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Статті в журналах з теми "VHIFs"
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Scalise, Filippo, Eugenio Novelli, Massimiliano Farina, Luciano Barbato, and Salvatore Spagnolo. "Venous Hemodynamic Insufficiency Severity Score variation after endovascular treatment of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 30, no. 4 (February 14, 2014): 250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355514524193.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a vascular condition characterized by anomalies of the internal jugular veins (IJVs) and/or azygos veins with disturbed flow and formation of collateral venous channels. The presence of CCSVI has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Percutaneous venous angioplasty (PVA) has been proposed to improve extracranial outflow; however, a non-invasive, post-procedural follow-up outcome measure has not been established. Aim of the study To evaluate the short-term hemodynamic follow-up of CCSVI after PVA using color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and to investigate whether hemodynamic variation correlated with clinical variation. Materials and methods Forty-five patients affected by MS with confirmed CCSVI underwent IJVs PVA. Venous hemodynamic (VH) parameters indicative of CCSVI and the Venous Hemodynamic Insufficiency Severity Score (VHISS) were evaluated by CDU at baseline and 3 months post-PVA. Concurrently, the MS-related disability status (EDSS) was evaluated. Results The VH parameters and VHISS 3 months after IJVs PVA significantly decreased: the VH parameters −32.1% and the VHISS −33.8% ( p < 0.001). The EDSS score 3 months after IJVs PVA was significantly lower than the baseline (−5.5%, p < 0.001). Using the median value of the VHISS variation as the cut-off, we were able to identify two groups of patients: responders, group A; and non-responders, group B. The EDSS score variation at 3 months was 0.310 in group A and 0.275 in group B ( p = 0.746). Conclusions CCSVI endovascular treatment can induce an improvement in VH parameters and the VHISS. The neurological disability score (EDSS) also improved after PVA; however, there was no correlation to the VHISS variation after PVA, MS type and duration.
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Scholkmann, Felix. "Exposure to High-Frequency Sound and Ultrasound in Public Places: Examples from Zurich, Switzerland." Acoustics 1, no. 4 (October 18, 2019): 816–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics1040048.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The public is unknowingly exposed to very high-frequency sound (VHFS; 11.2–17.8 kHz) and ultrasound (US; >17.8 kHz) signals in air in public places, as evidenced by previously published reports. The present report provides evidence for the presence of VHFS/US signals in the air at public places in Zurich, Switzerland. The analysis of the signals measured revealed that they: (i) contain one, two or multiple frequencies; (ii) comprise frequencies ranged from 15.5 kHz to 36.0 kHz; (iii) were either quasi constant in their amplitude or exhibit a clear amplitude modulation; and (iv) were in their characteristics (frequencies, modulation, intensity) specific for each place. Based on the signal characteristic it is likely that the signals are generated by public-address voice-alarm (PAVA) systems. The work presented: (i) documents the presence of VHFS/US signals at public places in Zurich, possibly caused by PAVA systems; and should (ii) show that is easily possibly to measure the signals with an affordable measurement equipment as a “citizen scientist”, and stimulate others also to measure and analyse VHFS/US signals with this citizen scientist approach in other cities worldwide. Due to the possible negative health-related effects of a human exposure to VHFS/US signals, further research is needed to document VHFS/US signals at public places and to evaluate biological effects of this exposure with laboratory studies.
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Wozniak, David M., Kerry J. Lavender, Joseph Prescott, and Jessica R. Spengler. "The Utility of Human Immune System Mice for High-Containment Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Research." Vaccines 8, no. 1 (February 22, 2020): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8010098.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Human immune system (HIS) mice are a subset of humanized mice that are generated by xenoengraftment of human immune cells or tissues and/or their progenitors into immunodeficient mice. Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) cause severe disease in humans, typically with high case fatality rates. HIS mouse studies have been performed to investigate the pathogenesis and immune responses to VHFs that must be handled in high-containment laboratory facilities. Here, we summarize studies on filoviruses, nairoviruses, phenuiviruses, and hantaviruses, and discuss the knowledge gained from using various HIS mouse models. Furthermore, we discuss the complexities of designing and interpreting studies utilizing HIS mice while highlighting additional questions about VHFs that can still be addressed using HIS mouse models.
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MacDermott, Nathalie E., Surjo De, and Jethro A. Herberg. "Viral haemorrhagic fever in children." Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 5 (January 19, 2016): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-307861.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are currently at the forefront of the world's attention due to the recent Zaire ebolavirus epidemic in West Africa. This epidemic has highlighted the frailty of the world's public health response mechanisms and demonstrated the potential risks to nations around the world of imported cases of epidemic diseases. While imported cases in children are less likely, the potential for such a scenario remains. It is therefore essential that paediatricians are aware of and prepared for potential imported cases of tropical diseases, VHFs being of particular importance due to their propensity to cause nosocomial spread. Examining the four families of viruses—Filoviridae, Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae and Flaviviridae, we describe the different types of VHFs, with emphasis on differentiation from other diseases through detailed history-taking, their presentation and management from a paediatric perspective.
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Dusé, Adriano G. "Infection control aspects of viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHFs)." Journal of Infection 44, no. 2 (March 2002): 104–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(02)90272-0.
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Kieu, Thi Tuyet Mai, Hong Nhung Trinh, Huy Tuan Kiet Pham, Thanh Binh Nguyen, and Junice Yi Siu Ng. "Direct non-medical and indirect costs of diabetes and its associated complications in Vietnam: an estimation using national health insurance claims from a cross-sectional survey." BMJ Open 10, no. 3 (March 2020): e032303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032303.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ObjectiveThe prevalence of diabetes in Vietnam has increased from 2.5% in 2007 to 5.5% in 2017, but the burden of direct non-medical and indirect costs is unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate the direct non-medical costs and indirect costs due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications among Vietnam Health Insurance System (VHIS) enrollees in Vietnam.DesignThe first phase was a cross-sectional survey of patients with T2DM. In the second phase, data from the previous phase were used to predict direct non-medical costs and presenteeism costs of VHIS enrollees diagnosed with T2DM based on demographic and clinical characteristics in 2017. The human-capital approach was used for the calculation of indirect costs.Setting and participantsThis study recruited 315 patients from a national hospital, a provincial hospital and a district hospital aged 18 or above, diagnosed with T2DM, enrolled in VHIS, and having at least one visit to hospitals between 1 June and 30 July 2018. The VHIS dataset contained 1,395,204 patients with T2DM.Outcome measuresThe direct non-medical costs and presenteeism were collected from the survey. Absenteeism costs were estimated from the VHIS database. Costs of premature mortality were calculated based on the estimates from secondary sources.ResultsThe total direct non-medical and indirect costs were US$239 million in 2017. Direct non-medical costs were US$78 million, whereas indirect costs were US$161 million. Costs of absenteeism, presenteeism and premature mortality corresponded to 17%, 73% and 10% of the indirect costs. Patients incurred annual mean direct non-medical costs of US$56. Annual mean absenteeism and presenteeism costs for patients in working age were US$61 and US$267, respectively.ConclusionsThe impact of T2DM on direct non-medical and indirect costs on diabetes is substantial. Direct non-medical and absenteeism costs were higher in patients with complications.
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Opara, Nnennaya U., Ugochinyere I. Nwagbara, and Khumbulani W. Hlongwana. "The COVID-19 Impact on the Trends in Yellow Fever and Lassa Fever Infections in Nigeria." Infectious Disease Reports 14, no. 6 (November 21, 2022): 932–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/idr14060091.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lassa fever (LF) and yellow fever (YF) belong to a group of viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs). These viruses have common features and damages the organs and blood vessels; they also impair the body’s homeostasis. Some VHFs cause mild disease, while some cause severe disease and death such as in the case of Ebola or Marburg. LF virus and YF virus are two of the most recent emerging viruses in Africa, resulting in severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. Lassa fever virus is continuously on the rise both in Nigeria and neighboring countries in West Africa, with an estimate of over 500,000 cases of LF, and 5000 deaths, annually. YF virus is endemic in temperate climate regions of Africa, Central America (Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador), and South America (such as Brazil, Argentina, Peru, and Chile) with an annual estimated cases of 200,000 and 30,000 deaths globally. This review examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the trend in epidemiology of these two VHFs to delineate responses that are associated with protective or pathogenic outcomes.
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Belhadi, Drifa, Majda El Baied, Guillaume Mulier, Denis Malvy, France Mentré, and Cédric Laouénan. "The number of cases, mortality and treatments of viral hemorrhagic fevers: A systematic review." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 10 (October 31, 2022): e0010889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010889.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are a group of diseases, which can be endemo-epidemic in some areas of the world. Most of them are characterized by outbreaks, which, occur irregularly and are hard to predict. Innovative medical countermeasures are to be evaluated but due to the field specificities of emerging VHF, challenges arise when implementing clinical studies. To assess the state of the art around VHFs, we conducted a systematic review for all reports and clinical studies that included specific results on number of cases, mortality and treatment of VHFs. Methods The search was conducted in January 2020 based on PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42020167306). We searched reports on the WHO and CDC websites, and publications in three international databases (MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL). Following the study selection process, qualitative and quantitative data were extracted from each included study. A narrative synthesis approach by each VHF was used. Descriptive statistics were conducted including world maps of cases number and case fatality rates (CFR); summary tables by VHF, country, time period and treatment studies. Results We identified 141 WHO/CDC reports and 126 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies were published after 2010 (n = 97 for WHO/CDC reports and n = 93 for publications) and reported number of cases and/or CFRs (n = 141 WHO/CDC reports and n = 88 publications). Results varied greatly depending on the outbreak or cluster and across countries within each VHF. A total of 90 studies focused on Ebola virus disease (EVD). EVD outbreaks were reported in Africa, where Sierra Leone (14,124 cases; CFR = 28%) and Liberia (10,678 cases; CFR = 45%) reported the highest cases numbers, mainly due to the 2014–2016 western Africa outbreak. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) outbreaks were reported from 31 studies in Africa, Asia and Europe, where Turkey reported the highest cases number (6,538 cases; CFR = 5%) and Afghanistan the last outbreak in 2016/18 (293 cases; CFR = 43%). Regarding the 38 studies reporting results on treatments, most of them were non-randomized studies (mainly retrospective or non-randomized comparative studies), and only 10 studies were randomized controlled trials. For several VHFs, no specific investigational therapeutic option with strong proof of effectiveness on mortality was identified. Conclusion We observed that number of cases and CFR varied greatly across VHFs as well as across countries within each VHF. The number of studies on VHF treatments was very limited with very few randomized trials and no strong proof of effectiveness of treatment against most of the VHFs. Therefore, there is a high need of methodologically strong clinical trials conducted in the context of VHF.
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Zhang, Shuo, Wei Wu, Jing Qu, Quanfu Zhang, Chuan Li, Jiandong Li, Cong Jin, Mifang Liang, and Dexin Li. "Simultaneous detection of IgG antibodies associated with viral hemorrhagic fever by a multiplexed luminex-based immunoassay (TECH1P.855)." Journal of Immunology 192, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2014): 69.23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.69.23.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) are worldwide diseases caused by several kinds of viruses. With the emergence of new viruses, advanced diagnostic methods are urgently needed for identification of VHFs. Based on Luminex xMAP technology, a rapid, sensitive, multi-pathogen and high-throughput method which could simultaneously detect hemorrhagic fever viruses (HFVs) specific IgG antibodies was developed. Recombinant antigens of nine HFVs were produced and purified from a prokaryotic expression system and the influence of the coupling amount was investigated. Cross-reactions among antigens and their rabbit immune sera were evaluated. Serum samples collected from 51 laboratory confirmed hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) patients, 43 confirmed SFTS patients and 88 healthy donors were analyzed. Results showed that recombinant nucleocapsid protein of the five viruses belonging to the genus Hantavirus, had serological cross-reactivity with their corresponding rabbit immune sera, but not apparent with immune sera of other four viruses. Evaluation of this new method with clinical serum samples showed 98.04% diagnostic sensitivity for HFRS, 90.70% for SFTS detection and the specificity was ranging from 66.67% to 100.00%. The multiplexed luminex-based immunoassay has firstly been established in our study, which provides a potentially reliable diagnostic tool for IgG antibody detection of VHFs. Corresponding author: Prof. Dr. Dexin Li; Email: lidx@chinacdc.cn
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Campos, Ricardo, and Ágata Sequeira. "Entre VHILS e os Jerónimos: arte urbana de Lisboa enquanto objeto turístico." Horizontes Antropológicos 25, no. 55 (December 2019): 119–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-71832019000300005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Resumo Diversas cidades têm incluído a arte urbana como parte das suas estratégias de promoção e planeamento turístico. Este facto deriva de uma gradual valorização social e legitimação institucional deste tipo de expressões estéticas presentes no espaço público. Em muitas cidades deparamo-nos, hoje, com processos de turistificação da arte urbana, uma dinâmica que está dependente de um conjunto de atores sociais. A turistificação da arte urbana tem consequências, não só ao nível da constituição da oferta turística da cidade, mas também ao nível das relações e interações que se estabelecem entre operadores e guias, turistas, artistas, instituições e comunidades locais. Com este artigo pretendemos refletir sobre a articulação entre a arte urbana e o sector turístico, partindo de um conjunto de dados preliminares de natureza qualitativa recolhidos no âmbito de um projeto em curso sobre arte urbana em Lisboa.
Дисертації з теми "VHIFs"
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Kaleem, Faisal. "VHITS: Vertical Handoff Initiation and Target Selection in a Heterogeneous Wireless Network." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/602.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Global connectivity, for anyone, at anyplace, at anytime, to provide high-speed, high-quality, and reliable communication channels for mobile devices, is now becoming a reality. The credit mainly goes to the recent technological advances in wireless communications comprised of a wide range of technologies, services, and applications to fulfill the particular needs of end-users in different deployment scenarios (Wi-Fi, WiMAX, and 3G/4G cellular systems). In such a heterogeneous wireless environment, one of the key ingredients to provide efficient ubiquitous computing with guaranteed quality and continuity of service is the design of intelligent handoff algorithms.
Traditional single-metric handoff decision algorithms, such as Received Signal Strength (RSS) based, are not efficient and intelligent enough to minimize the number of unnecessary handoffs, decision delays, and call-dropping and/or blocking probabilities.
This research presented a novel approach for the design and implementation of a multi-criteria vertical handoff algorithm for heterogeneous wireless networks. Several parallel Fuzzy Logic Controllers were utilized in combination with different types of ranking algorithms and metric weighting schemes to implement two major modules: the first module estimated the necessity of handoff, and the other module was developed to select the best network as the target of handoff.
Simulations based on different traffic classes, utilizing various types of wireless networks were carried out by implementing a wireless test-bed inspired by the concept of Rudimentary Network Emulator (RUNE).
Simulation results indicated that the proposed scheme provided better performance in terms of minimizing the unnecessary handoffs, call dropping, and call blocking and handoff blocking probabilities. When subjected to Conversational traffic and compared against the RSS-based reference algorithm, the proposed scheme, utilizing the FTOPSIS ranking algorithm, was able to reduce the average outage probability of MSs moving with high speeds by 17%, new call blocking probability by 22%, the handoff blocking probability by 16%, and the average handoff rate by 40%. The significant reduction in the resulted handoff rate provides MS with efficient power consumption, and more available battery life. These percentages indicated a higher probability of guaranteed session continuity and quality of the currently utilized service, resulting in higher user satisfaction levels.
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Pinto, Sampaio Gomes Douglas. "Vegetation High-Impedance Fault Detection and Characterization using Machine Learning." Thesis, 2020. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/41839/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Vegetation High-Impedance Faults (VHIFs) are relevant and under-addressed power dis- tribution system disturbances. They are low-energy events, represented by the contact between power lines and nearby vegetation, that are not detected by traditional protection devices. Despite not harmful to power equipment, they can ignite fires in vegetation with great potential to life and property damage. After devastating HIF-related fires in 2009, the Victorian Government found the lack of technical solutions to prevent similar disasters and funded a vegetation ignition testing program to foster further research. It staged hundreds of VHIFs that generated the data pertained to this thesis.
In the related literature, High-Impedance Faults (HIFs) comprise an extensive research field, but few works are solely dedicated to studying VHIFs. Although generally treated as a single problem, different high-impedance conducting surfaces introduce significant variance in faults’ characteristics and behaviours. For these reasons, the staged VHIFs recordings represent a niche type of faults having specific behaviours with significant potential for insights regarding phenomenon characterization.
The main contributions from this thesis result from using the staged VHIF data to address the knowledge gaps related to its characterization and detection method. Initial investigations presented the likely presence of discriminative features in the signals’ high- frequency (HF) spectrum. The results gave confidence for the production of a machine learning-based VHIF classifier, conceptualized and discussed as part of a potential detection method. Subsequently, the existence of discriminative information and invariance in the HF signals was proved with the application of renowned signal representation techniques and machine learning algorithms. A study regarding the importance of using HF signals was also performed to support the chosen approach when conceptualizing the classifier. It led to the finding that although the accessibility of such signals might be not optimal, they may be imperative for an effective VHIF detection method. To deflate some of the potential implementation concerns, a low-cost, proof-of-concept prototype was produced, attesting the capabilities of real-time classification. Lastly, an unsupervised learning technique was used to capture some of the convoluted and complex fault signatures in the time domain. The found patterns led to insights about VHIF behaviour and signatures signals that resulted in more detailed phenomena characterization.
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Forte, Margarida Isabel de Azevedo Costa. "A marca e o artista : o caso de Alexandre Farto aka Vhils." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/32920.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As indústrias criativas, os novos meios de comunicação, a arte e a gestão são temas que se cruzam no panorama actual, esbatendo as fronteiras entre o mundo empresarial e a atividade artística, assemelhando-se a uma tendência contemporânea de cariz publicitário e consumista. Esta dissertação resulta de uma investigação baseada num estudo de caso que procurou analisar a visibilidade associada ao artista Alexandre Farto aka Vhils, de modo a perceber a forma como a marca de um artista é produzida, gerida e difundida, adoptando assim uma perspectiva que recorre a noções e práticas do marketing. A investigação foi conduzida através de uma metodologia qualitativa, com auxílio de entrevistas. Procurou-se caracterizar os instrumentos e os recursos de atuação do artista, o seu posicionamento na esfera pública e as estratégias comerciais utilizadas. Neste sentido, foi possível sistematizar o conhecimento sobre um caso português e explorar o diálogo entre os universos da arte e da publicidade e a passagem do estatuto de artista/produtor a artista/produto. Conclui-se que, sobretudo através da criação de um posicionamento estratégico forte, é possível estabelecer e legitimar um estatuto de artista/marca.The creative industries, New Media, arts and management are all themes that have been converging and intersecting lately, thus opening up the boundaries between the business world and the artistic activity which often found itself in conflict before, but in this new dawn orientating itself and organizing to become the other. This dissertation results from an investigation based on the case study that seeks to analyze the associated visibility of the artist Alexandre Farto aka Vhils, in order to understand how an artist's brand is displayed, managed and disseminated, adopting a resource and efficiency perspective and becoming not only acquainted with the notions and practices of marketing but creating new frontiers. The research was conducted through a qualitative methodology, with the help of interviews. The investigation then proceeded to characterize the instruments and performance resources of the artist, his position in the public sphere and the commercial strategies that were used to further his influence/art/product. In this sense, it was possible to systematize the knowledge of a case in Portugal and explore the dialogue between the universes of art and advertising and the passage of artist / producer status of an artist / product. In conclusion, mainly by creating a strong strategic positioning, it is possible to establish a legitimate artist/brand status which now can be used interchangeably.
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Matos, Joana. "Vhils: ruas com rosto: estudo de caso sobre o percurso artístico de Alexandre Farto." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/45450.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This work, in the context of the Art Sciences and focusing on a case study of the artistic practice of Alexandre Farto, also known as Vhils, has the following research objectives: a) to understand the continuous presence and role of portrait in interventions created by Vhils, by analyzing its multiple dimensions as an aesthetic, a plastic, a social and a political modality; b) to analyze the connections between traditional imagery modalities, such as portrait and the new modalities explored in street art; c) to analyze the cleavages between the mainstream art and the outsider art of Alexandre Farto's work and career; d)
to identify the contributions of Vhils's work in public places so as to broaden the scope of street art. Starting from a visual imaginary of the art developed in the street, especially from the seventies onwards, in the twentieth century -, and covering issues related to space, artists and different expressions – at first, we intended to characterize the different dynamics of the graffiti and street art manifestations, and then, to contextualize and analyze the interventions of the artist Vhils, by giving a greater emphasis to the work developed in the urban space. Outside the institutionalized space, art submits to its own system of appreciation, differing from that which the works of art exhibited in museums and galleries are subjected to, which can be seen as a strategy to make reality and the public come closer, and which is characterized by the relationship between the work and the place, inevitably leading to a fusion between art and the social context, that integrates the public space and transforms the work of art. In this sense, we analyzed a set of Vhils’s artistic interventions where this relationship with the community is closer and whose dynamics involves the participation and / or collaboration of these individuals in the artistic processes.
The city is seen by the artist as something ephemeral and transitory that has long since ceased to be stable, and where everything seems to happen simultaneously. Taking this reality into account, we analyze how Vhils reflects on this urban environment that influences the community in the formation of its individual and collective identity.
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Santos, Francisco Manuel Plácido Gonçalves dos Santos 1991. "Graffiti e arquitectura : intervenções no espaço e na memória da cidade." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11067/2266.
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Arquitectura, Universidade Lusíada de Lisboa, 2015Exame público realizado em 8 de Julho de 2015
A noção de Lugar impõe-se como factor determinante na acção do arquitecto. O lugar é entendido como uma entidade fenomenológica pela qual se origina o processo de projectar. É a reflexão incessante do autor nas características marcantes de um sítio na procura de um lugar. A arquitectura, ao ser edificada, é a manifestação material da teoria tornada em prática. As cidades resultam de uma sobreposição de camadas de tempos e épocas passadas. Um palimpsesto vivo, no qual o tecido urbano vai sendo moldado, pela história passada e também pela presente. Memórias criadas que são fundamentais para a construção de uma identidade e de uma imagem de uma cidade. A arte surge como resposta ao viver moderno. A street art e nomeadamente o graffiti, afiguram-se como um modo de intervir e de lidar com a cidade, alterando a percepção espacial e visual desta. Assentes na relação estabelecida entre a arquitectura e a paisagem que esta edifica, o graffiti é como paradigma, uma reflexão sobre a cidade moderna.
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Le, Roux C. A. (Chantel Anne). "Real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of Rift Valley fever virus." Diss., 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28948.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Rift Valley fever (RVF) belongs to the group of viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHFs), most of which are zoonotic diseases causing outbreaks in animals and humans all over Africa. In the absence of haemorrhagic or specific organ manifestations, these diseases are clinically difficult to diagnose. Rapid laboratory confirmation of cases is therefore essential for timely execution of supportive treatment, appropriate case management, infection control, and tracing of contacts. Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), a mosquito-borne pathogen, is responsible for high mortality rates and abortion in domestic ruminants, resulting in significant socio-economic losses. Furthermore, the virus is potentially infectious by aerosol, can replicate in a wide range of mosquito species and poses a bioweapon threat. The recent spread of the virus outside of the African continent, demonstrates its ability to move northwards to RVF free regions, e.g. to Europe and Northern America. Such fears fuel the international demand for reliable and validated diagnostic tools for rapid diagnosis of RVF. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and accurate molecular tool for the detection of RVFV. A real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay (LAMP) targeting the L segment of RVFV, was developed and evaluated. The assay proved to be highly specific and able to detect RVFV strains representing the genetic spectrum of the virus. Furthermore, the assay did not amplify the RNA of other genetically and antigenically related phleboviruses. The sensitivity of the assay was compared to that of a previously published TaqMan RTD-PCR protocol and found to be equal. Similarly, the assay demonstrated very high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in various clinical human and animal specimens, collected during natural outbreaks of the disease in Africa. The detection of specific viral genome targets in positive clinical specimens was achieved in less than 30 minutes. As a highly accurate, rapid and very simple nucleic acid detection format, the RT-LAMP assay has the potential to be used in less well equipped laboratories in Africa. The assay format can be adapted to a portable device that can be utilized during RVF outbreaks in remote areas, and can be a valuable tool for differential diagnosis of VHFs.Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Microbiology and Plant Pathology
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Книги з теми "VHIFs"
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Dunne, Colm. VHI's corporate identity: Perceptions of VHI members. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1995.
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Mesquita, Emersom C., and Fernando A. Bozza. Diagnosis and management of viral haemorrhagic fevers in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0293.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In a globalized scenario where widespread international travel allows viral agents to migrate from endemic to non-endemic areas, health care providers and critical care specialists must be able to readily recognize a suspected case of viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF). Early suspicion is pivotal for improving patient outcome and to ensure that appropriate biosafety measures be applied. VHFs are acute febrile illnesses marked by coagulation disorders and organ specific syndromes. VHFs represent a great medical challenge because diseases are associated with a high mortality rate and many VHFs have the potential for person-to-person transmission (Filoviruses, Arenavioruses, and Bunyaviroses). Dengue is the most frequent haemorrhagic viral disease and re-emergent infection in the world and, due to its public health relevance, severe dengue will receive special attention in this chapter. The diagnosis of VHFs is made by detecting specific antibodies, viral antigens (ELISA) and viral nucleic acid (RT-PCR) on blood samples. Supportive care is the cornerstone in the treatment of VHFs. Ribavirin should be started as soon as a case of VHF is suspected and discontinued if a diagnosis of Filovirus or Flavivirus infection is established. Adjunctive antimicrobial therapy is usually implemented to treat co-existing or secondary infections. Antimalarial treatment should also be initiated if a malaria test (thick blood films) is not quickly available and/or reliable and patients travel history is compatible. It is always recommended to apply appropriate biosafety measures and notify local infection control unit and state and national authorities.
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Знайти повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "VHIFs"
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Bausch, Daniel G. "Viral hemorrhagic fevers." In Schlossberg's Clinical Infectious Disease, edited by Cheston B. Cunha, 1240–54. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190888367.003.0193.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter discusses viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF), a group of acute systemic illnesses that classically involve fever, a constellation of initially nonspecific signs and symptoms, and a propensity for bleeding and shock. VHFs are caused by small, single-stranded, lipid-enveloped RNA viruses from four families: Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Filoviridae, and Flaviviridae. Because the hemorrhagic fever viruses are zoonotic, a reservoir is constantly maintained in nature in mammals. The endemic area of any given VHF is restricted by the distribution of its natural reservoir and/or its arthropod vector, although the distribution of any virus is often less vast than that of its reservoir. Infection with a VHF is usually the result of inadvertent inoculation of virus-contaminated excreta into mucous membranes or broken skin, or through mosquito or tick bites.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "VHIFs"
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Bretas, Thales Lage Bicalho, Maria Claudia Almeida Issa, Susana Cristina Aide Viviani Fialho, Enoi Aparecida Guedes Villar, and Luis Guillermo Coca Velarde. "Laser de dióxido de carbono fracionado no tratamento da síndrome geniturinária da menopausa." In 45º Congresso da SGORJ XXIV Trocando Ideias. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/jbg-0368-1416-20211311045.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introdução: Síndrome Geniturinária da Menopausa (SGM) é um conjunto de sinais e sintomas geniturinários que afeta mais da metade das mulheres na senescência, cujo tratamento envolve uso contínuo de terapia hormonal e/ou lubrificantes e hidratantes vaginais. No entanto, esses tratamentos têm baixa adesão, seja pela necessidade de uso regular, seja pela contraindicação de hormônios. O uso do laser de CO2 vaginal tem sido aventado como tratamento alternativo com baixo índice de efeitos adversos ou contraindicações, mas faltam substratos que endossem seu uso, como a correlação clínica com histologia e imuno-histoquímica (IHQ). Objetivo: Confirmar a eficácia do laser de CO2 no tratamento da SGM; esclarecer provável mecanismo de ação, correlacionando a melhora clínica às alterações microscópicas encontradas; e investigar efeitos adversos. Materiais e métodos: Quatorze mulheres com SGM e sexualmente ativas foram investigadas. Aplicaram-se questionários de função sexual (Female Sexual Function Index - FSFI) e incontinência urinária (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form - ICIQ-SF) antes e um mês após o término do protocolo de tratamento, constituído de três sessões do laser de CO2 com intervalo médio de 30 dias. Nesses dois momentos foram realizados exames especulares ginecológicos com avaliação clínica pelo índice de saúde vaginal (VHIS), análise do pH e biópsia da parede vaginal. O material foi avaliado nas técnicas hematoxilina/eosina (HE), ácido periódico de Schiff (PAS), picrosirius, orceína e IHQ para colágenos I e III. Efeitos colaterais e segurança foram investigados. Resultados: Após o tratamento, houve melhora significativa no FSFI (de 12,36±10,74 para 18,82±11,87, p<0,01), no ICIQ-SF (de 11,50±6,52 para 4,77±6,04, p<0,01) e no VHIS das pacientes (de 13,14±2,77 para 17,42±3,14, p<0,01). Ao HE, observou-se aumento no número de camadas epiteliais totais (de 11,33±1,67 para 13,67±1,49, p=0,015) e superficiais (de 1,39±0,84 para 3,25±1,41, p=0,01). O PAS não mostrou aumento no número de camadas de células epiteliais ricas em glicogênio, mas houve melhor distribuição em camadas mais superficiais após o tratamento. À análise do picrosirius, houve aumento de fibras colágenas do tipo III (de 10.86±7,66 para 16.87±3,96, p<0,05) e diminuição na proporção de fibras tipo I (de 68.29±9,57 para 61,4±7,66, p<0,05). Além disso, as fibras colágenas sofreram um rearranjo estrutural, tornando-se mais finas, homogêneas e paralelamente distribuídas. Não houve diferença na contagem das fibras elásticas. A IHQ confirmou apenas o aumento do colágeno III (de 26±8,98 para 36,05±5,8, p<0,01), com diminuição da proporção de colágeno I:III (de 1,85±0,43 para 1,26±0,14, p=0,001). Conclusão: A eficácia do laser de CO2 Femilift® no tratamento da SGM pode estar relacionada à renovação epitelial e ao remodelamento do tecido conjuntivo que ele promove, com reversão da atrofia vaginal e neocolagênese. A segurança pôde ser inferida pela ausência de efeitos adversos graves.