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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 січня 2023

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative"

Friesen, Lana, Lata Gangadharan, Peyman Khezr, and Ian A. MacKenzie. "Mind your Ps and Qs! Variable allowance supply in the US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 112 (March 2022): 102620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2022.102620.

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Bang, Guri, David G. Victor, and Steinar Andresen. "California’s Cap-and-Trade System: Diffusion and Lessons." Global Environmental Politics 17, no. 3 (August 2017): 12–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00413.

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This article investigates the roles of policy diffusion and policy learning in shaping the design of California’s cap-and-trade system. On the surface, it is very similar to other cap-and-trade programs, but in practice many detailed differences reflect active efforts by California policy-makers to avoid flaws that they saw in other systems, such as the EU ETS and the US East Coast’s Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative. We assess how California’s cap-and-trade system emerged, the significance of policy diffusion, and the lessons for other trading systems by applying two broad sets of theoretical frames—the role of policy diffusion and the role of organized local political concerns. We find that despite the signature status of the trading system, California mostly relies on much less transparent and more costly direct regulation. We also find that California’s cap-and-trade system has developed mostly in its own, special political context, which hampers the feasibility of cross-border trading.

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Vaganov, E. A., B. N. Porfiryev, A. A. Shirov, A. Yu Kolpakov, and A. I. Pyzhev. "Assessment of the Contribution of Russian Forests to Climate Change Mitigation." Economy of Region 17, no. 4 (2021): 1096–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2021-4-4.

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Recent inclusion of the issue of economy decarbonization in the global agenda has been affecting social and political priorities. To lower greenhouse gas emissions, Russian economy has to reduce anthropogenic emissions and maximise the carbon sequestration potential of national forests. The paper demonstrates that Russian forest ecosystems compensate for more than a quarter (almost 27 %) of anthropogenic emissions. However, due to the absence of a reliable, time-tested forest inventory system in Russia, as opposed to leading countries, it is difficult to ensure the sustainable use of forest resources and full accounting of greenhouse gas absorption by forests. The research analyses systemic measures to improve the absorptive capacity of Russian forests as a key element of the mechanism for compensating industrial greenhouse gas emissions, since the global expert community should recognise the contribution of these forests to the global climate change mitigation. Potential economic benefits of increasing the carbon-absorbing capacity of forests are assessed at the regional level. The example of Irkutsk oblast shows that the calculated effect of the analysed measures can amount to 6–7 dollars/ha at the current price of carbon credits; full implementation of these measures in the region can bring up to 480 million US dollars annually, net of expenses. The research proposes to ensure the necessary quality and completeness of data of the State Forest Registry by integrating remote and ground-based field measurements. It is also suggested to enhance institutional and investment support to state forest conservation initiatives, including in the framework of the National Project “Ecology” and forest-climate projects based on public-private partnerships. These measures should be included in the reform of public policy in the field of forest management.

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Fell, Harrison, and Peter Maniloff. "Leakage in regional environmental policy: The case of the regional greenhouse gas initiative." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 87 (January 2018): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2017.10.007.

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Lee, Kangil, and Richard T. Melstrom. "Evidence of increased electricity influx following the regional greenhouse gas initiative." Energy Economics 76 (October 2018): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.10.003.

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Kretzschmar, Brendan, and Andrew B. Whitford. "Design, Performance and Interstate Collaboration: Insights from the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative." Regional & Federal Studies 22, no. 4 (December 2012): 475–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13597566.2012.709503.

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Perera, Frederica, David Cooley, Alique Berberian, David Mills, and Patrick Kinney. "Co-Benefits to Children’s Health of the U.S. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative." Environmental Health Perspectives 128, no. 7 (July 2020): 077006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp6706.

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Declet-Barreto, Juan, and Andrew A. Rosenberg. "Environmental justice and power plant emissions in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative states." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 20, 2022): e0271026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271026.

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Policies to reduce greenhouse gases associated with electricity generation have been a major focus of public policy in the United States, but their implications for achieving environmental justice among historically overburdened communities inappropriately remains a marginal issue. In this study we address research gaps in historical and current ambient air emissions burdens in environmental justice communities from power plants participating in the Regional Greenhouse Gases Initiative (RGGI), the country’s first market-based power sector emissions reduction program. We find that in RGGI states the percentage of people of color that live within 0–6.2 miles from power plants is up to 23.5 percent higher than the percent of the white population that lives within those same distance bands, and the percentage of people living in poverty that live within 0–5 miles from power plants is up to 15.3 percent higher than the percent of the population not living in poverty within those same distance bands. More importantly, the transition from coal to natural gas underway before RGGI formally started resulted in large increases in both the number of electric-generating units burning natural gas and total net generation from natural gas in environmental justice communities hosting electric-generating units, compared to other communities. Our findings indicate that power sector carbon mitigation policies’ focusing on aggregate emissions reductions have largely benefitted non-environmental justice communities and have not redressed the fundamental problem of disparities in pollutant burdens between EJ and non-EJ communities. These must be directly addressed in climate change and carbon emissions mitigation policy.

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Freedman, Martin, and Jin Dong Park. "Mandated Climate Change Disclosures by Firms Participating in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative." Social and Environmental Accountability Journal 34, no. 1 (November 5, 2013): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969160x.2013.852988.

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Chan, Nathan W., and John W. Morrow. "Unintended consequences of cap-and-trade? Evidence from the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative." Energy Economics 80 (May 2019): 411–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.01.007.

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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative"

Lee, Kangil. "THE REGIONAL GREENHOUSE GAS INITIATIVE AND U.S. ENERGY MARKETS." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2325.

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The dynamic mutual relationship between the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) carbon permit price and energy prices in the U.S. is examined. Results show that the RGGI and electricity markets are not closely linked, although the carbon permit price is usually closely interrelated with energy prices. The loose relationship between the RGGI and electricity markets can be explained by the recent low carbon credit demand which stems from the low greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions existent in the particular area covered by the RGGI. The low GHG emissions result from fuel switching due to recent low natural gas prices. Unlike the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme, natural gas is the key driver of the RGGI system.

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Skantz, Henrik. "Does Cap-and-Trade Reduce Emissions? : Evaluating the Effect of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative on CO2 emissions from the Electrical Power Sector." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412173.

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Wardley, Neale. "The Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Journey: Finding the Balance between Acceptance, Effectiveness and Emissions Reduction." Thesis, 2020. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42035/.

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For over a decade this study followed designs for emissions trading schemes (ETS) that have emerged in response to global warming. An ETS is considered a cost-effective instrument to mitigate pollution (UNFCCC, 2006). Early in this study indications were that several operational ETSs struggled to achieve their emission reduction goals. Considering this problem, the study looks at the competing constraints of acceptance, effectiveness, and emissions reduction. The parameters of an ETS can be adjusted in relation to these constraints and the study also considers the alignment of nine design factors to these constraints. The design factors considered are legislation, governance, compliance, rules, compensation, targets, phasing-in, coverage and the distribution of allowances. It emerges that adjustments in terms of factor alignment may affect a schemes ability to reduce emissions. Other important factors sit outside the scope of this study, i.e. variations in greenhouse gas emissions as a result of the GFC and later COVID-19, also alternative mitigation policies, human adaptation, and innovative technologies. Viewed in a comparative manner the main case studies are the antecedent US Acid Rain Program (US ARP), the European Union Emission Trading System (EU ETS) and the US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI). Other ETS designs that provide data for the study include the UK Emissions Trading Scheme (UK ETS), the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CRPS), which later became known as the Australian Carbon Tax, and the Californian Cap and Trade Program (CCTP). An effective ETS may perform adequately in relation to its’ goals for governance and compliance, although it can be shown that if the design leans too far toward acceptance the capacity for emissions reduction is diminished. According to the conceptual framework developed early in the study, over time the relationship between the constraints and the design factors should be revised toward reducing emissions.

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Olesniewicz, Timothy J. "Unanticipated consequences of regional greenhouse gas policies : criteria emissions and the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative /." 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/theses.asp?highlight=1&Cmd=abstract&ID=REP2008-004.

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Книги з теми "US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative"

Reconfiguring global climate governance in North America: A transregional approach. Farnham, Surrey, UK: Ashgate, 2014.

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Anufriev, Valeriy, Yuliya Gudim, and Aytkali Kaminov. Sustainable development. Energy efficiency. Green economy. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1226403.

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The monograph examines the problems of sustainable development and energy efficiency using the scientific and methodological approach proposed by the authors for the development of regional fuel and energy programs based on the KhMAO, the Sverdlovsk region, and the oil and gas production enterprise JSC Yuganskneftegaz, and presents the results of the environmental and economic assessment. This approach allows us to evaluate and select the most effective investment project for the utilization of associated petroleum gas from the point of view of energy, environmental and climate security on comparable indicators (tons, rubles). The authors proposed to distinguish from more than 200 UN indicators four basic indicators: the change in the green area (country, region, city, household) for the year; the level of energy efficiency; the amount of pollutants released per year; the annual amount of greenhouse gas emissions. It is proposed to consider the possibility of using the" energy " ruble of S. A. Podolinsky (kW / h) as a possible world reserve currency. Taking into account the unique experience of the region's participation in various projects of sustainable development, energy-efficient and low-carbon economy, it is proposed to create a market for waste and greenhouse gas emissions on the basis of the trade exchange of the Sverdlovsk region as a pilot platform for the implementation of the green economy. The history of the term "green economy", the essence of this concept is considered; the results of the application of green economy in different countries are shown. The international experience of green solutions and technologies is analyzed, the psychological aspects of the transition to a green economy are studied. For all those interested in the environmental development of the economy.

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Chauvin, Serge. Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative: Lessons and Related Cap-And-Trade Considerations. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2013.

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Kamieniecki, Sheldon, Leigh Stafford Raymond, and Michael E. Kraft. Reclaiming the Atmospheric Commons: The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and a New Model of Emissions Trading. MIT Press, 2016.

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Kamieniecki, Sheldon, Leigh Raymond, and Michael E. Kraft. Reclaiming the Atmospheric Commons: The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and a New Model of Emissions Trading. MIT Press, 2016.

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Raymond, Leigh. Reclaiming the Atmospheric Commons: The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and a New Model of Emissions Trading. MIT Press, 2016.

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Raymond, Leigh. Reclaiming the Atmospheric Commons: The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and a New Model of Emissions Trading. The MIT Press, 2016.

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Частини книг з теми "US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative"

Lygre, Solveig, and Jørgen Wettestad. "The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative." In The Evolution of Carbon Markets, 53–66. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2018] | Series: Transforming environmental politics and policy: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315228266-4.

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Machado, Cristian Rivera, and Hiroshan Hettiarachchi. "Composting as a Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategy: Lessons Learned from Cajicá, Colombia." In Organic Waste Composting through Nexus Thinking, 17–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36283-6_2.

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AbstractMunicipal solid waste (MSW) generated in developing countries usually contains a high percentage of organic material. When not properly managed, organic waste is known for creating many environmental issues. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, soil and water contamination, and air pollution are a few examples. On the other hand, proper and sustainable management of organic waste can not only bring economic gains but also reduce the waste volume that is sent for final disposal. Composting is one such recovery method, in which the end product – compost – eventually helps the agricultural industry, and other sectors, making the process an excellent example of nexus thinking in integrated management of environmental resources. The aim of this chapter is to discuss how Cajicá, a small city in Colombia, approached this issue in a methodical way to eventually became one of the leading organic waste composting examples in the whole world, as recognised by the United Nations Environment Programme in 2017. Cajicá launched a source separation and composting initiative called Green Containers Program (GCP) in 2008, based on a successful pilot project conducted in 2005. The organic waste separated at source collected from households, commercial entities, schools, and universities are brought to a privately operated composting plant chosen by the city to produce compost. The compost plant sells compost to the agricultural sector. The participants in the GCP could also receive a bag of compost every 2 months as a token of appreciation. The Cajicá case presents us with many lessons of good practice, not only in the sustainable management of waste but also in stakeholder engagement. It specifically shows how stakeholders should be brought together for long-lasting collaboration and the benefits to society. Finding the correct business model for the project, efforts made in educating the future generation, and technology adaptation to local conditions are also seen as positive experiences that others can learn from in the case of Cajicá’s GCP. Some of the concerns and potential threats observed include the high dependency GCP has on two institutions: the programme financially depends completely on the municipality, and the composting operation depends completely on one private facility. GCP will benefit from having contingency plans to reduce the risk of having these high dependencies.

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Perera, Frederica. "Success Stories." In Children's Health and the Peril of Climate Change, 138—C6.P81. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197588161.003.0006.

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Abstract Chapter 6 provides examples of policies on fossil fuel–related air pollution and climate change that have worked to the benefit of public health and the economy. It presents estimates of the avoided cases of illness and impairment in children and adults from policies implemented at different levels of government as well as the associated economic gains. It briefly reviews the benefits of policy changes in China, the European Union, and Sweden, and then presents case studies at the level of the city (London, Krakow, New York City), region (the US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative), and state (the California Climate Program). The chapter notes that, in cases where cost benefit analyses have been done, the benefits clearly outweigh the costs. It emphasizes that the policies are not static but continually evolve based on experience and input from environmental justice and other stakeholders.

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Rabe, Barry G. "A Carbon Pricing Work in Progress." In Can We Price Carbon?, 163–84. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262037952.003.0006.

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California may be on the way toward replicating the experience of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, as it moves beyond early stages into full operation as a cap-and-trade system. It formally partners with one Canadian province, Quebec, and has begun to expand beyond its original focus on electricity. The program has experienced a number of significant challenges to longer-term operations but has retained a strong base of political support and could be poised to become a leading example of cap-and-trade effectiveness.

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Rabe, Barry G. "When Cap-and-Trade Works." In Can We Price Carbon?, 125–62. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262037952.003.0005.

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Cap-and-trade has also faced numerous political challenges but also includes some more successful cases. Some of the experience of the American sulfur dioxide emissions trading program has been replicated for carbon in the case of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative. This alliance among nine Northeastern states has retained political support for more than a decade and also pioneered a system to auction allowances to generate revenue. These funds are then concentrated on expansion of energy efficiency and renewable energy in the region, thereby further addressing climate change and also building a broader base of political support.

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Raymond, Leigh. "Normative Reframing and the RGGI Revolution." In Reclaiming the Atmospheric Commons. The MIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262034746.003.0004.

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This chapter provides a detailed analysis of the multi-year design process leading to the implementation of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) in 2008. It considers the question: How did RGGI’s policy designers succeed in auctioning virtually all of the program’s emissions allowances, wheresimilar efforts to promote auctions failed? After reviewing the limits of existing explanations of RGGI’s decision to auction allowances that are grounded in the interest group politics model, the chapter offers a detailed analysis of the RGGI design process to demonstrate the central role of the new public benefit model in making auctions politically viable. Public and private accounts confirm the prominence of this new normative framing for auctions from the very beginning of the process, and its influence over the political choice to make this policy change.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative"

Platts, J. E. "Impact of regional greenhouse gas initiative and renewable portfolio standards on power system planning." In 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2006.1709393.

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Al Harrasi, Sultan, Naren Jayawickramarajah, Taimur Al Shidhani, Daniel White, and Mohamed Najwani. "The Evolution of Green Completion in BP Khazzan Field." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207517-ms.

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Abstract Well Testing is the single largest contributor of carbon emissions during well operations and the industry's aspiration to reduce carbon emissions inspired the bp Oman team to identify innovative ways to reduce emissions from activities in the Khazzan field. Khazzan is characterized by tight reservoirs which requires hydraulic fracturing to release gas from the rock. After fracturing, the wells are tested/cleaned-up by flowing the well fluids and flaring the produced gas and condensate to the atmosphere. The testing removes contaminants – proppant, frac fluid, hydrogen sulphide – that could damage the downstream Central Processing Facility (CPF). ‘Green Completion’ was one of the opportunities that was identified by the bp's Oman team to remove these contaminants in an environmentally friendly manner. A Green Completion is a zero flaring concept – hydrocarbons produced during well test operations are ‘cleaned’ and then routed to processing facilities for export rather than being flared. This concept has been successfully utilized in bp's onshore US operations for over a decade. The team leveraged the experience from the USA, applying this technology to suit the conditions in Oman, but it was not simple nor straight forward. In the last two years, this process has been modified and reinvented for the operations in Oman as the company seeks to strategically reduce its global carbon footprint. In first half of 2018, the bp Wells team initiated a pilot project with the objective of developing Green Completion capability in the Khazzan field. This was the start of the journey to demonstrate bp's commitment to reducing greenhouse gas (CHG) emissions in a sustainable manner. Furthermore, bp's collaborative cross-functional aptitude allowed for expanding the use of Green Completions into the Ghazeer development, which enabled zero-emission well testing of newly drilled wells even before commissioning of the new pipeline infrastructure. Through this initiative, the region has reduced emissions and generated cash by selling the recovered hydrocarbons instead of flaring into the atmosphere during well testing operations. Since Q1 2019, the total reduction of CO2 emissions exceeded 240,000 tonnes of CO2 equivalent, which equates to taking circa 52,000 vehicles off the road for one year. The implementation of this environmentally friendly operation also adhered to strict safety standards. The rigid bp safety process guidelines ensured that all challenges and optimization opportunities were fulfilled in a safe manner. The purpose of this paper is to detail how the team pushed the technical envelope to introduce this technology and share the journey entailing extensive cross-disciplinary cooperation amongst operations, subsurface and wells teams to fulfill the zero emissions objective.

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Chen, Yihsu, Dallas Burtraw, Benjamin F. Hobbs, Soora Kim, Karen Palmer, Anthony Paul, and Steve Gabriel. "Analyzing the Long-run Impact of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative on the Maryland Power Sector: Oligopoly Analysis." In 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2007.385511.

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Panchal, Yashesh, Nihal Mounir, Mehdi Loloi, Ibrahim Mohamed, Omar Abou-Sayed, and Ahmed Abou-Sayed. "Application of Slurry Injection Technology in Biowaste Management - A New Discipline in Managing Bio-Waste in Economic and Environmentally Friendly Manner." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200836-ms.

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Abstract Carbon offset describes the environmental benefit from an initiative that avoids, reduces or removes greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the atmosphere. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has identified Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O) as major constituent of the GHGs. Wastewater Treatment Facilities (WWTFs) among several other sectors is a neglected source for GHG emission. Considering the risk of rise in GHGs, United States along with other countries signed the Paris Agreement to respond to the global climate change threat in 2016. It is assessing projects to cut GHGs in exchange for emission credits that can be used to comply with goals they set under the United Nations pact. In order to curb the GHG emission by WWTFs, an innovative approach "Bioslurry Injection" (BSI) can be implemented to reduce the emission of the GHGs produced during the course of biological and chemical treatment of wastewater. The technology is inherited from the traditional drill cutting injection and Carbon sequestration technology implemented by the Oil and Gas industry since 1980's. The BSI operation has the ability to accept the feed from different treatment stages after the initial screening process to prepare the injection slurry and help in controlling the GHG emission at respective treatment stage along with managing the intake volume. The slurry can be prepared by mixing the treated biosolids with wastewater and injected into a pre-selected underground earth formation, where biosolids undergo anaerobic digestion and decompose into CO2 and CH4. An injection formation with sufficient capacity to accept the slurry is selected by conducting a detailed geomechanical and fracture simulation analyses. Along with the injection feasibility, the calculations of the amount of Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) sequestrated underground by implementing BSI technique is presented in this paper. The sequestration of decomposed GHGs is an environmentally friendly activity that has proved to be economically beneficial due to its ability to earn carbon offsets. According to the new carbon law in the state of California the amount of CO2e eliminated from the atmosphere can be traded to earn carbon credits. TIRE facility through its ability to sequester and thus eliminate emission of the GHGs from the atmosphere can gain up to $1.5M worth of carbon credits per year providing both environmental and economic benefit. Also, low capital and operating cost for the BSI facility due to its compact surface requirement is an additional advantage along with reduced risk of spillage hazard when BSI facility is incorporated within the WWTF boundaries.

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Wijaya, Nur, Derek Vikara, David Morgan, Timothy Grant, and Donald Remson. "Basin Management of Geologic CO2 Storage: Effect of Well Spacing on CO2 Plume and Pressure Interference." In SPE Western Regional Meeting. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209283-ms.

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Abstract Large-scale deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a key decarbonization approach to achieve drastic reductions in greenhouse gas emission levels. The United States Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory, through the Carbon Storage Assurance Facility Enterprise Initiative projects, defines a commercial-scale CO2 saline storage project as one in which at least 50 million tonnes of CO2 are injected over the course of 20 to 30 years. Large-scale decarbonization through CCS may likely involve many commercial-scale CO2 storage projects located in close proximity. Nearby injection operations may result in CO2 plume commingling and create pressure buildup over time, which could cause pressure interference and may require preventative strategies to avoid exceedance of fracture pressure threshold. This study employs numerical modeling to analyze the evolution of the extent of CO2 and pressure plumes in which the commercial-scale CO2 storage projects inject simultaneously into a common storage formation from multiple projects located in proximity. Injection operations target an extensive saline formation with formation top of 1 km below ground surface, thickness of 200 m, horizontal and vertical permeabilities of 50 and 15 mD, porosity of 10%, and all external boundaries closed to fluid flow (i.e., top, bottom and all sides). The injection occurs at 1 million tonnes/year per well for 30 years, followed by a 50-year post-injection period (PISC). The effect of well spacing and resulting pressure buildup and CO2 plume migration is explicitly evaluated. For the circumstances modeled, our analysis indicates that the radius of the CO2 plume extends 2-4 km from the CO2 injection well(s). Under the multi-project injections, CO2 plume commingling does not occur during injection; however, during PISC and pressure equilibration, CO2 plumes commingle under certain well spacings. However, the radius of the pressure-buildup plume is in the range of tens or a few hundreds of kilometers, depending on the amount of pressure increase used to define the plume edge. These findings indicate that a degree of pressure interference can occur between storage projects located near each other, particularly during the early stages of the project. Additionally, our analysis of pressure interference shows that required well spacing needed to avoid approaching or exceeding fracture pressure thresholds can be extensive for formations with low fracture gradients (i.e., in the range of 80–125 km for formations with a pressure gradient of 0.6 psi/ft), but significantly smaller for formations with higher fracture gradients (i.e., 5 km for 0.8 psi/ft). Given the potential pressure interference which may occur from multiple projects, this analysis shows the importance of coordination among storage operators and regulatory stakeholders. Because this study analyzes a very specific geologic situation, well configuration, CO2 injection rate and boundary conditions, this exploratory study bears further investigations across other geologic situations.

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Garceau, Sean, Amar Jawalkar, Ryan McKennon, Christopher Moffatt, Anthony Pocengal, and Michella Thomas. "Methane Emissions Reduction Solutions: Product Development and Standardization." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15758.

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Abstract The Oil & Gas industry and environmental agencies around the world are working to find solutions to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. A comprehensive study by the US EPA found that emissions from compressor stations, blow down and purge, accounted for 97.7 Bscf or just over 31% of the total methane emissions attributed to the Natural Gas industry. [1] With methane (CH4) having 25 times the impact on global warming compared to carbon dioxide (CO2), and global legislation like the Regulations Respecting Reduction in the Release of Methane and Certain Volatile Organic Compounds Upstream Oil and Gas Sector (or also called Canadian Methane Rule) and regional methane reduction regulations, developing solutions to further mitigate methane emissions from process gas vents and centrifugal gas compressor seals becomes necessary as the industry moves towards near-zero targets. This paper addresses the design requirements and selection of a process gas vent recapture system and primary dry seal vent recapture system. In addition, this paper will review the design consideration during the design phase to the data collected during site operation.

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Yonebayashi, Hideharu. "Synergistic Cooperation with Energy Transition Initiatives of Oil Producing Countries and NOC from IOC Standpoint." In SPE EuropEC - Europe Energy Conference featured at the 83rd EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209680-ms.

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Abstract Decarbonizing initiatives are being advanced in the energy sector: not only international oil companies (IOC) and oil consuming nations but also national oil companies (NOC) and oil producing countries. The recent net zero initiatives, declared by several gulf coast countries (GCC), are expected accelerating the progress towards the decarbonized society. The study focuses on the UAE's decarbonization strategy, as a case example, because of the first country releasing the net zero initiative with the most concrete approaches among the GCCs. Each approach of the NOC, aligned with the national initiative, are carefully investigated to give a comprehensive perspective of the strategic grand design. This can bring us an insight of how each piece interacts with others and finally leads to having cooperative ideas from the IOC's viewpoints for achieving the NOC/IOC-common objective of net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission society. As a NOC's approach, an electrification of oil fields can reduce CO2 emission with valualizing lower carbon intensity oil. To enhance the effort, IOC can support the future market trading low carbon intensity products as offtaker. From the aspect of expanding the existing technologies, CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) can contribute not only reducing CO2 emission and/or carbon credit trading but also producing clean energy such as ammonia and/or hydrogen, too. To improve CO2 EOR project values, the IOC can provide an advanced CO2 mobility control technology. The study discusses further win-win cooperative potentials such as other CO2 intensity lowering technologies (ex. water shut off, production chemical optimization) and another opportunity of decarbonization (ex. CO2-methanation).

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Звіти організацій з теми "US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative"

Bernow, S. S., K. Gurney, G. Prince, and M. Cyr. The potential for biomass to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions in the Northeastern US. Northeast Regional Biomass Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10190075.

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Babiker, Mustafa, Amir Bazaz, Paolo Bertoldi, Felix Creutzig, Heleen De Coninck, Kiane De Kleijne, Shobhakar Dhakal, et al. What the Latest Science on Climate Change Mitigation means for Cities and Urban Areas. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/supsv310.2022.

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The Summary for Urban Policymakers (SUP) initiative provides a distillation of the IPCC reports into accessible and targeted summaries that can help inform action at city and regional scales. Volume I in the series, What the Latest Physical Science of Climate Change Means for Cities, identified the ways in which human-induced climate change is affecting every region of the world, and the cities and urban areas therein. Volume II, Climate Change in Cities and Urban Areas: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of different adaptation options. To achieve climate resilient development, synergies between policies and actions for climate change adaptation, mitigation and other development goals are needed. This third volume in the series, What the Latest Science on Climate Change Mitigation Means For Cities and Urban Areas offers a concise and accessible distillation of the IPCC Working Group III Report for urban policymakers. The 21st century is characterized by a rapidly growing urban population, urban land expansion and associated rise in demand for resources, infrastructure and services. These trends are expected to drive the growth in emissions from urban consumption and production through 2100, although the rate of urban emissions growth will depend on the type of urbanisation and the speed and scale of mitigation action implemented. Aggressive and ambitious policies for transition towards net zero greenhouse gas emissions can be implemented in cities and urban areas, while contributing to sustainable development. Ultimately, mitigation action and adaptation are interdependent processes, and pursuing these actions together can promote sustainable development.

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