Academic literature on the topic '互動效應'

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Journal articles on the topic "互動效應"

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PANTERA, Matt. "Collaborative Spirit Can Transform Parks & Recreation Worldwide." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 1, no. 2 (1995): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.11157.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract in Chinese only.兒童是未來社會的棟樑,培養兒童成為一位良好的公民是家長和老師的責任。在兒童成長過程中,給與具敎育意義的運動及康樂活動是兒童敎育裡的重要一環。要做好這份工作,非個人,一個地區,甚至一個國家所能達成,我們應該倣效野鵝在冬季南飛的v字隊形:互相合作,鼓勵,幫助和輪流領先,以減少獨自飛行前進所遇到的阻力。憑着這種合作精神,公園及康樂的發展更能邁向世界性,從中令更多兒童受惠。
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羅方諾, 羅方諾, 楊茹茵 Stefano A. DeCaro та 江堅肯 Ju-Yin Yang. "運用課堂參與評分系統探討台灣以英語為外語學習環境之學生口說能力學習成效". 華岡英語期刊 27, № 1 (2022): 025–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/221880882022072701002.

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<p>本研究主要為運用課堂參與點數系統與台灣以英語為外語學習之學生及口說能力學習成效之相關研究。當學生以英語為外語學習教室,似乎比較偏向較內顯行為的互動方式來進行語言的習得。社會互動理論是在第二語言發展中最顯而易見的教室互動方式(Kramsch, 1986; Rivers, 1987)。 語言習得理論提到,學習者應有自信的使用該語言、有背景知識來糾正與接受自我學習的方式、還有能力適當的使用該語言。了解這口說能力學習方式的重要性,就能使用溝通式教學法來進行語言學習,並提升相關貢獻度。除此之外,以英語為外語的教學者應該定期的刺激與管理學生在課堂上的出席狀況。本量化研究以口說溝通課程為依據,邀請87位學生參與研究。應用課堂參與點數系統在課堂中可以知道這跟學生的英語程度沒有關係,如同用教科書來當評量工具也是一樣的。課堂參與與考試表現顯示正相關於重複的測驗當中。研究結果顯示在其他的語言因素影響下,有些因素沒有被考慮到或是被拿來評分,比如像是沉默寡言的學生。最後,以研究結果建議進行口說教學策略、教學方法、與學習評量來參考改進有效之口說學習效益,並以參與課程來當以英語為外語學習口說學習的評分依據。</p> <p> </p><p>This study investigated a participation-point system that was found to be associated with increased rates of oral participation among Taiwanese EFL majors. Quantitative data from a sample of 87 students from five English conversation classes showed that the participation rates under this system were generally unrelated to English proficiency, as measured on the textbook publisher’s exams. However, there was a reliable tendency for participation scores to increase with exam scores that were below the class average. Class participation and exam performance each were shown to be strongly intra-correlated in a repeated sample. The results underscore the influence of extra-linguistic factors on speaking reticence and provide quantitative support for the efficacy of participation-based grading in moderately-sized EFL conversation classrooms.</p> <p> </p>
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蔡明芳, 蔡明芳, 侯東旭 Ming-Fang Tsai та 曾莉萍 Tung-Hsu Hou. "孕產婦和新生兒安全的守護者—疫情下的病人安全週創意作為". 醫療品質雜誌 16, № 5 (2022): 044–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/199457952022091605007.

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<p>目的:病人安全是醫療品質的基石,考量須兼顧防疫,我們運用精實思維,以經濟有效的方法創造最大價值,提升民眾與醫療人員對「孕產兒及醫護人員安全」的認知。</p> <p>方法:繪製病人安全活動推廣流程之價值溪流圖,運用流程分析與策略定位找出目標群;組成決策團隊, 建立共識、規劃資源;設計線上遊戲,以趣味性提升活動之吸引力與互動性。</p> <p>結果:衛教參與人數達1,987人、線上響應人數達1,901人;多元宣導發送:信箱1,759人、App 7,274人、LINE 20,008人;滿意度調查顯示工作人員服務態度及服務結果面皆有提升。</p> <p>結論:防疫兼顧活動創意,導入精實虛實整合,以線上宣傳為主軸,顧客觸及率大增;透過小型實體互動及體驗式教學,與時俱進推廣病人安全,有效應用資源,達提升醫療品質、保障病人安全之最終目的。</p> <p> </p><p>Objectives: Patient safety is a cornerstone of healthcare quality. With COVID-19 pandemic prevention in mind, we used lean thinking to effectively maximize value, and improved public and institutional awareness of patient safety in maternal and newborn care. </p> <p>Methods: We drew a value stream map of patient safety promotional activities, adopted process analysis and strategic positioning to identify target groups, and established a decision-making team to build consensus and plan resource management. In addition, we designed online games that were attractive, interactive, and fun. </p> <p>Results: A total 1,987 and 1,901 participants joined health education activities and online games, respectively. The activities were publicized through a variety of platforms: 1,759 notifications were sent by email, 7,274 by app, and 20,008 by LINE (a social messaging app). The satisfaction survey indicated improvements in service attitude and staff performance. </p> <p>Conclusion: To provide creatively designed activities and ensure social distancing, we integrated virtual and real implementation using lean thinking and focused on online promotional activities. The customer reach rate greatly increased. Through small-scale entity interaction and experiential teaching, we improved patient safety and medical quality.</p> <p> </p>
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黃振維, 黃振維, 曾鵬宇 曾鵬宇 та 葉素玲 葉素玲. "精準輕推:以客戶為導向的商業應用". 應用心理研究 81, № 81 (2024): 001–44. https://doi.org/10.53106/156092512024120081001.

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<p>輕推(Nudge)的相關概念與應用早已行之有年,從感官知覺與藝術設計,到企業與客戶間的互動關係,再到金融與公共政策領域,都能看到輕推的巧妙運用。商業活動與我們的生活息息相關,但先前對輕推應用於商業領域的研究較少系統性整理,因此本文在應用介紹方面專注於與金融或商業活動相關的輕推。此外,過往研究探討了各種輕推運用的方式與有效性,但同樣的輕推方式不一定適合不同特質的人,若能精準輕推便能更有效提升個人福祉,因此本文也對輕推與心理學領域的性格特質、情緒等做延伸性探討。本文首先對輕推的理論做基本的介紹,再聚焦輕推在政府、企業、與金融或商業活動等相關應用,然後探討輕推使用上可能的風險以及因應的方法,最後整理並凸顯心理學中,心理特質的探討在輕推研究與應用上的發展潛力,以達到精準輕推的目的。期望藉著本文的回顧整理,讀者不僅對輕推的概念與應用有更廣泛的了解,也藉本文的梳理,了解更多輕推未來有潛力的研究方向。最後,輕推的使用者可透過本文,檢視輕推的目的、形式、客群、與強度,設計出最有效且最合適的輕推方式。</p> <p> </p><p>The concept of "nudge" has gained prominence over time across diverse domains, from sensory perception and artistic design to interactions between businesses and customers, and even within the fields of finance and public policy. Although commercial activities are closely linked to our daily lives, systematic reviews on nudging within the business realm have been relatively sparse. Therefore, this paper focuses on applications related to financial or commercial activities. Previous research has looked into various methods/techniques and the effectiveness of nudging, however, the same approach may not be appropriate for individuals with different personality traits. Precision in nudging can more effectively enhance individual well-being. Consequently, this paper also explores the relationship between nudging and psychological aspects such as personality traits and emotions. This paper begins with a fundamental introduction to nudge theory, then examines its applications in government, corporate, financial, and commercial settings. It further discusses potential risks associated with nudging and possible mitigation strategies. Finally, it highlights the development potential of integrating psychological traits in nudge research and application to achieve precision nudging. Through this review, the paper aims to enhance readers’ comprehension of the concepts and applications of nudging, and uncover potential future research directions in nudging. This article also serves as a valuable resource for nudge practitioners to examine the purpose, form, target audience, and intensity of nudges, enabling them to design the most effective and appropriate nudging strategies.</p> <p> </p>
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WONG, Wing Sum. "Physical Education in Pre-primary Education System of Hong Kong." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 22, no. 1 (2016): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.221801.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English. Pre-primary education aims at assuring a balanced development of physical fitness, intelligence, language, interpersonal relation and emotion, nurturing interest of learning, as well as preparing for formal education in the future. Physical activity seems to be part of the pre-primary education in Hong Kong. However, time spent on physical activities in the current pre-primary curriculum is significantly reduced when comparing with that of thirty years ago. Based on the methodology of anthropology, fieldwork was carried out. The study design adopted qualitative and quantitative research methods and aimed at exploring in what extent principals, officers and teachers of kindergartens in Hong Kong were concerned about physical activity patterns of preschool children, understanding how they critiqued the environment and facilities in relation to physical activities, and knowing how they commented to their self-efficacy on leading pre-primary physical activities. It was found that physical activity had not been addressed adequately in the curriculum design of pre-primary education in Hong Kong. The self-efficacy on leading pre-primary physical activities was quite low among pre-primary teachers. The environment and availability of facilities were not favorable to the execution of pre-primary physical activity programmes. Physical education orientates pre-primary education in the future. 學前教育是要使幼兒在體能、智慧、語言、社群及情緒等方面有均衡的發展,並培養他們對學習的興趣,為日後的教育作好準備。香港學前教育應該或多或少包含身體活動元素,然而相對於三十年前的課程,現時幼稚園課程冢內的身體活動時數似乎大幅減少了。本研究以人類學常用的田野調查作為方法論,採用定性與定量研究合併的互補取徑,探討香港幼稚園校長、主任和老師對幼兒身體活動的關注程度,以及瞭解她們對活動環境配套和帶領身體活動的自我效能評價。研究發現香港學前教育課程設計對幼兒身體活動的關注程度不足,老師帶領身體活動的自我效能評價普遍偏低,而且幼稚園的活動環境配套不利於幼兒身體活動的執行。幼兒體育應該是香港學前教育的未來導向。
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GENG, Xi, Li TIAN та Xin GUAN. "“互聯網+”時代患者隱私保護的倫理思考及對策". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 14, № 1 (2016): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.141610.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.本文分析“互聯網+”時代患者隱私保護所面臨的新威脅,對傳統的隱私保護技術、體制制度以及規範的有效性進行反思,尋求新技術應用與患者隱私保護的結合點。作者認為,對患者隱私的保護,不應該成為新技術應用的障礙,而是將二者有機地結合起來,形成良好的互動。文章就在信息時代提高信息意識、管理、技術三個層面提出具體的保護建議。“Information technology” refers to automated systems for storing, processing, and distributing information. In medical practice, this involves the use of computers and communication networks to collect and store medical information and data. Ethical guidelines for data protection and privacy have become critical issues in medical ethics in the age of the Internet and information technology. Both healthcare and IT professionals face questions of responsibility, accountability, and liability in handling private information and data.This paper discusses the tension between the problems in medical practice that may violate patients’ privacy and the effectiveness of data collection brought about by information systems. Although China has acknowledged the importance of privacy protection in past two decades, medical malpractice such as releasing patient’s medical history without informed consent or even selling medical data for commercial purpose still exists. Apart from the potential harms caused by releasing private information, there are moral issues with regard to informational inequality and discrimination. The guidelines suggested by the authors have three facets: ethical education around privacy protection, effective regulation, and responsive management of IT institutions to evaluate the effects of contemporary information systems and the Internet on the protection of individual privacy.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 222 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
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賴念華, 賴念華, 張祐誠 Nien-Hwa Lai, 魏大紘 Yu-Cheng Chang та 張哲恩 Ta-Hung Wei. "文化心理劇對成員在孝道困境中親子互動的改變效益". 中華輔導與諮商學報 66, № 66 (2023): 123–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/172851862023010066004.

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<p>本研究目的為探討文化心理劇對孝道下親子互動困難的改變效益,以焦點團體訪談參與連續17週心理劇團體之碩士班學生,採用主題分析法進行分析。研究結果首先呈現家庭系統與歷史、孝道困境的親子互動與文化議題,以及帶來之轉化;接著了解成員參與團體後,對父母眼中孝順觀點之認識:包括子女順服嚴格管教方為「孝」、承接父母情緒逆來順受方為「孝」、夫妻衝突子女站隊支持方為「孝」、隨侍老邁父母不遠遊方為「孝」、子女犧牲自我成龍成鳳方為「孝」;以及子女之回應為五類:「壓抑情緒以維持家中和諧」、「努力表現以完成父母期待」、「受困過往經驗而深陷情緒」、「陽奉陰違內心疏離避免衝突」、「直面衝突卻深陷自責與愧疚」。最後,研究發現文化心理劇能帶給子女有六項改變:「覺察過往壓抑情緒,學會真實表達」、「重看過往傷害,帶出現關係中自我的理解」、「勇於面對衝突學到新因應模式」、「理解父母文化脈絡,帶出寬容與接納」、「重新定義『孝』,發展新的親子互動關係」、「突破孝道困境,憶起過往親子互動情誼」。依據結果探討子女在文化中的內在糾結,以及文化心理劇促進子女對「孝」的重新定義,帶來的親子關係改變效益。</p> <p> </p><p>This study investigated the effectiveness of culture-specific psychodrama on changing participants’ parent-child interactions regarding filial piety. A focused group interview was conducted with master’s students who participated in an ongoing psychodrama group lasting 17 weeks. A qualitative analysis of the interview yielded the following results. First, adult children experienced difficulties in five areas of parent-child interactions: (1) parents’ hierarchical disciplinary attitudes, (2) parents’ emotional and behavioral problems, (3) spousal issues between parents, (4) the pressures accompanying the responsibility of caring for parents, and (5) parents’ ardent expectations of the children. Second, five positions were noted in response to these difficulties: (1) strenuous efforts for maintaining harmony in the face of family conflicts; (2) suppression of inner conflicts that accompanied the responsibilities in the role of a child, (3) being trapped in the pain inflicted by parents’ past behaviors, (4) avoiding interactions and becoming emotionally withdrawn, and (5) anger and self-blame resulting from direct conflicts. Third, six changes were brought about by culture-specific psychodrama: (1) gaining awareness and accepting one’s own feelings, (2) clarifying the impact of painful past experiences, (3) gaining clarity of boundaries regarding their sense of responsibility in their tense relationships, (4) showing deep and comprehensive understanding of parents’ cultural backgrounds, (5) becoming more flexible when conflicts arise in the relationship, and (6) increasing emotional interactions between the parents and children. Based on these results, we discussed the inner conflicts experienced by children belonging toin this culture, as well as the children’s growing understanding of the sociocultural landscape delineated by culture-specific psychodrama and its effectiveness on changing the parent-child relationship.</p> <p> </p>
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劉宗翰, 劉宗翰. "維持關聯性─戰略後勤創新再定位". 陸軍後勤季刊 111, № 2 (2022): 039–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382022051112004.

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<p>軍事後勤若想在未來與作戰領域維持關聯性,就須制訂一套戰略創新計畫,俾利解決其缺少跨領域整合的問題,本文提出協同服務與創新的解決法用來連結不同的問題領域,而這種解決法強調軍事後勤組織的重要性永遠是結合在一起,統整不同構想發展的方法,以加速新的作戰與後勤構想共同發展,符合新一代戰爭型態。</p> <p>為了打破在戰略政軍、軍事作戰、後勤、科技領域中的各行其是,本文提出四項介入作法:發展「不定構想」、構想融合、精簡試驗周期並運用共同互賴方式、探討跨領域的機會與風險,俾利與作戰領域維持密切互動與關聯性,該作法可資國軍效法。</p> <p>戰略後勤創新的成功,才能與未來作戰領域保持密切互動,發揮作戰加乘因子,軍事後勤組織當前要務是發展制度性架構、升級工作人力及加速自身的數位轉型,唯有持續不斷精進,才能真正擁抱戰略後勤創新,國軍應將此種思維與作法納入後勤轉型之參考。</p> <p> </p>
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朱凱麟, 朱凱麟. "後勤支援能量培訓─專業士兵訓練及作戰後勤現代化態勢". 陸軍後勤季刊 111, № 2 (2022): 058–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/230674382022051112005.

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<p>「戰爭的工具,只有知道如何使用才有價值」,新銳尖端武器系統愈趨複雜的今日,單位與野戰級專業後勤人員之訓練工作,則日益具有挑戰性,運用科技與技術提升訓練效率,並且專注於所需目標,強化因材施教之個別化訓練,是提高新職專長訓練成效,以及擴展在職訓練深度之現代方針。</p> <p>美陸軍運用科學與技術已逐步完成現代化優先事項整合,建構關鍵面向之作戰後勤支援實務,並設定里程碑檢核點,審視目標戰力是否已然準備就緒,以應對未來這些一觸即發的多領域作戰,其中分布式交互學習即是為了提升作戰與後勤人員準備就緒程度,其效率也是尚未與時俱進又千篇一律的訓練內容所無法達成的。</p> <p>國軍教戰總則揭櫫:研究發展乃軍隊進步之動力;當前科技強軍與自主國防時代潮流,我陸軍如若善用技術,輔助實作訓練及專業技術培訓,將能快速培養後勤專業人員所需之知識、技能以及作戰後勤支援行動模式,有效支援現代化整體作戰後勤維持目標。</p> <p> </p>
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NG, Robert Siu Kuen, and Violette Fu Po LIN. "Effects of Music Stepping Cadence on 3-min Step Test Performance in Hong Kong Females." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 17, no. 1 (2011): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.171889.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
 This study compared the performance of university females in Hong Kong with different ages and physical activity participation levels on two 3-min step-tests using different cadences. Fifty-six students were classified into three groups. They performed two step-tests randomly on a 30-cm high bench with metronome (MN) and hip-hop music (HH) cadences at 96 beat·min-1 with 60 min rest between. The preference of either cadence was indicated upon completion of both. Rate of perceived exertion was reported at 2-min (RPE2) and 2.5-min (RPE2.5). Heart rates at rest (by monitors, HRr) and 1-min post-exercise (by monitors, HRh; by pulse, HRp) were recorded. Results indicated that more than 80% of them preferred HH. Among all groups, although paired t-tests showed no significant differences (p>0.05) between the performance of MN and HH, the latter elicited a higher HRp, HRh, RPE2 and RPE2.5, and both cadences were highly correlated (r=0.70-0.91, p<0.001). MANOVA showed no significant differences for the responses of HRp, HRh, RPE2 and RPE2.5 under the two stepping cadences (Hotelling’s Trace=0.27, p>0.05). There was no interaction between age and physical activity participation level (Hotelling’s Trace=0.23, p>0.05). HH seemed a reliable cadence for 3-min step-test in females of different ages and physical activity participation levels.
 本研究探討採用音樂與節拍器拍子於三分鐘登臺階測試對不同年齡和運動習慣的女生之影響。五十六名女生根據她們的年齡和參與運動習慣分成三組。她們以隨機排序採用節奏強烈的音樂和傳统節拍器拍子完成兩次三分鐘登階測試。每次測試相距不少於六十分鐘。結果顯示超過八成女生較喜用音樂拍子,她們在两種拍子的身體反應並無差異(P>0.05),年齡和參與運動習慣並無互動效果。結果證實在三分鐘登臺階測試中音樂拍子可以有效地取代單調節拍器拍子。
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "互動效應"

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Chiat, Liew Yee, та 劉郁玨. "電子媒材應用於高低互動組結構性活動效果之研究". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91674082426561499311.

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碩士<br>國立彰化師範大學<br>輔導與諮商學系所<br>101<br>The purpose of this research is to understand effects of popular structured activities using electronic material at high and low interaction group. Quasi-experimental design was adopted. Participants of this study included 28 junior high school students from 2 public junior high schools in Chang-hua. Instruments included “structured activities programs”, “Group Therapeutic Factors Scale (cohesion scale)”, “GCQ-S (engaged scale)”,and homework. The data was analyzed by using t-test, two-way ANOVA and ANCOVA. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1.High interaction group not using electronic material had greater effect on “Group engaged climate” and “Group cohesion”, Low interaction group not using electronic material had less effect on “Group engaged climate” and “Group cohesion”, the influence between two groups was significant. (1)High interaction group:Group using electronic material had greater effect on “Guess Who”, and group not using electronic material had greater effect on “Group Norms”, “Little Reporter”, “Richman”, “Rounds” and “Three Cards”. (2)Low interaction group:Group using electronic material had greater effect on all the six structured activities. 2.The different effects of six structured activities is as follow: (1)Group engaged climate: “Three Cards” and “Rounds” had greater enhancing effect, while “Guess Who”, “Richman”, and “Little Reporter” had medium effect, and “Group Norms” had less effect. (2)Group cohesion: “Three Cards” and “Rounds” had greater enhancing effect, while “Guess Who” , “Little Reporter”, and “Richman” had medium effect, and “Group Norms” had less effect. 3.All effect of Group engaged climate and Group cohesion from the four group had clear increase after six times of structured activities.   Based on research results and limitations, several suggestions were proposed to counseling worker and future researchers.
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CHEN, QING-XIAN, та 陳清賢. "考慮土壤結構互制效應之結構主動控制研究". Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15952251457084311604.

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ZAO, WEN-HENG, та 趙文衡. "誤解導致戰爭之理論建構-聯盟效應作用下的互動模式". Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87288209928274648465.

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chiu, Jhih-chiang, та 邱志強. "互動式電腦多媒體應用於高中酸鹼滴定教學之成效研究". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83899577150864816380.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>化學研究所<br>91<br>ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of the interactive computer multimedia used on the conception of acid-base titration in senior high school. According to students’ common misconceptions, the researcher developed relative teaching media, which was used to assist instruction and hoped to raise students’ interest and effects in learning. In order to verify whether there are effects or not when the developed teaching media is used in helping student learning conceptions of acid-base titration, the researcher chose 84 senior high school students from Taipei county to be study samples. They were divided into control group and experimental group, and thus it’s convenient to compare the influences of the media used on the students. Both groups received the same instruction content, but the teaching media was used additionally in the experimental group. After the whole instruction, both groups took a posttest. At the same time, the students in the experimental group were asked to answer a questionnaire to understand their opinions and suggestions on the educational media. Furthermore, both experimental and control groups filled out a form of investigation into their chemistry teacher’s teaching strategies, which was further used to explore the students’ response. According to the results of the study, the average accomplishment of the experimental students was better than those of the control students’. According to further analysis, students with low achievement in experimental group got even higher grades than those in the control group, and showed a significant difference. So we can conjecture that if low achieved students receive concrete and visualized instructional media, there will be boosts to the students to set up their conceptions and to inspire their learning motive. On the other side, the results of the questionnaire displayed that the experimental students gave high evaluation to the instruction with the media, and had aspiration to use relative media to help learning. But, they also suggested that the frames of the media had to be designed more beautiful, authentic, and interesting. As to the teacher’s teaching strategies, students also evaluated positively. Therefore, in order to achieve good instructed accomplishments, the researcher suggest that instruction should be assisted by instructional medias, which are well designed, besides using advantages of traditional instruction continually. So that will be able to raise students’ learning motive and accomplishments effectively. Keyword : multimedia, acid-base titration, learning accomplishments.
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薛凱方. "大學生學習社群互動與生活適應、生涯決策自我效能之相關研究". Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03575851121487260274.

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張家銘. "同儕中樞反應訓練對國小自閉症兒童社會互動行為成效之研究". Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20741745016147248665.

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Wang, Ta Chiang, та 江旺達. "應用虛擬互動式電子白板於高職動力機械群專業科目學習成效影響之研究-以國立沙鹿高工汽車科基本電學為例". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52929743937989051303.

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碩士<br>國立彰化師範大學<br>機電工程學系<br>100<br>The objective of this study is to investigate the teaching effects produced by the use of IWB, virtual interactive whiteboard, and TB, traditional board, for the professional courses in the power machinery engineering group, as well as to find out theirs influence on students’ learning achievement. Moreover, the study intends to analyze whether the IWB teaching and the TB teaching have any impact on learners’ delay memories. Quasi-experimental research method is employed. Two classes, Classes A and B, of first year students in the Department of Automobiles at National Sha-Lu Industrial Vocational High School are selected. Traditional board teaching is first implemented for 5 weeks and a test is examined and analyzed its impact on these two classes’ learning. On the 6th week, with the use of the same test specified by randomly arranged questions and answer choice, the delay test is carried out and the results are analyzed. At the same time, Class A is chosen as the experimental group and carries out the virtual IWB teaching for 5 weeks; Class B is chosen as the control group and carries out the traditional board of teaching for 5 weeks. After that, a test is examined and analyzed its impact on these two classes’ learning. On the 11th week, similar what was done in the previous test, a delay test is conducted and the results are analyzed. The result of this study can be used as a valuable reference for the use of interactive whiteboard teaching in different course subjects in the future.
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Books on the topic "互動效應"

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林海清, 林海清. 解析素養導向評量. 元照出版有限公司, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/9789575117511.

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&lt;p&gt;評量是學習表現的檢核,也是教學翻轉的關鍵。面對後疫情社會,培養新一代的人才是教育的重點使命。而核心素養的三大主軸:「自主行動」、「溝通互動」、「社會參與」,需要透過教育現場的持續自動研究發展,始能精進。據此,本書分成三部分。第一部分內容包括引導團隊反思遠距學習經驗、思考哪些要素適用於混成學習,以及介紹綜整性的專業發展計畫所涵蓋的重要元素,協助教師準備好在課堂上使用教學科技。第二部分將專業發展要素應用在教師需要支持的三個重要領域:有效的教學實踐、形成性評量與資料分析、運用教學科技進行精實學習的教室環境與文化。第三部分結合在第一部分與第二部分討論過的專業發展主題,發展完整的訓練與實踐課程,並讓教師團隊一起共學。期能建構一個跨越線性思維的動態模式,加強素養導向政策與實踐的對話,同時結合政府與民間、大學與中小學的力量,協力同行,共同推動素養導向教育政策。&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;在為學生創造精彩的學習經驗之餘,我們期許經由交流與分享產生實踐策略,提供更多將核心素養理念具體落實到素養命題設計發展的案例,作為中小學教師認識十二年國教課程教學翻轉與評量設計之參考。&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;主編簡介&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;h4&gt;林海清&lt;/h4&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;現職:&lt;br /&gt; 中臺科技大學文教事業經營研究所講座教授&lt;br /&gt; 中華教育創新發展學會理事長&lt;br /&gt; 臺中市教育文教基金會董事長 &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;學歷:國立政治大學教育學博士 &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;專長:教育行政、組識學習、人力資源、知識管理 &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;經歷:&lt;br /&gt; 中臺科技大學所長、學務長、副校長&lt;br /&gt; 台灣教育政策與行政評鑑學會理事長&lt;br /&gt; 台灣社會發展研究學會理事長&lt;br /&gt; 中華民國學校建築研究學會理事長&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt;
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Reports on the topic "互動效應"

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PUN, Ngai, Anfan CHEN, Shuheng JIN, Xinmiao SONG, Yang ZHOU та Zhongkai QIAN. 數繪搵工 : 香港就業市場的大數據系列報告之一. 嶺南大學, 2025. https://doi.org/10.14793/ccrd_report_07.

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面對中美貿易戰爭時代的經濟格局,深入洞察香港勞動力市場的結構性特徵、最新動態與潛在挑戰,對特區政府制定前瞻性的經濟、產業及社會政策至關重要。本研究旨在通過大數據分析,精準描繪當前香港網上招聘市場的全貌。研究團隊嚴格篩選了十個涵蓋綜合、行業垂直及靈活用工的高流量求職平台,利用網絡爬蟲技術系統性搜集了於2024年12月1日至2025年1月9日期間發佈的147,026條招聘廣告。經數據清洗(剔除重複及無效數據)後,最終納入142,901條有效數據。藉助先進的大型語言模型(Deepseek V3)進行自動化文本挖掘,本研究高效提取並分析了職位屬性、技能要求、薪酬福利等多維度關鍵信息,為揭示市場趨勢奠定了堅實的實證基礎。主要研究發現如下: 一、整體市場格局:傳統主導、需求兩極、透明度堪憂 1. 結構固化,服務業驅動顯著: 香港招聘市場需求高度集中於傳統服務業(進出口/批發零售、金融保險、住宿膳食佔逾四成),地域上亦極度聚集於核心商業區。 職位供給以全職(逾八成)、初級崗位(佔四成)為主,輔以相當數量的高級職位(逾兩成),呈現「啞鈴型」職級結構。 工作內容則由管理與服務類(合計逾六成)主導。這反映了香港既有的服務型經濟結構。 2. 用工市場在技能需求上呈現「實用主義」與「兩極分化」。 學歷與經驗要求差異懸殊,既有大量低門檻崗位(近六成無需大專以上學歷),也穩定需求高學歷專才(近三成要求大學或以上)。 硬技能方面,基礎數碼能力(近四成需求)已成常態,特定行業重視專業資格;然而,對尖端技術(如AI/大數據,需求不足2%)的吸納明顯滯後。 軟技能則高度聚焦於團隊協作、注重細節與主動性等確保執行效率的務實品質,對創造力等需求相對較低。 3. 在工作質量與福利方面呈現「基礎保障為主,但透明度嚴重不足」 的特點。雖然五天工作制、月薪及核心福利相對普遍,但大量關鍵信息的缺失限制了求職者對職位「實質質量」的全面評估。 工作時間安排:五天工作週雖為市場常態(佔過半數),但大量職位(逾七成)未註明具體工時。同時,對每週少於20小時工作的需求(佔一成)相對顯著,反映市場存在彈性工時空間,惟清晰度與選項不足。 薪酬福利:月薪制及基本福利普遍,惟薪酬透明度嚴重不足。 月薪制佔主導,年假、醫療、花紅是最常提及的福利。然而,過半數職位未披露具體薪酬水平,是評估工作質量的最大障礙;已披露的薪酬主要集中於中等水平(1.5萬至2.5萬港元)。 平等機會聲明:普遍缺位,多元共融意識有待加強。 絕大多數(近九成)招聘廣告未包含平等就業機會的聲明,反映相關實踐重視不足。 二、行業聚焦(以進出口貿易、批發及零售業為例):放大市場特徵與問題 作為勞動力需求大戶,進出口貿易、批發及零售業的招聘特徵印證並放大了整體市場趨勢: 1. 該行業職位更聚焦前線服務與基層,兼職需求更高,深刻反映了其以客戶互動和彈性人手調配為核心的運營模式,職位結構明顯比整體市場更為「向下沉」。 服務職能佔絕對主導(48.8%),遠超管理類(25.5%)及市場平均。 兼職比例顯著偏高(19.1%),遠超市場平均(13.2%)。 職級需求極度偏向初級(54.5%),遠超市場平均(40.7%),高中層需求比例均低於整體。 2. 技能要求更顯著的「低門檻、重實踐」。該行業對求職者的硬技能要求普遍遠低於市場平均水平,更側重吸納能快速投入基礎崗位的人員;軟技能側重點亦有不同。 學歷門檻顯著更低(63.8%明確無需特定學歷)。 語言要求相對寬鬆,大量職位未明確要求。 基礎數碼技能需求偏低(28.8% vs 整體 39.7%)。 專業資格要求極少(&lt;5%)。 軟技能更強調「熱情」(34.2%),取代了整體市場中對「注意細節」的高度關注。 3. 工作福利與質量:靈活性更高,透明度問題更嚴重。該行業提供了更多彈性選項,但伴隨著更嚴峻的信息不透明,尤其在薪酬結構和平等機會披露方面。 工作時間: 提供低工時/彈性選項比例更高(2-3天工作合計近20%,&lt;20小時/週佔11.8%)。 薪酬福利 :薪酬更集中於中低水平(1萬-2萬) ;時薪制更普遍(19.3%) ;薪酬月數信息缺失極為嚴重(68.4%未註明)。 平等機會披露:透明度極差,高達 94.9% 未提及平權聲明,劣於市場平均。 基於本研究揭示的香港招聘市場結構性特徵與挑戰,特別是考慮到中美貿易競爭及關稅戰對香港支柱產業(如進出口貿易)構成的直接衝擊,茲向特區政府相關部門提出以下五點核心政策建議: 應對貿易衝擊,加速職業轉型: 為緩解中美關稅戰對相關行業(貿易、物流、部分零售)就業的直接影響,需要強化及調整僱員再培訓局 (ERB) 及職訓局 (VTC) 課程,重點推動受影響員工向具增長潛力的新領域(如綠色經濟、醫療保健、創科輔助崗位)進行技能轉移,並提升培訓津貼;同時,需檢討失業支援,研究設立短期失業專項援助。 檢討與完善靈活就業保障: 因應零工經濟趨勢及兼職比例上升,需全面檢討現行勞工法例對靈活就業者的適用性(尤其工傷、醫保、強積金MPF等方面),並參考國際經驗探索創新的保障模式。 策略性提升未來數碼技能: 儘管當前高端技術需求不高,仍需前瞻性佈局,一方面強化普及數碼素養,另一方面透過資助及課程開發,策略性提升AI、大數據等前沿技術培訓,為經濟長遠轉型及應對外部挑戰儲備人才。 優先提升工時透明度: 針對大量職位未披露工時的普遍問題,建議要求招聘廣告列明預計工作時數範圍;對標準工時立法問題可考慮分階段或分行業推進。 規範招聘信息披露: 解決薪酬、福利等關鍵信息缺失問題,應透過具約束力的守則或法規,要求招聘廣告披露薪金範圍、支付方式、主要福利等,並由勞工處監察執行;同時,鼓勵僱主自願加入平等機會 (DEI) 聲明。
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CHUI, Man Kit, Haocheng YANG, Nga Man WONG та ін. 最低工資有幾低? 貧窮新一代的就業困境報告. 嶺南大學政策研究院、文化研究及發展中心, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14793/ccrd_report_04.

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為了解香港青年對就業、貧窮、體面生活、相關政策的看法,以及他們收入和支出的情況,嶺南大學政策研究院、文化研究及發展中心聯合進行一項題為《最低工資有幾低?貧窮新一代的就業困境報告》的調查。結果發現,四成接受深度訪談的青年自認貧窮,而絕大部分已有全職工作的受訪青年認為,最低工資調整幅度太低,自己未能受惠。 嶺大研究團隊從2022年5月至12月,先後透過兩輪深度訪談,訪問了67位18至29歲、收入低於2萬元、有工作經驗的青年。另外,團隊亦透過兩輪問卷調查,分別收集到164份及253份有效回覆。 調查結果發現,絕大部分年輕人覺得自己的工資太低,待遇與工作不相稱。受訪青年的收入來源包括全職工作、兼職工作。深度訪談年輕人的收入中位數為15,200元,而問卷調查的收入中位數結果則是6,000至9,999元。一方面,大部分有全職工作的青年認為自己工時長、部分行業長期低薪,比不上任職其他行業的同輩,而覺得不滿。壓力同時來自高昂的生活成本和遙不可及的人生目標,包括置業。 大約四成接受第二輪深度訪談的青年自認是貧窮,他們對於貧窮有多元化的理解。有青年認為三餐不繼才算得上貧窮,有些人覺得人工未達到港人月入中位數就算是貧窮,亦有人認很多目標未能達成,導致「精神貧窮」。其餘自覺不貧窮的青年部分歸因於家庭支援,可以滿足基本需求以外的消費,例如購物和旅遊。 絕大部分已有全職工作的受訪青年覺得最低工資調整幅度太低,自己未能受惠。無論認為自己屬於中產或基層的受訪者,均有共識,認為即使法定最低工資水平提升至40元依然是太低,與市場脫節,調整幅度不合理。不少人往往將最低工資時薪和「一餐飯」的開支掛鉤,認為最低工資水平要吃得起「一餐飯」才合理。受訪者認為最低工資如有合理升幅及政策檢討,對基層家庭及兼職工作者有很大幫助。 問卷調查結果推算,受訪青年要滿足現時的生活開支水平,時薪應該要達到71.6元。問卷調查的結果顯示青年的個人月均生活支出為16,789元,扣除教育開支,平均每月支出約14,894元,按一個月工作26日,每日8小時計算出時薪水平為71.6元,與目前最低工資水平相距很遠。 研究團隊建議,政府應從多方面著手解決此迫切的社會問題。首先,當局應檢討最低工資政策的定位,使它與其他扶貧政策互相配合,以保障不同需要的群體;第二,當局應透明化最低工資的調整過程,改為「一年一檢」;第三,團隊建議重啟標準工時立法程序,訂明標準工時應為每周40小時,加班工資應為正常工資的1.5倍,每月亦應設有加班和總工時上限,並以此為基礎制定「過勞死」的法律定義,把過勞死定為僱主須按《僱員補償條例》(第282章)作出補償的事故。最後,團隊建議政府主動開展設立失業保障制度的工作,包括探討供款式失業保險、檢討現行失業綜援、遣散費/長期服務金,並重視年輕人對相關政策的意見。
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