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Thewissen, J. G. M. "Temporal data in phylogenetic systematics: an example from the mammalian fossil record." Journal of Paleontology 66, no. 1 (1992): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000033424.
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A method of phylogenetic inference is proposed for taxa that are known from large samples spaced closely in time. The method employs elements of cladistic and stratophenetic methods, and consists of four steps. 1) Morphologically homogeneous clusters are recognized within temporally and geographically constrained samples. 2) Temporally disjunct and geographically dispersed taxa are recognized, and their anagenetic evolution and geographic variation documented. 3) A character matrix is constructed for the taxa and analyzed cladistically. 4) Resulting cladograms are used to construct a phylogenetic tree with additional input from temporal, morphological, ecological, and geographical data. This method supplements the use of cladistically analyzed morphological data with data that are not suited for cladistic analysis, and thus reduces the amount of unused data.
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Meng, Qing-Feng, Vinodhini Thiyagaraja, Damien Ertz, Fiona Ruth Worthy, Natsaran Saichana, and Shao-Bin Fu. "Sclerococcum glaucomarioides: a new geographical record from China." Phytotaxa 642, no. 1 (2024): 95–103. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.642.1.8.
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Meng, Qing-Feng, Thiyagaraja, Vinodhini, Ertz, Damien, Worthy, Fiona Ruth, Saichana, Natsaran, Fu, Shao-Bin (2024): Sclerococcum glaucomarioides: a new geographical record from China. Phytotaxa 642 (1): 95-103, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.642.1.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.642.1.8
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Pivovarov, Evgeny. "Records Concerned With The Russian Geographical Society In The Archive Of The Third Section Of His Imperial Majesty’s Own Chancellery." Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki 44, no. 2 (2023): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020596060026199-0.
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The making of the Russian Geographical Society (RGO) occurred during the “grim seven years” of Nicholas I’s reign. The reaction to the “Springtime of the Peoples” affected all spheres of public life in the empire. Censorship was tightened and administrative and police oversight of education and science strengthened. This is the first publication of the complete texts of 9 previously unknown records (1848–1851) from the file “On the Russian Geographical Society”, stored in the holding (“fond”) No. 109 of the Third Section of His Imperial Majesty’s own Chancellery in the State Archive of the Russian Federation. The correspondence between the Head of the Section, A. F. Orlov, and his deputy, L. V. Dubelt, bespeaks their close attention to the RGO’s life: struggle between the factions in the RGO, elections of its governing bodies, and political sentiments among the RGO membership. These documents enable tracing the history of interaction between the RGO, state authorities, and other scientific organizations. Record 1 is Dubelt’s note “On the Geographical Society” of May 1, 1848, addressed to Orlov; record 2 is a memorandum “On the election of vice president of the Russian Geographical Society” of March 15, 1850, by an unknown author; and record 3 is a copy of a perlustrated letter from Count S. G. Stroganov to his brother, A. G. Stroganov, in which he discussed the results of the RGO vice-chairman election. Records 4 and 5 comprise the correspondence between Dubelt and Orlov that indicates that Stroganov’s letter became known to the Emperor. Outraged by Stroganov’s accusations, Dubelt prepared an explanatory note (record 6) for the Emperor. Dubelt’s harsher report to Nicholas I (records 7 and 9: draft report and its final version, respectively) was dated March of 1851. A short draft note with a list of persons involved in medal minting in St. Petersburg (record 8) was attached to the case. The publication is supplemented with an annotated list of names mentioned in these records.
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de, Almeida Paulo Silva, Rosilene Francisca Moreira, Silva José Oliveira da, et al. "Aedes (Ochlerotatus) lepidus (Cerqueira & Paraense, 1945): new record from Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil." Check List 17, no. (3) (2021): 821–25. https://doi.org/10.15560/17.3.821.
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<em>Aedes </em>(<em>Ochlerotatus</em>) <em>lepidus </em>(Cerqueira & Paraense, 1945) is reported from a cave in Templo dos Pilares Municipal Park, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. A single exploratory collection of culicids was carried out using CDC light traps on 16 November 2015. Four larvae and 11 adults (1♂, 10♀) were collected. The larvae were foundin a water-filled hole in a stone. This is the first record of the species in Mato Grosso do Sul, which increases to 63 the number of culicids species recorded in the state.
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Carpouron, JE. "Diatrypella macrospora, a new host and geographical record from ForlìCesena, Italy." Studies in Fungi 6, no. 1 (2021): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5943/sif/6/1/18.
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Anderson, Amalia, and Alexander Kostinski. "Evolution and Distribution of Record-Breaking High and Low Monthly Mean Temperatures." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 50, no. 9 (2011): 1859–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-10-05025.1.
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AbstractThe ratio of record highs to record lows is examined with respect to extent of time series for monthly mean temperatures within the continental United States for 1900–2006. In counting the number of records that occur in a single year, the authors find a ratio greater than unity in 2006, increasing nearly monotonically as the time series increases in length via a variable first year over 1900–76. For example, in 2006, the ratio of record highs to record lows ≈ 13:1 with 1950 as the first year and ≈ 25:1 with 1900 as the first year; both ratios are an order of magnitude greater than 3σ for stationary simulations. This indicates a warming trend. It is also found that records are more sensitive to trends in time series of monthly averages than in time series of corresponding daily values. When the last year (1920–2006, starting in 1900) is varied, it is found that the ratio of record highs to record lows is strongly correlated with the ensemble mean temperature. Correlation coefficients are 0.76 and 0.82 for 1900–2006 and 1950–2006, respectively; 3σ = 0.3 for pairs of uncorrelated stationary time series. Similar values are found for globally distributed time series: 0.87 and 0.92 for 1900–2006 and 1950–2006, respectively. The ratios evolve differently, however: global ratios increase throughout (1920–2006) whereas continental U.S. ratios decrease from about 1940 to 1970. Last, the geographical and seasonal distributions of trends are considered by summing records over time rather than ensemble. In the continental United States, the greatest excess of record highs occurs in February (≈2:1) and the greatest excess of record lows occurs in October (≈2:3). In addition, ratios are pronounced in certain regions: in February in the Midwest the ratio ≈ 5:2, and in October in the Southeast the ratio ≈ 1:2.
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Hyde, KD, SN Wijesinghe, TB Amuhenage, et al. "Current Research in Applied and Environmental Mycology Fungal Profiles 1-30." Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology 14, no. 1 (2024): 167–266. https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/14/1/11.
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This manuscript represents the first contribution to the CREAM notes series, including detailed descriptions and illustrations of 30 taxa distributed across two phyla (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota), including three classes (Agaricomycetes, Dothideomycetes, and Sordariomycetes), 11 orders, and 23 families. Taxa in this study were collected randomly from Asian regions, including China (East Asia), India (South Asia), and Thailand (Southeast Asia), which are known for their notably rich fungal diversity. Here in a novel species, Poaceascoma chiangraiense is introduced, along with 18 new host records (Acrocalymma hongheense, Aplosporella hesperidica, Diatrypella delonicis, Dictyoarthrinium sacchari, Dictyocheirospora heptaspora, Fissuroma caryotae, Halobyssothecium unicellulare, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Melomastia fusispora, Neoangustimassarina sichuanensis, Nigrograna kunmingensis, Periconia byssoides, Pestalotiopsis kandelicola, Phaeoisaria sedimenticola, Plenodomus collinsoniae, Rhytidhysteron rufulum, Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology) 14(1): 167–266 (2024) ISSN 2229-2225 www.creamjournal.org Article Doi 10.5943/cream/14/1/11 168 Spegazzinia neosundara, and Torula fici), four new geographical records (Cancellidium griseonigrum, Diaporthe angustiapiculata, Hongkongmyces kokensis, and Lactarius purpureocastaneus), four new host and geographical records (Ectophoma pomi, Lasiodiplodia crassispora, Memnoniella echinata, and Pestalotiopsis smilacicola), two new regional records (Lactarius flavigalactus and L. lachungensis), and one new provincial record (Allocryptovalsa rabenhorstii). The "CREAM Notes" series aims to continuously document and describe global fungal species by providing molecular data for both newly discovered and existing fungal species. This initiative will help to provide a comprehensive understanding of fungal taxonomy, host relationships, and distribution patterns worldwide.
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Kizub, I. V., and A. I. Slutsky. "Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Otiorhynchus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) of Ukraine. Part 1." Ukrainska Entomofaunistyka 9, no. 1 (2018): 9–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8310310.
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Summary. New records of the genus Otiorhynchus Germar, 1822 species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Etiminae) in Ukraine is represented: O. albidus Stierlin, 1861; O. asphaltinus Germar, 1824; O. atronitens Formánek, 1925; O. aurosparsus Germar, 1824; O. balcanicus Stierlin, 1861; O. brauneri Smirnov, 1912; O. brunneus Gyillenhal, 1834; O. fullo (Schrank, 1781); O. ligustici (Linnaeus, 1758); O. ovalipennis Boheman, 1842; O. ovatus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758); O. pilosus pilosus Gyllenhal, 1834; O. pseudomias Hochhuth, 1847; O. raucus (Fabricius, 1777); O. tristis (Scopoli, 1763); O. velutinus Germar, 1824; O. vitis theodosianus Retowski, 1887. Updated information regarding geographical distribution of these species in Ukraine and the Palaearctic Region is given. In the present paper we report new evidences of introducing O. asphaltinus into Kyiv Region. Also, we report northernmost record of O. aurosparsus in Ukraine and the first record of this species in Chernihiv Region of Ukraine. We recommend including this species in The Red Lists of Ukraine and The Red Lists of Chernihiv Region of Ukraine as a rare species on the border of its range.
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Bartolomé, Miguel, Ana Moreno, Carlos Sancho, et al. "Hydrological change in Southern Europe responding to increasing North Atlantic overturning during Greenland Stadial 1." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 21 (2015): 6568–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503990112.
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Greenland Stadial 1 (GS-1) was the last of a long series of severe cooling episodes in the Northern Hemisphere during the last glacial period. Numerous North Atlantic and European records reveal the intense environmental impact of that stadial, whose origin is attributed to an intense weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in response to freshening of the North Atlantic. Recent high-resolution studies of European lakes revealed a mid–GS-1 transition in the climatic regimes. The geographical extension of such atmospheric changes and their potential coupling with ocean dynamics still remains unclear. Here we use a subdecadally resolved stalagmite record from the Northern Iberian Peninsula to further investigate the timing and forcing of this transition. A solid interpretation of the environmental changes detected in this new, accurately dated, stalagmite record is based on a parallel cave monitoring exercise. This record reveals a gradual transition from dry to wet conditions starting at 12,500 y before 2000 A.D. in parallel to a progressive warming of the subtropical Atlantic Ocean. The observed atmospheric changes are proposed to be led by a progressive resumption of the North Atlantic convection and highlight the complex regional signature of GS-1, very distinctive from previous stadial events.
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Mocho, Pedro, Rafael Royo-Torres, Fernando Escaso, et al. "Upper Jurassic sauropod record in the Lusitanian Basin (Portugal): Geographical and lithostratigraphical distribution." Palaeontologia Electronica 9, no. 32 (2016): 1–50. https://doi.org/10.26879/662.
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Mocho, Pedro, Royo-Torres, Rafael, Escaso, Fernando, Malafaia, Elisabete, Chaves, Carlos de Miguel, Narváez, Iván, Pérez-García, Adán, Pimentel, Nuno, Silva, Bruno C., Ortega, Francisco (2017): Upper Jurassic sauropod record in the Lusitanian Basin (Portugal): Geographical and lithostratigraphical distribution. Palaeontologia Electronica 9 (32): 1-50, DOI: 10.26879/662, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26879/662
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Clifford, Nigel. "Presidential Address 1 and record of the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG ) AGM 2022." Geographical Journal 188, no. 3 (2022): 476–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geoj.12463.
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Das, Sujit C., Pradip K. Dev, and M. Atiqur Rahman. "Notes on The Rubiaceae. 4: Five New Records for Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 41, no. 1 (2012): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11078.
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The occurrence of five species namely, Mussaenda keenani Hook. f., Mycetia listeri Deb, Ophiorrhiza fasciculata D. Don, Psychotria stipulacea Mail. and Psydrax umbellata (Wight) Bridson, of the family Rubiaceae in the flora of Bangladesh is reported for the first time. The Psydrax Gaertn. is also a new generic record for Bangladesh. These species are described along with their ecology, geographical distribution and places of occurrence in Bangladesh. Illustrations and photographs of these new records are also provided. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i1.11078 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 21-28, 2012 (June)
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Vrba, E. S., and D. DeGusta. "Do species populations really start small? New perspectives from the Late Neogene fossil record of African mammals." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 359, no. 1442 (2004): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1397.
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This analysis of all known African larger mammals of the past 10 Myr offers new perspectives on the geographical circumstances of speciation. Our central question is: does the fossil evidence support the idea that most new species start as small populations and, if true, how long is the average growth interval until species are established at their mean later size? This simple question is important to unravelling the competing claims of rival models of speciation. We approached it by direct use of fossil data, which, to our knowledge, has not been done previously. We compared the numbers of fossil site records, as a proxy for magnitude of geographical spread, between survivorship intervals across all species. The results show that the average mammal species has indeed started its life in a relatively small population, and thereafter increased rapidly in geographical spread to reach its long–term equilibrium abundance by about 1 million years after origin. Some theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
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Green, Christopher A., David Yeates, Allie Goldacre, et al. "Admission to hospital for bronchiolitis in England: trends over five decades, geographical variation and association with perinatal characteristics and subsequent asthma." Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 2 (2015): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-308723.
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BackgroundAdmission of infants to hospital with bronchiolitis consumes considerable healthcare resources each winter. We report an analysis of hospital admissions in England over five decades.MethodsData were analysed from the Hospital In-Patient Enquiry (HIPE, 1968–1985), Hospital Episode Statistics (HES, 1989–2011), Oxford Record Linkage Study (ORLS, 1963–2011) and Paediatric Intensive Care Audit Network (PICANet, 2003–2012). Cases were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes in discharge records. Bronchiolitis was given a separate code in ICD9 (used in England from 1979). Geographical variation was analysed using Local Authority area boundaries. Maternal and perinatal risk factors associated with bronchiolitis and subsequent admissions for asthma were analysed using record-linkage.ResultsAll-England HIPE and HES data recorded 468 138 episodes of admission for bronchiolitis in infants aged <1 year between 1979 and 2011. In 2011 the estimated annual hospital admission rate was 46.1 (95% CI 45.6 to 46.6) per 1000 infants aged <1 year. Between 2004 and 2011 the rates rose by an average of 1.8% per year in the all-England HES data, whereas admission rates to paediatric intensive care changed little (1.3 to 1.6 per 1000 infants aged <1 year). A fivefold geographical variation in hospital admission rates was observed. Young maternal age, low social class, low birth weight and maternal smoking were among factors associated with an increased risk of hospital admission with bronchiolitis.ConclusionsHospital admissions for infants with bronchiolitis have increased substantially in recent years. However, cases requiring intensive care have changed little since 2004.
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Ahmed, Md Sagir, Sujan Kumar Datta, Tonmoy Saha, Ayesha Akhter Zhilik, Nishat Zahan Chowdhury, and Sumaiya Ahmed. "New Geographical Record of Three-Spine Frogfish, Batrachomoeus Trispinosus (Günther 1861) From the River Rupsa, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 48, no. 1 (2020): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v48i1.47888.
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Souza-Filho, Flavio de Almeida Alves-Júnior Peter K.L. Ng Peter Castro Fernando L. Mantelatto Jesser F. "Extension of geographical range and first record of Trizocarcinus Rathbun, 1914 (Brachyura: Euryplacidae) from the Western Tropical South Atlantic." Nauplius 28 (July 3, 2020): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2020022.
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Souza-Filho, Flavio de Almeida Alves-Júnior Peter K.L. Ng Peter Castro Fernando L. Mantelatto Jesser F. (2020): Extension of geographical range and first record of Trizocarcinus Rathbun, 1914 (Brachyura: Euryplacidae) from the Western Tropical South Atlantic. Nauplius (e2020022) 28: 1-6, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936e2020022, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2020022
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Sevicha, Dinda Putri, and Ari Cahyono. "Geographical Names Study of Nagari, a Local Customary-Based Community Unit in Agam Regency, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 468 (2023): 05002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346805002.
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Nagari names in Agam Regency are lacking historical record despite being a fundamental spatial information. Preliminary research has revealed inconsistencies in nagari name records, even in official government documents. This paper conducts an analysis of nagari names within Agam Regency, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Geographical names depict both the natural landscape and human activities, including their interaction with the environment [1], and Agam Regency spans from sea level to 2891 meters, featuring diverse landscapes, while the formation of nagari is deeply rooted in local customary law. This raises a question: what are nagari names in Agam Regency, and what do they signify?. Therefore, the objectives are: 1) establishing a digital nagari name database for Agam Regency, and 2) analysing geographical names based on linguistic and historical meanings. Primary methods used are interviews and literature studies. Approximately 52.44% of names are related to man-made features, human activities, and interactions, while others derive from natural features or a combination of both. Nagari names were found to be clustered around Bukittinggi and Lubuk Basung, historically significant regions. This study contributes to the preservation of nagari names in Agam Regency, and the digital database holds potential for further spatial analyses.
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Hossain, Mostafa Ali Reza, M. Niamul Naser, M. Golam Quader Khan, et al. "First record of the Blue Striped Hermit Crab, Clibanarius longitarsus (decapoda, crustacea) from Sunderbans mangrove forest, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 43, no. 1 (2015): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v43i1.26145.
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Blue Stripped hermit crab, Clibanarius longitarsus (De Haan, 1849) was collected from Kalagachhia, Satkhira Forest Range of Sundarban Mangrove Forest on 18 April 2015 during an exploration of the IUCN Crustacean Exploration Team. This crustacen decapod was recorded for the first time from Bangladesh geographical area.Bangladesh J. Zool. 43(1): 131-135, 2015
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Choi, Il-Rye. "A Study of the Background on Changes in Gun and Hyon That Belong to the Data Recorded in Muju of The 『Samguksagi』 Geography Section 3 and Mujinju of The 『Samguksagi』 Geography Section 4." Korea Association of World History and Culture 69 (December 31, 2023): 33–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32961/jwhc.2023.12.69.33.
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Mujinju recorded in Baekje Section of the 『Samguksagi』 Geography 4 was organized into 14 Guns and 44 Hyons while it was recorded to include 15 Guns and 43 Hyons in Shilla Section of the Geography 3. As it was discovered that there were a few changes between the two different data in quantity, standing and position, the data and background were examined. Firstly, it was recorded that Wolhnagun in the Baekje Section had 1 Gun and 6 Hyons while it had 3 Guns [Yeongamgun, Gapseonggun and Bannamgun] and 6 Hyons. Gapseonggun in Jangsug included Jinwonhyon and Samgyehyon nearby. Bannamgun had Yarohyon and Gonmihyon nearby as the jurisdictional Hyon. Bannamgun had good geographical conditions for trade with China at the west sea coast through the Yeongsan River channel. Gapseonggun and Bannamgun were raised to the Gun position to efficiently govern neighboring Hyons in consideration of their geographical positions. Secondly, Mujinju of Baekje Section ad 4 Guns in Boseong and Sunchon in the southeastern area while it had 3 Guns in the record of the Shillla Section. However, after the unification, dense deployment of the military defense power was not needed anymore. Thirdly, Jindo Island had 1 Gun[Injindogun] and 2 Hyons[Dosanhyon and Maegurihyon]. However, in the record of Muju in the Shilla Section, it had 1 Gun[Dasanhyon￫Noisanhyon] and 1 Hyon[Maegurihyon￫Chomtamhyon] and 1 Hyon[Injindogun￫Jindohyon] under Muangun, which was unusual. Noisangun which was a strategic route located in front of Jangsando was more profitable in trade with China than the route in Jindohyon. Therefore, it was assumed that the position of Noisangun was raised to Gun and Jindohyon was reorganized as a Sokhyon. In that point, it was suggested that the record of Jindohyon as a Sokhyon of Muangun was incorrect.
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Sripeng, T., N. Rongdach, P. Na-Ranong, et al. "Adiantum membranifolium (Pteridaceae), a new record of maidenhair fern from Laos." Gardens Bulletin Singapore 76, no. 2 (2024): 277–83. https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs76(2).2024-10.
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Adiantum membranifolium S.Linds. & Suksathan is a species of maidenhair fern previously known only from a few shady limestone cliffs in Western, Northern, and North- Eastern Thailand. Recently, an exploratory survey in Khammouane Province, Laos led to the discovery of this species thriving on a limestone cliff with flowing water during the rainy season, a finding that extends its known geographical distribution. This species is characterised by having single or 1-pinnate fronds, pinnae that are deeply cleft up to or more than half of the length of pinnae, and terminal pinnae with basal angle usually ranging from 45–180° and larger than lateral pinnae. A key to Adiantum L. in Laos and a description with photographs and illustrations are also provided. Epidermal features of A. membranifolium are described here for the first time.
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Yang, CL, XY Li, SS Xiang, et al. "Microfungi associated with plant diseases on horticultural vegetation in southwestern China." mycosphere 16, no. 1 (2025): 1861–2001. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/16/1/11.
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Horticultural plants are essential natural resources upon which human survival relies, offering diverse means of sustenance, including food, medicine, chemical raw materials, construction materials, landscaping, cultural significance, and tourism. In recent years, the widespread and increasingly harmful fungal diseases in horticultural plants have prompted this study to investigate the diversity and composition of their pathogenic fungi. Over the past six years (2019 to 2024), diseased tissues from horticultural plants in southwestern China were collected and assessed using measurements based on both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses involving combined multi-locus sequence data. A total of 38 fungi were classified into two phyla, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and four classes: Sordariomycetes (Amphisphaeriales, Diaporthales, Glomerellales, Hypocreales, and Phyllachorales), Dothideomycetes (Botryosphaeriales, Capnodiales, Cladosporiales, Mycosphaerellales, Myriangiales, and Pleosporales), Exobasidiomycetes (Exobasidiales), and Leotiomycetes (Helotiales), totaling 13 orders. In this paper, we propose one new genus in Pleosporales (Paramassarina) and 13 new species, namely Colletotrichum cymbidiumdis, Conidiocarpus cinnamomeus, Cladosporium viciae, Cytospora sichuanense, Diaporthe erythrinae, Exosporium rhapidis, Fumagospora cinnamomi, Neocosmospora phalaenopsidis, Neoscytalidium hylocereum-undulatum, Paramassarina euonymicola, Paraphoma populi, Phaeosphaeria phormii, and Pseudocercospora populina. Additionally, we report 19 species as new host or geographical records, 17 of which represent new host records, including Botryosphaeria dothidea, Cladosporium guizhouense, Colletotrichum cymbidiicola, Col. guangyuanense, Col. plurivorum, Cytospora predappioensis, Diaporthe eres, Di. middletonii, Di. sojae, Drepanopeziza brunnea, Elsinoe araliae, Graphiola phoenicis, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, Neopestalotiopsis concentrica, Neop. dimorphospora, Neovaginatispora fuckelii, and Paraconiothyrium brasiliense, and two species are new host and geographical record, namely Pestalotiopsis oryzae and Phyllosticta citribrasiliensis. Morphological illustrations, phenotypic descriptions, and phylograms are provided to elucidate the placement of the new collections in this study. These fungi, originating from infected tissues, are linked to diseases either through observed symptoms or previous studies suggesting their potential pathogenicity. Further research is needed to confirm the pathogenicity of these species using Koch's postulates.
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Anderson, Amalia, and Alexander Kostinski. "Reversible Record Breaking and Variability: Temperature Distributions across the Globe." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 8 (2010): 1681–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jamc2407.1.
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Abstract Based on counts of record highs and lows, and employing reversibility in time, an approach to examining natural variability is proposed. The focus is on intrinsic variability; that is, variance separated from the trend in the mean. A variability index α is suggested and studied for an ensemble of monthly temperature time series around the globe. Deviation of 〈α〉 (mean α) from zero, for an ensemble of time series, signifies a variance trend in a distribution-independent manner. For 15 635 monthly temperature time series from different geographical locations (Global Historical Climatology Network), each time series about a century-long, 〈α〉 = −1.0, indicating decreasing variability. This value is an order of magnitude greater than the 3σ value of stationary simulations. Using the conventional best-fit Gaussian temperature distribution, the trend is associated with a change of about −0.2°C (106 yr)−1 in the standard deviation of interannual monthly mean temperature distributions (about 10%).
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MATA-LÓPEZ, ROSARIO, LUIS GARCÍA-PRIETO, and VIRGINIA LEÓN-RÈGAGNON. "Helminths of the American bullfrog, Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802), from Pawnee Lake, Lancaster, Nebraska, USA with a checklist of its helminth parasites." Zootaxa 2544, no. 1 (2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2544.1.1.
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The American bullfrog, Lithobates catesbeianus, is one of the most intensively studied host species. However, most of the records related to the parasites of this anuran are scattered through the literature. The purpose of our study is twofold: 1) to list the helmiths of this host from Pawnee Lake, Lancaster Co., Nebraska, USA, and 2) To compile all published records and those contained by several scientific collections to construct a checklist of helminth parasites associated with the American bullfrog through its range in both native and introduced geographical areas. Twenty-seven specimens of L. catesbeianus were collected and examined for helminth parasites; 20 frogs were infected. Nine species of helminths were collected: 4 digeneans: Haematoloechus coloradensis, H. parviplexus, Gorgoderina attenuata, and Glypthelmins quieta, and 5 nematodes: Rhabdias ranae, Spinitectus gracilis, Cosmocercoides variabilis, Spiroxys sp., and an unidentified ascarid nematode. Pawnee Lake represents a new locality record for S. gracilis. The digenean H. parviplexus had the highest prevalence and mean abundance (33.3% and 3, respectively). As a result of our study, the number of helminth taxa known for this host is 159 (75 digeneans, 4 monogeneans, 10 cestodes, 7 acanthocephalans, and 63 nematodes); these records come from 6 countries (Canada, Cuba, Japan, Korea, United Kingdom, and USA). Although well documented, the helminthological record of this host species could increase after further inventory work in poorly sampled regions.
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Sapkota, Ganga, Dipendra Kumar Mallik, Bhawna Wagle, Sunil Dhakal, and Sapana Bhandari. "Geographical Trends in Prevalence of Stomach Cancer in Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Cancer 6, no. 1 (2022): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njc.v6i1.44254.
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Background: Carcinoma stomach is a multifactorial disease accounting for second most common cancer among male and fifth most common cancer among Nepalese population. The prevalence of stomach cancer is partially influenced by geographical variation, social and cultural factors that significantly affect disease reporting and seeking medical care. In this study we have analyzed geographical trends in prevalence of stomach cancer among patients visiting BPKMCH.
 Materials and Methods: A single center descriptive retrospective study to analyze the geographical trends among stomach cancer patients visiting BPKMCH from January 2013 to December 2017 was designed and patients’ information available at medical record were obtained. Analysis was completed with SPSS Statistics.
 Results: During the period of 5-year total 832 cases of stomach cancer were seen at the Department of Surgical Oncology at BPKMCH. These cases comprised of 349 female and 483 males with male to female (M: F) ratio of 1.4:1. The mean age of presentation was 55 years. Maximum number of cases 57.3% (477) were from terai region of Nepal.
 Conclusions: This study provides clue regarding higher cases of stomach cancer among male patients and from terai region of Nepal. 
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Semassel, Imed Eddine, and Sadok Ben Yahia. "MOBILITY EMBEDDING FROM CALL DATA RECORD USING WORD2VEC TO SUPPORT NETWORK WITH UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE." Herald of the Kazakh-British technical university 20, no. 1 (2023): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.55452/1998-6688-2023-20-1-45-53.
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Call Detail Records (CDRs) are records that provide information about phone conversations and text messages. CDR data has been proved in several studies to give useful information on people's mobility patterns and associations with fine-grained temporal and geographical characteristics. This paper proposes to embed the traces recorded in the CDRs to extract meaningful information. These latter provide insights about the location that may need support to cover or recover the network. After embedding the users' trajectories step, we use the embedding results to recommend the antennas with coordinates and support demand needed to a fleet of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. Finally, we ended up with a capacitated vehicle routing problem that we solved using a Google open-source software named OR-Tools.
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Chen, K., J. McAneney, and K. Cheung. "Quantifying changes of wind speed distributions in the historical record of Atlantic tropical cyclones." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 9, no. 5 (2009): 1749–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-1749-2009.
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Abstract. Here we re-examine the official Atlantic basin tropical cyclone (hurricane) database HURDAT (1851–2008) and quantify differences between wind speed distributions in the early historical (1851–1943) record and more recent observations. Analyses were performed at three different geographical levels: for all six-hourly track segments of all Atlantic basin events, all segments of all events that crossed the US mainland, and US landfalling segments alone. At all three geographical levels of study, distributions of windspeeds over the last two, four and six decades display negligible dispersion or systematic change over time. On the other hand and relative to wind speed frequencies for subsequent years, the 1851–1943 record has a marked and statistically significant over-representation of wind speeds largely corresponding to Saffir-Simpson Categories 1 and 2 and under-representation of Categories 4 and 5 events; importantly, no single Category 5 event is recorded prior to 1924. The stability of the distribution of windspeeds at landfall over the last six decades, the dataset in which we can have most confidence, suggests that the differences in the earlier record are most likely explained by well-known measurement and observational deficiencies. Moreover by disaggregating the Power Dissipation Index (PDI), we demonstrate that the upward trend in Atlantic basin PDI since 1970s does not imply stronger and longer duration Category 5 windspeeds despite a warming climate. These results have implications for hurricane catastrophe loss modeling for the insurance industry and long-term trend analyses of the historical wind speed record, especially those related to the attribution of the role of Global Climate Change.
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Gasparini, Germán M., Oscar F. Moreno-Mancilla, and José L. Cómbita. "<i>Selenogonus narinoensis</i> Stirton, 1947 (Tayassuidae, Cetartiodactyla, Mammalia): taxonomic status and paleobiogeographic implications." Fossil Record 24, no. 1 (2021): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-65-2021.
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Abstract. The species Selenogonus narinoensis was described by Stirton (1947) based on a single specimen which comes from sediments cropping out in the Cocha Verde locality, Nariño Department (Colombia), tentatively referred to the late Pliocene–Pleistocene (MGN 931; IGM p002118, Museo Geológico Nacional, Servicio Geológico Colombiano, Bogotá). However, morphological studies and comparative morphometric observations of the specimen suggest that (1) no diagnostic character supports the validity of the species Selenogonus narinoensis (here considered species inquirenda); (2) a combination of features (e.g., the mandibular condyle located behind the posterior edge of the vertical mandibular ramus, the angular process which projects laterally outwards, a bunolophodont crown morphology, a mesodont crown height, and a simple crown morphology of the third lobe of m3) indicates it belongs to the genus Platygonus; (3) this specimen corresponds to one of the largest South American peccaries; (4) taking into account certain anatomical characters as well as its morphometric range, this specimen is assigned to Platygonus cf. marplatensis. Even though the stratigraphic provenance of the specimen is still doubtful, it can be proposed that (1) it could be one of the most ancient records of tayassuids in South America, as would be expected given its geographical position, and (2) considering the new taxonomic proposal, this specimen represents the first record of Platygonus cf. marplatensis in Colombia and represents one of the northernmost South American records of the genus. This new interpretation would be of great relevance in the Great American Biotic Interchange due to its strategic geographical proximity to the Isthmus of Panama.
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Parvej, Mohammed Rashed, Md Farhan Tazim, Al Mamun, Md Asadujjaman, and Mohammad Eusuf Hasan. "New Geographical Record of Spotfin Frogfish Antennatus Nummifer (Actinopterygii: Lophiiformes: Antennariidae) From the Coast of Northern Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 49, no. 1 (2021): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v49i1.53693.
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SURUGIU, V. "Inventory of inshore Polychaetes from the Romanian coast (Black Sea)." Mediterranean Marine Science 6, no. 1 (2005): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.193.
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A survey conducted in inshore waters along the Romanian coast of the Black Sea from 1994 to 2000, yielded 24 polychaete species belonging to 10 families as follows: Polynoidae (2), Phyllodocidae (2), Syllidae (3), Nereididae (5), Spionidae (5), Capitellidae (3), Nerillidae (1), Sabellidae (1), Serpulidae (1), and Spirorbidae (1). Polydora websteri (Hartman, 1943) is a new record for the Mediterranean and Black Sea region. P. cornuta (Bose, 1802) is first recorded in the Black Sea. Additionally, two other species, namely Harmothoe imbricata (Linnaeus, 1767) and Typosyllis hyalina (Grube, 1863), are new to the Romanian fauna. The systematic position of some species is discussed. The information on geographical distribution within the Mediterranean region of species found is also provided.
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CORRÊA, ANDRÉ LUIS, VERIDIANA VIZONI SCUDELLER, and RENATO GOLDENBERG. "Melastomataceae in the Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Tupé, Amazonas, Brazil." Phytotaxa 323, no. 2 (2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.323.2.1.
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We present a taxonomic study of the Melastomataceae that occur in the “Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Tupé”, lower Negro River, Amazonas. Forty-two species from nine genera: Miconia (21 spp.), Clidemia (6 spp.), Aciotis, Bellucia and Tococa (3 spp. each), Henriettea and Tibouchina (2 spp. each), Adelobotrys and Maieta (1 sp. each). We present detailed descriptions and an identification key prepared through DELTA software. We also present illustrations and data on geographical distribution for the species. This study presents the first record for 27 species in the Reserve.
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Gutscher, Marc-André. "Destruction of Atlantis by a great earthquake and tsunami? A geological analysis of the Spartel Bank hypothesis." Geology 33, no. 8 (2005): 685–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g21597ar.1.
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Abstract Numerous geographical similarities exist between Plato's descriptions of Atlantis and a paleoisland (Spartel) in the western Straits of Gibraltar. The dialogues recount a catastrophic event that submerged the island ca. 11.6 ka in a single day and night, due to violent earthquakes and floods. This sudden destruction is consistent with a great earthquake (M > 8.5) and tsunami, as in the Gulf of Cadiz region in 1755 when tsunami run-up heights reached 10 m. Great earthquakes (M 8–9) and tsunamis occur in the Gulf of Cadiz with a repeat time of 1.5–2 k.y., according to the sedimentary record. An unusually thick turbidite dated as ca. 12 ka may coincide with the destructive event in Plato's account. The detailed morphology of Spartel paleoisland, as determined from recently acquired high-resolution bathymetric data, is reported here. The viability of human habitation on this paleoisland ca. 11.6 ka is discussed on the basis of a new bathymetric map.
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Báez, Pedro, Cristián Araneda, Ludovic Burns, and Claudia Navarrete. "First record and distributional extension to Rapa Nui (Easter Island) of the slipper lobster Scyllarides haanii (Crustacea, Decapoda, Scyllaridae)." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 50, no. 1 (2022): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol50-issue1-fulltext-2765.
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A male specimen of the Aesop slipper lobster Scyllarides haanii was found in the coastal vicinity of Ahu Tongariki (27°07'33"S, 109°16'37"W), Rapa Nui. Its taxonomic determination was carried out by a detailed morphological examination and a DNA barcoding identification analysis by sequencing the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) gene. S. haanii has a wide geographic distribution with occasional presence from the Indo-Pacific to the Hawaiian Archipelago, including the Red Sea, Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Australia, Reunion, and French Polynesia; from 10 to 135 m of depth, preferably on rocky bottoms. This record extends the geographical distribution of S. haanii to Rapa Nui. It increases to five the species number of marine lobsters present on the island: a Palinuridae, Panulirus pascuensis and four Scyllaridae, Parribacus perlatus, Arctides regalis, Scyllarides roggevenni, and now S. haanii. This finding derived from the local initiative Pilotos to promote the sustainable management of coastal species, led by the Rapa Nui Sea Council ("Koro Nui o te Vaikava"), the elected authority in charge of the co-administration of Multiple Uses Marine Protected Area (MUMPA). The specimen will be deposited in the Crustacean Collection of the MNHNCL: accession number in GenBank (MW699539.1).
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Valdez Ovallez, Franco M., Rodrigo Gómez Alés, Rodrigo Acosta, José Villavicencio, and Juan C. Acosta. "New Geographical Record of the Lizard <i>Phymaturus williamsi</i> Lobo et al., 2013 (Squamata: Liolaemidae) After a Decade of Its Description in the Puna Region of Argentina." Russian Journal of Herpetology 32, no. 1 (2025): 73–76. https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2025-32-1-73-76.
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The species of the genus Phymaturus are viviparous, inhabit rocky areas in cold and harsh environments, and are characterized by restricted distributions with a high level of endemism. The objective of this work is to report a new geographic record of Phymaturus williamsi and expand its known distribution within the Province of San Juan, Argentina. In February 2023, during faunal sampling in the Calingasta Department, three adult male specimens of P. williamsi were observed. This new record is located approximately 32 km southwest in a straight line from the species’ type locality. Additionally, the straight-line distance to its closest congeners is approximately 172 km to Phymaturus palluma, found to the south in the Province of Mendoza, and 90 km to Phymaturus aguanegra, located to the north in the Iglesia Department, Province of San Juan. The new record of P. williamsi is crucial for conservation efforts, as it highlights the need to assess and mitigate the impacts of mining activities in its habitat, ensuring the protection of this vulnerable species and its unique ecosystem. Further efforts are needed to explore new sites and search for additional P. williamsi populations to more accurately define the limits of its geographic range. However, considering the proximity of its congeners, we hypothesize that its distribution is highly restricted.
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Markovskaya, Eugenia, Shmakova Nataliya, and Kostina Valentina. "New record of Euphrasia frigida Pugsl. in Colesdalen, Svalbard ( Short communication )." Czech Polar Reports 3, no. 2 (2013): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cpr2013-2-11.
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In 2011, a new place with Euphrasia frigida Pugsl was found in the area of Colesdalen, Svalbard. In this paper, geographical location of the place is reported and a brief description of neighbouring vegetation given. The new place with E. frigida was found on SW-facing slopes (inclination of about 30°) at a shallow hollow. The clumps of E. frigida were located 1-1.5 m away from each other and formed an area of about 40 m2. Altogether, 420 individuals were found, average length of which was 2 cm. The flower length and width reached 5 and 3.5 mm, respectively. The habitat related to willow-grassland-moss association. However, the surface of a hollow was slightly eroded probably due to anthropogenic transformation caused by proximity of old abandoned settlement and a harbour that have been used for coal shipping from Colesbukta. Finding of the new place with E. frigida within Colesdalen may be related to a spreading of the species at this particular Svalbard locality. It may also support the idea that the species could be ranked thermophilic and thus potentially fast responsive to warming of polar environment.
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SHAMSUNNAHAR, SHAMSUNNAHAR, MOHAMMAD ABDUL BAKI, ANIRBAN SARKER, et al. "Short Communication New record of Indian oil sardine Sardinella longiceps from the coastal region of Bangladesh." Ocean Life 1, no. 1 (2017): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/oceanlife/o010102.
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Shamsunnahar, Baki MA, Sarker A, Hasina Begum M, Zafaria M, Islam NN, Ahmed MdS. 2017. New record of Indian oil sardine Sardinella longiceps from the coastal region of Bangladesh. Ocean Life 1: 11-13. We report the first record of Indian oil sardine Sardinella longiceps from the southern coast of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. The sample specimens were collected from Pathorghata, Barguna, Bangladesh on 25th October, 2015. Morphometric and meristic studies were performed for taxonomic identification. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissue samples and mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene was amplified for molecular characterization of this species. The morphometric and meristic data and DNA barcoding confirm the presence of S. longiceps in Bangladesh. This report updates the geographical distribution for this species confirming its presence in the coastal region of Bangladesh, and extends the number of marine fish known from the area.
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Hanel, Martin, Petr Máca, Petr Bašta, Radek Vlnas, and Pavel Pech. "The rainfall erosivity factor in the Czech Republic and its uncertainty." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 10 (2016): 4307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4307-2016.
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Abstract. In the present paper, the rainfall erosivity factor (R factor) for the area of the Czech Republic is assessed. Based on 10 min data for 96 stations and corresponding R factor estimates, a number of spatial interpolation methods are applied and cross-validated. These methods include inverse distance weighting, standard, ordinary, and regression kriging with parameters estimated by the method of moments and restricted maximum likelihood, and a generalized least-squares (GLS) model. For the regression-based methods, various statistics of monthly precipitation as well as geographical indices are considered as covariates. In addition to the uncertainty originating from spatial interpolation, the uncertainty due to estimation of the rainfall kinetic energy (needed for calculation of the R factor) as well as the effect of record length and spatial coverage are also addressed. Finally, the contribution of each source of uncertainty is quantified. The average R factor for the area of the Czech Republic is 640 MJ ha−1 mm h−1, with values for the individual stations ranging between 320 and 1520 MJ ha−1 mm h−1. Among various spatial interpolation methods, the GLS model relating the R factor to the altitude, longitude, mean precipitation, and mean fraction of precipitation above the 95th percentile of monthly precipitation performed best. Application of the GLS model also reduced the uncertainty due to the record length, which is substantial when the R factor is estimated for individual sites. Our results revealed that reasonable estimates of the R factor can be obtained even from relatively short records (15–20 years), provided sufficient spatial coverage and covariates are available.
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Boulé, Michel, and Martin Blouin. "SPILLVIEW: A SUPPORT TO DECISION-MAKING SOFTWARE IN EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO MARINE OIL SPILL." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (2005): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-731.
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ABSTRACT In the event of a marine oil spill, it is necessary to quickly and clearly assess the situation and estimate the extent of the area potentially impacted by oil. This software combines the following features integrated in a Geographical Information System: Geo-referenced digital aerial survey; Access to trajectory forecast model results; charts with marine and terrestrial data. These features allows a better planning of the emergency response in terms of deployment of personnel and equipment, because it helps to document clearly the observed spill and to give rapidly the length of the coastline at risk and the forecasted time at which the oil spill will start reaching the coast. Aerial surveys are one of the main tools used towards these ends. Aerial observations support the planning of oil cleanup and recovery work, and can also provide accurate data for oil spill fate and trajectory models. Aerial surveyors traditionally use paper maps to record their observations. This way of doing things presents some limits. These include: 1) the difficulty to evaluate the exact location of observed features on the map; 2) the difficulty to record all the necessary information on a fixed-scale map and; 3) the issue of transferring the recorded observations to spill managers, which takes time, requires explanations from the observer and can be subject to interpretation mistakes. These are the reasons why the Canadian Coast Guard, in partnership with Cogeni Technologie Inc., developed the SpillView software system. SpillView, which runs under the Windows XP operating sytem, is designed to operate on a pressure sensitive tablet PC equipped with a GPS and electronic maps. The system displays the real time location and trajectory of the aircraft. The observer can record different types of observations (such as oil location, environmental resources, and shorelines contamination) on georeferenced layers that can be individually exported to formats compatible with other Geographical Information Systems. The observer can also use the system to electronically transfer the observed oil location to a spill modeling center, and display the modeling results within minutes. Spillview proved to be a good tool to support training and exercises, as it can be used to portray different spill scenarios on electronic maps. The software could also be used for other aerial survey needs, such as national security or forest fires. SpillView is presently being enhanced in order to provide operational support by enabling real time access to equipment inventory databases and fieldwork description forms.
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Singh, Amresh Kumar, Vivek Gaur, Ankur Kumar, Jayesh Pandey, and Vandana Upadhyay. "Incidence of HIV infection in eastern Uttar Pradesh: HIV counseling and testing services record based retrospective study." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 6 (2019): 2286. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20192514.
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Background: India has approximately 2.4 million of people living with HIV and out of these two thirds live in rural areas. This study may yield significant data to understand epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in this region that would help in designing techniques for effective implementation to prevent this infection.Methods: The present study was a comprehensive retrospective hospital-based investigation of the HIV infection in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India based on a large number of clinical samples at HCTS centre, representing different geographic regions and has been functional since 2002, conducting HIV tests, counselling of patients as well as maintains proper records.Results: A total of 444 HIV positive clients were registered in this retrospective study. The male and female ratio among all positive clients was 1.67:1 and the most common age group for both the genders was 35-49 years. Among 444 HIV positive clients, HIV-TB co-infection found in 72 (16.21%) cases. Out of 444 clients, 177 (40%) and 167 (38%) found extremely immunocompromised with low CD4 cells count in range between of 0-100 cells/mm3 and >100-350 cells/mm3 respectively. Mortality was seen in 72 (16%) out of 444 HIV positive clients.Conclusions: There is an urgent need of information, education about this disease and by providing suitable occupation or to make them aware, which will markedly help in preventing the spread of HIV pandemic in this geographical region.
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Alam, M. Arshad Ul, and MA Azadi. "First record of horned carp Schismatorynchos nukta (Sykes, 1839) (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from Bangladesh and its present status." Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management 3, no. 1 (2018): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v3i1.36763.
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The horned carp, Schismatorynchos nukta (Sykes, 1839) has been recorded for the first time from Bangladesh geographical area under the investigated genus of Schismatorynchos (Bleeker 1855). This fish was collected from seine net catch while exploring the hilly upstream of Sangu river at Tindu and Remakri (Thanchi, Bandarban, Bangadesh) during the winter in 2015. The species S. nukta is mostly distributed in the upland tributaries of Krishna river systems at northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra and Karnataka in India. It is reported as endemic species of Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot. Its distribution (IUCN status) and habitat conditions are dealt in the present paper. The findings add some information on its global distribution form and Indian endemic status.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2017, 3(1): 85-92
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Sapkota, Ganga, Dipendra Kumar Mallik, Ashok Sapkota, Sunil Dhakal, and Roshan Mishra. "Burden of GB Carcinoma among people from Terai, and Hill/ Himalayan regions of Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Cancer 2, no. 1 (2018): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njc.v2i1.25645.
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Background: GB carcinoma is rare cancer worldwide, but is sixth most common cancer among females in Nepal. Burden of GB carcinoma has geographical and ethnic variation. This study mainly focuses on geographical distribution of GB carcinoma, among Nepalese patients visiting BPKMCH.
 Methods and materials: We conducted a retrospective study approved by Department of GI Surgery, BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal. Datas were collected from Jan 1,2107 to 31st Dec 2017 from medical record sections. Analysis was completed using SPSS.
 Results: A total number of 340 patients were recorded, comprising 220 patients with malignancy and 115 patients with benign lesions, and remaining 5 patients files could not be traced. Among malignant patients 158 were female, and 62 were male, with male to female ratio (M: F) of 1:2.5. In malignant group, patients from terai were 70%, hilly and Himalayan region were 30%.
 Conclusion: The data provides clue on burden of GB carcinoma being relatively high in female, and terai region of Nepal.
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Nakaya, Tomoki, Kazumasa Hanaoka, and Shohei Nagata. "Space-time mapping of historical plague epidemics in modern Osaka, Japan." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-267-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In modern times Japan, large-scale epidemics of infectious diseases such as cholera and plague were repeatedly introduced from major cities with ports. Osaka, along with Kobe, is the earliest city in the country to have plague epidemics at that age. To consider the counter measures of such epidemics, epidemic reports were often edited to record the details of the epidemic trends with individual records of infected persons. In case of the plague epidemics in Osaka city, the three-volume set of the Second Osaka Prefectural Report of Plague Epidemics (hereafter, the Plague Epidemic Report) was compiled and published in 1909. According to this report, the plague epidemics prevailed in the city between 1899 and 1900 and between 1905 and 1907. Especially in November 1907, the number of cases exceeded 220 which was the largest number of monthly incidences in the city.</p><p>This study aims to digitally reconstruct the spatio-temporal sequences of the city-wide historical plague epidemics at the individual level from September 1906 to the end of December 1907, recorded in the Plague Epidemic Report, by using a geographic information system (GIS). We examine the possibilities of visual understanding about the geographical processes of the plague epidemics in the city through space-time mapping of the historical materials of the disease in a GIS environment. The database and visualized space-time features of the epidemics would be useful for theoretical studies of infectious disease epidemiology with spatial dimension, since it is not easy to obtain such detailed individual data of infected persons in a city-wide extent at present days due to privacy protection policies. In addition, this study may highlight the old city structure of Osaka in modern times through the epidemic sequences. This may contribute to the studies of historical geography as well as those of Digital Humanities in a wider context.</p><p>We developed the GIS-based space-time database of plague cases as follows. Firstly, we digitally archived the Plague Epidemic Report by scanning the entire pages including Figures and Tables. Secondly, we built a database of cases from the scanned list of plague case lists with their attributes including id number, the date of onset, the reason and date of identification, the disease type, address, location of discovery, occupation, sex, age and others. Thirdly, geographical coordinates of the occurrence location were identified as the points drawn in the 1&amp;thinsp;:&amp;thinsp;20,000 scale maps included in the Plague Epidemic Report with the aid of GIS-based geo-referencing. At the result, the records of 661 cases with the geographical coordinates were established. In addition, we construct other geographical information in the Plague Epidemic Report, such as the aggregated numbers of caught rats carrying the plague by police box regions over the city. It would be interesting to note that the distribution of plague cases is almost consistent with the distribution of the number of infected rats.</p><p>Using the spatiotemporal database developed here, we conduct the mapping of plague cases in a space-time cube setting (Figure 1). Each black dot in the figure represents one infected case with the geographical locations and timing (temporal locations) defined by his/her onset day-counts after 13 Sep 1906 when the first case in the list appeared. We enhanced the visualization of space-time point distribution by using space-time kernel density estimation as shown in Figure 2 including two iso-surfaces of high (coloured in red) and middle (coloured in blue) density domains. We developed a tool for ArcGIS Pro (ESRI Inc.) combined with R (R Core Team) to generate the space-time iso-surfaces of densities. The tool enables us to create a web-based interactive digital content of the historical epidemic.</p><p>It is noteworthy that the case attribute in the database included relationships with other recorded cases. Figure 2 has the lines showing the relationships between the cases. While most of them are short and almost vertically stand meaning that infections were occurred in a limited geographical extent, there are also long-length lines indicating that local outbreaks at different locations were connected by the person-to-person contacts, possibly reflecting possibly commuting networks at that age. We intend to argue how the plague epidemics spread in the city by associating the space-time sequences of infection with the demographic and socioeconomic attributes of the cases in the context of modern Osaka.</p>
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Magno, Jose Donato A., Rylan Jasper C. Ubaldo, Jonnie B. Nunez, et al. "The State of Cardiovascular Resources and Expertise in Echocardiography Nationwide: The Philippine Survey on Echocardiography (The PHIL-SCREEN Study)." Philippine Journal of Cardiology 51, no. 2 (2023): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.69944/pjc.4f0a88da4e.
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INTRODUCTION: Maldistribution of echocardiographic expertise is a relevant issue in an archipelago such as the Philippines. We specifically looked at (1) the nationwide census of physician echocardiographers, cardiac sonographers, and cardiac laboratory managers; (2) their geographic distribution; and (3) background training and laboratory classification. METHODS: Data from paper and online surveys conducted in 2015 and 2021 were consolidated alongside the existing society database. Surveys (Google Forms; Google, Mountain View, California) were disseminated through a variety of online, social media, and communication avenues and focused on three categories of respondents: (1) physician echocardiographers, (2) cardiac sonographers, and (3) laboratory managers. The main variables of interest included estimated census per category and geographical distribution. Secondary variables included training background and laboratory classification. RESULTS: In 2021, there were 651 physician echocardiographers, 2487 cardiac sonographers, and 443 cardiac laboratory managers on record, with 86 readers, 405 sonographers, and 101 managers responding to the survey. The majority of the surveyed readers (41.2%), sonographers (48.3%), and laboratory managers (28.2%) were situated in the National Capital Region. Close to half of the readers were level III echocardiographers. The majority of the sonographers (46.7%) were nurses, followed by medical technologists (21.8%) and radiologic technologists (18.9%). Most laboratory managers were in nontraining hospitals (38.2%) or stand-alone facilities (20.9%). The minority were in hospitals with cardiology (18.2%) or internal medicine (22.7%) training programs. CONCLUSION: Geographical maldistribution of echocardiographic resources is still evident, with the majority of human resources being concentrated in the metropolis. The majority of the sonographers have nursing as their training background, and many laboratory managers are situated in facilities with no established training programs. KEYWORDS: echocardiography, laboratory, reader, resources, sonographer, survey
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LITERATUS, IRISH C. E., SAJEEWA S. N. MAHARACHCHIKUMBURA, PATCHAREEYA WITHEE, et al. "Taxonomic and phylogenetic appraisal of a new holomorphic Neophyllachora species from Chiang Mai, Thailand." Phytotaxa 600, no. 5 (2023): 259–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.600.5.1.
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Tar spot is a common fungal disease often caused by Phyllachoraceae species, mostly on leaves and also on stems and fruits of a variety of host plant families. We identified a Neophyllachora species from Ficus religiosa leaves in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum-likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) showed the taxonomic placement of our taxon within Neophyllachora. The newly obtained sequences recovered as a sister and distinct clade to Neophyllachora fici with high bootstrap support. Our collection mainly differs from N. fici in having septate paraphyses, hyaline to olivaceous ascospores with 1-2 guttules, and mucilaginous sheath. A holomorphic fungus, Neophyllachora religiosa sp. nov. is introduced here based on the evidence from morpho-molecular analyses. The genus and the species are also identified as the first geographical record to Thailand and the first host record to Ficus religiosa. The synopsis table for the existing species of Neophyllachora and the key to the genus is provided.
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Rudenko, Valeriy, and Kateryna Grek. "Professor Myron Korduba's Contribution Into Geographical Shevchenkiana." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 11, no. 5 (2021): 110–18. https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.05.011.
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<strong>Rudenko</strong> <strong>Valeriy, Grek Kateryna</strong><strong>. </strong><strong>Professor Myron Korduba’s Contribution Into</strong> <strong>Geographical Shevchenkiana</strong><strong>.</strong> <strong>Journal of Education, Health and Sport. </strong><strong>2021;11(</strong><strong>5</strong><strong>):</strong><strong>110</strong><strong>-</strong><strong>118</strong><strong>. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI </strong><strong>http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.0</strong><strong>5</strong><strong>.0</strong><strong>11</strong> <strong>https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.0</strong><strong>5</strong><strong>.0</strong><strong>11</strong> <strong>https://zenodo.org/record/4810871</strong> <strong>The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019.</strong> <strong>© The Authors 2021;</strong> <strong>This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland</strong> <strong>Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,</strong> <strong>provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike.</strong> <strong>(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.</strong> <strong>The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.</strong> <strong>Received: </strong><strong>02</strong><strong>.0</strong><strong>5</strong><strong>.2021. Revised: 2</strong><strong>1</strong><strong>.0</strong><strong>5</strong><strong>.2021. Accepted: </strong><strong>26</strong><strong>.0</strong><strong>5</strong><strong>.2021.</strong> UDC 911.3:330.15 (914.77) <strong>Professor Myron Korduba’</strong><strong>s</strong><strong> Contribution Into</strong> <strong>Geographical </strong><strong><em>Shevchenkiana</em></strong> <strong>Valeriy Rudenko, Kateryna Grek</strong> <em>Yuriy Fedkovych</em> Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine Valery Rudenko – rudenko_valery@ukr.net, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7542-4399 Kateryna Grek – katerinagrek4@gmail.com , ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0132-2103 <strong>Abstract</strong> The article deals with most essential specificities of creative approach and major results of regional geographical studies of Taras Shevchenko, an outstanding Ukrainian poet and painter, disclosed by Myron Korduba (1876 – 1947), Professor, Warsaw University, in his <em>T. Shevchenko</em> <em>as Regional Ethnographer and Archaeologist</em>. It was accentuated that, when studying nature and local people, Taras Shevchenko preferred “a good pencil-drawn sketch from nature”; focused on specific natural phenomena, characteristic for this or that locality; put people and community, their culture and everyday life into a center of his regional geographical cognition. <strong>Key words: Taras Shevchenko; Myron Korduba; regional geographical activity.</strong>
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Hayat, Flora. "Translation from the collaborative OSM database to cartography." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-53-2018.
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The OpenStreetMap (OSM) database includes original items very useful for geographical analysis and for creating thematic maps. Contributors record in the open database various themes regarding amenities, leisure, transports, buildings and boundaries. The Michelin mapping department develops map prototypes to test the feasibility of mapping based on OSM. To translate the OSM database structure into a database structure fitted with Michelin graphic guidelines a research project is in development. It aims at defining the right structure for the Michelin uses. The research project relies on the analysis of semantic and geometric heterogeneities in OSM data. In that order, Michelin implements methods to transform the input geographical database into a cartographic image dedicated for specific uses (routing and tourist maps). The paper focuses on the mapping tools available to produce a personalised spatial database. Based on processed data, paper and Web maps can be displayed. Two prototypes are described in this article: a vector tile web map and a mapping method to produce paper maps on a regional scale. The vector tile mapping method offers an easy navigation within the map and within graphic and thematic guide- lines. Paper maps can be partly automatically drawn. The drawing automation and data management are part of the mapping creation as well as the final hand-drawing phase. Both prototypes have been set up using the OSM technical ecosystem.
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Renfrew, Paul Douglas, and Michele Molinari. "Are there Geographical Disparities in Access to Liver Transplantation in Atlantic Canada?" Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 26, no. 10 (2012): 705–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/627239.
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OBJECTIVE: To characterize the patient population served by Atlantic Canada’s Multi-Organ Transplant Program liver transplant service over the first five years of activity in its current iteration.METHODS: Data from a prospective institutional database, supplemented by retrospective medical record review, were used to identify and characterize the cohort of patients assessed for consideration of first liver transplant between December 1, 2004 and December 1, 2009.RESULTS: In the five-year period after reactivation, the program assessed 337 patients for first liver transplant. The median age at referral for this group of 199 men (59.0%) and 138 women (41.0%) was 56.1 years (range 16.3 to 72.3 years). The leading three liver diseases indicating liver replacement were alcohol-related end-stage liver disease (20.5%), hepatocellular cancer (16.6%) and hepatitis C-related end-stage liver disease (14.0%). When evaluated according to provincial population-standardized incidence, significant differences in the incidence of liver transplant assessment among the four Atlantic Canadian provinces were found (per 100,000 inhabitants: Nova Scotia 19.8, New Brunswick 13.0, Newfoundland and Labrador 9.1 and Prince Edward Island 11.0; Fisher’s exact P<0.001). Of the 337 individuals who began the assessment process, 153 (45.4%) were assigned to the wait list. The probability of an individual being assigned to the wait list was not found to differ according to province of residence (Nova Scotia 45.3%, New Brunswick 40.0%, Newfoundland and Labrador 58.7% and Prince Edward Island 40.0%; Fisher’s exact P=0.206).CONCLUSIONS: The analysis suggests that there are geographical disparities in access to liver transplantation in Atlantic Canada. These disparities appear to be related to factors that precede the transplant assessment process.
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Zamanpoore, Mehrdad, and Fatemeh Abbaspour. "A Foundational Study of the Dehram River’s Aquatic Ecosystem: Bridging Fresh and Brackish Water." Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research 26, no. 5 (2024): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajfar/2024/v26i5770.
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In this study, we explore Dehram river system, focusing on its biological characteristics, in a hot arid region. This is a freshwater stream flowing over salt formations. We examined various ecological aspects of the river, including its benthic macroinvertebrates, zooplankton, fishes, as well as some physical and chemical factors in three selected stations. The river showed variations in physical and chemical properties, with salinity and conductivity levels being the most significant. Salinity, total dissolved solids, calcium ion concentration, and nitrate levels increased downstream in the study area. Our findings revealed 13 macroinvertebrate orders present in the river, including a new record for Fars Province - the hydrobiid gastropod Ecrobia grimmi. The discovery of the four fish species in the river marked a new addition to their known geographical distribution. Certain invertebrate families were unique to station 1 and/or 2, while families Dyticidae and Simuliidae were exclusive to station 3. Other families were found in all three stations. Fish groups in the river included four identified cyprinid species, revealing new distribution ranges for them. Capoeta barroisi, known for tolerating specific environmental conditions, was found to adapt to the higher temperature, EC, and pH ranges in the river, setting new ecological records. The river exhibited unique ecological conditions such as high temperature and extranormal conductivity levels, which may have led to specific adaptations in its biota. We recommend further detailed investigations to determine whether these are new species or highly adapted populations isolated geographically and physiologically.
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BEDOUI, Chokri. "Quantifying water erosion hazard in central Tunisia A case study: the Leben watershed." Revista de Geomorfologie 20, no. 1 (2018): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21094/rg.2018.041.
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This study was performed in order to quantify soil erosion in the arid lands of central Tunisia. To do this we used geographic information systems, remote sensing and the RUSLE prediction model. While the study area is characterized by reduced rainfall quantities and therefore a low R factor, other factors such as high soil erodibility, low vegetation cover and steep slopes resulted in locally high erosion rates. Indeed, the calculation of RUSLE factors revealed values between 0 and 731 tones×ha-1×year-1 with an average of 3.84 tones×ha-1×year-1. Whereas most catchment lands have low levels, the relief surrounding the catchment has relatively high rates due to the high value of slopes, the skeletal soils that compose them, but also due to the absence of protection, reforestation or crop management. This study also showed that despite their small extension compared to the watershed, main streams sectors, and especially their banks, record the highest erosion rates mainly due to the flow accumulation in the downstream sectors. Relative protection of the piedmont, which has saved them from higher erosion, can only be considered efficient and sustainable if the upstream hillsides are also protected. The comparison with previous studies carried out in Tunisia shows similarities in the results of some of them, considering the natural geographical variation of the R factor.
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Zamorano, Martín, Gustavo J. Scillato-Yané, and Alfredo E. Zurita. "Revisión del género Panochthus (Xenarthra, Glyptodontidae)." Revista del Museo de La Plata 14, no. 72 (2017): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/25456377e208.
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All the species of the genus Panochthus are reviewed. This taxon is one of the most important glyptodontid genus of the Pleistocene of Argentina because of its high frequency in the Ensenadan, Bonaerian and Lujanian units, as well as because of its wide geographical distribution that spans from the Santa Cruz province to the northern Argentina. Its record also extends to the Pleistocene of Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay. Up to now, a total of ten species of Panochthus remained in force. In this contribution only six species are considered to be valid, and they are: (1) Panochthus tuberculatus (Owen), (2) P. frenzelianus Ameghino, (3) P. intermedius Lydekker, (4) P. subintermedius Castellanos, (5) P. greslebini Castellanos and (6) P. jaguaribensis Moreira. Conversely, four species are invalidated, and they are: (1) P. lundii Burmeister, because it is based on different species of already known glyptodontid material; (2) P. (?) nodotianus Ameghino, a nomen dubium; (3) P. voghti Ameghino, and (4) P. rusconii Castellanos, both synonyms of P. tuberculatus. Other 15 species that in some instance were attributed to Panochthus are discussed, but whose location had been rectified prior to this review. Finally, we consider the stratigraphic and geographic distribution of the species of Panochthus and its relation to the Pleistocene climate changes in South America.
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Gasse, F., L. Vidal, A. L. Develle, and E. Van Campo. "Hydrological variability in the Northern Levant: a 250 ka multi-proxy record from the Yammoûneh (Lebanon) sedimentary sequence." Climate of the Past 7, no. 4 (2011): 1261–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1261-2011.
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Abstract. The Levant is a key region in terms of both long-term hydroclimate dynamics and human cultural evolution. Our understanding of the regional response to glacial-interglacial boundary conditions is limited by uncertainties in proxy-data interpretation and the lack of long-term records from different geographical settings. The present paper provides a 250 ka paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on a multi-proxy approach from northern Levant, derived from a 36 m lacustrine-palustrine sequence cored in the small intra-mountainous karstic Yammoûneh basin from northern Lebanon. We combined time series of sediment properties, paleovegetation, and carbonate oxygen isotopes (δc), to yield a comprehensive view of paleohydrologic-paleoclimatic fluctuations in the basin over the two last glacial-interglacial cycles. Integration of all available proxies shows that Interglacial maxima (early-mid MIS 7, MIS 5.5 and early MIS 1) experienced relatively high effective moisture, evidenced by the dominance of forested landscapes (although with different forest types) associated with authigenic carbonate sedimentation in a productive waterbody. Synchronous and steep δc increases can be reconciled with enhanced mean annual moisture when changes in seasonality are taken into account. During Glacials periods (MIS 2 and MIS 6), open vegetation tends to replace the forests, favouring local erosion and detrital sedimentation. However, all proxy data reveal an overall wetting during MIS 6, while a drying trend took place during MIS4-2, leading to extremely harsh LGM conditions possibly linked to water storage as ice in the surrounding highlands. Over the past 250 ka, the Yammoûneh record shows an overall decrease in local effective water, coincident with a weakening of seasonal insolation contrasts linked to the decreasing amplitude of the eccentricity cycle. The Yammoûneh record is roughly consistent with long-term climatic fluctuations in the northeastern Mediterranean region (except during MIS 6). It suggests that the role of seasonality on effective moisture, already highlighted for MIS 1, also explains older interglacial climate. The Yammoûneh record shares some features with speleothem isotope records of western Israel, while the Dead Sea basin generally evolved in opposite directions. Changes in atmospheric circulation, regional topographic patterns and site-specific hydrological factors are invoked as potential causes of spatial heterogeneities. Further work is needed to refine the Yammoûneh chronology, better understand its functioning through hydrological and climate modelling, and acquire other long records from northern Levant to disentangle the relative effects of local versus regional factors.