Journal articles: '1786-1846'

1

Komorowski, Jaroslaw. "Shakespeare and the Birth of Polish Romanticism: Vilna 1786–1846." Theatre Research International 21, no. 2 (1996): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883300014723.

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The first phase of a long and complex process of the Polish reception of William Shakespeare's oeuvre ended in the middle of the nineteenth century with the popularization of new translations and the gradual elimination of French and German classicist adaptations. Vilna, vital centre of Polish culture, science and art, was the birthplace of Polish Romanticism and a hotbed of theatrical innovation. Vilna was also, at the turn of the eighteenth century, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and one of the major cities of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The school stage of Vilna Academy, established by Stefan Batory in 1578, had been active since 1582. In 1639, English actors belonging to Robert Archer's company may have visited the town; though the performances planned by King Wladyslaw IV did not take place. A permanent professional theatre was opened in 1785, when Wojciech Boguslawski, the greatest personality of the theatre of the Polish Enlightenment, came up from Warsaw with his troupe.

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Scott, James W., and James R. Gibson. "Farming the Frontier: The Agricultural Opening of the Oregon Country, 1786-1846." Journal of American History 73, no. 3 (December 1986): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1903011.

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Karamanski, Theodore J., and James R. Gibson. "Farming the Frontier: The Agriculural Opening of the Oregon Country, 1786-1846." American Historical Review 92, no. 1 (February 1987): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1862925.

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Coulter, C. Brewster, and James R. Gibson. "Farming the Frontier: The Agricultural Opening of the Oregon Country, 1786-1846." Western Historical Quarterly 18, no. 1 (January 1987): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/968953.

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Lawrence, Henry W., and James R. Gibson. "Farming the Frontier: The Agricultural Opening of the Oregon Country, 1786-1846." Environmental Review: ER 11, no. 1 (1987): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3984221.

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Schneemann, Peter J. "Ausstellungsstrategie und Selbstzerstorung: Die tragische Figur des englischen Historienmalers Benjamin Robert Haydon (1786-1846)." Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 58, no. 2 (1995): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1482703.

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Rusin, Bartłomiej. "Georgi Mamarczew – bohater walk o wyzwolenie Bułgarii pierwszej połowy XIX wieku." Balcanica Posnaniensia. Acta et studia 27 (December 13, 2020): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bp.2020.27.6.

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Artykuł omawia meandry życia jednego z najważniejszych bułgarskich bojowników o wolność pierwszej połowy XIX wieku Georgiego Stojkowa Mamarczewa (1786–1846). Autor nie rekonstruuje pełnej biografii tej postaci, skupiając się na kwestii udziału Mamarczewa jako ochotnika w wojnach rosyjsko-tureckich toczonych w latach 1806–1812 oraz 1828–1829, a także wydarzeń związanych z przygotowywanym powstaniem w okręgu tyrnowskim w 1835 roku (tzw. Wełczowej zawery). Zdaniem autora, dzięki swojemu konsekwentnemu zaangażowaniu w działania zbrojne przeciwko Imperium Osmańskiemu można uznać Mamarczewa za jednego z pierwszych, a zarazem najważniejszych „zawodowych” bojowników o wolność w epoce Bułgarskiego Odrodzenia Narodowego (1762–1878). W kolejnych dekadach ten sposób walki o wyzwolenie ziem bułgarskich z pod władzy tureckiej zaprezentował w pełni jego siostrzeniec Georgi S. Rakowski.

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Rusin, Bartłomiej. "Georgi Mamarczew – bohater walk o wyzwolenie Bułgarii pierwszej połowy XIX wieku." Balcanica Posnaniensia. Acta et studia 27 (December 13, 2020): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bp.2020.27.6.

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Artykuł omawia meandry życia jednego z najważniejszych bułgarskich bojowników o wolność pierwszej połowy XIX wieku Georgiego Stojkowa Mamarczewa (1786–1846). Autor nie rekonstruuje pełnej biografii tej postaci, skupiając się na kwestii udziału Mamarczewa jako ochotnika w wojnach rosyjsko-tureckich toczonych w latach 1806–1812 oraz 1828–1829, a także wydarzeń związanych z przygotowywanym powstaniem w okręgu tyrnowskim w 1835 roku (tzw. Wełczowej zawery). Zdaniem autora, dzięki swojemu konsekwentnemu zaangażowaniu w działania zbrojne przeciwko Imperium Osmańskiemu można uznać Mamarczewa za jednego z pierwszych, a zarazem najważniejszych „zawodowych” bojowników o wolność w epoce Bułgarskiego Odrodzenia Narodowego (1762–1878). W kolejnych dekadach ten sposób walki o wyzwolenie ziem bułgarskich z pod władzy tureckiej zaprezentował w pełni jego siostrzeniec Georgi S. Rakowski.

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Kamenetskaia, Sofía. "El léxico mexicano en el diccionario de Salvá, ¿influencia de Alcedo o simple referencia?" Revista de Lexicografía 26 (January 30, 2021): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/rlex.2020.26.0.6974.

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En 1846 Vicente Salvá publicó su Nuevo diccionario de la lengua castellana, en el cual dio entrada al léxico de América, ausente en la obra académica. Según lo establecido por el propio editor parisino, para recopilar dicho repertorio, tuvo que acudir a varias fuentes, tanto impresas como orales, entre las que se contaba el Vocabulario americano elaborado por Antonio de Alcedo como anexo a su Diccionario Geográfico-Histórico de las Indias Occidentales ó América (1786-1789). El presente artículo pretende revisar las voces mexicanas contenidas en la obra de Salvá para determinar hasta qué punto el valenciano tuvo la influencia de Alcedo, si fue su fiel seguidor, o solamente se trata de una simple referencia en la recopilación y tratamiento de este caudal lexicográfico.

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10

Żurek-Huszcz, Aleksandra. "Metoda historyczno-krytyczna w gramatyce Andrzeja Sztochla." Poradnik Językowy, no. 8/2022(797) (December 10, 2022): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/porj.2022.8.6.

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Andrzej Sztochel (1786–1846), the author of a grammar book, graduated from Jagiellonian University and was a teacher of Polish. Gramatyka historyczno-krytyczna języka polskiego (Historical and critical grammar of Polish), published posthumously, is one of two of his studies; it is dedicated to the science of the word, in particular infletional descriptions, in its entirety. The book is written in accordance with the historical method, which was innovative in Poland at that time. It stands out from grammar books of those days by its numerous references to proposals of other grammarians, writings by authors of old times, and dialectal pronunciation. Most of the then reviewers evaluated the grammar book negatively and not many contemporary researchers notice any innovativeness in it either. Keywords: historical–comparative method – diachronic linguistics – 19th century – Polish linguistics – Polish grammar books – Andrzej Sztochel.

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Muñoz Armijo, Laura. "La recepción del léxico especializado en la novena (1843) y décima (1852) ediciones del DRAE." ELUA: Estudios de Lingüística. Universidad de Alicante, Anexo-5 (December 23, 2019): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/elua2019.anexo5.13.

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En las ediciones centrales del siglo XIX surge una polémica intelectual con respecto a la admisión del léxico especializado. Los prólogos de la novena (1843) y décima (1852) ediciones dan cuenta de las tensiones en el seno de la Corporación por los ataques de los autores de la lexicografía no académica. El propósito de la presente investigación es caracterizar la admisión del léxico especializado en las dos ediciones de mediados del siglo XIX. Para ello, y en primer lugar, se partirá de la información sobre el léxico de especialidad que contienen los prólogos y las Reglas de 1838; en segundo lugar, se analizarán los lemas marcados y no marcados de ambas ediciones académicas. Finalmente, se tratará de determinar las posibles influencias que algunos diccionarios no académicos (principalmente las obras de Terreros (1786-1793), Núñez de Taboada (1825), Salvá (1846)) pudieron ejercer en la admisión de voces de especialidad en la novena y décima ediciones.

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12

Barański, Jarosław, and Marek Murawski. "Problematyka rozmowy z chorym w polskiej literaturze medycznej w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku." Medycyna Nowożytna 30, no. 1 (June 2024): 9–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/12311960mn.24.001.19689.

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In the first half of the 19th century, the issue of proper communication between a doctor and a patient began to emerge in medical texts in a rudimentary form. This included what questions should be asked and how to ask them. The principles of conducting a conversation between a doctor and a patient, as articulated by Józef Frank (1771–1842), August Bécu (1771–1824), August Wolff (1768–1846), Hiacynt Dziarkowski (1747–1828), Wincenty Szczucki (1786–1832), became an integral part of medical interviews. Additionally, Józef Jakubowski (1796–1866) incorporated these principles into the treatment of mentally ill patients. This early 19th-century discourse on communication with patients arises from medical customs and simultaneously serves as a pivotal guideline for proper patient care. As a result of exploring the origins of the doctor-patient communication issue, it can be argued that these skills are rooted in the moral qualities of a physician’s character.

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Regehr, T. D. "Farming the Frontier. The Agricultural Opening of the Oregon Country, 1786-1846, by James R. GibsonFarming the Frontier. The Agricultural Opening of the Oregon Country, 1786-1846, by James R. Gibson. Vancouver, University of British Columbia Press, 1985. 265 pp. $29.95." Canadian Journal of History 21, no. 3 (December 1986): 438–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.21.3.438.

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14

van Steenpaal, Niels. "Taming the Fire Horse." East Asian Publishing and Society 5, no. 2 (August 3, 2015): 178–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22106286-12341277.

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Despite the increasing popularity of studies of early modern Japanese print culture, the field has primarily restricted itself to examinations of the commercial printindustry—a bias that has come at the price of ignoring a wide variety of non-profit publications that, based on the frequency with which they appear in the archives, clearly played an important role in people’s lives. This article aims to highlight and clarify the significance of these non-profit publications through a case study of so-calledsein, or freely distributed single sheet pamphlets. Concretely, I will focus on how these pamphlets were used in the campaign against the superstition that women born in the year of the Fire Horse (hinoeuma) were a curse upon their husbands, leading them to an early death. By examining these pamphlets as they were distributed before and during the two consecutive Fire Horse years of Tenmei 6 (1786) and Kōka 3 (1846), I will show that the pamphlets were able to achieve wide circulation through a combination of extended networks of human resources, a variety of media strategies, and the phenomenon of sponsored variant woodblocks.

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15

Baldo, Fernando Berton, and Adalton Raga. "Effect of hot-water immersion on eggs and larvae of Anastrepha grandis (Macquart, 1846) (Diptera: Tephritidae) “in vitro” and on squash (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne, 1786)." REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA 47, no. 4 (October 29, 2021): 653–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35249/rche.47.4.21.01.

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There are risks involved in the production and exportation of fruit fly hosts due to the possible spread of tephritid pests during distribution. Anastrepha grandis attacks cucurbit fruits and is considered an A1 quarantine pest in many countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of hot water treatment on the eggs and larvae of A. grandis in vitro, and on ‘Atlas’ squash (Cucurbita moschata). The eggs and third-instar larvae of A. grandis were exposed to hot water at temperatures of 42.0, 44.0, 46.0, 46.5, 47.0, 47.5, 48.0, 49.0 and 50.0 (± 0.5) °C for durations of 0 (control), 10, 20, 30 and 60 minutes. Water temperatures of at least 44 °C affected the in vitro larval eclosion of A. grandis during all exposure times. No adults were obtained when in vitro A. grandis larvae were treated at 49 °C and 50 °C at all exposure times and, 48 °C for 30 and 60 minutes. No adults were obtained when squashes infested with A. grandis eggs or larvae were treated at temperatures of 49 °C and 50 °C during any exposure time, as well as subjected to 48 °C for 20 minutes. Anastrepha grandis larvae were slightly more susceptible to hydrothermal treatment than eggs in squashes. Hot water treatment applies at a temperature of 48 °C for 20 minutes is an effective phytosanitary treatment for squashes cv. Atlas infested with eggs and larvae of A. grandis.

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Masojć, Irena. "Rozwój myśli językoznawczej na Uniwersytecie Wileńskim w pierwszym trzydziestoleciu XIX wieku w świetle badań Anny Kaupuż." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 60, no. 3 (December 21, 2023): 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.831.

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The aim of this article is to show the development of linguistic thought at Vilnius University in the period 1805–1832 on the basis of the unpublished doctor’s dissertation The Essays on the History of Slavic Philology at Vilnius University at the Beginning of the 19th Century [Очерки по истории славянской филологии в Вильнюсском университете в начале XIX века] of Anna Kaupuż (1924–1994), a good archive expert. Following the materials found in the Lithuanian, Polish and Russian archives, the researcher reveals the place of linguistic issues in the didactics and scholarly interests of Vilnius University professors during this period of the development of historical-comparative linguistics. The research activities of Ivan Cherniavsky (1768–1822), Eusebius Slovacki (1773–1814), Leon Borovsky (1784–1846), and Ivan Loboiko (1786–1864), professors who held positions in the two departments, that is, in the Department of Russian Language and Literature and the Department of Rhetoric and Poetry, during the period in question, are examined in detail. The research allows to conclude that linguistic views of the afore-mentioned researchers were fully in line with the spirit of the period – their worldview was still influenced by classicist thinking but the comparativist ideas had reached the University, research in the Lithuanian language started, and the works in the field of dialectology were published. Thanks to I. Loboiko, Vilnius University became one of the few academic centres in Europe of that time, where comparative grammar of Slavic languages was taught.

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Carlos, Ann M. "Farming the Frontier: The Agricultural Opening of the Oregon Country, 1786–1846. By James R. Gibson. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1985. Pp. xii, 265. $25.00." Journal of Economic History 47, no. 3 (September 1987): 829–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700049470.

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Dodds, Gordon B. "Farming the Frontier: The Agricultural Opening of the Oregon Country, 1786–1846. By James R. Gibson. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1985. viii + 265 pp. Illustrations, tables, bibliography, footnotes, index. $25.00." Forest & Conservation History 31, no. 3 (July 1987): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4005142.

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Vargyas, Zsófia. "Adalékok Marczibányi István (1752–1810) műgyűjteményének történetéhez." Művészettörténeti Értesítő 71, no. 1 (May 24, 2023): 45–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/080.2022.00003.

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The art collection of István Marczibányi (1752–1810), remembered as the benefactor of the Hungarian nation, who devoted a great part of his fortune to religious, educational, scientific and social goals, is generally known as a collection of ‘national Antiquities’ of Hungary. This opinion was already widespread in Hungarian publicity at the beginning of the 19th century, when Marczibányi pledged that he would enrich the collection of the prospective Hungarian national Museum with his artworks. But the description of his collection in Pál Wallaszky’s book Conspectus reipublicae litterariae in Hungaria published in 1808 testifies to the diversity and international character of the collection. In the Marczibányi “treasury”, divided into fourteen units, in addition to a rich cabinet for coins and medals there were mosaics, sculptures, drinking vessels, filigree-adorned goldsmiths’ works, weapons, Chinese art objects, gemstones and objects carved from them (buttons, cameos, caskets and vases), diverse marble monuments and copper engravings. Picking, for example, the set of sculptures, we find ancient Egyptian, Greek and Ro man pieces as well as mediaeval and modern masterpieces arranged by materials.After the collector’s death, his younger brother Imre Marczibányi (1755–1826) and his nephews Márton (1784–1834), János (1786–1830), and Antal (1793–1872) jointly inherited the collection housed in a palace in dísz tér (Parade Square) in Buda. In 1811, acting on the promise of the deceased, the family donated a selection of artworks to the national Museum: 276 cut gems, 9 Roman and Byzantine imperial gold coins, 35 silver coins and more than fifty antiquities and rarities including 17th and 18th-century goldsmiths’ works, Chinese soap-stone statuettes, ivory carvings, weapons and a South Italian red-figure vase, too. However, this donation did not remain intact as one entity. With the emergence of various specialized museums in the last third of the 19th century, a lot of artworks had been transferred to the new institutions, where the original provenance fell mostly into oblivion.In the research more than a third of the artworks now in the Hungarian national Museum, the Museum of Applied Arts and the Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest could be identified, relying on the first printed catalogue of the Hungarian national Museum (1825) titled Cimeliotheca Musei Nationalis Hungarici, and the handwritten acquisition registers. The entries have revealed that fictitious provenances were attached to several items, since the alleged or real association with prominent historical figures played an important role in the acquisition strategies of private collectors and museums alike at the time. For example, an ivory carving interpreted in the Cimeliotheca as the reliquary of St Margaret of Hungary could be identified with an object in the Metalwork Collection of the Museum of Applied Arts (inv. no. 18843), whose stylistic analogies and parallels invalidate the legendary origin: the bone plates subsequently assembled as a front of a casket were presumably made in a Venetian workshop at the end of the 14th century.There are merely sporadic data about the network of István Marczibányi’s connections as a collector, and about the history of his former collection remaining in the possession of his heirs. It is known that collector Miklós Jankovich (1772–1846) purchased painted and carved marble portraits around 1816 from the Marczi bányi collection, together with goldsmiths’ works including a coconut cup newly identified in the Metalwork Collection of the Museum of Applied Arts (inv. no. 19041). The group of exquisite Italian Cinquecento bronze statuettes published by art historian Géza Entz (1913–1993), was last owned as a whole by Antal Marczibányi (nephew of István) who died in 1872. These collection of small bronzes could have also been collected by István Marczibányi, then it got scattered through inheritance, and certain pieces of it landed in north American and European museums as of the second third of the 20th century. Although according to Entz’s hypothesis the small bronzes were purchased by István’s brother Imre through the mediation of sculptor and art collector István Ferenczy (1792–1956) studying in Rome, there is no written data to verify it. By contrast, it is known that the posthumous estate of István Marczibányi included a large but not detailed collection of classical Roman statues in 1811, which the heirs did not donate to the national Museum. It may be presumed that some of the renaissance small bronzes of mythological themes following classical prototypes were believed to be classical antiquities at the beginning of the 19th century. Further research will hopefully reveal more information about the circumstances of their acquisition.

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20

Gjikola, Ardeta. "The formation of a taste judgement: how Benjamin R. Haydon came to value, observe and evaluate the Elgin Marbles." BJHS Themes, October 31, 2022, 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bjt.2022.9.

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Abstract What are taste judgements? Do they have a claim to knowledge? This article addresses these questions by revisiting the long-eighteenth-century debate on taste judgements and examining the case of a judgement that was unusually explicit about its formation. The painter Benjamin R. Haydon (1786–1846) encountered the Parthenon sculptures in 1808, studied them for several years, and recorded how he came to pronounce them ‘the finest things on earth’. I describe the maturation of Haydon's judgement, presenting the process as revealing of the nature of taste judgements. I argue that taste judgements are a distinct form of knowledge that involve expertise in three experiential aspects: valuation (prizing an artwork), observation (discriminating referential features in an artwork), and evaluation (assigning a specific worth to an artwork). From a methodological standpoint, Haydon's judgement draws attention to individual resources for the stabilization of knowledge and invites reflection on the status of the case as a unit of analysis in the history of science.

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"James R. Gibson. Farming the Frontier: The Agricultural Opening of the Oregon Country, 1786–1846. Seattle: University of Washington Press. 1986. Pp. 265. $25.00." American Historical Review, February 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr/92.1.204.

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22

Khan, Nasrullah, Narayan Prasad Gaire, Oimahmad Rahmonov, and Rafi Ullah. "Multi-century (635-year) spring season precipitation reconstruction from northern Pakistan revealed increasing extremes." Scientific Reports 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50819-5.

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AbstractThe Hindu Kush Himalaya region is experiencing rapid climate change with adverse impacts in multiple sectors. To put recent climatic changes into a long-term context, here we reconstructed the region’s climate history using tree-ring width chronologies of climate-sensitive Cedrus deodara and Pinus gerardiana. Growth-climate analysis reveals that the species tree-growth is primarily limited by moisture stress during or preceding the growing season, as indicated by a positive relationship between the chronology and precipitation and scPDSI, and a negative one with temperature. We have reconstructed 635 years (1384–2018 CE) of February–June precipitation using a robust climate reconstruction model that explains about 53% variance of the measured precipitation data. Our reconstruction shows several dry and wet episodes over the reconstruction period along with an increase in extreme precipitation events during recent centuries or years. Long, very wet periods were observed during the following years: 1392–1393, 1430–1433, 1456–1461, 1523–1526, 1685–1690, 1715–1719, 1744–1748, 1763–1767, 1803–1806, 1843–1846, 1850–1855, 1874–1876, 1885–1887, 1907–1909, 1921–1925, 1939–1944, and 1990–1992, while long dry periods were observed during the following years: 1398–1399, 1464–1472, 1480–1484, 1645–1649, 1724–1727, 1782–1786, 1810–1814, 1831–1835, 1879–1881, 1912–1918, 1981–1986, 1998–2003, and 2016–2018 CE. We found predominantly short-term periodicity cycles of 2.0, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.6–2.7, 2.9, 3.3, 4.8, 8.1–8.3, and 9.4–9.6 years in our reconstruction. Spatial correlation analyses reveal that our reconstruction is an effective representation of the precipitation variability in the westerly climate-dominated areas of Pakistan and adjacent regions. In addition to the influence of regional circulation systems like western disturbances, we found possible teleconnections between the precipitation variability in northern Pakistan and broader-scale climate modes or phases like AMO and ENSO. The study also highlights the prospects of tree-ring application to explore linkages between western disturbance, increasing intensity and frequency of extreme climate events, and analysis of long-term atmospheric circulation over the western Himalayan region.

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Journal articles on the topic '1786-1846'

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