Journal articles: '16MnCr5'

1

Stehr, Gunther, and Andres Gasser. "Laserstrahlerzeugte Randschichten auf 16MnCr5." Materials Testing 41, no. 7-8 (July 1, 1999): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-1999-417-808.

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2

Bartels, Dominic, Tobias Novotny, Oliver Hentschel, Florian Huber, Ruslana Mys, Carsten Merklein, and Michael Schmidt. "In situ modification of case-hardening steel 16MnCr5 by C and WC addition by means of powder bed fusion with laser beam of metals (PBF-LB/M)." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 120, no. 3-4 (February 14, 2022): 1729–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-08848-3.

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AbstractTypical high-strength products are made from carbon-rich steels possessing relatively high carbon content, thus reducing weldability. In this work, preliminary studies on designing and tailoring a low-alloyed steel for the laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) process by adding carbon black (C) nanoparticles and tungsten carbide (WC) particles for enhancing the material properties are provided. First, the base material 16MnCr5 is modified with different concentrations of C and WC. It was found that an increased C and WC content resulted in an elevated material hardness in the as-built state. However, this comes at the cost of a poorer processability as pore formation increased for C-modified and crack tendency increased for WC-modified 16MnCr5. When applying a post-process quenching and optional tempering heat treatment, material hardness in the range of 615 HV can be achieved for C-enriched 16MnCr5 in the tempered state, which would be suitable for bearing and gearing applications. The addition of WC particles favored an improved wear resistance which is twice as high as the one of C-modified material for similar material hardness, showing the enormous potential of WC addition for reducing the wear rate. Complementary SEM and EDX analyses show that both the dilution and bonding zone of the WC particles are affected by the processing conditions and the WC concentration. Furthermore, it was found that a nearly defect-free fabrication of WC-enriched 16MnCr5 was possible for up to 2.5 wt.-% of WC, proving that the occurring defects are highly sensitive to the WC concentration.

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Tanabi, Hamed. "Evaluation of machinability of alloy ductile iron in term of thrust drilling force." Academic Perspective Procedia 3, no. 1 (October 25, 2020): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.03.01.24.

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The main aim of this work is the assessment of the machinability of alloyed ductile iron before the austempering process. 16MnCr5 alloy steel and alloyed ductile specimens were subjected to drilling tests. The effect of drilling parameters on cutting force was investigated based on the Taguchi approach. Based on the results, a regression model was established to predict thrust force at various drilling conditions. The predicted thrust forces ratio was then used to evaluate the machinability of alloyed ductile respect to the 16MnCr5 alloy steel. The results showed that at lower feed rate, the normal drilling force is very close for both materials, such that the estimated machinability rating is 86%.

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Джалик, Аднан, Назим Уджар, and Нуры Еныай. "Исследование кинетики борирования и его влияния на структуру и механические свойства стали 16MnCr5." Металловедение и термическая обработка металлов, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/mitom.2022.1.62-67.

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Исследована кинетика борирования низколегированной стали 16MnCr5 при 1123, 1173 и 1223 К длительностью 2, 4 и 6 ч в порошкообразных смесях с использованием агента Экабор-II для определения возможности его применения для повышения поверхностных свойств этой стали. Проведен микроструктурный анализ методами световой и электронной микроскопии, а также рентгеновской дифракции. Определены механические свойства стали, борированной при разных режимах. Показано, что рост боридного слоя во времени описывается параболической зависимостью. Определены энергия активации диффузии при борировании и предэкспоненциальный множитель, получено эмпирическое уравнение для прогнозирования толщины боридного слоя на стали 16MnCr5 в зависимости от времени и температуры борирования. Установлено, что после борирования пределы текучести и прочности стали при растяжении увеличиваются, а пластичность уменьшается. После борирования в течение 6 ч при 1223 К твердость боридного слоя составила 1940 H V0,1 при твердости матрицы 401 HV 0,1 .

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Kapustova, Maria. "The Verification of Material Plastic Flow at Optimal Warm Forging Temperature Using Computer Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 421 (September 2013): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.421.229.

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Warm forging is most commonly used for production of die forgings which are manufactured by means of precise forging. As compared to cold forging, warm forging enables to reduce forging forces size considerably. Development of warm forging technology is connected to formability and plasticity research of forged material at warm temperatures. This contribution brings a methodology for optimal forging temperature determination from recommended interval of warm temperatures used for chromium-manganic steel 16MnCr5. The given steel is appropriate for case hardening and precise die forgings production. For the purpose of verification of steel forgeability at the recommended interval of warm forging temperatures 600, 650, 700 and 750 °C technological test of upsetting according to Zidek is used. The main factor of plasticity for optimal warm temperature selection from examined temperature interval is value of reduction of area that was determined by tensile test. Numeric simulation of forging process in closed die confirmed correct plastic flow of steel 16MnCr5 at recommended forging temperature 700 degrees of Celsius.

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Herter, Jasmin, and Rolf Ehrler. "Entwicklungsziel: Zerspanrekord." VDI-Z 161, no. 07-08 (2019): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0042-1766-2019-07-08-40.

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Chiron und Gühring – Maschinenhersteller und Werkzeugspezialist – haben gemeinsame Entwicklungsziele und denselben Anspruch: herausragende Produkte zu liefern und die jeweilige Leistungsfähigkeit durch „Symbiose“ noch weiter nach oben zu schrauben. Gemeinsam wurde jetzt ein bahnbrechender Rekord aufgestellt: Zerspant wurden 1000 cm3 Stahl (16MnCr5) in 60 s, das bedeutet 8 kg Stahl in der Minute.

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SantAna, Péricles Lopes, Santos R. J., Bortoleto J. R. R., Cruz N. C., Rangel E. C., Santos L. V., and Silva T.F. "Study of a-C:H thin films deposited by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation for mechanical and tribological applications." Nanoscale Reports 2, no. 3 (July 14, 2019): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/nr1933.

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The tribological and mechanical properties of DLC films deposited on the surface of 16MnCr5 steel alloy were investigated. The major concerning of using DLC layers on engine parts are: (i) to reduce friction; (ii) to increase fuel efficiency and to reduce CO2 emission; (iii) to increase hardness of alloy steel. After polished and ultrasonicated, 16MnCr5 substrates were submitted to PIIID procedures in radiofrequency plasmas (13.56 MHz) generated from atmospheres of methane and argon. Excitation power and total gas pressure were kept constant. It was investigated the effect of methane proportion on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the films using the follow techniques: Raman Spectroscopy (for Hydrogen content and microstructure analysis), Ultra Micro-Tribometer (for friction coefficient) and Nanoindentation (hardness evaluation). Raman analysis confirmed DLC character of the films produced, and the proportion of 80% methane and 20% argon resulted to the best performance of mechanical properties of the films owing to the increase of hardness in until ten times, and reducing the friction coefficient to about 0.2. In addition, thickness for these films varied from 165 nm to 206 nm.

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8

Arumparithy, G. L., R. Adalarasan, M. Santhanakumar, and Lijalem Mulugeta. "Parameter Design in Carbonitriding of EN36, 16MnCr5, and AISI 4140 Steels Using Principal Component-Based Grey Incidence (PGI)." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (April 13, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8138198.

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Case-hardening steels (EN36, 16MnCr5, and AISI 4140) are used in applications demanding good surface properties such as precision gears, shafts, and cam rollers. This study explores the formation of microcoatings to improve the surface characteristics of these steels using carbonitriding, which combines the merits of carburizing and nitriding to offer surfaces with enhanced hardness and wear resistance. Taguchi’s L18 orthogonal array is used for conducting the carbonitriding trials with replications. The effects of various carbonitriding parameters like carbonitriding time, temperature, and flow rate of ammonia are studied on the treated surface characteristics (Vickers microhardness, diffusion depth, and wear loss). A novel integrated approach of principal component-based grey incidence (PGI) that combines the merits of both principal component analysis and grey incidence theory is effectively used to select the optimal carbonitriding inputs (material substrate AISI 4140, carbonitriding temperature −835°C, carbonitriding time-40 min, and flow rate of ammonia 0.4 lit/min). Microscopic images related to diffusion depths are also analyzed. This study offers the necessary guiding principles for obtaining the desired surface coating on EN36, 16MnCr5, and AISI 4140 steels.

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Kapustova, Maria, and Marek Zvončan. "The Research of Forgeability for Warm Temperatures Using Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 749 (August 2013): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.749.18.

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At nowadays the interest of forging shops is focused on technology of accurate die warm forging. It is possible to reach higher exploitation of material, higher surface quality and higher accuracy of forgings in comparison to standard forging. The advance of warm forging relates to research of ductility and plasticity of forged material in warm temperature range. This paper provides the results of the research of 16MnCr5 steel forgeability in the interval of temperatures of warm forging. Steel alloy 16MnCr5 is proper for case hardening and for the production of precision die forging. In this paper the description of methodology for the proper interval setting of temperatures of warm forging for the given type of steel can be found. Practical test and a numerical simulation has proven the propriety of the examined steel for forging in the temperature interval 600, 650, 700 and 750 °C. For the steel forgeability verification in the recommended interval of warm forging temperatures, the technological test of upsetting according to Zidek was used.

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10

Tanabi, Hamed. "Machinability of alloy ductile iron and forged 16MnCr5 steel." Materials Testing 64, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-2021-2027.

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Abstract The remarkable mechanical properties of austempered ductile iron (ADI) render ADI as an alternative material for forged steels. On the other hand, the high strength and hardness make the machining of ADI to be challenging. In this study, the ADI is presented as an alternative material to fabricate the ring gear of the two-wheel tractors. A series of experiments were designed to evaluate the machinability of the alloyed ductile iron before the austempering process. 16MnCr5 alloy steel and alloyed ductile specimens were subjected to drilling tests. The effect of drilling parameters on thrust force was investigated based on a design of experiments approach. A regression model was established to predict thrust force at various drilling conditions. Then, the machinability rating was defined as the ratio of the predicted thrust forces. The results showed that at lower feed rates, the thrust force is very close for both materials, such that the estimated machinability rating is 86%.

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11

Dybowski, Konrad, and Rafał Niewiedzielski. "DISTORTION OF 16MnCr5 STEEL PARTS DURING LOW-PRESSURE CARBURIZING." Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal 11, no. 1 (March 3, 2017): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12913/22998624/67674.

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12

Caliari, D., G. Timelli, and F. Vanzo. "Nitrocarburising of annealed and severe plastically deformed 16MnCr5 steel." Surface Engineering 34, no. 7 (July 27, 2017): 536–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2017.1346034.

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13

Vivek, Cm. "Investigating the fracture behaviour of carburized and carbonitrided 16MnCr5." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 764 (March 7, 2020): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/764/1/012004.

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14

Mitelea, Ion, Cristian Ghera, Ilare Bordeaşu, and Corneliu M. Crăciunescu. "Ultrasonic cavitation erosion of a duplex treated 16MnCr5 steel." International Journal of Materials Research 106, no. 4 (April 14, 2015): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/146.111188.

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15

Syla, Naim, Fisnik Aliaj, Bashkim Dalipi, Njomza Elezaj, and Arbër Zeqiraj. "The depth of the diffusion of nitrogen in 16MnCr5 steel after gas nitriding." Emerging Materials Research 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.21.00086.

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This research aims to determine the depth of diffusion of nitrogen in steel 16MnCr5 after gas nitriding. Nitriding was performed in the ammonia atmosphere at three temperatures (510, 550 and 590°C), with four different durations for each temperature. The research techniques were metallographic and electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA). According to the first method, with the optical microscope Neophot 30 of the firm Carl Zeiss Jena, the surfaces of all samples were observed. The nitriding layers were photographed with the help of a microscope, from which the depths of nitrogen diffusion were determined. The hardness-depth profiles of nitride specimens were determined with a Vickers automatic micro-hardness tester from LECO, and the distance between two consecutive points was 50 μm. The depth of nitrogen diffusion into the nitride samples was determined from the hardness curves. The nitrogen concentration-depth profiles of the nitrided specimens were determined with EPMA using a Joel JXA-8900RL microanalyser operated at 20 kV. A comparison of the results of the different experimental methods was made, which allowed conclusions to be made as regards the depth of nitrogen diffusion in 16MnCr5 steel.

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16

Zimmermann, Martina, Jörg Bretschneider, Gunter Kirchhoff, Uwe Stamm, Jens Standfuss, and Berndt Brenner. "Fatigue Behaviour of Laser Beam Welded Circular Weld Seams under Multi-Axial Loading." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 1397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.1397.

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With modern laser beam sources welding processes can be developed, that allow the joining of otherwise barely realisable material and geometrical constellations such as dissimilar welded, thick-walled shaft-hub joints for powertrain systems. Current design recommendations do not offer solutions to account for the cyclic strength under torsional loading for welded structures. In order to bridge the gap between cost and time consuming prototype testing and laboratory tests of basic homogeneous material samples, a test system combining axial and torsional loading was used. For this purpose application oriented test parts are designed to mimic the weld seam geometry, stiffness and heat dissipation conditions of the real structural part at its best. The dissimilar joints were realised for two material combinations: cast iron GJS-600-3 with case hardened steel 16MnCr5 and 42CrMo4 with 16MnCr5. The latter combination showed only a slightly higher cyclic strength compared to the cast iron/steel combination. A systematic optimization of the laser beam welding process leads to a fatigue behaviour under multi-axial loading conditions, where the cast iron/case hardened steel combination still met the strength specification required.

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17

Bartels, Dominic, Julian Klaffki, Indra Pitz, Carsten Merklein, Florian Kostrewa, and Michael Schmidt. "Investigation on the Case-Hardening Behavior of Additively Manufactured 16MnCr5." Metals 10, no. 4 (April 21, 2020): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10040536.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, such as laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M), allow for the fabrication of complex parts due to their high freedom of design. PBF-LB/M is already used in several different industrial application fields, especially the automotive and aerospace industries. Nevertheless, the amount of materials being processed using AM technologies is relatively small compared to conventional manufacturing. Due to this, an extension of the material portfolio is necessary for fulfilling the demands of these industries. In this work, the AM of case-hardening steel 16MnCr5 using PBF-LB/M is investigated. In this context, the influences of different processing strategies on the final hardness of the material are studied. This includes, e.g., stress relief heat treatment and microstructure modification to increase the resulting grain size, thus ideally simplifying the carbon diffusion during case hardening. Furthermore, different heat treatment strategies (stress relief heat treatment and grain coarsening annealing) were applied to the as-built samples for modifying the microstructure and the effect on the final hardness of case-hardened specimens. The additively manufactured specimens are compared to conventionally fabricated samples after case hardening. Thus, an increase in both case-hardening depth and maximum hardness is observed for additively manufactured specimens, leading to superior mechanical properties.

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Radulaški, Vladimir, and Branko Škorić. "PROJEKTOVANJE UREĐAJA ZA TERMIČKU OBRADU ZUPČANIKA." Zbornik radova Fakulteta tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu 37, no. 09 (September 1, 2022): 1355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/19am02radulaski.

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U radu je objašnjena tehnologija termičke obrade tri tipa zupčanika izrađenih od niskolegiranog čelika Č4320 (EN 16MnCr5) i Č4721 (EN 20CrMo5) čija je proizvodnja velikoserijska. Prema zahtevu, data je analiza i usvajanje procesa cementacije, kaljenja i otpuštanja, i problemi koji se mogu javiti pri radu. Definisan je pogon termičke obrade, kao i spisak potrebnih peći i uređaja. Na kraju, dat je toplotni proračun peći za cementaiju i idejno rešenje pogona.

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Sadek, Mohamed, Jens Bergström, Nils Hallbäck, and Christer Burman. "20 kHz 3-point bending fatigue of automotive steels." MATEC Web of Conferences 165 (2018): 22020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201816522020.

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The 20 kHz load frequency enables fatigue tests for very high cycle fatigue life, 109-1013 cycles, within conveniently short time. In automotive applications, many components are subjected to flexural loading and hence bending fatigue is an important test mode. Ultrasound fatigue test instruments have been used successfully in several assessments of fatigue strength and more commonly in uniaxial loading. Here, a 3-point bending fatigue test rig operating in resonance at 20 kHz load frequency has been designed to test plane specimens at R=0.1 loading. The test rig design and stress calculations are presented. Testing for fatigue strength was conducted using the staircase method with 15 specimens of each steel grade, specimens reaching 108 cycles were considered run-outs giving fatigue strength at 108 cycles. Additional 15 specimens of each grade were tested for S-N curves with the upper limit above 109 cycles. Two different common automotive steels, 38MnSiV5, a micro-alloyed ferritic-pearlitic steel, and 16MnCr5, a carburizing martensitic steel, were tested. The fatigue strengths achieved from the staircase testing are 340 and 419 MPa stress amplitudes for the 38MnSiV5 and 16MnCr5 steels, respectively. The S-N curves of the steels appear to be quite flat in the tested life range 107 – 109.

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20

Börner, Richard, Thomas Junge, Thirumanikandan Subramanian, Stefan Thielen, Oliver Koch, and Andreas Schubert. "Elastic–Plastic Material Deformation and Conveying Value of Twist-Free Turned Surfaces." Surfaces 5, no. 3 (September 11, 2022): 395–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surfaces5030029.

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Counter-surfaces for radial shaft seals are usually finished by infeed grinding to avoid macro twist structures on the surface since they can impose a conveying action on the lubricant. This can lead to either leakage or starved lubrication and subsequent thermal damage depending on the direction of said conveying action. Turning processes can offer a more cost-effective surface finish, but conventional methods cause twist structures, which can impair the leakage prevention of the sealing system. An approach for the production of twist-free surfaces was developed based on new kinematics for turning. However, the surfaces produced with this approach using case hardened specimens made from the steel 16MnCr5 show deviating structural characteristics compared to the kinematic simulation. The causes of this and the resulting influence on the conveying value are the subjects of the research work. For this purpose, in addition to hardened steel, two other materials are considered: the steel 16MnCr5 in the unhardened hot rolled delivery condition and brass as a material with good machinability. The results clearly show that there is a deviation in the machining behavior of the steel materials compared to the kinematic surface simulations, especially in the repeatedly turned areas. This is mainly due to elastic–plastic deformation effects. Despite the actually twist-free surface profile, certain characteristics result in an anisotropic structure, which partially has an influence on the conveying value.

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21

Sultan, Jamal Nayief. "Effect of Austenizing and Tempering Heat Treatment Temperatures on the Fatigue Resistance of Carburized 16MnCr5 (ASTM 5117) Steel." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 20, no. 4 (December 31, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.20.4.01.

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The present investigation deals with the study of the effect of austenizing and tempering heat treatment temperatures on the fatigue resistance of carburized 16MnCr5 steel. Rotating bending fatigue specimens were machined from 16MnCr (ASTM 5117(steel rod, and pack carburized at 900°C for 2 hours soaking time. Carburized specimens were then austenized at 900°C for one hour, water quenched, reaustenized at temperatures 750°C, 800°C and 900°C for one hour, then tempered at 200°C temperature. Other carburized specimens were tempered by heating to 760°C temperature, water quenched to room temperature, then tempered at temperatures 200°C, 300°C, and 400°C for one hour. Austenized and tempered steel specimens after carburization as well as uncarburized steel specimens were then tested by rotating bending fatigue machine up to fracture under different stress levels (200, 250, 300, 350, 400) Mpa. Experimental results showed that fatigue resistance of austenized steel specimens after carburization process has been increased, and the crack length developed on the specimen surfaces was decreased with an increase in austenizing temperature up to 800°C, due to lath martensitic microstructure formation, beyond this temperature fatigue resistance was decreased and crack lengths were increased due to the grain coarsening of the lath martensite. It was also concluded that fatigue resistance of steel specimens that have been tempered after carburization process was increased, while crack lengths due to fatigue have been decreased with an increase in tempering temperatures due to the formation of tempered martensite and troostitic microstructure. The results also revealed that uncarburized steel specimens showed a lower fatigue resistance and a higher crack lengths than those austenized and tempered specimens after carburization.

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Cai, Sai, Jinquan Sun, Qingkun He, Tong Shi, Dongrui Wang, Jinwei Si, Jie Yang, Fujie Li, Kun Xie, and Min Li. "16MnCr5 gear shaft fracture caused by inclusions and heat treatment process." Engineering Failure Analysis 126 (August 2021): 105458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105458.

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23

Laue, S., C. Thoben, H. Bomas, R. Schröder, and R. Kienzler. "Untersuchungen zum Einfluss des Aufkohlungsverfahrens auf die Dauerfestigkeit des Einsatzstahls 16MnCr5." HTM Härtereitechnische Mitteilungen 60, no. 4 (August 2005): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/105.100345.

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Laue, S., C. Thoben, H. Bomas, R. Schröder, and R. Kienzler. "Untersuchungen zum Einfluss des Aufkohlungsverfahrens auf die Dauerfestigkeit des Einsatzstahls 16MnCr5." HTM Härtereitechnische Mitteilungen 60, no. 5 (September 2005): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/105.100349.

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Liang, Wanhua, James Pineault, F. Albrecht Conle, and Timothy H. Topper. "Retained Austenite Transformation-Induced Residual Stress Change in Carburized 16MnCr5 Steel." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 50, no. 3 (January 10, 2022): 20210457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20210457.

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Lee, Seok-Jae, and Chester J. Van Tyne. "Grain Size Dependence of Austenite Decomposition in Air-Cooled 16MnCr5 Steel." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 44, no. 6 (April 3, 2013): 2455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-013-1706-y.

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Schmitt, Matthias, Tobias Kamps, Felix Siglmüller, Jakob Winkler, Georg Schlick, Christian Seidel, Thomas Tobie, Karsten Stahl, and Gunther Reinhart. "Laser-based powder bed fusion of 16MnCr5 and resulting material properties." Additive Manufacturing 35 (October 2020): 101372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101372.

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Ghera, Cristian, Ion Mitelea, Ilare Bordeaşu, and Corneliu Marius Crăciunescu. "Effect of Heat Treatment on the Surfaces Topography Tested at the Cavitation Erosion from Steel 16MnCr5." Advanced Materials Research 1111 (July 2015): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1111.85.

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This paper analyzes, by comparison, the changes appeared in surface topography, for 16MnCr5 steel tested at cavitation erosion, subjected to different type of the heat treatments. The purpose of research, aimed at establishing a correlation between resistance to cavitation erosions and the surface roughness parameters, for various types of heat treatment (annealing, carburizing, Duplex treatment of carburizing, followed by the surface hardening by induction). Cavitation tests were conducted on a vibrator device with piezoceramic crystals, which fully complies with the requirements imposed by the ASTM G32 - 2010. Roughness parameters were measured using a Mitutoyo apparatus.

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Gavrus, Adinel, Daniela Pintilie, and Roxana Nedelcu. "Studies Concerning Numerical Prediction of Metal Fibering Obtained by Cold Bulk Forming Using Sensitivity Analysis of Tribological and Rheological Properties on a Cylindrical Crushing Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 841 (June 2016): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.841.29.

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The present research paper concerns a numerical and experimental analysis of the tribologic and rheological constitutive behavior influence on prediction of metallic material forging fibering. Numerical analysis using finite element Forge® code and Abaqus software show the high importance of the friction law formulation and of the material rheological softening on the fibers morphology and on their position coordinates. Calibration and sensitivity of friction law together with the numerical sensitivity of the softening term corresponding to a Hansel-Spittel rheological equation have been studied for a cylindrical crushing test of a 16MnCr5 steel.

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Syla, Naim, Arbër Zeqiraj, Nazmi Hasi, and Njomza Elezaj. "Investigation of the Compound Layer Formed by Steel 16MnCr5 After Gas Nitriding." Emerging Materials Research 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jemmr.18.00117.

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CALIK, A., N. UCAR, A. KOCASLAN, and S. KARAKAS. "EFFECT OF INTERRUPTED BORIDING ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 16MnCr5 STEELS." Surface Review and Letters 25, no. 07 (October 2018): 1950022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x19500227.

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The microstructure, microhardness and tensile properties of continuously borided and interrupted borided 16MnCr5 steel were compared. In the continuous process, boriding was carried out continuously at 1273[Formula: see text]K for 16[Formula: see text]h. In the interrupted process, after 5[Formula: see text]h of boriding at 1273[Formula: see text]K, the crucible containing the specimens and the boriding powders was removed from the furnace and cooled to 873[Formula: see text]K in still air for 30[Formula: see text]min and this procedure was repeated three times. Both boriding treatments were achieved in a solid medium using the powder pack method with commercial Ekabor-I powders as the boron source. X-ray diffraction studies indicated the presence of FeB and Fe2B phases in the boride layers for both boriding treatments. The transition zone was more pronounced in the continuously borided steel. The average hardness values of the boride layers were 1759 and 1648[Formula: see text]HV0.1 for the continuously borided and interrupted borided steels, respectively. The hardness of the boride layers were considerably higher than the 200[Formula: see text]HV0.1 hardness of the untreated steel. No significant difference in tensile properties could be observed between the two different boriding procedures.

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Yun, Xin, and Sheng Cai. "Numerical study of sheet-bulk forming process of high strength steel 16MnCr5." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1653 (October 2020): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1653/1/012053.

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Mohan, Nandu, and Sanjivi Arul. "Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Alloy Steel 16MnCr5." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 11 (2018): 25265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.10.329.

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Wong-Ángel, Wilbert David, José Martínez-Trinidad, Iván Campos-Silva, Mario Romero-Romo, Victor Hernández-Hernández, Usiel S. Silva-Rivera, and Ricardo Andrés García-León. "Tribocorrosion of DIN 16MnCr5 Steel Modified by Carburization and Manganese Phosphate Coating." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 29, no. 5 (May 2020): 2879–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-04828-4.

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35

Janó, Viktória. "Ceramic Reinforced Metal Matrix Nano and Micro-Composite Layers Produced by Combined Laser Melt Injection Technology and Thermochemical Surface Treatment." Materials Science Forum 812 (February 2015): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.812.77.

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In-situ synthesized Nb (C,N) reinforced metal-ceramic composite layers were fabricated on nitridable (16MnCr5) and non-nitridable (S235J) steel surface by combined laser melt injection technology and ferritic nitrocarburizing treatment. The feasibility of processing composites layer by an in situ reaction using laser beam were carried out. Beside that the hardness of the treated layers increases up to 1000-1170 HV0.5 in the diffusion zone and after it the hardness of the samples reach 300-450 HV0.5, which is related the Nb alloying depth (1200-1400 μm). The results of the composite layer are presented in this paper.

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Zábranský, Karel, Lenka Klakurková, Pavel Gejdoš, Martin Juliš, and Jiří Švejcar. "Analysis of the Causes of Shaft Damage." Key Engineering Materials 923 (June 28, 2022): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-8nz9sl.

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The paper deals with complex material analysis of a shaft after failure. The shaft was operated as part of an "Abradable rig" device used to test the resistance of coatings at high speeds, which simulates a turboprop engine's operating conditions. The shaft is made of 16MnCr5 material with subsequent cementation. The subject of interest is a complex material analysis (i.e. control of the chemical composition of the material and complete fractographic and metallographic analysis) and verification of the shaft design. The aim of the study is a precise determination of the specific cause of component failure.

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37

Çetinkaya, Cemil, and Ugˇur Arabaci. "Flash butt welding application on 16MnCr5 chain steel and investigations of mechanical properties." Materials & Design 27, no. 10 (January 2006): 1187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2005.02.002.

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38

Ouyang, J. H., S. Nowotny, A. Richter, and E. Beyer. "Characterization of laser clad yttria partially-stabilized ZrO2 ceramic layers on steel 16MnCr5." Surface and Coatings Technology 137, no. 1 (March 2001): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0257-8972(00)00869-0.

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39

Schmitt, Matthias, Georg Schlick, Christian Seidel, and Gunther Reinhart. "Examination of the processability of 16MnCr5 by means of laser powder bed fusion." Procedia CIRP 74 (2018): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.08.041.

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Francy, K. Anupama, Ch Srinivasa Rao, and P. Gopalakrishnaiah. "Optimization of Direct extrusion Process Parameter on 16MnCr5 and AISI1010 using DEFORM-3D." Procedia Manufacturing 30 (2019): 498–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.070.

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41

Hild, R., D. Trauth, P. Mattfeld, S. Bastürk, T. Brögelmann, N. Kruppe, K. Prof Bobzin, and F. Prof Klocke. "Trockenumformung strukturierter Halbzeuge aus 16MnCr5 und 42CrMo4*/Dry forming of surface structured workpiece made of 16MnCr5 and 42CrMo4 - Determination of friction shear stress by means of a pin-on-cCylinder Tribometer." wt Werkstattstechnik online 106, no. 10 (2016): 712–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2016-10-38.

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Der Einsatz von Schmierstoffen gestattet bisher die Umformung von Massivbauteilen. In der „Green Factory“ wird auf die Verwendung dieser Schmierstoffe verzichtet. Daraus resultieren unbekannte Anforderungen an das trockene Tribosystem. Selbstschmierende Werkzeugbeschichtung und strukturierte Halbzeuge ermöglichen das trockene Tribosystem und reduzieren die Reibschubspannung. Der Fachbeitrag zeigt die Auswirkungen von Oberflächenstrukturen auf Halbzeugen auf die Reibschubspannung.   Solid and liquid lubricants enable bulk metal forming processes. In the “Green Factory”, the application of lubricants is to be avoided. The absence of lubricants results in unknown demands on a dry tribosystem. Possible enablers of the dry tribosystem are self-lubricating tool coatings and structured workpieces that lower the friction shear stresses. This contribution shows how the workpiece structuring influences the friction shear stress.

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Przyłęcka, M., W. Gęstwa, and G. E. Totten. "Modelling of retained austenite in carburized layers." Journal de Physique IV 120 (December 2004): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2004120013.

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In this paper, modelling of the phase composition of the carburized case produced on steel alloys containing chromium, manganese and nickel will be discussed. In particular, the effect of steel composition on the amount of retained austenite and carbide structure will be discussed. These microstrucures were selected because they exhibit the greatest influence on the correlation between structure and properties of hardened carburized case. The thermal process largely influences the formation of carbides quantity of residual austenite in structure of hardened carburized elements. Properties evaluated include: hardness, micro-hardness, and impact resistance. The model can be applied to carburized 20H (20Cr4), 15HN (17CrNi6-6) and 16HG (16MNCr5) steel although data for 20H (20Cr4) steel is provided here.

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Szabó, Gergely, and János Kundrák. "Investigation of Residual Stresses in Case of Hard Turning of Case Hardened 16MnCr5 Steel." Key Engineering Materials 581 (October 2013): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.581.501.

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In this paper the residual stresses are investigated emerging in the machined layer during hard turning in case of chip removal done by different tool rake angles. By means of finite element method simulation we examined what rake angle is best to complete cutting so that favourable residual stress values are gained in the machined surface layer.

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Knyazeva, Marina, Julian Rozo Vasquez, Leonard Gondecki, Max Weibring, Fabian Pöhl, Monika Kipp, Peter Tenberge, Werner Theisen, Frank Walther, and Dirk Biermann. "Micro-Magnetic and Microstructural Characterization of Wear Progress on Case-Hardened 16MnCr5 Gear Wheels." Materials 11, no. 11 (November 15, 2018): 2290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112290.

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The evaluation of wear progress of gear tooth flanks made of 16MnCr5 was performed using non-destructive micro-magnetic testing, specifically Barkhausen noise (BN) and incremental permeability (IP). Based on the physical interaction of the microstructure with the magnetic field, the micro-magnetic characterization allowed the analysis of changes of microstructure caused by wear, including phase transformation and development of residual stresses. Due to wide parameter variation and application of bandpass filter frequencies of micro-magnetic signals, it was possible to indicate and separate the main damage mechanisms considering the wear development. It could be shown that the maximum amplitude of BN correlates directly with the profile form deviation and increases with the progress of wear. Surface investigations via optical and scanning electron microscopy indicated strong surface fatigue wear with micro-pitting and micro-cracks, evident in cross-section after 3 × 105 cycles. The result of fatigue on the surface layer was the decrease of residual compression stresses, which was indicated by means of coercivity by BN-analysis. The different topographies of the surfaces, characterized via confocal white light microscopy, were also reflected in maximum BN-amplitude. Using complementary microscopic characterization in the cross-section, a strong correlation between micro-magnetic parameters and microstructure was confirmed and wear progress was characterized in dependence of depth under the wear surface. The phase transformation of retained austenite into martensite according to wear development, measured by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was also detected by micro-magnetic testing by IP-analysis.

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Saini, Tushar, Khushdeep Goyal, and Deepak Bhandari. "Multi-response optimization of WEDM parameters on machining 16MnCr5 alloy steel using Taguchi technique." Multiscale and Multidisciplinary Modeling, Experiments and Design 2, no. 1 (July 27, 2018): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41939-018-0027-7.

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Arrabiyeh, Peter A., Dinesh Setti, Stephan Basten, Benjamin Kirsch, and Jan C. Aurich. "Micro grinding 16MnCr5 hardened steel using micro pencil grinding tools with diameters ∼50 μm." CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 27 (November 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2019.10.002.

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47

Przyłęcka, M., W. Gęstwa, and G. E. Totten. "Modelling of phase transformations and hardening of carbonitrided steels." Journal de Physique IV 120 (December 2004): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2004120014.

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There are a variety of opinions regarding the influence of retained austenite and carbides on the properties exhibited by carbonitrided steels. In this paper, the development of a model marking relationship between phase composition, and properties of hardened carbonitrided steel has been presented. A summary of the impact of structure on properties is provided in Table 1. In the study reported here, the impact of thermal processing conditions on retained austenite and carbides was examined for carbonitrided and hardened 20 (C22), 20H (20Cr4), 15HN (17CrNi6-6) and 16HG (16MnCr5) steels. The models that are reported were experimentally validated. In particular, the results obtained for structure with respect to hardness and abrasive wear resistance were discussed for carbonitrided and hardened 20H (20Cr4) steel.

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Rizvi, Mr Saadat Ali. "DETERMINATION THE EFFECT OF CUTTING PARAMETERS ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN TURNING OF 16MNCR5 STEEL USING TAGUCHI TECHNIQUE." JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 4, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2454.8650.201701.

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49

Laue, S., H. Bomas, F. Hoffmann, and P. Mayr. "Untersuchungen zum Einfluss des Randschichtzustandes auf die Schwingfestigkeit einsatz gehärteter Proben aus dem Stahl 16MnCr5∗." HTM Härtereitechnische Mitteilungen 59, no. 3 (June 2004): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/105.100290.

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Brodyanski, Alexander, Matthias W. Klein, Rolf Merz, Marek Smaga, Tilmann Beck, and Michael Kopnarski. "Microstructural changes caused by friction loading in high manganese TWIP steel and case-hardened 16MnCr5." Materials Characterization 163 (May 2020): 110231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2020.110231.

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Journal articles on the topic '16MnCr5'

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