Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Χειρουργική'
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Μπουμπούλης, Νικόλαος. "Η χειρουργική αντιμετώπιση του συνδρόμου Wolff-Parkinson-White." Thesis, 1998. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3088.
Full textΚαραγεώργος, Αθανάσιος Χ. "Εκφυλιστική στένωση οσφυϊκής μοίρας σπονδυλικής στήλης σε πολλαπλά επίπεδα : χειρουργική αντιμετώπιση." Thesis, 2006. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/1159.
Full textAim: This is a prospective study on the surgical treatment of patients who suffered from degenerative spinal stenosis of lumbar spine in multiple levels (2 or more). Our goal was to show if our technique improves substantially patient’s symptoms and if the improvement is long lasting. Patients and Method: Between 1997 and 2004, 41 patients were participated in this study, which took place at the Orthopaedic Department of Patras University Hospital. All patients had completed 1-year postoperative follow up. Mean age was 61 years (range 33 – 79 years). All patients underwent preoperatively detailed radiological and clinical evaluation. Radiological aproach included face, profile and dynamic x-rays, computer tomography (CT), magnetic resorance (MRI) and/or myelography with myelo-CT. Clinical evaluation was done using Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Twenty-three patients suffered from degenerative stenosis in 2 levels (included 3 vertebral bodies), in 16 patients were involved 3 levels and in 2 patients were involved 4 levels. Furthermore 12 patients suffered from concomitant scoliosis, 18 patients from concomitant spondylolisthesis (1st grade), 9 patients from segmental instability and 2 patients from scoliosis and spondylolisthesis. Patients’ symptoms were low back pain, sciatica and/or neurologic intermittent claudication. In 6 patients neurologic deterioration was observed. Surgical technique was wide posterior decompression. This included removal of spinous process, vertebral lamina and ligamentum flavum, and lead to fully posterior exposure of the spinal canal. Decompression was taken place in all the stenotic segments and was extended from one to another root canal in each segment. In order to achieve stability of the spine we used transpedicular screw fixation system, which extended one segment above and one below the decompressed area. Finally we used osseous graft and allograft between transverse processes. Mean surgical time was 228 (120-420) min. Patients’ follow up was done once per year and included the completion of ODI and VAS and face profile and dynamic x-rays for clinical and radiological assessment respectively. Results: Mean follow up was 3,7 (1-6) years. The quality of patients’ life, as is estimated with ODI, showed substantial improvement, which lasted all years. In specific from 61% preoperatively, improved to 16% the 4th postoperative year. Pain also presented statistical significant improvement, as is estimated with VAS. In specific from 7,9 preoperatively improved to 2,3 the 4th postoperative year. Evaluation of ODI’s parameters showed that the greater improvement was achieved in pain, personal care, sitting, sleeping and traveling. More than 90% of the patients had normal or nearly normal activity in these aforementioned parameters, the 4th postoperative year. Two patients had instability in an adjacent level (4,9%). Also one screw breakage in 1 patient (2,4%) and one screw loosening in another one (2,4%), both in S1 vertebral, was observed. These 4 patients underwent second surgical intervention due to instability. Finally there was possibility 90,2% for the patients not to underwent second operation due to mechanical failure. The rest of the patients presented with solid fusion, confluent osseous bridging between the transverse processes and stable adjacent vertebral levels. Conclusions: Wide posterior decompression combined with posterolateralinstrumented fusion, lead to satisfactory and reproducible clinical and radiological results to patients who suffer from degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis in multiple levels with concomitant instability (degenerative scoliosis and/or degenerative spondylolisthesis). The aforementioned technique avoids substantial bone regrowth and stenosis recurrence. Proper use in carefully selected patients has low complication rate, giving us a good and long-lasting result.
Αντωνόπουλος, Δημήτριος. "Μικροχειρουργική τεχνική ελεύθερων αγγειούμενων κρημνών στην επανορθωτική χειρουργική κεφαλής και τραχήλου." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/6240.
Full textMicrosurgical free tissue transfer considered as the best choice for the reconstruction of head and neck extended and complex tissue defects due to tumor resection or trauma. A total of 48 patients underwent free tissue transfer between 2003-2010. There were 34 patients underwent one stage tumor resection and microsurgical free flap reconstruction and 16 patients for free flap reconstruction due to head and neck trauma. The defect in 12 patients 25% was on the scalp and forehead, the middle third in 9 patients 18.7% lower third in neck in 27 patients 56.25%. We used a combination of double free flaps for reconstruction in 7 cases and in 41 patients a single free flap. Vane grafts were used in 16 cases (33.3%). We used in total 56 free flaps with success rate 92.8% (52/56). Four flaps were lost due to anastomotic thromboses. Work horse flaps in our series include the radial forearm 28.5%, fibula 17.8%, ALT 14.2%, VRAM 12.5%, TRAM 5.3%, latissimus dorse 8.9%, gracilis 7.1% and serratus anterior 1.7%. The neck recipient vessels were used in 96.2%. One patient died in post surgical period after systemic complications. Preoperative surgical and reconstruction plan, flaps selection, high microsurgical experience and team collaboration are essential for the good functional and aesthetic results in microsurgery reconstruction of head and neck tissue defects.
Mead, Nancy. "Η εγκυμοσύνη μετά τη χειρουργική αντιμετώπιση της παχυσαρκίας : Θρεπτική κατάσταση και έκβαση." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8071.
Full textΗ θρεπτική κατάσταση κατά τη διάρκεια της εγκυμοσύνης και οι συνέπειες διατροφικών ανεπαρκειών στην έκβαση της, που ακολουθεί μια χειρουργική επέμβαση για κλινική σοβαρή παχυσαρκία αποτελεί θέμα που χρήζει περαιτέρω έρευνας. Σκοπός της συγκεκριμένης μελέτης ήταν η διερεύνηση της θρεπτικής κατάστασης και της έκβασης της εγκυμοσύνης, τόσο στις μητέρες όσο και στα νεογνά, σε γυναίκες που είχαν υποβληθεί στο παρελθόν σε περιοριστικές και δυσαπορροφητικές επεμβάσεις για κλινικά σοβαρή παχυσαρκία. Μελετήθηκαν 113 γυναίκες που γέννησαν 150 παιδιά μετά από χολοπαγκρεατική εκτροπή (BPD), Roux-en-Y γαστρική παράκαμψη (RYGB) και επιμήκη γαστρεκτομή μεταξύ Ιουνίου 1994 και Δεκεμβρίου 2011. Συγκρίθηκαν τα αποτελέσματα των θρεπτικών δεικτών και της έκβασης της εγκυμοσύνης μεταξύ των επεμβάσεων καθώς και με τα 20ετή στοιχεία γεννήσεων του νοσοκομείου μας και τα αποτελέσματα από 56 προεγχειρητικές εγκυμοσύνες σε 36 από τις ίδιες γυναίκες. Αναιμία παρατηρήθηκε σε 24.2% και 15.6% των κυήσεων μετά από BPD και RYGB, αντίστοιχα. Τα επίπεδα της βιταμίνης B12 μειώθηκαν μετεγχειρητικά σε όλες τις ομάδες, χωρίς περαιτέρω μείωση κατά τη διάρκεια της εγκυμοσύνης• όμως, χαμηλά επίπεδα παρατηρήθηκαν σε κάποιες γυναίκες όχι μόνο μετά από BPD (11.7%) και RYGB (15.6%), αλλά και μετά από SG (13.3%). Τα επίπεδα του φυλλικού οξέος αυξήθηκαν μετεγχειρητικά και κατά τη διάρκεια της εγκυμοσύνης. Η τιμή της αλβουμίνης μειώθηκε σε όλες τις ομάδες κατά τη διάρκεια της εγκυμοσύνης, αλλά υποπρωτεϊναιμία παρατηρήθηκε μόνο μετά από BPD. Τα νεογνά μετά από BPD είχαν χαμηλότερο μέσο όρο βάρους γέννησης (p<0.05), χωρίς να υπάρχει μεγαλύτερη συχνότητα χαμηλού βάρους γέννησης (<2500gr). Η σύγκριση μεταξύ των νεογνών που γεννήθηκαν πριν και μετά το χειρουργείο έδειξε ότι τα νεογνά που γεννήθηκαν μετά είχαν χαμηλότερο βάρος (p<0.001) χωρίς σημαντικές διαφορές στη διάρκεια κύησης, στο μήκος ή στην περίμετρο της κεφαλής και καθόλου μακροσωμία. Συμπερασματικά, η δική μας μελέτη έδειξε σχετικά καλή θρεπτική κατάσταση και έκβαση στη εγκυμοσύνη μετά από όλους τους τύπους επεμβάσεων στη συγκεκριμένη πληθυσμιακή ομάδα εφόσον υπάρχει συστηματική παρακολούθηση και ακολουθούνται οι διατροφικές οδηγίες. Πιο στενή παρακολούθηση χρειάζεται μετά από δυσαπορροφητικές επεμβάσεις ιδιαίτερα ως προς το θέμα της πρωτεϊνικής θρέψης
Φωτόπουλος, Λεωνίδας. "Πλαστικές επανορθωτικές επεμβάσεις μετά από επέμβαση για νοσογόνο παχυσαρκία και μεγάλη απώλεια σωματικού βάρους." Thesis, 2003. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/1295.
Full textBariatric surgery has been shown to be effective in providing substantial and sustained long-term weight loss with minimum complications. Following bariatric surgery and consequent loss of body weight, the skin begins to sag in various regions of the body, forming skin-folds, which cause serious functional, dermatological and aesthetic deformities. The regions of the body most commonly affected by excess skin tissue are the medial part of the arms, the breasts, the thoracic and abdominal wall, especially in the lateral areas and the inner and outer thigh. In order to correct this deformity, it is essential that they undergo a series of one or more regional dermolipectomies. In this article, we present our experience on how we manage these patients. From October 1996 until December 2002, 46 patients had 67 regional dermolipectomies. Forty-five patients underwent abdominal dermolipectomy. The average operative time was 188,1 min (105-420min). The average amount of tissue excised was 2839,2 gr (850-7525gr). Four patients (8,8%) required blood transfusion. Seven patients (15,5%) developed complications, which included 1 case of post-operative bleeding, 3 wound infections, 2 skin dehiscences and 1 seroma. Average length of hospital stay was 8,9 days (5- 22 days). Twenty-five of these patients (55,5%) simultaneously underwent abdominal incisional hernia repair; in 9 (20%), a goretex mesh was used. Eight patients (17,3%) had mammaplasty, with average operative time 166,2 min (130-210 min). In one of them, breast implants were placed. There was no morbidity, and the average hospitalization was 7,1 days (4-9 days). Transverse flank-thigh-buttock lift was done in seven patients (8,6%), and arm reduction plasty in three (6,5%). The average operative time was 297,1 min (160-420 min), 246,2 min (230-280 min) and 203,3 min (180-240) respectively. Average tissue excised was 2245 gr (725-4403 gr), 1342,5 gr (1050-1550 gr) and 572,7 gr (400-848 gr) respectively. Morbidity was related to wound infection in 2 patients, minor skin dehiscence in 5 patients and persistent edema of the left lower extremity in another. Average hospitalization was 10,6 days (6-23 days), 8 days (7-8 days) and 6 days (5-7 days) respectively. Regional dermolipectomies constitute the only available treatment for deformities following massive weight loss after bariatric surgery. Based on our experience, these procedures are safe, without serious complications and with good functional and esthetic results.
Ζυγομαλάς, Απόλλων. "Μικρο-ρομπότ στη χειρουργική δια μέσου φυσικών οπών (NOTES), ο ρόλος της ιατρικής πληροφορικής." Thesis, 2010. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/2958.
Full textNatural Orifice Transluminal Endocopic Surgery (NOTES) is perhaps the most interesting achievement of today’s surgery in terms of technique. The development of computer technology and robotics is a powerful tool for the modern surgeon. The progress of micro-robotics today is remarkable. Robotic working teams continuously produce smaller in size robots with more potential motion and signal processing that can enter into the peritoneal cavity through the body’s natural orifices. NOTES surgery is perhaps ideal for use of micro-robots. This combination could be a revolution for the Telesurgery. The aim of our work is to highlight the role of medical informatics in the use of micro-robots in NOTES surgery. We designed and simulated a model of an articulated micro-robot composed of subunits (modular robot) that can enter the gastrointestinal tract or the peritoneal cavity through the body’s natural orifices. It is capable of motion and surgical manipulations and can also provide sensor information to the user.-
Σαράκης, Πέτρος. "Το επιχειρηματικό σχέδιο μιας νεοσύστατης επιχείρησης πλαστικής χειρουργικής." Thesis, 2008. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/2243.
Full textA business plan of a newly formed plastic surgery clinic.
Μαρούλης, Ιωάννης. "Μελέτη μεταβολών ανοσολογικών παραμέτρων σε μεγάλες χειρουργικές επεμβάσεις μετά χορήγηση αναστολέα της κυκλοοξυγένασης." Thesis, 1996. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/2874.
Full textΚαζάκος, Κώστας. "Η αξία του ημιτενοντωδούς στις παραμελημένες ρήξεις του πρόσθιου χιαστού συνδέσμου: αρθροσκοπικός και ιστολογικός έλεγχος." Thesis, 1990. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3060.
Full textΤεπετές, Κωνσταντίνος. "Η σημασία της κηλογραφίας και της ενδοπεριτοναϊκής εγχύσεως κυανού του μεθυλενίου στην ανάδειξη και ταυτοποίηση κηλών της βουβωνικής χώρας." Thesis, 1990. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3072.
Full textΣκρουμπής, Γεώργιος. "Οι παροχετευτικές χειρουργικές επεμβάσεις στην ριζική αντιμετώπιση της ηπατικής εχινοκοκκίασης." Thesis, 2002. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3219.
Full textΠαναγόπουλος, Ανδρέας. "Σύνθετα (2, 3 και 4 τμημάτων) κατάγματα άνω πέρατος βραχιονίου. Διάγνωση, χειρουργική αντιμετώπιση και λειτουργική αποκατάσταση." 2005. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/387.
Full textBackground: Ideal treatment of displaced proximal humeral fractures remains controversial and a matter of continuous debate in the international literature. The particularities of those fractures, the under strength reliability and reproducibility of the existing classification systems, the lack of multicenter prospective studies and the heterology definitions about the evaluation of results are only some of the reasons that bring researchers out of step. Current trends in operative treatment of these fractures are focused in minimal invasive techniques of reconstruction, involving limited soft tissue detachments, preserving blood supply of the humeral head and eliminating of necessary hard material application for stable osteosynthesis. The main advantages of our proposed technique are the minimal approach, without forced manipulations on the fracture, the avoidance of any hard material application, the repair of coexisting rotator cuff tears and the cruciate, tension-band like manner of bone fragments retention to a uniform part that allows stable internal fixation of the fracture and early shoulder joint motion. Material-Methods: Between 1991 and 2003, 214 patients underwent transosseous suturing for displaced fractures of the proximal humerus in our Department. There were 123 women and 91 men with a mean age of 52.7 years (range, 18-82). According to Neer criteria and fracture classification we managed 71 two-part fractures, 75 three-part and 64 four-part (48 of them was of valgus impacted subtype) as well as 4 splitting head fractures. Mean follow up period was 5.2 years and concerned the 92% of the patients. Overall, 13 patients were lost from the last follow up appointment and 4 died from reasons unrelated to the fracture or its treatment, leaving a total of 197 patients for full clinical and radiological evaluation. We recorded and investigated all preoperative and postoperative radiographs, intraoperative details, kind of reduction, early and late complications, hospital stay details, the incidence of infection, the cooperation with the rehabilitation program, the patient satisfaction and the objective clinical outcome according to the parameters of Constant score. Radiologically, the union progress was evaluated with anteroposterior and auxiliary views at 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month as well as at the last follow up. All radiographs were investigated for the presence of partial or total collapse of the head, lysis or tuberosity displacement, loss of reduction or malunion as well as for signs of post-traumatic osteoarthritis and subacromial impingement syndrome. In 16 patients with four-part valgus impacted fractures, a digital angiographic evaluation was performed for further investigation of humeral head supply after transosseous suturing. Results: All fractures were united until the 10.4 week (range, 6.5 to 14.6 weeks), except four that developed nonunion. The mean Constant score at the last follow up was 80.2 (from 35 to 100 points) singly from fracture type, whereas the functional score as a percentage to that of the unaffected shoulder was 87.5%. Overall, 61 patients (30.9%) were rated as excellent, 96 (48.8%) very good, 24 good (12.2%) και 16 poor (8.1%). The overall incidence of avascular necrosis was 22/197 cases (11.1%); 9 patients showed total collapse and 13 partial collapse. Greater tuberosity lysis was noted in 18 patients (9.1%), heterotopic ossification in 21 (10.6%), posttraumatic osteoarthritis in 9 (4.5%) and subacromial impingement syndrome in 11 (5.5%). The overall rate of reoperation due to complications was 7.1%. The results of angiographic investigation showed conservation of endosteal blood supply of the humeral head, after transosseous suturing. Conclusions: We suggest open reduction and internal fixation in all displaced fractures of the proximal humerus that were amenable for fixation (2-part greater tuberosity, 3-part and 4-part valgus impacted fractures). Avoiding the complications of any hard material application, we are able, with the solely use of transosseous sutures, to accomplish adequate reduction, stable osteosynthesis and repair of rotator cuff tears, allowing for early shoulder joint motion and a satisfactory clinical and radiological outcome. In young patients, with displaced four-part fractures without impaction or 3- and 4-part fractures-dislocations, the transosseous suturing can be applied initially, as a head preserving treatment, but the outcome is less predictable and the rate of complications prominent.
Πολυζωγοπούλου, Ευτυχία Β. "Μελέτη των μεταβολών του εντεροπαγκρεατικού άξονα σε ασθενείς με νοσογόνο παχυσαρκία μετά από χειρουργική επέμβαση γαστρικής παράκαμψης." Thesis, 2005. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/1296.
Full textInsulin resistance and loss of glucose-stimulated acute insulin response (AIR) are the two major and earliest defects in the course of type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether weight loss after bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes can restore euglycemia and normal AIR to IV glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). We studied 25 morbidly obese patients, 12 with type 2 diabetes (DM), 5 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 8 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) prior to and after a biliopancreatic diversion with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (BPD with RYGBP). Twelve subjects with normal BMI served as controls. Twelve months after surgery in the DM group, BMI decreased from 53.2 + 2.0 to 29.2 + 1.7 kg/m², fasting glucose decreased from 9.5 ± 0.83 to 4.5 ± 0.13 mmol/l (mean ± SE) and fasting insulin from 168.4 ± 25.9 to 37.7 ± 4.4 pmol/l (p<0.001). AIR, the mean of insulin concentration at 2, 3 and 5 minutes over basal in the IVGTT, increased by 770% and 935% at 3 and 12 months after surgery, respectively (from 24.0 ± 22.7 pmol/l, to 209 ± 43.4 and 248 ± 33.1 pmol/l respectively) (p<0,001). Conversely, in the NGT group, the increased AIR decreased by 40.5% (from 660 ± 60 to 393 ± 93 pmol/l) (p=0.027), 12 months after surgery. BPD with RYGBP performed in morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes leads to significant weight loss, euglycemia and normal insulin sensitivity, but most importantly, restores a normal β-cell AIR to glucose and a normal relationship of AIR for insulin sensitivity. This is the first study, which demonstrates that the lost glucose-induced AIR, in patients with type 2 diabetes of mild or moderate severity, is a reversible abnormality. Restoration of euglycemia and normal insulin sensitivity are basal preconditions for the reappearance of normal acute insulin response to glucose.
Γιαννίκος, Λάμπρος. "Συμβολή στη μελέτη διαφόρων μεθόδων λαπαροσκοπικής στειροποίησης στη γυναίκα." Thesis, 1994. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/2847.
Full textΠοταμίτης, Νίκος. "Η αστάθεια του ώμου και η αντιμετώπισή της." Thesis, 1999. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/2948.
Full textΦερέτης, Διονύσιος. "Αυξημένη οπίσθια μετάθεση του έξω ορθού μυ για την αντιμετώπιση αποκλίνοντος στραβισμού γωνίας 15δ έως 20δ." Thesis, 1995. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3079.
Full textΚεχαγιάς, Ιωάννης. "Οριοθέτηση στη διάγνωση και θεραπεία της σοβαρής και οξείας παγκρεατίτιδας και των επιπλοκών της βελτιώνει τη νοσηρότητα και θνητότητα." Thesis, 2000. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3095.
Full textΚουρελέας, Σωτήριος. "Ενδοτοξιναιμία και βακτηριακή μετακίνηση σε πειραματικό αποφρακτικό ίκτερο. Δυνατότητες αναστολής του φαινομένου με χορήγηση φαρμακευτικών ουσιών." Thesis, 2002. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3096.
Full textΠάτσαλος, Χριστάκης. "Συγκριτική μελέτη τεχνικών λαπαροσκοπικών απολινώσεων και διάφορων τύπων ραμμάτων." Thesis, 2001. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3071.
Full textΚουρτζής, Νικόλαος. "Μειονεκτήματα και πλεονεκτήματα των μεθόδων αντιμετώπισης των καταγμάτων της διάφυσης της κνήμης ανάλυση 360 καταγμάτων." Thesis, 1992. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3093.
Full textΕυθυμίου, Βασίλειος. "Η επίδραση της απώλειας βάρους, μετά από βαριατρική χειρουργική επέμβαση, στην ποιότητα ζωής σε ασθενείς με σοβαρού βαθμού παχυσαρκία." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8607.
Full textObesity is considered one of the most relevant problems of modern societies, as it constitutes a predominant risk factor in the development of various diseases. Obesity is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes, for cancer and chronic diseases, including osteoarthritis, liver and kidney disease, sleep apnea and depression. The long term effects of diet, exercise and medical therapy on weight are relatively poor. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for obesity and is considered for all patients with BMI more than 40 kg/m2 and for those with a BMI of more than 35 kg/m2 with concomitant obesity related conditions, after failure of other options as dietary, lifestyle and drug administration, which are often ineffective. The current study was conducted in the Department of Surgery of the University of Patras Medical School, between October 2008 and April 2010. Our sample are 80 (30 men and 50 women) patients who admitted in the Surgery Clinic to undergo a Bariatric Operation.The patients were approached before the operation and invited to take part in the study. The purpose of the study was to measure the Health related quality of life and Sexual functioning, before and after a Bariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a multi-dimensional concept that includes domains related to physical, mental, emotional and social functioning. HRQOL focuses on the impact of a disease or a medical treatment, on one’s physical and mental wellbeing and on his every day private and social life. Sexuality is an equally important aspect of human well-being and prosperity. Sexual functioning interacts and influences the mental health and the quality of life. The research results show that obesity negatively affects the sexual quality life of the individual, associated with sexual dysfunction in obese women and with erectile dysfunction and general sexual dysfunction in obese men. This makes it necessary to assess sexual functioning when evaluating the effectiveness of several treatments for obesity. All the patients who accepted, were administered the questionnaires accessing Health related quality of life as the sort form 36 questionnaire (SF36). Sexual Functioning was estimated by the Female Sexual function Index (FSFI) for the women, and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) for the men. Patients were administered the questionnaires by a member of our research team who offered assistance when needed and checked the answers for omissions. The patients completed the questionnaires before the operation and 1 month, 6 months and 1 year after the weight loss operation. Sociodemographic data were elicited including age, gender, smoking, educational level and marital status. Comorbidities information was obtained from the hospital charts. The women asked for their gynecological status. If the cycle was regular, irregular or if they were after menopausal. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of The University Hospital of Patras, and all participants gave written inform consent before study entry. All the patients were eligible for bariatric operation according the indications for bariatric surgery. The severity of obesity was measured by the B.M.I. (kg/m2). Adults with BMI >25 kg/m2 are overweight, >30 kg/m2 are obese and >40 kg/m2 are considered morbidly obese. The type of procedure performed, was based on specific selection criteria according to an algorithm developed in our center, whereby patients with body mass index (BMI) over 50 kg/m2 undergo biliopancreatic diversion with RYGB (BPD-RYGB) as modified in our center, while patients with BMI under 50 kg/m2 undergo RYGB with long limb (RYGB-LL) or Sleeve Gastrectomy (S.G.), depending on comorbidities and eating habits. RESULTS: Body mass index (BMI) significantly decreased over time (p<0.001). Apart from male orgasm, all sexual functioning components as well as all SF-36 sub-scales improved between T1 and T4. The maximum improvement was observed between T2 and T3. Baseline HRQOL scores correlated with postoperative improvement in all HRQOL components. BMI improvement was correlated with improvement in role physical, bodily pain and mental health scores. Baseline total sexual satisfaction score independently predicted total satisfaction improvement in both genders. The basic levels of total sexual satisfaction (T1-Total Satisfaction score) were independent significant predictor for postoperative improvement in overall sexual satisfaction in both sexes. The results showed that Physical Function,Vitality, the Bodily Pain, and General Health, all improved with the progress of time. The Role Physical improved over time, and finally the improvement in Role Emotional, and Mental Health, followed the same trends. The results for each age and sex were statistically similar. Sexual quality of life improved 1 year after bariatric surgery, in both men and women. All indicators suggest that HRQOL and sexual quality of life improved postoperatively compared to the levels before surgery. CONCLUTIONS The Bariatric surgery accompanied by a significant degree of reduction in body weight (BMI) and improvement in quality of life (HRQOL) and sexual function in patients with morbid obesity. The greatest degree of improvement was observed between the 1 and 6 months postoperatively. The improvement in HRQOL and sexual function correlated significantly with basic preoperative levels of these, while the reduction in BMI was associated with significant improvement in only three aspects of HRQOL. The baseline levels of BMI was reversely significant associated with postoperatively improvement in physical functioning and bodily pain aspects of HRQOL, 1 year postoperatively.
Σκριβιλιωτάκης, Σπύρος. "Κλινική μελέτη του γ-NAIL και του κοχλιωτού ολισθαίνοντα ήλου στην αντιμετώπιση των καταγμάτων της περιοχής των τροχαντήρων. Στοιχεία εμβιομηχανικής γ-NAIL." Thesis, 1995. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/2825.
Full textΣτάση, Καλλιόπη. "Μελέτη των υποδοχέων νευροδιαβιβαστών στον αμφιβληστροειδή χιτώνα και στον εγκέφαλο γενετικών μοντέλων νευροεκφυλιστικών νόσων: επίδραση της εμφύτευσης εμβρυικών νευρώνων." Thesis, 2001. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/2844.
Full textΖουμπούλης, Παναγιώτης. "Ολική αρθροπλαστική ισχίου χωρίς τσιμέντο υπολογιστικός προεγχειρητικός σχεδιασμός (CAD/CAE) και ποσοτικός προσδιορισμός της περιπροσθετικής οστικής αναγέννησης και ανακατασκευής με τη χρήση Q-Spect." Thesis, 2000. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3089.
Full textΚρουσταλλάκης, Γεώργιος. "Υπερέχει η ασφαλιζόμενη ενδομυελική ήλωση έναντι των άλλων μεθόδων αντιμετώπισης των καταγμάτων της διάφυσης του μηριαίου." Thesis, 1997. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3092.
Full textΚατσένης, Δημήτριος. "Η εφαρμογή των κυκλικών συστημάτων εξωτερικής οστεοσύνθεσης στην αντιμετώπιση των υψηλής ενέργειας καταγμάτων του άνω πέρατος της κνήμης." 2003. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/359.
Full textDespite the fact that, the first paper on tibial plateau fractures was published by Tsamahyn in 1852, their treatment remains a challenge for the orthopaedic surgeon. Most authors recognized very soon that there is a strong association between the high energy tibial plateau fractures and coexisting lesions of the majority of intra- and extra articular tissues of the knee area, and subsequently, almost all the spectrum of conservative and surgical means have been applied for their treatment. From early ‘60s until late ‘80s, the most common treatment approach to these injuries was open reduction and internal fixation based on AO principles. However, this treatment was condemned with severe complications and alternative options were required. In mid ‘80s, the application of Ilizarov method for the treatment of complex fractures began to spread in Western Orthopaedic Community, and in beginning ‘90s the first reports on the treatment of tibial plateau fractures by Ilizarov technique appeared on the literature. Based on these preliminary reports, we started in 1992 to use the ring and hybrid external fixators for the treatment of Schatzker type V and VI fractures, aiming mainly to the elimination of the increased morbidity of the traditional method. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological results, to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the method and finally to draw useful conclusions for the application of the ring and hybrid fixators in the treatment of the entire pathology of these injuries. The main characteristics of the method are the closed or limited open reduction, the stabilization of the fragments with smooth wires- with or without olive - the adjustment of the wires to circular rings and finally the tensioning of the flexible wires which converts them to rigid wires capable to withstand the interfragmental forces and lead to fracture healing. From 1992 until 2001 we treated 82 Schatzker type V and VI. All fractures were caused by a high energy impact, and 27(33%) were open. Complex injury based on Tscherne-Lobenhoffer classification was recorded in 68(83%) fractures. Using the principles of ligamentotaxis the treatment was applied by closed means in 42(51%) fractures. Additional internal fixation was added in 42(51%) fractures. We used thirty ring and fifty two hybrid fixators. Extension of the external fixation to the distal femur was considered mandatory in 42(51%) fractures. The average follow up was 41.3 months (range 11 to 88). To define the union of the fracture we included clinical and radiological criteria. A painfree joint with full weight bearing, radiographic absence of any fracture line and obvious evidence of bridging trabeculae were the main criteria to establish the fracture healing. The union was named as delayed if it had not been completed after a period of 20 weeks. Non union was considered after a period of 32 weeks. To assess the results we used the evaluation system of Honkonen-Jarvinen, that takes into consideration the final subjective, clinical, functional and radiological result. Solid radiographic and clinical union was achieved in 69 (84%) fractures with a mean time of union 14.5 weeks (range 12 to 20 weeks). The mean external fixation time was 16 weeks (range 13 to 30 weeks). The mean external fixation extension time was 6 weeks (range 4 to 6 weeks). At the last follow up, 58% of the patients presented with an excellent or good clinical and radiological result. However the radiographic appearance was not always consistent with the clinical or functional result. We recorded a delayed healing process in 8 fractures. All these fractures united at a mean time of 22 weeks (range 20 to 30 weeks) without any other action to be undertaken. Superficial inflammation of the surgical wound was recorded in 4 patients (5%). The inflammation subsided in all cases with oral antibiotics. Pin tract infection was noted in 15(18.3%) patients. All but one subsided with oral antibiotics. We did not need to replace or remove any of the transfixion wires. Six (7.3%) patients with a clinically and laboratory established deep venous thrombosis were treated successfully with anticoagulation medicines. Five (6%) patients with a clinically and laboratory established pulmonary embolism were treated conservatively and they recovered uneventfully. After the removal of the frame seven (8.5%) patients presented with no satisfactory motion of the joint. Five underwent a manipulation of the knee under anesthesia. One patient had an arthrolysis surgery. Finally one patient remained with poor knee motion. We recorded three fractures with malunion. All of them presented with an unacceptable varus deviation of the metaphysis. We had one patient with a septic pseudoarthrosis of the diaphyseal fragment. Two patients at the last follow up presented with peroneal nerve paresis. Statistical analysis showed significant deterioration of the posttraumatic arthritis over time. No significant correlation between the fracture type and the final result was found. Bridging of the knee improved the final score but without statistically significant difference. According to most surgeons the target of the treatment of the tibial condyles fractures should be a painfree, stable knee, well controlled by the musculature, with functional mobility and without all these factors which may lead to degenerative arthritis in the future. The parameters that must be established to achieve a functional result are the satisfactory reduction of the fracture and the articular surface, the stable osteosynthesis, the sound healing of the bone, the stability of the joint, the simultaneous treatment of the concomitant lesions, the avoidance of any additional iatrogenic damage of the osseous and soft tissues, and finally the elimination of the complications. The variety of reduction maneuvers that the ring and hybrid fixators offer is unique. Their adjustability at any three dimensional displacement even of the small fragments combined with the possibility of postoperative correction of the reduction renders them to a four dimensional apparatus. AO surgeons state that for Schatzker type VI fractures double plating is necessary whereas in severely comminuted fracrures three or even four plates have been proposed. Even so, the fixation is not always stable and sometimes additional knee braces have to be placed to protect postoperatively the reduction. Watson comparing double plating of the tibial bicondylar fractures with transfixion wires fixation found no difference. Using the ring and hybrid fixators, the small fragments can be stabilized by the fine (1.5 mm) wires, and the cancellous metaphyseal bone can be elevated and supported adequately converting the unstable fractures to stable. In severely comminuted fractures extension of the fixation to the distal femur offer additional stability to the complex bone-osteosynthesis. Bridging of the knee provide an external bracing of the unstable fracture which is beneficial for the healing process. In this study 38(46%) fractures were identified as very unstable with an extensive comminution of the articular surface, a deficit of the netaphyseal bone stock and metaphyseal-diaphyseal dissociation. Twenty-nine of them were treated with extension of the external fixation proximal to the knee. None of them lost the reduction. Contrary to high tibial corrective osteostomies, nonunion is very rare after tibial plateau fractures. In this study we had no aseptic nonunion despite the fact that we had eight (10%) fractures that took more than 20 weeks until the healing process was completed. The personality of the method allows to the surgeon to individualize the approach depending on the fracture pattern. Limited or extensive approaches may be used with respect to the integrity of the soft tissues, the periosteum and the small bony fragments. The postoperative stability of the joint is considered one of the most important factors that affect the final outcome. Marsh stated that the final functional result is related closer to the joint stability than the articular surface reduction. Laxity of the joint may be caused by either poor reduction or coexisting ligamentous lesion. In this study, osseous avulsion of the ligament insertion was an indication for acute ligament repair. Mid substance tear was treated with joint bracing through knee bridging. In the last follow up 76 (92%) knees were found stable or with a 1st degree laxity. Lack of extension less than 5 degrees was achieved in 67(82%) patients, whereas functional flexion was achieved in 79(92%) patients. These results are significantly better than Gaudinez’s study who achieved a range of motion from -8 degrees extension to 100 degrees flexion and slightly better than Raikin’s study who had a range of motion from –5 degrees extension to 106 degrees flexion. Complications encountered with the application of the ring and hybrid fixators are less severe than in the conventional treatment. The most serious complication is septic arthritis but in this study we had none. One septic pseudoarthosis was recorded but this impressively low comparing with other studies with open reduction and internal fixation where the rate of deep infection was recorded as high as 50%. High energy injury of the upper part of tibia usually cause a combined damage of the osseous and soft tissues of the knee area. The severity of the initial impact and the treatment approach define the final outcome. The respect of biological integrity of the soft tissues, the satisfactory reduction of the fracture, the stable fixation, the successful treatment of the coexisting lesions, the stability of the joint, the prompt rehabilitation of the patient, and the elimination of the postoperative complications are the main factors that affect the final result. Tension wires fixation offer an alternative approach to these difficult fractures with satisfactory results. However despite the early satisfactory results a great number of patients are expected that they will develop some degree of knee degenerative disease in the future.
Κακκός, Σταύρος. "Καρκίνος του θυρεοειδούς προεγχειρητική διάγνωση και αντιμετώπιση." Thesis, 1995. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3046.
Full textΧριστοδούλου, Γεώργιος. "Κλινική υπερηχογραφική - ακτινολογική μελέτη της μεσοστέου μεμβράνης κνήμης - περόνης στα κατάγματα της ποδοκνημικής B και C κατά Weber." Thesis, 1996. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3083.
Full textΜαστοράκος, Δημήτριος. "Ο ρόλος της L-αργινίνης στο σύνδρομο επαναιμάτωσης σε δερματικούς κρημνούς στον επίμυ." 2004. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/365.
Full textThe intraperitoneal use of L-Arginine in a model of rat skin Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury using island- and pedicle-flaps, protects against flap neutrophil accumulation and flap tissue loss. Negation of such an effect by the use of the Nitric Oxide (NO) synthase blocker L-NAME (Νω-Nitro-L-Arginine-methylester) suggests this effect is NO mediated.
The intraperitoneal use of L-Arginine in a model of rat skin Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury using island- and pedicle-flaps, protects against flap neutrophil accumulation and flap tissue loss. Negation of such an effect by the use of the Nitric Oxide (NO) synthase blocker L-NAME (Νω-Nitro-L-Arginine-methylester) suggests this effect is NO mediated.
Φούντας, Κωνσταντίνος Ν. "Η σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων της προεγχειρητικής εκτιμήσεως των όγκων του εγκεφάλου με τη βοήθεια της μαγνητικής φασματοσκοπίας πρωτονίου και της ανοικτής χειρουργικής βιοψίας." 2003. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/357.
Full textThe ability of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to differentiate neoplastic brain cells and their metabolic and structural characteristics is evaluated. We examined 120 patients with brain tumors using a 1.5-tesla MRI unit and MRS. The peak areas of N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), phosphocreatinecreatine (Pcr-Cr), choline-containing compounds (Cho), lactate (Lac), lipids, myoinositol, amino acids and the metabolic ratios of NAA/Pcr-Cr, NAA/Cho and Cho/Pcr-Cr were calculated by a standard integral algorithm. In normal brain tissue, the following metabolites were identified: NAA at 2.0 ppm, Pcr-Cr at 3.0 ppm and Cho at 3.0 ppm. The different concentrations of the metabolites examined and their role in the biochemical profile of different types of tumors are discussed. The confidence interval of the MRS versus pathology was between 0.9 and 0.954, while it was between 0.52 and 0.631 for MRI versus pathology. The Cho/Pcr-Cr ratio is a very important malignancy marker for histologic tumor grading of astrocytomas. The greater this ratio, the higher the grade of the astrocytoma. NAA/Pcr-Cr together with Cho/Pcr-Cr help specify the presence or absence of a neoplasm. Proton MRS is a useful and promising diagnostic modality not only in diagnosing but also in grading solid brain tumors.
Γούδας, Λεωνίδας Κωνσταντίνος. "Κλινική μελέτη της μετεγχειρητικής αντιμετώπισης ασθενών με ενδοραχιαία χορήγηση υδροχλωρικής κλονιδίνης. Αναλγητική δράση - Αιμοδυναμική συμπεριφορά - Επιπλοκές." Thesis, 1994. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3068.
Full textΜπαραδάκη, Χαλάρη Ελένη. "Μεταβολές της δραστικότητας του μετατρεπτικού ενζύμου της αγγειογένεσης (ACE) κατά την διάρκεια καρδιοχειρουργικών επεμβάσεων μετά την χορήγηση νιτροπρωσικού νατρίου, νιτρογλυκερίνης και νιφεδιπίνης." Thesis, 1993. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3085.
Full textΚαμπίλη, Μαρία. "Μετεγχειριτικές διαταραχές του πνευμονικού παρεγχύματος μετά από νευροχειρουργικές επεμβάσεις." Thesis, 1990. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3086.
Full textΜαρώση, Τρισεύγενη. "Προσομοίωση κατάγματος πτέρνας και εσωτερικής οστεοσύνθεσης πτέρνας με πλάκα και βίδες." Thesis, 2001. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3198.
Full textΠαπαδούλας, Σπύρος. "Αποτελέσματα και επιπλοκές της χολοπαγκρεατικής εκτροπής με γαστρική παράκαμψη Roux-Y στην αντιμετώπιση ασθενών με δείκτη σωματικής μάζας > 50." Thesis, 2004. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3384.
Full textΛιαρόπουλος, Κωνσταντίνος. "Σύνδρομο αποτυχημένης οσφυικής δισκεκτομής." Thesis, 2003. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3912.
Full textΕυαγγελίου, Νικόλαος, and Πέτρος Γιαταγάνας. "Κατάσκευη και έλεγχος ρομποτικού πολυαρθρωτού εργαλείου με χρήση έξυπνων υλικών." Thesis, 2011. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/4688.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to acquire a fundamental knowledge of all the different design parameters, which must be evaluated in order to be able to fabricate and control a multi-DOF manipulator. Moreover, all the analytical control techniques based on the particularities of the shape memory alloys will be shown in details, in order to provide an efficient solution based on the variations of the alloys and the specific manipulator. In other words, the knowhow of building, evaluating, controlling and displaying a functional tiny multi- DOF SMA-based manipulator for minimally invasive surgery is the purpose of this work.
Μαρκάκη, Έλλη. "Μελέτη των παραγόντων που οδηγούν στη μεταβολή του σωματικού βάρους ασθενών με εξωπυραμιδική συνδρομή, που υποβάλλονται σε χειρουργική θεραπεία με εμφύτευση ηλεκτροδίων στον εγκέφαλο και εν τω βάθει ηλεκτρικό ερεθισμό." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/7468.
Full textDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is a widely accepted and highly effective treatment method for patients with medically refractory idiopathic Parkinson's desease. Various studies have shown that DBS of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) results in increased body weight, the mechanism of which is still unknown. In recent years there were various theories as to the possible mechanism of this weight gain. According to the most interesting theory, weight gain is due to a disruption of the central mechanism that regulates food intake. It is known that the hypothalamus plays a central role in the regulation of energy homeostasis: it receives, processes and interprets orexigenic and anorexigenic signals such as ghrelin, NPY and leptin. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of STN DBS in the regulation of energy homeostasis, through the disruption of orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides ghrelin, leptin and NPY. Twenty three patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s desease who underwent STN DBS in our clinic were included in our study (15 males - 8 females, age : 65,2 ± 8,9 years, disease duration : 12,7 ± 6chronia ). Each patient was examined at three consecutive time points: 3 days before surgery, 3 and 6 months after surgery. At each clinical appointment all patients underwent body composition measurements including body weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat mass, as well as blood sampling for the measurement of the circulating levels of ghrelin, leptin, NPY and cortisol. Three days before and 6 months after surgery patients were clinically evaluated with the use of the Unified Parkinson's Desease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Schwab and England Scale and Hoehn Yahr scale and the L-dopa daily dose (LEDD) was recorded. The results of our study are summarized as follows : 3 months after surgery there was a significant increase of body weight: (3.09 ± 5.00kg, P = 0.007), with no further increase at 6 months. NPY levels increased significantly 3 months after surgery (p = 0.05), while ghrelin levels increased significantly at 6 months (p = 0.001). Weight gain was significantly correlated with the change of ghrelin and leptin levels at 3 and 6 months respectively. In conclusion, STN DBS seems to temporarily dysregulate the hypothalamic secretion of NPY and ghrelin and weight gain can be attributed to the increased secretion of leptin and ghrelin. Further studies with a larger number of patients are required to confirm the role of peptide dysfunction on weight gain after neurostimulation and to investigate the possible neuroprotective role of DBS, exerted through the increase of ghrelin levels.
Δασκαλάκη, Αναστασία. "Υπολογισμός οπτικού πεδίου ενδοσκοπικής κάμερας και εφαρμογή σε σύστημα επαυξημένης πραγματικότητας για υποβοήθηση του χειρουργού." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/5276.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis was to develop a model of Augmented Reality to assist the surgeon-operator of a robotic machine. The model has been presented for finding the field of special endoscope. For this purpose we built two programs that can manipulate medical data and provide images of the interior of the patient’s model. Specifically, a study was done in the basic methods of Augmented Reality application in Surgery such as, the registration of the patient, the segmentation of medical data, their 3D reconstruction and the detection of endoscopic instruments and the camera. Has been presented the complete theoretical model for applying augmented reality and an analysis of individual procedures was done. Moreover we constructed with the help of Matlab two programs with their GUIs, for preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance/augmentation, respectively. Finally the programs were tested, using 22 MRI slices (format DICOM) with visible brain cancer in the left ventricle. Also were recorded images and data that we get at each step of programs implementation in order to evaluate them. This model was constructed to implement the operations through the daVinci robotic machine. Nevertheless, the general application of the methodology developed in this study may find applications also in other endoscopic procedures
Ζώτου, Αναστασία. "Σύγκριση τεχνικών για την αντιμετώπιση του μετεγχειρητικού πόνου μετά από χολοπαγκρεατική εκτροπή για τη θεραπεία της νοσογόνου παχυσαρκίας, με τη χορήγηση επισκληριδίου αναλγησίας με τοπικό αναισθητικό (λεβοβουπιβακαΐνη) και οπιοειδές (μορφίνη)." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8267.
Full textComparison of techniques for postoperative analgesia management after a weight loss surgery (Βiliary Pancreatic Diversion with Roux-En-Y) by administration of epidural analgesia with local anesthetic (levobupivacaine) and opioid (morphine) Background: Postoperative pain control in morbidly obese patients should aim early mobilization and return of bowel function, without respiratory compromise, as there is a high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Up to date, not sufficient data exist regarding postoperative analgesic management of morbid super-obese (MSO) patients undergoing open bariatric surgery, especially with thoracic epidural levobupivacaine combined with morphine. Methods: In a prospective double blind randomised controlled trial, 96 ASA II-III MSO patients undergoing open BPD-RYGBP, were randomly allocated to six groups (n=16). All groups received postoperatively a continuous epidural morphine infusion of 0.2 mg h-1, while groups A - C received additionally 0.1% levobupivacaine and groups D - F 0.2% levobupivacaine via PCEA, respectively. Groups A and D did not receive intraoperative epidural morphine loading, while groups B, E received additionally 1mg and groups C and F 2 mg morphine bolus intra-operatively respectively. VAS at rest and on cough, PCEA drug consumption, haemodynamic profile, pulmonary function, time to return of bowel function and ambulation, were recorded for 48h. Results: Pain scores did not differ among groups. Doubling the concentration of levobupivacaine increased considerably its consumption (P < 0.001), without improving analgesia. The increase in perioperative morphine (groups B,C,E,F) and levobupivacaine doses (groups D-F) led to prolonged time to bowel function (P < 0.05 to 0.01) and ambulation (P < 0.05 to 0.01), respectively. Although obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) prevalence was 69% to 81% among groups, no incidence of respiratory depression was observed. Haemodynamic profile and pulmonary function were well preserved and did not differ among groups. Conclusions: Thoracic PCEA with 0.1% levobupivacaine combined with a continuous daily epidural morphine dose of 0.2 mg h-1, without morphine loading, is an effective approach regarding adequate pain control, early mobilization and return of bowel function in MSO patients, especially in those with OSA.
Γιανναδάκης, Πέτρος. "Επιμηκύνσεις μακρών οστών με τη μέθοδο Ilizarov και η σημασία των υπερήχων στον έλεγχο της νεοστεογένεσης." Thesis, 1995. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3184.
Full textΠαπαδόπουλος, Γεώργιος Μάριος. "Επανασχεδιασμός ρομποτικού λαπαροσκοπικού εργαλείου." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8240.
Full textThe subject of this master thesis is the design, the fabrication, the construction and the control of a surgical robotic tool with improved characteristics than previous version. The laparoscopic tool consists of cascaded links which are powered by Shape Memory Alloys wires, acting as binary actuators with two stable states. Each link is composed of three prismatic actuators, creating a Stewart platform and providing a 3-DOF maneuverability for each joint. The electronics are embedded in the inner cavity of the links in, Master-Slave architecture. The communication between the surgeon and the tool is achieved with I2C-networked microcontrollers. In the distal link of the tool, there is a stereoscopic camera and an IMU board that offers orientation information. Moreover, a Force Sensing System, that is able to be attached to the next version of the current tool. Finally, certain design aspects as well as the kinematics of the binary manipulator are presented simulation and experimental studies on the laparoscopic tool prototype.
Παναγή, Ζωή. "Εκτίμηση των επιπέδων λιποδιαλυτών βιταμινών στον ορό του αίματος υπερ-παχύσαρκων ασθενών που έχουν υποβληθεί σε βαριατρική επέμβαση τύπου Roux-en-Y γαστρικής παράκαμψης με χολοπαγκρεατική εκτροπή." Thesis, 2008. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/1399.
Full textBackground: Bariatric surgery seems to be the only effective approach for the long-term management of morbid obesity. Weight loss after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass with Biliopancreatic Diversion (RYGBP/BPD) is mainly due to decreased calorie absorption secondary to fat malabsorption. Fat malabsorption may also cause essential fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies which may become clinically significant if not recognized and properly treated. Prevention of these vitamin deficiencies includes both supplementation and routine measuring of serum values. In this work, an investigation was undertaken to examine preoperative and short-term (1 year) postoperative levels of fat-soluble vitamins in patients undergoing RYGBP/BPD. Methods: Study population consisted of 15 super-obese (BMI>50kg/m2) patients who had undergone RYGBP/BPD. Routine postoperative daily supplementation consisted of 4000 IU (1200 μg) vitamin A, 2000 IU (50 μg) vitamin D3, 10 mg vitamin E and 2000 mg calcium. Preoperative and postoperative serum levels of fat-soluble vitamins A, D3, 25(OH)D3, E, K2, were measured in these patients by HPLC. Results: All vitamin levels tended to decrease with time after RYGBP/BPD operation despite that all patients were taking daily multivitamin supplements p.o. postoperatively. One year after the bariatric operation, a significant decrease (P<0.05) in D3, 25(OH)D3, E and K2 levels was observed compared to the preoperative levels. This decrease led to vitamin deficiency one year after the operation, the incidence of which was 7,7% for vitamin A, 41.7% for vitamin 25(OH) D3 and 27.3% for K2. Concerning vitamin E, all patients had lower than normal levels even before operation and the deficiency insisted even after operation, despite the administration of vitamin supplements to the patients. The low preoperative serum vitamin E levels in the patients confirmed that obese individuals are at high risk of vitamin E deficiency. Conclusions: The serum levels of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K decreased with time following RYGBP/BPD operation in morbidly obese patients, despite that the patients received vitamin supplements postoperatively. The results of our study indicate that patients undergoing the RYGBP/BPD operation need long-term postoperative monitoring of serum fat-soluble vitamin levels. This will facilitate the administration of appropriate doses of multivitamin supplements to these patients, preventing vitamin deficiency to become of clinical significance.
Ανεσίδης, Ευστάθιος. "Συγκριτική μελέτη της απώλειας βάρους και της εμφάνισης επιπλοκών, ασθενών με νοσογόνο παχυσαρκία (ΒΜΙ 40-50) που υποβάλλονται σε γαστρική παράκαμψη Roux-en-Y και χολοπαγκρεατική παράκαμψη με Roux-en-Y αποκατάσταση." Thesis, 2006. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/4013.
Full textThe aim of the present study was the comparison of the effectiveness and the metabolic complications of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) versus a variant of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) in an exclusively non-superobese population. The main characteristics of the BPD were: gastric pouch 15 ± 5 ml, biliopancreatic limb 200 cm, common channel 100 cm and alimentary limb the remainder of the small intestine. The main characteristics of the RYGBP were: gastric pouch 15 ± 5 ml, biliopancreatic limb 60 cm, Roux limb 100 cm and common channel the remainder of the small intestine. Of 130 patients with BMI 35-50 kg/m2, 65 underwent RYGBP and 65 underwent BPD. All patients completed their second postoperative year. Mean excess weight loss (EWL) was better after BPD at all time periods, and the %EWL was > 50% in all BPD patients compared to 88.7% of RYGBP patients. Glucose intolerance, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and sleep apnea completely resolved in all patients in both groups, although mean total cholesterol level was significantly lower in BPD patients at second year. Diabetes completely resolved in all BPD patients and in 7 of the 10 RYGBP patients. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in early and late non-metabolic complications. Hypoalbuminemia occured in only 1 patient after RYGBP (1.5%) and in 6 patients after BPD (9.2%). Only 1 patient from each group was hospitalized and received total parenteral nutrition. We conclude that the metabolic complications that occured following this type of BPD were not severe nor significantly different between the two groups, therefore both operations can be considered safe and effective for non-superobese patients, but BPD is more effective in weight loss as well as the resolution of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.
Μαζαράκης, Ανδρέας. "Επίδραση της χειρουργικής θεραπείας παχυσαρκίας στο καρδιαγγειακό σύστημα." Thesis, 2009. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/2955.
Full textBody weight gain and obesity represent a rapidly growing threat for public health that affect countries all over the world, mainly of the developed world and less the developing countries, consisting a major topic of interest, for patients, health provider and persons involved in the health system. Nowadays obesity considered to be so frequent as a problem that other classic clinical entities as malnutrition and infectious diseases lose their main role as reasons for bad hygiene. The only acceptable strategy that could be efficient not only in relation to with health, but also under logistic conditions, would be a therapeutical approach for the entire population. However such a strategy could be characterized at least a therapeutic challenge if not utopic. Having depleted any other approach (either a simple dietary program, commercial weight loss programs or dietician guidance) and failing to achieve stable and long term weight loss, a large group of morbidly obese people seems to prefer surgical solutions. Surgical management of obesity seems to be the most efficient therapeutic approach that ensures complete resolution of comorbidities that are related with body weight gain. The purpose of our study was to observe if gastric bypass is related with aortic and LV functional changes, in morbidly obese patients in 3 and 36 months after surgery. We performed echocardiographic measurements in 60 morbidly obese patients who had gastric bypass, 20 morbidly obese that did not had surgery and 40 persons with normal body mass index. All of them had similar age, sex and risk factors as it was mentioned in the reference visit. We measured aortic tension, distensability and aortic pressure, we conducted Doppler echocardiography for diastolic function of LV , E/A ratio, isovolumic relaxation time and deceleration time. Echocardiographic measurements of the aorta and diastolic function of LV were affected more in morbidly obese patients than the control group with normal blood pressure. During observation time in 3 and 36 months , LV mass, functional measurements of the aorta and diastolic function of LV were normalized. Aortic distensability 1,9 presurgically, 3,4 in 3 months and 4,3 in 36 months, correlated with 3,36 in persons with normal BMI. No relation was observed in the group of patients that did not lose weight. BMI reduction after surgery is correlated statistically significant with improvement of aortic function, as well as , isovolumic relaxation time based on age, sex, hypertension and lipid profile. Conclusively body weight loss achieved with obesity surgery, decreases ventricular hypertrophy and consequently improves LV function in morbidly obese patients in a period of 3 years.
Χαβελές, Ιωάννης. "Μελέτη της αναγεννητικής ικανότητας του ήπατος μετά από μερική ηπατεκτομή." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/5763.
Full textLiver regeneration is a unique ability, because of the way it proceeds, i.e. the proliferation of all categories of all mature liver cell types. It is highly possible that this ability is known to human kind since the ancient times, as pictured in Prometheus’ myth. The great scientific interest towards deciphering this complex process is, of course, highly justified. The most common model for the study of the process of regeneration is the surgical model of the 2/3 partial hepatectomy (PHx) in small rodents, predominantly the rat. 2/3 partial hepatectomy leads to a highly synchronized hepatocyte cell-cycle entry and progres¬sion. The first phase, known as the ‘priming phase’, occurs in the first hours after PH and poises the hepatocytes to enter the G1 phase and to become receptive to growth factors. The second phase corresponds to an increased metabolic demand imposed on the remnant liver. During this phase, among other metabolic changes, transient hypoglycemia is suggested to induce systemic lipolysis followed by a lipid droplets accumulation in the hepa¬tocytes. During this phase, am major role is played by the autocrine intercellular network. In rodents, this phase is completed in 4 days post-PHx and is followed by the termination phase. Ending the regenerative process is an equally complex, multiparameter process. The weight of the liver is regulated proportionally to the animal’s body weight with remarkable accuracy, sometimes employing an apoptotic wave. The termination phase of the regenerative process ends with normal hepatic histological structure restoration and matrix remodeling. Liver regeneration is a phenomenon that has been thoroughly studied in the past. Nevertheless, a point of emerging research interest has been adopted in the present study: the possible regulatory role of microRNAs in liver regeneration. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules (approx. 22 nts long), which have been discovered quite recently but through research they are quickly emerging as cornerstone regulatory means in a large number of cellular functions. In the beginning of this study, data existed implicating microRNAs in the regeneration of zebrafish fins, regeneration in planarian worms and wound healing. The hypothesis that they may have a role in liver regeneration was made and a large part of this study is concerned with investigating the existence of such a role. The researchers began with revising and standardizing the method for anesthesia and surgical procedure, which, at the time (2007), were not satisfactory enough in the case of mice (as opposed to the widely used rats), possibly because of the difficulty of operating on a 20 gram animal. Many alterations were made upon the previous techniques. As a result, a procedure was standardized, as described herein, that guarantees a fast procedure (12-15 minutes) accompanied by excellent animal survival (95-100%). Using the above described technique, the first surgical experiment in this study was conducted: 56 animals (wild-type mice) were used, half of which were subjected to 2/3 PHx and the other half were sham operated. Liver samples were collected at time 0 and at several time points during regeneration (1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 hours), with a number of 4 animals per time point. These samples were used in order to confirm the comparability of the new surgical technique to bibliography models. An immunohistochemical dye for the protein Ki-67 was performed, thus revealing the number of hepatic cells undergoing proliferation at each time point. The 36th hour post-PHx emerged as the point of climax of the proliferative process in the mouse, as expected by previous studies. For further confirmation, the same samples were used to produce simple histological H-E slides, in order to evaluate the evolvement of lipid droplet accumulation in hepatic cells associated with liver regeneration. A semi-quantitative evaluation was conducted, that revealed that maximum lipid accumulation occurs at the time points of 12 and 24 hours (+++) in mouse, again as expected by previous studies. Then the study proceeded with investigating the potential role of microRNAs in liver regeneration. For this, a second surgical experiment was conducted: This time 20 animals (wild-type mice) were used, half of which were subjected to 2/3 PHx and the other half were sham operated. After regenerating for 12 hours, liver samples were harvested from all animals. The choice of the 12-hour interval was made as a time point at the beginning phase of liver regeneration, but not at the very early beginning, with a view to reveal the possible regulatory role of microRNAs at the first stage of the regenerative process. MicroRNA profiling was conducted using specific microarrays, examining the presence of the 598 microRNAs known at the time of this procedure. The results pointed out 8 differentially expressed microRNAs during regeneration: 2 that were up-regulated (-miR-21 and mmu-miR-30b) and 6 that were down-regulated (mmu-miR-34c, mmu-miR-144, mmu-miR-207, mmu-miR-451, mmu-miR-582-3p, mmu-miR-290-5p). Tissue samples from the second experiment were used again in order to confirm the aforementioned results utilizing the RT-qPCR method. This indeed confirmed the microarrays’ results and highlighted mmu-miR-21 as the most differentially expressed miR, indicating a possibly major regulatory role in liver regeneration. In order to link these differentially expressed microRNAs to their cellular and molecular functions, Gene Ontology Analysis was conducted, using TargetScan. Many putative gene-targets for each microRNA emerged, many of which are involved in the process of cellular proliferation. Following the emergence of the major differentiation of mmu-miR-21 within the results of qPCR evaluation and with previous research linking it with cancer cell proliferation regulation, it was decided to further assess the time kinetics of the expression of mmu-miR-21, utilizing tissue samples from the first experiment. Through an RT-qPCR evaluation, it was shown that up-regulation of mmu-miR-21 reaches its zenith at 12 hours post-PHx and remains quite highly expressed until 24 hours. This was further confirmed by in situ hybridization. In conclusion, we were able to standardize a very successful version of the 2/3 hepatectomy procedure adapted for mice. Using this model, the hypothesis of the altered expression of microRNAs during liver regeneration is confirmed, setting suspicion about some kind of regulatory role. Mmu-miR-21 emerges as the most differentially expressed one and possibly having the most important role. The data from the present study supplement preexisting knowledge on the phenomenon of liver regeneration, but also show the way for future research in further clarifying the paths leading to microRNAs’ regulatory role or investigating their potential role in the phases of proliferation or termination of liver regeneration.
Τριανταφυλλόπουλος, Παναγιώτης. "Τα μακροχρόνια αποτελέσματα της χειρουργικής αντιμετώπισης των καταγμάτων της κοτύλης." Thesis, 2006. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/790.
Full textFractures of the acetabulum are severe intra-articular fracture, highenergy injuries, they are usually the result of Road Traffic Accidents or fall from a height and the victims are usually young adults. They are often accompanied by other skeletal or visceral injuries than may be lifethreatening or may require prolonged treatment in the Intensive Care Unit. For many decades their treatment was conservative with poor results in most cases. In the past few decades their treatment has changed to surgical in displaced ones or those than involve the loaded area of the acetabulum, because the surgical treatment has better results. Complications of both conservative and surgical treatment are post-traumatic osteoarthrosis and osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Complications observed mainly after surgical treatment are heterotopic ossification, sciatic nerve palsy, pulmonary embolism and surgical wound infection. Seventy-five patients were studied clinically and roentgenographically with a displaced acetabular fracture of at least 3 mm that were treated surgically over a six-year period. The duration of the follow-up was from 10 to 15 years, with a mean of 12.5 years. Forty-six percent of the patients had associated injuries that required surgical intervention or prolonged treatment in the intensive care unit. The over-all satisfactory clinical result, grouping together the excellent and good results, is 80%. There was a good correlation between clinical and radiological results. The most common complication was heterotopic ossification observed in 19 patients (25.3%). The extended iliofemoral approach had the greater incidence of heterotopic ossification (40%) and the osteotomy of the greater trochanter in the Kocher- Langenebeck approach slightly decreased the incidence of heterotopic ossification. Moreover, post-traumatic osteoarthrosis was seen in 8 patients (10.7%) and osteonecrosis of the femoral head in 6 (8%). One case of deep vein thrombosis, one pulmonary embolism, one non-union of the greater trochanter and one sciatic nerve palsy were other post-surgical complications. In conclusion, surgical treatment of the acetabular fractures in order to achieve anatomical reduction of the acetabulum and congruency with the femoral head, is the ultimate goal for excellent functional outcome in long- term. In most of them, K-L approach is adequate and trochanteric osteotomy, which is indicated for associated acetabular fractures, greatly facilitates the exposure, anatomical reduction and metal work application, and despite the exsisting controversy, it is not correlated to the incidence of heterotopic ossification.
Σφουγγαριστός, Σταύρος. "Η επίπτωση της χειρουργικής τεχνικής στα ογκολογικά και λειτουργικά αποτελέσματα μετά από ριζική προστατεκτομή." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8363.
Full textTo investigate the effect of a modified surgical technique of open retropubic radical prostatectomy, with preservation of maximal urethral length to the level of verumontanum, in postoperative oncological and functional outcomes. Patients and methods: In this study, 360 patients who underwent open retropubic radical prostatectomy from January 2008 until April 2012 were divided into two groups. Patients of group A underwent the classical procedure of radical prostatectomy as it has been described by Walsh and Donker, while patients of group B underwent the modified technique. The oncological outcomes were evaluated by monitoring PSA value for biochemical failure and by recording the incidence of positive surgical margins. Postoperative incontinence was evaluated by the number of pads/day and through ICIQ-SF and IIQ-SF questionnaires. Postoperative erectile dysfunction was assessed by completing IIEF and SEAR questionnaires. We also recorded and analyzed the effect of the surgical modification in postoperative irritative urinary symptoms. Results: Eighty five patients were excluded from the study. Of the 244 patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria, 115 (47.1%) and 129 (52.9%) patients were included in group A and B, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rates of positive surgical margins (p=0.562) and biochemical recurrence (p=0.321) between the groups. There were significantly higher rates of incontinence (p=0.026), urgency (p<0.001) and nocturia (p<0.001) in patients of group A within the first postoperative month. There was also statistically significant difference in the number of pads/day in favor of group B in 1st (p=0.037), 3rd (p=0.003) and 6th (p=0.032) month after the operation. However, this difference disappeared at 12 months postoperatively. Similar results were observed in the scores of ICIQ-SF and IIQ-SF questionnaires, demonstrating improved outcomes in patients of group B within the first 6 months. There were no differences in the incidence rates of postoperative erectile dysfunction and in the scores of IIEF and SEAR questionnaires, as well. Conclusions: We proposed a modified surgical technique with preservation of maximal urethral length until the anatomical landmark of verumontanum. This technique may reduce the time continence recovery in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, without compromising the oncological outcome and disease prognosis.
Μαυρομμάτη, Αναστασία, and Εμμανουήλ Τζωρακολευθεράκης. "Κατασκευή και έλεγχος λαπαροσκοπικού χειρουργικού ρομποτικού βραχίονα με πλεονάζοντες βαθμούς ελευθερίας." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/5301.
Full textThe subject of this work is the development of a prototype hyper-redundant laparoscopic tool. The manipulator consists of cascaded modules which are powered by Shape Memory Alloy wires (NiTi), acting as binary actuators with two stable states. As a result, the repeatability of the manipulator’s movement is ensured, alleviating the need for sensing of the manipulator’s joint-positions. Each module is composed of three active prismatic actuators in a tripod configuration providing a 3-DOF (two rotational and one translational) maneuverability for each joint. I2C-networked microcontrollers activate the individual tendon in each joint. Certain design aspects as well as the kinematics of the binary manipulator are presented followed by simulation and experimental studies on the laparoscopic tool prototype.
Καουτζάνης, Μάριος. "Αποτελέσματα χειρουργικής αντιμετώπισης των οξέων επισκληρίδιων αιματωμάτων σε σχέση προς την κλίμακα κώματος της Γλασκώβης." Thesis, 1990. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3035.
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