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Journal articles on the topic '外顯性'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

鶴, 李子. "原始納西語前冠音的來源與演變". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 12, № 2 (2020): 201–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-01202003.

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2

Wuyun, Saina, та Haihua Pan. "漢語語篇中語義實體的篇章可及性". Language and Linguistics / 語言暨語言學 22, № 3 (2021): 440–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lali.00088.wuy.

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抽象 本文在向心理論的框架下，討論漢語語篇中語句所包含的語義實體（即後指中心集合成員）顯著度等級排序的依據。這一排序是預測某一語句中語義實體相對於其隨後語句的篇章可及性的依據。我們計算並分析了漢語含「把」、「給」、「放」、「被」四類句式的敘述性語篇片段中這四類語句與其之前和隨後語句間回指中心的過渡方式。通過具體的數據分析和比對，我們發現了以下模式和傾向：(1)話題位置的語義實體是維繫篇章連貫性的關鍵，所有觀察的語句均通過話題位置的語義實體實現與其之前和隨後語句間的回指中心延續；(2)除話題位置的語義實體外，後指中心集合成員的顯著度等級排序遵循題元角色序列等級，以題元序列為參考，越靠近左端的題元角色顯著度等級越高，越有機會被作為回指及優選中心；(3)話題的顯著度不受題元序列的影響，因此漢語後指中心集合成員的排序應分為兩個層級，第一層確認話題，第二層將剩餘語義實體按照題元序列排序，該排序決定語句中每一個語義實體的篇章顯著度和篇章可及性。
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3

SAM, Ka lam. "Valgus Knee Angle during Drop Landing in Female and Male Physical Education Major Undergraduate Students." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 16, no. 2 (2010): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.161901.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. Gender differences in lower extremity landing mechanics and muscle activation have been identified as potential causative factors leading to the increased incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes. Valgus knee alignment places greater strain on the anterior cruciate ligament than a more neutral alignment. Biceps Femoris (BF) may provide dynamic stability to the knee joint during landing, decreasing knee valgus and preventing placing strain on the anterior cruciate ligament. The purpose of this s
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4

時, 兵. "基於概念域的殷墟甲骨文“其”字研究". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 14, № 1 (2021): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-01401001.

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摘要 殷墟甲骨文“其”字用於知、言、行三域，主要表情態。“其”在知域中表可能性，在正反對貞卜辭中構建矛盾等關係；在言域中表允許，其後在西周金文中進一步虛化表希冀語氣；在行域中表將來時間。這些用法在認知上存在著內在的聯繫。“其”的情態功能與遠指功能之間也有關聯，並延伸至消極情感的表達，這正是司禮義“其”字規則形成的基礎。另外，甲骨文“其”是助詞，具有依附性，一般後附綴於否定詞；與此同時，“其”字前移在句法上已初顯端倪。
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李惠宗, 李惠宗. "稅法個案漏洞論". 月旦實務選評 1, № 1 (2021): 136–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/27889866010107.

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稅法適用個案上有漏洞，係屬法解釋論的問題，行政法院及稅捐機關均有職權，可以填補漏洞。而稅法適用上的漏洞可分「明顯漏洞」或「隱藏漏洞」而異其填補方法。前者使用「類推適用」，後者以「目的性限縮」填補。縱使法律有漏洞，也不應使用「實質課稅」的概念作為填補漏洞的方法，因為「實質課稅」根本不是「原則」；但如果是立法的「疏漏」，乃屬立法問題，須經立法，始可對人民予以課稅。儘管稅法漏洞可以填補，除產生「補稅」的法律效果以外，不應該立刻另外產生「加罰」的效果。
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6

HO, Ying Chih, Shu Ling LI, Fu An CHEN, and Mei Chich HSU. "Comparisons of Antioxidant Status in Different Sport Type Athletes." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 13, no. 2 (2007): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.131828.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
 This study investigated the resting levels of malondialdehyde plus 4-hydroxy 2-(E)-nonenal (MDA+4-HNE) in plasma, erythrocyte superoxide dimutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in 12 long-distance runners (LR), 12 weight lifters (WL), and 12 age match sedentary nonathletes (SN). The subjects were asked to maintain the lifestyle and original training (Monday to Friday) and were requested not to take any medicines and supplementation two weeks ago before sampling. No significant differences were found in MDA+4-HNE levels amon
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7

CHIEN, Kuei Yu, Shu Chen CHEN, Wen Jong LIN, Hui Tan LO, Hung Jen CHEN, and Mei Chich HSU. "Relationship between Health-related Fitness and Web-based Physical Activity Records in College Students." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 14, no. 2 (2008): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.141720.

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 The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between health-related fitness (HRF) and the physical activity (PA) level from web-based records in college students. The college students (N=221, 18.8±0.6 yr) were recruited. Sedentary time, exercise mode, duration and rating of perceived exertion scale for 7 days were recorded. The body mass index, sit-ups completed in 30 s and 60 s, standing long jump, sit and reach, and 800- or 1600-m run/walk were measured. Spearman correlation and independent t-test were
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8

LI, Gladys Shuk Fong, Hsiu Hua WANG, and Chen Yu HUANG. "Comparison of Functional Fitness and Self-esteem among Elderly Women Engaging Different Exercise Programs: Walking, Low Impact Aerobic, and Chi-kung." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 13, no. 2 (2007): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.131827.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
 Purposes: 1) Elderly females engaging different exercise programs (walking, low impact aerobic, chi-kung) and sedentary elderly women were compared on self-esteem and functional fitness; 2) The predictability of the 6 functional fitness variables to self-esteem was also tested. Methods: 256 elderly females (55-75 years old) were selected from each of the 3-exercised group (walking, low-impact aerobic, and chi-kung class) and sedentary group respectively. Measuring instruments included Functional Fitness Test and Rosenber
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9

Chang, Sau Hou, and Tracy B. Henley. "Working Memory in Chinese Text Comprehension." Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research 26, no. 1 (2021): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24839/2325-7342.jn26.1.26.

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本研究旨在探討中文文字理解中工作記憶與文章一致性的關係。八十六名以粵語為母語的參與者完成了操作字元工作記憶跨度任務(分為低工作記憶組和高工作記憶組), 以及一項閱讀理解任務 (閱讀不一致文章的時間以及記憶不一致文章的準確性)。結果顯示高工作記憶組用更少時間檢測文章的不一致性, 和更準確地記憶文章的內容。低工作記憶組需要更長時間檢測文章的不一致性, 和更不準確地記憶文章的內容。此外, 參與者花更多的時間閱讀不一致的文章, 扭曲較多的內容, 並替換更多資訊。然而, 不一致的文章並不有助於記憶。本研究擴展了關於工作記憶和中文文字理解的文獻, 除了測量反應時間, 本研究新增測量回憶文章內容, 並介紹替換為另一個閱讀不一致文章的錯誤方法。
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10

Chiang (江柏煒), Bo-wei. "The Relationship between Translocal Chinese and their Hometowns (1920s–40s): The View from “Shining” Monthly of Jushan, Quemoy (跨境華僑及其僑鄉社會∶以顯影僑刊為中心的考察(1920s–40s))". Translocal Chinese: East Asian Perspectives 10, № 2 (2016): 259–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24522015-01002005.

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Quemoy is a famous overseas Chinese hometown in modern China. Since the 17th Century, Western colonial power expanded to South Asia, Southeast Asia, China and Japan, and drew these areas into the network of the global economy. The Quemoy Islands, situated outside Xinmen (Amoy)-port, were influenced by external and internal factors that shaped the region’s history of overseas migration. Emigrants from Quemoy brought radical changes back to their hometown, including social, economic, cultural and architectural impacts. These historical phenomena, usually described as expressions of “transnationa
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11

謝, 菁玉. "漢語和德語植物固定語式的形成——從菜和蘋果出發". Chinese as a Second Language Research 2, № 1 (2013): 139–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/caslar-2013-0026.

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提要Atran (1990) 相信植物名稱是拿來形容人或社會通用的喻依 (vehicle)。本文旨在觀察漢語和德語的『菜』和『蘋果』固定語式的語意出發點，再綜合討論其他植物語式，最後我們統計所討論的語式資料，比較漢、德語在植物固定語式上造詞的不同觀察點。Lakoff & Turner (1989) 等人所提出的語意出發點是本文的研究理論基礎，語料乃從字典、辭典、文獻、和媒體中搜集而得。研究比較後顯示，同樣有【普通易得的食材】這個語意出發點，在德語是『蘋果』，在漢語則是『菜』。從德語的Apfel [蘋果]語式中我們看到蘋果在德國人心目中的普遍性和重要性，從其形狀、果肉、作為食品、飼料、農業特色、成熟後掉落地面、到腐爛等方面皆是入詞的參考。德語的Gemüse [菜]和漢語的『菜』語意相差甚多；在德語是名詞，在漢語多半為形容詞。德語Gemüse [菜]常用來代指＜人＞，漢語的『菜』則常是＜食物＞的統稱。漢語和德語從外型、可食性、可用性、或是農耕與生長特色的語意出發點，有相同或不同的分佈比例。植物固定語式這種生命體詞彙是語言使用者表詞達意的良好利器。透過外語學習者的角度來探究語意出發點，比較漢語和德語，更能切實的看到語言的核心和實用的面向，對漢語學習有所助益。
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12

CHEUNG, Pui Yee. "Survey on Females' Constraints in Physical Recreation Participation." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 11, no. 1 (2005): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.111304.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.Female of all age groups and socio-economic status do face a number of constraints in pursuing physical recreation activity. The present paper aimed to study the constraints of female's physical recreation participation, and the relationship of perceived constraints and the level of participation between different occupation status, education level, and marital status. Two hundred and eight females aged 18 to 60 were invited to fill in the Physical Recreation Participation Questionnaire (PRPQ) to identify their perceived constr
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13

MAK, David, and Kit Wan Judy NG IP. "Intrinsic Motivation of University Students in Participating in Physical Fitness Training Programs." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 5, no. 2 (1999): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.51226.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of this study was to examine the intrinsic motivation of University students in pursuing physical fitness training programs. 224 university undergraduate students (81 males and 143 females) who participated voluntarily in fitness training courses were included in this study. Participants were asked to complete a 7-item questionnaire to find out their intrinsic motivation of participating in the fitness training programs. Ratings of the questionnaire range from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The motivat
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14

蘇, 細清. "中國大學生情緒表達性之探索性研究". Hong Kong Journal of Social Work 42, № 01n02 (2008): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219246208000077.

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The present research is an exploratory research focused on emotional expressivity of university students in China. The methodology of the research combined quantitative and qualitative, including Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ, Gross & John, 1995) drawn from U.S.A., and in-depth interview. 1531 participants from 13 universities in Beijing with 829 females and 702 males were invited to participate in the research, and 15 students with 7 females and 8 males (about 1% of Ss) received the in-depth interview. In this research, data shows that Chinese university students are highly in
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15

楊岳平, 楊岳平. "論去中心化金融與智慧合約的金融監理──以去中心化借貸為中心". 月旦法學雜誌 316, № 316 (2021): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/1025593131603.

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去中心化金融是近年分散式帳本技術與智慧合約的最新金融應用發展，其於過去1年的快速成長亦顯示其確實具有發展潛力，但其創造的新型態金融服務關係亦對現行民事法律與金融監理帶來挑戰。本文以去中心化借貸為研究對象，介紹此新興金融科技模式發展出的虛擬通貨借款與貸款業務、治理代幣以及去中心化自治組織，釐清此種以智慧合約為核心創造出的新型態金融服務與商業組織的法律關係與定性，並且分析去中心化借貸可能涉及的銀行監理與證券監理問題，探討虛擬通貨借款業務是否構成吸收存款，以及治理代幣是否構成證券性質虛擬通貨，期盼除能釐清去中心化借貸涉及的法律議題之外，亦能藉此機會檢視相關的現行銀行法制與證券法制。<br />
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LO, Hsin I., Cheng Hsien LIN, Mei Yen CHEN, Wen Tzu TANG, and Mei Chich HSU. "Effects of Guizhi-Longgu-Muli Tang Supplementation on Physiopsychological Responses in Mental Stimuli." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 14, no. 1 (2008): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.141714.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of Guizhi-Longgu-Muli Tang (a traditional Chinese medicine) supplement on physiopsychological responses in mental stimuli in personal archery competition. Eleven archery athletes were randomly allocated into two groups: Guizhi-Longgu-Muli Tang (GLMT group) and Yi-Ren (placebo, PL group). All subjects completed 2 sessions following 3 days (2.0g/time, 3 times per day) of GLMT and placebo administered in a double-blind counterbalanced crossover maimer with 14-day washo
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CHOW, Bik Chu, and Lily CHAN. "Gross Motor Skills of Hong Kong Preschool Children." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 17, no. 1 (2011): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.171890.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
 The purpose of this study was to determine the gender difference in gross motor performance of Hong Kong preschool children. The secondary purposes were to determine whether there was a relationship between body mass index and motor performance as well as to determine the influence of preschool types (large play area vs. small play area) on the motor performance of preschool children. A total of 239 children (121 boys, 118 girls) aged 3 to 6 years from two types of preschools was assessed on locomotor and object control
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CHEN, Hsin Lian, Chang Jun WU, and Trevor C. CHEN. "Physiological and Notational Comparison of New and Old Scoring Systems of Singles Matches in Men's Badminton." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 17, no. 1 (2011): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.171882.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. This study compared the physiological responses and shot selection preferences of male singles players between thenew (rally-point) and old (scoring-by-service) scoring systems. Ten male athletes each played two matches against the same opponent on different days using the lottery method. Matches were notated using a systematic observation instrument, and physiological data were measured using heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and blood lactate levels (LA). Results showed no differences in peak HR, RPE or LA
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NG, Judy K., Tom CUDDIHY, and Lena FUNG. "Prediction of Leisure Exercise Behaviors A Study on University Students of Hong Kong." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 9, no. 1 (2003): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.91276.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of this study is to examine the theoretical relationships among the variables of leisure exercise efficacy, leisure exercise motives, leisure exercise barriers, and leisure exercise behaviors of university students using the social cognitive theory as a framework. The Model of University Students' Leisure Exercise Behaviors (MUSLEB) was hypothesized before data collection to investigate the theoretical relationships among the variables. Initially, a total of 331 university students were recruited for this study. Dat
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CHEN, Hui Jia, Shiying WONG, Vin Fern Ivy OR, and Chin Hwee Steven QUEK. "Fitness Test in Measuring Aerobic Fitness in National Physical Fitness Award (NAPFA) of Secondary Two Students." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 21, no. 1 (2015): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.211774.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. This study aims to investigate the correlation between the 2.4 km Run-Walk Test and the Multi-stage Fitness Test (MST) in measuring aerobic fitness in the National Physical Fitness Award (NAPFA) of Secondary 2 students in Singapore. 187 Secondary 2 students (age 14 years) of a mixed gender secondary school were recruited for the study. Subjects performed the 2.4 km Run-Walk Test and the MST. The VO2 max level obtained from both tests were compared using the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis and Paired-sample t-test. Pea
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ANG, Chloe, and Teik Hin KOH. "Efficacy of a Motorized Mechanical Oscillator in Abdominal Fat, Weight, and Waist Circumference Reduction - Two Case Studies." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 12, no. 2 (2006): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.121314.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The importance of reducing health risk associated with high abdominal fat is frequently emphasized. Consequently, in Singapore, we have witnessed good sales on motorized mechanical oscillators touted to induce slimming based on the principles of acupressure. However, to date, no study has been done to evaluate the efficacy of such equipment. This pilot study aims to examine the efficacy of motorized mechanical oscillators in reducing waist circumference, weight and abdominal fat percentage over 4 weeks as well as augment the da
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CHOI TSE, Kang Chun. "Preliminary Study on Gross Motor Performance of Hong Kong Children Aged 6-8 Years." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 10, no. 2 (2004): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.101301.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.Gross motor development is a critical component of elementary school physical education programs. This is also the foundation for active participation in later childhood and adult physical activities. This study aims to: (1) collect preliminary data on Hong Kong children's gross motor performance; (2) analyze Hong Kong Children's gross motor proficiency; and (3) introduce a gross motor test instrument to Hong Kong PE teachers. The Test of Gross Motor Development (Second Edition) (TGMD-2) (Ulrich, 2000) was chosen as the test in
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WANG, Shuai. "從儒家倫理學到“儒家生命倫理學”的距離". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 9, № 2 (2011): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.91504.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.生命倫理學由於強調平等和尊重的價值而使個體在道德困境中的抉擇顯得尤為重要，同時道德困境本身也要求個體具有一定的道德抉擇能力。就此而言，構建“儒家生命倫理”可能面臨兩個挑戰：從生命倫理學科性質而言，儒家面臨的是關於西方式“個體”概念缺失的問題；另外從個體抉擇方面而言，儒家似乎又面臨著缺乏道德抉擇能力的困境。前者是生命倫理學科的本質要求，後者則似乎是儒學內部的理論困境。二者似乎表明，儒家與生命倫理學科不能相容。面對當下中國令人憂慮的道德現狀，澄清上述問題就顯得必要。本文將通過分析儒家倫理思想來澄清上述兩個挑戰。由於儒家理解世界的方式不同於西方，我們就不能以西方流行的生命倫理學科標準來衡量儒家倫理學說。文章指出，儒家將一般人與儒者區別開來，也並不以要求君子的道德標準來要求一般人。儒家將承擔道義的責任更多的賦予了代表“天命”的儒者，以道在倫常日用之中的實用理性精神為本質特徵，開創了儒家理解道德和解決道德困境的獨特維度。然而，鑒於當代儒家的遭遇，構建“儒家生命倫理”依舊任重道遠。Contemporary bioethics and moral principles often emphasize values such as human dignity, eq
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志祥, 汤. "世界華語區域詞語差異之成因及其相應策應之芻議". Global Chinese 4, № 1 (2018): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2018-0008.

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摘要 2010 年 5 月《全球華語詞典》 及 2015 年 4 月《全球華語大詞典》的相繼續出版，充分證明了當今世界性華語大家庭的真實存在。這兩本詞典的問世全面展示出當今全球華語詞彙集的總體共時面貌，同時也明白無誤顯示出各區域華語之間的詞語異同。 世界華語各大區域詞語的差異主要以中國大陸、中国台灣、中国港澳、新馬四大塊地域為其代表。其中中國大陸為當今華語的母體和主體，而中国台灣、中国港澳、新馬等地均為子體和異體。 世界華語區域詞語的差異成因主要源於下列三個方面：一是各區域存在著反映各自不同的社會制度、政經面貌、歷史地理、人文習俗，以及當地特有的事物和物產等；二是某些地區有著數目和地位不同的外國語言、漢語方言和方言文化的影響；三是某些地區的部分華語詞語的詞義和詞用產生了在地性變異或變化。 目前相應的對策應該是：（1）詳盡地細緻地描寫並記錄全球華語大家庭的的詞彙概貌及其異同；（2）深入地分析並剖析它們之間的相同、相似、相異的程度和成因；（3）通過交流、教學和研討，增進各區域相互之間的理解與溝通；（4）逐步通過專家篩選和社會使用（約定俗成），推動相互的流通、吸收、協調和融合，逐步達成最大程度的共同化和一體化。
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NG, Robert Siu Kuen. "Profile of Job Satisfaction among Physical Education Teachers in Hong Kong and Their Intention to Change Jobs." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 4, no. 1 (1998): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.41199.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of this study was to investigate the job satisfaction of Physical Education (P.E.) teachers in Hong Kong and their intention to stay or leave P.E. profession and teaching career. By means of proportional stratified random sampling, 400 questionnaires of Chinese version of Job Descriptive Index (JDI) and Job in General (JIG) were distributed to the full time Hong Kong P.E. teachers. Useable data from 181 respondents (62.4% from primary school teachers; 45.9% were male) representing 45.3% response rate. The .05 level
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26

ZHENG, Linjuan. "醫學的工具理性與儒家的中庸之道". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 7, № 1 (2009): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.71470.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.中國現代社會醫學領域中出現的種種怪異現象，不幸印證了這樣一個事實：現代醫學的發展與人類發展醫學之真實目的顯現出背道而馳的趨向。本文以上海某醫院一系列引人深思的事件解析其中的原因，規範醫院的行為確實離不開外在的監督，但筆者認為更深層次的原因是科學主義所導致的現代科學迷信和個別醫務工作者的私慾膨脹，最終歸結為工具理性膨脹對上海某醫院一系列引人深思的事件難辭其咎。針對以上弊端，我們可以從中國儒家思想中尋找到應對的思想資源：首先闡明儒家對科學技術的態度；其次闡明儒家的義利觀；最後闡明儒家的科技態度和義利觀得以實現的路徑——中庸之道。通過對儒家思想的現代轉化，可以用於超越和克服現代醫學領域中的工具理性弊病。Recent years have witnessed various unusual events in the medical field in China. This essay explores one particular event that has attracted intense attention and generated broad discussion: the use of a new but unapproved and una
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CAI, Zong Yan, Ku Fu HSU, Yi An LIN, et al. "Survey Study of the Use of Nutritional Supplements in Taiwan Elite Athletes." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 18, no. 2 (2012): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.181848.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
 The purpose of this study was to understand the current usage of nutritional supplements in Taiwan elite athletes. This study adopting purposive sampling, we surveyed 105 male and 80 female athletes across sports selected for doping control at the National Athletic Games during year 2007 in Taiwan to understand the athletes’ use of nutritional supplements 14 days prior to the games. Categories of nutritional supplements include vitamin/mineral supplements, amino acid supplements, instant energy supplements, healthcare fo
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FAN, Ruiping. "導言". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 8, № 2 (2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.81488.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese本期首先推出邊林對中國大陸生命倫理學的形成及三十年來的發展歷程進行總結和反思的論文。本文富有哲學見地，且不作現實粉飾，實話實說，值得關心這一學科的人認真閱讀。在邊林看來，一種學問的本質乃是對一個事物的邏輯構建，而任何事物的合理的邏輯構建都必須與這個事物的實際發展過程以及人們對它的認識過程相統一。生命倫理學當然也不例外，其合理的構建勢必是一種邏輯體系的構建。所以，歷史與邏輯的統一是考察具有哲學特性的生命倫理學學科的重要認識視角和方法根據。邊林認為生命倫理學在美國的產生與發展在本質上體現了歷史與邏輯的統一。生命倫理學肇始於美國，恰恰是在美國社會特定歷史階段的文化與科學兩大洪流衝擊下的產物：既是具有顯著學理特徵的西方現代、後現代哲學和倫理學向生命道德領域延伸和擴展的結果，也是科學技術特別是生命科學技術開始進入快速發展期帶來的社會觀念、社會心理以及倫理標準調整、醫學和生命倫理難題大量湧現導致強烈現實需求的產物。它是在一定意義上完成了對醫學倫理學的一個超越，用更寬闊的視野和更深入的思考來認識、評價生命的道德問題，並且將這一學科置於西方倫理傳統和現代思想完整而系統的本體論承諾上。無論道德多元化為“道德異鄉人”之間帶來多少道德矛盾和差異，西方生命倫理學大體都是在自由主義的旗幟下尋求行為的道德解釋和道德根據。相對比，中
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Wang (汪鋒), Feng, та Wen Liu (劉文). "Sound Correspondence and the Comparative Study of Miao-Yao Languages (語音對應與苗瑤語比較研究)". Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 10, № 1 (2017): 95–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-01001006.

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Rigorous sound correspondence is fundamental to historical linguistics. It serves as a solid start in studying genetic relationship. Regarding the genetic position of Miao-Yao languages, Li (1937) proposed a hypothesis that the Sino-Tibetan language family consists of Chinese, Tibeto-Burman, Kam-Tai, and Miao-Yao. Benedict (1942; 1975) excluded Miao-Yao from the Sino-Tibetan language family since sound correspondences between Miao-Yao and Chinese were considered to be caused by language contact. The key point in this debate has been ignored for a long time: are the related morphemes proposed i
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Alter, David A., Shanmugappiriya Sivarajah, Carolyn A. Freedman, Heidi Ahonen, Laurel Young, and Susan Marzolini. "The Relationship Between Music, Exercise, Self-Reported Health, and Health Behaviours Among Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients." Music and Medicine 7, no. 1 (2015): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v7i1.293.

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This study examined the perceived health-benefits of music among avid-music listeners and non-avid music listeners with exercise, and compared these perceptions with self-reported more established population indicators of health. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 300 patients who were currently participating or previously participated in an outpatient cardiac rehabilitation program, evaluating perceptions of the role of music in exercise and health. Patients were categorized as avidmusic listeners and non-listeners based on their self-reported frequency of music-listening during exe
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YU, Lin, та Dapu SHI. "從典型案例及民意調查看安樂死在中國立法之必要性". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 1, № 1 (1998): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.11330.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.中國大陸已發生多起爭議大、影響面廣的典型主動安樂死案例。醫學界內外多形式、大範園、多層次的民意調查充分顯示了各界、各階層民眾對安樂死的普遍關注。從典型案例引起的民眾反映以及各種調查數據結果分析可以看出，中國大陸的安樂死實踐亟待法律的保護和規範。本文還通過《中國醫學倫理學》雜誌6 年間主動安樂死案數的統計及多次有關主動安樂死調查問卷的統計分析得出結論：1.在中國大陸主動安樂死的實踐已走在理論研究之前，如不及時求諸法律保護和規範，將出現許多連鎖性問題，波及整個社會的方方面面。2. “故意殺人罪”是經常被冠於“主動安樂死案”的罪名，如不及時具體立法，不僅會阻礙醫務人員實施必要的安樂死從而踐行符合白己的道德良心的決策，而且會出現一些別有目的的失範行為，從而殃及醫患雙方的利益。3.安樂死的立法可根據具體的國情、民情、依秩序、依範園、多層次逐步實施。This essay briefly illustrates the first Chinese legal case of active euthanasia in 1986 and a hotly debated lawsuit in 1994. It also offers other euthanasia c
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YANG, Tianming. "簡析老子的生命倫理觀及其現代意蘊". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 5, № 2 (2007): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.51448.

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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.從現代生命倫理觀研究的現實出發，解析老子關於生命倫理觀的思想精髓及其現代意蘊，對於理解與認識現今社會發展中人與自然、人與社會和人與人之間關係所存在的問題，對於促進社會中人自由而全面的發展，都具有重要的價值和意義。從中國傳統思想文化出發，依託社會發展的現實，從倫理學角度對生命的解讀就不能僅僅局限於醫學領域，而應該是在社會這一更為寬泛的領域中進行研究。老子的思想深刻地揭示了自然、人以及社會存在和發展的內在規律，他的思想閃耀著獨特的人性的、智慧的光芒。在其博大深遠的思想之中顯現若現代意義的關於生命倫理觀的意蘊，其基本思想是：人的存在和發展必須是基於對自然和社會發展本質規律（“道”）的深入認識以及積極能動地尊重和適應﹔人的生命價值的實現和生命尊嚴的獲得必須是基於人與自然和社會良好的互動關係中得以實現的。人與外在因素互動過程中， 基本上形成了人與自然、人與社會和人與人之間三個層次的關係。在人與自然的關係中， 老子認為天之道也即是人之法，自然法則也應是人的行為規範， 應把對自然法則的認識上升到人類行為價值的高度。人對自我生命的愛護、尊重與保全，是以尊重與遵循自然之道為前提的，人的生命的存在與發展必須與自然保持和諧統一。在人與人的關係中， 老子首先認為在對待他人的
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