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Haudrère, Philippe. "La Compagnie des Indes : 1719-1795." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040080.
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La seconde compagnie des Indes - qui succède à une première compagnie fondée par Colbert - est organisée en 1719, sous l'influence de Law; elle reçoit des moyens financiers importants et un vaste domaine comprenant des territoires situés en Amérique, en Afrique et en Asie. A partir de 1730, elle renonce à la Louisiane et aux Antilles, et se consacre au commerce avec l'Inde et la Chine. Dans le même temps, elle développe sa construction navale et améliore la formation de ses marins. Elle augmente aussi le volume de ses échanges, au point de rivaliser avec les compagnies étrangères. En dépit de cette réussite, des difficultés apparaissent : le profit commercial diminue avec l'augmentation des cargaisons, qui, sur un marché étroit, trouvent péniblement des débouchés; les charges sont alourdies durant les conflits, par les mesures de protection des convois et des comptoirs, que la compagnie doit, seule, assurer, en l'absence d'aide gouvernementale. Le personnel colonial propose alors d'étendre la domination française en Inde, de manière à trouver de nouvelles ressources, mais il se heurte au refus des actionnaires et à celui du gouvernement. Dès lors, ne pouvant surmonter ses difficultés, la compagnie est contrainte de suspendre ses activités en 1769The second company of India - which follows a first one, founded by Colbert - was constituted on 1719, upon law's authority; it received an important capital and large territories, situated in America, Africa and Asia. Since 1730, it renounced to Louisiana and West Indies, and gave up to trade with India and China. During the same time, it spread its own naval building, and improved the experience of its naval staff. It increased also the bulk of its trade, to such a level that its succeeded in competing with foreign companies. Despite this success, it went into a lot of troubles; the benefit was becoming smaller and smaller as increased the freights, the market of which was reduced, and the goods were sold not easily; loads grew larger and larger during the wars, as ships had to be escorted and factories defended, the company, alone, being obliged to protect them, lacking any governmental help. For those reasons, the colonial staff, suggested to extend the French rule to indian territories, in order to find new means; but shareholders and French government did not agree; consequently, the company could not overcome these difficulties, and was obliged to postpone the trade in 1769
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Haudrère, Philippe. "La Compagnie des Indes, 1719-1795." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605832d.
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Hermann, Uwe. "Effects of distribution planning systems on the cost of delivery in unique make-to-order manufacturing." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1719/.
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This thesis investigates the effects of simulation through the use of a distribution planning system (DPS) on distribution costs in the setting of unique make-to-order manufacturers (UMTO). In doing so, the German kitchen furniture industry (GKFI) serves as an example and supplier of primary data. On the basis of a detailed market analysis this thesis will demonstrate that this industry, which mostly works with its own vehicles for transport, is in urgent need of innovative logistics strategies. Within the scope of an investigation into the current practical and theoretical use of DPS, it will become apparent that most known DPS are based on the application of given or set delivery tour constraints. Those constraints are often not questioned in practice and in theory nor even attempted to be omitted, but are accepted in day-to-day operation. This paper applies a different approach. In the context of this research, a practically applied DPS is used supportively for the removal of time window constraints (TWC) in UMTO delivery. The same DPS is used in ceteris paribus condition for the re-routing of deliveries and hereby supports the findings regarding the costliness of TWC. From this experiment emerges an overall cost saving of 50.9% and a 43.5% reduction of kilometres travelled. The applied experimental research methodology and the significance of the resulting savings deliver the opportunity to analyse the removal of delivery time window restrictions as one of many constraints in distribution logistics. The economic results of this thesis may become the basis of discussion for further research based on the applied methodology. From a practical point of view, the contributions to new knowledge are the cost savings versus the change of demand for the setting of TWC between the receiver of goods and the UMTO supplier. On the side of theoretical knowledge, this thesis contributes to filling the gap on the production – distribution problem from a UMTO perspective. Further contributions to knowledge are delivered through the experimental methodology with the application of a DPS for research in logistics simulation.
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Tocci, Nathalie. "EU accession dynamics and conflict resolution : the case of Cyprus, 1988-2002." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2003. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1719/.
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Since 1993, the European Commission, the EU member states and the Republic of Cyprus raised the expectation that the prospect of Cyprus' EU membership would act as a catalyst for a settlement of the island's conflict. Yet throughout the 1990s the divisions between the positions of the principal parties widened. In addition, the 1990s witnessed an escalation of tensions in the Easter Mediterranean, between Greece and Turkey, as well as between Greek and Turkish Cypriots. The 2002 negotiations failed to deliver an agreement, bringing closer the prospect of an unintended consolidation of the green line dividing the island. This study analyses the case of Cyprus and the EU with three objectives in mind. First, it explores the inter-relationship between the evolution of the conflict and the development of EU-Cyprus relations within the accession process. Why did the EU accession process fail to catalyse a settlement on the island, or at least a rapprochement between the conflicting parties. Second, it explains the factors driving the conduct of EU policies towards the conflict. Finally, this study seeks to show that the European Union framework could have added important incentives for a settlement and resolution of the conflict by providing an alternative context within which to address the basic needs of the principal parties. The case of Cyprus casts a different light on the problems involved in mobilising the EU's multi-level framework of governance in the field of external relations, particularly in situations of active or latent crisis, typical of ethno-political conflicts.
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Clark, Paul Anthony. "J.M.W. Turner's (1775-1851) watercolour materials, ideas and techniques." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1719/.
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Sanelli, Moira. "La gestione integrata delle scorte nella catena logistica." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1719/.
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Momen, Sifat. "Design and modelling of decentralised task allocation mechanisms in groups of mobile agents." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1719/.
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Division of labour is a fundamental field of research within the context of multi-agent (particularly swarm based systems) and multi-robot systems. Eusocial insects, for instance ants and bees, are known to display remarkable capabilities of allocating tasks to nest mates when the colony gets perturbed by any internal and/or external factors. Proper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of division of labour among these social insects would enable more effective designing and developing of artificial swarm based systems which in turn can be used in tackling various real world problems. At the same time, a properly built model can be used to serve as a platform for the biologists to test their research hypotheses. These key benefits have been the prime motivations of this thesis. The thesis is based on the behaviour of ant colonies and especially on how they allocate tasks in different situations. The objectives of the thesis are twofold: (1) to develop an artificial simulated system that is ant-like and (2) to explore, identify, develop and analyse task allocation strategies within the realms of colony performance. The first objective of the thesis is approached by investigating the behaviour of ant colonies from the existing literature and modelling their behaviours using an agent based modelling approach. To determine whether the model has met the first objective, three questions are posed: (A) Is the emergent system scalable? (B) Is the emergent system flexible? and (C) Is the system robust? For a system to be ant-like, the system has to not only give the appearance of ant-like behaviour but also has to meet these three criteria. As a part of the second objective of the thesis, three task allocation strategies based on ant colony behaviour are proposed. Furthermore, the strategies are critically analysed to investigate the benefits of each of the strategies and also to discover under what circumstances which strategies would perform better. The research reported in this thesis is intended to provide a better understanding of the design issues of task allocation strategies thus enabling researchers to use this as a guide to design effective task allocation strategies within the concerned multi-agent systems.
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Mujkic, Suana. "Äktenskapsmönster bland officerare på Dalregementet 1719-1809." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-7124.
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Marshall, Louise. "Dramatic histories and party politics, 1719-1745." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/6c6b9a09-88a5-4628-9f66-dfda1639b3e7.
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Early eighteenth-century politics were dominated by the rise to power and fall from grace of Sir Robert Walpole. This thesis examines varied responses to the Walpole regime from opposition Whig, Tory, Jacobite and pro-government writers. The discussion focuses on history plays from the period 1719-1745 and considers the role of these texts as vehicles for political comment and propaganda. Of key concern throughout the thesis is the rhetoric of patriotism. Patriot ideology pervades the texts and crosses conventional party boundaries. Alongside patriotism other themes pertinent to political commentary of the period are discussed. In chapter one, 'Ancient Britons and Liberty' texts appropriating Saxon and Celtic history are discussed in relation to contemporary concerns for maintaining the political liberty of the British nation. In chapter two, 'Kings, Ministers, Favourites and Patriot Rhetoric' plays that focus on favouritism are examined alongside contemporary criticism of Walpole as 'favourite' of the Hanoverians. In chapter three, 'Gender and Party Politics in Adaptations of Shakespeare's Histories' the updating of Shakespeare to suit contemporary taste and the impact of these alterations are reflected in a repoliticisation of the plays for party agendas. In chapter four, 'Britain, Empire and Julius Cæsar' representations of Cæsar that suggest positive interpretations of the Emperor conflict with contemporary opinion regarding his contribution to the fall of the Roman republic. Implications for Britain’s own colonial endeavour are also considered in chapter five, ‘Religion and the Ideology of Empire in Turkish History Plays'. This chapter examines plays in which the Scanderbeg history is appropriated to offer a model of British colonialism. Reflecting on Britain's past glories or, past failings, the plays discussed in this thesis offer not only comment on contemporary politics but also representations of an idealised Britishness. By demonstrating what Britons had once been these texts suggest what modem Britons should be.
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Chevallier, Cuenod Marjolaine. "Pierre Poiret (1646-1719), cartésien et mystique." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010511.
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Pierre poiret, ne a metz (en lorraine), mort a rijnsburg (hollande) fut un pasteur huguenot non-conformiste. Cartesien des ses etudes a bale et dans sa premiere oeuvre, cogitationes rationales, 1675, il rejettera le cartesianisme apres sa rencontre avec la prophetesse catholique antoinette bourignon dont il devint disciple et defenseur. Tout en critiquant descartes, malebranche et surtout spinoza et en atta quant la raison orgueilleuse, poiret reste un philosophe, partisa" par exemple de la these de la creation des idees. Dans son systeme theologique, l'oeconomie divine, 1687, il explique l'histoire du salut et combat la predestination en affirmant que l'homme est libre d'accepter ou de rejeter la grace. Precurseur de l'oecumenisme, poiret considere que l'appartenance a l'un des "partis" de la chretiente est indifferente pour le salut. Il cherche a apaiser les protestants de france, contraints apres la revocation de l'edit de nantes de faire acte de catholicisme : ils peuvent ainsi servir dieu. Mais quand fenelon le lui demande, il refuse de se convertir au catholicisme. Poiret diffuse des oeuvres mystiques catholiques pour les protestants du refuge, qui peuvent tirer edification de ce tresor commun (dont l'imitation) la theologie mystique est pour lui la theologie veritable, celle du coeur. La tendance quietiste est importante parmi les auteurs qu'il edite (oeuvres completes de madame guyon). Une bibliographie des ouvrages de poiret qui connurent de nombreuses editions et traductions, ainsi que des ouvrages qu'il publia montre l'audience de cet auteur de son temps. Cette influence se poursuivit longtemps dans les milieux du pietisme separatiste allemand et suisse et en grande-bretagne ou wesley utilise comme catechisme son petit traite de pedagogie. A la croisee de courants intellectuels et spirituels divers, poiret, reste meconnu en france, joua un role important d'intermediairePierre poiret, born metz (lorraine), died rijnsburg (holland), was a non-conformist huguenot pastor. As a student in basel, and in his first work, cogitationes rationales (1675), he espoused cartesianism but abandoned it after meeting the roman catholic prophetess, antoinette bourignon, whese disciple and champion he became. Though critical of descartes, malebranche and especially spinoza and opposed to the arrogance of reason, poiret remained a philosopher, arguing, for example, that ideas were god-created. In his theological system, l'occonomie divine (1687), he explained salvation and refuted predestination by asserting that man was free to accept grace or reject it. As a forerunner of ocumenism he regarded belonging to any "party" of christendom as immaterial to salvation. He sought to reassure french protestants that, even if compelled by the revocation of the edict of nantes to convert to roman catholicism, they could thereby serve god; though he himself refused to convert when fenelon asked him to. Poiret disseminated works of roman catholic mysticism to the protestant community in exile, as belonging to a store of common traesure (such as the imitation of christ) from which all might derive edification. He considered mystical theology to be the true theology, the theology of the heart. There was a marked quietist tendency among the writers he published (such as madame guyon, whose complete works he brought out). A bibliography of poiret's works, which were much published and much translated, and of the works of which he was himself the publisher, shows the audience he commanded in his day. His influence long persisted in the world of german and swiss separatist pietism and in britain, where john wesley used his short pedagogical traetise as a catechism. Standing at the confluence of various intellectual and spiritual currents, poiret, who is still neglected in france, was an important intermediary
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Pacitti, Claudia, and Bonaventura Tauleri. "Écrits historiques, religieux et scientifiques (1693-1719)." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040190.
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Edition critique et commentée de trois textes du XVIIIe siècle. Un manuscrit daté de 1693 ainsi que deux imprimés datés respectivement de 1702 et 1719. Les critères de transcription adoptés sont ceux de la transcription dite interprétative, qui tout en respectant l'authenticité des textes anciens permet de leur donner une nouvelle modernité. L'auteur est un franciscain dont les œuvres sont de portée religieuse : Fundationi di tutti i conventi della procincia di principato de' minori osservanti di san Francesco, historique : Memorie istoriche dell'antica citta d'atina, et scientifique : Discorsi familiari sopra le meteore. Des introductions et des notes d'ordre historique et scientifique (références des citations) accompagnent chaque texteCritical edition with commentaries of three texts of the XVIIIth century. A manuscript written in 1693 and two printed papers written in 1702 and 1719. The transcription criterions used are those of the "interpretative" transcription, which respects the authenticity of the texts and enables at the same time to give them a new modernity. The author is a Franciscan whose works include religious, historical and geographical matters: - Fundationi di tutti i conventi della provincia di principato de' minori osservanti di san francesco. - Memorie istoriche dell'antica citta d'atina. - Discorsi familiari sopra le meteore. Historical and scientific introductions and commentaries complete every text
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Chevallier, Marjolaine. "Pierre Poiret (1646-1719), cartésien et mystique." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612721z.
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Cambra-Djoudi, Christine. "L'œuvre dramatique de Johann Elias Schlegel (1719-1749) : contribution à l'étude de la dramaturgie de la "Frühaufklärung"." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040184.
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"La production dramatique de Johann Elias Schlegel (1719-1749) témoigne de l'évolution qui conduisit le théâtre allemand des scènes ambulantes à une forme fixe. Elle est ici considérée dans son intégralité, en n'excluant aucune pièce, fragment ni ébauche. Les catégories définies par la sémiotique ont permis de définir les caractéristiques de la théâtralité de cet oeuvre,qui constitue l'un des premiers exemples de littéralisation aboutie du théâtre allemand. Par la progressive mise en conformité de sa pratique dramatique avec ses écrits esthétiques innovants, Schlegel rompt avec les règles normatives édictées par Gottsched. D'une dramaturgie de l'"imitatio", telle que la pratique la "Frühaufklärung", Schlegel évolue vers une dramaturgie originale et apporte une contribution non négligeable, même si elle fut bientôt occultée par les bouleversements dûs à Lessing, à l'entreprise qui prit le nom de "Théâtre national". "Johann Elias Schlegel's (1719-1749) dramatic output reveals the evolution that led German drama from the itinerant stages to a fixed form. The dramatic works had to be considered in full, that is, without excluding any play, extract or rough draft. .
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Pascau, Stéphan. "Henri-Joseph Dulaurens (1719-1793) : réhabilitation d'une oeuvre /." Paris : H. Champion, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409775445.
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Sallés, Núria. "Giulio Alberoni y la dirección de la política exterior española después de los tratados de Utrecht: 1715-1719." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396278.
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Giulio Alberoni protagonizó una turbulenta etapa en el gobierno de Felipe V en los años inmediatamente posteriores al fin de la Guerra de Sucesión. Este abate de origen piacentino, agente del duque de Parma en la Corte de Madrid, fue capaz de asentarse en la corte y en el gobierno, y consolidar entre 1715 y 1719 su control sobre la diplomacia española y sobre los mecanismos de toma de decisión, especialmente en la esfera de los asuntos exteriores. El presente trabajo identifica las bases sobre las cuales asentó su valimiento particular, y las fases en la evolución ascendente de su acceso a la gobernanza. La clarificación de estos fundamentos, junto con el estudio de su correspondencia particular con los diplomáticos españoles, permite abordar el análisis de la política exterior que se desplegó en paralelo y la estrategia que la orientaba.Giulio Alberoni had a leading role in Spanish policy-making during the troubled years that followed the end of the War of Spanish Succession. This Piacentine abbot, an agent of the duke of Parma in Madrid, was able to establish himself at Philip V's court and government in Spain. Between 1715 and 1719 Alberoni strengthened his control over Spanish diplomacy and over foreign-policy decision-making mechanisms. This dissertation identifies the foundations of his particular valimiento, and the stages of his increasing access to power. The clarification of these issues, along with the examination of his particular correspondence with Spanish diplomats, sheds new light onto the analysis of post-Utrecht Spanish foreign policy and its underlying strategy.
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Moncunill, Martí Noemí. "Lèxic d'inscripcions ibèriques (1991-2006)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1719.
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"Lèxic d'inscripcions ibèriques (1991-2006)" té l'objectiu fonamental de realitzar una tasca d'estudi i lexicalització de l'ibèric a partir dels textos epigràfics en aquesta llengua coneguts des de l'any 1991 fins al moment de finalització d'aquest estudi. El 1991 és, d'una banda, l'any de publicació del volum IV dels Monumenta Linguarum Hispanicarum de J. Untermann, on apareixen recollides la gran majoria d'inscripcions en llengua ibèrica, i, de l'altra, és també l'any d'edició del Lèxic d'inscripcions ibèriques de Velaza, que, tant per qüestions metodològiques com pel seu abast temporal, és el precedent immediat d'aquest. El material que ha servit de base per a la redacció d'aquesta tesi, per tant, és un material en certa manera de difícil accés, ja que es troba editat sols de manera esparsa en publicacions i revistes de caire divers. Així, doncs, una de les finalitats de la tesi és l'aglutinació i sistematització en una mateixa obra de tot aquest material epigràfic i, en aquest sentit, Lèxic d'inscripcions ibèriques (1991-2006) té la pretensió de funcionar de complement a les obres de referència citades més amunt. D'altra banda, quan ens enfrontem a l'estudi d'una llengua fragmentària i de família lingüística desconeguda, com és el cas que ens ocupa, l'augment del material escrit en aquesta llengua no suposa sols un increment quantitatiu, sinó també, i això és el que justifica en realitat aquesta tesi, significa també un progrés qualitatiu en el domini d'aquesta llengua. El material bàsic que apareix compilat en aquest lèxic el configuren unes 270 inscripcions en llengua ibèrica. Encara que aquest conjunt de textos epigràfics suposa un percentatge relativament baix respecte del total de 2000 epígrafs existents, és un conjunt molt significatiu del que representa aquesta epigrafia. En efecte, en aquestes 270 peces queda ja representada la gran majoria de suports i de sistemes de notació gràfica emprats per escriure l'ibèric. Aquests textos cobreixen també tot el territori i la cronologia en què creiem que es va desenvolupar la pràctica epigràfica en llengua ibèrica.
El lèxic ha estat organitzat a la manera d'un diccionari, en el qual les formes ibèriques es troben ja transcrites i ordenades alfabèticament segons l'ordre llatí habitual. La majoria d'entrades, unes 850, recullen formes segmentades extretes directament dels epígrafs ibèrics, però, entre aquestes, se n'hi troben d'altres en les quals s'estudia, d'una manera més teòrica i general, el funcionament d'una expressió, una seqüència o un sufix recurrents. La tesi també consta d'una introducció general on es proporciona, d'una banda, la informació referent a la metodologia de treball i a l'estructuració de la tesi i on es descriu, de l'altra, la tradició lexicogràfica sobre l'ibèric i l'estat general de coneixement d'aquesta llengua. Al final de l'estudi, s'hi adjunten dos índexs de paraules, la presentació detallada del material i la transcripció dels textos analitzats.
The aim of "Lèxic d'inscripcions ibèriques (1991-2006)" is to update the study and lexicalization of the Iberian language, taking into account the epigraphical texts known from 1991 till 2006. The lexicon has been structured as a dictionary in which the Iberian tokens are already transcripted and arranged in alphabetical order. Most of the forms, approximately 850, are directly attested in Iberian epigraphs; other entries report the analysis of a recurring segment, word or expression in this language.
The introduction focuses on the methodology and structure of the survey. It also incorporates a description of the lexicographical tradition in the Iberian studies as well as a general review of the present knowledge of this language. Two word indexes, a detailed presentation of the material and the transcription of the texts can be found at the end of the lexicon.
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Zhang, Ping. "Economic analysis of state lotteries in the United States." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1719.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Bogozi, Albert. "Elastic modulus study of gold thin film for use as an actuated membrane in a superconductive radio frequency (RF) MicroElectroMechanical (MEM) switch." FIU Digital Commons, 2005. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1719.
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The objective of this research was to find Young's elastic modulus for thin gold films at room and cryogenic temperatures based on the flexional model which has not been previously attempted. Electrical Sonnet simulations and numerical methods using Abacus for the mechanical responses were employed for this purpose. A RF MEM shunt switch was designed and a fabrication process developed in house. The switch is composed of a superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 coplanar waveguide structure with an Au bridge membrane suspended above an area of the center conductor covered with BaTiO3 dielectric. The Au membrane is actuated by the electrostatic attractive force acting between the transmission line and the membrane when voltage is applied. The value of the actuation force will greatly depend on the switch pull-down voltage and on the geometry and mechanical properties of the bridge material. Results show that the elastic modulus for Au thin film can be 484 times higher at cryogenic temperature than it is at room temperature.
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Ngcuka, Zimkhita Zenith. "An assessment of the effectiveness of school governing bodies in implementing school policy: a case study of Xengxe Junior Secondary School in King William's Town district." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1719.
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This study looks at School Governing Bodies and its role and their effectiveness in school management. In terms of the South African Schools Act, all schools are now required to have School Government Bodies to compliment the formal school administrative structures. The research looks at how these bodies have functioned in a rural context. The empirical evidence, supported by other research evidence show that even though these bodies are sometimes dutifully constituted in schools, their functionality and effectiveness remains limited due to a number of reasons. This research study has shown that the ineffectiveness of SGBs in a rural context is attributed to that following key issues- firstly, there is limited knowledge of the functions of SGB, which can be traced to the lack of training on the body member; secondly, there is a inadequate framework in many public schools to engage with the SGBs; and finally there is a lack of school resources to make effective use of these bodies.
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Hurter, Zelda. "Die verband tussen fisieke aktiwiteit en fisieke fiksheid van dertien- tot vyftienjarige seuns van verskillende bevolkingsgroepe in die Noordwes Provinsie / Zelda Hurter." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1719.
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Bancroft, Sharon L. "The Evolution of Urban Community Development Corporations in Response to Contemporary Challenges and Opportunities." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1719.
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Bolourani, Parvin. "Partitioning of the response to cAMP via two specific Ras proteins during Dictyostelium discoideum development." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1719.
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Following starvation, Dictyostelium discoideum cells aggregate, a response that requires chemotaxis to cyclic AMP (cAMP) and the relay of the cAMP signal by the activation of adenylyl cyclase (ACA).
Insertional inactivation of the rasG gene resulted in delayed aggregation and a partial inhibition of early gene expression, suggesting that RasG does have a role in early development. When the responses of rasG⁻ cells to cAMP were compared with the responses of rasC⁻ strain, these studies revealed that signal transduction through RasG is more important in chemotaxis and early gene expression, but that signal transduction through RasC is more important in ACA activation. Characterization of a rasC⁻/rasG⁻ mutant revealed that both cAMP chemotaxis and adenylyl cyclase (ACA) activation were negligible in this strain.
The ectopic expression of carA from the actin 15 promoter restored early developmental gene expression to the rasC⁻/rasG⁻ strain, rendering it suitable for an analysis of cAMP signal transduction. Since there was negligible signaling through either the cAMP chemotactic pathway or the adenylyl cyclase activation pathway in this strain, it is clear that RasG and RasC are the only two Ras subfamily proteins that directly control these pathways. The mutational analysis of Switch I and Switch II regions also defined the key residues that generate functional differences between RasC and RasG.
Rap1 is also activated in response to cAMP but its position in the signal transduction cascade was clarified by the finding that its activation was totally abolished in rasC⁻/rasG⁻/[act15]:carA and in rasG⁻ cells, but only slightly reduced in rasC⁻ cells. The finding that in vitro guanylyl cyclase activation is also abolished in the rasC/rasG⁻4act15]:carA strain identifies RasG⁻/RasC⁻ as the presumptive monomeric GTPases required for this activation.
The phenotypes of the vegetative ras null mutants were also examined. The results indicate that RasG plays an important role in cytokinesis. The partial absence of chemotaxis to folate in rase cells compared to the total absence of chemotaxis to folate in rasC⁻/rasG⁻, and rasC⁻/rasG⁻/[act15]:carA cells suggests a compensatory role of RasC for RasG during this process, a similar phenomenon to that observed for cAMP chemotaxis by aggregating cells.
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Geissler, Johannes. "Lower inflation : ways and incentives for central banks." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1719.
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This thesis is a technical inquiry into remedies for high inflation. In its center there is the usual tradeoff between inflation aversion on the one hand and some benefit from inflation via Phillips curve effects on the other hand. Most remarkable and pioneering work for us is the famous Barro-Gordon model - see (Barro & Gordon 1983a) respectively (Barro & Gordon 1983b). Parts of this model form the basis of our work here. Though being well known the discretionary equilibrium is suboptimal the question arises how to overcome this. We will introduce four different models, each of them giving a different perspective and way of thinking. Each model shows a (sometimes slightly) different way a central banker might deliver lower inflation than the one shot Barro-Gordon game at a first glance would suggest. To cut a long story short we provide a number of reasons for believing that the purely discretionary equilibrium may be rarely observed in real life. Further the thesis provides new insights for derivative pricing theories. In particular, the potential role of financial markets and instruments will be a major focus. We investigate how such instruments can be used for monetary policy. On the contrary these financial securities have strong influence on the behavior of the central bank. Taking this into account in chapters 3 and 4 we come up with a new method of pricing inflation linked derivatives. The latter to the best of our knowledge has never been done before - (Persson, Persson & Svenson 2006), as one of very view economic works taking into account financial markets, is purely focused on the social planer's problem. A purely game theoretic approach is done in chapter 2 to change the original Barro-Gordon. Here we deviate from a purely rational and purely one period wise thinking. Finally in chapter 5 we model an asymmetric information situation where the central banker faces a trade off between his current objective on the one hand and benefit arising from not perfectly informed agents on the other hand. In that sense the central bank is also concerned about its reputation.
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McConnell, James Casey. "Epigenetic mechanisms in the early life programming of obesity." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1719.
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Obesity presents a major public health burden with prevalence rising in both children and adults. This disorder is associated with many adverse health outcomes and improved understanding of the mechanisms is required to develop effective preventive and treatment strategies. It has been hypothesised that environmental exposures such as poor nutrition in utero and during the early post natal period can programme an individual to develop obesity in later life. These early life exposures can be ‘memorised’ by the cell in the form of epigenetic modifications, changes to the biochemical structure and function of DNA. Such modifications include DNA methylation, the addition of a methyl group to cytosine residues which is involved in the regulation of gene transcription. Epigenetic mechanisms therefore represent an attractive mechanism to explain developmental programming phenomena. The overarching aim of this study was to establish the mediating role of epigenetic processes in linking modifiable environmental exposures with subsequent risk of obesity. This was addressed through interrogation of animal models, through the development and application of bioinformatic approaches and through epidemiological investigation of human population studies. Tissue level DNA methylation patterns were investigated in hypothalamus using immunohistochemical staining. No significant differences were discernible between methylation levels in the hypothalami of control rodents when compared to hypothalami from rodents that had been exposed in utero to a dietary regimen that induces metabolic perturbation and obesity in offspring. Bioinformatic approaches were used to develop and apply an in silico workflow to interrogate gene expression dataset, in this instance from a rodent model of dietary manipulation in utero and early postnatal life. The purpose of this in silico interrogation was to identify loci that were strong candidates for epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Four genes, Esr1, Fxn, Igf2r and Rbl2 were identified and the levels of promoter methylation at these loci were assessed in rodent liver tissue from offspring of exposed and unexposed mothers using pyrosequencing. DNA methylation levels in Igf2r were observed to be higher in animals exposed to a maternal obesogenic diet.
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Strong, Velma Pauline Gilstrap. "The views of principals, supervising teachers, and chapter I paraprofessionals on the actual and ideal role behavior of chapter I paraprofessionals." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1989. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1719.
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The purpose of this study was to determine if discrepancies existed in the views of principals, supervising teachers, and Chapter I paraprofessionals regarding the actual and ideal role behavior of Chapter I paraprofessionals. The study also sought to determine if there were discrepancies between paraprofessionals' knowledge of role content and role behavior. In addition, the differences among certain biographical variables: age, sex, education, experience, certification and role knowledge of the paraprofessionals were examined. The study was conducted during the 1988-89 school year.
A questionnaire based on the job description of Chapter I paraprofessionals was developed by the researcher and mailed to randomly selected principals, supervising teachers, and Chapter I paraprofessionals in the elementary schools of a large metropolitan school system. The sample included 27 principals, 46 supervising teachers, and 46 paraprofessionals. Given a list of role behavior tasks on the questionnaire, the respondents were asked to identify actual duties performed by Chapter I paraprofessionals, give frequencies of duties, and indicate ideal duties that should be performed by the paraprofessionals. The paraprofessionals were also asked to complete a role knowledge questionnaire and demographic checklist of biographical variables. There was an 82 percent return of completed questionnaires.
FINDINGS Significant differences were found in the views of principals, supervising teachers, and the paraprofessionals themselves regarding ideal role behavior of paraprofessionals.
Significant differences were found between the views of Chapter I paraprofessionals concerning their actual role behavior and their role knowledge. A significant difference was found among age groups of paraprofessionals regarding role knowledge.
It was recommended that administrators, supervising teachers, and Chapter I paraprofessionals be more involved in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the Chapter I program. Adherence to the guidelines should be an important focus; and superintendents should ensure that principals and staff adhere to the guidelines.
Additionally, there should be frequent monitoring of Chapter I services with technical support and assistance available from area, central, and state consultants. In-service should be given at the beginning and continue throughout the school year. Mature and better educated paraprofessionals should be hired for the Chapter I program.
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Rees, Andrew Paul. "The uptake and flux of dissolved nitrogen in marine waters." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1719.
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The biological uptake and transformation of inorganic nitrogen species is described for contrasting marine environments which include a sea loch, riverine plume, polar marginal ice-zone, continental shelf break, oligotrophic ocean and a mesoscale eddy. Uptake of nitrate and ammonium by phytoplankton has been determined using the stable isotope as a tracer and continuous flow stable isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. The analysis of dissolved and atmospheric nitrous oxide was made using electron capture detector gas chromatography in a novel configuration which also allowed for the simultaneous analysis of methane from a single sample. Significant advances in the study of the marine nitrogen cycle have been made and presented to the scientific community via publication in high quality research journals and by the placement of data into the British Oceanographic Data Centre. These are important from local and global perspectives; information on the trophic status of seawaters is presented with respect to seasonal and hydrographical variability, as is the contribution made to knowledge regarding the role of nitrogen in climate change. Nitrogen availability is limiting in many oceans and attempts to constrain the global atmosphere - ocean fluxes of CO2 are based on basin scale nitrogen balances. The development of novel analytical procedures and their subsequent use during a number of field programs and modeling exercises has increased the available knowledge regarding the role of nitrogen in the removal of carbon to the deep ocean. In particular new insights into new production and ultimately carbon export have been made, these include: (i) The accepted threshold limit for phytoplankton uptake of nitrate in the oligotrophic ocean has been reduced from 0.016 to 0.005 mmol m ^ (ii) a relationship has been described relating the size structure of the phytoplankton productivity to new production which can be used as a direct estimate of carbon export, (iii) a series of algorithms have been produced to allow the basin scale estimation of new production from satellite and ship derived data, and (iv) whilst nitrous oxide plays a significant role in radiative forcing and stratospheric ozone depletion, an area in the Southern Ocean was found to provide a seasonal sink to atmospheric N2O.
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Silva, Júlio César Rodrigues da. "Etnofísica e gastronomia do noroeste mineiro: possibilidades para uma prática pedagógica no Ensino Médio." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNIVATES, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10737/1719.
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A presente dissertação apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou explorar, a partir de uma intervenção pedagógica nas aulas de Física, com alunos do 2º ano do Ensino Médio, aspectos referentes à Gastronomia do Noroeste Mineiro, tendo como aporte teórico o campo da Etnofísica. O problema de pesquisa esteve concentrado na questão: Quais as possíveis articulações entre a Física Escolar e a Gastronomia do Noroeste Mineiro que emergem a partir de uma prática pedagógica? Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: elaborar e desenvolver uma prática pedagógica na disciplina de Física, contemplando aspectos da cultura do Noroeste Mineiro, em particular os relacionados à gastronomia; relacionar os conhecimentos físicos presentes na gastronomia com os usualmente explorados na Física escolar; possibilitar novas formas de ensino e aprendizagem que valorizassem a cultura, o pensamento e o saber dos alunos. Para a fundamentação teórica, percorreu-se um caminho, partindo da análise de cenários históricos da educação brasileira, em que foram estudadas e discutidas questões vinculadas ao ensino da Física (ou de ciências da natureza). Em seguida, apresentou-se a Etnofísica, um campo de estudos que emerge das etnociências e, em síntese, demonstra os saberes utilizados no meio sociocultural e suas interações com os fenômenos físicos presentes no cotidiano. Dessa forma, o tema gastronomia tornou-se o elo entre a Física escolar e os conceitos físicos presentes no meio sociocultural dos sujeitos envolvidos. Durante a intervenção foram realizadas práticas que consistiram em saídas a campo, pesquisas históricas do desenvolvimento da cidade, entrevistas com familiares e um aluno, e escrita de minilivros. Ocorreram também aulas práticas em que as cozinhas transformaram-se em laboratórios socioculturais de Física. A pesquisa foi de cunho qualitativo e os dados foram coletados no decorrer de todas as atividades propostas, por meio do Diário de Campo do pesquisador; do caderno de registros dos alunos; de imagens das práticas com alunos e demais participantes; de áudios e vídeos (cujas falas foram transcritas posteriormente); depoimentos dos participantes (alunos e entrevistados) de modo formal e informal; pesquisas de satisfação com alunos e pais dos alunos e elaboração de minilivros. Após a análise dos dados, emergiram três unidades de análise: a) As “físicas” emergentes da gastronomia do Noroeste Mineiro; b) Alunos mediadores de conhecimentos: construindo relações com a sala de aula; e c) A criatividade, a interação e os envolvimentos: autonomia e “trocas educativas”. Os resultados apontam principalmente a emersão de saberes ligados ao que a Física escolar intitula de: termologia, dinâmica e hidrostática. Ficou evidenciado que os procedimentos físicos, desenvolvidos no cotidiano do grupo cultural do educando, podem ser usados na sala de aula para tornar a aprendizagem mais expressiva, pois podem proporcionar a socialização entre alunos, famílias e comunidade escolar e, também, o respeito mútuo entre saberes acadêmicos e saberes populares.
This thesis presents the outcomes of a research whose aim was exploring, through a pedagogical intervention in the lessons of Physics with second-year students in Secondary School, aspects regarding Northeastern Minas Gerais Culinary, theoretically supported by the field of Ethnophysics. The research problem posed was: what are the possible connections between school Physics and Northeastern Minas Gerais Culinary that may emerge from an educational practice? The purposes of this study were: designing and developing an educational practice in Physics that encompasses cultural aspects of Northeastern Minas Gerais, more specifically those related to its culinary; relating knowledge of physics present in culinary to those usually explored in school physics; and finally, enabling new teaching/learning ways that value culture and students’ knowledge and thinking. The theoretical foundation was based on the analysis of historical sceneries of Brazilian education, in which questions connected to the teaching of Physics (or Natural Sciences) were studied and discussed. Subsequently, the study approached Ethnophysics, a field of knowledge derived from the Ethnosciences which, briefly put, presents knowledge used in the socio-cultural environment and its interactions with the phenomena of physics in daily life. Thus, the theme “culinary” became the link between school Physics and the physics concepts present in the socio-cultural environment of the subjects involved. During the intervention, practices were carried out, consisting of field trips, historical research of the city development, interviews with family members and a student and the writing of mini books. Moreover, hands-on classes in which kitchens became socio-cultural laboratories of Physics took place. This research was qualitative and data were collected in the activities proposed, through the teacher/researcher’s field journal, students’ record notebook, images of the practices with students and other participants, audio recording and shootings (which were subsequently transcribed), informal and formal participants’ impressions (students and interviewees), satisfaction survey with students and their parents and designing of mini books. After data analysis, three units emerged: a) The “Physics” emerging from Northwestern Minas Gerais culinary; b) Students mediating knowledge: establishing relationships with the classroom; and c) Creativity, interaction and engagement: autonomy and educational “exchanges”. Outcomes pointed to the emerging knowledge connected to what school Physics calls: thermology, dynamics and hydrostatics. It became clear that the procedures of physics, performed in the daily life of the students’ cultural group, can be used inside the classroom to make learning more significant, once they enable sharing this among students, families and school community and promote mutual respect between academic and popular knowledge.
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Theodore, Lori Linn. "Nursing Faculty Perceptions of and Responses to Student Incivility." ScholarWorks, 2015. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1719.
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Student incivility has become a problem in nursing schools around the country. Researchers have noted that uncivil behavior that goes unaddressed may compromise the educational environment. Nursing faculty have differing standards about uncivil behavior; thus, students experience inconsistencies in approaches to incivility. The purpose of this mixed-methods explanatory study was to explore nursing faculty experiences with, understandings of, and responses to student incivility. The conceptual framework was Clark's continuum of incivility and the conceptual model for fostering civility in nursing education. Descriptive analysis of the level and frequency of uncivil behaviors of nursing faculty members (17 full-time and 15 part-time), as measured by the Incivility in Nursing Education-Revised survey, indicated that faculty most frequently experienced uncivil behaviors at the lower end of the continuum and rarely encountered those at the higher end. A purposeful sample of 12 faculty members (10 full-time and 2 part-time) participated in semistructured interviews, and data were open coded and analyzed thematically. Stress was identified as a contributing factor to student incivility, and faculty responses varied based on the learning environment. Nursing faculty expressed the need for more consistency in responding to student incivility. Based on the research findings, a 3-day professional development workshop on promoting civility in the academic environment was created. By learning practical ways to respond to, and possibly prevent, uncivil behavior in student nurses, workshop participants have the potential to positively affect the lives of future nurses, the health care personnel with whom they will work, and the patients for whom they will care.
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Nel, Nanette Marguerite. "The handbag as social idiom and carrier of meaning : inner self projected as outer person." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1719.
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Thesis (MA (VA)(Visual Arts))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.The purpose of the thesis is to contextualise my art works in theoretical terms. As counterpart to my art practice and consistent with its subject matter, the thesis deals with the handbag as subject and investigates the formation of an idiomatic, metaphorical or symbolic visual language that emerges in my handbag Collections. The thesis traces how such language pertains to social, cultural and personal history as sources of its conception to also serve as foundation for the conception of my art works. Its central questions are formulated around ‘how’, thus investigating the formative, the developmental and the process. Its thinking is relativist, embracing the belief that no option is absolute, but rather as susceptible to change as it is open to interpretation. As events of change and change inducing events, developmental processes are posed in a framework of generative structuralism that comprises the internalisation of externalities and the externalisation of internalities. As such it structures an attempt to define the genesis of my aesthetic idiolect in and from a cultural context. The thesis therefore posits its secondary aims as investigative rather than determinist of how social and cultural context informs my art-making processes and how generation and development occur in my art-making processes in order to determine how these factors contribute to a personal voice becoming evident in my work. My art practice and art works serve as primary sources of information and the thesis partially serves as a process of textual re-articulation of my own art-making practices to reveal the relationships between habitus as generative structure, enaction of identity and aesthetic idiolect.
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Aaron, Alex F. "The Good Killing." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1719.
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This paper will provide a far-ranging analysis of the relevant aspects of the filmmaking process as it pertains to the development and production of the thesis project, The Good Killing. This analysis will include both a detailed, biographic overview of the making of the film, as well as an in-depth critique of the creative decision-making and practical methodology that guided the production. In this regard, special attention will be first be given to how the project was initially conceived, and, broadly speaking, what was originally intended. Secondly, proceeding sections will examine key elements of the filmmaker’s technical planning, performance, and working philosophy, specifically citing directing style, cinematography, sound and editing. Through this evaluative process, the film will be judged from the standpoint of both concept and execution in order to determine overall success.
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Johnston, L. C. Bud. "The Effects of Various Kinds of Background Music on the I.Q. Scores of Ninth-Grade Students." TopSCHOLAR®, 1985. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1719.
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One hundred 9th-grade students were divided into four groups of 25 each through systematic sampling procedures. Each of the groups were tested, pre and post, by the Otis-Lennon Mental Ability Test, forms J and K. During the pretest for all groups, the background condition of silence was observed. During the posttest, one group was again tested in silence. The other three groups were each tested to one of three background conditions: pop music, hard rock music, and soft rock music. Pop music played was characterized as more mellow, more melodic, and less intense than rock music. Hard rock music played was characterized as the most intense form with the hardest-driving beat, as well as being the least melodic form of the three. Soft rock music played was characterized as similar to hard rock but somewhat less intense and hard-driving.
A comparison was made, through a series of 12 t-tests, between pretest and posttest means of all subjects, all male subjects, all female subjects, and each of the four groups – intact, males only, and females only. No significant differences in mean scores were found at the .01 or .05 levels of significance. The only two groups whose mean scores approached significance were the groups that listened to pop music and the males only from the pop music group. Lower posttest scores for certain individuals were noted. More of these were found in the group that listened to pop music than in any other group.
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Fonseca, Mónica Azevedo. "Perspectiva de um fornecedor de serviços de marketing sobre a criação de valor decorrente das interacções com o cliente: aplicação a uma empresa de consultoria editorial." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/1719.
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Mestrado em MarketingA noção de valor tem vindo a merecer um interesse crescente por investigadores na área do marketing. Alguns autores sustentam o desenvolvimento de novas perspectivas sobre o marketing, argumentando que a ênfase no valor não só torna obsoleta a distinção entre produtos e serviços, como contribui para que se reconheça o papel das interacções fornecedor-cliente no processo de co-criação de valor. A presente dissertação pretende analisar a criação de valor na óptica dos fornecedores envolvendo serviços e relacionamentos. Neste âmbito, realizou-se um estudo empírico com base na actividade de uma empresa especialista no sector editorial, prestadora de serviços em outsourcing no contexto B2B (business to business). O estudo salienta ainda o papel do desenvolvimento de competências e as funções indirectas dos relacionamentos nas percepções dos actores sobre a criação de valor.
The concept of value has received growing attention in the marketing literature. Several authors have developed new marketing perspectives, arguing that the focus on value not only renders the traditional distinction between products and services obsolete, but also contributes to the recognition of the role played by supplier-customer relationships in the value co-creation process. This dissertation aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the supplier’s perspective of value creation through business services and relationships. In order to achieve this purpose, an empirical study was undertaken with an editorial consulting firm, supplier of outsourcing services in a B2B (business to business) environment. This empirical study highlighted the role played by skills’ development and by indirect functions of business relationships on the actors’ perceptions regarding value creation.
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Amaro, Ana. "Atenuação dos códigos de moda na sociedade actual." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/1719.
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Durante séculos as sociedades ocidentais, e não só, exibiam a sua classe, claramente, através das vestes, até se iniciar um processo de democratização de consumo. Na sociedade em que vivemos observa-se uma atenuação dos códigos de vestuário de Moda, que advém da Revolução Industrial e do desenvolvimento social do século XX. Nos dias que correm a hierarquia social mantém-se e, com ela, muita diferenciação em termos de vestuário, mas nunca antes como agora nos é tão difícil compreendê-la a olho nu. A percepção da posição social de determinado indivíduo naquilo que faz parecer aos outros e nos significados que tenta passar encontra-se esbatida. Os padrões de consumo de Moda alteram-se na sociedade actual, fazendo crer uma difícil previsão dos comportamentos do consumidor. A permissividade actual é maior, não podendo ser apontados os códigos como dictatórios de comportamento, pensando-se assim que as tendências o podem ser mais vincadamente.
Esta dissertação tem como objectivo desenvolver o pensamento teórico na área da de Moda, pensando-a enquanto reflexo da sociedade actual e ferramenta importante na expressão individual. Esta tipologia de estudo poderá beneficiar as áreas que trabalham com e para a Moda; caso do Design, do Marketing, da Sociologia e do Coolhunting.For innumerous centuries, social classes were distinguished, especially in the Western Societies, through the diverse garments until starting a process of democratization of consumption. In our current society, an attenuation of the Fashion dress codes has settled in. This development can be observed since the Industrial Revolution and that were being rampant trough XX century. Social hierarchy has maintained in the current society and has guaranteed a large selection of clothing, although unlike the previous periods, it is hard to distinguish the social order and diverse characteristics through the naked eye. Fashion consumption patterns have changed in the present society, implying the possibility of a more challenging prediction of the contemporary consumer behavior. Nowadays permittivity is bigger and the codes can not be indicated as dictators of conduct, thus considering that the trends may be more marked. So, nowadays it becomes less noticeable the social position of a particular individual in that he does seem to others, the meanings that tries to pass. The dissertation aims at analyzing a theoretical thought about Fashion as a reflection of today’s society as well as an important tool for individual expression. This undergoing study could benefit diverse areas that work with and for fashion such as: Design, Marketing, Sociology and Coolhunting.
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Rivera, Sánchez Edwin Alberto. "Bioseguridad en internos de odontología del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue en el año 2002." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1719.
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El presente estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, transversal, teniendo como propósito evaluar el nivel de conocimiento y cumplimiento de las Normas de Bioseguridad en Internos de Odontología del Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue en el año 2002. Para determinar el nivel de conocimiento se elaboró un cuestionario de 24 preguntas, agrupándose los resultados en 4 intervalos y el cumplimiento se evaluó a través de una lista de cotejo, el cual fue realizado observando a los internos durante su actividad clínica sin que éstos se dieran cuenta que eran evaluados. El nivel de conocimiento fue muy bueno y el cumplimiento abarcó al 59.5% de internos. No se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa entre el nivel de conocimiento y el cumplimiento de las normas. Se encontró que casi el 50% de internos incumplió el lavado de manos. El 100% de los internos no cumplió con los métodos para reducir la formación de aerosoles. Un alto porcentaje tenía conocimiento y cumplió con el manejo correcto de desechos contaminados. El 17% de internos no conocía el esquema de vacunación contra el VHB y el 19% no recibió ninguna de las dosis.-- The present study was of descriptive, crosssectional type, having live intention to evaluate the level of knowledge and fulfillment of the Norms of Bioseguridad in Internal of Dentistry of the National Hospital Hipólito Unanue in 2002. In order to determine the knowledge level a questionnaire of 24 questions was elaborated, grouping itself the results in 4 intervals and the fulfillment was evaluated through a list of collate, which was made observing the internal ones discreetly during its clinical activity. The knowledge level was very good and the fulfillment included to the 59.5% of internal. Was not statistically significant relation between the level of knowledge and the fulfillment of the norms. One was that almost 50% of internal failed to fulfill the washing of hands. The 100% of the internal ones did not fulfill the methods to reduce the formation of aerosols. A high percentage had knowledge and fulfilled the correct handling of contaminated remainders. 17% of internal did not know the scheme vaccination against the VHB and 19% did not receive any of the doses.
Tesis
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Alves, Ana Cristina Borba. "Exclusão social, invisibilidade e inclusão no sistema penal: a reincidência como resposta ao olhar do (o)outro." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/1719.
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Previous issue date: 2006Esta disertación del maestreado se propone remontar el paso transdisciplinar para algunos problemas que implican la violencia. Analiza la práxis del funcionamiento de los sistemas sociales, políticos, económicos y criminales brasileños, preguntando sobre las prácticas y las políticas criminales usadas bajo discurso de la defensa social, eso en la práctica se ha demostrado como generadores de más violencia con el uso inmensurable de la energía punitiva del Estado. Separa la importancia de la mirada del otro y la importancia de la energía en la consumición, en la constitución del ciudadano. Atribuye a la exclusión de los derechos a lo derecho de la ciudadanía (gramatical de la exclusión) una de las causas que conducirían al desviamiento primario (gramatical de la inclusión) del individuo en lo criminal y la cárcel de los sistemas, que es selectivo, estereotipante, estigmatizante y perverso. Trata, no obstante, la actual investigación para separar la selectividad del sistema del control criminal. Selectividad en la opción de la gente a quién desea alcanzar, seleccionando los hechos y, otra vez, después de seleccionar los hechos, la elección en exegese todavía se distingue, es decir, los que no tendrían que ser incluidos, formas más diversas torcidas con el retórico acaban para excluirlo del sistema con un uso de de la norma. Separa o no el poder consumir como uno de los grandes malestares del brasilidade en el actual tiempo. Los standares hacia fuera la importancia de la mirada e iguala el invisibilidade a una forma de no existencia, a la vez que levanta las maldiciones de un estigmatizante y de un estereotipante miran, que hace con ésa la recaída es fruta de una reacción social a la mirada de la otra. Una profecía que si autocumpre. spa
Esta dissertação de mestrado pretende efetuar percurso transdisciplinar por algumas problemáticas que envolvem a violência. Analisa a práxis da atuação dos sistemas social, político, econômico e penal brasileiros, e questiona as práticas e políticas criminais utilizadas sob o discurso da defesa social, estas que, no cotidiano, têm-se mostrado como (re)produtoras de crescente violência, originada no desmesurado acionamento do poder punitivo do Estado. Destaca a importância do olhar do (O)outro e a importância do poder de consumo na constituição do sujeito. Atribui à exclusão dos direitos ao direito de cidadania (gramática da exclusão) uma das causas que levariam à desviação primária (gramática da inclusão) do indivíduo nos sistemas penal e carcerário, ambos seletivos, estereotipantes, estigmatizantes e perversos. Trata, ainda, a presente pesquisa, de destacar a seletividade do sistema de controle penal. Seletividade na escolha das pessoas a quem quer atingir, ao selecionar os fatos e, novamente, após selecionados os fatos, seletividade na exegese, ou seja, a exclusão daqueles que não deveriam ser incluídos no sistema, os quais acabam excluídos por distorções formais, através da aplicação retórica da norma. Destaca o (não) poder consumir como um dos grandes mal-estares da brasilidade no momento atual. Ressalta a importância do olhar e equipara a invisibilidade a uma forma de não-existência, ao mesmo tempo em que levanta os malefícios de um olhar estigmatizante e estereotipante, o qual faz com que a reincidência seja fruto de uma reação social ao olhar do outro. Uma profecia que se autocumpre.
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Ferraz, Melissa Mayer. ""Em busca do céu no inferno, as ironias da vontade em : 'o Jogo da Amarelinha', de Julio Cortázar"." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/1719.
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O presente estudo procura aprofundar a compreensão do romance de Julio Cortázar, O Jogo da Amarelinha, investigando o papel que a noção de jogo e o questionamento e mobilidade de fronteiras entre gêneros literários e literatura, arte e filosofia desempenham na busca de uma transcendência imanente e comunicável, que é o projeto da obra. Essa busca de um céu na terra, impulsionada por uma vontade que perde seus contornos e devora a si mesma, acaba por se converter em um irônica descida aos infernos. Pelas ironias da vontade e pelo cuidadoso trabalho do autor, porém, é nesse inferno que brilharão as centelhas do céu humano. Por meio da comparação com outras obras da literatura latino-americana e universal, bem como das contribuições críticas e filosóficas pertinentes ao tema e de alguns trabalhos plásticos, nos quais se aborda a problemática do dizer/mostrar uma experiência que é humana e, ao mesmo tempo, está além do homem, foi se montando este trabalho. Realizamos uma abordagem que partiu de indicações do próprio texto estudado e de contrapontos que ele, em sua vertiginosa empreitada irônica, insinuava, demonstrando que a unidade fundamental da produção cortazariana, dos gêneros literários e das diversas formas de arte e reflexão, repousa naquela experiência inefável, comunicada de formas variáveis. Finalmente, notamos que a rede de relações que se tece na obra, a partir da temática do lúdico, unifica experiência amorosa, estética e intelectual, apontando para uma compreensão mais flexível e ampla de racionalidade, na qual a vontade, sempre equilibrada pela ironia, desempenha um papel fundamental.
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Sbai, Chaker. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation des processus de morphogenèse de structures complexes chez les insectes sociaux." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1719/.
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La construction d'un nid est un comportement que l'on rencontre dans tout le règne animal. Ce nid aura en particulier le rôle de protéger l'animal, sa progéniture et la nourriture, des conditions extérieures et des éventuels prédateurs. Les nids les plus spectaculaires résultant d'activités collectives. Dans un premier temps, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'effet d'une variation environnementale, la rugosité du substrat, sur les structures résultant de l'activité de construction chez la fourmi Lasius niger, notamment des piliers dont nous avons observé la dynamique spatio-temporelle grâce a un scanneur de surface. Nous n'avons trouvé aucun effet de la rugosité sur les variables étudiées (vitesse de construction, distances inter-pilier). Dans un second temps, nous nous sommes intéressés au phénomène de déplacement chez la fourmi Lasius niger. Nous avons construit un modèle de pistes avec angle de perception et un autre modèle avec diffusion de phéromones. Une analyse de sensibilité a montré que la vitesse d'apparition de pistes est fortement influencé par le taux de dépôt et d'évaporation de phéromones, moins fortement par l'angle de perception et qu'elle est quasiment indépendante de la diffusion de phéromones. Enfin, nos recherches ont porté sur le phénomène thigmotactique chez la fourmi Lasius niger. On a d'abord confirmé que les fourmis Lasius niger ne déposent pas de phéromones pendant la phase exploratoire. Pour comprendre la distribution spatiale durant l'exploration, nous analysons les comportements thigmotactiques de Lasius niger et identifions les règles comportementales pendant le déplacement et les arrêts des fourmis. On a construit une hiérarchie de modèles individus-centrés de mouvements individuels pour vérifier si ces règles comportementales peuvent expliquer la distribution spatiale des fourmis. On a trouvé une bonne cohérence qualitative, mais une nouvelle méthode de sélection de modèle indique que tous nos modèles sont quantitativement différents des observationsNests and the related construction behaviors can be found throughout the animal kingdom. Nests should protect the animal, its descendants and its food from environmental conditions and predators. The most spectacular nests can be found in social animals where they result from collective activities. In the first chapter we ask whether an environmental variable (roughness of the surface) influences the structures built by the black garden ant Lasius niger, in particular pillar formation. The spatiotemporal dynamics of this activity had been observed in the laboratory with a surface scanner. We did not find any significant effect of surface roughness on the studied variables (construction speed, inter-pillar distances). In the second chapter we focus on the movement of Lasius niger during exploration. We built a model with a perception angle and another model with diffusion of the pheromone traces. A sensitivity analysis showed that trail appearance speed is strongly influenced by pheromone deposition or evaporation rates, less strongly by the perception angle and that seems to be independent of pheromone diffusion. Finally, our research focused on the thigmotactic behavior in the ant Lasius Niger and the resulting ant densities in an experimental setup with borders. We at first confirmed that Lasius Niger ants do not lay pheromone trails during the exploration phase. In order to understand their spatial distribution during exploration , we analyzed their thigmotactic behavior and identified the behavioral rules underlying movement and stopping. We built a hierarchy of individual based models to test if the identified behavioral rules can explain the ants' spatial distribution. We find a good qualitative coherence, but a new model selection method shows that all our models differ quantitatively from the observations
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Pretzer, Kenan W. "Protective Relaying Student Laboratory." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2017. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1719.
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Facing a rapidly-changing power industry, the electrical engineering department at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo proposed Advanced Power Systems Initiatives to better prepare its students for entering the power industry. These initiatives call for the creation of a new laboratory curriculum that uses microprocessor-based relays to reinforce the fundamental concepts of power system protection. This paper summarizes a laboratory system fit for this task and presents a set of proposed laboratory experiments to establish a new laboratory course at Cal Poly. The experiments expose students to the capabilities of industry-standard microprocessor-based relays through hands-on procedures that demonstrate common power system protection schemes. Relays studied in this project support transformer, transmission line, and induction motor protection.
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Ruiz, Gstir Lizbeth, and Zegarra Richard David Veliz. "Valoración corporación Lindley S.A." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/1719.
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En este documento se realizará la valoración de Corporación Lindley S.A. (en adelante Lindley o la empresa), actualmente líder del mercado de bebidas no alcohólicas. Se toman en cuenta factores macroeconómicos, de la industria y del mercado, considerando –además- las diferentes estrategias utilizadas por la empresa. También se describen expectativas de crecimiento junto con supuestos que contribuyen a la obtención del valor por acción de la empresa. Haciendo uso de información pública, noticias referentes a la empresa e industria -fuentes que se consideran confiables y relevantes-, entrevistas con uno de sus ejecutivos, supuestos, y procedimientos analíticos en tres escenarios distintos, se concluye que, a la fecha, el valor de la empresa en un escenario esperado utilizando el modelo de flujos descontados es de S/ 2.613.905 con un valor por acción de S/ 4,01. Históricamente, las acciones de inversión son poco líquidas, cerrando éstas el 2016 en S/ 3,00, por lo que la recomendación para inversiones en la acción de la empresa es comprar. Cabe mencionar que en agosto 2016 la agencia calificadora Fitch Ratings (Diario Gestión 2016) ha elevado la calificación global de la deuda corporativa de la empresa de “BBB-” a “BBB+”, esto debido a la integración con Arca Continental y The Coca-Cola Company, la posición sólida en el mercado peruano de bebidas -70% de mercado de bebidas carbonatadas, liderazgo en el mercado de aguas, jugos- y la reducción de su nivel de endeudamiento. Con esto, Corporación Lindley se cataloga como la empresa peruana de consumo masivo con mejor clasificación global.
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Soigné, Christelle Marie Cardoso. "O recurso a meios digitais no contexto do ensino superior : um estudo de uso da plataforma." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/1719.
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Mestrado em Gestão da InformaçãoO presente trabalho propõe uma averiguação sobre a utilização das plataformas de e-Learning no contexto do ensino superior como um complemento ao estudo tradicional e a importância que se atribui a estas práticas. Pretendeu-se fazer uma reflexão crítica sobre a utilização das funcionalidades das plataformas de e-Learning no ensino superior. Neste âmbito tornou-se pertinente questionar sobre a disponibilidade, por parte dos alunos e professores, para a utilização das plataformas de e-Learning como um complemente ao estudo tradicional, sobre a importância que os utilizadores das plataformas de e-Learning atribuem a estas práticas e sobre as percepções que os utilizadores das plataformas de e-Learning têm relativamente à eficiência e eficácia destas como ferramentas de estudo. Para sustentar esta investigação, procedeu-se a uma revisão da literatura. Primeiro pretendeu-se compreender o conceito, os componentes e as características principais do ensino tradicional, bem como as vantagens e desvantagens desta forma de ensino. Também se indicaram os meios digitais disponíveis e utilizados para complementar o estudo dos alunos, fazendo uma maior referência ao e-Learning e ao recurso das plataformas desta prática de ensino. A UFP (Universidade Fernando Pessoa) é uma instituição de ensino superior da cidade do Porto que utiliza como plataforma de e-Learning a UFP-UV (Universidade Virtual da Universidade Fernando Pessoa) que tem por base a tecnologia Sakai. Para avaliar o uso da UFP-UV na UFP foi, em seguida, tomado um estudo de caso, realizando um inquérito a docentes e alunos desta instituição de ensino superior. Em termos globais, os resultados que se obtiveram foram relevantes e de alguma forma decisivos para responder às questões levantadas no início do trabalho, pois concluiu-se que, de uma forma geral, os utilizadores estão disponíveis e sentem-se confiantes para o uso das plataformas de e-Learning achando importante o recurso a estas práticas como complemento ao ensino tradicional, tornando todo o processo de ensino e aprendizagem mais eficiente e eficaz. ABSTRACT: The proposed work intends to inquire about the e-Learning platform use at university as an addition to the traditional methods and its importance there. It is our goal to reflect upon the usage of the e-Learning platform functionalities on the high level education. It became crucial to inquire both students and teachers and find out about their availability to use e-Learning platforms as an addition to the traditional study method, about the platform importance for them and the perception the e-Learning platform users have about its efficiency and effectiveness as study tools. In order to support this investigation we have made the necessary bibliographic revision about those concepts. We had to understand the traditional study concept, its components and main details as well as its advantages and disadvantages. We have also referred the current digital ways which students use in order to improve their studying as well as a major reference to the e-Learning usage. The UFP (Universidade Fernando Pessoa) is a high level education institution located in Oporto. Based on the Sakai technology, this university uses UFP-UV (Universidade Virtual da Universidade Fernando Pessoa) as their own e-Learning platform. So, in order to analyze the UFP-UV usage in the UFP, we started a case study inquiring teachers and students. The final results were quite relevant and somehow crucial in order to answer the questions asked in the beginning of this project. We concluded that the major university population (teachers and students) are available and feel motivated to use this kind of platforms as a means to improve their study methods as well as making all the learning and teaching process more efficient and effective.
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Haffner, John. "THE EVALUATION OF PAIN EXPERIENCED BY CHILDREN UNDERGOING SIMPLE EXTRACTION USING 2% LIDOCAINE VERSUS ORAQIX TOPICAL ANESTHETIC GEL." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1719.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the pain response experienced by children undergoing simple tooth extractions using 2% Lidocaine injection versus Oraqix topical anesthetic gel. Methods: This study is being conducted at VCU pediatric dentistry clinic. The sample size will consist of 15 children ages 7-12 undergoing a simple extraction procedure. Each participant is randomly assigned to one of two groups, the lidocaine injection group or the Oraqix topical group. The pain level will be measured at four key events during the procedure. The first event will evaluate the pain at baseline. The second event will measure pain during the anesthetic injection or Oraqix topical gel application. The third event will record the response after the tooth has been extracted and the final event will evaluate pain five minutes post operatively. The children are asked to rate their pain using the Facial Pain Scale after all four events. The dentist and an independent observer watching a video of the extraction will also examine and rate the pain responses of each child at each of the four events. Results: The first two participants received lidocaine injection and experienced some pain upon injection. This pain was supported by what the dentist rated as well. One child felt pain on extraction and the other felt nothing. The dentist rated both children as feeling pain. The Oraqix child felt nothing upon application but felt pain during the extraction and post-operatively. The dentist rated the child as feeling nothing during the entire procedure. Conclusions: It appears that the lidocaine injection group’s pain rating matches the pain rating given by the dentist. The Oraqix patient experienced no pain upon application, but did feel pain upon extraction and five minutes post-op. The dentist’s rating contradicted this by rating the child as feeling no pain through the entire procedure. This study is limited by the number of participants and needs more patients to further evaluate other children’s pain responses.
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Lanaras, Olivia. "Alcibiades: Unfulfilled Dreams of Unequivocal Power." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1719.
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Alcibiades was one of the most dynamic and engaging figures of the Peloponnesian War. Like a chameleon, he managed to change himself to fit almost any occasion and audience; few historical figures can claim to have successfully switched allegiances as many times during a conflict. Starting as a general in Athens, he moved on to side with the Spartans, then the Persians, and then returned to Athens. Some would consider him a young and impulsive egoist, but a closer investigation indicates that he more than likely had a larger, pragmatic goal motivating his actions. This essay will aim first to establish his break from the philosophical status quo of Athens, and then to determine the nature of these larger goals. It will pivot around Alcibiades’ address to the Athenian assembly, using it in a comparative analysis of both Pericles’ Funeral Oration, and briefly supplementing it with Plato’s Alcibiades I.
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Yoon, Sang Hoon Kim Dong Joo. "Growth and characterization of ZNO and PZT films for micromachined acoustic wave devices." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1719.
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Chi, Yu-Chieh. "Parallel Computing Approach for One Dimensional Square Well Problem on Schrodinger Equation." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1719.
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The purpose of this study is to simulate the application of the finite difference method for Schrodinger equation by using single CPU, multi-core CPU, and massive-core Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), in particular for one dimension infinite square well problem on Schrodinger equation. In the quantum mechanics, the Schrodinger equation is one of the foundational equations which describe the the quantum state of some changing physical system. The partial differential equation (PDE) describes Schrodinger equation and the finite difference method is used to generate the numerical solution of PDE. In order to expedite the execute time of our algorithm, the parallel computing is exploited to perform the manipulation. In recent years, GPU computing has been widely used for some computing intensive scientific applications due to its high performance and low cost. Therefore, we designed and developed the parallel algorithm in parallel programming API such as OpenMP, openACC and CUDA.
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Zolini, Bruna. "Governança Corporativa: Estrutura de Propriedade e o Valor da Empresa." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/1719.
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A estrutura da maioria das modernas empresas está baseada na separação entre propriedade e controle. Os processos de decisão dessas empresas baseiam-se no desenho subjacente a essa estrutura, e todo este conjunto (desenho e processos) constitui o modelo de Governança Corporativa da empresa. Tal modelo implica uma série de conflitos e de assimetrias de informação, devidamente identificados na literatura de Teoria de Agencia e alargado na moderna pesquisa em Governança Corporativa. Este trabalho visa contribuir para a compreensão da relação entre os modelos de Governança Corporativa e o valor das empresas Brasileiras, medido pelo seu desempenho na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo entre os anos de 2002 e 2006. Em particular pretende-se verificar se existe uma relação significante entre a separação propriedade / controle e o valor das empresas Brasileiras, além de se testar a linearidade desta relação.
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Willis, Jennifer J. "Body Composition and Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in 12 to 17-Year-Old Adolescents." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1719.
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Background and Purpose—There is controversy in the literature regarding the relationship between intima-media thickness (IMT) and body composition among adolescents. This study investigated the relationship between body fat percentage and IMT, while controlling for height, weight, age, blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides and VO2max in 12 to 17-year-old children. Methods—111 children (mean age = 14.33 years) participated in this study. Body fat percentage was assessed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). A B-mode, high-resolution ultrasonograph was used to measure the IMT of the right and left common carotid arteries (CCA). Fasting blood tests were performed to obtain blood lipid and glucose profiles. Blood pressure was measured using an automatic blood pressure cuff.Results—Data were divided into body fat tertiles to compare differences between the upper and lower tertile. Contrary to what might be expected, the mean IMT of the group with the lowest body fat percent was 0.516 mm and the mean IMT for the upper tertile of body fat percent was 0.483 mm (F(2,103) = 5.883, p = 0.004). Post hoc analysis indicated that the two leanest groups had significantly thicker IMT than the group with the highest percent body fat (p = 0.005 and p = 0.027, respectively). The two leanest groups were not significantly different from each other. When controlling for gender, no significant relationship existed between CCA-IMT and body fat percentage (F(2,103) = 2.267, p = 0.109). Conclusions—This study found that there were significant differences in IMT between body fat percentage and CCA-IMT in children and adolescents 12 to 17-years of age. This study did indicate that as body fat increases, risk factors such as cholesterol and triglycerides also increase. Overall, the direct relationship between CCA-IMT and body fat percentage is poorly understood in children and adolescents. Further research is necessary to determine a standardized protocol for assessing atherosclerotic risk in adolescents.
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May, John Edwin. "The McFarlands: "One Season"." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1719.
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This thesis is in support of the Master of Fine Arts exhibition entitled The McFarlands at East Tennessee State University, Slocumb Galleries, Johnson City, Tennessee, November 5th - 9th, 2007. This artist's photographic survey, which lasted approximately two years, investigated the lifeworld of a family in a rural Appalachian town. His photographic work depicts the subjects working on their farm growing tobacco and their relationships within the family unit.
The artist discusses his work in terms of historical and contemporary influences with an emphasis on the relationship to the work of Lewis W. Hine, Wright Morris, Mary Ellen Mark, and David M. Spear.
The thesis includes images and discussion of four works.
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Першина, Е. В. "Внешний фактор трансформации тоталитарных режимов (на примере стран Восточной Европы) : автореф. дис. … канд. полит. наук : 23.00.02." Thesis, б. и, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/1719.
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Pantaleoni, David Armstrong. "High spirited: spirit-work in contemporary China." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1719.
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The People's Republic of China is home to numerous beliefs, practices, and customs dating back hundreds, if not thousands of years. In the time since the death of Mao Zedong, many practices have been revived, including the practice of spirit possession. Through careful examination of books, articles, videos, and other sources, I have come to the conclusion that individuals now capable of being possessed in China are a break from previously documented spirit-mediums, nor do they fit into the category termed `shamans' best defined by Mircea Eliade and I.M. Lewis. These individual are heirs to a long history, but have innovated as well as revived previous practices. They now embody a new category, one I have termed spirit-worker. Spirit-workers incorporate aspects of both traditional spirit-mediumship as well as what has been termed shamanism. Although I did not have a chance to do my own fieldwork, through looking at the various sources, we can come to understand how spirit-workers have begun to emerge in China, and what the future may hold for these individuals.
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Patra, Swadesh. "The Contribution of Magnetospheric Currents to Ground Magnetic Perturbation during Geomagnetic Storms." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1719.
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A geomagnetic storm is triggered in response to a disturbance in the solar wind. The earth's ring current gets energized during a geomagnetic storm, which leads to a decrease in the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field on the earth's surface. The Disturbance Storm Time (Dst) index, which is a measure of the intensity of the ring current, is calculated by taking the average of this decrease in the horizontal intensity across four low latitude magnetometer stations and removing the quiet time secular variations. The rate of decrease of the Dst index is an indicator of the deenergization of the ring current particles. But there are several issues with the Dst measurement as a proxy of the ring current energy. In particular, the percentage contribution of the tail current effect to the Dst index is still debated. In this work, an effort has been made to separate and quantify the possible contribution of the tail current to the Dst index. The relative contribution for a selected set of storms for which the interplanetary magnetic field turned northward abruptly after the peak in Dst was observed is estimated. The WINDMI model of the nightside magnetosphere is used to investigate the contributions of ring current, magnetotail current, and magnetopause current on the observed two-phase decay of the Dst index. The role of different solar wind magnetosphere coupling functions on the Dst index calculated by the WINDMI model is also investigated. The performance of four other coupling functions in addition to the rectified vBs is evaluated. These coupling functions emphasize different physical mechanisms to explain the energy transfer into the magnetosphere due to solar wind velocity, dynamic pressure, magnetic field, and Mach number. One coupling function is due to Siscoe, another by Borovsky, and two by Newell. The results indicate that for a majority of cases, at most only vx, By, and Bz are needed to sufficiently account for the supply of energy to the ring current and geotail current components that contribute to the Dst index. The capabilities of the WINDMI model to reliably determine the state of the global magnetosphere are improved by employing the the Magnetotail (MT) index as a measurement constraint during large geomagnetic storms. The MT index is used as a proxy for the strength of the magnetotail current in the magnetosphere. The inclusion of the MT index as an optimization constraint in turn increases our confidence that the ring current contribution to the Dst index calculated by the WINDMI model is correct during large geomagnetic storms. To improve the models prediction of AL index, we also modify the ionospheric conductivity and fit to two substorms. The rate of reduction of convection in the magnetotail for some of these storms is numerically simulated by using inner magnetospheric models like the Fok Ring Current (FRC) and the Rice Convection Model along with the global BATSRUS model at the community coordinated modeling center. Model results are compared against magnetometer data by creating movie maps from several low-latitude magnetometer stations. The results indicate the contribution from the tail current to the Dst is important. In addition, the reduction of the cross-tail current during substorm dipolarization is predicted by the measured isotropic boundary locations. Several well known phenomena are identified in the magnetometer movie maps.