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Статті в журналах з теми "Wave impact"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 1 лютого 2022

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1

Takagi, Emiko, Yasuhiko Saito, and Angelique W. M. Chan. "A Longitudinal Study of the Impact of Loneliness on Personal Mastery Among Older Adults in Singapore." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1017.

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Abstract This study uses longitudinal data to examine the association between older adults’ sense of mastery and loneliness. We examined the data of a nationally representative sample of adults 60 years and older in Singapore (Wave1, n=4,990) from the Panel of Health and Aging among Older Singaporeans Survey. The initial participants were followed up in 2011 (Wave2, n=3,103) and in 2015 (Wave3, n=1,572). At each wave, emotional loneliness was assessed using the UCLA three-item loneliness scale and sense of mastery was measured with the five items from the Pearlin Mastery Scale. We conducted cr

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2

Verao Fernandez, Gael, Vasiliki Stratigaki, Panagiotis Vasarmidis, Philip Balitsky, and Peter Troch. "Wake Effect Assessment in Long- and Short-Crested Seas of Heaving-Point Absorber and Oscillating Wave Surge WEC Arrays." Water 11, no. 6 (May 29, 2019): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11061126.

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In the recent years, the potential impact of wave energy converter (WEC) arrays on the surrounding wave field has been studied using both phase-averaging and phase-resolving wave propagation models. Obtaining understanding of this impact is important because it may affect other users in the sea or on the coastline. However, in these models a parametrization of the WEC power absorption is often adopted. This may lead to an overestimation or underestimation of the overall WEC array power absorption, and thus to an unrealistic estimation of the potential WEC array impact. WEC array power absorpti

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3

Grilli, Stephan T., Jeffrey C. Harris, Fengyan Shi, James T. Kirby, Tayebeh S. Tajalli Bakhsh, Elise Estibals, and Babak Tehranirad. "NUMERICAL MODELING OF COASTAL TSUNAMI IMPACT DISSIPATION AND IMPACT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 15, 2012): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.9.

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Recent observations of the coastal impact of large tsunamis (e.g., Indian Ocean 2004; Tohoku 2011) and related numerical and theoretical works have made it increasingly clear that tsunami waves arrive nearshore as a series of long waves (so-called N-waves) with, often, the superposition of undular bores around each crest. Such wave trains are much more complex and very much in contrast with the solitary wave paradigm which for a long time was the accepted idealization of tsunami waves in both experimental and numerical work. The dissipation associated with these breaking bores can be very larg

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4

Li, Zhisong, Kirti Ghia, Ye Li, Zhun Fan, and Lian Shen. "Unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes investigation of free surface wave impact on tidal turbine wake." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 477, no. 2246 (February 2021): 20200703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2020.0703.

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Tidal current is a promising renewable energy source. Previous studies have investigated the influence of surface waves on tidal turbines in many aspects. However, the turbine wake development in a surface wave environment, which is crucial for power extraction in a turbine array, remains elusive. In this study, we focus on the wake evolution behind a single turbine and its interaction with surface waves. A numerical solver is developed to study the effects of surface waves on an industrial-size turbine. A case without surface wave and two cases with waves and different rotor depths are invest

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5

Gonzalez-Santamaria, Raul, Qingping Zou, Shunqi Pan, and Roberto Padilla-Hernandez. "MODELLING WAVE-TIDE INTERACTIONS AT A WAVE FARM." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 27, 2011): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.waves.34.

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The Wave Hub project will create the world’s largest wave farm off the coast of Cornwall, Southwest England. This study is to investigate wave and tide interactions, in particular their effects on bottom friction and sediment transport at the wave-farm coast. This is an ambitious project research which includes the use of a very complex numerical modelling system. The main question to answer is how waves, tidal currents and winds affect the bottom friction at the Wave Hub site and the near-shore zone, as well as their impact on the sediment transport. Results show that tidal elevation and tida

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6

Kerpen, Nils, Talia Schoonees, and Torsten Schlurmann. "Wave Impact Pressures on Stepped Revetments." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 6, no. 4 (December 13, 2018): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse6040156.

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The wave impacts on horizontal and vertical step fronts of stepped revetments is investigated by means of hydraulic model tests conducted with wave spectra in a wave flume. Wave impacts on revetments with relative step heights of 0.3 < Hm0/Sh < 3.5 and a constant slope of 1:2 are analyzed with respect to (1) the probability distribution of the impacts, (2) the time evolution of impacts including a classification of load cases, and (3) a special distribution of the position of the maximum impact. The validity of the approved log-normal probability distribution for the largest wave impacts

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7

Rodriguez Gandara, Ruben, and John Harris. "NEARSHORE WAVE DAMPING DUE TO THE EFFECT ON WINDS IN RESPONSE TO OFFSHORE WIND FARMS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 25, 2012): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.waves.55.

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Despite the progress that has been made in modeling wind wake interaction between turbines in offshore wind farms, only a handful of studies have quantified the impact of wind turbines or wave farms upon surface waves, and there are even less articles about the wave blockage induced by the whole array of turbines upon wind waves. This hypothetical case study proposes a methodology that takes into account the combined effect of wind wake and wave blockage on wind waves when transforming offshore waves to nearshore in an offshore wind farm scenario.

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8

Shimura, Tomoya, Nobuhito Mori, Tomohiro Yasuda, and Hajime Mase. "WAVE DYNAMICS AND ITS IMPACT TO WAVE CLIMATE PROJECTION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 25, 2012): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.24.

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Impacts and adaptations of climate change have been studied in various fields. In order to assess the impacts of climate change on coastal areas, it is necessary to evaluate how wave change due to climate changes. Projections of global wave climate have been carried out by some research groups for next IPCC report. Projection of wave climate contains uncertainties, such as scenario uncertainty, GCM uncertainty and wave model uncertainty. Impacts and adaptations of climate change have been studied in various fields. In order to assess the impacts of climate change on coastal areas, it is necess

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9

Mu, Ping, Pingyi Wang, Linfeng Han, Meili Wang, Caixia Meng, Zhiyou Cheng, and Haiyong Xu. "The Propagation of Landslide-Generated Impulse Waves and Their Impacts on the Moored Ships: An Experimental Investigation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (May 12, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6396379.

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The effective prevention and reduction of the hazardous impact of landslide-generated impulse waves on the moored ships are crucial for the sustainable operation of the reservoirs. Although the investigations of landslide-generated impulse waves have been widely studied in the past decades, few efforts involved their impacts on the moored ships. The authors in this paper specifically examine the hazardous impact of the impulse waves on the moored ships by applying the physical experiments. Considering that the impulse wave was an external force acting on the mooring line, the impulse wave gene

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10

Lindt, John W. van de, Rakesh Gupta, Daniel T. Cox, and Jebediah S. Wilson. "Wave Impact Study on a Residential Building." Journal of Disaster Research 4, no. 6 (December 1, 2009): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2009.p0419.

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Recent natural disasters around the world including both tsunamis and hurricanes, have highlighted the inability of wood buildings to withstand wave and surge loading during these extreme events. Little is known about the interaction between coastal residential light-frame wood buildings and wave and surge loading because often little is left of the buildings. This leaves minimal opportunity for forensic investigations. This paper summarizes the results of a study whose objective was to begin to better understand the interaction between North American style residential structures and wave load

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11

Lavroff, J., M. R. Davis, D. S. Holloway, G. A. Thomas, and J. J. McVicar. "Wave impact loads on wave-piercing catamarans." Ocean Engineering 131 (February 2017): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.11.015.

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12

Didenkulova, I., and A. Rodin. "A typical wave wake from high-speed vessels: its group structure and run-up." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 20, no. 1 (February 26, 2013): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-20-179-2013.

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Abstract. High-amplitude water waves induced by high-speed vessels are regularly observed in Tallinn Bay, the Baltic Sea, causing intense beach erosion and disturbing marine habitants in the coastal zone. Such a strong impact on the coast may be a result of a certain group structure of the wave wake. In order to understand it, here we present an experimental study of the group structure of these wakes at Pikakari beach, Tallinn Bay. The most energetic vessel waves at this location (100 m from the coast at the water depth 2.7 m) have amplitudes of about 1 m and periods of 8–10 s and cause maxim

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13

Wu, Lichuan, David Sproson, Erik Sahlée, and Anna Rutgersson. "Surface Wave Impact When Simulating Midlatitude Storm Development." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 34, no. 1 (January 2017): 233–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-16-0070.1.

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AbstractSurface gravity waves, present at the air–sea interface, can affect the momentum flux and heat fluxes by modifying turbulence in the lower layers of the atmosphere. How to incorporate wave impacts into model parameterizations is still an open issue. In this study, the influence of a dynamic roughness length (considering instantaneous wave-induced stress), horizontal resolution, and the coupling time resolution between waves and the atmosphere on storm simulations are investigated using sensitivity experiments. Based on the simulations of six midlatitude storms using both an atmosphere–

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14

Kida, S., and H. Kakishima. "IMPACT WAVE AND STRESS." Experimental Techniques 16, no. 2 (March 1992): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1992.tb01254.x.

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15

Wünnemann, K., and R. Weiss. "The meteorite impact-induced tsunami hazard." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373, no. 2053 (October 28, 2015): 20140381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0381.

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When a cosmic object strikes the Earth, it most probably falls into an ocean. Depending on the impact energy and the depth of the ocean, a large amount of water is displaced, forming a temporary crater in the water column. Large tsunami-like waves originate from the collapse of the cavity in the water and the ejecta splash. Because of the far-reaching destructive consequences of such waves, an oceanic impact has been suggested to be more severe than a similar-sized impact on land; in other words, oceanic impacts may punch over their weight. This review paper summarizes the process of impact-in

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16

Jiang, Qingfang, and Shouping Wang. "Impact of Gravity Waves on Marine Stratocumulus Variability." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 12 (December 1, 2012): 3633–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-12-0135.1.

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Abstract The impact of gravity waves on marine stratocumulus is investigated using a large-eddy simulation model initialized with sounding profiles composited from the Variability of American Monsoon Systems (VAMOS) Ocean–Cloud–Atmosphere–Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-Rex) aircraft measurements and forced by convergence or divergence that mimics mesoscale diurnal, semidiurnal, and quarter-diurnal waves. These simulations suggest that wave-induced vertical motion can dramatically modify the cloud albedo and morphology through nonlinear cloud–aerosol–precipitation–circulation–turbulence

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17

Schellin, Thomas E., and Ould el Moctar. "Numerical Prediction of Impact-Related Wave Loads on Ships." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 129, no. 1 (November 8, 2006): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2429695.

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We present a numerical procedure to predict impact-related wave-induced (slamming) loads on ships. The procedure was applied to predict slamming loads on two ships that feature a flared bow with a pronounced bulb, hull shapes typical of modern offshore supply vessels. The procedure used a chain of seakeeping codes. First, a linear Green function panel code computed ship responses in unit amplitude regular waves. Ship speed, wave frequency, and wave heading were systematically varied to cover all possible combinations likely to cause slamming. Regular design waves were selected on the basis of

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18

Buravova, S. N., I. S. Gordopolova, and E. V. Petrov. "FEATURES STRAIN LOCALISATION UNDER IMPACT LOADS." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 11(246) (November 26, 2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2020-11-246-64-68.

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The localization of plastic strain under impulse loads is determined by the sample geometry and is practically independent on the material properties. Deformation bands are a consequence of ultrasonic oscillations, which occurs when waves are reflected (compression and unloading) on the sample faces, and when the reflected waves interact with each other, and flows in the form of standing waves. Localized strain bands originate and develop at the nodes of standing waves under conditions of alternating deformation and are accompanied by mass transfer of particles from the matrix material (inters

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19

LIU, ZHANFANG, XIAOYONG SUN, and YUAN GUO. "ON ELASTIC STRESS WAVES IN AN IMPACTED PLATE." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 06, no. 04 (July 9, 2014): 1450047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825114500471.

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Elastic stress wave theory is developed and the stress waves in the impacted plate are examined in the paper. Generalized linear elasticity is adopted where the couple stress and curvature tensor are both deviatoric tensors and they meet a linear constitutive relation. It is found that there exist volumetric, rotational, and deviatoric waves in the generalized elastic solids. However, for macro-scale elastic solids only two wave modes, namely a volumetric wave and a deviatoric wave should be taken into account. Wave motion in plate impact tests is studied that a volumetric wave and a deviatori

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20

Aartsen, M. W. "MODEL STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF WAVES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 6 (January 29, 2011): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v6.45.

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The problem to be investigated is the structural strength of a sluice gate under the influence of wave attack. The gate was designed in view of the hydraulic forces in quasi permanent conditions The fact, however, that the gate is exposed to wave attack, necessitates an investigation of: 1) the transient forces due to impact, 2) the possibilities of modificating the shape of the gate in order to avoid, or at least to diminish, the chance on the occurrence of impacts. As the mechanism of wave attack is influenced by the hydrodynamic properties of the oncoming waves, the tests

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21

Freeman, Elizabeth, Kristen Splinter, and Ron Cox. "FLOATING BREAKWATERS AS PUBLIC PLATFORMS â€“ IMPACT ON POSTURAL STABILITY." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.structures.63.

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Floating Breakwaters are used extensively to provide cost effective protection from wind and vessel waves. Floating breakwaters are commonly multitasked, being used as a point of mooring for vessels or simply an access way to other pontoons in a small boat harbour, as well as their main function as wave dissipators. A floating breakwater does not completely stop the incident wave; rather it partially transmits, partially reflects and partially dissipates the wave energy. Cox et al (2007) completed wave flume testing of a number of floating breakwaters and reported on performance in irregular w

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22

Moideen, Rameeza, Manasa Ranjan Behera, Arun Kamath, and Hans Bihs. "NUMERICAL MODELLING OF SOLITARY AND FOCUSED WAVE FORCES ON COASTAL-BRIDGE DECK." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.structures.12.

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In the recent past, coastal bridges have been subjected to critical damage due to extreme wave attacks during natural calamities like storm surge and tsunami. Various numerical and experimental studies have suggested different empirical equations for wave impact on deck. However, they do not account the velocities of the wave type properly, which requires a detailed investigation to study the impact of extreme waves on decks. Solitary wave assumption is more suitable for shallow water waves, while the focused wave has been used widely to represent extreme waves. The present study aims to inves

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23

Radecki, Rafal, Wieslaw Jerzy Staszewski, and Tadeusz Uhl. "Impact of Changing Temperature on Lamb Wave Propagation for Damage Detection." Key Engineering Materials 588 (October 2013): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.588.140.

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Lamb waves are the most widely used guided ultrasonic waves for structural damage detection. One of the major problems associate with Lamb wave propagation is the effect of temperature on wave propagation parameters. It is important that these parameters are more sensitive to damage than to varying temperature. The paper demonstrates how amplitude and arrival time of Lamb waves are affected by temperature. The analysis is performed for the experimental data gathered from Lamb wave propagation in a damaged aluminium plate. A simple clustering algorithm is used to distinguish between "undamaged"

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24

Dao, M. H., H. Xu, E. S. Chan, and P. Tkalich. "Modelling of tsunami wave run-up, breaking and impact on vertical wall by SPH method." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 1, no. 3 (June 22, 2013): 2831–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-1-2831-2013.

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Abstract. Accurate predictions of wave run-up and run-down are important for coastal impact assessment of relatively long waves such as tsunami or storm waves. Wave run-up is, however, a complex process involving nonlinear build-up of the wave front, intensive wave breaking and strong turbulent flow, making the numerical approximation challenging. Recent advanced modeling methodologies could help to overcome these numerical challenges. For a demonstration, we study run-up of non-breaking and breaking solitary waves on vertical wall using two methods, the enhanced Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic

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25

Butt, Hafiz Sana Ullah, and Pu Xue. "Wave Dispersion and Attenuation in Viscoelastic Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar." Key Engineering Materials 535-536 (January 2013): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.535-536.547.

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The Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) is most commonly used facility to obtain material properties at high strain rates. Testing of soft materials using this method requires that bars made of low impedance material should be used, in order to improve signal-to-noise ratio of transmitted stress. However, utilization of such bars poses some difficulties in data processing as the wave dispersion and attenuation becomes noticeable due to their viscoelastic nature. Wave propagation coefficients of a viscoelastic pressure bar are evaluated using incident and reflected strain waves generated throug

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26

Rivolo, Simone, Lucas Hadjilucas, Matthew Sinclair, Pepijn van Horssen, Jeroen van den Wijngaard, Roman Wesolowski, Amedeo Chiribiri, Maria Siebes, Nicolas P. Smith, and Jack Lee. "Impact of coronary bifurcation morphology on wave propagation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 311, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): H855—H870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00130.2016.

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The branching pattern of the coronary vasculature is a key determinant of its function and plays a crucial role in shaping the pressure and velocity wave forms measured for clinical diagnosis. However, although multiple scaling laws have been proposed to characterize the branching pattern, the implications they have on wave propagation remain unassessed to date. To bridge this gap, we have developed a new theoretical framework by combining the mathematical formulation of scaling laws with the wave propagation theory in the pulsatile flow regime. This framework was then validated in multiple sp

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27

Dao, M. H., H. Xu, E. S. Chan, and P. Tkalich. "Modelling of tsunami-like wave run-up, breaking and impact on a vertical wall by SPH method." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 12 (December 23, 2013): 3457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-3457-2013.

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Abstract. Accurate predictions of wave run-up and run-down are important for coastal impact assessment of relatively long waves such as tsunami or storm waves. Wave run-up is, however, a complex process involving nonlinear build-up of the wave front, intensive wave breaking and strong turbulent flow, making the numerical approximation challenging. Recent advanced modelling methodologies could help to overcome these numerical challenges. For a demonstration, we study run-up of non-breaking and breaking solitary waves on a vertical wall using two methods, an enhanced smoothed particle hydrodynam

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28

Sharova, Vera, Igor Kantarzhi, and Tran Long Giang. "Impact Wave on Port Mole in during Construction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.299.

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During construction of port breakwater, especially if it is built from the sea, waves interact with the walls, having different finite lengths [3]. In this paper, tasks, connected with definition of wave loads on structure and scour near the structure on walls of finite length, are considered. To study these processes the special experiments have been carried [3, 8]. It were measured the wave loads on the walls of finite length and it was studied the formation of scour near the structure. A comparison was made of the experimental data with the existing analytical solutions and with experiments

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29

Duchemin, L., and N. Vandenberghe. "Impact dynamics for a floating elastic membrane." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 756 (September 3, 2014): 544–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.471.

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AbstractWe study impacts of a rigid body on a thin elastic sheet floating on a liquid. When struck by a solid object of small size, the elastic sheet deforms and waves propagate in and on the membrane. The impact triggers a longitudinal elastic wave effectively stretching the membrane. The hydroelastic transverse wave that propagates in the stretched domain is similar to capillary waves on a free surface with an equivalent ‘surface tension’ that results from the stretching of the elastic membrane. Two limiting cases, for which a self-similar solution can be computed, corresponding to short and

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30

Gruwez, Vincent, Ine Vandebeek, Dogan Kisacik, Maximilian Streicher, Corrado Altomare, Tomohiro Suzuki, Toon Verwaest, Andreas Kortenhaus, and Peter Troch. "2D OVERTOPPING AND IMPACT EXPERIMENTS IN SHALLOW FORESHORE CONDITIONS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.67.

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This paper introduces the 2D experiments conducted for the CREST project in the wave flume of Ghent University. The experiments focus on wave interactions with low-crested sea dikes fronted by a shallow foreshore and mildly to steeply sloping beaches, which is a very typical situation along the Belgian coast. Foreshore slopes of 1/20, 1/35, 1/50 and 1/80 were tested for a range of low to high energy wave conditions, a variation in wave steepness and two water levels. The main goal was to obtain a dataset in which the effects of the infragravity waves on the wave-structure interactions (i.e. wa

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31

KIM, Y. E., M. RABINOWITZ, Y. K. BAE, G. S. CHULICK, and R. A. RICE. "CLUSTER–IMPACT NUCLEAR FUSION: SHOCK–WAVE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS." Modern Physics Letters B 05, no. 14n15 (June 1991): 941–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984991001179.

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Cluster–impact nuclear fusion is analyzed via a shock–wave model. We show that shock waves can be generated by clusters. Energy loss mechanisms are considered, and the conditions when they are not negligible are determined. Our theoretical model indicates that shock–wave enhanced fusion temperatures are possible with molecular size clusters impacting upon hydrogen isotope targets, somewhat as envisioned by Winterberg and Harrison for macro–projectiles. Our theory explains and reproduces the yields from known target and cluster compositions, as a function of cluster size and energy. Predictions

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32

Peregrine, D. H. "WATER-WAVE IMPACT ON WALLS." Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 35, no. 1 (January 2003): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.35.101101.161153.

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33

Doyle, J. F. "IMPACT AND LONGITUDINAL WAVE PROPAGATION." Experimental Techniques 12, no. 1 (January 1988): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1988.tb02091.x.

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34

Baarholm, Rolf, and Odd M. Faltinsen. "Wave impact underneath horizontal decks." Journal of Marine Science and Technology 9, no. 1 (May 1, 2004): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00773-003-0164-4.

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35

Zhao, Enjin, Ke Qu, Lin Mu, Simon Kraatz, and Bing Shi. "Numerical Study on the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Submarine Pipelines under the Impact of Real-World Tsunami-Like Waves." Water 11, no. 2 (January 29, 2019): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11020221.

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Анотація:

Submarine pipelines have been extensively used for marine oil and gas extraction due to their high efficiency, safety, and low price. However, submarine pipelines are vulnerable to extreme waves (i.e., tsunami waves). Previous research has often used solitary waves as a basis for studying the impacts of tsunami waves on submarine pipelines, although the hydrodynamic characteristics and wave properties drastically differ from those of real-world tsunami waves. This paper numerically investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of tsunami waves interacting with submarine pipelines, but instead

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36

McNatt, J. Cameron, Aaron Porter, Christopher Chartrand, and Jesse Roberts. "The Performance of a Spectral Wave Model at Predicting Wave Farm Impacts." Energies 13, no. 21 (November 2, 2020): 5728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215728.

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For renewable ocean wave energy to support global energy demands, wave energy converters (WECs) will likely be deployed in large numbers (farms), which will necessarily change the nearshore environment. Wave farm induced changes can be both helpful (e.g., beneficial habitat and coastal protection) and potentially harmful (e.g., degraded habitat, recreational, and commercial use) to existing users of the coastal environment. It is essential to estimate this impact through modeling prior to the development of a farm, and to that end, many researchers have used spectral wave models, such as Simul

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37

Hansen, P. Friis. "On Combination of Slamming-and Wave-Induced Responses." Journal of Ship Research 38, no. 02 (June 1, 1994): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1994.38.2.104.

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Attempts to solve the combination problem of the low-frequency wave-induced bending and the high frequency slamming induced bending moments in ships have so far been based on a Poisson pulse train model for the occurrence of the slamming impacts. Embedded in the Poisson pulse model is the assumption that the time of occurrence and the intensity of a slamming impact are independent of the corresponding quantities of the previous impact. This assumption is not valid because the periodic character of the ship motion tends to concentrate the slamming impacts in clusters. Further, the times of occu

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38

Danial, A. N., and J. F. Doyle. "Transverse Impact of a Damped Plate near a Straight Edge." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 117, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2873852.

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The effects of boundaries on flexural wave propagation in plates with viscous damping are studied through spectral and finite element analyses of incident and reflected waves. The incident wave is generated by point impact and therefore has the complication of being circularly crested. Results show excellent agreement between finite element and spectral solutions for waves—with high and low damping—reflected from simply supported, clamped and free edges. In addition, the possibility of Rayleigh-type free edge waves are investigated.

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39

Carballo, R., and G. Iglesias. "Wave farm impact based on realistic wave-WEC interaction." Energy 51 (March 2013): 216–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.12.040.

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40

Hu, Xiaozhou, Yiyao Jiang, and Daojun Cai. "Numerical Modeling and Simulation of Wave Impact of a Circular Cylinder during the Submergence Process." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2197150.

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Wave slamming loads on a circular cylinder during water entry and the subsequence submergence process are predicted based on a numerical wave load model. The wave impact problems are analyzed by solving Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations and VOF equations. A finite volume approach (FV) is employed to implement the discretization of the RANS equations. A two-dimensional numerical wave tank is established to simulate regular ocean waves. The wave slamming problems are investigated by deploying a circular cylinder into waves with a constant vertical velocity. The present numerical m

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41

Stokes, Christopher, and Daniel Conley. "Modelling Offshore Wave farms for Coastal Process Impact Assessment: Waves, Beach Morphology, and Water Users." Energies 11, no. 10 (September 21, 2018): 2517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102517.

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The emerging global wave energy industry has the potential to contribute to the world’s energy needs, but careful consideration of potential impacts to coastal processes in the form of an impact assessment is required for each new wave energy site. Methods for conducting a coastal processes impact assessment for wave energy arrays vary considerably in the scientific literature, particularly with respect to characterising the energy absorption of a wave energy converter (WEC) array in a wave model. In this paper, modelling methods used in the scientific literature to study wave farm impacts on

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42

KIDA, SOTO AKI, KEITA FUKUSHIMA, and MASAYA MATSUMOTO. "THE REDUCTION OF STRESS WAVE PROPAGATION THROUGH POROUS MATERIALS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 09n11 (April 30, 2008): 1215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979208046566.

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Impact stress wave propagating through porous materials is investigated in order to examine the ability of the shock absorbing effect. The specimens are modeled as the porous medium with different porous diameters made of the acrylic resin plate. When these models are impacted with different impact velocities, the impact stress waves propagating before and after the porous parts are measured using the strain gages in the experiments. As the reduction effect of the impact stress wave propagating in the porous medium, we pay attention to the maximum stresses and the duration times from the histo

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43

Hasbrouck, W. P. "Four shallow‐depth, shear‐wave feasibility studies." GEOPHYSICS 56, no. 11 (November 1991): 1875–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442999.

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Studies using a hammer‐impact source were made to evaluate the feasibility of using shallow‐depth, seismic shear‐wave methods to (1) detect earth fissures, (2) map an aguiclude, (3) locate a bedrock channel, and (4) study the fault and fracture system within a highly fractured welded tuff. For detecting earth fissures, a V/V (vertical‐impact, vertical‐geophone—recording both P-waves and vertically polarized shear waves, SV), 6-m common‐offset procedure was used; for mapping the aquiclude, an R/R (radial‐impact, radial‐geophone—recording predominantly SV), unbalanced‐split‐spread procedure; and

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44

Mayon, Robert Brian, Zoheir Sabeur, Mingyi Tan, and Kamal Djidjeli. "ANALYSIS OF FLUID FLOW IMPACT OSCILLATORY PRESSURES WITH AIR ENTRAPMENT AT STRUCTURES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.structures.31.

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Hydrodynamic wave loading at coastal structures is a complex phenomenon to quantify. The chaotic nature of the fluid flow field as waves break against such structures has presented many challenges to Scientists and Engineers for the design of coastal defences. The provision of installations such as breakwaters to resist wave loading and protect coastal areas has evolved predominantly through empirical and experimental observations. This is due to the challenging understanding and quantification of wave impact energy transfer processes with air entrainment at these structures. This paper presen

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45

Imai, Yuki, Junichi Ninomiya, and Nobuhito Mori. "IMPACT OF RANDOM WAVE SPECTRA ON STOKES DRIFT IN COASTAL CURRENT MODELING." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.currents.1.

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The wave-induced velocity, known commonly as Stokes drift, plays an important role on upper ocean current system. However, in general, the depth profile tends to be estimated using a regular wave approximation like calculation from significant wave height in order to simplify the modeling. Breivik et al. (2014) proposed an improved Stokes drift profile to considering random waves but discussed limited to deep water. This study proposes a novel treatment of Stokes drift on random waves to consider full directional spectra and the approximated treatment is introduced into coupled ocean-wave mode

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46

Isaacson, Michael, Norman Allyn, and Colleen Ackermann. "Design wave loads for a jetty at Plymouth, Montserrat." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 22, no. 6 (December 1, 1995): 1084–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l95-126.

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This paper describes the assessment of waves and wave effects with respect to the design of a jetty at Plymouth, Montserrat, in the eastern Caribbean Sea. A previous jetty was destroyed in 1989 by Hurricane Hugo, and a critical part of the new jetty's design relates to the effects of waves. Particular attention is given to the establishment of design wave conditions. This includes both hurricane and non-hurricane conditions and requires a consideration of wave shoaling and refraction, as well as wave breaking in the vicinity of the jetty. The prediction of design wave loads includes the calcul

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47

Mitchell, Jamie A., Philip E. Bett, Helen M. Hanlon, and Andrew Saulter. "Investigating the impact of climate change on the UK wave power climate." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 26, no. 3 (June 14, 2017): 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/metz/2016/0757.

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48

Adams-Selin, Rebecca D. "Impact of Convectively Generated Low-Frequency Gravity Waves on Evolution of Mesoscale Convective Systems." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 3441–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-19-0250.1.

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AbstractIdealized numerical simulations of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) over a range of instabilities and shears were conducted to examine low-frequency gravity waves generated during initial and mature stages of convection. In all simulations, at initial updraft development a first-order wave was generated by heating extending through the depth of the troposphere. Additional first-order wave modes were generated each time the convective updraft reintensified. Each of these waves stabilized the environment in advance of the system. As precipitation descended below cloud base, and as a s

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49

Guirguis, Kristen, Alexander Gershunov, Alexander Tardy, and Rupa Basu. "The Impact of Recent Heat Waves on Human Health in California." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 53, no. 1 (January 2014): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-13-0130.1.

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AbstractThis study examines the health impacts of recent heat waves statewide and for six subregions of California: the north and south coasts, the Central Valley, the Mojave Desert, southern deserts, and northern forests. By using canonical correlation analysis applied to daily maximum temperatures and morbidity data in the form of unscheduled hospitalizations from 1999 to 2009, 19 heat waves spanning 3–15 days in duration that had a significant impact on health were identified. On average, hospital admissions were found to increase by 7% on the peak heat-wave day, with a significant impact s

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50

Kudryavtsev, Vladimir, and Bertrand Chapron. "On Growth Rate of Wind Waves: Impact of Short-Scale Breaking Modulations." Journal of Physical Oceanography 46, no. 1 (January 2016): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-14-0216.1.

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AbstractThe wave generation model based on the rapid distortion concept significantly underestimates empirical values of the wave growth rate. As suggested before, inclusion of the aerodynamic roughness modulations effect on the amplitude of the slope-correlated surface pressure could potentially reconcile this model approach with observations. This study explores the role of short-scale breaking modulations to amplify the growth rate of modulating longer waves. As developed, airflow separations from modulated breaking waves result in strong modulations of the turbulent stress in the inner reg

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