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Готові списки джерел за темами / Urban overheating

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Urban overheating"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 18 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Urban overheating":

1

Khan, Hassan Saeed, Riccardo Paolini, Mattheos Santamouris, and Peter Caccetta. "Exploring the Synergies between Urban Overheating and Heatwaves (HWs) in Western Sydney." Energies 13, no. 2 (January 18, 2020): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020470.

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There is no consensus regarding the change of magnitude of urban overheating during HW periods, and possible interactions between the two phenomena are still an open question, despite the increasing frequency and impacts of Heatwaves (HW). The purpose of this study is to explore the interactions between urban overheating and HWs in Sydney, which is under the influence of two synoptic circulation systems. For this purpose, a detailed analysis has been performed for the city of Sydney, while considering an urban (Observatory Hill), in the Central Business District (CBD), and a non-urban station in Western Sydney (Penrith Lakes). Summer 2017 was considered as a study period, and HW and Non-Heatwave (NHW) periods were identified to explore the interactions between urban overheating and HWs. A strong link was observed between urban overheating and HWs, and the difference between the peak average urban overheating magnitude during HWs and NHWs was around 8 °C. Additionally, the daytime urban overheating effect was more pronounced during the HWs when compared to nighttime. The advective flux was found as the most important interaction between urban overheating and HWs, in addition to the sensible and latent heat fluxes.

2

Yenneti, Komali, Lan Ding, Deo Prasad, Giulia Ulpiani, Riccardo Paolini, Shamila Haddad, and Mattheos Santamouris. "Urban Overheating and Cooling Potential in Australia: An Evidence-Based Review." Climate 8, no. 11 (November 4, 2020): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8110126.

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Cities in Australia are experiencing unprecedented levels of urban overheating, which has caused a significant impact on the country’s socioeconomic environment. This article provides a comprehensive review on urban overheating, its impact on health, energy, economy, and the heat mitigation potential of a series of strategies in Australia. Existing studies show that the average urban heat island (UHI) intensity ranges from 1.0 °C to 13.0 °C. The magnitude of urban overheating phenomenon in Australia is determined by a combination of UHI effects and dualistic atmospheric circulation systems (cool sea breeze and hot desert winds). The strong relation between multiple characteristics contribute to dramatic fluctuations and high spatiotemporal variabilities in urban overheating. In addition, urban overheating contributes to serious impacts on human health, energy costs, thermal comfort, labour productivity, and social behaviour. Evidence suggest that cool materials, green roofs, vertical gardens, urban greenery, and water-based technologies can significantly alleviate the UHI effect, cool the ambient air, and create thermally balanced cities. Urban greenery, especially trees, has a high potential for mitigation. Trees and hedges can reduce the average maximum UHI by 1.0 °C. The average maximum mitigation performance values of green roofs and green walls are 0.2 °C and 0.1 °C, respectively. Reflective roofs and pavements can reduce the average maximum UHI by 0.3 °C. In dry areas, water has a high cooling potential. The average maximum cooling potential using only one technology is 0.4 °C. When two or more technologies are used at the same time, the average maximum UHI drop is 1.5 °C. The mitigation strategies identified in this article can help the governments and other stakeholders manage urban heating in the natural and built environment, and save health, energy, and economic costs.

3

Synnefa, Afroditi, Shamila Haddad, Priyadarsini Rajagopalan, and Mattheos Santamouris. "SI: Survivability under Overheating: The Impact of Regional and Global Climate Change on the Vulnerable and Low-Income Population." Climate 8, no. 11 (October 24, 2020): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8110122.

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The present special issue discusses three significant challenges of the built environment, namely regional and global climate change, vulnerability, and survivability under the changing climate. Synergies between local climate change, energy consumption of buildings and energy poverty, and health risks highlight the necessity to develop mitigation strategies to counterbalance overheating impacts. The studies presented here assess the underlying issues related to urban overheating. Further, the impacts of temperature extremes on the low-income population and increased morbidity and mortality have been discussed. The increasing intensity, duration, and frequency of heatwaves due to human-caused climate change is shown to affect underserved populations. Thus, housing policies on resident exposure to intra-urban heat have been assessed. Finally, opportunities to mitigate urban overheating have been proposed and discussed.

4

Santamouris, Mat. "Urban overheating and impact on the built environment." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 609 (October 23, 2019): 022003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/609/2/022003.

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5

Maiullari, Daniela, Marjolein Pijpers-van Esch, and Arjan Van Timmeren. "A Quantitative Morphological Method for Mapping Local Climate Types." Urban Planning 6, no. 3 (August 19, 2021): 240–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i3.4223.

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Morphological characteristics of cities significantly influence urban heat island intensities and thermal responses to heat waves. Form attributes such as density, compactness, and vegetation cover are commonly used to analyse the impact of urban morphology on overheating processes. However, the use of abstract large-scale classifications hinders a full understanding of the thermal trade-off between single buildings and their immediate surrounding microclimate. Without analytical tools able to capture the complexity of cities with a high resolution, the microspatial dimension of urban climate phenomena cannot be properly addressed. Therefore, this study develops a new method for numerical identification of types, based on geometrical characteristics of buildings and climate-related form attributes of their surroundings in a 25m and 50m radius. The method, applied to the city of Rotterdam, combines quantitative descriptors of urban form, mapping GIS procedures, and clustering techniques. The resulting typo-morphological classification is assessed by modelling temperature, wind, and humidity during a hot summer period, in ENVI-met. Significant correlations are found between the morphotypes’ characteristics and local climate phenomena, highlighting the differences in performative potential between the classified urban patterns. The study suggests that the method can be used to provide insight into the systemic relations between buildings, their context, and the risk of overheating in different urban settings. Finally, the study highlights the relevance of advanced mapping and modelling tools to inform spatial planning and mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of urban overheating.

6

Shu, C., A. Gaur, M. Bartko, A. Laouadi, L. Ji, M. Lacasse, and L. (L) Wang. "Importance of Microscale Climate Simulations in City Scale Overheating Assessments." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2069, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2069/1/012057.

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Abstract This study demonstrates the importance of high-resolution climate simulations when conducting city-scale outdoor heat wave alert and indoor overheating assessments. This is done by modelling urban climate of the Ottawa and Montreal cities at 1 km and 25 km, typical for regional climate modelling respectively, over the summer of 2018 when an extreme heat event caused around 100 deaths in these cities. It is shown that urban climate characteristics (higher temperatures, lower wind speeds, lower relative humidity in the urban core than surroundings) are better simulated at 1 km than at 25 km spatial resolution. Indoor conditions are simulated for an archetype model of a single detached house using EnergyPlus software for two locations within the cities: a) city center and b) airport location. It is shown that the simulated indoor air temperature in the building is highly correlated with the outdoor air temperature. Furthermore, it is found that the maximum indoor air temperature difference of the city center and the airport can be as high as 8°C in Montreal and 9°C in Ottawa. Such intra-urban differences in overheating in buildings will be ignored if microscale simulations are not performed, highlighting their importance for building overheating assessments in cities.

7

Dong, Yu, Rong Wang, Jing Xue, Jingran Shao, and Haibo Guo. "Assessment of Summer Overheating in Concrete Block and Cross Laminated Timber Office Buildings in the Severe Cold and Cold Regions of China." Buildings 11, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11080330.

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The aims of the paper were to clarify whether office buildings in the severe cold and cold regions are overheating, especially those with natural ventilation, and whether potential overheating is related to the building materials. The severe cold and cold regions of China were considered to be cool regions during summer. However, with global warming, improvements in the thermal performance of the building envelope and the urban heat island effect, office buildings in these regions are showing different degrees of overheating during summer. Two office building materials commonly used in this area, cross laminated timber (CLT) and concrete block, were simulated in this study. With reference to the overheating standard, the degree of overheating in six cities in the severe cold and cold regions was quantitatively analysed and the extent of overheating for the two building materials was compared. Finally, the influence of thermal insulation on building overheating is discussed, and some suggestions are put forward to improve the relevant national regulations in China. The results show that office buildings in the severe cold and cold regions experience overheating during summer, and CLT buildings are more prone to overheating than concrete buildings during summer. This is attributable to the different thermal mass of the materials. Thick insulation does increase the risk of building overheating, and the effect on concrete buildings is more pronounced. Concrete buildings with an insulation layer can experience overheating for 27–71 h more than buildings without an insulation layer. Insulation on CLT buildings only results in an increase of 11–37 h. When considering the current situation with summer overheating in the severe cold and cold regions, relevant codes should also be modified and improved accordingly to guide building design, so as to achieve low-carbon and energy-saving goals.

8

Costa, A. L. A., M. Natalini, M. F. Inglese, and O. A. M. Xavier. "Tire Bead Overheating in Urban Buses and Trucks Using Drum Brake Systems." Tire Science and Technology 26, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2346/1.2135959.

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Abstract Because the structural integrity of brake systems and tires can be related to the temperature, this work proposes a transient heat transfer finite element analysis (FEA) model to study the overheating in drum brake systems used in trucks and urban buses. To understand the mechanics of overheating, some constructive variants have been modeled regarding the assemblage: brake, rims, and tires. The model simultaneously studies the thermal energy generated by brakes and tires and how the heat is transferred and dissipated by conduction, convection, and radiation. The simulated FEA data and the experimental temperature profiles measured with thermocouples have been compared giving good correlation.

9

Battista, Gabriele, Marta Roncone, and Emanuele de Lieto Vollaro. "Urban Overheating Impact: A Case Study on Building Energy Performance." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 8, 2021): 8327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188327.

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It is well known that the construction sector is one of the main sectors responsible for energy consumption in the current global energy scenario. Thus, buildings’ energy software become essential tools for achieving energy savings. Climate and its implications for building energy performance are a critical threat. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate the climatic conditions in urban and suburban areas of Rome, estimating the incidence of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon. To this end, meteorological data obtained from three different areas (two airports and one inside the city) were examined and compared. Then, TRNSYS software was used to create a simple building, in order to assess the impacts of various climatic situations on building energy performance. The study revealed significant percentage differences both in terms of energy needs for heating, from −20.1% to −24.9% when the reference stations are, respectively, Fiumicino and Ciampino, and for cooling, with a wider range, from +48.7% to +87.5% when the reference stations are Ciampino and Fiumicino. Therefore, the study showed the importance of more accurately selecting sets of climate values to be included in energy simulations.

10

Zinzi, Michele, and Matheos Santamouris. "Introducing Urban Overheating—Progress on Mitigation Science and Engineering Applications." Climate 7, no. 1 (January 19, 2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli7010015.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Urban overheating":

1

Mballo, Souleymane. "Quantification et modélisation des services climatiques rendus par les arbres dans une rue canyon." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022NSARD097.

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Le changement climatique global et les épisodes extrêmes qu’il induit sont devenus l’un des enjeux majeurs de ce siècle. La compréhension du microclimat en milieu urbain suscite une attention croissante de la part des chercheurs depuis quelques années, en raison des phénomènes de surchauffe observés en ville et de la densité de population qui en font un environnement sensible aux vagues de chaleur. De nombreuses études ont montré que la végétation peut réduire la température de l’air en ville, mais ces bénéfices dépendent de l'environnement construit, et de nombreuses variables souvent non maitrisées en ville, comme la disponibilité de l'eau pour les végétaux. Dans ce contexte, ce travail de thèse vise à analyser et quantifier les services climatiques rendus dans une rue canyon par des arbres en confort hydrique. Elle s’appuie sur une double approche associant expérimentation et modélisation. Des campagnes de terrain ont été réalisées sur une maquette arborée à l’échelle (1/5) installée en milieu extérieur sur le site de l’Institut Agro, à Angers, France. Sur le plan numérique, des simulations 2D du climat distribué en régime instationnaire ont été réalisés selon une approche de type CFD. Entre autres résultats, les travaux de cette thèse ont montré que la rue canyon crée une surchauffe pouvant aller jusqu’à 2.8 °C pendant la nuit, et jusqu'à 2.4°C pendant la journée, et que les arbres peuvent réduire la température de l'air dans la rue de 2.7 °C pendant la journée et améliorer le confort humain thermique en réduisant jusqu’à 8 °C les valeurs de l’UTCI à la mi-journée. Ce travail fournit des éléments de quantification qui pourront aider les décideurs dans leur politique d’aménagement
Global climate change and the extreme events it induces have become one of the major issues of this century. Understanding the microclimate in urban areas has received increasing attention from researchers in recent years, due to the overheating phenomena observed in cities and the population density that makes them a sensitive environment for heat waves. Several studies have shown that vegetation can reduce air temperature in cities, but these benefits depend on the built environment, and on many variables often not controlled in cities, such as water availability for plants. In this context, this thesis aims to analyze and quantify the climatic services provided in a canyon street by well-watered trees. It is based on a double approach combining experimentation and modeling. Field campaigns were carried out on a tree model at scale (1/5) installed in an outdoor environment on the site of the Institut Agro, in Angers, France. On the numerical approach, 2D simulations of the distributed climate in unsteady regime were performed using a CFD approach. Among other results, the work of this thesis showed that the canyon street creates overheating of up to 2.8 °C during the night, and up to 2.4 °C during the day, and that trees can reduce the air temperature in the street by 2.7 °C during the day, and improve human thermal comfort by reducing mid-day UTCI values by up to 8 °C. This work provides quantification elements that can help decision makers in their planning policies

Книги з теми "Urban overheating":

1

Aghamohammadi, Nasrin, and Mat Santamouris, eds. Urban Overheating: Heat Mitigation and the Impact on Health. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4707-0.

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2

Santamouris, Matthaios, and Alberto Muscio. Fighting Urban Overheating in Practice. Elsevier, 2021.

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3

Urban Overheating - Progress on Mitigation Science and Engineering Applications. MDPI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03897-637-0.

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4

Aghamohammadi, Nasrin, and Mat Santamouris. Urban Overheating: Heat Mitigation and the Impact on Health. Springer, 2022.

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5

Aghamohammadi, Nasrin, and Mattheos Santamouris. Mitigation and Adaptation of Urban Overheating: The Impact of Warmer Cities on Climate, Energy, Health, Environmental Quality, Economy, and Quality of Life. Elsevier, 2024.

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Частини книг з теми "Urban overheating":

1

Wu, Simei, Xiaojun Liu, and Bao-Jie He. "Impact of Urban Overheating on Critical Infrastructure." In Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability, 83–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12015-2_9.

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2

Mavrogianni, Anna, Ioanna Tsoulou, Clare Heaviside, Eleni Oikonomou, Giorgos Petrou, Phil Symonds, Mike Davies, Jonathon Taylor, Ai Milojevic, and Paul Wilkinson. "Urban Overheating and Impact on Health: An Introduction." In Advances in Sustainability Science and Technology, 1–20. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4707-0_1.

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3

Kassomenos, Pavlos, and Paraskevi Begou. "The Impact of Urban Overheating on Heat-Related Morbidity." In Advances in Sustainability Science and Technology, 39–80. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4707-0_3.

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4

Jamei, Elmira, and Nigel Tapper. "Urban Overheating and the Impact on Health in Melbourne." In Advances in Sustainability Science and Technology, 233–48. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4707-0_12.

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5

González-Trevizo, M. E., K. E. Martínez-Torres, A. Luna-León, J. F. Armendáriz-López, and J. Sandoval-Félix. "Impact of Urban Overheating and Heat-Related Mortality in Mexico." In Advances in Sustainability Science and Technology, 343–56. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4707-0_17.

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6

Hua, Junyi, Yuan Shi, Chao Ren, Kevin Ka-Lun Lau, and Edward Yan Yung Ng. "Impact of Urban Overheating and Heat-Related Mortality in Hong Kong." In Advances in Sustainability Science and Technology, 275–92. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4707-0_14.

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7

Gao, Kai, Samira Garshasbi, and Mattheos Santamouris. "Urban Mitigation Potential of Quantum Dots and Transpiration Cooling: Transpiration Cooling to Mitigate Urban Overheating." In Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation, 3759–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72579-2_164.

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8

Gao, Kai, Samira Garshasbi, and Mattheos Santamouris. "Urban Mitigation Potential of Quantum Dots and Transpiration Cooling: Transpiration Cooling to Mitigate Urban Overheating." In Handbook of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation, 1–27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6431-0_164-1.

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9

Matandirotya, Newton R., Dirk P. Cilliers, Roelof P. Burger, Christian Pauw, and Stuart J. Piketh. "Risks of Indoor Overheating in Low-Cost Dwellings on the South African Lowveld." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1583–600. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_123.

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AbstractThe South African Lowveld is a region of land that lies between 150 and 2000 m above sea level. In summer the region is characterized by the maximum mean daily ambient temperature of 32 °C. The purpose of the study was to characterize indoor thermal environments in low-cost residential dwellings during summer seasons as climate is changing. Indoor and ambient air temperature measurements were performed at a 30-min temporal resolution using Thermochron iButtons in the settlement of Agincourt. 58 free running low-cost residential dwellings were sampled over the summer seasons of 2016 and 2017. Complementary ambient air temperature data were sourced from the South African Weather Service (SAWS). Data were transformed into hourly means for further analysis. It was found that hourly maximum mean indoor temperatures ranged between 27 °C (daytime) and 23 °C (nighttime) for both living rooms and bedrooms in summer 2016 while in 2017, maximum mean indoor temperatures ranged between 29 °C (daytime) and 26 °C (nighttime) in living rooms and bedrooms. Pearson correlations showed a positive association between indoor and ambient temperatures ranging between r = 0.40 (daytime) and r = 0.90 (nighttime). The association is weak to moderate during daytime because occupants apply other ventilation practices that reduce the relationship between indoor and ambient temperatures. The close association between nighttime ambient and indoor temperature can also be attributed to the effect of urban heat island as nighttime ambient temperature remain elevated; thus, influencing indoor temperatures also remain high. These findings highlight the potential threat posed by a rise in temperatures for low-cost residential dwellings occupants due to climate change. Furthermore, the high level of sensitiveness of dwellings to ambient temperature changes also indicates housing envelopes that have poor thermal resistance to withstand the Lowveld region’s harsh extreme heat conditions, especially during summer. The study findings suggest that a potential risk of indoor overheating exists in low-cost dwellings on the South African Lowveld as the frequency and intensity of heat waves rise. There is therefore a need to develop immediate housing adaptation interventions that mitigate against the projected ambient temperature rise for example through thermal insulation retrofits on the existing housing stock and passive housing designs for new housing stock.

10

Bavarsad, Fatemeh Salehipour, Elisa Di Giuseppe, and Marco D’Orazio. "Numerical Assessment of the Impact of Roof Albedo and Thermal Resistance on Urban Overheating: A Case Study in Southern Italy." In Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2021, 125–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6269-0_11.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Urban overheating":

1

Gupta, Rajat. "Assessing resilience to summertime overheating in modern low energy flats in UK." In Countermeasures to Urban Heat Islands. BS Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/bsp.ic2uhi.42.

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2

Barone, Flavia, Lucie Merlier, Virginie Chasles, and Frédéric Kuznik. "Contribution of building energy simulations to the assessment of overheating health risks in urban dwellings." In 2021 Building Simulation Conference. KU Leuven, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2021.30588.

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3

Wong, Kaufui V., Andrew Paddon, and Alfredo Jimenez. "Heat Island Effect Aggravates Mortality." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62785.

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Cases of death during heat waves are most commonly due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, with the main contribution from the negative effect of heat on the cardiovascular system. In an attempt to control the body temperature, the body’s natural instinct is to circulate large quantities of blood to the skin. However while trying to protect itself from overheating, the body actually harms itself by inducing extra strain on the heart. This excess strain has the potential to trigger a cardiac event in those with chronic health problems, such as the elderly. Those in the U.S.A. between the ages of 65 and 74 are at a higher risk of mortality during heat waves when they are single, have a history of chronic pulmonary disease, or suffer from a psychiatric disorder. In the older group, 75+, single people are again more vulnerable as well as women. The relationship of mortality and temperature creates a J-shaped function, showing a steeper slope at higher temperatures. Records show that more casualties have resulted from heat waves than hurricanes, floods, and tornadoes together. The significance of this is that the U.S. suffers the highest damage total from natural catastrophes annually. Studies held from 1989–2000 in 50 U.S. cities recorded 1.6% more deaths during cold temperature events, as opposed to a staggering 5.7% increase during heat waves. People are at risk when living in large metropolitan areas, especially those mentioned above, due to the heat island effect. Urban areas suffer heat increases from the combination of global warming effects as well as localized heat island properties. It is flawed to claim that the contribution of anthropogenic heat generation to the heat island effect is small. Analyzing the trend of extreme heat events (EHEs) between 1956 and 2005 showed an increase on average of 0.20 days/year, on a 95% confidence interval with uncertainty of ±0.6. This trend follows the recorded data for 2005 with 10 more heat events per city than in 1956. Compact cities experience an average of 5.6 days of extreme heat conditions annually, compared to that of 14.8 for sprawling cities. The regional climate, city populace, or pace of population growth however does not affect this effect. Statistics from the U.S. Census state that the U.S. population without air conditioning saw a drop of 32% from 1978 to 2005, resting at 15%. Despite the increase in air conditioning use, the positive affects of it may have run their course as a critical point may have been reached. A study done by Kalkstein through 2007 proved that the shielding effects of air conditioning reached their terminal effect in the mid-1990s. Heat-related illnesses and mortality rates have slightly decreased since 1980, regardless of the increase in temperatures. This may be in part to the increase in availability of air conditioning, and other protective measures, to the public. Protective factors have mitigated the danger of heat on those vulnerable to it, however projecting forward the heat increment related to sprawl may exceed physiologic adaptation thresholds.