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Готові списки джерел за темами / World War 1914-1918 - Military nursing / Статті в журналах

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Статті в журналах з теми "World War 1914-1918 - Military nursing"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 25 липня 2024

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Watkins, PeterJ, and Valerie J. Watkins. "Alice Welford (1887–1918), a nurse in World War I: The impact of kindness and compassion." Journal of Medical Biography 25, no. 1 (2016): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967772015575881.

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The contribution of nurses to the morale of wounded and dying young men during World War 1 was immense. Alice Welford came from the small North Yorkshire village of Crathorne, joined the Queen Alexandra Imperial Military Nursing Service in 1915 and spent the following two and one half years in nursing casualties from some of the fiercest battles of the war including Gallipoli and Salonika. She kept an autograph book inscribed by wounded and dying soldiers, with poignant verses and humorous drawings showing love, wit and tragedy. Despite the dreadful conditions, kindness and compassion brought

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2

Likhvar, V. V. "International legal regulation of the use of reprisals as a form of political responsibility of states." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 1 (March 20, 2024): 703–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2024.01.124.

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The article attempts to determine the principles of international legal regulation of the use of reprisals as a form of political responsibility in international law, since reprisals are illegal actions committed in response to previous illegal actions of the state, proportional to the initial offense. International law has changed the application of the doctrine of retaliation to avoid an upward spiral of violence where one side retaliates against the illegal actions of another, causing ever more violent bloodshed, while the laws of war are meant to regulate and limit such harm. Theoretical p

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3

Simonenko, E. S. "Naval Policy of Canada during First World War (1914—1918)." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 8 (2022): 436–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-8-436-452.

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The activities of the Navy Ministry of Canada during the First World War are analyzed in the article. For the first time in Russian historiography, the main directions of Canada’s maritime policy are formulated within the framework of the government’s military course during the First World War. The sources for the study were the debates of the House of Commons of the Canadian Parliament, publications in the Canadian press, the military series of historical and statistical collections and journalism of those years. The state of Canadian naval bases and ports, as well as the features of the deve

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4

Bogomolov, I. K. "Military censorship in Russia in 1914‒1918: structure, features of work, documentary legacy." Proceedings of Southwest State University. Series: History and Law 14, no. 5 (2024): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1501-2024-14-5-174-184.

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The relevance of the research topic is related to the continuing problems of control and access to information in the modern information society.The purpose of the study is to provide a systematic understanding of military censorship in Russia in 1914-1918 in the context of the development of the late Imperial state mechanism. Objectives analysis of the structure, activities, and personnel of military censorship in Russia during the First World War; concentration of currently available information on documents of military censorship stored in various Russian and foreign archives.Methodology. T

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5

Janev, Vladimir. "The residence of the foreign medical experts in Macedonia during the World War I (1914-1918)." Scientific knowledge - autonomy, dependence, resistance 29, no. 2 (2020): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v29i2.5.

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During the World War I, several different armies were waging war at the territory of Macedonia. Throughout their stay, besides the conduct of military operations, they also had a military medical services as a part of their armies. It is interesting to note that professional military notes were written by military doctors, which were published in their countries after the World War I. Among the foreign medical experts was Isabel Galloway Emslie Hutton. She was a Scottish medical doctor who specialized in mental health and social work.

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6

Pirnat, Jani. "Animals in the Years 1914–1918 as Part of War Propaganda." Instinct, Vol. 4, no. 1 (2019): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47659/m6.071.art.

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The article focuses on examples of also using animals for war propaganda. Photography served to justify animal drafting, to keep up the military morale, and to show how cruel the enemy was. The animal ‘heroes’ of the newspapers– horses, dogs and pigeons – illustrate the attitude of humankind toward animalkind in the first industrial and technological war that showed the vulnerability and the nonsense of using animals on the fronts. Keywords: animals in war, First World War, photography, propaganda images of animals, representation of animals, surveillance

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7

König, Ralf Martin. "Zwischen Ausbeutung, Förderung und Reglementierung: Textile Kriegsheimarbeit in Deutschland 1914 bis 1918." Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte / Economic History Yearbook 58, no. 2 (2017): 537–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbwg-2017-0020.

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Abstract This essay intends to provide an introduction into an interesting aspect of the German war economy of the First World War not previously examined in detail: home-based outwork for the production of military supplies. In particular, this type of home-based outwork enjoyed great popularity amongst women with no previous experience of this form of work, such as soldiers’ wives and war widows. They were supported by various charitable welfare societies and women’s organizations which campaigned for public welfare during the war. Their efforts included the establishment of sewing rooms in

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8

Moraru, Liliana, Viorel Ștefan Perieanu, Mihai Burlibașa, et al. "REPUTED DENTISTS AND / OR SPECIALISTS IN THE ORO-MAXILLO-FACIAL FIELD WHO WORKED IN FRENCH CIVIL AND MILITARY HOSPITALS DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR (1914-1918)." Romanian Medical Journal 68, no. 2 (2021): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rmj.2021.2.30.

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The First World War was and is considered the most terrible conflagration of all time. Thus, over 65,000,000 soldiers made up the corps of land armies, naval and air forces, combat armies that participated in the conduct of military operations during the First World War. About 8,500,000 people died and more than 21,000,000 were injured. France was one of the countries most affected by this war, its medical services, including dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery, being completely obsolete. Thus, in this material, we tried to describe some important figures of French oral and maxillofac

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9

Канинская, Г. Н. ""War Culture" in German Postcards of 1914-1918." Диалог со временем, no. 79(79) (August 20, 2022): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2022.79.79.029.

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В статье рассматривается монография доктора исторических наук А.С. Медякова, изданная в 2021 г. В ней автор, на основе анализа солидного массива немецких открыток периода Первой мировой войны, показал, как формировалась «культура войны» в визуальной форме, как конструировался, поддерживался и эволюционировал в немецком обществе образ врага и союзника. Военный дискурс в книге представлен по многим срезам: социокультурному, историко-генетическому, идейно-пропаган-дистскому, сравнительному, лингвистическому. The article discusses the monograph of Doctor of Historical Sciences Alexander S. Medyako

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10

Sabancı, Zeynep, and Somer Alp Şimşeker. "A NEW TYPE OF WARFARE: Chemical Filling Facilities in Istanbul, 1914–1918." Journal of the International Committee for the History of Technology 28, no. 2 (2023): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11590/icon.2023.2.03.

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In the total war era, states committed their scientific research to rapidly changing warfare conditions, making the management of war the primary goal of contemporary states. The weakness of primary weapons in neutralising the enemy (or enemies) was obvious from the beginning of the First World War. Constantly changing war strategies, integration of civilians into warfare, and the growing sense of impotence as the war proceeded longer than expected, prompted a return to the components of violence. Although research into the use of different chemicals, gases, and suffocating substances in weapo

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11

TRATSIAK, Z. "AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL, DOCUMENTARY AND ARTISTIC AS COMPLEMENTARY MEANS CONSTRUCTING THE FIRST WORLD WAR REALITY IN THE STORY ‘DUSK SEEN FROM AFAR’ BY YA. BRYL." Herald of Polotsk State University. Series A. Humanity sciences, no. 4 (September 5, 2024): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1608-2024-72-4-48-52.

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The article examines Ya. Bryl’s story ‘Dusk Seen from Afar’, dedicated to the concept of the ‘continuous disaster’, which includes the events of the First World War. According to the author’s plan, the narrator, who nominally cannot be treated as a conscious witness to the hostilities, gradually reconstructs the events of 1914–1918, which affected the life of his family and fellow villagers (in the wider context Belarusian people). The complementary role of visual and verbal aspects the artistic representation of military reality is noted. The suggestive potential of literally every material o

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12

Zhvanko, Liubov. "Refugees and Emigrants in Europe: Retrospective View of the Problem (1914 – 2015)." European Historical Studies, no. 15 (2020): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2020.15.7.

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The proposed article summarizes the vision of the problem of displaced persons and refugees on the European continent in last century. Their appearance was caused by military conflicts of different origins: from two world wars to a series of local armed confrontations. The historiographical story mainly presents the key works of Western European researchers, directly relevant to the topic outlined in the article, the leading researchers of the study of refugee issues. The study presents the original concept of the author – the periodization of the appearance and stay of refugees in Europe. The

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13

Kasprzycki, Remigiusz. "Pacyfizm i antymilitaryzm w Europie Zachodniej w latach 1918–1939." Prace Historyczne 148, no. 3 (2021): 535–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20844069ph.21.036.14012.

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Pacifism and anti-militarism in Western Europe, 1918–1939 As the consequence of the events of 1914–1918, the pacifism was on the rise in Western Europe. Societies of England, France and Germany as well as other Western European countries, set themselves the goal of preventing another war from breaking out. International congresses and conventions were organized. They were attended by peace advocates representing various social and political views, which made cooperation difficult. These meetings did not prevent the Spanish Civil War, the aggression against Abyssinia and the outbreak of World W

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14

Kartaguzov, S. V. "The Officer’s Staff of the Urals Cossak Troops During the First World War 1914–1918." Izvestiya of Saratov University. History. International Relations 11, no. 2(1) (2011): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2011-11-2-1-35-45.

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The article focused on the research of the officer’s staff of the Ural Cossack’s infantry during the 1st World War. It is the first attempt to examine of some aspects of training of the officers in the Cossack military embodiment, their educational and professional growth. The reader could find some interesting facts of the losses, decorations and faith of some officers after the end of the First World War.

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15

Astashov, A. B. "MOBILIZATION AND SANITATION AT THE RUSSIAN ARMY HOME FRONT IN 1914–1918: SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 2(53) (2021): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-2-27-37.

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Written on the basis of archival sources drawn for the first time, the article is devoted to the problem of changing the sanitary and ecological conditions of the theatre of military operations at the Russian front during the First World War. The aim of the article is to analyze the sanitary and hygienic state of the theatre of military operations on the western outskirts of Russia during the First World War and the factors of its deterioration; to evaluate the effectiveness of combating the negative aspects of the sanitary state of the front-line territory; to identify the actual environmenta

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16

Stychynskyi, Ivan. "IRREGULAR ELEMENTS OF THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN MILITARY UNIFORM DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR(1914–1918)." Ethnic History of European Nations, no. 59 (2019): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2019.59.13.

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The article is devoted to the irregular components of the Austro-Hungarian military uniform in the First World War. At that time, the set of such elements was a certain peculiarity of the uniformed soldiers of the Armed Forces of Austria-Hungary. The main demonstrations of this phenomenon, the origins and the development of relevant uniform practices are considered in the article. The importance of military uniformology studies in militaristic anthropology is emphasized.

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17

Jerotijevic, Zoran, and Dušan Jerotijević. "SERBIA IN THE FIRST WORLD WAR AND THE PARIS PEACE CONFERENCE." Journal of Law and Administrative Sciences 23 (June 29, 2025): 38–47. https://doi.org/10.51865/jolas.2025.23.04.

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In June 1914, the Austro-Hungarian army held military maneuvers in Bosnia that simulated an attack on Serbia. Austro-Hungarian heir to the throne Franz Ferdinand, together with his wife Sofia, visited Sarajevo on Vidovdan. Members of the secret revolutionary organization Mlada Bosna, which opposed the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, understood this act as a provocation of the Serbs, and guided by that idea, they organized the assassination of the Archduke. The assassination of the Austro-Hungarian heir to the throne was entrusted to Nedeljko Čabrinović, Trifko Grabež and Gavril Princip,

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18

Man’kov, S. A. "The experience of the museum commemoration of the Great War of the UK in the 1920–1930s." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, no. 4 (45) (December 2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2020-4-45-50.

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The article examines the experience of creating military-historical expositions and museums dedicated to the Great War of 1914-1918 in UK. The process of forming a military history museum, which began during the First World War, received support from government and military circles as a center for rallying the nation around the ideas of a «just» war, the representation of hostilities and with the aim of counterpropagating pacifist sentiments. Conceived as the National War Museum, it was opened in 1920 with Imperial status to counter regional public discontent in the British dominions and colon

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19

Olszar, Henryk. "Duchowni katoliccy ze Śląska w pierwszej wojnie światowej." Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej 9 (July 14, 2016): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.8273.

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The First World War was analyzed and described in their diaries mainly by politicians, various rank soldiers, medical officers and male nurses, writers, news correspondents, civilians who were watching closely the war theatre, as well as theology students and military chaplains. We are however interested in testimonies of clergymen who became priests of the Katowice diocese after the end of 1914–1918 war campaign. They succeeded to live „in memory” because of tracks of their presence in the war in archive records or remaining press publications. The following individuals in this circle deserve

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20

McEwan, Dorothea. "Karikatur als Kriegsdienst: Aby Warburgs »neuer Stil zwischen Wort und Bild«, 1914–1918." Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 84, no. 1 (2021): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zkg-2021-1004.

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Abstract This article attempts to throw a light on Warburg’s little-known engagement in political caricature during World War I. Though deemed unfit for military service, Warburg was eager to contribute to the German war effort. Perceiving Allied war propaganda as anti-German lies, he recorded what he considered its half-truths and falsehoods in his Kriegskartothek, or war archive. But Warburg, as indicated by his involvement with the short-lived La Guerra del 1914: Rivista illustrata in the early stages of the war, kept looking for a more active role in influencing public opinion: From privat

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21

Datsyuk, Оlena. "THE WAR ALBUM “CONQUERED RUSSIAN FORTRESSES”: NEW PERSPECTIVES IN THE STUDY OF THE HISTORY OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR (1914 – 1918)." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 15 (December 14, 2024): 52–69. https://doi.org/10.35433/history.112081.

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The article aims to analyze the history of the fortresses depicted on the postcards from the Military Album ‘Conquered Russian Fortresses’ published by Knackstedt & Co. The fortresses depicted in the photographs were captured by the army of Kaiser Germany during the First World War (1914-1918). The study complements the information on philocartographic publications of the First World War and helps to expand knowledge about military architecture and to understand the strategic importance of fortresses in the context of the events of the First World War and international relations of that ti

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22

Krasteva, Mila. "Alexander Bozhinov's Creative Works as War Correspondent and Contributor to Otechestvo Magazine." Cultural and Historical Heritage: Preservation, Presentation, Digitalization 9, no. 2 (2023): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/kinj.2023.090209.

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World War I (1914-1918) is the third war fought from the beginning of the XXth century in which Bulgarian people participate in order to achieve their national unification. The Ministry of War of the Tsardom of Bulgaria takes good care of a better coverage of the military operations by using the advances in technique and technology at the time. As the war photographers are not always able to reach the front line and cover the key moments in the operations of the Bulgarian army, war painters are also mobilized. Among them is the father of the Bulgarian caricature Alexander Bozhinov who is also

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23

Šorn, Mojca. "Spremembe v medčloveških odnosih v obdobju pomanjkanja in lakote (Ljubljana: 1914–1918)." Studia Historica Slovenica 20 (2020), no. 3 (2020): 713–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32874/shs.2020-20.

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The following contribution, which focuses on Ljubljana and its inhabitants during World War I, shows how everyday life was influenced by the military and political as well as economic and social aspects. It underlines the food shortage, which did not only result in an increased incidence of diseases and deaths but also adjusted nutrition as well as modified daily rhythms and mental and psychological processes. The present contribution, which focuses on the interpersonal relationship changes in the extraordinary wartime circumstances or during the period of shortage and hunger, reveals that the

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24

BESPALOV, Aleksander V., and Nikolai A. KOPYLOV. "Photo from the exhibition. Life and fate of the hero of the First World War (1914–1918)." Culture and Safety 2 (2022): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/kb.2022.2.96-102.

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The article based on the analysis of previously published works by Russian and Czechoslovak researchers, as well as photographs of the knights of the Order of Saint George tells us the story of the hero of the First World War (1914–1918) Karel Vashatko. This article is addressed to researchers, teachers, post-graduates, officers and students of humanitarian educational institutions studying the course of disciplines: "General History", "Military History", "History of International Relations".

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25

KOVALENKO, Tetiana. "Memory of the First World War in the monumental art of Poland." Problems of slavonic studies 70 (2021): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/sls.2021.70.3735.

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Background. The article deals with the reflection of the First World War of 1914–1918 in the monumental art of Poland. Therefore, memorial buildings and monuments are not only the realization of the creative plan of artists, i.e. their authors, but also a re-flection of a political course of the state, the experience gained, hopes, expectations, losses of people. That is why they allow us to understand the memory of the First World War in Poland. Purpose. The aim of the article is to study how the events of the First World War are reflected in the monumental art of Poland, and on this basis to

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26

Igoshina, Olga Yuryevna. "Human losses of the Samara Region during the World War I (1914–1918)." Samara Journal of Science 10, no. 3 (2021): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv2021103208.

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The paper considers the problem of human losses of the Samara province during the World War I for the first time. The author uses the documents posted on the electronic portal Memory of the Heroes of the Great War of 19141918, a unique information resource that is the first official bank of original documents of the state and departmental archives of Russia about the participants and events of the World War I. Special attention in this work is paid to irretrievable human losses, as the most severe and irreparable. It is established that the archival materials contain 258,686 records of various

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27

Novikova, Irina. "“Scandinavian Transit” in Russian-English Relations (1914—1918)." ISTORIYA 14, no. 8 (130) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840027713-3.

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This article is dedicated to one of the insufficiently studied issues of the First World War as a role of the Allied transit trade through Scandinavia. It deals with the organization of the Based on the materials of the archives — the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire (AVPRI), the Russian State Archive of the Navy (RGA VMF), as well as the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA), the article examines such issues as the organization of transit supplies through neutral Sweden, the activities of the Russian-English joint stock company “Transito”, identifies factors that hindered

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28

Goudaillier, Jean-Pierre. "14-18: Wounded bodies - argotic names of death machines and the injuries they caused." Linguistica 58, no. 1 (2019): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.58.1.33-50.

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This study is part of a series of research studies relating to the terms and expressions that French soldiers used at the front during the period 1914-1918. In World War I, the first large-scale mechanised war, intensive use of previously known as well as new weapons took place. To these weapons, as well as to other death machines of the time, correspond both old designations and neologisms used by the soldeirs. In this article, the names of military devices are presented along with the trems referring to injuries caused by them.

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29

Senjavskaja, E. S. "Historical Memory of the First World War: Notes on its Shaping in Russia and in the West." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 2(5) (April 28, 2009): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2009-2-5-31-36.

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The article deals with the reasons, why the First World War didn’t leave stable heroic symbols in the historical memory of the Russians and occupied only marginal place. The influence of ideological and political background on the interpretation of the past, the role of the power elite in shaping the aims of the retrospective propaganda. The picture of the military events of 1914 – 1918 in Russian and foreign fiction literature has been given on the comparative basis.

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30

Tishkina, K. A. "Activities of Tomsk Mining Circle in Siberia during First World War (1914—1918)." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 9 (2022): 472–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-9-472-488.

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The article deals with the activities of the Tomsk Mining Circle during the First World War (1914—1918). The main attention is paid to the process of formation of the organization, activities to provide assistance to the front, Russian prisoners of war, as well as to promote the work of the Fourth Siberian Tomsk Medical and Nutritional Detachment. The relevance of the study is due to the growing interest in the topic of charity during the First World War. A detailed examination of the functioning of a particular social organization of a social orientation allows us to identify common and speci

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31

Djordjevic, Dimitrije. "The Austro-Hungarian occupation regime in Serbia and its break-down in 1918." Balcanica, no. 46 (2015): 107–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1546107d.

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This paper discusses the occupation of Serbia during the First World War by Austro-Hungarian forces. The first partial occupation was short-lived as the Serbian army repelled the aggressors after the Battle of Kolubara in late 1914, but the second one lasted from fall 1915 until the end of the Great War. The Austro-Hungarian occupation zone in Serbia covered the largest share of Serbia?s territory and it was organised in the shape of the Military Governorate on the pattern of Austro-Hungarian occupation of part of Poland. The invaders did not reach a clear decision as to what to do with Serbia

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Bogomolov, Igor’ K. "Film Censorship in Russia during the First World War." LOMONOSOV HISTORY JOURNAL 65, no. 5, 2024 (2025): 70–96. https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0130-0083-8-2024-65-5-70-96.

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The article explores the censorship of cinema in Russia during the First World War and the 1917 Revolution. While the history of cinema in Russia has been comprehensively addressed in scientific literature, the structure and powers of cinematographic censorship during the period 1914–1918 remain to be fully elucidated. It is evident that these alterations were of considerable significance when compared to the pre-war period. The nation was divided into territories subject to “full” and “partial” military censorship, and the command of the front-line provinces was granted, among other things, t

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Reyent, O. "The World War First and its Consequences for Ukraine." Problems of World History, no. 1 (March 24, 2016): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2016-1-4.

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In the article, the World War First it examined from the perspective of a global cataclysm that essentially determined the further development of human civilization not only in the twentieth, but also in the early twenty-first century. It is indicated that the tragedy of war especially manifested in the total character, which it has acquired, and the rapid fall in the value of human life. In its universal scope and demographic losses, this war greatly surpassed everything that happened thereto during the largest international military conflicts in human history. The influence of the global con

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Milinkovic, Marija. "Some aspects of the analysis of the first world war in modern Serbian and Romanian history textbooks for junior high school." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 191 (2024): 311–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn2491311m.

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The article compares how modern Serbian elementary school history textbooks and Romanian gymnasium (lower secondary school) history textbooks portray the First World War. It examines the content and sensitive topics between 1914 and 1918, including the causes of the First World War, Romania?s role in the war (1916-1918), and the military campaign carried out by the Central Powers against Serbia in 1915. The article also looks at the role of methodological and didactic elements, as well as visual materials. Additionally, the paper analyzes how historical sources and maps are represented in hist

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Sadivnychyi, Volodymyr. "Medical press of the First World War period: Construction of social reality." Obraz 42, no. 2 (2023): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/obraz.2023.2(42)-69-76.

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Introduction. The First World War is a forgotten and completely unhonored page in the history of Ukraine. Instead, events and facts related to it are actively investigated in many European countries. In journalism and journalism studies, the topic of activity of specialized newspaper and magazine editions of medical topics was not investigated in that period, therefore, a picture of the emergence, formation, and development of such a press was not created, and its systematization was not carried out. Relevance and goal. The goal of the research is to analyze the problem-thematic components of

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Roberts, SAG. "100 Years of British military neurosurgery: on the shoulders of giants." Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service 101, no. 1 (2015): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jrnms-101-20.

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AbstractDeath from head injuries has been a feature of conflicts throughout the world for centuries. The burden of mortality has been variously affected by the evolution in weaponry from war-hammers to explosive ordnance, the influence of armour on survivability and the changing likelihood of infection as a complicating factor. Surgery evolved from haphazard trephination to valiant, yet disjointed, neurosurgery by a variety of great historical surgeons until the Crimean War of 1853-1856. However, it was events initiated by the Great War of 1914-1918 that not only marked the development of mode

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Chubarov, Aleksei I., and Pavel P. Shcherbinin. "Social charity of children during the First World War." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 188 (2020): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2020-25-188-195-202.

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We examine the activities of state, public and charitable organizations aimed at providing assistance to children of lower ranks, called for mobilization and underage refugees. We conduct a brief analysis of the evolution of assistance to children in the Russian Empire from the moment of the adoption of the Charter on Universal Military Service in 1874 to the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, during which, along with institutions that had established themselves earlier, organizations that owe their the appearance of military events began to provide assistance to children. The main direc

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Grishachev, S. V., and Z. A. Shmakotina. "Rewarding Japanese Servicemen With Russian Awards During World War I and the Civil War (1914–1922)." Yearbook Japan 53 (December 10, 2024): 114–37. https://doi.org/10.55105/2687-1440-2024-53-114-137.

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The period from the end of the Russo-Japanese War to the 1917 October Revolution was a time of political, economic, and cultural rapprochement between Russia and Japan. Moreover, this rapprochement was observed after the events of 1917 for several more years, since, during the Russian Civil War, Japan supported the anti-Bolshevik forces in the Far East.The two countries entered the First World War as de facto allies; this alliance culminated in the Treaty of 1916. Its reflection in symbolic actions was also an element of this cooperation. In the years before the First World War, and, actually,

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Popenko, Yaroslav, and Ihor Sribnyak. "At the intersections of European diplomacy: Romania between the Central Bloc and the Entente (1914–1918)." Wschód Europy. Studia humanistyczno-społeczne 7, no. 1 (2021): 143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/we.2021.7.1.143-162.

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The main tendencies of the development of the Kingdom of Romania during the First World War were analysed in this article. The stages of the diplomatic negotiations of the Romanian government with the countries of the Central Bloc and the Entente during 1914–1918 years are considered. Bucharest managed to take advantage of its own diplomatic balancing during the war, which was squeezed between the two military-political blocs. Thanks to its foreign policy strategy, the Romanian government had retained its sovereign right to the development and the acceptance of the most important decisions, an

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Pantyukhina, T. V. "Great Britain in the conflict over Iran oil: the First World War period." Гуманитарные и юридические исследования 9, no. 4 (2022): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2022.4.7.

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The article highlights the activities of Great Britain in the competition for control over oil fields and the oil industry in Iran (Persia) and the South Caucasus in 1914-1918, which was not the subject of special research in Russian historiography. On the eve of the war, Great Britain actually controlled the production and refining of oil in Persia through the AngloPersian Oil Company. With the outbreak of the war, British interests in the region were put under threat by Germany and the Ottoman Empire, which sought to challenge the British monopoly on Persian oil. Despite the fact that the te

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Blokhin, V. F. "REALIZATION OF A NEW STATE MODEL PRESS MANAGEMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR (1914-1918)." Vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 07, no. 04 (2023): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2023-07-04-45-52.

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The author of the article shows the opportunities that the periodical press had during the First World War. At the same time, the attention is focused not on the formation of its judgments about the most significant and topical problems, events and facts, but on issues related to the peculiarities of the relationship between the press and the military censorship. Obviously, following the authorities, the employees of the censorship department clearly recognized the role of newspapers and magazines as one of the important factors of influence on public consciousness, and saw in them the conduct

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Crim, Brian E. "“Our Most Serious Enemy”: The Specter of Judeo-Bolshevism in the German Military Community, 1914–1923." Central European History 44, no. 4 (2011): 624–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938911000665.

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That the Wehrmacht participated fully in a racial war of extermination on behalf of the National Socialist regime is indisputable. Officers and enlisted men alike accepted the logic that the elimination of the Soviet Union was necessary for Germany's survival. The Wehrmacht's atrocities on the Eastern Front are a testament to the success of National Socialist propaganda and ideological training, but the construct of “Judeo-bolshevism” originated during World War I and its immediate aftermath. Between 1918 and 1923, central Europe witnessed a surge in right-wing paramilitary violence and anti-S

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Grishachev, S. V., and Z. A. Shmakotina. "Rewarding Japanese Servicemen With Russian Awards During World War I and the Russian Civil War (1914–1922)." Russian Japanology Review 8, no. 1 (2025): 48–72. https://doi.org/10.55105/2658-6444-2025-1-48-72.

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The period from the end of the Russo-Japanese War to the 1917 October Revolution was a time of political, economic, and cultural rapprochement between Russia and Japan. Moreover, this rapprochement was observed after the events of 1917 for several more years, since, during the Russian Civil War, Japan supported the anti-Bolshevik forces in the Far East.The two countries entered the First World War as de facto allies; this alliance culminated in the Treaty of 1916. Its reflection in symbolic actions was also an element of this cooperation. In the years before the First World War, and, actually,

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MAHMOOD, TAHIR. "Collaboration and British Military Recruitment: Fresh perspectives from colonial Punjab, 1914–1918." Modern Asian Studies 50, no. 5 (2015): 1474–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x13000516.

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AbstractThis article examines the ways in which rural elite collaborators mobilized recruits for the British Army during the First World War. It thus not only increases knowledge of Punjab's military history, but adds to the understanding of collaboration as a process involving competitive groups in which elites manipulated the process for their own ends. The case study material drawn from the Shahpur district of the colonial Punjab argues that while there may have been a degree of indoctrination into the colonial state's values, it was mainly the desire to use its patronage to bolster family

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ROY, KAUSHIK. "Race and Recruitment in the Indian Army: 1880–1918." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 4 (2013): 1310–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000431.

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AbstractIn 1914, the Indian Army was deployed against the enemies of the British Empire. This paper analyses the administrative mechanism as well as the imperial assumptions and attitudes which shaped the recruitment policy of the Indian Army during the First World War. From the late nineteenth century, the Martial Race theory (a bundle of contradictory ideas) shaped the recruitment policy. With certain modifications, this theory remained operational to the first decade of the twentieth century. The construction of the ‘martial races’ enabled the British to play-off different communities again

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Rozhenetskij, A. N., N. F. Plavunov, and V. A. Kadyshev. "Alexander Sergeevich Puchkov’s activities as a member of the Russian Red Cross Society during the First World War." Medical alphabet, no. 3 (May 6, 2024): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-3-29-35.

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The article is devoted to the activities of Alexander Sergeevich Puchkov as part of the Russian Red Cross Society, which during the First World War was one of the largest public organizations that provided assistance to wounded soldiers and officers in the theater of military operations and in the rear. The Red Cross appointed those responsible for all military sanitary, medical evacuation and organizational measures in this area of military operations: a special officer, a chief officer. The events of the period 1914–1918, which formed the professional qualities of the organizing physician A.

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Saidboboev, Zokirjon, Gulzora Saidboboeva, Obidjon Jaynarov, Tulkinjon Kholiyarov, and Sharofat Jiyanbekova. "History of electrification in Tashkent during 1914–1918 years." History of science and technology 15, no. 1 (2025): 152–71. https://doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2025-15-1-152-171.

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After the colonization of the Turkestan region by the Russian empires in the second half of the 19th century, the tsarist authorities chose the city of Tashkent as the political, administrative and military center of the entire region. This was primarily due to Tashkent's trade and economic superiority over other cities, and secondly, the city's location in the central part of the country and its strategic importance. Although the industrial sectors were poorly developed, work began on the construction of power plants to illuminate the city streets and operate small manufacturing enterprises.

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Evans, Raymond. "The lowest common denominator: loyalism and school children in war-torn Australia 1914 – 1918." Queensland Review 3, no. 2 (1996): 100–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1321816600006474.

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It is the march of the troops through the children's playground which makes the recruits of ten years afterwards.R.E.N.Twopeny (1883)I made up my mind I was going to the war … I had no idea whatever what war implied, but I did know what it was to march to military music …– ex-AIF member (World War I)Most Australian school children, whether public or private, primary or secondary, had been finely tuned for warfare long before the Great War of 1914–18 had actually begun. School papers and reading books, history, geography and civics lessons, the personal persuasiveness of teachers trained to acc

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Danielyan, Taron, Hermine Baburyan, and Svetlana Barseghyan. "ARMENIAN CHILDREN’S FICTION IN “HASKER” AND “AGHBYUR” MAGAZINES DURING WORLD WAR I." Children's Readings: Studies in Children's Literature 24 (2023): 149–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2304-5817-2023-2-24-149-167.

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The given article is the first study of the Armenian children’s literature on the military theme, presented in the Armenian children’s and youth periodicals of Tiflis in 1914–1918. The similarities and differences between the children’s literature on these topics and the artistic reflection of the war in the magazines “Aghbyur” (“Source”) and “Hasker” (“Spikes”) are revealed. In the course of the analysis it has been disclosed that during World War I, military topics did not become dominant from a quantitative point of view, but materials of different genres and formats on the military topic w

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Doroshenko, T. "THE FIRST WORLD WAR AND ITS IMPACT ON TURKESTAN." POLISH JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, no. 58 (January 16, 2023): 20–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540732.

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The article is devoted to the impact of the First World War on Turkestan. Already in September 1914, prisoners of war of the Austro-Hungarian and German armies began to arrive in the region, and then internees and refugees. This radically influenced and changed the life of the indigenous and European population of Turkestan. In many cities, the number of arrivals exceeded the number of indigenous people, which worried the local administration. The housing situation and food supply have deteriorated. The article also shows the attitude of the tsarist and local administration of Turkestan to pri

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