Dissertations / Theses on the topic '資源分配'

Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第8441号
農博第1125号
新制||農||801(附属図書館)
学位論文||H12||N3398(農学部図書室)
UT51-2000-F345
京都大学大学院農学研究科農林生物学専攻
(主査)教授 久野 英二, 教授 西岡 孝明, 教授 高藤 晃雄
学位規則第4条第1項該当

碩士
國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
102
Device-to-device (D2D) communications as an underlaying LTE-Advanced network are proved to be efficient in improving the network performance and releasing the traffic load of base station. By reusing the resource block of cellular users, the D2D communications can enhance the overall spectral efficiency. However, due to reusing the same resource block of cellular users (CUEs), there are mutual interference among D2D pairs and CUEs. In this paper, we analyze the problem which is how to maximize the total throughput by assigning the resource blocks of CUEs to D2D pairs under satisfying the quality of service (QoS) of CUEs. We formulate the uplink resource allocation problem where one CUE can share the resource with more than one D2D pairs. We also prove it is a NP-hard problem, and propose a heuristic algorithm called Greedy Throughput Maximum (GTM) algorithm to maximize the total throughput. Simulations results show that our algorithm not only has more throughput, but also has bigger Jain's fairness index than other else.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
93
The ability to continuously review, adjust and cultivate the dynamic capability in order to maintain sustainable competitive advantage becomes a major factor deciding whether or not a corporation can possess long-term profits. This process of dynamic accommodation not only faces the challenge of varying preferences from target customers but also the challenge of requirements for different resources and capabilities that companies must maintain owing to the transformations of exterior market structure and interior corporate maturity. Therefore, the research can’t merely focus on the classification of different types of resources and capabilities, but puts more emphasis on the relationship between resource allocating behavior and firm’s performance of business efficiency. By integrating the concepts about business competence from Marketing and Strategy theories, we identify two significant resource allocation activities and their own barrier effects upon other rival companies in the market. One is the resource invested in the activities of creating product value such as R&D expenses and it focuses on enhancing value creation and gaining competitive advantage. The other is the resource invested for the purpose of supporting the marketing appropriation activities like advertising or promotion expenses and it focuses on appropriating the product value and building an effective barrier to other competitors. This research adopts the method of Data Envelopment Analysis to measure the performance of business efficiency and tries to make a connection between the performance and resource allocating behavior. The factors decide good or bad performance of companies including different kinds of resource allocating strategies, which are further affected by characters of market environment and stages of business life cycle. The main results of this research are as follows, 1.Accessibility to the market determines the impact of R&D innovation and marketing appropriation activities on the performance of business efficiency. 2.Firms with different kinds of market accessibility reveal divergent patterns of resource allocation trajectories, and the key factors influencing the performance of business efficiency include the correct focus of resource allocation and the consistence of long-term resource allocating strategy. 3.Firms in different stages of business life cycle will equally put more emphasis on marketing activities as their life cycles evolve. However, as the accessibility of the market becomes higher, firms in the same stage of business life cycle tend to allocate more resources in marketing activities and show greater divergence in their resource allocating behaviors.

碩士
國立中正大學
社會福利系
91
As the politics and economics developed, the central government has provided the projected social welfare subsidy since 1989. The granted issues and budgets rose year by year. For a decade, the central government attempted to legislate for the social welfare, and guide local governments to play a part in setting central policies into action by the means of the projected subsidies. A vigorous development of the nation-wide social welfare was triggered. Under the central meritocracy, the denunciation of the central government for the focused power and budgets was heard quite often. To fulfill the communalism, raise the efficiency of the subsidies, and control the expanded budgets asked from local governments, Directorate-General of Budget Accounting and Statics (DGBAS) started to drive the block-granted system on its way in 2001. This block-granted system gives local governments an integrated budget instead of the case-by-case proposed subsidies. Its concept is identical to the global budgeting of the National Health Insurance. Indeed, it''s an important transition for the financial and business authority of the central and local governments. And further analyses are definitely needed. This thesis makes use of many perspectives on the welfare economics, pubic administration, new public management, welfare finance, and budget reformation. It is orientated as the qualitative analysis carried out by questionary survey, interview, documentation, and analyzing budget data as follows: 1.With structural options and open questionary survey, I have an investigation or interview with the financial, accounting, and social welfare workers in the central and local governments. 2. Because the budget system is the main method for the allocation of the public resources, I try to assay the variation of the social welfare budget during two years before and three years after the commencement of the block-granted system with the information of the local-government social welfare core funds subsidized by the central government in 1999 and 2000 and the budgets of local governments from 1999 to 2003. Discoveries: 1. After the implementation of the block-granted system, more local governments budget for social welfare based on global budgeting. And the finance related department plays a more important role in social welfare budget. 2.Most administrators of the social bureau in local governments think that the block-granted system can reduce the flow path of the processes, help them predict the budget next year, and allow them to map out the welfare works and budgets in advance. The autonomy and flexibility have been increasing. However, the total amounts from the block-granted system are not enough, and local governments have financial problems in common, so these administrators don''t believe the system can really satisfy the citizens. 3. Although the financial situation is severe and the resources are decreased, the grading mechanism of the block-granted system still focuses the social welfare resources into legislative items. Besides, the divergences between local governments have been cut down. 4. In the use of social welfare resources, no matter what viewpoints, such as Utilitarianism, Liberalism and Communitarianism, we take, the efficiency is basically increased, but the fairness slightly regressed in the first two years since block-granted system was started. And until 2003, the justice begins to be improved. 5. About the execution of social welfare policies, the independence of local governments is indeed raised. The grading mechanism makes the budgets of legislative items slightly increase with comparison to the budgets before the implementation of block-granted system. We can figure that the central and local governments begin to have interaction when promoting the policies. 6. In the aspect of the role playing, local governments gradually stop the elderly living allowance, which is now granted by the central government. The financial and business authority of the works which take means tests such as social assistance, low and medium living and take-care assistance, and social welfare service are now incorporated into local governments. This is a proper division for the central and local governments. 7.The basic protection is still insufficient for the disadvantaged such as children, teenagers, women, and the family of low and medium income. A constant attention should be paid on the resources put to them. And we should notice whether the resources for the disabilities satisfy the increment of the disabled population. Suggestions: Block-granted system makes the division of the central and local governments more explicit and appropriate. In the future, however, in the area of the social assistance and the welfare of the disadvantaged minority, the responsibilities will belong to local governments. Until now, local governments are still lack of complete network for the disadvantaged and sufficient delivery of the social welfare service. Especially, the children''s social resources in low-and-medium family are really deficient, and the atmosphere tends to blame this on their family. The conservatism dominates. Besides, for the pressure of the political competition and the elective checks, resources are likely to be thrown into those issues with lower priorities. So here are some suggestions to the central and local governments. Increase the budgets as soon as possible and prioritize the construction of the network for the disadvantaged. This will conform to the efficiency and justice of the social welfare resources, and help us face the strike from globalization. Key words: social welfare budget, social welfare resources allocation, block-granted system, new public management, budget reformation,projected subsidy

碩士
國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
90
The purpose of this project is to develop a methodology for risk assessment of water shortage under the influence of El Nino or La Nina as well as to perform benefit analysis of short-term remediation measures. We first introduce the definition and the occurrence mechanism of ENSO. The procedures and a flow chart of the proposed methodology are then established. The methodology consists of two parts. Part 1 analyzes the impact of ENSO on the hydro-meteorological conditions in northern and central Taiwan. Part 2 conducts risk assessment of water shortage under the La-Nina occurrence and performs benefit analysis of short-term remediation measures. Part 1 procedures include: (1) Use of variance analysis to investigate whether temperature or rainfall in northern and central Taiwan is abnormal during periods of spring, typhoon, plum rain and winter under the occurrence of El Nino or La Nina; and (2) Drought analysis of stream flows in northern and central Taiwan under the occurrence of El Nino or La Nina. The results show that: (1) The variability of rainfall is significant under El Nino or La Nina in northern and central Taiwan during the periods of spring and typhoon. The variability of temperature is also significant during the winter period; and (2) The stream flows in northern and central Taiwan reveal normal or wet conditions under El Nino with medium intensity. The stream flows exhibit normal or dry conditions under La Nina with medium intensity. Part 2 procedures include: (1) Use of residual approach to synthesize several sets of temperature and rainfall data under La Nina; (2) Use of a water balance model to generate stream flows; (3) Use of an optimization model to allocate water supply and to calculate the shortage index for a selected water resources system; (4) Risk assessment of water shortage; and (5) Benefit analysis of short-term remediation measures. The developed procedures are applied to Miao-Li County, including part of Tai-Chung County. Water demand and conveyance facilities under the current conditions (year 2001) are used. Prior to implementing the procedures, all models are calibrated against the historical records. The results show that: (1) When La Nina with medium intensity occurs, the risk of water shortage is 87% in Miao-Li County if the modified shortage index (MSI) is 0 and is 50% if MSI is 0.115; (2) When La Nina with medium intensity occurs, a maximum benefit of NT$3.48 million can be gained in Miao-Li County if 445 hectares of paddy rice ceased cultivating; and (3) The optimal area that cultivation is ceased and the associated optimal benefit increase when the unit price of crop decreases.

碩士
中國文化大學
政治學研究所
96
This paper is to discuss “The Transformation of the Higher Education Policy under Globalization: Comparative Analysis of Distribution of Educational Resources between Two Sides Crossing the Taiwan’s Straits.”It’s a regulatory and experienced comprehensive research. The emphasis of this paper is as follows: 1) competition of higher education under globalization in terms of resource distribution; 2) policy making on good quality of higher education in response to global competition; 3) management of educational resources in order to providing efficiency; and 4) cooperation between student learning and industrial supports for more collection of educational resources. This paper aims at making suggestion for governmental consideration of policy making on education in a competitive world.

碩士
國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
99
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is an attractive modulation technique adopted in new generation wireless networks, such as WiMAX, to provide high-speed transmission. In an OFDMA frame, burst is the radio resource allocated by Base Stations (BSs) for Subscriber Stations (SSs) to receive or transmit data. Due to scarcity of radio resource, how to allocate bursts to SSs efficiently becomes an important issue. In this paper, we especially focus on the downlink burst allocation problem because users spend most of their time to download data from BSs. A QoS-based resource allocation and scheduling scheme is proposed aiming to deal with the burst allocation problem in cooperative OFDMA wireless networks. Consideration of QoS guarantee and two-hop transmission can also improve the efficiency of the proposed scheme. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme can minimize the transmission time and thus increase thenetwork throughput.

碩士
國立政治大學
會計研究所
97
The relationship between related party transactions and company’s performance in the past literature has not reached absolutely unanimous conclusion, but the past literature has not considered the different characteristics of individual company in the group and different related party transactions’ motive induced by those characteristics. Therefore, moderated multiple regression（MMR）that adopted by Sharma et al.（1981） and Le et al.（2006）is employed in this study in order to discuss the relationship between the transactions made by individual company with different characteristics in the group and the individual company’s performance. According to the empirical results in this paper, there are indeed different relationships between the transactions made by individual company with different characteristics in the group and the individual company’s performance. On the one hand, the results indicate that there is a positive relationship between the related party transactions made by the individual company with the three characteristics in the group and the companies’ performance. The three characteristics are as follows: 1. higher board shareholdings. 2. higher institutional investors’ holdings. 3. higher the current ratio. On the other hand, the results show that there is a negative relationship between the related party transactions made by the individual company with the six characteristics in the group and the companies’ performance. The six characteristics are as follows: 1. managers as more seats in the board. 2. pyramidal ownership structure. 3. the core companies in the group. 4. higher the liabilities ratio. 5. higher the long-term liabilities ratio. 6. lower the time interest earned.