Дисертації з теми "University affiliations"

En 1991, l'universite du littoral est creee. Les jeunes de cette zone geographique decouvrent, a proximite de leur lieu de residence, une universite nouvelle au recrutement social a dominante ouvriere. Apparait une absence de veritable rupture. Avec le passe et la famille qui se traduit par le maintien de comportements lyceens. Residant sous le toit familial, ces jeunes perpetuent leurs ancienneshabitudes. Apres les cours, la plupart rentrent chez eux et reintegrent leur reseau de sociabilite. Une distance avec l'universite se manifeste. Des lors, peut-on parler d'affiliation? notre objectif est de confronter, a ce champ d'etude, la theorie de l'affiliation de coulon. Selon lui, l'apprentissage du monde universitaire se deroule en 3 temps (l'etrangete, l'apprentissage, l'affiliation), ledernier est la condition sine qua non de la reussite. Or, ces 3 temps sont-ils observables dans une universite nouvelle? ces jeunes qui se comportent a priori comme des individus non affilies, sont-ils voues a l'echec etant donne le lien qui unit la reussite a l'affiliation? il s'agit de rendre intelligibles les processus d'affiliation et de mener une reflexion sur l'impact de cette derniere sur la reussite. Pour ce faire, il convient de saisir le sens que l'individu confere a ses etudes. Ceci suggere que la theorie de l'affiliation soit eclairee par la sociologie de l'experience de dubet. Selon nous, l'articulation des 3 dimensions de l'experience etudiante (vocation, projet, integration) se presente comme un element de comprehension de l'affiliation. Comment s'articulent-elles quand l'individu est affilie? quelle est la dimension la plus discriminante pour la reussite? comment ces combinaisons evoluent-elles dans le temps? la temporalite doit faire partie integrante de l'analyse. Un travail intensif de 3 ans aupres de 23 etudiants fournit des elements empiriques pour etudier l'affiliation et la reussite dans une perspective diachronique.

The study examines the relationship of these institutions with the University of Botswana within the affiliation system. The issues that were investigated were related to the affiliation system in general, and whether it was beneficial to both the University of Botswana and the affiliated institutions. It was found from the study that the relationship is a symbiotic one. Furthermore, the study looked into the articulation of the programmes of the affiliated institutions with those of the University of Botswana. The issue of the level at which diplomates from the Affiliated Institutions join a degree programme at the University of Botswana was also discussed. The current system is that after three years of doing a diploma at an affiliated institution, the diplomate will join a degree programme at the University of Botswana at year two with a diploma that was awarded by the University of Botswana. As a result the diplomate will spend three more years on the degree programme. Moreover, the issue of semesterising the affiliated institutions&rsquo
programmes, like those of the University of Botswana, was also looked into. Another issue considered was that of monitoring Quality Assurance in the affiliated institutions by the University of Botswana.

Published Article
This study was conducted with 29 Grade 12 learners who were studying calculus. The purpose was to explore how the learners responded to questions based on the derivative and why they did so. Data was collected from the written responses of the learners to two assessments carried out over a six-month period as well as interviews with four of the learners. It was found that learners made extensive use of inappropriate formulae, drawn from other sections of the curriculum The study recommends that teachers should not focus solely on how to carry out procedures, but they should also pay attention to why certain procedures are appropriate or not.

Published Article
Radiographers need to know how to react appropriately when a patient has a medical emergency; this is not only essential but lifesaving. This reaction stems from a theoretical framework that guides an automotive sense of knowing what to do and how to assist. Having the correct equipment completes this circle. The objectives of this study was to evaluate the responses of Bloemfontein radiographers in emergency situations based on the awareness of their role in emergency procedures and their role in the application of pharmaceuticals and equipment on the emergency trolley. A checklist compiled from literature was used to evaluate the state of emergency trolleys at four hospitals in Bloemfontein through impromptu visits. A questionnaire was used to determine the preparedness of radiographers for common medical emergencies. The currency of their first aid training was also established. The study results showed that 50% of the emergency trolleys' content conformed to guidelines in literature; the other trolleys contained expired medicine. Forty-five percent of the radiographers in the sample did not know how to assist effectively when using an emergency trolley. Of the participants 73.5% would respond according to protocol in emergency situations. Fifty-three percent of the radiographers in the study did not have valid first aid certificates. This study showed that though most participating radiographers would respond to emergency situations according to protocol, certain aspects of their response have shortcomings. Additionally the availability of equipment and medication is cause for concern.

This study examines the relative influence of value priorities, ethnicity and 'worries' in the determination of political party affiliation amongst Ugandan university students. Schwartz's values questionnaire was administered to 309 male and 176 female first year students from the faculties of engineering, medicine, law, commerce, social sciences, sciences, education and mass communication at Makerere University Uganda. The sample included respondents from all of the six sub-ethnic groups in Uganda. Respondents also covered the major religious groups in the country and were also representative of the major political parties. Results from the statistical analysis on the data show that ethnicity and certain values playa role in the determination of these students' affiliation to a political party. Chi-square results show that achievement, benevolence, universalism, security, tradition and conformity values are given differing importance across political parties. And, Anova results show that the tradition value has a significant mean difference across parties. Other factors such as religion and course of study are also found to have significant influence on these student's affiliation to political parties. Although 'worries' are found not to have a significant influence on student's political party affiliation, findings show that students from different political parties differ in their ratings of the different types of ' worries'. Therefore results show that ethnicity and value priorities do infl4ence these students' affiliation to a political party but ' worries' do not. The discussion section explores these findings in the context of contemporary Ugandan politics.

There is a gender gap in United States politics; men are over represented, and prioritize issues/policies differently compared with women. Stereotypes may be associated depending on group memberships. Stereotypes of men (competent) are consistent and stereotypes of women (warm) are inconsistent with politicians (competent). I examined stereotypes of major/non-major political parties, and how party affiliation affects whether stereotypes about men/male politicians/women/female politicians predict female politicians’ traits. Stereotype valence ascribed to political parties is important because people vote for a positively viewed party/representative. I assessed the strength and valence of stereotypes associated with political parties, and found major parties were viewed more positively than non-major parties, and the Democratic and Republican parties were viewed more positively than the Independent Party (Study 1). I found warmth and competence attributes ascribed to women/female politicians/men/male politicians predicted Karen Johnson’s warmth and competence depending on whether Karen Johnson was a major or non-major party candidate. When men/male politicians were perceived as competent Karen Johnson was perceived as competent, but no relationship between men/male politicians’ warmth and Karen Johnson’s warmth emerged. When women/female politicians were perceived as warm/competent, Karen Johnson was perceived as warm/competent. As a major candidate, Karen Johnson was perceived as warm/competent when women/female politicians were perceived as warm/competent. However, when Karen Johnson was a non-major candidate, there was no relationship between women’s competence and Karen Johnson’s competence, and when women/female politicians were perceived as warm, Karen Johnson was perceived as warm (Study 2). Women in office and members of multiple social groups are discussed.

Published Article
The article focuses on the interplay between print advertisements and literary genres such as poetry, drama, folklore, etc. This interplay may be used to develop an advertisement's point of interest to attract attention from a specific target audience. Based on previous research we hypothesise that literary genres are exploited as a means to engage audiences. The study aims to give a description of the typical genre characteristics of modern literary genres in SA print advertising. It also endeavours to do a pragmatic analysis of these advertisements against the background of the specific literary genre category and the genre qualities of advertisements to identify the implied marketing message.

Thesis (M. A. (Psychology)) --University of Limpopo
This research investigated the psychological, social and cultural experiences of undergraduate international students at the University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus). The study was qualitative in nature with an exploratory research design. The research made use of purposive sampling. Data was collected through focus groups as it was an appropriate tool for collecting the in-depth experiences of international students registered at the University. There were four focus groups with six participants in each so the overall sample was twenty-four. The researcher sampled twelve females and twelve males to ensure gender representivity. Afrocentricity was used as theoretical framework underpinning the study. The data were analysed using Thematic content analysis (TCA). The following themes emerged out of an interpretation of data: Motivation; Discrimination; academic challenges; language barriers; sense of belonging; homesickness; avoidance, acculturation and shared African culture. International students experienced many challenges which resulted in loneliness and isolation. They also used negative defence mechanisms in order to cope in the new environment. Results indicated that there are divisions in terms of culture (both social and academic) in the University environment caused, in part, by the colonial partition of Africa. Conversely, elements of African culture that have survived the onslaught of colonialism (and in South Africa, apartheid) help bind international and peer host country students (and outside communities) together.

Published Article
Teachers in Lesotho are confronted by a myriad of challenges, such as ensuring the meaningful inclusion of learners with impairments as well as adequately meeting their educational needs. This paper therefore, explores this challenge and how it impacts on teachers' abilities to deal it, and further recommend some teaching strategies to overcome it. An Attitudes Toward Inclusive Educational Scale (ATIES) questionnaire was adapted in this paper for the collection of data from 211 randomly-selected teachers from the Maseru and Berea districts of Lesotho. Findings as reported by teachers indicate, amongst many factors contributing to the challenges brought about by inclusive education, inadequate teacher training, inadequate resources, and a lack of support from authorities and parents. The revamp of classroom infrastructure and the review of teacher training approaches in Lesotho are vital policy imperatives to eradicate these educational challenges.

Published Article
The objective of the study was to assess the medical waste management practices used by clinics located in the Polokwane Municipality, South Africa. The clinic personnel were not informed prior to the visit. A walkthrough survey was conducted on-site where potential health and safety risks were identified and noted. The health care personnel in charge of specific clinics completed the questionnaires providing general and detailed information about the treatment and disposal of medical waste. Frequencies and percentages were calculated from the data obtained. Data obtained indicate that (i) medical waste was not segregated from general waste in most of the clinics, (ii) rural clinics were burning medical waste with general waste inside the clinic yard (iii) there was no sufficient collection and transport of medical waste in clinics, (iv) sharps were disposed at various hospital incinerators and (v) most of the clinics did not have storage facilities for medical waste.

For the dynamic construction of Chinese students’ disciplinary identities in transnational institution, the roles of language and context in constructing multiplicity of identity remain unexplored. Based on the social and linguistic studies on identities construction, this study proposes the idea of group membership affiliation: a multi-faceted meaning-making process that mediates the relation between individual and context, in which the individual uses language to habitually engage in activities, construe positive imagination of the community and align her or himself with the other members in the groups and so gain membership. Systemic Functional Linguistics, Sociocultural theory, social identity theory and Hyland’s (2012) idea of proximity provide the theoretical and analytical frameworks for the study. The research applies an integrated methodology, drawing on lexicogrammatical and discourse-semantic approaches, as well as small amount of qualitative case study data. The findings of the study relate to two aspects: that is, situated cultures and developmental use of disciplinary language. The first aspect is an integrated sociocultural and systemic functional linguistic approach which analyses both the public and private documents. The subsequent results show that although a mixed global and local culture is promoted in the context, non-Chinese teachers and non-Chinese students hold different understandings and acceptances to the Chinese social and contextual culture as well, as to the Chinese students. Furthermore, the study shows that the Chinese students shape proximal past, current and future possible disciplinary selves along a developmental trajectory; in the meantime, they shape their own values in the context. The second aspect is a systemic functional linguistic approach to measure the lexicogrammatical and semantic performance and negotiation in classroom discourse texts from year one to year four. The increased use of certain ideational and interpersonal resources at individual and classroom levels reveals that there is a developmental trajectory of the Chinese students’ disciplinary identities construction in the use of disciplinary language.

Published Article
This paper promotes the argument that although conventional postgraduate supervision is useful to address the research skills and competences of postgraduate students, a wider perspective is nonetheless required to educate and train any researcher (including postgraduate students upon their entrée into the world of research) to comprehend the demands made by research and how best these demands can be addressed. It is in this context that a more comprehensive concept of research education is promoted. The argument is based on the perspective that methodological understanding alone is not sufficient to assist a researcher in meeting the expectations of a research project. Research education refers to the training of researchers to be responsive to the research value chain. This includes aspects such as the formal research process, the importance of research ethics and integrity regarding the research project, the imperative to promote scholarship in research and the application of research results through technology transfer, innovation and incubation. Research education sensitizes the researcher to look beyond the scope of the academic research project and to extend the research to activities such as technology transfer, innovation, commercialization and partnerships. The aim of research education is to promote the wide range of aspects contributing to the understanding of what counts as research and its application.

Depuis les vingt dernières années, la mobilité étudiante a pris un grand essor, particulièrement dans le cadre de l'internationalisation des universités. Ainsi, partout dans le monde, les institutions d'enseignement supérieur accueillent une clientèle de pays étrangers. Le Québec n'est pas en reste, au contraire : le nombre d'étudiants étrangers fréquentant les universités québécoises est en forte croissance. Les recherches sur la clientèle étudiante internationale ont été réalisées particulièrement par des chercheurs issus de pays anglo-saxons accueillant le plus d'étudiants étrangers. Elles ont porté principalement sur les problèmes d'adaptation des étudiants aux plans psychologique, social et éducatif afin de mettre en place une prestation de services adéquats. Par ailleurs, les recherches portant sur l'adaptation des étudiants étrangers au plan éducatif ont permis de déterminer que la première session est la plus difficile pour les étudiants. Toutefois, peu de recherches ont porté sur le processus même d'adaptation ainsi que sur les problèmes particuliers reliés à l'apprentissage des étudiants. L'objectif général de la présente recherche est, par conséquent, de mieux comprendre le processus d'affiliation de l'étudiant étranger à son nouvel environnement. De plus, trois sous-objectifs visent, respectivement, à examiner le sentiment d'efficacité personnelle généralisé de l'étudiant quant à la réussite de ses études et son évolution au cours de la première session, à identifier les stratégies qu'il met en place, particulièrement les stratégies d'apprentissage autorégulé, et enfin, à vérifier si ces stratégies se transforment au cours de la première session. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, trois séries d'entretiens individuels ont été réalisés auprès de dix étudiants étrangers de différentes nationalités et ce, à trois reprises au cours de la première session. Ces trente entretiens ont permis de mieux comprendre le processus d'affiliation des étudiants à leur nouvel environnement. Le deuxième entretien, à la mi-session, a donné l'occasion d'examiner plus en détail le sentiment d'efficacité personnelle généralisé des étudiants pour la réussite de leurs études et pour certaines tâches en particulier dans divers contextes d'apprentissage. De plus, un entretien dirigé à partir du SLRIS (Self-Regulated Learning Interview Schedule) de Zimmerman et Martinez-Pons (1986) a permis d'explorer les stratégies d'apprentissage autorégulé utilisées par les étudiants. Enfin, des manifestations d'autorégulation des stratégies d'apprentissage ont été relevées au cours des trois séries d'entretiens. Le matériel a été analysé à l'aide du logiciel N'Vivo en fonction d'une approche qualitative-interprétative. Les résultats obtenus montrent que, dans l'ensemble, le processus d'affiliation des étudiants étrangers à leur nouvel environnement éducatif se réalise en quatre étapes : 1) le temps de l'étrangeté, où les étudiants vivent d'importantes pertes de repères par la découverte de façons de faire qui ne leur sont pas familières; 2) le temps du renoncement, qui correspond à une prise de conscience des étudiants qu'il leur faut s'ouvrir aux nouvelles exigences du système universitaire québécois et se départir des méthodes et des comportements de leur culture scolaire d'origine; 3) le temps de l'apprentissage, où les étudiants s'adaptent progressivement et apprennent de nouvelles stratégies plus adaptées aux apprentissages dans le contexte de leur université d'accueil; 4) le temps de l'affiliation, qui se manifeste par une transformation des étudiants vers l'atteinte de l'autonomie. Par ailleurs, le sentiment d'efficacité personnelle généralisé des étudiants, quant à la réussite de leurs études, est plutôt faible à leur arrivée dans leur nouvel environnement éducatif. Toutefois, il se transforme au fil de l'expérience de la session, et les étudiants se sentent beaucoup plus compétents à la fin du premier semestre. Les données indiquent également que les étudiants utilisent un grand nombre de stratégies d'apprentissage autorégulé, principalement la stratégie d'autoévaluation, qui leur permet de s'investir dans un processus de réflexion face à leur conduite, et d'évaluer la qualité et le progrès du travail accompli. Quant aux manifestations d'autorégulation des stratégies d'apprentissage, elles sont nombreuses à partir de la mi-session. Les étudiants sont alors en mesure d'identifier leurs faiblesses pour ce qui est des stratégies à utiliser, et de choisir des stratégies plus appropriées. Ainsi, par exemple, en contexte universitaire québécois, les étudiants doivent planifier leur travail personnel, transformer la façon de répondre aux examens et de prendre des notes et étudier à la bibliothèque pour mieux se concentrer. À la fin de la session, le processus d'affiliation se révèle être un processus dynamique où entre en jeu l'interaction d'une diversité de facteurs à la fois liés à l'étudiant et à son environnement. Ces facteurs, qui représentent des manifestations du processus d'affiliation, nous permettent de mieux comprendre ce qui favorise ou freine l'affiliation des étudiants à leur nouvel environnement. Ainsi, la fréquentation du campus, la maîtrise des outils technologiques, la passation des premiers examens, la création de liens avec les pairs québécois, l'autorégulation des stratégies d'apprentissage, le travail personnel accru et le calque des stratégies des étudiants québécois sont des leviers de l'affiliation qui amènent les étudiants étrangers à devenir autonomes et actifs face à leur apprentissage. À l'opposé, l'absence de liens avec les pairs en début de session, la planification inadéquate du travail scolaire, l'ignorance des attentes des enseignants, le manque de préparation de la part de l'institution d'attache, la méconnaissance des ressources de l'université d'accueil représentent des freins à l'affiliation. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : étudiants étrangers, mobilité étudiante, affiliation, autorégulation, stratégies d'apprentissage, système universitaire québécois

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Com a constituição da condição juvenil, a entrada na universidade passa a representar um dos espaços onde os jovens estabelecem relação com o saber. Esta relação só faz sentido para o estudante quando associada à realidade social em que ele vive. Este saber, quando contextualizado, tem efeito no processo de aprendizagem. Afinal é preciso uma reciprocidade entre o modo pelo qual os estudantes percebem as tarefas, o sentido dado às atividades, a perspectiva mobilizada por elas e a qualidade da aprendizagem que delas resultam. Um elemento que influencia nesse processo de construção de relação com o saber é o processo de afiliação do estudante. Uma vez que, o estudante se sinta pertencente à coletividade ele se instaura como membro e, dessa forma, se sente mais à vontade com relação ao seu lugar na universidade. Tendo em vista essas interlocuções teóricas, este estudo tem como objetivo compreender como se desenvolve a relação com o saber de jovens universitários em grupos de pesquisa e no Programa de Orientação Acadêmica. Essa pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, foi desenvolvida a partir do suporte teórico da etnometodologia e utilizou a abordagem da etnografia. O contexto de investigação foi o interior dos grupos de pesquisa e do espaço da orientação acadêmica. Quatro estudantes dos cursos dos Bacharelados Interdisciplinares participaram do estudo. Para coleta, três técnicas foram utilizadas: o registro em diário de campo, as observações participantes e as entrevistas. A organização e análise dos dados foram feitas com base em três eixos analíticos: a experiência da escola pública, a experiência da universidade e a experiência do grupo de pesquisa e da orientação acadêmica. A partir dos achados considera-se que os caminhos percorridos por esses jovens até a chegada à universidade pública podem ser caracterizados por adversidades, não somente econômicas, como também intelectuais e psicológicas. Além das dificuldades e sofrimento, os discursos revelam sonhos e projetos, elaborados a partir da condição de ser universitário. Eles romperam com o mundo familiar construído na escola pública, precisaram aprender as regras institucionais e a constituir uma nova relação com o saber, para então vivenciar o sentimento de pertença. O ingresso no grupo de pesquisa e na orientação acadêmica favoreceu diferentes relações com o saber. Esses espaços socializadores promoveram a afiliação do estudante, através das atividades de leitura, escrita, discussões e relações de afeto. Uma dimensão importante observada foi o tempo, que reverbera nos discursos e no processo de relação com o saber. Administrar o tempo e aprender a estudar faz parte do processo de afiliação à universidade. A reciprocidade na relação professor-estudante também ajudou na construção da autonomia do jovem sobre o conhecimento, tanto na sala de aula, quanto nos espaços de orientação e pesquisa. Nesse sentido, a análise da vida desses estudantes esteve atrelada à instituição onde suas práticas e discursos foram construídos. With regards to the establishment of the juvenile condition, entrance into university represents one of the places where young people establish relations with knowledge. This relation only makes sense to the student when associated with the social reality in which he lives. This knowledge, when contextualized, has an effect on the learning process. After all, there must be reciprocity between the way students perceive tasks, the meaning of the activities, the prospects mobilized by them and the quality of learning resulting from them. An element that influences this process of building relations with knowledge is the process of the affiliation of the student. Once the student feels he belongs to the community and is established as a member he thus feels more comfortable with his place in the university. Given these theoretical dialogues, this study aims to understand how the relation to knowledge in university students is developed through research groups and in the Academic Orientation Program. This research of qualitative character was developed from the theoretical framework of ethnomethodology and used the approach of ethnography. The research context was carried out within research groups and in the academic orientation space. Four Bachelors of Interdisciplinary Studies students participated in the studies. For data collection, three techniques were used: register in the casebook, participant observations, and interviews. The organization and analysis of the data was based on three analytical axes: the experience of public school, the experience of university and the experience of the research group and academic orientation. Interpretation of the research results demonstrated that the paths taken by these young people before reaching the public university can be characterized by adversity, not only economic but also intellectual and psychological. Beyond the difficulties and suffering, the discourses reveal dreams and goals, drawn from the condition of being universitarian. They broke away from the familiar world built in public school, they had to learn the institutional rules and set up a new relation to knowledge in order to then experience the sense of belonging. Admission into the research group and academic orientation favored a different relation with knowledge. These spaces of socialization promoted the affiliation of the student through the activities of reading, writing, discussions and relations of affection. An important dimension observed was time, which reverberated in the speeches and in the process of relation to knowledge. Managing time and learning to study is part of the process of affiliation to the university. The reciprocity in the teacher-student relationship also helped build autonomy in the youth regarding knowledge, as much in the classroom as in the spaces of orientation and research. In this way, the analysis of the lives of these students was linked to the institution where their habits and discourses were constructed.

Adolescence involves an increase in risky decisions, such as reckless driving and illicit substance use, but prosocial characteristics and peer affiliation have yet to be investigated as protective factors. The present study assessed altruistic tendencies, prosocial peer affiliation (PPA), and empathic concern as predictors and moderators of risk-taking, including both self-reported health risks and riskiness in a behavioral task. Young adults from ages 20 to 25 (M = 22.55, SD = 1.38) completed a battery of behavioral tasks (including the Balloon Analogue Risk Task and the Dictator Game) and questionnaires on Amazon MTurk, measuring risk-taking (drunk driving, texting while driving, binge drinking, illicit substance use, and tobacco use), altruistic tendencies, PPA, empathic concern, reward sensitivity, and self-regulation. Results indicated that drunk driving and texting while driving were negatively associated with all three prosocial characteristics, and binge drinking was related to PPA and empathic concern. Moderating effects included interactions between altruistic tendencies and reward sensitivity on drunk driving, altruistic tendencies and self-regulation on drunk driving, PPA and reward sensitivity on binge drinking, and empathic concern and self-regulation on binge drinking. Mediating effects, however, were not found. Overall, prosocial characteristics seemed to buffer against reward sensitivity and strengthen self-regulation in several models. The discussion centers on how prosocial individuals might be less prone to risk-taking, and how affiliating with positive peers can offset the effects of heightened reward sensitivity during this crucial developmental period.

Published Article
This paper reports on a mixed methods study that investigated access to, use, and perceptions of current and emerging technologies among Information Technology (IT) staff and students at universities of technology (UoTs) in South Africa. Fifty-eight IT staff and 410 IT students from 4 UoTs participated in the study. The primary research instrument was an online survey questionnaire, which was supplemented by semi-structured interviews with 31 of the study participants. Web investigations and conversations with IT support staff from UoTs also formed part of the mixed methods employed in the study. The findings of the online survey are analysed both from individual institutional perspectives and in aggregate form representative of the sector as a whole. Cross tabulations are used to analyse the data across institutions. The quantitative analysis reveals interesting trends and patterns in how students and staff are taking advantage of the potential held by Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) for teaching and learning and for use in their daily lives. The qualitative findings question the assumptions that have been made about a digital divide between digital native students and their digital immigrant lecturers, suggesting that we need to develop a more sophisticated understanding of the role that technologies play in the lives of both students and staff. Results indicate that while students are very enthusiastic about using various ICTs and Web 2.0 tools, most have still to be convinced about their use for formal academic functions. Academic staff, on the other hand, continues to be cautiously optimistic about the use of ICTs in teaching and still harbour a number of concerns.

Ce travail de recherche est parti d'une opportunité, celle de recueillir toutes les copies des étudiants de lettres et sciences humaines de Rouen à un test d'entrée en langue. Cette expérience nous a donné l'occasion de revenir sur les questions d'hétérogénéité et sur le lien entre hétérogénéité linguistique et échec universitaire. Mais cela nous a permis aussi de mener une enquête sociolinguistique à grande échelle, en analysant l'ensemble des copies d'une promotion d'étudiants et en recherchant dans certaines de leurs caractéristiques sociales une explication de la variation. Nous avons ajouté à cette approche quantitative une analyse plus qualitative de la variation, analyse qui tient compte de notre préoccupation très forte pour les questions d'altérité.
Dans une seconde partie, nous avons travaillé sur la diversité des représentations de ces étudiants, en exploitant les résultats d'une enquête par questionnaire, ainsi qu'une série d'entretiens menés tout au long de leur première année de faculté. Là encore, nous avons cherché à expliquer la variation rencontrée à partir des données sociales des étudiants.
A travers l'analyse de ces deux formes de diversité des étudiants –leurs pratiques linguistiques, leurs représentations–, nous avons voulu saisir le lien entre l'hétérogénéité des étudiants à l'entrée, leurs caractéristiques sociales et leurs chances de réussite, d'échec ou d'abandon en fin d'année.

Published Article
A growing scholarship links good leadership with in-house mentoring. This article looks at how well-performing school leaders benefitted from the inhouse mentoring they received. The author reports on a qualitative investigation based on in-depth individual interviews with six primary school leaders from Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo and Northwest Provence who were purposefully selected based on their receiving a national award for excellence in leadership. These awards were made by the Department of Basic Education in the category 'Excellence in primary school leadership'. The findings show that in-house mentoring benefitted participants holistically through behavioural, knowledge and skills acquisition. Behavioural acquisition included being humble and empathetic towards constructive work performance. Knowledge and skills acquisition related to sustaining the standard of teaching of core subjects, relying on committee input in a relational leadership approach and ensuring a dedicated teacher corps and positive parent involvement. The findings contribute to the discourse on inhouse mentoring for improved school leadership practice.

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Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia- FAPESB
O presente estudo tem como objetivo central analisar o processo de afiliação universitária dos estudantes cotistas e não cotistas nos cursos de Medicina e Direito da Universidade Federal da Bahia. Dessa forma, buscamos conhecer a trajetória universitária dos estudantes ao longo do seu processo de afiliação, identificamos e analisamos as dificuldades e estratégias de superação dos estudantes durante o processo de afiliação, assim como as diferenças e semelhanças desse processo para os estudantes cotistas e não cotistas. Portanto, estabelecemos relações entre a posição socioeconômica e capital cultural com o processo de afiliação universitária de modo que temos como base teórica para tratar de afiliação universitária os estudos de Alain Coulon e para compreender os fatores referentes ao capital cultural, social e econômico a teoria de Pierre Bourdieu. Trata-se de uma pesquisa na perspectiva qualitativa, um estudo de caso, na qual foram realizadas entrevistas semi- estruturadas com 17 estudantes no total. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi elaborado à luz dos objetivos do estudo e considerando os tempos da afiliação universitária conforme a base teoria de Alain Coulon. Para as análises, as entrevistas foram transcritas na integra tendo o cuidado de manter o texto fiel a linguagem dos estudantes e em seguida procedemos com a análise de conteúdo. Os estudantes que ingressam na universidade adentram a uma nova fase de vida, em um ambiente diferenciado, e para os estudantes de origem popular, que em muitos casos são os primeiros da família a terem acesso ao ensino superior, uma realidade que não era cogitada para os membros dessa classe. A afiliação preocupa-se com a trajetória dos estudantes no âmbito acadêmico em cada etapa da vida estudantil, ou seja, a entrada na universidade e como os estudantes lidam e adaptam-se as novas demandas para tornarem-se afiliados a instituição, tornarem-se membros. Os resultados da pesquisa se aproximam dos estudos realizados por outros pesquisadores com estudantes cotistas, ao mesmo tempo que aporta achados quanto a trajetória universitária de estudantes de diferentes origens sociais. O processo de afiliação universitária dos estudantes cotistas e não cotistas nos cursos investigados, de fato, são diferentes, tendo em vista os fatores econômicos, sociais e raciais. Encontramos a existência de um tempo de estranhamento e da aprendizagem do ofício universitário para todos os estudantes que ingressam na universidade, mas o estranhamento é mais longo e as aprendizagens mais difíceis para os estudantes cotistas, tendo em vista que o capital cultural, social e econômico desde a entrada na universidade até o momento da afiliação são fatores que estão imbricados na condição de vida estudantil. Desse modo, essa investigação tende a colaborar com os estudos no campo da afiliação universitária, bem como as discussões sobre assistência estudantil e permanência de estudantes na universidade, além de sugestões suscitadas pelo estudo em questão.
ABSTRACT The present study has, as main objective, the analysis of the process of university’s affiliation of the quota and non-quota students in the graduation courses of Medicine and Law, located in the Federal University of Bahia. In this way, we seek to know the academic’s trajectory of students throughout the process of affiliation, identify and analyze how the students’ difficulties and overcome strategies occur during the process of affiliation, as well as how the differences and treatments for students who were benefited by the quota system and those who weren’t (non-quota students). Thus, the relations between socioeconomic position and cultural capital with the process of university affiliation has as theoretical base in the studies of Alain Coulon and the factors referring to the cultural, social and economic capital are based on the theory of Pierre Bourdieu. This is a qualitative research, a case study, in which semi-structured interviews were carried out with 17 students in total. The data collection instrument was elaborated in the light of the study’s objectives and considers times of the students in the university according to the basic theory of Alain Coulon. In the matter of the analyzes of this study, the interviews were fully transcribed, taking care in maintaining the students’ language on the text, proceeded by content’s analysis. As the students ingress the university, they begin a new phase of life, in a differentiated environment, and to students of popular origin, that in many cases are first ones in their family to access higher education’s courses - a reality that was not considered for this class’ members. Affiliation takes concern with the trajectory of students in the academic arena at each stage of student life, i.e. the entry in the university and how students deal and adapt to the new demands to become affiliated with the institution, to become members. The results of the research are close to the studies conducted by other researchers on the quota students, showing that the trajectory of students depends on their social backgrounds. The process of university affiliation of the quota and non-quota students in the courses investigated, in fact, are different, considering the economic, social and racial inputs. We find the existence of a rhythm of estrangement and learning of the university’s student for all the cases that enter the university, but the strangeness occur longer and the learning process is more difficult for the quota students, considering that the cultural, social and economic capital. From the university entrance until the moment of the affiliation those are fundamental factors in the conditioning of student life. Thus, this research tends to collaborate with studies in the field of university affiliation, as well as discussions about student assistance and student stay in university, as well as suggestions raised by the study in question.

Diese Arbeit bietet eine solide theoretische Grundlage zu Philanthropie und religiös motivierten Spendenaktivitäten und deren Einfluss auf Wohltätigkeitstrends, Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und einer auf dem Gedanken der sozialen Gerechtigkeit beruhenden Philanthropie. Untersucht werden dafür die Strukturen religiös motivierte Spenden, für die in der islamischen Tradition die Begriffe „zakat“, „Waqf“ oder im Plural auch „awqaf-“ oder „Sadaqa“ verwendet werden, der christliche Begriff dafür lautet „tithes“ oder „ushour“. Aufbauend auf diesem theoretischen Rahmenwerk analysiert die qualitative und quantitative Feldstudie auf nationaler Ebene, wie die ägyptische Öffentlichkeit Philanthropie, soziale Gerechtigkeit, Menschenrechte, Spenden, Freiwilligenarbeit und andere Konzepte des zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagements wahrnimmt. Um eine umfassende und repräsentative Datengrundlage zu erhalten, wurden 2000 Haushalte, 200 zivilgesellschaftliche Organisationen erfasst, sowie Spender, Empfänger, religiöse Wohltäter und andere Akteure interviewt. Die so gewonnen Erkenntnisse lassen aussagekräftige Aufschlüsse über philanthropische Trends zu. Erstmals wird so auch eine finanzielle Einschätzung und Bewertung der Aktivitäten im lokalen Wohltätigkeitsbereich möglich, die sich auf mehr als eine Billion US-Dollar beziffern lassen. Die Erhebung weist nach, dass gemessen an den Pro-Kopf-Aufwendungen die privaten Spendenaktivitäten weitaus wichtiger sind als auswärtige wirtschaftliche Hilfe für Ägypten. Das wiederum lässt Rückschlüsse zu, welche Bedeutung lokale Wohltätigkeit erlangen kann, wenn sie richtig gesteuert wird und nicht wie bislang oft im Teufelskreis von ad-hoc-Spenden oder Hilfen von Privatperson an Privatperson gefangen ist. Die Studie stellt außerdem eine Verbindung her zwischen lokalen Wohltätigkeits-Mechanismen, die meist auf religiösen und kulturellen Werten beruhen, und modernen Strukturen, wie etwa Gemeinde-Stiftungen oder Gemeinde-„waqf“, innerhalb derer die Spenden eine nachhaltige Veränderung bewirken können. Daher bietet diese Arbeit also eine umfassende wissenschaftliche Grundlage, die nicht nur ein besseres Verständnis, sondern auch den nachhaltiger Aus- und Aufbau lokaler Wohltätigkeitsstrukturen in Ägypten ermöglicht. Zentral ist dabei vor allem die Rolle lokaler, individueller Spenden, die beispielsweise für Stiftungen auf der Gemeindeebene eingesetzt, wesentlich zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung beitragen könnten – und das nicht nur in Ägypten, sondern in der gesamten arabischen Region. Als konkretes Ergebnis dieser Arbeit, wurde ein innovatives Modell entwickelt, dass neben den wissenschaftlichen Daten das Konzept der „waqf“ berücksichtigt. Der Wissenschaftlerin und einem engagierten Vorstand ist es auf dieser Grundlage gelungen, die Waqfeyat al Maadi Community Foundation (WMCF) zu gründen, die nicht nur ein Modell für eine Bürgerstiftung ist, sondern auch das tradierte Konzept der „waqf“ als praktikable und verbürgte Wohlstätigkeitsstruktur sinnvoll weiterentwickelt.
This work provides a solid theoretical base on philanthropy, religious giving (Islamic zakat, ‘ushour, Waqf -plural: awqaf-, Sadaqa and Christian tithes or ‘ushour), and their implications on giving trends, development work, social justice philanthropy. The field study (quantitative and qualitative) that supports the theoretical framework reflects at a national level the Egyptian public’s perceptions on philanthropy, social justice, human rights, giving and volunteering and other concepts that determine the peoples’ civic engagement. The statistics cover 2000 households, 200 Civil Society Organizations distributed all over Egypt and interviews donors, recipients, religious people and other stakeholders. The numbers reflect philanthropic trends and for the first time provide a monetary estimate of local philanthropy of over USD 1 Billion annually. The survey proves that the per capita share of philanthropy outweighs the per capita share of foreign economic assistance to Egypt, which implies the significance of local giving if properly channeled, and not as it is actually consumed in the vicious circle of ad-hoc, person to person charity. In addition, the study relates local giving mechanisms derived from religion and culture to modern actual structures, like community foundations or community waqf that could bring about sustainable change in the communities. In sum, the work provides a comprehensive scientific base to help understand- and build on local philanthropy in Egypt. It explores the role that local individual giving could play in achieving sustainable development and building a new wave of community foundations not only in Egypt but in the Arab region at large. As a tangible result of this thesis, an innovative model that revives the concept of waqf and builds on the study’s results was created by the researcher and a dedicated board of trustees who succeeded in establishing Waqfeyat al Maadi Community Foundation (WMCF) that not only introduces the community foundation model to Egypt, but revives and modernizes the waqf as a practical authentic philanthropic structure.

African-American students commonly experience many personal difficulties while attending predominantly Caucasian universities. According to the literature, these students often report feelings of isolation and alienation, and have comparatively high attrition rates, even when compared with members of other minority groups. Researchers have found that for African-American students, the experience of affiliation counters feelings of isolation. Participation in athletics is one way for students to feel that they are important members of the university community. This study was a qualitative investigation of small samples of African-American and Caucasian athletes and nonathletes at a large, public, predominantly Caucasian university. Particular attention was paid to African-American students and the relationship between athletic participation and feelings of affiliation within the university community. Students participated in a semi-structured interview, completed The Participation Motivation Questionnaire, The Collective Self-Esteem Survey, and the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and responded to selected stimuli from the T.A.T and R.A.T.C. For all of the athletically involved individuals in this study, regardless of race, athletic participation has been important throughout life. These students view their childhood athletic involvement as having provided a valuable and enjoyable learning experience in which they increased their self-awareness and self-confidence, and in which they developed and used skills in cooperation and competition. At the university, students of both races acquired valuable skills and insight that they believed would be useful in their lives after college. For African-American students who experienced feelings of alienation at the university, athletics gave them a peer group in which they could feel safe and accepted. Several of the African-American students spoke about negative experiences before college associated with their being visibly distinct from the majority. Athletic participation gave these students a way to be visible in a positive way, and to feel like important members of the larger university community.

Foreign market entry strategy involves choices about which markets to enter and how to enter them. In most of the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) literature it was always of the interest to determine what are the decisions of the foreign investing firm choice of ownership structure and from the point of view of the local firms what, are the characteristics that define the way they may react to this new entry The main objective of the current study is to analyze the role of conglomerate groups in emerging economies when firms face economic stress, like instability on regulations that affect project cash flows or like the entrance of new aggressive competitors on the market As recognized in many other studies, one set of risks arises from public expropriation hazards that are a function of the ability of the host country's institutional environment to credibly commit to a given policy or regulatory regime. Empirical research has shown this hazard to have an impact on ownership levels The first part of this study is a theoretical model that describes how Multinational Firms face moral hazard risk from their counterpart and political risk from the host country when they decide to go abroad in a Joint Venture alliance. We found that, when the Multinational Firm is dealing with a bad type Domestic Firm, the problem of asymmetric information causes a rent transfer from the Multinational Firm to the Domestic Firm and not from the project to investors. We also found that the greater the level of hazard expropriation, the lower the participation of the Multinational Firm on the final cash flow, except for the case where the Multinational Firm has the negotiation power and there is a high level of local investment protectionism. In that case, the Multinational Firm increases its participation in the final cash flow Another challenge for the foreign direct investment (FDI) literature because of its rareness is the expansion of Spanish banks in Latin America in the mid 90s. It was one of the most striking changes experienced by retail banking markets in Latin America The second part of this study is an empirical model that wants to determine how incumbent banks in Colombia, Mexico and Chile faced the hostile entrance of Banco Santander on their bank market. We found that banks may better fight the entrance of Banco Santander if they belong to a Financial Conglomerate (FC). Additionally, with respect to the effect that has firm size on the incumbent reaction, we found that size characteristic appeared significant with a negative sign. This negative sign may be explained by the fact that large banks lost their loan market share, on the contrary, medium and small banks responded fighting for their market position
acase@tulane.edu

Worldwide accounting and business scandals have led people to ask about the ethicality of accountants and the role of accounting education in nurturing accounting students. These phenomena have encouraged accounting scholars to investigate factors that affect the ethical decision making (EDM) of accountants and accounting students as future accountants. Meanwhile, some accounting schools in Indonesia have responded to these phenomena by including more religious subjects in their curricula because they believe religion could influence EDM. However, the EDM research in the field of accounting is still underdeveloped. This study extended Rest’s (1986) EDM model by investigating the influence of religiosity, Locus of control (LOC), peer influence, and family influence on the EDM (ethical recognition, ethical judgement, and ethical intention) of accounting students in Indonesia. Furthermore, this study investigated the significant differences in the perception of each influencing factor according to gender and university affiliations. Lastly, this study investigated the extent to which the relationship between key influencing factors and EDM variables are mediated by other EDM variables. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), this study found that intrinsic religiosity and internal LOC variables have a significant positive effect on accounting students’ ethical recognition and ethical intentions. Furthermore, this study found the ability of accounting students to recognise ethical problem positively affects their ethical judgement ability. It also found the ethical judgement of accounting students in Indonesia positively affects their ethical intention. This study found that female accounting students had a significantly higher score on intrinsic religiosity compared to male accounting students. Meanwhile, male accounting students had a higher score on peer influence compared to female accounting students. Furthermore, this study found that Islamic accounting schools’ students have a higher degree of extrinsic religiosity and family influence compared to accounting students from secular universities and Islamic universities. Meanwhile, accounting schools of Islamic universities had a higher degree of peer influence compared to students of secular universities and Islamic accounting schools. This study found the effect of ethical recognition as a mediating variable on the relationship between intrinsic religiosity and ethical judgement. Furthermore, it found the effect of ethical judgement as a mediating variable on the relationship between intrinsic religiosity and ethical intention. This study has suggested accounting schools to put more emphasis on developing intrinsic religiosity, internal LOC, and ethical judgement in training their students to nurture ethical accountants.

This purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between religious beliefs, religious affiliation, religious orientation, as defined by Allport and Ross (1967) and help-seeking behaviour amongst students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg campus. The need for this research has been motivated by the limited amount of previous research in this area. The influence of gender on help-seeking behaviour and on religious orientation was also explored. Questionnaires comprising of the Religious Orientation Scale, General Help-seeking questionnaire and demographic information in terms of age, gender and religious affiliation were administered to students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg campus. The sample consisted of 100 students from various religions, language, sexual orientation, age. The results revealed a significant difference between religious beliefs and religious orientation on help-seeking behaviour. In terms of demographic variables, gender had influence on religious orientation or help-seeking behaviour, respectively. However, religious affiliation had no influence on help-seeking behaviour.
Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2011.

The region of Eastern and Southern Africa has recently experienced an unprecedented development of private tertiary institutions. Most of these institutions are established by religious organisations which, since the inception of education, have been involved in operating educational institutions of lower levels. Although referred to as private institutions, which by definition would imply funding other than the government sources, these private institutions find themselves, at times requesting the government to fund their development as well as their operations. This study sought to investigate if these private religious institutions have unique raison d'etre expressed in the form of mission statements. The study also investigated the nature of their management and the management structures in practice. The literature reviewed indicated that private religious institutions have a unique mission based on their basic concept of education and their world view. They seek to pursue and inculcate specific values. Operating in a competitive environment, however, in which their competitors do receive funding from the government makes the private institutions vulnerable to hardships. The study was conducted using qualitative research approach in three countries, namely Kenya, Uganda and Zimbabwe; involving all degree granting recognised private religious institutions in the sample and focussing on the management. The respondents were chosen by elite purposive and snowball sampling. The main data collection method was the interview. However, document analysis, observations, and a questionnaire were also used. The findings from the data indicate that private religious institutions have unique missions although they are, at times, not expressed in the form of mission statements. As a result some of the stakeholders, including those involved in management, don't get to know what their institutions' missions are. The study concludes by emphasising the development of clear mission statements involving the stakeholders in the process and having the mission statements widely disseminated. It is also recommended that training in management is important for the managers of the institutions at the various levels. A model of management is proposed for streamlining the management of the institutions considering the requirements of the national governments as well as those of the religious proprietors.
Educational Studies
D. Ed. (Educational Management)