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1

Dancila, Bogdan Dumitru. "Altitude optimization algorithm for cruise, constant speed and level flight segments." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/960/1/DANCILA_Bogdan_Dumitru.pdf.

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Dans ce mémoire le développement d’un algorithme est présenté. Dans cet algorithme, nous déterminons l’altitude optimale pour un vol de croisière, à une vitesse et altitude constantes, sur un segment donné de la trajectoire de vol. Le critère d’optimisation correspond à la minimisation des couts totaux, et, si possible, de la consommation de combustible, pour parcourir le segment de croisière spécifié. Le but principal est de prouver le concept d’un algorithme, pour une fonctionnalité du FMS, informant les pilotes sur l’altitude de vol optimale pour le segment de croisière considéré. L’algorithme a été développé en MATLAB, en utilisant une nouvelle méthode de calcul de la consommation de combustible pour les vols de croisière, à une vitesse et altitude constantes, en utilisant les données de performance de l’avion. Trois modèles d’avion ont été considérées, un pour lequel le modèle du vol de croisière prend en compte la position du centre de gravité, et deux modèles qui ne le font pas. L’algorithme a été développé pour des conditions normales de vol, et il ne prend pas en compte les couts correspondent aux changements d’altitude, au début et à la fin du segment, requises pour atteindre l’altitude optimale et revenir à l’altitude de croisière initiale. Les performances de l’algorithme ont été évaluées sur trois modèles d’avion – Airbus A310, Sukhoi RRJ et Lockheed L1011. Les données de validation ont été générées à partir des informations produites sur une plate-forme FMS de CMC Electronics – Esterline, qui utilise les mêmes modèles d’avion, et les mêmes données de performance, pour les mêmes conditions de vol
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2

Chefer, Sonia Mara. "Os jogos educativos como ferramenta de aprendizagem enfatizando a educação ambiental no ensino de ciências." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/960.

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Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os jogos educativos como proposta de prática investigativa, bem como avaliar a aprendizagem por meio desse instrumento no Ensino de Ciências, sobre o tema transversal Meio Ambiente, enfatizando a Educação Ambiental no Ensino Fundamental. Evidencia a Educação Ambiental, considerando a aprendizagem significativa, com destaque específico para a utilização de jogos educativos. Discute o Ensino de Ciências no Brasil, a Educação Ambiental, os Jogos Educativos, a Aprendizagem Significativa, com base na literatura pertinente ao tema. A pesquisa abrange uma população de 65 alunos. Para a coleta dos dados utilizou-se de questionários com questões abertas e fechadas para levantamento dos conhecimentos prévios dos alunos (pré-teste) e pós-teste. Apresenta resultados sobre a utilização de jogos didáticos no encaminhamento metodológico, de forma significativa no processo de ensino aprendizagem de Ciências e que facilitem a compreensão do conteúdo de forma motivadora e divertida. Demonstra que o jogo educativo constitui-se em um importante auxílio para o trabalho curricular por seu caráter motivacional, desafiador e construtivo; pode ser inserido no planejamento disciplinar e utilizado como proposta pedagógica, pois possibilitou um ambiente educativo e descontraído com evidências de aprendizagem significativa. A proposta da utilização dos jogos educativos no ensino de Ciências e Educação Ambiental se formaliza a partir da constatação das características lúdicas de ensino que o material produzido possui. Dessa maneira, podem proporcionar ao professor um recurso que possibilita chamar a atenção do aluno, aguçando a curiosidade em buscar novos conhecimentos sobre o ambiente em que vive. Como produto final desta pesquisa, estruturou-se uma Unidade Didática, com um conjunto ordenado de atividades, estruturadas e articuladas, visando auxiliar o professor de Ciências em sua ação pedagógica durante o ano letivo.<br>This research aims to analyze the educational games as a proposed research practice, and assess learning through this instrument in Science Teaching, on the cross-cutting theme Environment, emphasizing the Environmental Education in Elementary Education. Evidence Environmental Education, considering the significant learning, with specific emphasis on the use of educational games. Discusses the teaching of science in Brazil, Environmental Education, the Educational Games, Meaningful Learning, based on the literature relevant to the topic. The research covers a population of 65 students. To collect the data we used questionnaires with open and closed questions for survey of students' prior knowledge (pretest) and posttest. Presents results on the use of educational games in methodological routing significantly in the teaching and learning of Science to facilitate understanding of the content in a motivating and fun way. Demonstrates that the educational game constitutes an important aid for curriculum work for his motivational, challenging and constructive character; can be inserted in the disciplinary planning and used as a pedagogical proposal, it enabled a substantial and relaxed environment with evidence of significant learning. The proposed use of educational games in teaching Science and Environmental Education is formalized based on the findings of the entertaining features of teaching that has produced the material. Thus, the teacher can provide a resource that enables call the student's attention, sharpening the curiosity to seek new knowledge about the environment in which he lives. As a final product of this research, structured on a Didactic Unit, with an ordered set of activities, structured and articulated, aiming to help the science teacher in their pedagogical activities during the school year.
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3

Cinici, Ahmet. "An Architectural Investigation Of Leisure Spaces In The Roman Domestic Context: The Case Of Ephesus." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607673/index.pdf.

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Leisure is most basically defined as the time free from work. The ancient conception and forms of leisure were quite different from the modern ones, which came into discussion during the industrial era. The Roman society was highly stratified and comprised of diverse social classes for which leisure acquired different forms and meanings. Every stratum of the Roman society enjoyed the possibilities and pleasures of leisure proportional to its hierarchy in the social system, so that leisure can be investigated in both public and private contexts in the Roman world. This study aims to investigate leisure, which was one of the main driving social forces in the Roman society, in spatial terms with reference to Roman domestic architecture. The study focuses on central Italy and particularly on Ephesus, the latter of which is a good example to discuss how the Roman conception of leisure was spatially materialized in a provincial private setting since a group of well studied, documented, and published houses constitute an appropriate comparative sample and context in Ephesus. The spatial organization and characteristics of the spaces housing leisurely activities are discussed on the basis of an axes-scheme that regulated and even dictated the visual and bodily interaction of the participants with certain spaces and elements during leisure activities either in a static state (sitting, reclining), or a kinetic one (walking, perambulating). The visual axes are those perceived in either of these states, along which the eye is directed towards a visual focal point, whereas the dynamic axes are those along which people move during a kinetic leisurely activity. The location, architecture, and use of leisure-oriented spaces in the Roman period houses in Ephesus, such as triclinium, exedra, oecus, museion, and peristyle courtyard are examined with reference to the proposed axes-scheme to present and compare the operation of leisure in the Roman provincial and private setting.
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4

Ozarslan, Yasemin. "The Cultic Landscapes Of Phrygia." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612840/index.pdf.

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This thesis examines Phrygian cultic sites in Western Phrygia from the perspective of landscape using a range of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) analyses. More specifically, it explores spatial relationships between these cultic sites and the regional geographical context with reference to certain environmental and cultural parameters. These include topography, geology, and distance to settlements, hilltop sites, and ancient roads. A total of 30 Phrygian cultic sites form the primary archaeological evidence. Secondary archaeological evidence covers a range of mound settlements and hilltop sites associated with Phrygian culture. The study heavily relies on the readily available archaeological site data from related publications and recent surveys in the region. Geographic datasets used include ASTER Global DEM and derived surfaces, as well as digital geological and historical maps. This study contributes to our understanding of Phrygian cultic sites by revealing certain patterns as to their locations. It also brings all the available site data from Western Phrygia together for the first time. Ultimately, it suggests that the &ldquo<br>highlandscapes&rdquo<br>of Phrygia with spectacular geological formations could have played a crucial role on the cultic site locations.
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5

Ulusoy, Derya. "Archaeology Of The Galatians At Ancyra From The Hellenistic Period Through The Roman Era." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607385/index.pdf.

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Galatians who entered into Anatolia in about 280 B.C., in order to help the Bithynian king Nicomedes I against his brother Zipoetas, had a significant role in the history of the ancient Asia Minor. Archaeological material that were recovered from different sites such as Gordion, Pessinus and Tavion and fort settlements mostly dating to the late Hellenistic Period are the most important sources that provide information on their presence in Galatia region named after them. The main purpose of this thesis is to bring together all the archaeological, historical and epigraphical data to present in a coherent way and examine the fort settlements around Ancyra attributed to the Galatians. It both aims to understand the Galatians archaeologically and also by applying new methods such as Visibility Analysis through GIS studies, it hopes to materialize some of the assumptions regarding settlement systems. In order to achieve these, after a thorough presentation of the archaeological and historical data, the forts surveyed around Ancyra are described individually and then studied as a system with the help of Visibility Analysis. The thesis also confirms the presumed relationship between the location of the forts and the topography as well as identifying criteria for choice of location for ancient settlements.
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6

Uncu, Hakki. "Carbon-14 Chronology Of Anatolia In Early Bronze Age." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612845/index.pdf.

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This study is a conclusion of radiocarbon datings which are depend on evaluations of archaeologists or scholars who publishes these datings. So it is very attached to observations of those scholars especially for determining sub-phases of samples which are dated. According to these datings, the radiocarbon story of Anatolian Early Bronze Age starts with a dating from Troia from 3760 cal. BC and ends with a dating from &Ccedil<br>adirh&ouml<br>y&uuml<br>k in 1630 cal. BC. Of course these dates are the lower and higher borders of the 68% probability band. As a result of assessments of all datings it can be said that the beginning of Early Broze Age in Anatolia is started equally more or less in every region at the same time interval that corresponds 3700/3400 BC and continued 800 years approximately. Although error deviation bands overlap onto each other, it is possible to say that the EB2 period of Anatolia ruled between 2800-2400 BC roughly. In this work it can be observed that the ending of the Early Bronze Age in Anatolia generally not ocured simultaneously. Sos H&ouml<br>y&uuml<br>k for example in the East Anatolia for example, drawing a very special profile with an ending date 2300 BC for the Early Bronze Age. Some other sites giving results as late as nearly in 18th. and 17th. century BC. For the timing of the end of Early Bronze Age in Anatolia, it can be said that, inequality among the sites are more likely other than regions.
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7

Sakarya, Ilham. "Defining Spatial Distribution Of Storage Vessels In Ancient Burgaz At The Fourth Century B.c." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1253244/index.pdf.

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This research is an investigation of the spatial organization of household activities and especially the storage facilities in Ancient Burgaz. The four well-preserved houses at the Northeast Sector, their artefact assemblages which come from the final occupation floor level dated to the 4th century B.C., and the storage containers have been evaluated. The spatial distributions of the artefacts were studied through the use of quantitative methods with the objective of identifying storage spaces in Burgaz houses. The results of this quantitative analysis and the observations regarding Burgaz houses have been compared to other contemporary sites in ancient Aegean.
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8

Sentek, Mina. "Cult Buildings In Aceramic Neolithic Southeast Anatolia: A Case Study Of Nevali Cori." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607137/index.pdf.

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First settlements in Southeast Anatolia begun to appear as early as 10000 BC. Among all the unanswered questions about this early period, cult-related activities and cult buildings are widely studied due to their nature, which has strong connections with the social organization and early symbolism. During the last decade, Southeast Anatolia has provided new evidence for this early stage of development in human history. This study aims to examine cult buildings that have common characteristics<br>how they were treated and distributed. The settlement of Nevali &Ccedil<br>ori and its cult building is taken as an example and studied in detail. Other cult buildings with the same or similar architectural features are included in this study in order to discuss the roots, the distribution and the continuity of this Aceramic Neolithic tradition.
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9

Tuncer, Aylin. "Deposition And Dislocation Of Pottery As Surface Assemblages In Semi-arid Regions." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605927/index.pdf.

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This thesis aims to discuss the archaeological concerns about how surveys can provide data tht is meaningful to construct spatial patterning and its intricacies for inferences through altering processes diversified as cultural and natural processes. Along with that there is also a second concern dealing with the application of these theoretical issues to practical basis. It consists both methodological limits and also limits governed by the legislation of the particular area according to the aim of the study. A particular space, semi-arid climate is selected for comparing the amount of attrition and accretion caused by natural factors, to be able to apply the studies to Anatolian geography. However applications from around the world are frequently discussed here, these are mainly the case studies bringing methodological scheme for the appropriate data collection.
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10

Atici, Nadire. "Defining Cooking Activity Areas Of Burgaz Domestic Units In The 4th Century B.c." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1253251/index.pdf.

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The main aim of this study is to define the cooking activity spaces in Burgaz at 4th Century B.C. by carrying out statistical analysis of artefacts come from floor levels. In this study the distribution of artefacts and the associations of these distributions with architectural remains are examined rather than architectural features. In order to defining cooking activity spaces, the spatial distribution of cooking wares and utilities were taken into consideration. The distributions of cooking wares were tried to associate with ashy areas that can be related to cooking activities. In this study, the spatial analysis of archaeological artefacts assemblages that found in four well preserved houses from NE Sector revealed during the excavations of Burgaz (1993-2003) was carried out and the space usage, especially cooking spaces, were identified in these houses.
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11

Terzi, Esra. "The 19th Century Olive Oil Industry In Ayvalik And Its Impact On The Settlement Pattern." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609171/index.pdf.

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Ayvalik which is located on the Aegean coast of the West Anatolia made its main breakthrough in the 19th century and owe this development to olive oil production which was the main economic input of the settlement since the establishment of Ayvalik. Ayvalik was within the hinterland of izmir which was gained importance as a regional trade centre in the 19th century. Thus, Ayvalik found the way to improve its trade relations in an international level and eventually increase its olive oil production volume due to the growing demands. The new form of olive oil production<br>factories, developed together with the traditional house and workshop productions in the last quarter of the 19th century in Ayvalik. These three forms of production made up the second significant usage within the Ayvalik after the residential areas. The two or more floored, large volumed buildings were especially located on the shore, near to the port and trade facilities, on a flat terrain and became the most dominant and attractive buildings of the settlement. Besides the impressive industrial buildings, olive oil production itself effected the settlement pattern of Ayvalik. The main transportation axes were formed accordingly to the relationship between raw material areas and production places. The olive oil production also has an effect on the physical development direction of the settlement. The areas influenced from the negative effects of the production i.e., smell and dust were not chosen for development. The development of industrial buildings also blocked the physical relationship between the residential areas and sea. The industrial buildings such as factories, workshops and warehouses along the coast line reflect the industrial character of Ayvalik in the settlement&rsquo<br>s silhouette.
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12

Bagci, L. Sema. "A Proposal For The Preservation And Integrated Presentation Of Archaeological And Natural Resources In The Case Of Metu Campus Area." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612854/index.pdf.

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The subject of presentation of archaeological resources is still a developing concept in Turkey. The concepts of educational value and concern, needs a more common recognition and more practice in this context. The same statement goes for the management of natural resources. However, proper public presentation of archaeological and natural resources and public education in those is crucial for the protection of these resources. Moreover, an integrated presentation, approaching the archaeological resources within their natural environment, is required for sustainability, a better preservation and interpretation of the resources. In this sense, this thesis proposes an application<br>a trail system for the integrated presentation of the archaeological and natural resources in the case of METU Campus Area in Ankara, Turkey. In this way, it aims to ensure the preservation of the resources by raising awareness through good interpretation and education.
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13

Er, Mehmet Bilgi. "Mineralogy And Production Technology Of Degirmentepe (malatya) Pottery." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613696/index.pdf.

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A series of pottery samples provided from the survey investigations and excavations from Degirmentepe Mound (Malatya), belonging to Chalcolithic (Ubaid), Early Bronze and Iron Ages, were investigated by petrographic and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses to determine their textures, mineralogical compositions and microstructures. The sample microstructures and chemical (semiquantitative) compositions were also studied by scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM - EDX). The chemical analyses of some samples were further investigated by inductively coupled plasma &ndash<br>optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Almost all samples were observed to consist of rock fragments, originating from metamorphic and igneous rocks, although larger grain sizes and higher grain to matrix ratios are recorded for Chalcolithic Age samples compared to those samples belonging to Iron Age. XRD investigations on representative samples of the three periods, revealed high abundances of quartz, feldspar, and pyroxene group minerals in all samples, while the presence of hematite and mica minerals were observed both in Chalcolithic and Iron Age samples, but underlying the use of micaceous raw materials mostly in Iron Age. In the XRD traces of the investigated sherds of Chalcolithic and Iron Ages, the absence of clay fractions both in the bulk and oriented samples, supports a minimum firing temperature of around 800- 850 &deg<br>C, while the presence of mullite phase both in XRD and SEM &ndash<br>EDX results showed the possible use of high firing temperatures, in the range of 950&ndash<br>1050&deg<br>C, starting from Chalcolithic Age. Chemical compositions of major oxides obtained ICP &ndash<br>OES analyses exhibit similar compositions both for Chalcolithic and Iron Age samples. Few exceptions observed may indicate possible use of different raw material and/or different manufacturing technique.
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14

Stamps, Dennis Lee. "A literary-rhetorical reading of the opening and closing of 1 Corinthians." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/960/.

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15

Albert, Petra. "Afrikabestände im Unitätsarchiv der Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine: III. Das Bildarchiv (Südafrika): Teil 1 + Teil 2." Universität Leipzig, 2000. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34437.

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16

Volk, Anette. "Afrikabestände im Unitätsarchiv der Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine: IV. Das Bildarchiv (Ostfrika): Teil 1 + Teil 2." Universität Leipzig, 2000. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34436.

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17

Solluntsch, Viola. "Afrikabestände im Archiv des Evangelisch-Lutherischen Missionswerkes Leipzig e.V.: IV. Das Bildarchiv: Teile 1-2." Universität Leipzig, 1999. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34442.

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18

Keskin, Hatice. "An Analysis Of The Concepts Of Good And Evil In Henry James." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/1048933/index.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis is to analyse the concepts of good and evil in Henry James&rsquo<br>s two novels, The Wings of the Dove and The Golden Bowl. The main argument, which is supported with evidence from the novels and several articles and books, is that the conceps of good and evil permeate the novels, that Henry James&rsquo<br>s use of symbolism and imagery reinforces the illustration of these concepts, that the contextual understanding of these terms cannot be separated from the environmental, financial and contextual factors that influence the characters&rsquo<br>responses to the world outside themselves and that human relations and the characters&rsquo<br>relatedness to the world outside themselves constitute the point where good and evil reside.
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19

Madran, Cumhur Yilmaz. "An Archetypal Analysis Of E. M. Forster&amp." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605507/index.pdf.

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The present analysis is intended to shed some light on Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s use of myth, recurrent mythical images and archetypal patterns in his works. This study analyses Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s archetypal images making particular references to his major works namely, short stories, Where Angels Fear to Tread, A Room with a View, The Longest Journey, Howards End and A Passage to India. The study is confined to the functions and significance of the mythical images and archetypal patterns represented in the aforementioned works. Forster tried to reflect the insecurity and rootlessness of modern life through mythical motifs<br>he showed a modern man who has become alienated from himself and nature. Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s most obvious use of mythology is found in the short stories, which are fantasies. It is a mythology which stems from earth and nature, the two elements which act as unifying forces throughout his fiction. It is interesting to note further that this preoccupation with earth and nature is carried into all the other novels before A Passage to India. Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s use of classical myth and his general attitude toward nature and earth are found in all his fiction. The method used is archetypal criticism<br>it deals with archetypes which are primordial images perceived across cultures, inherited from time immemorial, issuing from a &amp<br>#8216<br>collective unconscious&amp<br>#8217<br>. An archetype is a mythic symbol, which is deeply rooted in the unconscious, more broadly based on a foundation of universal nature than an ordinary literary symbol, and is more generally expressive of the elemental in man and nature. Chapter one identifies the dominant archetypal approaches and further selects the most appropriate framework for a study of myth and archetypes in Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s work. Chapter two deals with nature archetypes which find their best expression in Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s short stories. Chapter three and four focus on Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s character archetypes in his A Room with a View, and Where Angels Fear to Tread. Chapter five attempts to explore the tragic and heroic aspects of the character archetypes in The Longest Journey. Chapter six deals with Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s use of archetypal symbols in Howards End. Chapter seven focuses on Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s prophetic vision in A Passage to India, in which Forster exhibited a prophetic tone of voice and extended the scope of his archetypes. The purpose of this dissertation is to analyse E. M. Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s use of myth, recurrent mythical images and archetypal patterns in his efforts to communicate his vision of life. This study argues that Forster progresses from fantasy to prophecy. Depending on this progress, Forster&amp<br>#8217<br>s archetypes evolve. This investigation familiarises the reader with how mythical motifs and archetypes enable the author to communicate his vision of reality, which is essentially timeless. Keywords: Mythology, Archetype
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20

Kizilcik, Hale Hatice. "Jungian Archetypes In Samuel Beckett&#039." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606397/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyses the Jungian archetypes employed in Beckett&#039<br>s trilogy. It begins with an overview of Jungian archetypes and the relation of these archetypes to the fundamental themes dealt with in Beckett&#039<br>s work. The thesis then asserts that some archetypal features occur almost obsessively and are further clearly implicated in the main themes of the trilogy. The central archetypal patterns that frequently appear in the novel are the hero&#039<br>s quest, return to paradise and rebirth. This dissertation is therefore primarily organised around these archetypes, and Beckett&#039<br>s use of these archetypal motifs to reinforce his black philosophy will be illustrated and exemplified in the study.
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Loeber, Katharina [Verfasser], Heusinger Sabine Herausgeber] von, Norbert [Herausgeber] [Finzsch, Karl-Joachim [Herausgeber] Hölkeskamp, and Ralph [Herausgeber] Jessen. "Racism and Human Ecology : White Supremacy in Twentieth-Century South Africa / Katharina Loeber." Göttingen : Böhlau Verlag Köln, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2019070800583473762421.

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22

Efstathiou, Athanasios. "A commentary on Aischines' 'De falsa legatione' chapters 1-96." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289176.

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23

ALVES, Leonardo Antonio. "Análise de desempenho de plataformas de educação a distância com arquitetura cliente-servidor utilizando teoria de filas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/960.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:08:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeonardoAntonio alves.pdf: 913407 bytes, checksum: 5f344f91c6101d278dcd0a211a753de0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-19<br>In this work, we present an analytical model to predict the performance of the client-server system regarding an E-Learning platform. This approach is based on the queuing theory and can adequately describe the performance of an E-Learning platform and its parameters, such as the server response time. It is used a Poisson model to describe the traffic processes in the EaD system, comparing the output of the model to an E-Learning platform working at the MSD Education company. In this study, it was developed a precise tool for designing E-Learning platforms based on client-server model according to the increasing access demand.<br>Neste trabalho, propõe-se um modelo de análise para prever o desempenho de um sistema cliente-servidor referente a uma plataforma de Educação a Distância. Esta abordagem é baseada na teoria de filas e pode descrever adequadamente o desempenho de uma plataforma de Educação a Distância e seus parâmetros, como por exemplo, o tempo médio de resposta do servidor. Utiliza-se o modelo de Poisson para descrever o processo de requisições no sistema EaD, comparando os resultados fornecidos pelo modelo com os de uma plataforma de Educação a Distância mantida pela empresa MSD Educação. Neste estudo, desenvolveu-se uma ferramenta precisa para a concepção e dimensionamento de plataformas de Educação a Distância baseada no modelo cliente-servidor de acordo com a demanda crescente de acesso.
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Tecimer, Emine. "The Analysis Of The Theme Of Anger In John Osborne." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606208/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyses the theme of anger in John Osborne&rsquo<br>s plays, namely Look Back in Anger, Inadmissible Evidence and Watch it Come Down, in terms of frustration-aggression hypothesis and psychoanalytic theory. It investigates the reasons for the protagonists&rsquo<br>rage and the ways the characters reflect their anger onto other people.
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25

Tan, Tijen. "Existentialism And Samuel Beckett." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608995/index.pdf.

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This thesis carries out an analysis of the plays by Samuel Beckett, Endgame and Happy Days. It achieves this by exploring how the playwright&rsquo<br>s characterization, setting and use of language in these plays display his tendency to employ some existentialist concepts such as despair, anxiety and thrownness on the way to authenticity. This study argues that there are some similarities between Beckett&rsquo<br>s two plays and Existentialism, and some characters in both plays display the existentialist man who is looking for becoming an authentic man. In other words, although there are some differences, these plays show that Samuel Beckett&rsquo<br>s view of Existentialism is quite similar to the Sartrean view.
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26

Umay, Yurduseven Mensure. "Ideological Issues In George Orwell." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610197/index.pdf.

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This thesis analysis George Orwell&rsquo<br>s three novels<br>Burmese Days, Keep the Aspidistra Flying and Nineteen Eighty-Four in terms of the main political ideas expressed through these works. It begins with an overview of Orwell as a political writer and the political atmosphere of the era. The thesis then asserts that the novels are used as a form of propaganda by the writer. The central political ideas that appear in the novels are imperialism in Burmese Days, capitalism in Keep the Aspidistra Flying and totalitarianism in Nineteen Eighty-Four. This dissertation is therefore primarily organized around these topics, and Orwell&rsquo<br>s use of his novels as a way of conveying his political message will be illustrated and exemplified in the study.
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27

Tekin, Burcu. "The Portrayal Of Universal Harmony And Order In Edmund Spenser." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612468/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyses Edmund Spenser&rsquo<br>s Fowre Hymnes in light of the holistic Renaissance world view and poet&rsquo<br>s collection of various tradition of ideas. Spenser&rsquo<br>s treatment of love is explored as the cosmic principle of harmony. Universal order is examined with an emphasis on the position of man in the ontological hierarchy. Thus, this thesis investigates Spenser&rsquo<br>s own suggestions to imitate macrocosmic harmony and order in the microcosmic level.
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28

Buyu, Gul. "A Freudian Study Of The Grass Is Singing, Aylak Adam And The White Hotel." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608474/index.pdf.

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The thesis analyses the relations of psychology with literature by applying Freudian theories, and brings these relations into light in the novels of Doris Lessing, Yusuf Atilgan and D.M. Thomas. The first chapter clarifies the aim of the study and gives an overview of the relations between psychology and literature in the past and the present. It, then, provides brief background information about the theories of Freud and the relations of these theories with the themes, which are dealt with in the novels of the writers in question. The following chapters treat the novels according to the theories of Freud such as &ldquo<br>the Oedipus Complex, death and life instincts, unconscious, id, ego and superego&rdquo<br>, and therefore the thesis primarily focuses on the hidden feelings of the protagonists as well as their struggle in the twentieth century world. Through the analyses of the protagonists, the study asserts that Freud has been influential on the works of different authors in different cultures, which reinforces the idea of the universality of his psychoanalytical theories.
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29

Kucuk, Hale. "Edward Albee&#039." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610243/index.pdf.

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Edward Albee is influenced by the Absurd Drama of Samuel Beckett whose works involve existential concerns. Albee follows Beckett&rsquo<br>s traces in the dramatization of uncertainty, alienation and the question of freedom. Albee&rsquo<br>s characters do not have fixed identities, and they suffer from their identity problems. The notion of Other enhances this uncertainty. The ambiguity of existence, whether they really are or not, presents another problem for these characters. Their lives are based on illusions, and the line between the reality and fantasy is absent. Alienation of the human being from the self and the others is another existential theme that Albee deals with. Alienation is partly caused by lack of communication, and as a result, the isolated self is entrapped in his own condition. Freedom becomes a confusing question in his works as it makes the characters anxious while choosing one option among various others on his own, and as it renders the characters responsible for their free choices. So, the characters tend to be passive agents in life, which is in fact another choice. Albee extends Beckett&rsquo<br>s absurdist ideas and adopts the Absurd Drama to highlight his social concerns as he is also a social critic. The targets of his criticism are materialism, loss of values and broken human relationships. The playwright challenges the audience for a reform on these points.
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30

Filimonova, Alexandra. "Theatricality And The Chronotope In The Magus By J. Fowles And England, England By J. Barnes." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611248/index.pdf.

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The thesis reveals the main principles of the theatrical chronotope and examines the ways in which it is embodied in the novels of two postmodern authors &ndash<br>The Magus by John Fowles and England, England by Julian Barnes. These are analyzed as presenting two different variants of texts that employ the theatrical chronotope to exploit its different possible semantic implications. The thesis argues that in The Magus theatricality is employed to convey the author&rsquo<br>s philosophical and aesthetical thoughts. The main qualities of the theatrical universe, actualized in the novel, are its epistemological potential determining the protagonist&rsquo<br>s quest in the &ldquo<br>heuristic mill&rdquo<br>of the metatheatre, and the multileveled structure of theatrical reality, combining different degrees of conventionality, which serves to posit the question of the relationships of aesthetical and actual reality. In England, England, theatricality is used to investigate the nature of modern society presented as a kind of totalitazing spectacle. Accordingly, the theatrical chronotope is used to construct a simulative reality, manifesting that of the modern society in replacing the actual reality and experience of living with the illusory pseudo-experience of consuming the images of reality and living, in its role-imposing and transforming abilities manipulating both personal and national identity.
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31

Sezer, Sermin. "The Question Of Identity In Hanif Kureishi." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611886/index.pdf.

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Against the background of The Buddha of Suburbia and The Black Album, this study explores the ways Hanif Kureishi problematizes the notion of identity. The present study aims to lay bare how Kureishi moves the previously fixed categories into a slippery ground in his fiction and, in the process, how he challenges the fundamental givens of identity politics against the background of Homi Bhabha&rsquo<br>s key concepts: hybridity, mimicry, ambivalence, agency, liminality and the third space. It will also make references to the category of nation as narration in relation to Thatcherite politics and identity as a performative act/process. Bhabha&rsquo<br>s theories will also help highlight how Kureishi&rsquo<br>s characters create their liminal spaces and how they perform their identity within these spaces. Looking at both novels, it is concluded that the nature of identity is fluid since it is configured according to many variables such as religious practice, political activism, arts and sexual discourse which are not stable, either. Kureishi&rsquo<br>s novels fictionalize that identity can never be reified by the essentialist pre-givens of the traditional ideologies. In a multicultural world, rather than assimilation, it is important to grasp the unstable nature of identity in order to respect cultural differences. Thus, in a world where the dominant voices do not/cannot suppress the marginal ones, identity, national or individual, will keep on transforming itself.
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32

Kocamaner, Hikmet. "The Use Of Langauge With Ulterior Motives In Harold Pinter." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12606207/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyzes how Harold Pinter&rsquo<br>s characters use language with ulterior motives: making their existence felt and acknowledged, concealing the truth, avoiding conflict or confrontation, and exerting dominance. In the dissertation, stylistics, which is the analysis of texts by means of linguistic phenomena, has been used as the method of analysis. Characters&rsquo<br>use of language with ulterior motives has been illustrated with reference to a variety of Pinter&rsquo<br>s plays.
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33

Bal, Reyyan. "The Relationship Between The Individual And Nature In Samuel Taylor Coleridge&#039." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605486/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyses the individual-nature relationship in Samuel Taylor Coleridge&#039<br>s poems. It begins with an overview of Coleridge&#039<br>s inconsistent views on the subject, as reflected in his prose writings, and explains the personal reasons behind such inconsistencies. The thesis then asserts that despite the inconsonant views expressed in his prose writings, Coleridge&#039<br>s poems display a consistent view of the individual-nature relationship. According to this view, the relationship is constituted of three consecutive stages. In the first stage the individual passively perceives nature with his senses. When he ascends to the second stage, he forms spiritual unity with nature and becomes one with her. Finally, in the third stage, through the use of his imagination, he creates a new nature out of the one he has perceived. This view of the individual-nature relationship will be illustrated and exemplified through the analysis of the poems &quot<br>The Eolian Harp&quot<br>, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, and &quot<br>Dejection: An Ode&quot<br>.
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34

Celik, Sevinc. "An Analysis Of David Lodge." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610968/index.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis is to analyse David Lodge&rsquo<br>s campus novels Changing Places: A Tale of Two Campuses (1975) and Small World: An Academic Romance (1984) to see how nihilism is dealt with in the modern academic world by the main characters in the novels. The characters will be examined in the light of Friedrich Nietzsche&rsquo<br>s Thus Spoke Zarathustra: A Book for All and None (1883-85). As the prophet Zarathustra in Thus Spoke Zarathustra is the mouthpiece of Nietzsche himself, this thesis aims at studying Lodge&rsquo<br>s novels in the light of Nietzsche&rsquo<br>s ideas. In this respect, this thesis provides a closer look into Zarathustrian (Nietzschean) concepts of &ldquo<br>will to power&rdquo<br>, &ldquo<br>eternal recurrence&rdquo<br>and &ldquo<br>overman&rdquo<br>, and it reveals to what extent Lodge&rsquo<br>s main characters can achieve a full &ldquo<br>will to power&rdquo<br>, attain a joyful acceptance of &ldquo<br>eternal recurrence&rdquo<br>, and overcome themselves on the way to becoming &ldquo<br>overman&rdquo<br>. With the elaboration of these three concepts, this thesis aims to uncover the ways in which Lodge&rsquo<br>s main characters recover from the negative effects of futility and depression caused by nihilism in the modern world.
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35

Yedekci, Esra. "Endless Pursuit Realitythrough Metadramatic Devices In Tom Stoppard&#039." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612847/index.pdf.

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This thesis aims to investigate the question of reality in Tom Stoppard&rsquo<br>s plays Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead, The Real Inspector Hound, and Travesties. Each of these plays closely examines the nature of reality and certainty and shows Stoppard as the critique of grand narratives of Reality, Truth, and Art. By deconstructing these master narratives, Stoppard attempts to invalidate the convictions that reality is fixed and that art should faithfully reproduce the material world in which reality is perceived as permanent. His challenge creates a realization in the audience and makes them question the issues they previously took for granted. To divest the audience of certainty and to display the endless pursuit of reality both in life and in art, Stoppard, in his plays, makes use of some metadramatic devices. Stoppard&rsquo<br>s distinctive use of the metadramatic devices which reveal the unaccountable nature of reality and the limits of knowledge is the core of this study
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36

Mete, Baris. "Reconceptualisation Of Realism In British Postwar Fiction: The Cases Of Iris Murdoch, Muriel Spark And John Fowles." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613417/index.pdf.

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This study is about British postwar fiction and its canonical reception according to a special categorisation of the novelists who were publishing in Britain during the two decades after the end of the Second World War. The study emphasises that mainstream literary criticism of 1950s and &rsquo<br>60s Britain tended to catalogue the novelists of this period according to a well-established dichotomy between tradition and innovation in which the traditional realist novels, the neorealist works of C. P. Snow, Angus Wilson and Kingsley Amis, were privileged over any other fictional work having modernist innovative characteristics. Therefore, the first published novels of Iris Murdoch, Muriel Spark and John Fowles, novelists belonging to today&rsquo<br>s postmodern canon, were first critically recognised as social realist works in Britain. One of the objects of this study is to demonstrate the shortcomings of this classification. Moreover, the main argument of the study is that none of these three novelists should have been classified as a traditional realist novelist. All of these three British postwar novelists were reconceptualising traditional realism by self-reflexively including the problem of representation as part of their conventional subject matters in their formal realist novels.
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37

Ertin, Serkan. "Perpetuation Of The Gay Male Stereotype: A Study On Camping &amp." Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614433/index.pdf.

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This study intends to analyse the terms camp and closet in Alan Hollinghurst&rsquo<br>s fiction, since all four of his novels - The Swimming-Pool Library (1988), The Folding Star (1993), The Spell (1998), and The Line of Beauty (2004) - investigate the gay male experience throughout the late-twentieth century The point in analysing these terms in Hollinghurst&rsquo<br>s work is to find out whether the author writes from the margin or in the centre to recreate the origin. Gay subjectivities are of great concern to this study, yet it does not mean that it will be a product of identity politics. Identity politics does regard gender, race, or ethnicities, which are nothing but social constructions, as fixed or biologically determined traits. Thus, identity politics, while trying to recentre the decentred and marginalised identities, re-establishes the binary structure of the Western thought. This study analyses how Hollinghurst, by camping and closeting the gay male, re-produces homosexuality as a distinct identity with a subculture of its own.
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38

Kur, Hasret. "The Dislocation Of Power And Alienation Through The Use Of Dramatic Violence In Edward Albee." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614869/index.pdf.

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The main objective of this study is to analyze the dislocation of power and alienation through the use of dramatic violence in Edward Albee&rsquo<br>s The Zoo Story, Eugene Ionesco&rsquo<br>s The Lesson and Sarah Kane&rsquo<br>s Blasted. To illustrate the idea of dislocation in the plays mentioned, this dissertation primarily concentrates on the theoretical backgound of two distinctive themes<br>power and alienation. After this, the idea of violence and language are examined in relation to the development of power and alienation. The thesis then provides brief information about the absurdist tradition to which the plays The Zoo Story and The Lesson belong. After the analysis of the dislocation of power and alienation with the use of dramatic violence in these two plays, it presents brief information about &ldquo<br>in-yer-face&rdquo<br>theatre and the paralellism between this theatre and the absurd tradition. Finally, the idea of dislocation of power and alienation in Blasted, which belongs to a later period, is illustrated to show the actuality of the theme violence and its effects in Western drama.
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39

Lahmiri, Salim. "Detection of pathologies in retina digital images an empirical mode decomposition approach." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/961/1/LAHMIRI_Salim.pdf.

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La détection automatique exacte des pathologies dans les images numériques de la rétine offre une approche prometteuse dans les applications cliniques. Cette étude emploie la technique de la transformée discrète en ondelette et la décomposition en modes empiriques pour extraire six caractéristiques statistiques de la texture de la rétine à partir d’images numériques. Les caractéristiques statistiques sont la moyenne, l'écart-type, l'aspect lisse, le troisième moment, l'uniformité et l'entropie. Le but est de classifier les images normales versus anormales. Cinq différentes pathologies sont considérées. Ils sont le fourreau d'Artère (la maladie de Manteau), tache d'hémorragie, la dégénérescence rétinienne (circinates), la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge (drusens) et la rétinopathie diabétique (microanévrismes et exsudats). Quatre classificateurs sont employés; incluant des machines à supports de vecteur, l'analyse discriminant quadratique, le k plus proche voisin, et les réseaux neuronaux probabilistes. Pour chaque expérience, dix plis au hasard sont produits pour exécuter des épreuves de validation croisée. Pour évaluer la performance de chaque classificateur, la moyenne et l'écart-type du taux de reconnaissance correct, la sensibilité et la spécificité sont calculés pour chaque simulation. Les résultats expérimentaux font ressortir deux conclusions principales. D'abord, ils montrent la performance exceptionnelle des caractéristiques statistiques obtenues par la décomposition en modes empiriques (DME) quelque soit le classificateur. Deuxièmement, ils montrent la supériorité des machines à supports de vecteurs (MSV) par rapport à l'analyse discriminant quadratique, le k plus proche voisin, et les réseaux neuronaux probabilistes. Finalement, l’analyse en composante principale a été employée pour réduire le nombre de caractéristiques dans l'espoir d'améliorer l'exactitude des classificateurs. Nous constatons qu'il n'y a aucune amélioration générale et significative de la performance. En somme, le système DME-MSV fournit une approche prometteuse pour la détection de certaines pathologies dans la rétine à partir des images numériques médicales.
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40

Nantel, Alice. "Comparaison de trois méthodes d'évaluation du volume de débordement d'égout unitaire aux émissaires de débordement." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2012. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/962/1/NANTEL_Alice.pdf.

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Les débordements d’égout unitaire (DEU) ont lieu en temps de pluie lorsque le système d’évacuation des eaux a atteint sa capacité. Les eaux usées sont alors dirigées à travers des émissaires de débordement munis de clapets qui empêchent leur retour dans le réseau. Le suivi des DEU est important pour les municipalités car il permet de mettre en place des solutions de réduction du volume et de la fréquence des débordements. La présente étude porte sur l’efficacité de trois méthodes d’évaluation du volume de débordement : le débitmètre, le modèle hydraulique et l’utilisation de l’équation de Bernoulli avec des données de niveau et d’inclinomètre. Les volumes mesurés à l’aide de débitmètre sont utilisés comme témoin à fin de comparaison avec les deux autres méthodes. Un total de 12 évènements de débordement a été étudié lors d’une saison estivale. La précision pour chaque évènement, le bilan total ainsi que le coût de cycle de vie de chaque méthode ont été évalués. Pour les résultats du modèle hydraulique, la précision des volumes débordés a été établie à 7,2 % sur les volumes totaux pour un intervalle de confiance de 95 % à 83 %. L’utilisation d’un inclinomètre et des niveaux amont et aval du clapet, basée sur l’équation de Bernoulli donne une différence globale sur le total des volumes de 14 %, avec un intervalle de confiance de 95 % à 91 %. En somme, la méthode qui combine à la fois une performance satisfaisante et qui a le coût de cycle de vie le moins élevé est le modèle hydraulique. Les municipalités qui souhaitent faire le suivi des DEU ont intérêt à développer un modèle hydraulique et hydrologique simplifié de leur émissaire de débordement afin d’atteindre leur objectif de rejet. Ceci permettra de mieux protéger les milieux récepteurs.
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41

Do, Tan Dan. "The effect of bolt spacing on the tightness behavior of bolted flange joints." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2012. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/964/1/DO_Tan_Dan.pdf.

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Les assemblages à brides boulonnées munis de joints d’étanchéité sont les systèmes de raccordement les plus répandus entre les différents éléments des réservoirs sous pression. Ils sont largement utilisés dans l'industrie chimique, pétrochimique et nucléaire. Ce sont des structures simples et des assemblages démontables. Ce qui les rend plus attractifs pour connecter des équipements sous pression et la tuyauterie. En plus des risques de fuite, ils ont besoin de maintenance en cours de fonctionnement au cas où les boulons doivent être resserrés ou dévissés pour être remplacés. Bien que les arrêts de fonctionnement coûteux soient à éviter, l’entretien en fonctionnement expose l'opérateur à un risque potentiel, car le desserrement d’un boulon peut produire un déséquilibre de la contrainte de compression sur le joint d’étanchéité entraînant un contact local du joint d’étanchéité en dessous d’une certaine valeur critique, provoquant une fuite majeure et de ce fait pouvant mettre en péril la vie de l'opérateur. Cette proposition aborde la question de la variation de la déflexion du rebord de la bride afin d'enquêter sur le déséquilibre de la contrainte de compression dans le joint lorsque les boulons sont soumis à une modification de charge en fonctionnement. Cette étude peut être utilisée pour aider à limiter l'augmentation de la charge de serrage ou le nombre maximum de boulons qui doivent être remplacés en même temps et identifier les boulons qui ne peuvent pas être remplacés en service. L'objectif de cette étude est de développer une approche théorique pour identifier et analyser les effets de la charge précontrainte et de la pression sur les assemblages à brides boulonnées afin d’obtenir l'espacement optimal entre les boulons en fonction de la variation de la contrainte de compression sur le joint d’étanchéité. Notre recherche comprend trois parties. La première partie qui est une méthode analytique basée sur la théorie de la poutre circulaire reposant sur une fondation élastique linéaire, sera développée pour prédire la distribution circonférentielle de la contrainte de compression sur le joint d’étanchéité. Des modèles éléments finis de brides boulonnées symétriques seront créés pour valider cette analyse. Une comparaison des résultats d'études antérieures est nécessaire pour valider la solution analytique linéaire. Ensuite, la deuxième étape de cette recherche consiste en une approche qui a été construite à partir de la théorie de l'anneau sur le comportement d’une fondation non linéaire élastique, permettant d’obtenir des résultats plus précis. La solution non-linéaire doit être validée avec une analyse par la méthode des éléments finis. Dans la troisième partie, un modèle de régression linéaire pour des brides boulonnées sera proposé pour une procédure de calcul d’espacement de boulons. Ce travail aidera les services techniques sur la conception, la maintenance et l'exploitation des réservoirs sous pression et systèmes de tuyauterie.
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42

Dorval, Jonathan. "Évaluation des méthodes d'estimation du productible des parcs éoliens." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/966/1/DORVAL_Jonathan.pdf.

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L’estimation de la capacité de production est une étape cruciale dans le processus de conception d’une centrale éolienne. Une mauvaise estimation de la production peut engendrer des pertes économiques importantes. Une étude réalisée sur les centrales éoliennes subventionnées par le gouvernement canadien a démontré que l’estimation moyenne de ces centrales affichait une surestimation de la capacité de production. Dans ce contexte, une étude a été effectuée afin de mieux comprendre l’origine de ces erreurs et de développer une méthode afin de les réduire. Pour ce faire, les logiciels MS-Micro, WAsP, WindFarm et WindPro ont été étudiés et comparés. Selon les résultats obtenus, MS-Micro donne de meilleurs résultats lorsque le terrain est simple comparativement à WAsP. À l’inverse, WAsP accorde des erreurs plus faibles en terrain complexe. Au niveau des modèles de sillage, le modèle WindFarm affiche les résultats les plus concluants lorsqu’il s’agit de sillage unitaire tandis que le modèle WindPro donne les meilleurs résultats dans le cas de sillage multiple. Suite à ces analyses, des indicateurs de topographie et de sillage ont été développés afin d’identifier l’influence des diverses caractéristiques d’un site sur l’erreur de production. Entre autres, une classification de la rugosité a été créée, incluant un paramètre de rugosité de référence ainsi qu’un paramètre de complexité de rugosité. Les indicateurs ont également permis d’établir des corrélations et de développer des équations permettant d’évaluer l’erreur de production en fonction du site et du positionnement des éoliennes sur le site. Une réduction de 83.4% des erreurs de production sur l’effet de terrain est obtenue, tandis que les indicateurs de sillage ont engendré une amélioration de l’estimation de 79.3%. Enfin, diverses études de cas ont été effectuées sur le modèle WAsP afin d’évaluer les erreurs engendrées par certaines approximations. Les résultats démontrent, entre autres, que des erreurs importantes se produisent lorsque les données de vent n’ont pas tendance à suivre une distribution de Weibull. Ce phénomène ne semble pas être observé sur le modèle MS-Micro.
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43

Belazi, Nader. "Estimation de l'état de charge (SOC) et de l'état de santé (SOH) d'une batterie Lithium-Ion utilisée pour les voitures électriques." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2012. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/967/1/BELAZI_Nader.pdf.

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Faire de l’énergie propre est devenu un défi pour tout le monde. Parmi ces énergies propres, il y a l’utilisation des voitures électriques et hybrides. D’après plusieurs statistiques, les voitures traditionnelles polluent de plus en plus de l’atmosphère. Mais le plus grand souci est le stockage de l’énergie dans des grosses batteries utilisées pour les voitures électriques. Delà l’idée est venue pour étudier le comportement de ces batteries. Plusieurs techniques de stockage d’énergie sont utilisées pour bien exploiter, gérer et surveiller cette quantité électrique dans les batteries, et qui affecte la performance des voitures électriques. Il existe plusieurs types d'accumulateurs comme Lead-Acide, Lithium-Ion etc. Afin de bien comprendre le comportement des accumulateurs et des batteries dans les voitures électriques, nous ferrons appel à des modèles électriques capables de gérer et de surveiller le comportement des batteries ainsi de prédire et de simuler, en temps réel, son fonctionnement. Nous devrons donc prendre en considération les phénomènes électrochimique et dynamique de la batterie qui se manifestent pendant son fonctionnement. L'objectif de ce mémoire est d’étudier et de mettre en évidence un modèle qui peut suivre les changements et les phénomènes électrochimique de la batterie Lithium-Ion, de proposer un modèle électrique plus proche du modèle chimique et de prédire, surtout, l’état de charge et l’état de santé de la batterie Lithium-Ion. En premier lieu le modèle proposé est appliqué à une batterie Lead-Acide, afin de le comparer avec les travaux déjà réalisés. Par la suite, il sera appliqué aux batteries de type Lithium-Ion, utilisés dans les voitures électriques. A chaque étape de l’étude, nous tiendrons compte, dans le modèle proposé, d’autres paramètres dans le but de donner plus de précision sur l’état de charge SOC et l’état de santé et de vieillissement SOH de la batterie. La question qui se pose est celle-ci : Pourquoi estime-t-on surtout l’état de charge ? La capacité de la batterie d’une voiture électrique est inaccessible par mesure directe. C’est pourquoi l’utilisation d’une estimation basée sur le Filtre de Kalman est primordiale pour réussir à l’obtention de l’information sur l’état de charge de la batterie à n’importe quel moment.
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44

Broustail, Guillaume. "Potentiel de l'utilisation des mélanges hydrocarbures/alcools pour les moteurs à allumage commandé." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2012. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/968/1/BROUSTAIL_Guillaume.pdf.

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Depuis plusieurs années, la diminution des réserves de pétrole incite les différents pays à accroitre leur indépendance énergétique. De plus, diminuer l’impact environnemental de la voiture est devenu l’une des priorités de notre société. En ce sens, les normes Européennes anti-pollution sont devenues plus strictes, tandis que certains polluants sont pointés du doigt pour avoir un impact néfaste sur la santé et l’environnement. Pour répondre à cette double problématique, l’utilisation de biocarburants de type alcools dans les moteurs à allumage commandé est l’une des voies envisagées. Ce virage a déjà été entrepris à petite échelle par l’Union Européenne qui a tout d’abord autorisé l’ajout de 5%, puis de 10% d’éthanol dans l’essence. En plus de l’éthanol déjà commercialisé, le Biobutanol, biocarburant de 2nde génération, apparait comme un candidat à fort potentiel pour une utilisation dans les moteurs à allumage commandé. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est d’étudier le potentiel de l’utilisation de mélanges isooctane/butanol dans les moteurs à allumage commandé, en termes de performances et d’émissions polluantes. De plus, ces résultats sont comparés à ceux de mélanges isooctane/éthanol. Le dégagement de chaleur dans un moteur à allumage commandé est en partie piloté par la vitesse de combustion laminaire. Cette caractéristique a été étudiée de manière expérimentale et numérique pour différentes conditions initiales (pression et richesse) dans une enceinte à volume constant. Puis, une étude sur les premières étapes de la propagation de la combustion a été réalisée dans un moteur monocylindre à accès optique. Ces résultats en moteur ont été corrélés avec les informations laminaires. Enfin, les émissions de polluants réglementés et non-réglementés, ainsi que les performances ont été étudiées dans un moteur monocylindre à allumage commandé. Une baisse de la plupart de ces émissions a été observée avec l’ajout des deux alcools.
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45

Beaulieu, Steve. "Analyse du déterminisme et de la fiabilité du protocole PCI express dans un contexte de certification avionique." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2012. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/965/1/BEAULIEU_Steve.pdf.

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L’avionique classique n’a plus à démontrer ses capacités en termes de fiabilité. Cependant, des contraintes économiques ont poussé les avionneurs à moderniser les systèmes existants. Ainsi, les systèmes avioniques modulaires intégrés (IMA) ont vu le jour dans le but de réduire la masse, le volume et la consommation électrique du matériel embarqué. Pour combler les besoins en communication des systèmes IMA, les bus de données traditionnels sont devenus limitatifs. Bien que les protocoles actuels comme l’AFDX (Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet) soient très performants, d’autres alternatives sont envisageables. Par conséquent, ce mémoire propose une étude du protocole PCI Express en vue de son utilisation dans les systèmes avioniques. La caractérisation des bus de communication a permis d’identifier les éléments pertinents en lien avec les exigences imposées par les autorités de certification avionique. Ainsi, les contraintes relatives au déterminisme et à la fiabilité représentent les éléments principaux de cette recherche. Un travail assidu a permis d’extraire des spécifications tous les mécanismes lui conférant sa fiabilité et son déterminisme. Ce travail avait comme deuxième objectif le développement d’une plateforme d’expérimentation dans le but de valider les concepts théoriques. Des expérimentations ont ainsi permis de tester les éléments critiques en lien avec les objectifs de cette recherche. Finalement, mentionnons que les résultats de cette recherche permettent de démontrer que le protocole PCI Express possède les caractéristiques essentielles exigées par les autorités de certification avionique. En effet, en plus de ses nombreux mécanismes de fiabilité, ce protocole possède un mode de fonctionnement entièrement déterministe.
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46

Badinger, Harald, and Gabriele Tondl. "Trade, human capital and innovation. The engines of european regional growth in the 1990s." Forschungsinstitut für Europafragen, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2002. http://epub.wu.ac.at/964/1/document.pdf.

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This paper investigates the growth factors of EU regions in the 1990s. We test the hypothesis that regional growth is determined by endogenous growth factors, trade and technological catching-up in a growth accounting framework. Our estimations suggest that growth of EU regions is positively related to the accumulation of physical and human capital. Innovation activity as well as international technology transfer are important for growth. The latter is facilitated if a region is well endowed with human capital. Further, we observe that technological catching-up is promoted by intensive foreign trade, a result which underlines the importance of trade openness for EU regions. (authors' abstract)<br>Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
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47

Petsche, Alexander. "Die Kosten eines Beitritts Ungarns zur Europäischen Union." Forschungsinstitut für Europafragen, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1997. http://epub.wu.ac.at/962/1/document.pdf.

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Als Hauptargument gegen eine Osterweiterung der Europäischen Union werden oft die damit verbundenen Kosten angeführt. Unter Kosten wird in diesem Zusammenhang die Mehrbelastung des EU-Budgets durch den Beitritt der ehemals kommunistischen Staaten verstanden. Diese Mehrkosten würden vor allem aufgrund der Transfers aus der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) und der Strukturfonds an die neuen mittel- und osteuropäischen Mitgliedstaaten entstehen. Bis dato wurden nur einige wenige Untersuchungen von namhaften Ökonomen durchgeführt. Diese Arbeit versucht, eine Lücke für den Beitrittskandidaten Ungarn zu schließen. In der Kostendiskussion gehen die Vorteile einer Osterweiterung bzw. die Kosten einer Nicht-Erweiterung meistens unter. Das mag damit zusammenhängen, daß die Vorteile einer Osterweiterung, die sowohl ökonomischer als auch politischer Natur sind, sich viel schwerer quantifizieren lassen, als die Haushaltsplanung der EG. Wie bei allen ökonomischen Entscheidungen, so auch hier, können aber auf Grundlage der Kosten allein, keine rationellen Entscheidung getroffen werden. Die Kosten müssen den Nutzen, auch wenn sie nicht so leicht zu quantifizieren sind, gegenübergestellt werden. Deshalb sollen die Vorteile einer Erweiterung zumindest nicht unerwähnt bleiben. Folgende Arbeit geht, als Teil eines Gesamtprojektes an der Wiener Wirtschaftsuniversität zum Beitritt Ungarns zur Europäischen Union unter der Leitung von Prof. Dr. Gerhard Fink, dem Kostenargument für den ungarischen EU- Beitritt auf die Spur. Der erste Teil stellt die Systematik des EG-Budgets dar. Der zweite Teil beleuchtet kritisch die einigen wenigen bis dato gemachten Berechnungen und zeigt neue Ansätze auf. Schlußendlich werden die potentiellen Nutzen einer Osterweiterung kurz erwähnt. (Autorenreferat)<br>Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
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48

Katzmair, Harald. "Der Modellbegriff in den Sozialwissenschaften. Zum Programm einer kritischen Sozio-Logik." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1999. http://epub.wu.ac.at/968/1/document.pdf.

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"Durch Analogien denken heißt, auf der Grundlage von Beziehungen oder von Ähnlichkeiten denken, insofern diese auf die Beziehungen verweisen. Denn beim analogischen Urteil richtet sich der geistige Blick lediglich auf die Ursache der Ähnlichkeiten: Die Ähnlichkeiten sind wertlos, wenn sie im Tatsachenbereich, in dem die Analogien Anwendung finden, nicht Beziehungen hervortreten lassen." (A. Cournot, 1912)<br>Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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49

Stückler, Maria. "Überprüfung von Gültigkeit und Annahmen der Friedman-These für Rohstoffmärkte." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2002. http://epub.wu.ac.at/966/1/document.pdf.

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The Thesis: Commodity prices are significantly more volatile than prices of industrial products. Production as well as non speculative demand of raw materials are subject to stochastic - sometimes even systematic - fluctuations, which get translated into pronounced price fluctuations by low short run price elasticities of demand and supply. Unstable prices as such provide an incentive to speculate; and - so the Friedman thesis - profitable speculation in itself has a stabilizing effect, since "speculation can be destabilizing in general only if speculators on average sell when the currency is low in price and buy when it is high". Temporal independence between speculative and non speculative activities is the only necessary condition Friedman considers. The counter argument: As can be shown however, even under the assumption of temporal independence speculation can have a destabilizing effect despite being profitable, if the non speculative excess demand is nonlinear. Moreover its precisely because of temporal interdependence on commodity markets, that speculative profits can even be achieved by destabilizing (stable) prices. The extreme volatility of commodity prices therefore may be partly caused by (profitable) speculation as well. (author's abstract)<br>Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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50

Silva, Ana Paula Bertani da. "EMPREGO DE TECNOLOGIAS CAD/SIG NA ESPACIALIZAÇÃO DE INFORMAÇÕES DO BIC DE CADASTRO URBANO MUNICIPAL." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2004. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/9604.

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In the last years it was noticed that the municipal districts have been suffering considerable decline in its budgetary revenues, hindering mainly the actions and decisions of the municipal administrations in what plays to the planning, development and administration of the municipal district. Now due to the urban expansion and to its constant modifications, it makes more and more necessary for the public administration an efficient cadastral system that allows the maintenance and modernization of data. The present work proposes to draw in map and geographical reference of the information contained in the Municipal Bulletin of Cadastral Informations, through the employment of technologies CAD/GIS, being known that a base of data drawn in map, in this context, represents a basic tool, because as graphic representation of the space reality, supplies indispensable technical subsidies to the planning in whole its instances, allowing the location of a significant number of information. The possibility to dispose of a database in a digital form with geographical reference came from encounter with the need of supplying the lacks of the public section in the process of integration of information disposed in a base only and technically appropriate which allowed the accomplishment of several analyses in the urban profile. It is ended that is of fundamental relevance for the public power to dispose of a administration and drawn in map of the information of BCI of the municipal cadaster, being primordial tool for the taking of decisions a complete map and drawn in map subsidized by a modernized digital base of data<br>Nos últimos anos percebeu-se que os municípios têm sofrido considerável declínio em suas receitas orçamentárias, dificultando principalmente as ações e decisões das administrações municipais no que tange ao planejamento, desenvolvimento e gerenciamento do município. Atualmente devido à expansão urbana e às suas constantes modificações, faz-se cada vez mais necessário para a administração pública um sistema cadastral eficiente que permita a manutenção e atualização de dados. O presente trabalho propõe a espacialização e georreferenciamento das informações contidas no Boletim de Informações Cadastrais Municipal, através do emprego de tecnologias CAD/SIG, sabendo-se que uma base de dados espacializados, neste contexto, representa uma ferramenta básica, pois, como representação gráfica da realidade espacial, fornece subsídios técnicos imprescindíveis ao planejamento em todas as suas instâncias, permitindo a localização de um número significativo de informações. A possibilidade de dispor de um banco de dados em meio digital georreferenciado veio de encontro com a necessidade de suprir as carências do setor público no processo de integração de informações dispostas numa base única e adequada tecnicamente, o qual permitiu a realização de diversas análises no perfil urbano. Conclui-se que é de fundamental relevância para o poder público dispor de um gerenciamento e espacialização das informações do BIC do cadastro municipal, sendo ferramenta primordial para a tomada de decisões um levantamento completo e georreferenciado subsidiado por uma base de dados digital atualizada
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