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Journal articles on the topic "112 Health Workers"
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Strizhakov, L. A., S. A. Babanov, D. V. Vinnikov, N. A. Ostryakova, and A. S. Agarkova. "Preventing mental health disorders in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic." Medical Herald of the South of Russia 14, no. 1 (2023): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2219-8075-2023-14-1-112-118.
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Objective: based on a comprehensive assessment of the levels of anxiety and burnout syndrome among medical workers of COVID hospitals, develop measures to prevent mental health disorders. Materials and methods: examined: group 1 — medical workers of COVID hospitals (n=201); group 2 — medical workers of multidisciplinary hospitals (n=195); group 3 — medical workers of the outpatient clinic link (n=186). Control group (n=190) — employees of engineering, technical and economic specialties (healthy). Methods: psychological (“integrative anxiety test”, authors: A.P. Bizyuk, L.I. Wasserman, B.V. Iovlev (2005); method for diagnosing professional burnout according to V.V. Boyko). During statistical processing, the significance of differences was determined using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by intergroup comparisons according to Dunnet’s test. The obtained data were processed using the statistical package “Statistica” from StatSoft (USA). Results: in the study of the phases of emotional burnout, it was revealed that medical workers in COVID hospitals had significantly higher scores of the phase of stress, phases of resistance compared to medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals and outpatient services. At the same time, the total score of the exhaustion phase was significantly increased in medical workers in COVID hospitals compared to medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals, but there were no significant differences in this indicator when compared with medical workers in outpatient services. It has been established that among medical workers of COVID hospitals, the indicator “alarming assessment of prospects” prevails; in medical workers of multidisciplinary hospitals — “asthenic component”; among medical workers of the outpatient clinic link — a «phobic component». Conclusions: among medical workers of COVID hospitals, there is a high level of formation of phases of emotional burnout and anxiety. Measures to prevent mental health disorders of medical workers in COVID hospitals include: socio-psychological, professional and organizational.
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Tantu, Temesgen, and Damene Dawit Hadaro. "Health Extension Postnatal Care Services Utilization and Associated Factors Among Mothers in Kindo Didaye District, Southern Ethiopia: a Community-Based Mixed-Method Study." Women Health Care and Issues 5, no. 3 (2022): 01–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2642-9756/112.
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Background: Postnatal care is care provisions being delivered during postnatal period. Lack of care in this period may result in death or disability as well as missed opportunities to promote healthy behaviors affecting women, newborns, and children. We need to understand the level and factors affecting health extension postnatal care services utilization. Objective: To determine the prevalence of health extension postnatal care services utilization and associated factors among mothers who gave birth in the last year in Kindo Didaye district, Southern Ethiopia, 2017. Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional mixed-method study was conducted from March 1-30, 2017 to get the final sample size of 645 mothers. Descriptive statistics were used to describe study participants. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors among the explanatory variables at P < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of utilization of Post-natal care services is 32.8%. Having husbands attended secondary and above education, having at least one Antenatal care attendance, last delivery in the health institution, planning to utilize services, visitation, and notification of delivery by Health extension workers were factors to utilize services. The majority of Focus group discussion participants said that Health extension workers were not visiting at their homes and hence mothers might not be encouraged to attend health extension Post-natal care services. Conclusion: The prevalence of mothers who utilized health extension Post-natal care services in the district was very low. Thus, focusing on the identified factors could improve and sustain Post-natal care services from rural Health extension workers.
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Daoud, Lina Jalal, Mamdouh El-hneiti, and Mahmoud Ogla Al-Hussami. "Psychosocial health stigma related to COVID-19 disease among COVID-19 patients in Jordan: a comparative study." BMJ Public Health 2, no. 1 (2024): e000165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000165.
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ObjectiveBeyond its effects on physical health, COVID-19 psychosocial stigma has emerged as a result of this global crisis, making people feel ashamed, alone and discriminated against. This comparative study aims to assess the psychosocial health stigma of COVID-19, and to evaluate the perceived stigma according to the sociodemographic variables during the pandemic in Jordan.MethodA study in Jordan compared stigma between 112 COVID-19 patients (52 males and 60 females) and 118 healthy controls (56 males and 62 females), with participants ranging from 18 to over 60 years old in both groups.ResultsAccording to the data, 27% of COVID-19 patients had high-level stigma, with total stigma scores ranging from 46 to 111 and a mean of 80.23 (SD=12.79). Quartile results showed 50% scored 80, 25% over 88 and 75% over 78, indicating moderate stigma within a 0–160 range. On the other hand, the total scores of stigma among the healthy controls ranged from 40 to 112, with a mean of 78.55 (SD=12.41). 30.3% report high levels of stigma. Quartile results showed 50% scored 78, 25% over 85 and 75% over 71, indicating moderate stigma. No significant stigma score difference was found between patients and controls (t=1.09, p=0.28). No significant correlation with demographics, except among medical workers (t=−3.32, p=0.001).ConclusionThe study revealed negligible differences in stigma between the two groups, but greater stigma among medical field workers highlighting the need for integrated community and policy support to fight stigma.
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Revich, Boris A., and Dmitry A. Shaposhnikov. "High atmospheric temperatures and the health of workers." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 65, no. 2 (2025): 101–12. https://doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2025-65-2-101-112.
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The studies of health impacts of high ambient temperatures have gained particular importance in the context of continuing climate change, gradual rise in summer temperatures, increasing frequency and severity of heat waves. The exposure of outdoor workers to high ambient temperatures may cause hyperthermia and heat-related illness which may ultimately lead to death.The second most important health effect, after heat sickness, is kidney disease. In addition, exposure to high temperatures increases the risk of occupational injury, reduces working capacity and labor productivity. The main purpose of this review is to summarize the results of foreign studies on the effects of high ambient temperatures on the health of workers, since no such studies have been conducted in Russia. The order of presentation of the material corresponds to the degree of severity of the effects on the health of workers in various specialties. The most vulnerable group are agricultural workers, followed by construction workers, then workers of other professions who are characterized by heavy physical work outside the premises — these are miners, traffic policemen, public utilities workers, the tourism sector, etc. The review also briefly examines studies on the economic assessment of damage caused by exposure to high air temperatures on the health of workers, and Russian research in a related field — the effect of a heating microclimate inside industrial premises on the health of workers. Ethics. This study did not require the conclusion of an Ethics committee.
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Beliard, Regine, Karina Muzykovsky, William Vincent, Bupendra Shah, and Evangelia Davanos. "Perceptions, Barriers, and Knowledge of Inpatient Glycemic Control." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 29, no. 4 (2016): 348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190014566309.
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Objectives: To assess knowledge and perceptions of health care workers regarding optimal care for patients with hyperglycemia and identify commonly perceived barriers for the development of a hospital-wide education program. Research Design and Methods: A cross-sectional design was utilized to survey health care workers involved in managing hyperglycemia in an urban, community teaching hospital. Each health care worker received a survey specific to their health care role. Results: Approximately 50% of questions about best clinical practices were answered correctly. Correct responses varied across disciplines (n, mean ± standard deviation [SD]), that is, physicians (n = 112, 53% ± 26%), nurses (n = 43, 52% ± 35%), pharmacists (n = 20, 64% ± 23%), dietitians (n = 5, 48% ± 30%), and patient care assistants (n = 12, 38% ± 34%). Most health care workers perceived hyperglycemia treatment to be very important and that sliding scale insulin was commonly used because of convenience but not efficacy. Conclusion: Knowledge regarding hyperglycemia management was suboptimal across a sample of health care workers when compared to clinical best practices. Hyperglycemia management was perceived to be important but convenience seemed to influence the management approach more than efficacy. Knowledge, perceptions, and barriers seem to play an important role in patient care and should be considered when developing education programs prior to implementation of optimized glycemic protocols.
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Syurin, Sergei A., and Alexander N. Nikanov. "Health risks from exposure to industrial aerosols of soluble and insoluble nickel compounds." Hygiene and sanitation 103, no. 8 (2024): 876–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-8-876-883.
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Introduction. Despite the implementation of active preventive measures, employees of nickel enterprises, remain to belong to a group of increased risk of occupational pathology. Aim. comparative analysis of the risks to occupational health in workers exposed to soluble and insoluble nickel compounds in various specialties of the nickel industry. Materials and methods. A retrospective observational study of the health status and development of occupational pathology was carried out among seven hundred sixty three workers of pyrometallurgical and 1395 workers of electrolysis nickel processing plants during 2008–2023. Results. Over the course of 15 years, 112 and 221 occupational diseases were first identified in 57 (7.5%) of 763 pyrometallurgical workers and 100 (7.2%) of 1,395 nickel electrolysis workers. The risk of developing occupational pathology among workers of the two industries did not differ: RR 1.04; CI 0.76-1.43; p=0.797. In 2009–2023 There were no significant trend in the number of workers with primary occupational diseases and their number. Of all the specialists, the greatest risk of occupational pathology was found among finished product cleaners and smelters. The maximum level of occupational morbidity was found among cleaners and smelters (323.62 and 229.69 cases / 10,000 workers), and the minimum – among repairmen, crane operators, roasters (pyrometallurgical production) and electricians of electrolysis production (35–45 cases / 10,000 workers). Limitations. The number of observations in some groups of specialists is insufficient for statistical processing. Conclusion. The risk of developing occupational pathology does not depend on the solubility or insolubility of nickel compounds in industrial aerosols, but is largely determined by the final class of working conditions and the specialty of the worker. When carrying out measures to reduce health risks, it is necessary to take into account not only the class of working conditions, but also their characteristics for specialists at various technological stages of nickel production.
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Salazar-García, Félix, Esperanza Gallardo-Díaz, Prudencia Cerón-Mireles, Dana Loomis, and Victor H. Borja-Aburto. "Reproductive effects of occupational DDT exposure among male malaria control workers." Environmental Health Perspectives 112, no. 5 (2004): 542–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.112-1241918.
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Syam, Nur Syarianingsih, Selvi Novita Sari, and Siti Kurnia Widi Hastuti. "Implementation of Use of Self-Protective Equipment in Providing Protection for Health Care Workers in Hospital X Bantul." Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat 11, no. 2 (2020): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26553/jikm.2020.11.2.101-112.
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The hospital is a workplace that has a high risk to the safety and health of human resources (HR) in the hospital. Control of sources and potential hazards in hospitals can be done with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE consists of gloves, masks, face/eye protection, protective gowns, and leg protectors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of PPE in nurses at Hospital X Bantul District. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with a case study design. Data collection uses interview guidelines with 5 informants and the observation of 30 health workers. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Evaluation of the level of PPE use in nurses in good categories namely gloves as many as 24 health workers (100%), masks 30 (100%), no activities were found with indications of the use of goggle, protective gown/apron 15 officers (100%), gaiters 15 officers (100%) and 15 nurses (100%) headcovers. This is supported by policies and SOPs for the use of PPE and guidelines for nursing actions, human resources (HR), namely nurses who have received socialization and training, hospital funds related to the availability of PPE and training, the availability of PPE according to indications of action and the existence of supervision conducted by IPCLN and PPI teams in Operation room unit, inpatient room, and CSSD. Conclusion of this research was found not all health workers have appropriate and compliant behavior in the use of PPE in each unit.
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Khaliq, Nida, Zille Huma Mustehsan, Hania Rashid, Shafaq Khadija, Nazeeha Waseem, and Hafsa Waseem. "Contamination of Mobile Phones of Health Care Workers of PIMS Hospital Islamabad." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 6 (2021): 2138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211562138.
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Introduction: Mobile phones are one of the most vital telecommunication devices and are used to stay in touch with both the social and professional aspects of our lives. They have also become an important tool for the rapid delivery of information in healthcare institutions, such as hospitals. However, with many benefits of mobile phone usage, also comes the drawbacks of hospital-associated pathogens surviving on these mobile phone screens. Objectives: To determine the frequency of contamination of healthcare worker’s mobile phones by different types of microorganisms. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2020 till December 2020 at PIMS Hospital, a tertiary care hospital located in Islamabad, Pakistan. A total of 121 individual mobile phones were randomly sampled. A simple random sampling method was used. Informed consent was taken before taking a sample and a questionnaire was also utilized. Results: Among 121 samples collected from different department health workers mobile phone surfaces, 112 showed significant differences (92.56%) which were positively contaminated with microorganisms. Conclusion: To conclude, a high contamination rate of mobile phones was found with microorganisms. This could lead to serious nosocomial infections. Therefore, a standard guideline on the use of electronic devices and mobile phones should be implemented in hospitals and healthcare centres. Enforce the hygiene practices such as washing hands and cleaning mobile phones a few times a day. Keywords: Healthcare Worker, Mobile Phone, Microorganism, Contamination, Disinfectant
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Fauziah, Alia Rizki. "Bagaimana Kesejahteraan Psikologis Tenaga Kesehatan di Indonesia Selama Pandemi?" Psikoborneo: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi 10, no. 3 (2022): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo.v10i3.8470.
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This study aims to explain psychological well-being of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic based on dimensions, gender, age, profession and length of work. This study uses descriptive quantitative research methods. There are 112 participants in this study. Data analysis in this study used descriptive statistics. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the health workers who are reviewed based on male and female sex have moderate psychological well-being, health workers aged 23-35 and 36-50 years are in the moderate category. In addition, health workers who work as midwives have higher psychological well-being than other professions. Based on the length of work, health workers with 1-5 years of work have higher psychological well-being. So, it can be concluded that the psychological well-being of health workers during the COVID-19 period is moderate, especially in the dimensions of positive relationships with others, autonomy and environmental mastery. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran kesejahteraan psikologis pada tenaga kesehatan di masa pandemi covid-19 berdasarkan dimensi, jenis kelamin, usia, profesi dan lama bekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 112 tenaga kesehatan. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pada tenaga kesehatan yang ditinjau berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan memiliki kesejahteraan psikologis sedang, tenaga kesehatan dengan usia 23-35 dan 36-50 tahun berada dalam kategori sedang. Selain itu, tenaga kesehatan yang berprofesi sebagai sebagai bidan memiliki kesejejahteraan psikologis lebih tinggi dibanding profesi lainnya. Berdasarkan lama bekerja, tenaga kesehatan dengan lama bekerja 1-5 tahun memiliki kesejahteraan psikologis lebih tinggi. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesejahteraan psikologis pada tenaga kesehatan di masa covid-19 adalah sedang terutama pada dimensi hubungan positif dengan orang lain, otonomi dan penguasaan lingkungan
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "112 Health Workers"
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Harrison, Deborah Lucy Coe. "Redefining the role of 'non-professionally affiliated' workers in community mental health care : a qualitative exploration of co-worker and client relationships." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1512.
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Recent changes to UK health care policy have led to a dramatic increase in the non-professionally affiliated (NPA) workforce. Despite the growing presence and importance of NPA roles as part of the ‘drive for better value’, until recently they existed as healthcare’s ‘invisible workers’ (Thornley, 1997). The developing body of literature is at an early stage, with discussion usually confined to hospital wards and to consideration of the NPA-professional relationship. This study advances existing theory using an exploration of the subjective NPA experience within the novel context of community mental health services. Underpinned by an interpretivist, qualitative approach the findings are constructed using data from semi-structured interviews with workers (n=32) across a number of roles, teams and organisations, alongside interviews with team managers (n=5) and documentary analysis. Drawing on the concept of ‘community co-production’, the presented findings contrast discussion elsewhere by building a picture of working life characterised by professional distance rather than professional proximity. In light of high levels of lone working, autonomy and responsibility reported by workers it is argued that worker role may be more usefully defined in terms of the position relative to the client (supporter, facilitator or ambassador) than relative to the professional. The client interaction is introduced as an under-explored but central aspect of worker experience, shown to exert considerable influence both as a positive source of worker fulfilment and as a potential source of burden arising from risk, dependency and boundary issues. Attention is drawn to the influence of workplace, organisational and political context in shaping worker role and relationships. As NPA numbers continue to rise on a rapid, global scale in combination with an increasing move towards care in the community, the findings presented here raise a number of issues for researchers, managers and policy makers
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O'Loughlin, Mary. "How healthy are hairdressers? An investigation of health problems of female, Western Australian hairdressers." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2010. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/142.
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Aim: Hairdressing is a common worldwide occupation which, in Australia, comprises largely of a female workforce. Hairdressers are exposed to a range of potential health hazards in their work environment. There is a lack of current research into common health problems experienced by Australian hairdressers. This study aims to investigate health issues experienced by this occupational group, to identify potential health problems that may be associated with their work and to identify concerns for future research. Methods: A review of current literature examining the health of hairdressers was conducted to ascertain areas of health concern for hairdressers. This information was used to inform a survey to investigate the prevalence of common health problems for female, Western Australian hairdressers. The survey included a range of workplace related questions, as well as questions on common health problems sourced directly from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH). The survey was distributed to all hairdressing salons in Western Australia. The data obtained from the hairdresser group was compared to data obtained from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health data books. Additionally, some comparisons were also made to other published Australian data on women’s health. Results: Overall, working as a hairdresser impacts negatively on an individual’s health. In particular, this study found that younger hairdressers were most at risk of increased respiratory illness, musculoskeletal problems, skin conditions, bowel issues, and general poor health. Other specific areas of health concern for hairdressers include an increased use of fertility hormones and a possible increase in pelvic organ prolapse. While younger hairdressers reported a higher prevalence of common health problems than the general population cohort, mid age and older hairdressers were overall as healthy as the general population. This result may be attributable to the ‘healthy worker effect’, in which poorer health individuals, prompted by health concerns, retire from the occupation. Conclusions: Education concerning the existing risks in the workplace environment is recommended for all hairdressers. Encouragement and support for better personal health management would promote general health and well being across the industry. Younger workers are particularly identified as requiring support to manage their own health. Further health research is indicated for a range of concerns, but this research needs to be occupation specific.
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Leung-Heras, Jacqueline Marie. "Stories from the front: health care access in the U.S. and Mexico in Mexican migrant farm workers." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1012.
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Migrant farm workers experience many hardships during their time in the U.S. One major problem faced by migrant farm workers is the lack of access to and utilization of health care services. Migrant farm workers usually do not qualify for services in the U.S., and often do not have any services available to them when in Mexico. This study examined the utilization and satisfaction of health services received by migrant farm workers. A total of seven Latino migrant farm workers were interviewed. Analysis indicated each worker had utilized the health program available to them in Iowa and were satisfied with the service they received. The majority of workers reported that not having health insurance impeded the likelihood of their seeking medical services in Mexico. They were satisfied with any services they received during their time in Iowa. The findings stress the importance of providing additional prevention health services to migrant farm workers to increase access, utilization, and satisfaction with health services.
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Manz, LeaAnn Nichole. "Tomato worker ergonomics: REBA panel evaluation of job tasks using video." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/116.
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This project tested the hypothesis that non-experts' rankings of ergonomic stressors differ from those of health professionals. Tennessee ranks fifth in the production of tomatoes, an industry in which stoop labor, hand harvesting, and packing predominate. Specific parts of tomato workers' bodies are at risk of ergonomic injury such as, shoulders (loads), backs (stoop labor), lower extremities (posture), and upper extremities (repetitive motion). Of equal importance is our expectation that the scores assigned by non-experts will correlate with those of experts, leading to a community consensus for action and practical intervention research. Video footage of harvesting and sorting was analyzed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment method, revealing movements and postures likely to be injurious. A panel of 13 health professionals (“experts”) and industry personnel (“non-experts”) were assembled to rate job task video segments in tomato harvesting and packing using the REBA method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the extent to which raters agree on the major body parts at risk of cumulative trauma disorders. Agreement and variation among professional groups, as well as intra-rater variability, were assessed . The possibility of achieving consensus among various professional groups with respect to the most dangerous tasks is discussed.
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Zheng, Shimin, Eunice Mogusu, and Claudia Kozinetz. "Consequential Population Health Data: Making the Case for Prenatal Cigarette Smoking Cessation Interventions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/102.
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Holt, Nicole, Arsham Alamian, Deborah L. Slawson, and Shimin Zheng. "Child, Family, and Community Factors and the Utilization of Oral Health Services in Early Childhood." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/119.
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Access to dental care is the leading unmet health need among American children. Early access to oral health care is critical in the prevention and treatment of early childhood caries, and any barriers perceived by parents can cause delay in seeking treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine child, family, and community factors associated with the utilization of oral health services among U.S. and HRSA region IV children aged 1-5 years. The data were obtained from the 2011/2012 National Survey of Children’s Health. Descriptive statistical summaries were calculated for all independent variables grouped by child, family, and community. A caregiver was asked whether the child received dental care in the past 12 months. Multiple logistic regression analysis using an investigator driven stepwise selection methodology was conducted. Nearly half (46.7%) of caregivers in the national sample reported that their child had visited a dentist in the past 12 months, slightly fewer (46.0%; p
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Liu, Ying, Ke-Sheng Wang, Sonica Sayam, Shimin Zheng, Ying Li, and Liang Wang. "Prevalence of Diabetes and its Trend in U.S. Veterans 2005-2014." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/121.
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Background: Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. More and more people have suffered from diabetes and its serious complications including heart disease, blindness, etc. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) reported that nearly 25% of veterans, enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), have diabetes, which is much higher than the general population. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes in the U.S. veterans using the up-to-date National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data since VHA has a relatively low coverage (less than 30% of veterans each year were enrolled). Methods: Five biennial cross sectional surveys (NHANES) between 2005-2014 were used in this study. Total 2,940 veterans were included to estimate the prevalence of diabetes. Total diabetes was defined as any participant who had at least one of four conditions: (1) a hemoglobin A1c at least 6.5%, (2) fasting plasma glucose (FPG) at least 126mg/dL, (3) a 2-hour plasma glucose (PG) at least 200mg/dL, (4) diagnosed with diabetes by a doctor or other health professional. Results: The overall prevalence of total diabetes (including diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes), undiagnosed diabetes and obesity were 20.54%, 3.37% and 40.68%, respectively. The family poverty level and education were significantly associated with the presence of diabetes with p=0.005 and 0.03, respectively. Highest prevalence diabetes and obesity existed in veterans aged 65yrs and over and 45-64yrs, respectively. The overall prevalence trend of diabetes significantly increased from 15.52% (95%CI: 12.36-18.68%) in 2005-2006 to 20.54% (95%CI: 15.92-25.17%) (p=0.04 for trend test) and prevalence significantly increased in male veterans ( p=0.04) and those who did not finish high school education (p=0.04) and who had college education (p=0.03). Conclusion: In 2013-2014, the estimated prevalence of diabetes was 20.54% among U.S. veterans, with higher prevalence among participants who were 65 years old or older, and had low socioeconomics status (including less education and poverty status).
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Reddy, Keerthi C., Mary Kearns, S. Alvarez-Arango, et al. "YouTube and Food Allergy: An Appraisal of the Educational Quality of Information." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/115.
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Zheng, Shimin, Nicole Holt, Jodi L. Southerland, et al. "Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Adolescent Obesity in Tennessee Using the 2010 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) Data: An Analysis Using Weighted Hierarchical Logistic Regression." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/132.
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Background: The rate of adolescent overweight and obesity has more than quadrupled over the past few decades, and has become a major public health problem [1]. In 2011, 55% of 12-19 year olds in the United States (U.S.) were overweight or obese [2]. Adolescence is a pivotal time in which many health risk behaviors such as tobacco, alcohol, and drug use are initiated. Such health risk behaviors have been significantly associated with overweight and obesity among adolescents.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between obesity and the health risk behaviors most commonly associated with premature morbidity and mortality among adolescents with a novel micro area estimate approach that uses weighted hierarchical logistic regression to nest individuals in classes, classes in schools, and schools in districts.
Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of a state-wide representative sample of middle school students that participated in the 2010 Tennessee Middle School Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Data was collected from 119 (85.6%) of Tennessee’s local education agencies (LEAs), 456 (95.2%) schools, and 64,790 of 78,441 (82.6%) students. The outcome variable was adolescent obesity (≥ 95th BMI percentile). Explanatory variables were divided into four levels [1] district level: use seatbelt/helmet, asked to show ID for tobacco purchase; [2] school level: ever tried smoking, received HIV education in school; [3] class level: average number of days smoked, having ever exercised to lose weight; [4] individual level: having ever been in fight, early onset of substance use, physical activity, and thought about, planed, or attempted suicide. Weighted hierarchical logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between risk factors or protective factors and obesity using effect size (ES) and odds ratio (OR) estimates.
Results: The study sample included 64,790 middle school students in the state of Tennessee with a mean age of 12.8 years, of which (49.42%) were females and (50.58%) were males. Nearly one-fourth of the students had a BMI at or above the 95th percentile (22.30%). Weighted hierarchical logistic regression analysis shows that seatbelt and helmet use [ES: -2.161 OR: 0.020, 95% CI: (0.006, 0.070)], and weight misperception [ES: 1.256 OR: 9.720, 95% CI: (9.216, 10.251)], having ever exercised to lose weight [ES: -0.340 OR: 0.540, 95% CI: (0.446, 0.654)], having ever tried smoking [ES: 0.705 OR: 3.581, 95% CI: (2.637, 4.863)] and gender (male vs female) [ES: 0.327 OR: 1.810, 95% CI: (1.740, 1.880)] were strongly associated with adolescent obesity. Results from this study also showed that Black, Hispanic or Latino adolescents were more likely to be obese than Whites, Indian, and Asian adolescent [ES: 0.129 OR: 1.260, 95% CI: (1.200, 1.330)], students with grades of mostly C, D and F were more likely to be obese than those with grades of mostly A and B [ES: 0.189 OR: 1.409, 95% CI: (1.303, 1.523)], and that students having an eating disorder [ES: 0.251 OR: 1.576, 95% CI: (1.508, 1.648)] and/or engagement in sports teams [ES: -0.197 OR: 0.700, 95% CI: (0.674, 0.728)] had small or medium ES association with adolescent obesity.
Conclusion:This study uses small area estimates in weighted hierarchical logistic regression models to describe the prevalence and distribution of health risk behaviors associated with adolescent obesity among middle school student subpopulations in Tennessee. The value of small area estimates has been demonstrated previously in a variety of other contexts, and again here offers important insights for intervention design and resource allocation at different micro-levels within small and large areas (i.e., district, school, and class). This work adds to the growing body of research that supports community-driven school-based lifestyle interventions targeting early-onset chronic disease and, more specifically, enhances the geographic resolution with which adolescent obesity can be addressed in middle school populations across Tennessee.
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Reddy, Keerthi C., S. Alvarez-Arango, Apurva Bansal, et al. "YouTube and Eosinophilic Esophagitis: An Assessment of the Educational Quality of Information." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/118.
Full textBooks on the topic "112 Health Workers"
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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and the Workforce, ed. The Secret Rule: Impact of the Department of Labor's Worker Health Risk Assessment Proposal, Serial No. 110-110, September 17, 2008, 110-2 Hearing, *. s.n., 2009.
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Hong, Sun-gi. 119 Yŏsŏng kʻŭllinik: Han son e chapʻinŭn yŏsŏng ŭihak paekkwa. Tosŏ Chʻulpʻn Gŭrinbi, 1998.
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San Francisco (Calif.). Board of Supervisors. Budget Analyst. Cost analysis of the proposed ordinance on video display terminal worker safety regulations including analysis based on data provided by Service Employees International Union 790 (file 118-90-5) and additional analysis based on an amendment to the whole. Budget Analyst, 1990.
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Guidelines for Protecting the Safety and Health of Health Care Workers (Dhhs Publication Niosh Ser No 88 119). United States Government Printing, 1989.
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Mitchell, Andrew E. P., Chris Keyworth, Eduardo Salas, Federica Galli, and Elena Vegni, eds. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): The Mental Health, Resilience, and Communication Resources for the Short- and Long-term Challenges Faced by Healthcare Workers. Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88976-121-0.
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Omaswa, Francis, and Nigel Crisp. Introduction to Part 4: Making the best use of all the talents. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198703327.003.0011.
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Chapter 11 discusses the greatest shortage in Africa—skilled health workers. It provides the background in terms of numbers, distribution, and migration of health workers, and goes on to describe some of the imaginative solutions that health leaders in Africa and elsewhere have developed to tackle these shortages. It sets the scene for the following chapters in which African health leaders describe how they have dealt with these issues, whilst developing services and professional education in tandem. It concludes with a short chapter on Indigenous Knowledge Systems.
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Press, Miracle99. Health Service Manager Because Badass Miracle Worker Isn't an Official Job Title: 6x9 Inch Travel Size 110 Blank Lined Pages. Independently Published, 2019.
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Press, Miracle99. Mental Health Counselor Because Badass Miracle Worker Isn't an Official Job Title: 6x9 Inch Travel Size 110 Blank Lined Pages. Independently Published, 2019.
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Press, Miracle99. Health and Safety Engineer Because Badass Miracle Worker Isn't an Official Job Title: 6x9 Inch Travel Size 110 Blank Lined Pages. Independently Published, 2019.
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Bellosta-López, Pablo, Priscila de Brito Silva, Palle S. Jensen, et al. Recommendations for implementation of the topic musculoskeletal disorders in the occupational health and safety postgraduate programmes at European Universities. Prevent4Work, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54391/123456789/672.
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Historically, the role of professionals specialized in occupational health and safety (OHS) has emerged from the need to protect employers working in major risk industries such as nuclear plants and large-scale chemical industries in Europe. More recently, a few studies highlighted that the range of activities linked to safety management responsibilities includes monitor and prepare reports, inspection and auditing, regulatory compliance, emergency response, incident investigation, hazard and risk assessment, and training. Additionally, there are some supplementary non-safety related duties, such as including environmental responsibility. Considering that work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMD) are a major burden worldwide, adding up to 1.3 billion cases, more than 100 million years loss of disability-adjusted life years and that such disorders are common causes of disability and sick leave, this topic is highly relevant to OHS professionals. In EU Member States for which data are available, a large majority of all workers report complaints related to musculoskeletal disorders as their most serious work-related health problems. The percentage of workers reporting such complaints as their most serious health problem ranges from 40 % in Luxembourg to 70 % in Czech Republic and Finland. Furthermore, more than half of workers with musculoskeletal disorders reported taking time off work in a 12-month period. In the EU, 26 % of workers with musculoskeletal long-lasting disorders, that is lasting over 3 months, combined with other health problems report more than 8 days of absence per year. Higher Education Institutions (HEI) have a key role in disseminating and increasing accessibility to the most up-to-date evidence available regarding the impact and management of musculoskeletal disorders, to facilitate translation of knowledge to implementation in practice. This way, the Knowledge Alliance Prevent4Work for Preventing Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders has elaborated this document with the most recent and relevant knowledge within the topic. HEI that offer courses within OHS as well as graduation and post-graduation courses for health professionals that work within the area, may benefit from the recommendations presented here.
Book chapters on the topic "112 Health Workers"
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Delima, Delima, Nurhayati Nurhayati, Sri Idaiani, et al. "Effectiveness of CoronaVac Vaccine in Health Workers in Indonesia: A Case-Control Study." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference for Health Research – BRIN (ICHR 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-112-8_70.
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Iversen, Jenny, Pike Long, Alexandra Lutnick, and Lisa Maher. "Patterns and Epidemiology of Illicit Drug Use Among Sex Workers Globally: A Systematic Review." In Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64171-9_6.
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AbstractIntroduction: Sex workers who use drugs represent two distinct populations, yet programmatic and policy responses are siloed and failed to acknowledge the ways in which populations overlap and needs intersect. Although prevalence of drug use among sex workers is believed to be higher than the general population, no published estimates of global prevalence exist. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use among sex workers overall, by gender (cis, transgender, and non-binary), and sub-region.Methods: We searched electronic databases for studies measuring the prevalence of illicit drug use among sex workers from the past decade [2009–2018]. Data were combined to generate pooled prevalence and associated 95% confidence intervals of lifetime use using a random effects model. Countries were categorised into geographic sub-regions, and sub-regional pooled estimates of lifetime use among female sex workers generated and mapped.Results: Among 86 studies in 46 countries, pooled prevalence of lifetime illicit drug use among sex workers was 35% (95% CI 30–41%). There was significant diversity (I2 > 90.0%, P < 0.01), and prevalence ranged from 1.2% to 84%. Most studies reported lifetime drug use among female sex workers (32 studies from 20 countries), and pooled prevalence in this sub-group was 29% (95% CI 24–34%). Insufficient data precluded generation of estimates for male and transgender sex workers.Conclusions: Our review identified significant gaps in data quality and availability. Future research in partnership with sex workers is necessary to explore the diversity of populations and contexts in which drug use and sex work intersect, inform more accurate estimates of prevalence, identify differences in risks and exposures, and guide the creation, implementation, and evaluation of programmes and services.
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Isabekova, Gulnaz. "Sustainability of Health Assistance." In Stakeholder Relationships And Sustainability. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31990-7_3.
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AbstractThis chapter aims to provide an empirical operationalization and conceptual definition of sustainability in the context of health aid. Based on an overview of the literature on health interventions, it adapts and extends the existing frameworks to provide a comprehensive basis for analyzing this phenomenon. As sustainability may have diverse and, at times, contradictory connotations for different stakeholders, this chapter encourages a precise empirical operationalization of this term, following Iwelunmor et al. (Implementation Science, 11, 1–27, 2016). Conceptually, this chapter adopts Shediac-Rizkallah and Bone’s (Health Education Research, 13, 87–108, 1998) definition of sustainability as maintaining benefits, continuity of project activities, and building the capacity of a recipient community but extends it by further clarifying “community” and “capacity-building.” To this end, it builds on the works of Labonte and Laverack (Critical Public Health, 11(2), 111–127, 2001a, Critical Public Health, 11(2), 129–138, 2001b) and insights the author of this book gained during her fieldwork in the Kyrgyz Republic. Furthermore, acknowledging the high level of uncertainty associated with the assessment of sustainability, this chapter outlines the critical factors associated with the sustainability of health aid. These are financing; the political and economic situation in the recipient country; historical, systemic, and cultural factors pertinent to the context; and organizational factors related to the health intervention itself.
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Isabekova, Gulnaz. "Sustainability of Global Fund Grants." In Stakeholder Relationships And Sustainability. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31990-7_9.
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AbstractThis chapter analyzes the sustainability of the Global Fund grants to the Kyrgyz Republic by elaborating on the continuity of project activities, maintaining benefits, and building the capacity of a recipient community (Shediac-Rizkallah & Bone, Planning for the sustainability of community- based health programs: conceptual frameworks and future directions for research, practice and policy. Health Education Research, 13(1), 87–108. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/13.1.87, 1998). Focusing on nongovernmental organizations, it also elaborates on their leadership, mobilization of resources (Labonte & Lervack, Capacity building in health promotion, Part 1: For whom? And for what purpose? Critical Public Health, 11(2), 111–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581590110039838, 2001a; Capacity building in health promotion, Part 2: Whose use? And with what measurement? Critical Public Health, 11(2), 129–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581590110039847, 2001b), and survival beyond the Global Fund’s support. The chapter describes tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS-related grants and shows how they contributed to national efforts against the two diseases. In addition to increasing the number of nongovernmental organizations, the grants also extended the coverage and the types of prevention and treatment services available in the country. This chapter discusses the commitments the government has already made concerning these activities and outlines the factors affecting its ability to fulfill them. These include the epidemiological situation, political environment, procurement opportunities, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and so on. Furthermore, this chapter discusses the extent to which the government is taking over the benefits grants stipulated to patients affected by tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS and health care workers working in these areas. Finally, this chapter discusses the leadership of nongovernmental organizations, their survival beyond the Global Fund’s support, and their mobilization of resources, also by means of social contracting.
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Quinlan, Michael. "Subcontracting, Repeat Latent Failures and Workplace Disasters." In SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35163-1_3.
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AbstractSubcontracting, the subletting of work tasks creating a hierarchy of contractual relationships (especially multi-tiered subcontracting), is a centuries-old form of work organisation but has grown substantially since the mid-1970s, including Uber-type arrangements facilitated by digital surveillance and platforms and global supply chains (Nossar in The regulation and management of workplace health and safety: historical and emerging trends, 100–122, 2020). Evidence that subcontracting arrangements can exacerbate health and safety risks (including injury rates, exposures to harmful substances and worker mental wellbeing) is also not new, being extensively documented by government reports and research from the late nineteenth century (see for example Gregson and Quinlan in Labor Hist. 62:534–550, 2020; Quinlan in Int. J. Health Serv. 43:721–744, 2013; Quinlan et al. in Saf. Sci. 57:283–292, 2013)). This paper focuses on the connection between subcontracting and workplace disasters, how to understand their causation and what remedial measures can be taken to minimise such incidents. To do this, it draws on the Pressure, Disorganisation and Regulatory Failure (PDR) model (Bohle et al. in Work Stress 29:114–127, 2015) and the Ten Pathways framework for analysing death and disaster (Quinlan in Ten pathways to death and disaster: learning from fatal incidents in mines and other high hazard workplaces, Federation Press, Sydney, 2014).
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Preti, Sara, and Enrico di Bella. "Gender Equality as EU Strategy." In Social Indicators Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41486-2_4.
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AbstractGender equality is an increasingly topical issue, but it has deep historical roots. The principle of gender equality found its legitimacy, even if limited to salary, in the 1957 Treaty of Rome, establishing the European Economic Community (EEC). This treaty, in Article 119, sanctioned the principle of equal pay between male and female workers. The EEC continued to protect women’s rights in the 1970s through equal opportunity policies. These policies referred, first, to the principle of equal treatment between men and women regarding education, access to work, professional promotion, and working conditions (Directive 75/117/EEC); second, to the principle of equal pay for male and female workers (Directive 76/207/EEC); and finally, enshrined the principle of equal treatment between men and women in matters of social security (Directive 79/7/EEC). Since the 1980s, several positive action programmes have been developed to support the role of women in European society. Between 1982 and 2000, four multiyear action programmes were implemented for equal opportunities. The first action programme (1982–1985) called on the Member States, through recommendations and resolutions by the Commission, to disseminate greater knowledge of the types of careers available to women, encourage the presence of women in decision-making areas, and take measures to reconcile family and working life. The second action programme (1986–1990) proposed interventions related to the employment of women in activities related to new technologies and interventions in favour of the equal distribution of professional, family, and social responsibilities (Sarcina, 2010). The third action programme (1991–1995) provided an improvement in the condition of women in society by raising public awareness of gender equality, the image of women in mass media, and the participation of women in the decision-making process at all levels in all areas of society. The fourth action programme (1996–2000) strengthened the existing regulatory framework and focused on the principle of gender mainstreaming, a strategy that involves bringing the gender dimension into all community policies, which requires all actors in the political process to adopt a gender perspective. The strategy of gender mainstreaming has several benefits: it places women and men at the heart of policies, involves both sexes in the policymaking process, leads to better governance, makes gender equality issues visible in mainstream society, and, finally, considers the diversity among women and men. Among the relevant interventions of the 1990s, it is necessary to recall the Treaty of Maastricht (1992) which guaranteed the protection of women in the Agreement on Social Policy signed by all Member States (except for Great Britain), and the Treaty of Amsterdam (1997), which formally recognised gender mainstreaming. The Treaty of Amsterdam includes gender equality among the objectives of the European Union (Article 2) and equal opportunity policies among the activities of the European Commission (Article 3). Article 13 introduces the principle of non-discrimination based on gender, race, ethnicity, religion, or handicaps. Finally, Article 141 amends Article 119 of the EEC on equal treatment between men and women in the workplace. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the Nice Union of 2000 reaffirms the prohibition of ‘any discrimination based on any ground such as sex’ (Art. 21.1). The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union also recognises, in Article 23, the principle of equality between women and men in all areas, including employment, work, and pay. Another important intervention of the 2000s is the Lisbon strategy, also known as the Lisbon Agenda or Lisbon Process. It is a reform programme approved in Lisbon by the heads of state and governments of the member countries of the EU. The goal of the Lisbon strategy was to make the EU the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy by 2010. To achieve this goal, the strategy defines fields in which action is needed, including equal opportunities for female work. Another treaty that must be mentioned is that of Lisbon in 2009, thanks to which previous treaties, specifically the Treaty of Maastricht and the Treaty of Rome, were amended and brought together in a single document: the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Thanks to the Lisbon Treaty, the Charter of Fundamental Rights has assumed a legally binding character (Article 6, paragraph 1 of the TEU) both for European institutions and for Member States when implementing EU law. The Treaty of Lisbon affirms the principle of equality between men and women several times in the text and places it among the values and objectives of the union (Articles 2 and 3 of the TEU). Furthermore, the Treaty, in Art. 8 of the TFEU, states that the Union’s actions are aimed at eliminating inequalities, as well as promoting equality between men and women, while Article 10 of the TFEU provides that the Union aims to ‘combat discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age, or sexual orientation’. Concerning the principle of gender equality in the workplace, the Treaty, in Article 153 of the TFEU, asserts that the Union pursues the objective of equality between men and women regarding labour market opportunities and treatment at work. On the other hand, Article 157 of the TFEU confirms the principle of equal pay for male and female workers ‘for equal work or work of equal value’. On these issues, through ordinary procedures, the European Parliament and the Council may adopt appropriate measures aimed at defending the principle of equal opportunities and equal treatment for men and women. The Lisbon Treaty also includes provisions relating to the fight against trafficking in human beings, particularly women and children (Article 79 of the TFEU), the problem of domestic violence against women (Article 8 of the TFEU), and the right to paid maternity leave (Article 33). Among the important documents concerning gender equality is the Roadmap (2006–2010). In 2006, the European Commission proposed the Roadmap for equality between women and men, in addition to the priorities on the agenda, the objectives, and tools necessary to achieve full gender equality. The Roadmap defines six priority areas, each of which is associated with a set of objectives and actions that makes it easier to achieve them. The priorities include equal economic independence for women and men, reconciliation of private and professional life, equal representation in the decision-making process, eradication of all forms of gender-based violence, elimination of stereotypes related to gender, and promotion of gender equality in external and development policies. The Commission took charge of the commitments included in the Roadmap, which were indirectly implemented by the Member States through the principle of subsidiarity and the competencies provided for in the Treaties (Gottardi, 2013). The 2006–2010 strategy of the European Commission is based on a dual approach: on the one hand, the integration of the gender dimension in all community policies and actions (gender mainstreaming), and on the other, the implementation of specific measures in favour of women aimed at eliminating inequalities. In 2006, the European Council approved the European Pact for Gender Equality which originated from the Roadmap. The European Pact for Gender Equality identified three macro areas of intervention: measures to close gender gaps and combat gender stereotypes in the labour market, measures to promote a better work–life balance for both women and men, and measures to strengthen governance through the integration of the gender perspective into all policies. In 2006, Directive 2006/54/EC of the European Parliament and Council regulated equal opportunities and equal treatment between male and female workers. Specifically, the Directive aims to implement the principle of equal treatment related to access to employment, professional training, and promotion; working conditions, including pay; and occupational social security approaches. On 21 September 2010, the European Commission adopted a new strategy to ensure equality between women and men (2010–2015). This new strategy is based on the experience of Roadmap (2006–2010) and resumes the priority areas identified by the Women’s Charter: equal economic independence, equal pay, equality in decision-making, the eradication of all forms of violence against women, and the promotion of gender equality and women’s empowerment beyond the union. The 2010–2015 Strategic Plan aims to improve the position of women in the labour market, but also in society, both within the EU and beyond its borders. The new strategy affirms the principle that gender equality is essential to supporting the economic growth and sustainable development of each country. In 2010, the validity of the Lisbon Strategy ended, the objectives of which were only partially achieved due to the economic crisis. To overcome this crisis, the Commission proposed a new strategy called Europe 2020, in March 2010. The main aim of this strategy is to ensure that the EU’s economic recovery is accompanied by a series of reforms that will increase growth and job creation by 2020. Specifically, Europe’s 2020 strategy must support smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth. To this end, the EU has established five goals to be achieved by 2020 and has articulated the different types of growth (smart, sustainable, and inclusive) in seven flagship initiatives. Among the latter, the initiative ‘an agenda for new skills and jobs’, in the context of inclusive growth, is the one most closely linked to gender policies and equal opportunities; in fact, it substantially aims to increase employment rates for women, young, and elderly people. The strategic plan for 2010–2015 was followed by a strategic commitment in favour of gender equality 2016–2019, which again emphasises the five priority areas defined by the previous plan. Strategic commitment, which contributes to the European Pact for Gender Equality (2011–2020), identifies the key actions necessary to achieve objectives for each priority area. In March 2020, the Commission presented a new strategic plan for equality between women and men for 2020–2025. This strategy defines a series of political objectives and key actions aimed at achieving a ‘union of equality’ by 2025. The main objectives are to put an end to gender-based violence and combat sexist stereotypes, ensure equal opportunities in the labour market and equal participation in all sectors of the economy and political life, solve the problem of the pay and pension gap, and achieve gender equality in decision-making and politics. From the summary of the regulatory framework presented, for the European Economic Community first, then for the European Community, and finally for the European Union, gender equality has always been a fundamental value. Interest in the issues of the condition of women and equal opportunities has grown over time and during the process of European integration, moving from a perspective aimed at improving the working conditions of women to a new dimension to improve the life of the woman as a person, trying to protect her not only professionally but also socially, and in general in all those areas in which gender inequality may occur. The approach is extensive and based on legislation, the integration of the gender dimension into all policies, and specific measures in favour of women. From the non-exhaustive list of the various legislative interventions, it is possible to note a continuous repetition of the same thematic priorities which highlights, on the one hand, the poor results achieved by the implementation of the policies, but, on the other hand, the Commission’s willingness to pursue the path initially taken. Among the achievements in the field of gender equality obtained by the EU, there is certainly an increase in the number of women in the labour market and the acquisition of better education and training. Despite progress, gender inequalities have persisted. Even though women surpass men in terms of educational attainment, gender gaps still exist in employment, entrepreneurship, and public life (OECD, 2017). For example, in the labour market, women continue to be overrepresented in the lowest-paid sectors and underrepresented in top positions (according to the data released in the main companies of the European Union, women represent only 8% of CEOs).
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A, Thamburaj. "Chapter-112 Epilepsyؐathophysiology and Principles of Management." In Textbook for Health Workers and ANM Volume 1 and 2. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11291_112.
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Skinner, H. Catherine W., Malcolm Ross, and Clifford Frondel. "Health Effects of Inorganic Fibers." In Asbestos and Other Fibrous Materials. Oxford University Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195039672.003.0006.
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It has become fashionable to start discussions of disease related to fibrous inorganic materials by referring to Pliny the Younger (A.D. 61-114), who commented in a letter on the sickness of slaves who worked with asbestos. His observation was forgotten, as evidenced by the fact that during the Middle Ages, Paracelsus (1493–1541) as well as Agricola (1494–1556) wrote extensively on “miner’s disease” without mentioning asbestos. Later, Zenker (1867) coined the word pneumo(no)coniosis to describe the diseases endemic to coal and iron miners. Differential diagnosis of the pulmonary disorders, tuberculosis, silicosis, pneumonia, and other lung disease was attempted thereafter, although the varieties were often confused even by experienced physicians. The industry that provided asbestos to modern society started at about this same time (in the 1870s). The first indication of pulmonary disorder in an asbestos worker came in an autopsy report of fibrosis by Dr. Montague- Murray at Charing Cross Hospital, London, in 1899–1900 (Peters and Peters, 1980). By 1902 asbestos was included in the list of dusts considered injurious by the Lady Inspector of Factories, Adelaide Anderson (Oliver, 1902). Auribault (1906) appears to have been the first to note high mortality in workers in an asbestos mill and weaving establishment, but he attributed their illness to calcium carbonate dust rather than asbestos. Scarpa (1908) believed the pulmonary disease of 30 asbestos workers was caused by tuberculosis, and Fahr (1914), who published the case of a female asbestos worker who died of “pleuro-pneumonia . . . with a large number of crystals in pulmonary tissue of a peculiar nature,” was clearly somewhat mystified at the presence of nonbiological materials. It was Cooke (1924, 1927, 1929) who first defined asbestos as a specific etiologic agent in pulmonary fibrosis. He described extensive fibrosis with thickened pleura and adhesions to the chest wall and pericardium in asbestos workers and noted the presence of abundant mineral matter (“curious bodies”), but also tubercular lesions. The term asbestosis was used in the 1927 publication. Pancoast and Pendergrass (1925) argued that the fibrosis seen in asbestos workers was a result of ad-mixed silica and an expression of “asbestosilicosis,” signifying uncertain etiology of the observed symptoms, a view that survivied into the 1930s (Lynch and Smith, 1935).
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Kassah, Bente Lilljan Lind, Hilde Nordahl-Pedersen, and Wivi-Ann Tingvoll1. "Utøvelse av ledelse i kommunale sykehjem – handlingsrommets betydning." In Handlingsrom for profesjonalisert velferd. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.114.ch6.
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Leaders of municipal nursing homes face challenges when they seek to secure a balance between the quality demands of authorities and the services they provide. In this chapter, we present a qualitative study on the leadership challenges in the municipal nursing homes. The aim is to develop knowledge on leadership challenges and the managerial discretions leaders employ to address the challenges. We interviewed seven middle-level leaders in five nursing homes in three medium-sized Norwegian municipalities using semi-structured interviews. The study revealed challenges connected to temporal nursing home placements made permanent, the time-consuming nature of the search for substitute workers, and the need to improve worker attitudes towards substitute workers’ experience-based knowledge. Attitude change is necessary because different forms of knowledge have different statuses in the nursing homes. The study shows that the leaders seek to meet the challenges connected to nursing home placements by establishing teams of professionals, while they try to persuade the Specialist Health Services to take over the responsibilities for the patients in transition. To meet the substitute worker challenge, the leaders use subjective managerial discretions to develop different strategies, including establishing substitute worker bases, substitute worker lists and delegation of substitute worker search. The leaders promote attitude change by stressing the importance of the substitute workers’ experience-based knowledge in both formal and informal contexts and implementing concrete competence measures. The study indicates that leaders who use subjective managerial discretions save time that they employ to create a balance between different leadership functions. The use of managerial discretions by leaders may affect the learning and organizational changes in nursing homes.
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Horney, Jennifer A. "Mental Health Impacts on Other Essential Workers." In COVID-19, Frontline Responders and Mental Health: A Playbook for Delivering Resilient Public Health Systems Post-Pandemic. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80262-115-020231013.
Full textConference papers on the topic "112 Health Workers"
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Utu, Ilie, Nicolae Daniel Fita, Marius Daniel Marcu, Florin Muresan-Grecu, and Adrian Mihai Schiopu. "OCCUPATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT IN 400/220/110/20 KV PORTILE DE FIER POWER SUBSTATION FROM ROMANIA." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s21.72.
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Regardless of its type and size, any organization is faced with risks that can affect the achievement of its objectives in terms of activities, strategic initiatives, operations, processes and projects, with different consequences on strategic, operational, financial results and image and reputation. All activities of an organization involve risks, and risk management is the process of substantiating the decision, by taking into account the effects of uncertainty on the materialization of objectives and determining the necessary measures and actions. The process involves the use of logical and systematic methods for continuous communication-consultation, context-setting, identification, analysis, evaluation and treatment of risks associated with any activities, processes, functions, products, services or values, monitoring and risk review. Any work environment must be safe and healthy, and this is not always the case for too many workers. Every day many examples of workers whose health is exposed to the action of risk factors include dust, gaseous noxies, vibrations and extreme temperatures. The primary aim of this study is to assess and quantify the occupational risks at the 400/220/110/20 kV Portile de Fier power substation in Romania, identifying key risk factors and proposing measures to mitigate them. The assessment is carried out using the National Research and Development Institute of Occupational Safety � NRDIOS Bucharest method, in order to establish the risk/safety levels in a quantitative manner, based on a systemic analysis and on the assessment of risks of accidents and professional diseases. The role of Occupational Risks Assessment for power substation at very high voltage is to generate the national economy electricity, well-being, and safety work and health environment, workers and workplaces secured, and security of industrial and power process, in order to optimally operate the national economy and ensure energy security. This involves multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledge from the authors: power substation, safety work, energy security and risk management (assessment).
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Arrandale, Victoria H., Paul Demers, Colin Berriault, Leon Genesove, Nathan DeBono, and Chaojie Song. "RF-112 Asbestos-related disease in the Ontario Asbestos Workers Register." In 28th International Symposium on Epidemiology in Occupational Health (EPICOH 2021). BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2021-epi.381.
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Samardžić, Selena, and Robert Lakatoš. "STRATEGIES FOR INDUSTRY: ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS IN NOISE CONTROL AND RISK MANAGEMENT." In INTERNATIONAL Conference on Business, Management, and Economics Engineering Future-BME. Faculty of Technical Sciences, Novi Sad, 2025. https://doi.org/10.24867/future-bme-2024-112.
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Implementing comprehensive noise management plans in every organisation is not just a task; it is also a responsibility to maintain a productive and healthy atmosphere in the work environment. By upholding minimal noise exposure levels, we directly contribute to safeguarding workers' health and well-being, a mission that should drive our every action. Many studies have confirmed that, nowadays, exposure to noise at the workplace is, in most cases, above the proposed level. On the other hand, employees are also exposed to other physical stressors whose minimal variations affect productive capacity, social relations and employee health. In the context of Industry 5.0, it is crucial to adopt strategies that prioritise the well-being and comfort of employees. This human-centred approach enhances potency and fosters a sense of added value for workers, making them an integral part of an organization which improves resilience and a broader focus on sustainability. The paper analyses noise across 13 different industries, particularly emphasising the excessive sound pressure levels experienced by workers. It also delves into the critical values of 1/3 octave frequency that might harm different aspects of workers' health. In addition to this, worker satisfaction in standard and open-plan offices will also be considered. Particular emphasis will be placed on exploring diverse engineering solutions to minimise noise exposure, alongside conducting risk assessments in scenarios where preventive protection measures are not implemented for specific reasons.
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Joshi, SV, and SK Joshi. "112 Injuries and musculoskeletal disorders among young workers in the brick kilns of nepal." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.765.
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Schuster, M., M. Claus, S. Webendörfer, and C. Oberlinner. "253 The association of age and chronotype in day and rotating shift workers of a large german chemical company." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.112.
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Mohamed, Noor, Ali Abutiheen, Hasan Baiee, and Baidaa Selman. "Knowledge and Attitudes of Resident Physicians Regarding Communication Skills in Holy Karbala Governorate." In 5th International Conference on Biomedical and Health Sciences. Cihan University-Erbil, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2024/paper.1322.
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Communication is an important skill that should be learned by physicians and the health sector workers. A physician's communication skills include the ability to collect information to reach for definitive diagnosis, appropriate management, instructions about lifestyle modification. Good communication enhances the doctor-patient relationship, increasing the satisfaction of the patient. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge and attitudes of resident physicians about communication skills, and the correlates. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the resident physician’s knowledge and their attitudes from March 1st to April 20th, 2020. A semi structured self – administered online questionnaire was prepared by the researchers and delivered to 264 physicians enrolled in this study. The questionnaire consists of six sections that include demographic characteristics, educational items, knowledge domain, attitude domain, barriers, and open questions. Results: Only 185 physicians were responded to this survey with a response rate of 70%, among them 112(60.5%) were females and 73(39.5%) were males, the female to male ratio was 1.5:1, The overall knowledge score of residents about communication was fair, 58.4% had good knowledge score and 36.8% had a very good score. About 70.8% of residents exposed to training courses in communication skills. There is no statistically significant association between the mean knowledge score and gender of participants p>0.05. There is significant association between the mean knowledge score with the positive attitudes score p<0.05. Conclusions: Resident physicians in Karbala had good knowledge in communication skills and positive attitude toward these skills. Residents’ physicians had the desire to attend more training courses despite a good knowledge score.
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Bigaignon-Fanchette, J., Laurence Mathieu, and Joel Blomet. "1739a Migrant workers of the health sector." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1512.
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Castro-Fernández, S., E. Abecia, JS Stocks, and B. Martínez-Jarreta. "1142 Accessing occupational health information – the spanish worker’s perspective." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1094.
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Мусина, А. А., and Е. Б. Ломакина. "Reproductive health of workers according to the questionnaire "Kazakhstan-Temir Zholy»." In Modern problems of occupational medicine: The all-Russian scientific-practical conference devoted to the 80th anniversary of academician N.H. Amirov. Kazan state medical University; FSBSI “RIOH”, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/978-5-6042929-0-7-2019-1-119-121.
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Lee, Se-Young, Jun-Pyo Myong, HyoungRyoul Kim, Youn-Mo Cho, and Mo-Yeol Kang. "1068 Musculoskeletal pain predicts ill-health retirement among korean workers." In 32nd Triennial Congress of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH), Dublin, Ireland, 29th April to 4th May 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.114.
Full textReports on the topic "112 Health Workers"
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Dorman, Eleanor, Zara Markovic-Obiago, Julie Phillips, Richard Szydlo, and Darren K. Patten. Wellbeing in UK Frontline Healthcare Workers During Peaks One and Three of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis. Science Repository, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.ejgm.2022.01.01.
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Background: COVID-19 had a huge impact on the wellbeing of healthcare workers (HCWs). This is well documented during the first peak of the pandemic. With cases in the UK rising for a third peak, hospitalisations and deaths surpassing the first, there is very little known about the mental health of HCWs during this time. Methods: Using a questionnaire, data was collected from patient-facing staff at Barking, Havering, and Redbridge University Trust to quantify and compare the period prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD during the first peak (P1: March-May 2020) and third peak (P3: December 2020-Feburary 2021) of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as wellbeing service use, demographics of responders and what they found most difficult during the peaks. Results: Of 158 responders, only 22·4% felt they had enough access to wellbeing services during P1 and 21·5% in P3. Of those who used wellbeing services 34·4% found them useful in P1 and 34·6% in P3. 70·3% of responders felt that not enough was done for staff wellbeing. The median anxiety score decreased from P1 (10(range 5-17)) to P3 (8(range 4-16)) p=0·031. Under 30-year-olds’ depression and PTSD scores increased from P1 to P3 (depression: P1 7(1-11), P3 8(3-14), p=0·048, PTSD: P1 4(0-7) peak 3 5(2-9), p=0·037). Several groups showed a decrease in anxiety scores from P1 to P3 including; over 30-year-olds (P1 10(5-17), P3 7(3-15) p=0·002), BME responders (P1 8(3·75-15) P3 6·5(1-12) p=0·006), AHP (P1 14(7-19), P3 11(5-19) p=0·005), ITU workers (P1 15(8-18·25) P3 12(5·75-18·25) p=0·004), and those who were redeployed (P1 8(5-18·25), P3 5(2-14·75), p=0·032). Conclusion: We have observed changes in mental health symptoms within the study population as the peaks of the pandemic continue. With the majority of responders reporting they felt not enough had been done for their wellbeing support - and of those who used the wellbeing services only around 1/3 felt they were useful - we hope that this paper can help inform wellbeing provision and identify groups at higher risk of developing mental health symptoms.
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Hartoto, Annisa Sabrina, and Ken M. P. Setiawan. Membuka Jalan untuk Pembangunan Inklusif Gender di Daerah Perdesaan Indonesia: Bunga Rampai Kajian Aksi Kolektif Perempuan dan Pengaruhnya pada Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Desa [Forging Pathways for Gender-inclusive Development in Rural Indonesia: Case Studies of Women’s Collective Action and Influence on Village Law Implementation]. Edited by Amalinda Savirani and Rachael Diprose. University of Melbourne with Universitas Gadjah Mada and MAMPU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124328.
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An edited volume (180K) of 12 analysis case studies (what we call stories of change - SOCs but these are village/region stories not individual stories). The case studies draw on multiple sources of data. These were originally written in Bahasa Indonesia, with abstracts in both English and Bahasa Indonesia. The volume also has an introductory analysis article that has its own analysis and illustrates core points from the case studies – separate and citable (see below). Case studies are organised by the five sectoral themes of the work covered by CSOs (e.g. supporting migrant workers, targeting reproductive health and nutrition, targeting social protection, targeting reductions in domestic and other gender-based violence, and support for informal sector workers who work at home).
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Hartoto, Annisa Sabrina, and Ken M. P. Setiawan. Membuka Jalan untuk Pembangunan Inklusif Gender di Daerah Perdesaan Indonesia: Bunga Rampai Kajian Aksi Kolektif Perempuan dan Pengaruhnya pada Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Desa [Forging Pathways for Gender-inclusive Development in Rural Indonesia: Case Studies of Women’s Collective Action and Influence on Village Law Implementation]. Edited by Amalinda Savirani and Rachael Diprose. University of Melbourne with Universitas Gadjah Mada and MAMPU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124328.
Full textAbstract:
An edited volume (180K) of 12 analysis case studies (what we call stories of change - SOCs but these are village/region stories not individual stories). The case studies draw on multiple sources of data. These were originally written in Bahasa Indonesia, with abstracts in both English and Bahasa Indonesia. The volume also has an introductory analysis article that has its own analysis and illustrates core points from the case studies – separate and citable (see below). Case studies are organised by the five sectoral themes of the work covered by CSOs (e.g. supporting migrant workers, targeting reproductive health and nutrition, targeting social protection, targeting reductions in domestic and other gender-based violence, and support for informal sector workers who work at home).
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Price, Roz. Informality and Marginalised Groups in Crisis Response. Institute of Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2023.002.
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The Covid-19 pandemic had ripple effects that extend beyond the domain of health risks into economic, social, and political domains. These effects were not evenly distributed and exacerbated existing societal inequalities and marginalisation (UNDRR and UNU-EHS 2022: 11). Informal and migrant workers, and those living in informal settlements, were disproportionately affected by the health and secondary impacts of the pandemic, which further impacted their livelihoods and ability to meet basic needs, and constrained their ability to recover given the coping mechanisms they had to adopt (Chen et al. 2022: 19). At the same time, successful disaster risk reduction (DRR) often depends on informal actors and networks (Boersma et al. 2019). Limitations of formal disaster governance mechanisms have been much discussed, with shortcomings being largely connected to the lack of (local) knowledge, contextual understanding, incentives, coordination mechanisms, or flexibility, as well as focusing on infrastructural and technocratic solutions over engaging with existing local resources (Duda , Kelman and Glick 2020: 375). Despite this, short-term, single-hazard disaster management approaches still dominate (Donoghoe et al. 2022). Research supported by the Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) Programme – which is supported by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) – points to the need for special provisions addressing current and future challenges of informal workers in disaster response (Pillai et al. 2022b). This requires not only including informal workers in Covid-19 recovery policies, but also centring them in economic, social, and disaster policy (Alfers et al. 2022). Certain actions need to be prioritised, including the need for better data, a rethinking of policies to ensure they encompass gender considerations and social protection measures that are inclusive of informal and migrant workers, and greater recognition of the important role that grass-roots organisations play in supporting marginalised groups in times of crisis.
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Stall, Nathan M., Allison McGeer, Antonina Maltsev, et al. The Impact of the Speed of Vaccine Rollout on COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in Ontario Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.08.1.0.
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Key Message Accelerating the rollout of Ontario’s COVID-19 vaccine such that all LTC residents receive the first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine by January 31, 2021, would prevent a projected 600 COVID-19 cases and 115 deaths by March 31, 2021 when compared with the province’s current plan to vaccinate all LTC residents by February 15, 2021. Projections indicate that further acceleration of the rollout would prevent even more COVID-19 cases and deaths. If vaccine supply is limited, the early provision of first doses of a COVID-19 vaccine to LTC home residents is likely to be more beneficial than the on-schedule provision of second doses to health care workers outside of LTC homes. All LTC residents should receive the second dose according to approved vaccination schedules.
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Patnode, Carrie D., Nora B. Henrikson, Elizabeth M. Webber, Paula R. Blasi, Caitlyn A. Senger, and Janelle M. Guirguis-Blake. Breastfeeding and Health Outcomes for Infants and Children. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2025. https://doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcsrbreastfeeding.
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Objectives. To review the evidence on the association between breastfeeding and infant and child health outcomes, including the extent to which these associations vary by the intensity, duration, mode, and source of breastmilk consumption. In this review, breastfeeding refers to feeding breastmilk whether directly from the breast or other means and includes breastmilk from pasteurized donor milk. Data sources. Systematic literature searches in MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL for English-language articles published from 2006 to August 14, 2024. We identified additional studies from reference lists and technical experts. Review methods. We worked with our sponsor and a panel of technical experts to identify the outcomes of interest for this review. The evidence for more than 20 outcomes was synthesized, including outcomes related to infectious diseases, asthma and allergic conditions, oral health, autoimmune gastrointestinal conditions, endocrine conditions, cardiovascular disease (CVD), childhood cancer, cognitive development, and infant mortality. We relied on existing systematic reviews (ESRs) for all outcomes and conducted bridge searches for newer primary studies since the search date of the most recent and relevant ESR. Studies were evaluated for eligibility and quality, and data were abstracted on study design, demographics, breastfeeding exposures and referents, and outcomes. We synthesized the evidence by outcome, summarizing the results of ESRs alongside those of newer primary studies. No meta-analyses were conducted given the combination of ESR and primary study evidence and heterogeneity in exposures and outcomes; but figures were created to visually display point estimates across studies. Results. A total of 29 ESRs and 145 primary studies were included. The cumulative number of studies included for each outcome varied from only 4 studies examining the relationship between breastfeeding and type 2 diabetes to more than 180 studies reporting on the relationship between breastfeeding and obesity-related outcomes. We rated the strength of evidence as “Low” or “Moderate” for most outcomes, given limitations of the underlying evidence base, along with concerns related to heterogeneity of the study designs, and the consistency and precision of results. An association indicating a reduced risk from “more” versus “less” breastfeeding was most apparent for otitis media, asthma, obesity in childhood, and childhood leukemia. A protective association of breastfeeding was also found for severe respiratory and gastrointestinal infections in younger children, allergic rhinitis, malocclusion, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, rapid weight gain and growth, systolic blood pressure, and infant mortality, including sudden unexpected infant death, although our confidence in these findings was lower. There was no apparent association for the outcomes of atopic dermatitis, celiac disease, and cognitive ability. An association indicating an increased risk of dental caries was noted for breastfeeding 12 months or longer. There was insufficient evidence to draw conclusions about the relationship with food allergies and type 2 diabetes and no data on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or CVD endpoint outcomes (i.e., events or mortality). While nearly all outcomes had evidence on ever (versus never) breastfeeding, exclusive (versus nonexclusive or no) breastfeeding, and longer durations (versus shorter or no) of any or exclusive breastfeeding, the exposure comparisons and categorizations reported in the ESRs and primary evidence made it extremely difficult to examine the nuances of these relationships. There was no clear “threshold” of breastfeeding that appeared to be most beneficial for any outcome. Furthermore, there were little data on how the relationships varied by mode of breastfeeding or source of breastmilk. Conclusions. Breastfeeding is associated with beneficial effects for several infant and child outcomes, although there are limitations to the data that preclude high certainty in the findings. Further research that addresses the limitations of existing studies is needed to continue to inform national guidelines and initiatives.
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Thompson, Joseph. How WASH Programming has Adapted to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.001.
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Since first appearing at the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread at a pace and scale not seen before. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic. A rapid response was called for, and actors across the globe worked quickly to develop sets of preventative measures to contain the disease. One mode of transmission identified early on in the crisis was via surfaces and objects (fomites) (Howard et al. 2020). To combat this, hand hygiene was put forward as a key preventative measure and heralded as ‘the first line of defence against the disease’ (World Bank 2020). What followed was an unprecedented global focus on handwashing with soap. Health messages on how germs spread, the critical times at which hands should be washed, and methods for correct handwashing were shared (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2020). Political leaders around the world promoted handwashing and urged people to adopt the practice to protect against the coronavirus. The primary and secondary impacts of COVID-19 have affected people and industries in a variety of different ways. For the WASH sector, the centring of handwashing in the pandemic response has led to a sudden spike in hygiene activity. This SLH Rapid Topic Review takes stock of some of the cross-cutting challenges the sector has been facing during this period and explores the adaptations that have been made in response. It then looks forwards, thinking through what lies ahead for the sector, and considers the learning priorities for the next steps.
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Thompson, Joseph. How WASH Programming has Adapted to the COVID-19 Pandemic. The Sanitation Learning Hub, Institute of Development Studies, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.0015.
Full textAbstract:
Since first appearing at the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread at a pace and scale not seen before. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic. A rapid response was called for, and actors across the globe worked quickly to develop sets of preventative measures to contain the disease. One mode of transmission identified early on in the crisis was via surfaces and objects (fomites) (Howard et al. 2020). To combat this, hand hygiene was put forward as a key preventative measure and heralded as ‘the first line of defence against the disease’ (World Bank 2020). What followed was an unprecedented global focus on handwashing with soap. Health messages on how germs spread, the critical times at which hands should be washed, and methods for correct handwashing were shared (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2020). Political leaders around the world promoted handwashing and urged people to adopt the practice to protect against the coronavirus. The primary and secondary impacts of COVID-19 have affected people and industries in a variety of different ways. For the WASH sector, the centring of handwashing in the pandemic response has led to a sudden spike in hygiene activity. This SLH Rapid Topic Review takes stock of some of the cross-cutting challenges the sector has been facing during this period and explores the adaptations that have been made in response. It then looks forwards, thinking through what lies ahead for the sector, and considers the learning priorities for the next steps.
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Porter, Joanne, Sambath My, Megan Simic, et al. Evaluation of the new wave Gippsland capacity building project: evaluation 2023-2024. Federation University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35843/enwgcbpe24.
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Funded by the Australian Government National Disability Insurance Agency (NDIA) Information, Linkages and Capacity Building (ILC) grant, the New Wave Gippsland Capacity Building Project aimed to build capacity and develop skills, knowledge, and abilities of people with an intellectual disability, acquired brain injury (ABI) or complex communication in the Gippsland region. The key element of this project was the engagement, training, and support of Peer Educators in developing and delivering the Sexual Lives & Respectful Relationships (SL&RR) program and network in Gippsland. It also aimed to engage with community professionals from the sexual assault, community development and advocacy sectors to participate in violence and abuse prevention and respectful relationships education, training, and community work. SL&RR is an ecological model of violence and abuse prevention that has people with an intellectual disability at the centre. It utilises a community development approach that works from the individual out to society and systems that impact the experiences of safety and well-being in relationships and communities. The model has been co-developed by people with intellectual disabilities and is co-facilitated by people with intellectual disabilities in partnership with community professionals in the sexual assault sector. The SL&RR model provided the opportunity for GCASA to engage in dialogue with people with an intellectual disability, ABI, or complex communication, who are impacted significantly by sexual violence to contribute to the knowledge of people with intellectual disabilities around their rights to relationships which are free from violence. To coordinate the SL&RR program and support New Wave Gippsland (NWG), a Project Coordinator and a Program Developer were appointed. To deliver the program, employment opportunities for self-advocates to deliver education and build community capacity in relation to disability awareness were provided. The program aimed to undertake the following activities: • Build the capacity of the Gippsland SL&RR network to engage with people with an intellectual disability, ABI, LGBTIQA+ people with disability, community health and sexual assault professionals and services across a wider scope in Gippsland. • Deliver the SL&RR program including the new ABI and LGBTIQ+ programs, in Central and East Gippsland • Promote the Gippsland SL&RR network through free information / professional development sessions for the health, community, and disability sectors. Conduct sessions and engage Peer Educators as co-presenters. • Increase social and economic participation by Peer Educators/self-advocates employed through NWG and include paid work for up to 12 Peer Educators. Project Coordinators, counsellors and Peer Educators provided a robust team to support the SL&RR network and implementation of the model across Gippsland.
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Smit, Amelia, Kate Dunlop, Nehal Singh, Diona Damian, Kylie Vuong, and Anne Cust. Primary prevention of skin cancer in primary care settings. The Sax Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/qpsm1481.
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Overview Skin cancer prevention is a component of the new Cancer Plan 2022–27, which guides the work of the Cancer Institute NSW. To lessen the impact of skin cancer on the community, the Cancer Institute NSW works closely with the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Advisory Committee, comprising governmental and non-governmental organisation representatives, to develop and implement the NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy. Primary Health Networks and primary care providers are seen as important stakeholders in this work. To guide improvements in skin cancer prevention and inform the development of the next NSW Skin Cancer Prevention Strategy, an up-to-date review of the evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care is required. A research team led by the Daffodil Centre, a joint venture between the University of Sydney and Cancer Council NSW, was contracted to undertake an Evidence Check review to address the questions below. Evidence Check questions This Evidence Check aimed to address the following questions: Question 1: What skin cancer primary prevention activities can be effectively administered in primary care settings? As part of this, identify the key components of such messages, strategies, programs or initiatives that have been effectively implemented and their feasibility in the NSW/Australian context. Question 2: What are the main barriers and enablers for primary care providers in delivering skin cancer primary prevention activities within their setting? Summary of methods The research team conducted a detailed analysis of the published and grey literature, based on a comprehensive search. We developed the search strategy in consultation with a medical librarian at the University of Sydney and the Cancer Institute NSW team, and implemented it across the databases Embase, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, Cochrane Central and CINAHL. Results were exported and uploaded to Covidence for screening and further selection. The search strategy was designed according to the SPIDER tool for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Evidence Synthesis, which is a systematic strategy for searching qualitative and mixed-methods research studies. The SPIDER tool facilitates rigour in research by defining key elements of non-quantitative research questions. We included peer-reviewed and grey literature that included skin cancer primary prevention strategies/ interventions/ techniques/ programs within primary care settings, e.g. involving general practitioners and primary care nurses. The literature was limited to publications since 2014, and for studies or programs conducted in Australia, the UK, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, Western Europe and Scandinavia. We also included relevant systematic reviews and evidence syntheses based on a range of international evidence where also relevant to the Australian context. To address Question 1, about the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings from the Evidence Check according to different skin cancer prevention activities. To address Question 2, about the barriers and enablers of skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings, we summarised findings according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The CFIR is a framework for identifying important implementation considerations for novel interventions in healthcare settings and provides a practical guide for systematically assessing potential barriers and facilitators in preparation for implementing a new activity or program. We assessed study quality using the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) levels of evidence. Key findings We identified 25 peer-reviewed journal articles that met the eligibility criteria and we included these in the Evidence Check. Eight of the studies were conducted in Australia, six in the UK, and the others elsewhere (mainly other European countries). In addition, the grey literature search identified four relevant guidelines, 12 education/training resources, two Cancer Care pathways, two position statements, three reports and five other resources that we included in the Evidence Check. Question 1 (related to effectiveness) We categorised the studies into different types of skin cancer prevention activities: behavioural counselling (n=3); risk assessment and delivering risk-tailored information (n=10); new technologies for early detection and accompanying prevention advice (n=4); and education and training programs for general practitioners (GPs) and primary care nurses regarding skin cancer prevention (n=3). There was good evidence that behavioural counselling interventions can result in a small improvement in sun protection behaviours among adults with fair skin types (defined as ivory or pale skin, light hair and eye colour, freckles, or those who sunburn easily), which would include the majority of Australians. It was found that clinicians play an important role in counselling patients about sun-protective behaviours, and recommended tailoring messages to the age and demographics of target groups (e.g. high-risk groups) to have maximal influence on behaviours. Several web-based melanoma risk prediction tools are now available in Australia, mainly designed for health professionals to identify patients’ risk of a new or subsequent primary melanoma and guide discussions with patients about primary prevention and early detection. Intervention studies have demonstrated that use of these melanoma risk prediction tools is feasible and acceptable to participants in primary care settings, and there is some evidence, including from Australian studies, that using these risk prediction tools to tailor primary prevention and early detection messages can improve sun-related behaviours. Some studies examined novel technologies, such as apps, to support early detection through skin examinations, including a very limited focus on the provision of preventive advice. These novel technologies are still largely in the research domain rather than recommended for routine use but provide a potential future opportunity to incorporate more primary prevention tailored advice. There are a number of online short courses available for primary healthcare professionals specifically focusing on skin cancer prevention. Most education and training programs for GPs and primary care nurses in the field of skin cancer focus on treatment and early detection, though some programs have specifically incorporated primary prevention education and training. A notable example is the Dermoscopy for Victorian General Practice Program, in which 93% of participating GPs reported that they had increased preventive information provided to high-risk patients and during skin examinations. Question 2 (related to barriers and enablers) Key enablers of performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Easy access and availability of guidelines and point-of-care tools and resources • A fit with existing workflows and systems, so there is minimal disruption to flow of care • Easy-to-understand patient information • Using the waiting room for collection of risk assessment information on an electronic device such as an iPad/tablet where possible • Pairing with early detection activities • Sharing of successful programs across jurisdictions. Key barriers to performing skin cancer prevention activities in primary care settings included: • Unclear requirements and lack of confidence (self-efficacy) about prevention counselling • Limited availability of GP services especially in regional and remote areas • Competing demands, low priority, lack of time • Lack of incentives.