To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: 關鍵問題.

Journal articles on the topic '關鍵問題'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 15 journal articles for your research on the topic '關鍵問題.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

CLARK, Chalmers C. "醫患信任". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 4, № 2 (2002): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.41430.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese建立醫患之間的信任關係是解決患者弱勢問題的必由之路。而如何激發信任成為關鍵問題。在這一方面,只要醫療行業能夠認識到要保護它的職業利益和職業自主權就必須培養患者信任,信任的激發就不成問題了。儘管醫患信任的重建必須有這樣一個狹隘的出發點,但維護信任對我們提出了更多的要求--在醫生職業教育中應該強調珀西瓦爾Percival的同情醫療的態度和技術。在這樣的前提下,未來的醫療從業人員就會把道德、愛心和信任作為職業宗旨的組成要素,做出更衷心的承諾,從而更好地維護醫患信任。DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 30 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

SPARROW, Robert, та Joshua HATHERLEY. "人工智能醫學應用的前景與風險". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 17, № 2 (2019): 79–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.171678.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.人工智能(AI)將如何促進人類的醫療保健?如果我們擔心人工智能介入醫療的風險,我們又應該關注什麽呢?本文試圖概述此類問題,並對人工智能介入醫療的風險與希望作一個初步評價。人工智能作為一種研究工具和診斷工具具有巨大的潛力,特別是在基因組學和公共衛生領域中。人工智能在醫療中的廣泛使用可能還會對醫療系統的組織方式和商業實踐產生深刻的影響,而這些影響的方式與程度還沒有被充分認識到。在人工智能醫學的熱情擁護者看來,應用人工智能可以幫助醫生集中精力在對他們和病人而言真正重要的問題上。然而,本文將論證這些樂觀的判斷是基於對現代醫療環境下機構和經濟運行規則的一些不合情理的假設之上。本文將聚焦於如下一 些重要議題:大資料中的隱私、監管和偏見,過分信任機器的風險,透明度問題,醫療專業人士的“去技能化”問題,人工智能重塑醫療保健的方式,以及人工智能對醫療保健中權力分配的影響。其中有兩個關鍵的問題尤其值得哲學家和生命倫理學家的進一步關注。第一,當醫生不僅需要處理人而且需要處理資料的時候,醫療實踐會呈現出什麽樣的形態?第二,在醫療決策權衡中,我們應該给予來自機器的意見以多大的權重?What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) have to c
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Tam, Hugo Wing-Yu. "印尼華裔中學生繼承語學習動機及其影響因素 [Motivational orientations of secondary school students of Mandarin Chinese as a heritage language in Indonesia]". Chinese as a Second Language (漢語教學研究—美國中文教師學會學報). The journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, USA 54, № 2 (2019): 145–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/csl.18013.tam.

Full text
Abstract:
摘要 學生學習動機的研究是當前華語第二語言教學的重要課題。華裔學生的繼承語言學習動機更是華語學習成效的重要關鍵。本研究通過問卷調查了印尼華裔中學生繼承語學習動機的類型,並檢視了不同背景變項對印尼華裔中學生繼承語學習動機類型的影響。研究者親自赴印尼中爪哇省進行華語教學與研究,以前導訪談和繼承語學習動機文獻為基礎,經專家進行題項審閱後,編製了印華雙語版本的「繼承語學習動機量表」。研究以分層叢集比例取樣的方式,向兩所初中和一所高中每級各兩班發出共 310 份問卷,共收回有效問卷174份。透過因素分析歸納出6種動機類型:學習情境、族裔傳承、學習期望、學習情感、綜合型、工具型。總量表Cronbach α = .85,六個分量表的α = .695~.884,顯示此量表的信度品質頗佳。研究分析顯示華裔印尼中學生的繼承語學習動機因性別、學校階段別、族裔語言背景和家族語言背景而有顯著差異。最後,文章結合研究結果提出教學應用與未來研究的具體建議,以期供繼承語教師作參考。
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

DUH, Baurui. "中國哲學史方法論----以四方架構為中心/The Methodology of Chinese Philosophical History–Exemplifies by the Four Square Framework". Asian Studies, № 1 (25 вересня 2012): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2012.-16.1.3-27.

Full text
Abstract:
摘要針對傳統文本詮釋的需求,筆者提出一套「中國哲學史方法論」。以「宇宙論、本體論、工夫論、境界論」為哲學基本問題所組成的四方詮釋架構,它既有詮釋文本的功能,更有溝通中西的效果。同時,不妨礙仍以西方哲學的形上學、知識論、倫理學為進路進行「中國哲學研究」。關鍵詞:中國哲學方法論, 中國哲學史方法論, 宇宙論, 本體論, 工夫論, 境界論, 文本詮釋, 分類判教 The author suggests a method of text interpretative orientated methodological approach which has given the name of methodology of Chinese philosophical history. It is actually an interpretational system constructed by four basic philosophical questions which have all marked Chinese philosophy. They are cosmology, ontology, practical theory and theory of perfect personality. This paper focuses on introducing the metho
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

WANG, Jue. "重審生命倫理學視域下身體話語的地位——以臨終決策為線索". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 13, № 1 (2015): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.131584.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.對於生命終極的關懷,臨終決策是現代生命倫理學不可忽視的一個重大話題。本文試圖從身體的角度論證當代生命倫理學話語由於失落了身體而陷入一場深刻的危機。具體而言,本文將通過對臨終決策困境的分析展示危機的根源,論證身體經驗及相關倫理關係是生命倫理學不可或缺的基礎。作者認為,只有作為身體倫理,生命倫理學才能充分實現它的學術追問和學科理念。身心二元論只是一個虛構,身體性存在才是人格同一性的真正基礎。因此,建設生命倫理學不只是擁抱某些抽象的自主原則,或是某些精緻的道德主體的體系,更關鍵的問題是要回答“我們希望成為何等樣的人,希望將來生活在怎樣的世界中”。How is the body articulated in language and discourse during end-of-life decision making? How do individuals and their family members represent and define the relationships between person, body, and self? Recently, studies have been conducted on the decision-m
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

WANG, Jue. "養老領域中的代際衝突與代際公平——基於儒家倫理的視閾". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 17, № 1 (2019): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.171662.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.從世界範園看,代際公平早已經是一個與養老金改革、醫療資源配置等問題深度捆綁的核心議題。代際公平危機首先凸顯在養老金赤字上,並進一步危及到社會養老保險制度的公平性,危及到養老保障制度的基礎--代際契約。就倫理層面而言,如何在老齡化的壓力重構代際契約成為決定代際公平辯論走向的關鍵。本文擬簡述目前在代際公平辯論中佔主導地位的解釋範式,並批判性地審查其倫理意蘊與局限性。在此基礎上,本文擬提供一種基於儒家倫理思想的替代性的解釋範式。本文試圖論證儒家倫理及其蘊含的代際契約不僅為解決代際公平問題提供了新的思路,而且也為當前中國養老制度改革提供一些重要的政策建議。From a global perspective, generational equity has long been a core issue in pension reform and medical resource allocation. Indeed, discussion of generational equity involves a financial crisis related to pension deficits and the fairness of the pension s
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

LI, Hon Lam. "墮胎與“人”的程度: 闡釋墮胎(及動物權利)問題無法解決的因由". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 7, № 2 (2009): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.71476.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.本文旨在了解墮胎問題為甚麼那麼難解決。除了一些特殊的情況之外(例如母親如果不墮胎,性命將受威脅),究竟胎兒是不是人這個問題是解決墮胎問題的重要關鍵。我假設胎兒是不是人這問題,是跟多少粒沙便可成堆這個問題相類似,因為兩者都牽涉模糊性。然後我論證:正如沙的成堆度 (degree of heapness)取決於沙粒的多寡,那麼胎兒的成人度 (degree of personhood) 亦取決於胎兒生理上的發展。我進一步論證胎兒的內在價值或道德地位,是取決於它的成人度。問題是,我們不懂得如何去比較母親對自由的索求和胎兒對生命的索求,因為我們不懂得如何將道德地位和索求的種類合併:我們既沒有任何倫理演算法或概念上的工具,可用來衡量一個重要生物的較輕微索求(例如母親的自由),和一個較輕微生物的重要索求(例如胎兒的生命)。同樣地,在道德素食主義的問題上,我們不知道怎樣去衡量或比較一頭牛對生命的索求,和一個食家對味道的索求。因為這兩類索求不但是互相競爭,而且是不相稱的,因此墮胎和道德素食主義這兩個難題,是不能被解決的。起碼,它們的疑難,有一個我們還未探索的源頭。The aim of this article is to understand the apparent
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

HSIAO, Hung En. "醫療的人性關懷——對生命的敬畏". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 5, № 1 (2007): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.51436.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.“醫乃仁術”為中國歷來醫學之理念,“仁心仁術”更是當今醫療化之社會的期望﹔只是“仁心仁術”不能僅為一份善意,必要表顯於實際行動的對待,而醫療實踐的關鍵即在於生理、病理客觀呈現之“疾病”(disease) 的查察與個體 (individual) 或作為一位格實在之個人 (person) 主觀感受之病痛 (illness) 觀照此二面相 (dimension) 的綜合,而醫師的診斷或診療也就在此一綜合上的成就。另一方面,在當今醫療社會化的處境下, 整個社會對醫學的倚賴已不僅是個人之病症的解除,而且及於價值判斷的化約為醫師專業的診斷,某些一般人所面對的棘手問題(尤其是心理、精神方面的問題)都歸到了醫學的專業判斷上!這更是加重了醫學專業明辨的社會責任與對公共利益的觀護之承擔。由之,我們不難感受到,我們需要的是一個敬畏生命、熱愛生命、具人性關懷的醫學與社會醫療, 而不僅是一個醫療化的社會!我們希望面對的醫者是一個活生生、有熱度的人,而不僅是一名技術高起的專業工匠罷了!Practicing in deeds is historically one of the basic ideas of Chinese medicine. Benevolence entert
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

LEE, Hsien-Chung. "「指物」與「齊物」的認知觀點比較/Comparison of the Cognitive Perspective of “Referring to Things” and “Equality of Things”". Asian Studies, № 1 (25 вересня 2012): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2012.-16.1.45-64.

Full text
Abstract:
摘要「指物」是名家公孫龍的觀點,「齊物」是道家莊子的看法。莊子在〈齊物論〉中強烈批評公孫龍的「指物」思想。公孫龍的〈指物論〉基本上是主客二元認知模式,而莊子〈齊物論〉的認知觀點則是「道通為一」的感通模式。本文從認知的目的、方式、結果等方面進行比較;說明「指物」的認知觀點容易走入懷疑或不可知論,而莊子的「齊物」觀點,雖有神秘色彩,但在認知方法上,提供了階段性的「整體把握」。「指物」與「齊物」的認知觀點,在傳統中國哲學認知問題上具有相輔相成的意義。關鍵詞:指物、齊物、主客二元、道通為一While Gong Sun Longzi advocated the cognitive perspective of “referring to things”, (zhi wu 指物) Zhuangzi advocated the cognitive position of “equality of things” (qi wu 齊物), which strongly criticized the former. The cognitive model of Gong Sun Longzi is basically a subject-object dualism, but Zhuangzi’s cognitive perspective is that all things are penetra
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

LI, Jun. "安樂死: 一種儒家倫理之考量". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 7, № 1 (2009): 91–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.71472.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.本文從儒家倫理的視角對安樂死問題加以考量。本文指出,由於儒家對於死後生活的淡漠,使得其更接近世俗倫理的思路,從而可以與安樂死的支持者對話。儒家培養忍耐痛苦的弘毅德性,從而不鼓勵通過選擇死亡來解除痛苦;通過對倫理關係構成人本質的洞察,更反對生死自主的迷誤,指出倫理關係的相關者必須為此負責。但是安樂死對於生命尊嚴的追求在儒家思想上是值得尊重的,關鍵在於這種追求能否鞏固人們生活在其中的倫理關係。This essay reexamines the issue of euthanasia from the perspective of Confucian ethics. The author, as a Confucian scholar, responds to and analyzes the ethical challenge posed by euthanasia. In this way, the essay constitutes a preliminary attempt to establish a Confucian understanding of and attitude towards euthanasia.Confucians gen
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

CHENG, Warman W. M., Alex F. CARRE, Ku KIM, and Robin CARR. "International Comparative Analysis of Time-out Decision Making Strategies Employed by Male University Basketball Coaches." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 9, no. 2 (2003): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.91288.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The purpose of this study was to do a comparative analysis of the critical coaching interventions surrounding the use of timeouts employed by male university coaches. Little examination of such game related coaching decision making as a measure of coaching effectiveness has been conducted, particularly at the international level. Fifty-five male coaches of men’s university basketball teams from four different countries (Canada, Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan) were analyzed using a questionnaire consisting of demographic questio
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

CHENG, Guobin, та Xiaoxi WU. "在AI醫生和病人之間——人工智能診斷技術的內在邏輯及其對病人主體性建構的影響". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 17, № 2 (2019): 11–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.171670.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.近年來,人工智能(AI)技術在醫療領域中的應用探索十分活躍,AI診斷又是其中的關注焦點。它可以使診斷更加高效和準確,從而在整體上改善醫療診斷品質,提高醫療資源的供给效率和公平性。不論從AI診斷發展的技術邏輯還是西方現代醫學診斷思維來看,從智慧助手發展到AI醫生都具有一定的合理性與必然性。但這一技術具有其内在局限,即使已經發展到理想狀態,AI醫生也不能完全取代醫生,它能輔助醫生和患者更充分地發揮各自的能動性,卻有可能傷害醫患互動的關鍵内核:意義生成和人格構建。如何在充分利用AI診斷醫生的效率的同時避免其有可能帶來的負面影響,人們需要對AI診斷技術發展的底層邏輯提供足夠有力的理論拮抗,而不是停留在技術所限定好的語境中解決那些具體的問題。本文提出,有必要引入中國傳統醫學的診斷思維和儒家“成人”理論,作為針對西方現代醫學觀念和現代主體性哲學發起反思的重要理論資源,並在此基礎上重新審視技術與人文的關係。Applying AI in medical contexts, especially for diagnosis, has become very popular in recent years. AI has the potential to make di
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

FANG, Yao. "儒家倫理是器官捐獻的觀念障礙麼?——如何理解“身體髮膚,不敢毀傷”". International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine 12, № 1 (2014): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ijccpm.121553.

Full text
Abstract:
LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.通過引證《孝經》的傳統的重新注釋,本文指出中國生命倫理學界對“身體髮膚,受之父母,不敢毀傷”的理解有不足之處,既未注意到“毀傷”可作“刑傷”解,也未注意到“毀傷”即使作“損傷”解,以上說話也不排除親屬之間器官捐獻的可能性。此外,身體之完整在儒家倫理體系中並非最高道德原則,因為身與義的關係是需要考察具體的情境來做道德評判。在從新註釋儒家文本的前提下,筆者試圖證明,今天在中國大陸要推進器官捐獻事業,並不需要否定《孝經》中這一要求保持身體完整性的原則,因為儒家倫理體系與贊同器官捐獻並非不可化解的矛盾,問題的關鍵不是否定“不敢毀傷”,而是肯定器官捐獻的選擇合乎仁義,符合“立身行道”。論證捐獻器官挽救他人生命是一種值得讚美的高貴選擇可以將捐獻者及其家屬從所謂“不孝”的輿論壓力之下解脫出來。There is an organ shortage worldwide and particularly in China. Many researchers in the field of bioethics agree that Confucianism impedes the modern notion of organ donation due to its pos
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

LEE, Jer-shiarn. "論戴震 (1723–1777) 之考證哲學及其反思/On Dai Zhen’s (1723–1777) Philosophy of Evidential Research and Its Reflection". Asian Studies, № 1 (25 вересня 2012): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2012.-16.1.29-41.

Full text
Abstract:
摘要清代乾嘉時期之學風係以考證知名。之所以如此,主要由於乾嘉學者不滿宋、明學者以哲學思辯之方式研究儒學典籍,而未能把握原始儒學之真貌,故轉而以考證之方式來研究儒家之原典,其目的在於欲恢復原始儒學之真貌。在乾嘉時期,戴震雖被視為最重要之考證學者之一,然戴氏為學之旨趣,實超出考證學之外,而欲以之作為彰顯儒學原貌之方法學。戴氏明言,其為學之方法乃是一語言學或訓詁之方法,亦即欲以訓詁之方法來研究哲學之問題,以之作為彰顯原始儒學真相之最佳方法,並由此建立其考證哲學,其目的即欲以本身之哲學來取代宋、明理學。依此,本文旨在探究戴震在重建原始儒學之努力,並針對戴氏之考證哲學作一反思,以明其價值及限制。關鍵詞:考證學、復古主義、理學、漢學、考證哲學Dai Zhen was known as a leading proponent of the evidential research (kaozheng) school during the Qian Jia Era. However, he regarded kaozheng as primarily a means of revealing the truth. Moreover, he was regarded as a philosopher rather than as merely a kaozheng, or textual, schol
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

Clements-Cortés, Amy. "An Overview of the Bonny Method & Its Use in Palliative Care Settings." Music and Medicine 8, no. 2 (2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v8i2.486.

Full text
Abstract:
The Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music (Bonny Method) is a therapeutic treatment and approach that facilitates an environment where a client may gain personal insight and support related to critical life issues and/or concerns. It is a deeply integrative practice, which can also be reconstructive. Conceived by Dr. Helen Bonny, the Bonny method typically utilizes tailored sequences of Western classical music programs that are distinctly designed to stimulate/sustain imagery connected to unconscious feelings and memories. This paper encompasses an introduction to the Bonny Method and guide
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!