Journal articles: '(1800-ca. 1840)'

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Gomes, F. "Africans and Petit Marronage in Rio de Janeiro, ca. 1800-1840." Luso-Brazilian Review 47, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 74–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lbr.2010.0020.

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Zehnle, Stephanie. "“Where is My Region?” Geographical Representation and Textuality in Sokoto." Islamic Africa 9, no. 1 (May 7, 2018): 10–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21540993-00901002.

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This paper is devoted to geographical knowledge of the world and the definition of homeland and outland among the elite of the early Sokoto Caliphate (ca. 1800–1840). It argues that with the creation of a territorial jihadist state, geography became an important tool within religious and political discourses because in Sokoto warfare was predicated upon a precise mapping of the “Land of Islam” and the “Land of Unbelief”. The circulation of contradictory accounts about landscapes and rivers in the Sahel via medieval Arabic books, traders, pilgrims and soldiers, will receive special attention. The key argument is that written geographical accounts and cartography from Sokoto were not only restricted by the information available for this task, but also by the characteristics of the genres: texts can express uncertainties about concepts of space, in contrast, cartography requires geographical definition and spatial exactitude. This article is thus dedicated to the analysis of content and form of geographical discourses in the early Sokoto State by the comparison of texts and a map.

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Musser, Jordan. "Carl Czerny's Mechanical Reproductions." Journal of the American Musicological Society 72, no. 2 (2019): 363–429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jams.2019.72.2.363.

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This article reassesses the “mechanical” style of playing featured in Carl Czerny's pedagogical works and keyboard arrangements—specifically, the Complete Theoretical and Practical Piano Forte School, op. 500 (1839), its supplementary text Letters to a Young Lady (ca. 1840), and the four-hand transcription of Beethoven's Symphony no. 9 in D Minor, op. 125 (the “Choral”). The first part of the article situates opus 500 within the larger pedagogical milieu of Biedermeier music culture and Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi's progressivist educational reforms, exploring the way it tasked predominantly women amateurs with assembling basic finger sensations in an exercise-by-exercise—“progressive”—fashion. I propose that this cumulative logic reflects an early-century epistemic norm—what Friedrich Kittler dubs a “mechanical program” of assembly and augmentation. The second part considers Czerny's transcription of the finale of Beethoven's Ninth from the perspective of ludo-musicology and cultural techniques media analysis, outlining the reductive and replicative—“reproductive”—techniques by which Czerny accommodated his former teacher's work to the hands he shaped in the private sphere. I argue that his pedagogies and transcriptions were recursively interrelated. Czerny was simultaneously a mechanic of the hand pedagogically and a mechanical reproducer of symphonies transcriptively, creating a multivalent corpus that forces us to rethink the media-theoretical concept of “mechanical reproduction” vis-à-vis “Discourse Network 1800.”

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Rhodes, R. H., N. A. N. Bertler, J. A. Baker, H. C. Steen-Larsen, S. B. Sneed, U. Morgenstern, and S. J. Johnsen. "Little Ice Age climate and oceanic conditions of the Ross Sea, Antarctica from a coastal ice core record." Climate of the Past 8, no. 4 (July 30, 2012): 1223–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1223-2012.

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Abstract. Increasing paleoclimatic evidence suggests that the Little Ice Age (LIA) was a global climate change event. Understanding the forcings and associated climate system feedbacks of the LIA is made difficult by the scarcity of Southern Hemisphere paleoclimate records. We use a new glaciochemical record of a coastal ice core from Mt. Erebus Saddle, Antarctica, to reconstruct atmospheric and oceanic conditions in the Ross Sea sector of Antarctica over the past five centuries. The LIA is identified in stable isotope (δD) and lithophile element records, which respectively demonstrate that the region experienced 1.6 ± 1.4 °C cooler average temperatures prior to 1850 AD than during the last 150 yr and strong (>57 m s−1) prevailing katabatic winds between 1500 and 1800 AD. Al and Ti concentration increases of an order of magnitude (>120 ppb Al) are linked to enhanced aeolian transport of complex silicate minerals and represent the strongest katabatic wind events of the LIA. These events are associated with three 12–30 yr intervals of cooler temperatures at ca. 1690 AD, 1770 AD and 1840 AD. Furthermore, ice core concentrations of the biogenic sulphur species MS− suggest that biological productivity in the Ross Sea polynya was ~80% higher prior to 1875 AD than at any subsequent time. We propose that cooler Antarctic temperatures promoted stronger katabatic winds across the Ross Ice Shelf, resulting in an enlarged Ross Sea polynya during the LIA.

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Bickford, M. E., T. D. Mock, W. E. Steinhart III, K. D. Collerson, and J. F. Lewry. "Origin of the Archean Sask craton and its extent within the Trans-Hudson orogen: evidence from Pb and Nd isotopic compositions of basement rocks and post-orogenic intrusions." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 42, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 659–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e04-064.

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UPb zircon ages from the exposed Sask craton are 24503100 Ma, from the Peter Lake Domain 25752640 Ma, and from rocks of the Trans-Hudson orogen 18401880 Ma. UPb monazite and zircon ages of post-orogenic pegmatites and aplites are 17701800 Ma. Common Pb and SmNd isotopic compositions of post-orogenic intrusions, as probes of crust beneath the orogen, were compared to Sask craton rocks and ca. 1850 Ma orogenic rocks to infer the origin and subsurface distribution of the Sask craton within the internides of the Trans-Hudson orogen. Results show that post-orogenic intrusions within most of the Glennie Domain and Hanson Lake block were derived, at least in part, from Archean source materials, demonstrating that the Sask craton lies beneath Paleoproterozoic orogenic rocks present at the surface. In contrast, common Pb and SmNd isotopic compositions from pegmatites and aplites of the La Ronge Domain are essentially identical with those of the Paleoproterozoic orogenic rocks into which they are intruded, indicating derivation by partial melting of similar rocks. Thus, if the Sask craton extended to the west beneath the La Ronge Domain, it was beneath the zone of melting that produced the post-orogenic intrusions, making it unlikely that the Sask craton is a detached part of the Hearne craton. Many samples from the Sask craton have elevated 208Pb/204Pb ratios, unlike Superior craton or Hearne craton rocks, suggesting that the Sask craton was derived from an exotic source, such as the Wyoming craton, which shares similar elevated 208Pb/204Pb ratios.

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LAWERGREN, Bo. "Oxus Trumpets, ca. 2200-1800 BCE." Iranica Antiqua 38 (January 1, 2003): 41–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ia.38.0.136.

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Fog, Dan. "Dansk musikhistorie og musikformidling ca. 1800-1950." Magasin fra Det Kongelige Bibliotek 10, no. 2 (September 1, 1995): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/mag.v10i2.66397.

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Holm, Daniel, and David Schneider. "40Ar/39Ar evidence for ca. 1800 Ma tectonothermal activity along the Great Falls tectonic zone, central Montana." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 39, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 1719–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e02-069.

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Late Paleoproterozoic (19001600 Ma) tectonothermal activity on all borders of the Archean Wyoming Province has long been established by low-precision KAr and RbSr studies. However, recent tectonic models advanced for supercontinent aggregation require improved constraints on the timing of tectonothermal activity along major boundaries. On its northwestern boundary, the Great Falls tectonic zone separates the Archean Wyoming and Hearne provinces. Recently published U/Pb ages and geochemical data reveal the presence of a Paleoproterozoic (ca. 1860 Ma) marginal-arc magmatic complex along a portion of the Great Falls tectonic zone in central Montana. We present nine new 40Ar/39Ar mineral ages (on hornblende and biotite) from these same arc rocks, which indicate ca. 1800 Ma thermal activity (>500°C) and subsequent rapid cooling to below 300°C by 1775 Ma. This new data set constrains the timing of WyomingHearne collision to between 1860 and 1800 Ma and the timing of last significant tectonothermal activity of this portion of the Great Falls tectonic zone (18001775 Ma). We note that our data add to a growing geochronologic database indicating ca. 1800 Ma tectonothermal activity (via either initial suturing or continued tectonic activity) associated with Paleoproterozoic docking of the Wyoming Province with Laurentia.

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Sean P. Harvey. "Native Views of Native Languages: Communication and Kinship in Eastern North America, ca. 1800–1830." William and Mary Quarterly 75, no. 4 (2018): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.5309/willmaryquar.75.4.0651.

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Tveit, Miriam. "Tinget i det nordlige Norge ca. 200-1800." Heimen 52, no. 02 (July 16, 2015): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1894-3195-2015-02-02.

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Brennan, Margaret L. "Clergy in the early modern Caribbean (ca. 1650–1800)." History Compass 17, no. 6 (May 24, 2019): e12549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12549.

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Pokharia, Anil K., Jeewan Singh Kharakwal, Shalini Sharma, Michael Spate, Deepika Tripathi, Ashok Priyadarshan Dimri, Xinyi Liu, et al. "Variable monsoons and human adaptations: Archaeological and palaeoenvironmental records during the last 1400 years in north-western India." Holocene 30, no. 9 (May 6, 2020): 1332–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683620919976.

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We present the first systematic evaluation of the relationship between the archaeological and palaeoclimatic record from north-western India during the past millennium, from the urban site of Chandravati. The rarity of Medieval sites, systematic excavations and multi-disciplinary work in the subcontinent obscure the impact of two distinct climate anomalies − the ‘Medieval Warm Period’ (‘MWP’, 740 − 1150 CE), followed by the ‘Little Ice Age’ (‘LIA’, 1350 − 1850 CE). The finds from the archaeological site indicate the presence of winter and summer crops, suggesting the region was likely warm and mild humid during pre-Medieval period (ca. 600 − 800 CE). During Medieval times (between ca. 800 − 1300 CE), a diversification of the crop assemblage suggests that the region was under a warm and humid climate, corresponding to the ‘MWP’, driving increased monsoon precipitation. During the post-Medieval period (ca. 1350 − 1800 CE), drought-resistant millets and other summer pulse crops indicate the region probably experienced weak SW monsoon precipitation coinciding with globally recognised ‘LIA’. These interpretations are supported through phytolith data from the archaeological deposit broadly indicating two phases, the first being a period of diversified agricultural/anthropogenic activity (ca. 600 − 1350 CE), followed by a period dominated by drought-resistant crops (ca. 1350 − 1800 CE). Pollen data from a proximal lake corroborate the warm and humid phase ca. 800 − 1400 CE, with strong representation of warm−humid favouring tropical forest taxa, followed by non-arboreal indicators of a drier more open landscape ca. 1500 − 1800 CE. These environmental changes may have combined with other historic and institutional factors that led to the ultimate abandonment of the city. These changing cropping patterns, vegetation and cultural developments provide insight into past human response to climate change as well as important lessons for modern societies in exploring sustainable agricultural strategies to future climate change.

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Sandra Eder. "Männlichkeit und Gesundheit im historischen Wandel ca. 1800–ca. 2000 (review)." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 82, no. 3 (2008): 726–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.0.0085.

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14

Stedman Jones, Gareth. "Religion and liberty in European political thought 1800–1860 ca." Journal of Modern Italian Studies 17, no. 5 (December 2012): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1354571x.2012.718565.

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Yang, Zhang Fu, Hao Wang, Xin Min Min, Wei Min Wang, and Zheng Yi Fu. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ca-α-Sialon with Low Oxygen Content." Materials Science Forum 658 (July 2010): 412–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.658.412.

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Ca-α-sialons with low oxygen content were fabricated at 1800°C by hot pressing. The phase and microstructure were characterized by XRD and SEM. The calculated lattice parameter reveals that 20~30% Ca2+ ions still exist in the grain boundary phase of Ca-α′. A large amount of Ca-containing liquid phase efficiently promotes the anisotropic growth of α′ grains in Ca-rich composition. Reinforced only by elongated α′ grains, the fracture toughness of Ca-α′ can reach 4.96 MPa•m1/2.

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16

Singh, Mahender. "A novel internal open reading frame product expressed from a polycistronic mRNA of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus may not contribute to virus attenuation." Journal of General Virology 80, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 1959–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-80-8-1959.

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Cell-culture-adapted (ca) porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) contains three internal open reading frames (I ORF) within the nucleocapsid protein gene and lacks the downstream counterpart of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus ORF7 or feline infectious peritonitis virus ORF6a. To confirm whether such features also exist in wild-type (wt) PEDV, the 3′ 1800 nucleotides of its genome were sequenced and were found to be identical to those of ca virus. The coding potential of I-1 ORF was ascertained by transient expression in Vero cells followed by immunofluorescence using antipeptide sera. The I-1 protein was synthesized as a 12 kDa non-phosphorylated PEDV-specific protein that was not present in detectable amounts in virions. However, a low copy number of I-1 in the virion would suggest it is a structural component. Nevertheless, identical nucleotide sequences and gene expression strategies of attenuated ca virus and its virulent parent, wt PEDV, demonstrate that the 3′ 1800 nucleotides or the genes and gene products encoded therein may not contribute to virus attenuation.

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Verneda Ribera, Meritxell. "The engraver Joan Amills i Costa (Ripoll, ca. 1800–Barcelona, 1853)." Locus Amoenus 13 (December 22, 2015): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/locus.23.

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PINCH, VIJAY. "Gosain Tawaif: Slaves, Sex, and Ascetics in Rasdhan, ca. 1800–1857." Modern Asian Studies 38, no. 3 (July 2004): 559–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x03001185.

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In the center of the clearing, an aging warrior tries to draw his sword, fury etched upon his face. He faces two young warriors with raised swords who are racing to attack. A distraught old woman restrains the old warrior, while two younger men attempt to calm his attackers. A young boy holding a bow, arrows tucked in his waistband, dashes toward the combatants, in hopes of intervening. In the flash of a moment, perhaps as a result of a misspoken word or a perceived affront, harmony has given way to fracture. The anger on some faces, and despair on others, suggests an earlier time of friendship and love. Only one person is unperturbed. In the foreground a placid young woman observes the unfolding battle while tending a crying newborn. A young boy by her side also looks upon the scene, but with an expression of horror on his face. She, by contrast, seems utterly unconcerned. Indeed, she almost appears to enjoy the collapse of the social world around her. This is a hint, perhaps, about the nature of the conflict, namely, that it somehow revolves around her.

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Cummins, Stephen. "Negotiating Justice and Passion in European Legal Cultures, ca. 1500–1800." Rechtsgeschichte - Legal History 2017, no. 25 (2017): 252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12946/rg25/252-262.

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Ward, Matthew C. "Laws, Courts and Communities in the Pennsylvania Backcountry, ca. 1750–1800." Journal of Early American History 6, no. 1 (April 29, 2016): 40–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18770703-00601004.

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Historians have commonly portrayed the Pennsylvania backcountry as a lawless, violent region. Many have attributed this these levels of violence to the influx of Scots Irish migrants to the province after the 1720. Examining several eighteenth-century Pennsylvania counties, this article demonstrates that earlier scholars have consistently overestimated levels of crime on the frontier. Moreover, court records shows that Scots-Irish individuals were no more likely to be prosecuted or convicted of crime than other ethnic groups. Overall, frontier settlers embraced the legal system, even as they insisted it be applied in ways that accorded with local conditions.

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Cusack, Andrew. "Honour and recognition in the German novel of banditry ca 1800." Cultural Dynamics 28, no. 1 (March 2016): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0921374015623386.

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Seife, C. "JOINT MATHEMATICS MEETINGS: How a Scribe Learned Math, ca. 1800 B.C." Science 299, no. 5607 (January 31, 2003): 650b—651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.299.5607.650b.

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Fenyves, Katalin. "Taylor, Jeff. 2014. In Search of the Budapest Secession: The Artist Proletariat and Modernism’s Rise in the Hungarian Art Market, 1800–1914. Saint Helena, CA: Helena History Press; distributed by Central European University Press, Budapest. 260 pp.; Szívós, Erika. 2011. Social History of Fine Arts in Hungary, 1867–1918. Boulder, CO: Social Science Monographs. 349 pp." Hungarian Cultural Studies 9 (October 11, 2016): 248–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ahea.2016.250.

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Taylor, Jeff. 2014. In Search of the Budapest Secession: The Artist Proletariat and Modernism’s Rise in the Hungarian Art Market, 1800–1914. Saint Helena, CA: Helena History Press; distributed by Central European University Press, Budapest. 260 pp.; Szívós, Erika. 2011. Social History of Fine Arts in Hungary, 1867–1918. Boulder, CO: Social Science Monographs. 349 pp.

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Morellón, M., A. Pérez-Sanz, J. P. Corella, U. Büntgen, J. Catalán, P. González-Sampériz, J. J. González-Trueba, et al. "A multi-proxy perspective on millennium-long climate variability in the Southern Pyrenees." Climate of the Past 8, no. 2 (March 30, 2012): 683–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-683-2012.

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Abstract. This paper reviews multi-proxy paleoclimatic reconstructions with robust age-control derived from lacustrine, dendrochronological and geomorphological records and characterizes the main environmental changes that occurred in the Southern Pyrenees during the last millennium. Warmer and relatively arid conditions prevailed during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA, ca. 900–1300 AD), with a significant development of xerophytes and Mediterranean vegetation and limited deciduous tree formations (mesophytes). The Little Ice Age (LIA, 1300–1800 AD) was generally colder and moister, with an expansion of deciduous taxa and cold-adapted montane conifers. Two major phases occurred within this period: (i) a transition MCA–LIA, characterized by fluctuating, moist conditions and relatively cold temperatures (ca. 1300 and 1600 AD); and (ii) a second period, characterized by the coldest and most humid conditions, coinciding with maximum (recent) glacier advances (ca. 1600–1800 AD). Glaciers retreated after the LIA when warmer and more arid conditions dominated, interrupted by a short-living cooling episode during the late 19th to early 20th centuries. Some records suggest a response to solar activity with colder and slightly moister conditions during solar minima. Centennial-scale hydrological fluctuations are in phase with reconstructions of NAO variability, which appears to be one of the main climate mechanisms influencing rainfall variations in the region during the last millennium.

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Beckers, Danny. "Elementary mathematics education in the Netherlands ca. 1800: New challenges, changing goals." Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society - Simon Stevin 13, no. 5 (January 2007): 937–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36045/bbms/1170347816.

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Stokvis, Pieter R. D. "FROM CHILD TO ADULT: TRANSITION RITES IN THE NETHERLANDS ca. 1800‐1914." Paedagogica Historica 29, no. 1 (January 1993): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0030923930290105.

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Kirchhelle, Claas. "Toxic Tales—Recent Histories of Pollution, Poisoning, and Pesticides (ca. 1800–2010)." NTM Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Wissenschaften, Technik und Medizin 26, no. 2 (April 27, 2018): 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00048-018-0190-2.

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Alfani, Guido. "The rich in historical perspective: evidence for preindustrial Europe (ca. 1300–1800)." Cliometrica 11, no. 3 (October 21, 2016): 321–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11698-016-0151-8.

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Dash, B., and D. R. Bowes. "Reply to ‘Geochemistry and original nature of Precambrian khondalites in the Eastern Ghats, Orissa: a discussion’." Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 82, no. 1 (1991): 89–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300007549.

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(1) The interpretation of Dash et al. (1987) that the quartz–sillimanite–garnet (khondalite) assemblage of Orissa represents a metamorphosed deeply weathered soil profile(s) is based on a considerable body of new geochemical data: 59 new major and trace element rock analyses and 9 new major element rock analyses(ca. 1800 determinations) compared with the previous basis of 2 rock analyses for major elements only from Orissa supported by 3 for major elements only from other parts of India and 4 from Sri Lanka (ca 90 determinations—table 4).

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Vaughn, Kevin J., and Moisés Linares Grados. "3,000 Years of Occupation in Upper Valley Nasca: Excavations at Upanca." Latin American Antiquity 17, no. 4 (December 2006): 595–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25063074.

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We report recent excavations undertaken at the residential village Upanca located 1,600 m above sea level in the Nasca region of Peru in the Central Andes. Although fieldwork was initiated to evaluate the site's participation in the Early Nasca craft economy, excavations revealed a long occupation beginning in the Late Archaic (ca. 3000–1800 B.C.) and extending into the Early Intermediate period (ca. A.D. 1–750), with a principal component dating to the Early Nasca period (ca. A.D. 1–450). The Early Nasca component revealed high polychrome consumption, confirming previous assessments of Early Nasca's craft economy, and association with extensive agricultural terracing, suggesting surplus production beginning in the Early Intermediate period.

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Quamar, Mohammad Firoze, Ratan Kar, and Biswajeet Thakur. "Vegetation response to the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) variability during the Late-Holocene from the central Indian core monsoon zone." Holocene 31, no. 7 (April 16, 2021): 1197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09596836211003191.

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Pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating of a 1.4 m deep lacustrine sediment profile from Chhattisgarh State, central India, in the core monsoon zone (CMZ), has revealed the vegetation history, associated climate change and the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) rainfall variability during the Late-Holocene. The pollen evidence suggests that between ca. 3000 and 2600 cal year BP, tree-savannah vegetation occurred in the region having a comparatively lesser monsoon rainfall. The forest expanded and culminated into an open-mixed tropical deciduous forest between ca. 2600 and 2200 cal year BP under a warm and moderately humid climate with an increase in monsoon rainfall. Subsequently, between ca. 2200 and 2000 cal year BP, the existing open-mixed tropical deciduous forest transformed into a mixed tropical deciduous forest under a warm and humid climate with further increase in monsoon rainfall. Finally, between ca. 2000 and 1800 cal year BP, a dense mixed tropical deciduous forest occupied the landscape under a regime of a warm and relatively more humid climate with further strengthening of the ISM. The gradual warming, and the climatic amelioration with the intensification of the ISM, during the Late-Holocene (ca. 2600–1800 cal year BP; ~650 BC to AD150) corresponds to the Roman Warm Period (RWP), recorded globally between 2500 and1600 cal year BP (~550 BC to AD ~350). Human activities were present around the study area, which varied according to the ISM variations. The present study provides insights into the gradual intensification of the monsoon since the last ca. 2600 cal year BP (between ca. 2600 and1800 cal year BP), and an increase in the ISM strength in the CMZ of India, against the generally weakening trend during the Late-Holocene.

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Yasur-Landau, Assaf, Gilad Shtienberg, Gil Gambash, Giorgio Spada, Daniele Melini, Ehud Arkin-Shalev, Anthony Tamberino, Jack Reese, Thomas E. Levy, and Dorit Sivan. "New relative sea-level (RSL) indications from the Eastern Mediterranean: Middle Bronze Age to the Roman period (~3800–1800 y BP) archaeological constructions at Dor, the Carmel coast, Israel." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 9, 2021): e0251870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251870.

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This article presents new archaeological observations and multidisciplinary research from Dor, Israel to establish a more reliable relative sea level for the Carmel Coast and Southern Levant between the Middle Bronze Age and the Roman period (ca. 3500–1800 y BP). Our record indicates a period of low relative sea level, around -2.5 m below present, from the Middle Bronze Age to the Hellenistic period (ca. 3500–2200 y BP). This was followed by a rapid rise to present levels, starting in the Hellenistic period and concluding during the Roman period (ca. 2200–1800 y BP). These Roman levels agree with other relative sea-level indications from Israel and other tectonically stable areas in the Mediterranean. Several relative sea-level reconstruction models carried out in the current study provide different predictions due to their parameters and do not model the changes observed from field data which points to a non-isostatic origin for the changes. Long-term low stable Iron Age relative sea level can be seen in Dor, where Iron Age harbor structures remain around the same elevation between ca. 3100–2700 y BP. A similar pattern occurs at Atlit, the Iron Age harbor to the north used continuously from ca. 2900 y BP to the beginning of the Hellenistic period (ca. 2200 y BP). An examination of historical and archaeological sources reveals decline and occasional disappearance of Hellenistic sites along the coast of Israel at ca. 2200 y BP (2nd century BCE), as in the case of Yavneh Yam, Ashdod Yam, Straton’s Tower, and tel Taninim. In Akko-Ptolemais, the large harbor installations built in the Hellenistic period were never replaced by a substantial Roman harbor. The conclusions of this research are thus relevant for the sea-level research community and for the historical analyses of the Israeli and South Levantine coastline.

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Zwink, Eberhard. "Judaica in der Württembergischen Landesbibliothek Stuttgart." WLBforum 8, no. 2/3 (December 1, 2006): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53458/wlbf.v8i2/3.426.

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Die Judaica-Bestände der WLB Stuttgart müssen bei einem Überblick über die Situation in Deutschland schon ihrer weltberühmten Bibelsammlung) wegen erwähnt werden. Die Sammlung an gedruckten Bibelausgaben (derzeit ca. 17.000 Einheiten) gehört mindestens in ihrem Bestand bis 1800 (ca. 7.700 Einheiten) in die erste Reihe zusammen mit den Sammlungen der British Library London, der ehemaligen Sammlung der British and Foreign Bible Society heute an der UB Cambridge sowie der Bibliotheque nationale de France in Paris. Wer viele Bibeln in über 400 Sprachen besitzt, hat auch entsprechend viele Ausgaben der hebräischen Bibel bzw. des Alten Testaments aufzuweisen.

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Gerritsen, Anne, and Stephen McDowall. "Material Culture and the Other: European Encounters with Chinese Porcelain, ca. 1650-1800." Journal of World History 23, no. 1 (2012): 87–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2012.0023.

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Pinch, William R. "Who was Himmat Bahadur? Gosains, Rajputs and the British in Bundelkhand, ca. 1800." Indian Economic & Social History Review 35, no. 3 (September 1998): 293–335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001946469803500304.

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Seegel, Steven. "Constructing Lithuania: Ethnic Mapping in Tsarist Russia, ca. 1800–1914 by Vytautas Petronis." Ab Imperio 2008, no. 1 (2008): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/imp.2008.0131.

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Rodrigues, Daniel. "Constructing Lithuania: Ethnic Mapping in Tsarist Russia, ca. 1800–1914 by Vytautas Petronis." Ab Imperio 2010, no. 3 (2010): 399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/imp.2010.0076.

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Anthony, Patrick. "Mines, mountains, and the making of a vertical consciousness in Germany ca. 1800." Centaurus 62, no. 4 (September 25, 2020): 612–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1600-0498.12337.

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Pears, Ben, Antony G. Brown, Phillip S. Toms, Jamie Wood, David Sanderson, and Richard Jones. "A sub-centennial-scale optically stimulated luminescence chronostratigraphy and late Holocene flood history from a temperate river confluence." Geology 48, no. 8 (May 18, 2020): 819–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47079.1.

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Abstract River confluences can be metastable and contain valuable geological records of catchment response to decadal- to millennial-scale environmental change. However, in alluvial reaches, flood stratigraphies are particularly hard to date using 14C. In this paper, we use a novel combination of optically stimulated luminescence and multiproxy sedimentological analyses to provide a flood record for the confluence of the Rivers Severn and Teme (United Kingdom) over the past two millennia, which we compare with independent European climate records. The results show that by ca. 2000 yr B.P., the Severn-Teme confluence had stabilized and overbank alluviation had commenced. Initially, this occurred from moderately high flood magnitudes between ca. 2000 and 1800 yr B.P. (50 BCE–150 CE), but was followed from 1800 to 1600 yr B.P. (150–350 CE) by fine alluvial deposition and decreased flood intensity. From 1600 to 1400 yr B.P. (350–550 CE), the accumulation rate increased, with evidence of large flood events associated with the climatic deterioration of the Dark Age Cold Period. Following a period of reduced flood activity after ca. 1400 yr B.P. (ca. 550 CE), larger flood events and increase in accumulation rate once again became more prevalent from ca. 850 yr B.P. (ca. 1100 CE), coincident with the start of the Medieval Climate Anomaly, a period associated with warmer, wetter conditions and increased land-use intensity. This state persisted until ca. 450 yr B.P. (ca. 1500 CE), after which increased flood magnitudes can be associated with climatic variations during the Little Ice Age. We demonstrate that from the combination of high-resolution dating techniques and multiple analytical parameters, distinctive phases of relative flood magnitude versus flood duration can be determined to a detailed chronological precision beyond that possible from 14C dating. This permits the identification of the regional factors behind floodplain sedimentation, which we correlate with the intensification of land-use and climatic drivers over the last two millennia.

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Piperno, Dolores R., Mark B. Bush, and Paul A. Colinvaux. "Paleoenvironments and Human Occupation in Late-Glacial Panama." Quaternary Research 33, no. 1 (January 1990): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(90)90089-4.

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AbstractThe first pollen and phytolith data covering the entire Pleistocene/Holocene transition from the lowlands of the Central American isthmus indicate that the forests of late-glacial Panama at an altitude of 650 m resembled those currently found at ca. 1500–1800 m. A temperature depression of ca. 5°C and reduced precipitation/evaporation ratios in the late-glacial period are suggested. Forest composition from ca. 14,000 to 10,500 yr B.P., although primarily montane in character, contained a low biomass of species today segregated in lowland forests and, hence, a floral assemblage with no modern analog. The sudden appearance of carbon and burnt, weedy plant material at ca. 11,000 yr B.P. is attributed to the earliest human impact yet recorded from tropical America and may perhaps have been associated with the first human occupation of the region.

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MUBAROK, ARIF, and HASANAH PUTRI. "Analisis Dampak Inter-Band Carrier Aggregation pada Perencanaan Jaringan LTE-Advanced." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 7, no. 2 (May 24, 2019): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v7i2.363.

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ABSTRAKPenerapan teknologi Long Term Evolution (LTE) di Indonesia belum optimal dalam pengalokasian spektrum dikarenakan keterbatasan spektrum, untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut 3GPP mengeluarkan teknologi terbaru yaitu LTEAdvanced yang mendukung fitur carrier aggregation (CA) yang memberikan throughput yang lebih tinggi dengan penggunaan spektrum yang lebih efisien. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perencanaan jaringan LTE-Advanced menggunakan metode inter-band CA dengan menggabungkan dua band frequency yang berbeda yaitu bandwith 5 MHz di band 5 (850 MHz) dan bandwidth 10 MHz di band 3 (1800 MHz). Untuk mendapatkan performansi yang maksimal perencanaan jaringan LTE dan LTE-A dikombinasikan dengan penggunaan skema Physical Cell Identity (PCI) dan Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR). Penggunaan PCI meningkatkan SINR sebesar 1 dB dan throughput meningkat sebesar 200 Kbps, sedangkan penggunaan skema SFR meningkatkan SINR sebesar 9 dB dan throughput meningkat sebesar 13 Mbps.Kata kunci: LTE-Advanced, PCI, SFR, Carrier Aggregation. ABSTRACTThe implementation of Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology in Indonesia has not been optimal due to spectrum limitations. To overcome the problem, 3GPP issued the latest technology, i.e. LTE-Advanced, to support the carrier aggregation (CA) feature that provides higher throughput with more efficient spectrum usage. In this study, LTE-Advanced network planning was performed using the inter-band CA method by combining two different band frequencies, namely 5 MHz bandwidth on Band 5 (850 MHz) and 10 MHz bandwidth on Band 3 (1800 MHz). In addition, to generate maximum performance, the LTE and LTEA networks planning was combined with the use of Physical Cell Identity (PCI) and Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR) schemes. The use of the PCI managed to increase SINR by 1 dB and throughput by 200 Kbps, while the use of SFR scheme managed to increase SINR by 9 dB and throughput by 13 Mbps.Keywords: LTE-Advanced, PCI, SFR, Carrier Aggregation.

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Van Nederveen Meerkerk, Elise, and Ariadne Schmidt. "Tussen arbeid en beroep. Jongens en meisjes in de stedelijke nijverheid, ca 1600-1800." Tijdschrift voor Sociale en Economische Geschiedenis/ The Low Countries Journal of Social and Economic History 3, no. 1 (March 15, 2006): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/tseg.643.

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Chen, Hailian. "Zinc Transfer from China to Europe via Trade, ca. 1600–1800: A Transnational Perspective." Technikgeschichte 80, no. 1 (2013): 71–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0040-117x-2013-1-71.

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Knotter, A. "M.H.D. van Leeuwen, Bijstand in Amsterdam, ca. 1800-1850. Armenzorg als beheersings- en overlevingsstrategie." BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review 109, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/bmgn-lchr.3799.

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Scheltjens, Werner. "Het ontstaan van een geïntegreerde maritieme transportruimte in de Lage Landen, ca. 1300-1800." Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire 92, no. 2 (2014): 293–363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rbph.2014.8553.

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Hicks, Philip. "The Roman Matron in Britain: Female Political Influence and Republican Response, ca. 1750–1800." Journal of Modern History 77, no. 1 (March 2005): 35–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/429428.

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Grehan, James. "STREET VIOLENCE AND SOCIAL IMAGINATION IN LATE-MAMLUK AND OTTOMAN DAMASCUS (CA. 1500–1800)." International Journal of Middle East Studies 35, no. 2 (May 2003): 215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743803000096.

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McLane, Maureen N. "Tuning the Multi-Media Nation, or, Minstrelsy of the Afro-Scottish Border ca. 1800." European Romantic Review 15, no. 2 (June 2004): 289–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10509580420001680651.

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Goldstein-Sabbah, Sasha, and Jan Jansen. "Local Preservation, National Demolition, International Publication: the Ta'rikh Mandinka from Bijini ca. 1800(?)–2007." History in Africa 36 (2009): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2010.0006.

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The Ta:rikh Mandinka from Bijini has been published in a classical format (as a monograph in Brill's African Sources for African History Series), but the publishing process of this book was rather extraordinary. This note on the publication serves as an instructive (and encouraging) account for all who work on the documentation and publication of African historical sources. Our “Bijini Experience” illustrates how literate and script-loving persons (academics and publishers alike) can tackle a source in which the oral and the written have always been blurred.

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MacKay, James S. "Franz Joseph Haydn and the Five-Octave Classical Keyboard: Registral Extremes, Formal Emphases and Tonal Strategies." Canadian University Music Review 23, no. 1-2 (March 6, 2013): 126–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1014521ar.

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The Classical keyboard in its various forms (harpsichord, clavichord and fortepiano) typically had a modest five-octave range (FF–f3) prior to ca. 1800. This essay examines how this range influenced the tonal shape of Joseph Haydn's keyboard music written after 1765. The author explores how Haydn used registral extremes to emphasize major formal junctures, cadences and modulations. Finally, he explores how the presence or absence of the keyboard's extreme pitches contributes to key character, examining the different contexts in which Haydn uses them in three tonalities: D minor, C major and A major.

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Journal articles on the topic '(1800-ca. 1840)'

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