Journal articles on the topic '1855-1913'

Parapteronotus bonapartii (Castelnau, 1855), é sinonimizado a Parapteronotus hasemani (Ellis, 1913), com base na presença de pequenas marcas escuras sobre a pele do corpo e cabeça, uma expansão carnosa ântero-lateralmente no lábio superior e focinho alongado nos machos adultos.

Rīgas Politehnikuma (RP) absolvents (1878) Frīdrihs Augusts Nauks (Friedrich August Nauck; 1855–1913) bija RP pirmā direktora Ernsta Nauka (Ernst Nauck; 1819–1875) dēls, inženieris, sabiedriskā transporta un dažādu ieejas kontrolbiļešu drukas aizsācējs Rīgā. Pētījuma mērķis ir atspoguļot F. A. Nauka tipogrāfijas darbību un kontrolbiļešu drukas pirmsākumus, kā pierādījumu apzinot kontrolbiļetes, kas dažādos arhīvos un muzeju krājumos ir saglabājušās līdz mūsdienām. F. A. Nauka 1888. gadā Rīgā izveidotā tipogrāfija darbojās līdz 1939. gadam. Tipogrāfijas sekmīgai darbībai inženieris izgudroja dažādas ierīces. F. A. Nauks aktīvi darbojās Rīgas Tehniskajā un Rīgas Amatu biedrībā, lasot referātus par dažādiem tematiem, kā arī bija viens no Rīgas zirgu dzelzceļa sabiedrības direktoriem (1885–1889). Pētījumā nozīmīga vieta atvēlēta F. A. Nauka ģimenei un tās pēctečiem līdz mūsdienām.A graduate of Riga Polytechnicum (RP) (1878), Friedrich August Nauck (1855–1913) was a son of the first director of RP, Ernst Nauck (1819– 1875), an engineer, the initiator of public transport and various entrance control-ticket printing in Riga. The aim of the research is to reflect the activities of F. A. Nauck’s Printing House and the beginnings of control-ticket printing, identifying control-tickets that have survived to the present day in various archives and museum collections. The Printing House established by F. A. Nauck in 1888, in Riga, operated until 1939. The engineer invented various devices for a successful operation of the Printing House. F. A. Nauck was an active member of Riga Technical and Riga Craft Society, he presented reports on various topics and was one of the directors of the Riga Horse Railway Society (1885–1889). In the research, great attention is payed to the family of F. A. Nauck and its descendants to the present day.

Uma análise do problema do “eu” aproximando os autores Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) e Mário de Sá-Carneiro (1890-1916), apresentando a experiência do desespero e da dispersão. Para esta atividade, recorre-se-á a obra O desespero humano (1849) do autor dinamarquês e A confissão de Lúcio (1913), narrativa do escritor modernista. O objetivo do presente artigo é exercitar a interdisciplinaridade entre a filosofia e a literatura, campos que dialogam a respeito da existência.

The genus Eulepida Kolbe, 1894 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Leucopholini) was established to accommodate 10 Afrotropical species, seven new and three previously placed in Lepidiota Kirby, 1828, Proagosternus Blanchard, 1851, and Tricholepis Hampson, 1891. Lacroix (2010) designated Leucopholis lepidota Klug, 1855 as the type species of the genus Eulepida. Currently the genus contains 20 species divided into three groups based on morphological characters (Lacroix 2010, 2013): species group I includes Eulepida lepidota (Klug, 1855), E. minor Moser, 1913, E. nitidicollis Kolbe, 1894, E. nyassica Kolbe, 1894, E. sinuatifrons (Fairmaire, 1887), and E. zambiensis Lacroix, 2010; species group II includes E. anatina Brenske, 1896, E. tschindeana Péringuey, 1904, and E. werneri Lacroix, 2010; and species group III includes E. baumanni Kolbe, 1894, E. flavovestita Moser, 1913, E. gracilipes Kolbe, 1894, E. kameruna (Frey, 1972), E. kenyensis Lacroix, 2010, E. mamboiae Brenske, 1896, E. manowensis Moser, 1913, E. mashona Arrow, 1902, E. montana Kolbe, 1894, E. reichei (Thomson, 1858), and E. savagei (Hope, 1842). Examination of material recently collected in Zambia revealed an undescribed species belonging to species group II (sensu Lacroix 2010). This group is defined by the combination of the following characters: protibia bidentate; antennal club distinctly longer than antennal shaft; pygidium narrow, longer than wide, with a pronounced elongate terminal invagination; and parameres symmetrical, long, evenly curved in ventral aspect (Lacroix 2010). The purpose of this paper is to describe one new species, to add new geographic records for some Eulepida species of group II, and to update the key for this group. New faunistic records are reported for Eulepida tschindeana and Eulepida werneri from Zimbabwe.

This study presents the career of late-nineteenth-century Assyriologist William St. Chad Boscawen (1855–1913) as a case study in recovering contributions to knowledge-making by low-status, marginal actors. Boscawen took Assyriological knowledge and expertise, gained at the British Museum, into a new disciplinary setting: a private museum of history of medicine, owned by pharmaceuticals entrepreneur Henry Wellcome (1853–1936). Yet his relocation was only partially successful, and his contributions to knowledge were transient. I employ a sociological framework to explore how social factors, as much as academic ones, influenced Boscawen's career trajectory. In doing so, I argue that studying marginal figures offers a richer understanding of past Assyriological practices and the wider research community in which the most prominent figures operated.

AbstractExamination of the relevant types and other material of species of Oosternum Sharp and Paroosternum Scott has proven it necessary to establish the following taxonomic changes: The genus Pemelus Horn, 1890 is considered a junior synonym of Oosternum Sharp, 1882. Cercyon sorex Sharp, 1874, currently placed in Oosternum, is transferred to Paroosternum. The following new specific synonymies are established (senior synonym given first): Paroosternum degayanum Scott, 1913 = Oosternum ecarinatum Orchymont, 1942; Cercyon sorex Sharp, 1874 [now Paroosternum s.] = Oosternum horni Orchymont, 1914. Oosternum sharpi nom. n. is proposed as a new replacement name for Oosternum costatum Sharp, 1882 nec (Le-Conte, 1855).

The status of the primary and sometimes secondary types of each of the species-level names within the Australian Melolonthini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) described by Ernst Germar, Hermann Burmeister, Charles Blanchard, William Macleay, Charles Waterhouse, Thomas Blackburn, Ernst Brenske, Anton Nonfried, Julius von Moser, Arthur Olliff, Arthur Lea, Gilbert Arrow, and Alexandre Girault are clarified. Lectotypes are designated for Antitrogus nigricornis Blackburn, 1911 (= Antitrogus tasmanicus (Burmeister, 1855)), Holophylla australis Blackburn, 1888 (Rhopaea australis), Holophylla furfuracea Burmeister, 1855 (Pseudholophylla furfuracea), Lepidioderma glaber Brenske, 1895 (= Dermolepida lixi (Nonfried, 1894)), Lepidioderma lansbergei Brenske, 1895 (= Dermolepida albohirtum (Waterhouse, 1875)), Lepidioderma waterhousei Brenske, 1895 (= Dermolepida albohirtum (Waterhouse, 1875)), Lepidiota bovilli Blackburn, 1912 (= Lepidiota rothei Blackburn, 1888), Lepidiota caudata Blackburn, 1890, Lepidiota darwini Blackburn, 1888 (= Lepidiota squamulata Waterhouse, 1875), Lepidiota deceptrix Blackburn, 1912 (= Lepidiota negatoria Blackburn, 1912), Lepidiota degener Blackburn, 1888, Lepidiota delicatula Blackburn, 1888, Lepidiota frenchi Blackburn, 1912, Lepidiota gilesi Blackburn, 1912, Lepidiota grata Blackburn, 1890, Lepidiota koebelei Blackburn, 1912 (= Lepidiota rothei Blackburn, 1888), Lepidiota laevis Arrow, 1932, Lepidiota leai Blackburn, 1912 (= Lepidiota squamulata Waterhouse, 1875), Lepidiota negatoria Blackburn, 1912, Lepidiota oblonga Brenske, 1900, Lepidiota perkinsi Blackburn, 1912, Lepidiota platyura Lea, 1924 (= Lepidiota podicalis Moser, 1913), Lepidiota rubrior Blackburn, 1912, Lepidiota rufa Blackburn, 1888, Lepidiota rugosipennis Lea, 1924 (= Lepidiota squamulata Waterhouse, 1875), Lepidiota sororia Moser, 1913, Lepidiota suavior Blackburn, 1912 (= Lepidiota delicatula Blackburn, 1888), Lepidioderma albohirtum Waterhouse, 1875 (Dermolepida albohirtum), Microrhopaea flavipennis Lea, 1920, Rhopaea assimilis Blackburn, 1911, Rhopaea callabonnensis Blackburn, 1894 (Pararhopaea callabonnensis), Rhopaea consanguinea Blackburn, 1911 (Antitrogus consanguineus), Rhopaea dubitans Blackburn, 1911 (= Antitrogus mussoni (Blackburn, 1892)), Rhopaea hirtuosa Blackburn, 1898, Rhopaea incognita Blackburn, 1911 (= Antitrogus morbillosus (Blackburn, 1898)), Rhopaea laticollis Blackburn, 1911, Rhopaea morbillosa Blackburn, 1898 (Antitrogus morbillosus), Rhopaea mussoni Blackburn, 1892 (Antitrogus mussoni), Rhopaea soror Blackburn, 1892 (= Rhopaea heterodactyla (Germar, 1848)), and Zietzia geologa Blackburn, 1894. The presumed type of Lepidiota consobrina Girault, 1918 is shown not to be from the type locality, and syntypes of Othnonius batesii Olliff, 1890, Rhizotrogus tasmanicus Burmeister, 1855 (Antitrogus tasmanicus), and Rhopaea verreauxii Blanchard, 1851 and the lectotype of Melolontha heterodactyla Germar, 1848 (Rhopaea heterodactyla) could not be located. The remaining species-level taxa either have had lectotypes designated previously or have valid holotypes. Paratypes or paralectotypes are also indicated for some species.

Taxonomic notes are provided in some Acanthoderini genera. Three new species are described: Scythropopsis intricata Santos-Silva, Botero and Wappes from Mexico, Aegomorphus robustus Santos-Silva, Botero and Wappes and Eupromerella boliviana Santos-Silva, Botero and Wappes from Bolivia. The following synonymies are proposed: Psapharochrus Thomson, 1864 as synonym of Aegomorphus Haldeman, 1847; Acanthoderes (Psapharochrus) albomaculatus Fuchs, 1963 and Acanthoderes griseomaculata Zajciw, 1971 as synonyms of Symperasmus alboniger (Bates, 1861); Pteridotelus contaminatus Thomson, 1865 as synonym of Scythropopsis melanostictica (White, 1855); Psapharochrus jameswappesi Tavakilian, 2018 as synonym of Aegomorphus wappesi (Galileo, Martins & Santos-Silva, 2015); and Psapharochrus histrio Casey, 1913 and Psapharochrus guatemalensis Casey, 1913 as synonyms of Aegomorphus circumflexus (Jacquelin du Val, 1857). Acanthoderus circumflexus Jacquelin DuVal, 1857 is proposed as nomen protectum and Acanthocinus rusticus Klug, 1829 as nomen oblitum. Aegomorphus contaminatus (Thomson, 1965) is revalidated. Scythropopsis Thomson, 1864 and Symperasmus Thomson, 1864 are herein elevated to genus rank. The geographical distribution of ten species is expanded and a key to differentiate Acanthoderes, Aegomorphus, Scythropopsis, and Symperasmus is provided.

The African chafer genus Asthenopholis Brenske, 1898 is revised. Seven species are included in the genus: A. adspersa (Boheman, 1857), A. crypsis sp. nov., A. crassa Arrow, 1902, A. minor Brenske, 1898, A. subfasciata (Blanchard, 1851), A. ugandensis Moser, 1913, and A. rex sp. nov. Asthenopholis transvaalensis Brenske, 1898 is here designated as the type species for the genus. The synonymy of A. transvaalensis Brenske, 1898 with A. adspersa (Boheman, 1857) is maintained. Lectotypes are designated for Asthenopholis adspersa (Boheman, 1857), A. dasypus (Burmeister, 1855), A. minor Brenske, 1898, A. subfasciata (Blanchard, 1851), A. transvaalensis Brenske, 1898, and A. ugandensis Moser, 1913. In the absence of a formal description, Asthenopholis bechuana Péringuey, 1904 is regarded as a nomen nudum. Colour habitus pictures and three views of the male genitalia are provided for all valid species. A key to differentiate the species and three maps to illustrate their known distributions are included. The phenology (as seven bar charts) and pest status are presented for all species. Fourteen plates comprising 138 scanning electron micrographs are included to illustrate obscure, yet species-specific characters (including some generic-specific characters).

A graduate of Riga Polytechnicum (RP) (1878), Friedrich August Nauck (1855–1913) was a son of the first director of RP, Ernst Nauck (1819– 1875), an engineer, the initiator of public transport and various entrance control-ticket printing in Riga. The aim of the research is to reflect the activities of F. A. Nauck’s Printing House and the beginnings of control-ticket printing, identifying control-tickets that have survived to the present day in various archives and museum collections. The Printing House established by F. A. Nauck in 1888, in Riga, operated until 1939. The engineer invented various devices for a successful operation of the Printing House. F. A. Nauck was an active member of Riga Technical and Riga Craft Society, he presented reports on various topics and was one of the directors of the Riga Horse Railway Society (1885–1889). In the research, great attention is payed to the family of F. A. Nauck and its descendants to the present day.

Pere Estasen i Cortada (1855–1913) fue un innovador, porque desempeñó un papel fundamental en la introducción de la escuela histórica alemana de economía, el positivismo filosófico y el darwinismo social. Políticamente, tal como ha indicado el joven historiador de la ciencia Antoni Vives, hay que situarlo en los ambientes republicanos federales de tendencia más conservadora. Su pensamiento científico está influido por varias corrientes:a) ilustración (Campomanes, Floridablanca, Jovellanos, Bernardo Ward) y liberalismo (Flórez Estrada, Jaumeandreu) hispánicos;b) positivismo, evolucionismo, organicismo (Comte, Littré, Spencer, Pavel von Lilienfeld, A. E. Schäffle);c) vieja y joven escuela histórica alemana (Roscher, Knies, Hildebrand, Schmoller, Held) y socialismo de cátedra (A. Wagner, barón de Laveleye); yd) proteccionismo: List, Carey, Ferrier, G. Fiamingo3, y Colbert y Bismarck en el terreno de la política economica.

A tradução que se segue diz respeito à primeira parte do texto de Antonio Rosmini-Serbati (1797-1855), intitulado Breve schizzo dei sistemi di Filosofia Moderna e del proprio sistema (publicado postumamente em 1913 e 1942), em que o autor apresenta sete filósofos que representam, segundo sua concepção, os sistemas filosóficos relevantes do período moderno, em especial do século XVIII. Contudo, ainda que o elenco de filósofos e seus sistemas apresentem uma aparente ordem cronológica, nota-se antes uma linha expositiva apoiada sob um desenvolvimento conceitual e sistemático, onde cada filósofo aqui exposto apresenta um progresso, do ponto de vista do autor, com relação a seus predecessores. Desse modo, o texto tem início por uma breve caracterização do pensamento de Locke, desenvolvendo-se em sistemas filosóficos como de Condillac, Berkeley, Hume, Reid, Kant, e, por fim, com a proposta filosófica de Fichte.

This paper presents a taxonomic revision of 28 described species of the genus Sirthenea Spinola, 1837 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Peiratinae) distributed in the Afrotropical, Oriental, Palearctic, Oceanian and Australian zoogeographical regions. The following new synonymies are proposed: Sirthenea africana Distant, 1903 = S. rapax Horváth, 1909, syn. nov. = S. leonina Horváth, 1909, syn. nov. = S. bequaerti Schouteden, 1913, syn. nov. = S. leontovitchi Schouteden, 1931, syn. nov.; Sirthenea picescens Reuter, 1887 = S. atrocyanea Horváth, 1909, syn. nov.; S. rodhaini Schouteden, 1913 = S. collarti Schouteden, 1931, syn. nov. = S. angolana Villiers, 1958, syn. nov.; S. flavipes (Stål, 1855) = S. clavata Miller, 1948, syn. nov. = S. bharati Sucheta & Chopra, 1988, syn. nov. = S. koreana Kerzhner & Lee, 1996 syn. nov. = S. melanota Cai & Lu, 1990, syn. nov. = S. nigripes Murugan & Livingstone, 1990, syn. nov.; S. obscura (Stål, 1866) = S. glabra (Walker, 1873), syn. nov. A neotype is designated for S. picescens Reuter, 1887. Three species, S. erythromelas (Walker 1873), S. fulvipennis (Walker, 1873) and S. sobria (Walker, 1873), are excluded from the genus Sirthenea. Two new species from the Oriental Region, S. kali sp. nov. (India) and S. setosa sp. nov. (Malaysia) are described. Identification keys are provided for the subgenera and species from each zoogeographical region treated. Drawings of dorsal habitus and genitalic structures, drawings and images of selected morphological characters, and distribution maps of all valid species are presented.

Na metade do século XIX o público feminino podia contemplar ilustrações de modas vindas da França, publicadas em periódicos estrangeiros, como o Le Moniteur de la Mode (1843-1913), e anexadas em publicações brasileiras, como O Jornal das Senhoras (1852-1855). Essas peças vinham acompanhadas de uma descrição, indicando os espa-ços e os horários recomendados para o uso daquela indumentária, assim como o tipo de tecido, as partes do vestuário, as cores, os formatos, os penteados e demais adereços que compunham a ilustração. A partir dessa relação entre texto e imagem, propomos anali-sar o papel social que as redatoras-chefes do O Jornal das Senhoras tiveram no processo de transferência e de mediação da cultura da moda parisiense, moldando os gostos e os hábitos de se vestir no Rio de Janeiro Oitocentista por meio dos textos traduzidos e das ilustrações de moda anexadas nesse impresso.

Desde os primórdios da publicação de periódicos femininos sobre moda no Brasil Oitocentista, a França se destacava como uma referência cultural. As constatações desta afirmação aparecem nos diversos artigos de moda, assim como na inserção de estampas litografadas, representando vestidos e padrões de bordados, a fim de instruir suas leitoras sobre as distintas indumentárias que poderiam ser usadas em determinados espaços de sociabilidade públicos e privados, na perspectiva de uma pedagogia do olhar. O surgimento do periódico feminino O Jornal das Senhoras (1852-1855), considerado um dos primeiros impressos dirigidos por mulheres no Brasil, reforça a ideia da pedagogia do olhar, na medida em que quase 80% das edições publicadas tiveram a inserção de uma estampa ilustrando vestidos ou padrões de bordado. Grande parte destas ilustrações eram extraídas do periódico de moda francês Le Moniteur de la Mode (1843-1913), assim como a descrição da estampa, traduzida para o português. Neste sentido, propomos compreender as trocas existentes entre os mediadores culturais envolvidos neste processo, e os meios utilizados na transferência cultural da moda francesa para o Brasil.

In this contribution the author goes deeper into the life, the oeuvre and the network of the all but forgotten artist Bramine Hubrecht (1855-1913). At the centre is one of her paintings – four veiled young girls entirely dressed in white in a church interior. This work is now in Museum Catharijneconvent. The painting was previously attributed to Isaac Israels (1865-1934) on the basis of two false signatures. New information has meant that it can now be identified as a work by the painter Bramine Hubrecht. One of her sketchbooks in the Rijksmuseum and a watercolour in the Pulchri Cabinet, a unique artists’ initiative in The Hague, helped in unravelling the story. These two works, which show exactly the same girls, can beattributed to Hubrecht with absolute certainty. New biographical information has reinforced this new attribution and also sheds light on the meaning of the subject. These ‘brides’ prove to be part of the Processione dei Misteri del Venerdì Santo,which is still held every year on the evening of Good Friday in Taormina, the little village in Sicily where Hubrecht lived at the beginning of the twentieth century. The new attribution has also prompted research into Hubrecht’s life and works – research which has not been carried out until now.

Abstract Tree-ring width standard chronologies were created from Juniperus przewalskii Kom data collected in the southern Three-River Headwaters (TRH) region. Statistical analysis results showed high correlation between the first primary component (PC1) of the four chronologies and instrumental precipitation records during the annual September–August interval. Precipitation of the region was reconstructed for the past 461 years. It was verified that the reconstruction model was stable by split-sample calibration-verification statistics. The reconstruction series revealed 22 extremely dry years and 9 extremely wet years. Results showed relatively dry periods occurred during 1567–1597, 1604–1614, 1641–1656, 1684–1700, 1734–1755, 1817–1830, 1913–1932, 1953–1971, 1990–2005. Relatively wet periods occurred during 1615–1630, 1657–1683, 1701–1733, 1756–1786, 1798–1816, 1844–1855, 1864–1875, 1885–1912, 1933–1952, 1977–1989. Comparison with tree-ring based precipitation reconstructions, and chronologies from surrounding areas provided a high degree of confidence in our reconstruction, and correlated well with the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA) dataset in the public section of corresponding grids. The empirical mode decomposition analysis suggests the existence of significant periods with intervals of 2–5, 6–10, 11–18, and 28–60 years. This research contributes to a better understanding of historical variations in precipitation and will aid in future plans to address climate change of the TRH region.

Autor uvodno govori o prvom spominjanju mjesta Višnjan i o utemeljenju župe odvajanjem od župe Motovun. Navodi nekoliko činjenica iz najstarije vizitacije 1600. i iznosi podatke o području župe. Navodi podatke o prezimenima i o mjestima odakle se stanovništvo doseljava na područje višnjanske župe, kao i osnovne podatke o vođenju matičnih knjiga te o njihovoj sačuvanosti i mjestu gdje se nalaze (Župni ured Višnjan, Matični ured u Poreču te Državni arhiv u Pazinu). Govori o važnosti matičnih knjiga za lokalnu povijest. Uspoređuje broj rođenih (krštenih), vjenčanih i umrlih od 1815. do 1873. te donosi tablice krštenih (1865. – 1904.), vjenčanih (1875. – 1913.) i umrlih (1873. – 1910.). Posebno se osvrće na podatke crpljene iz matičnih knjiga umrlih. Nabraja sve zarazne bolesti koje se pojavljuju u knjigama umrlih. Posebno se osvrće na veliku epidemiju kolere iz 1855., za koju posebno donosi tablicu sa svim relevantnim podacima. Donosi podatke o raznim drugim uzrocima smrti (ubojstva, samoubojstva, razne nesreće; donosi popise stradalih u nesrećama, kao i popis žena umrlih pri porodu). Donosi također tablicu umrle djece do navršene sedme godine života (1873. – 1910.). Na kraju donosi četiri priloga: (1) smrtni slučajevi djece do navršene sedme godine rođenja prema starosnoj dobi umrlih, (2) promjene prezimena u talijanski oblik za vrijeme talijanske uprave iz Matične knjige krštenih 1865. – 1904., (3) isto iz Matične knjige vjenčanih 1874. – 1914. te (4) prezimena po mjestima unutar župe (na temelju podataka iz matičnih knjiga).

Documenting of natural history flourished with exploration of remote parts of North America during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, but the earliest published observations on the biota of Sable Island, along with casual observations in the journals of successive superintendents are vague, and emphasize exploitability. John Gilpin’s 1854 and 1855 visits were the first by a knowledgeable naturalist. His published 1859 “lecture” includes sketchy descriptions of the flora, birds, pinnipeds, and a list of collected marine molluscs. Reflecting growth of ‘cabinet’ natural history in New England, J. W. Maynard in 1868 collected a migrant sparrow in coastal Massachusetts, soon named Ipswich Sparrow and recognized as nesting on Sable Island. This persuaded New York naturalist Jonathan Dwight to visit the island in June-July1894 and produce a substantial monograph on the sparrow. He in turn encouraged Superintendent Bouteiller’s family to send him many bird specimens, some very unusual, now in the American Museum of Natural History. Dominion Botanist John Macoun made the first extensive collection of the island’s plants in 1899, but only wrote a casual account of the biota. He possibly also promoted the futile tree-planting experiment in May 1901 directed by William Saunders, whose son, W. E., published some observations on the island’s birds, and further encouraged the Bouteillers to make and publish systematic bird observations, 1901-1907. This account closes with Harold St. John’s 1913 stay on the island and his first truly modern treatment of the island’s flora in 1921. Little more was added before modern biological research was initiated, arguably with censuses and biological sampling of seals in the early 1960s.

A determinação da profundidade e âmbito da influência que as Cartas Estéticas de Schiller exerceu sobre a filosofia de Peirce revelou-se como uma desafiadora tarefa interpretativa. Tanto o entendimento de sua necessidade quanto a consciência de suas dificuldades apenas surgiram gradativamente na obra de gerações de estudiosos. O objetivo deste trabalho é delinear a situação hermeneutica atual em relação à ‘questão-Schiller-Peirce’ (Seção I) e executar a sub-tarefa de interpretar um grupo de passagens que, até agora, não receberam a atenção e o rigor filológico que merecem: as recordações de Peirce (1902-1913) de seu estudo juvenil das Cartas. Como constituem nossa única garantia da premissa de que o pensamento de Schiller – além de servir como acesso a Kant, em torno de 1855 – teve algum significado para Peirce, as recordações são documentadas o mais plenamente possível (Seção II), a fim de situar o ressurgimento de Schiller no pensamento de Peirce no contexto dos desafios teoréticos enfrentados por Peirce, em vista da reconcepção coenoscópica das ciências filosóficas que ocorreram entre 1900 e 1903 (Seção III). Esta contextualização arquitetônica das recordações corresponde aos resultados de nossa análise da juvelinia obtida em um trabalho conjunto. A essência categoriológica das Cartas, em torno da qual Schiller constrói uma lógica tripartida de processos psíquicos, agiu como um catalizador para a análise de Peirce das deficiências da categoriologia de Kant e, assim, fundamentou sua concepção (conotação) e uso (aplicação extensa ao objeto-domínios) das categorias como constituintes meramente formais – verdadeiramente universais, estritamente ordenados, essencialmente modais – de fenomenalidade, normatividade e processualidade histórica, i.e., como os elementos constitutivos e dimensões arquitetônicas da semiose de uma inteligência, capaz de aprender através da experiência.

AbstractSeveral previous cross-sectional studies have shown that vegetarians have a better metabolic profile than non-vegetarians, suggesting that a vegetarian dietary pattern may help prevent chronic degenerative diseases. However, longitudinal studies on the impact of vegetarian diets on metabolic traits are scarce. We studied how several sub-types of vegetarian diets affect metabolic traits, including waist circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, TAG and TC:HDL ratio, through both cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs. The study used the MJ Health Screening database, with data collected from 1994 to 2008 in Taiwan, which included 4415 lacto-ovo-vegetarians, 1855 lacto-vegetarians and 1913 vegans; each vegetarian was matched with five non-vegetarians based on age, sex and study site. In the longitudinal follow-up, each additional year of vegan diet lowered the risk of obesity by 7 % (95 % CI 0·88, 0·99), whereas each additional year of lacto-vegetarian diet lowered the risk of elevated SBP by 8 % (95 % CI 0·85, 0·99) and elevated glucose by 7 % (95 % CI 0·87, 0·99), and each additional year of ovo-lacto-vegetarian diet increased abnormal HDL by 7 % (95 % CI 1·03, 1·12), compared with non-vegetarians. In the cross-sectional comparisons, all sub-types of vegetarians had lower likelihoods of abnormalities compared with non-vegetarians on all metabolic traits (P<0·001 for all comparisons), except for HDL and TAG. The better metabolic profile in vegetarians is partially attributable to lower BMI. With proper management of TAG and HDL, along with caution about the intake of refined carbohydrates and fructose, a plant-based diet may benefit all aspects of the metabolic profile.

The Paleoproterozoic Hottah terrane is the westernmost exposed bedrock of the Canadian Shield and a critical component for understanding the evolution of the Wopmay Orogen. Thirteen new high-precision U–Pb zircon crystallization ages are presented and support field observations of a volcano-plutonic continuum from Hottah terrane through to the end of the Great Bear magmatism, from >1950 to 1850 Ma. The new crystallization ages, new geochemical data, and newly published detrital zircon U–Pb data are used to challenge hitherto accepted models for the evolution of the Hottah terrane as an exotic arc and microcontinent that arrived over a west-dipping subduction zone and collided with the Slave craton at ca. 1.88 Ga. Although the Hottah terrane does have a tectonic history that is distinct from that of the neighbouring Slave craton, it shares a temporal history with a number of domains to the south and east — domains that were tied to the Slave craton by ca. 1.97 Ga. It is interpreted herein that Hottah terrane began to the south of its current position and evolved in an active margin over an always east-dipping subduction system that began prior to ca. 2.0 Ga and continued to ca. 1.85 Ga, and underwent tectonic switching and migration. The stratigraphy of the ca. 1913–1900 Ma Hottah plutonic complex and Bell Island Bay Group includes a subaerial rifting arc sequence, followed by basinal opening represented by marginal marine quartz arenite and overlying ca. 1893 Ma pillowed basalt flows and lesser rhyodacites. We interpret this stratigraphy to record Hottah terrane rifting off its parental arc crust — in essence the birth of the new Hottah terrane. This model is similar to rapidly rifting arcs in active margins — for example, modern Baja California. These rifts generally occur at the transition between subduction zones (e.g., Cocos–Rivera plates) and transtensional shear zones (e.g., San Andreas fault), and we suggest that extension-driven transtensional shearing, or, more simply, terrane translation, was responsible for the evolution of Bell Island Bay Group stratigraphy and that it transported this newly born Hottah terrane laterally (northward in modern coordinates), arriving adjacent to the Slave craton at ca. 1.88 Ga. Renewed east-dipping subduction led to the Great Bear arc flare-up at ca. 1876 Ma, continuing to ca. 1869 Ma. This was followed by voluminous Great Bear plutonism until ca. 1855 Ma. The model implies that it was the westerly Nahanni terrane and its subducting oceanic crust that collided with this active margin, shutting down the >120 million year old, east-dipping subduction system.

Changes to the treatment of Coleoptera family-group names published by Bouchard et al. (2011) are given. These include necessary additions and corrections based on much-appreciated suggestions from our colleagues, as well as our own research. Our ultimate goal is to assemble a complete list of available Coleoptera family-group names published up to the end of 2010 (including information about their spelling, author, year of publication, and type genus). The following 59 available Coleoptera family-group names are based on type genera not included in Bouchard et al. (2011): Prothydrinae Guignot, 1954, Aulonogyrini Ochs, 1953 (Gyrinidae); Pogonostomini Mandl 1954, Merismoderini Wasmann, 1929, †Escheriidae Kolbe, 1880 (Carabidae); Timarchopsinae Wang, Ponomarenko &amp; Zhang, 2010 (Coptoclavidae); Stictocraniini Jakobson, 1914 (Staphylinidae); Cylindrocaulini Zang, 1905, Kaupiolinae Zang, 1905 (Passalidae); Phaeochroinae Kolbe, 1912 (Hybosoridae); Anthypnidae Chalande, 1884 (Glaphyridae); Comophorini Britton, 1957, Comophini Britton, 1978, Chasmidae Streubel, 1846, Mimelidae Theobald, 1882, Rhepsimidae Streubel, 1846, Ometidae Streubel, 1846, Jumnidae Burmeister, 1842, Evambateidae Gistel, 1856 (Scarabaeidae); Protelmidae Jeannel, 1950 (Byrrhoidea); Pseudeucinetini Csiki, 1924 (Limnichidae); Xylotrogidae Schönfeldt, 1887 (Bostrichidae); †Mesernobiinae Engel, 2010, Fabrasiinae Lawrence &amp; Reichardt, 1966 (Ptinidae); Arhinopini Kirejtshuk &amp; Bouchard, 2018 (Nitidulidae); Hypodacninae Dajoz, 1976, Ceuthocera Mannerheim, 1852 (Cerylonidae); Symbiotinae Joy, 1932 (Endomychidae); Cheilomenini Schilder &amp; Schilder, 1928, Veraniini Schilder &amp; Schilder, 1928 (Coccinellidae); Ennearthroninae Chûjô, 1939 (Ciidae); Curtimordini Odnosum, 2010, Mordellochroini Odnosum, 2010 (Mordellidae); Chanopterinae Borchmann, 1915 (Promecheilidae); Heptaphyllini Prudhomme de Borre, 1886, Olocratarii Baudi di Selve, 1875, Opatrinaires Mulsant &amp; Rey, 1853, Telacianae Poey, 1854, Ancylopominae Pascoe, 1871 (Tenebrionidae); Oxycopiini Arnett, 1984 (Oedemeridae); Eutrypteidae Gistel, 1856 (Mycteridae); Pogonocerinae Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1985 (Pyrochroidae); Amblyderini Desbrochers des Loges, 1899 (Anthicidae); Trotommideini Pic, 1903 (Scraptiidae); Acmaeopsini Della Beffa, 1915, Trigonarthrini Villiers, 1984, Eunidiini Téocchi, Sudre &amp; Jiroux, 2010 (Cerambycidae); Macropleini Lopatin, 1977, Stenopodiides Horn, 1883, Microrhopalides Horn, 1883, Colaphidae Siegel, 1866, Lexiphanini Wilcox, 1954 (Chrysomelidae); †Medmetrioxenoidesini Legalov, 2010, †Megametrioxenoidesini Legalov, 2010 (Nemonychidae); Myrmecinae Tanner, 1966, Tapinotinae Joy, 1932, Acallinae Joy, 1932, Cycloderini Hoffmann, 1950, Sthereini Hatch, 1971 (Curculionidae). The following 21 family-group names, listed as unavailable in Bouchard et al. (2011), are determined to be available: Eohomopterinae Wasmann, 1929 (Carabidae); Prosopocoilini Benesh, 1960, Pseudodorcini Benesh, 1960, Rhyssonotini Benesh, 1960 (Lucanidae); Galbini Beaulieu, 1919 (Eucnemidae); Troglopates Mulsant &amp; Rey, 1867 (Melyridae); Hippodamiini Weise, 1885 (Coccinellidae); Micrositates Mulsant &amp; Rey, 1854, Héliopathaires Mulsant &amp; Rey, 1854 (Tenebrionidae); Hypasclerini Arnett, 1984; Oxaciini Arnett, 1984 (Oedemeridae); Stilpnonotinae Borchmann, 1936 (Mycteridae); Trogocryptinae Lawrence, 1991 (Salpingidae); Grammopterini Della Beffa, 1915, Aedilinae Perrier, 1893, Anaesthetinae Perrier, 1893 (Cerambycidae); Physonotitae Spaeth, 1942, Octotomides Horn, 1883 (Chrysomelidae); Sympiezopinorum Faust, 1886, Sueinae Murayama, 1959, Eccoptopterini Kalshoven, 1959 (Curculionidae). The following names were proposed as new without reference to family-group names based on the same type genus which had been made available at an earlier date: Dineutini Ochs, 1926 (Gyrinidae); Odonteini Shokhin, 2007 (Geotrupidae); Fornaxini Cobos, 1965 (Eucnemidae); Auletobiina Legalov, 2001 (Attelabidae). The priority of several family-group names, listed as valid in Bouchard et al. (2011), is affected by recent bibliographic discoveries or new nomenclatural interpretations. †Necronectinae Ponomarenko, 1977 is treated as permanently invalid and replaced with †Timarchopsinae Wang, Ponomarenko &amp; Zhang, 2010 (Coptoclavidae); Agathidiini Westwood, 1838 is replaced by the older name Anisotomini Horaninow, 1834 (Staphylinidae); Cyrtoscydmini Schaufuss, 1889 is replaced by the older name Stenichnini Fauvel, 1885 (Staphylinidae); Eremazinae Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1977 is treated as unavailable and replaced with Eremazinae Stebnicka, 1977 (Scarabaeidae); Coryphocerina Burmeister, 1842 is replaced by the older name Rhomborhinina Westwood, 1842 (Scarabaeidae); Eudysantina Bouchard, Lawrence, Davies &amp; Newton, 2005 is replaced by the older name Dysantina Gebien, 1922 which is not permanently invalid (Tenebrionidae). The names Macraulacinae/-ini Fleutiaux, 1923 (Eucnemidae), Anamorphinae Strohecker, 1953 (Endomychidae), Pachycnemina Laporte, 1840 (Scarabaeidae), Thaumastodinae Champion, 1924 (Limnichidae), Eudicronychinae Girard, 1971 (Elateridae), Trogoxylini Lesne, 1921 (Bostrichidae), Laemophloeidae Ganglbauer, 1899 (Laemophloeidae); Ancitini Aurivillius, 1917 (Cerambycidae) and Tropiphorini Marseul, 1863 (Curculionidae) are threatened by the discovery of older names; Reversal of Precedence (ICZN 1999: Art. 23.9) or an application to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature will be necessary to retain usage of the younger synonyms. Reversal of Precedence is used herein to qualify the following family-group names as nomina protecta: Murmidiinae Jacquelin du Val, 1858 (Cerylonidae) and Chalepini Weise, 1910 (Chrysomelidae). The following 17 Coleoptera family-group names (some of which are used as valid) are homonyms of other family-group names in zoology, these cases must be referred to the Commission for a ruling to remove the homonymy: Catiniidae Ponomarenko, 1968 (Catiniidae); Homopterinae Wasmann, 1920, Glyptini Horn, 1881 (Carabidae); Tychini Raffray, 1904, Ocypodina Hatch, 1957 (Staphylinidae); Gonatinae Kuwert, 1891 (Passalidae); Aplonychidae Burmeister, 1855 (Scarabaeidae); Microchaetini Paulus, 1973 (Byrrhidae); Epiphanini Muona, 1993 (Eucnemidae); Limoniina Jakobson, 1913 (Elateridae); Ichthyurini Champion, 1915 (Cantharidae); Decamerinae Crowson, 1964 (Trogossitidae); Trichodidae Streubel, 1839 (Cleridae); Monocorynini Miyatake, 1988 (Coccinellidae); Gastrophysina Kippenberg, 2010, Chorinini Weise, 1923 (Chrysomelidae); Meconemini Pierce, 1930 (Anthribidae). The following new substitute names are proposed: Phoroschizus (to replace Schizophorus Ponomarenko, 1968) and Phoroschizidae (to replace Schizophoridae Ponomarenko, 1968); Mesostyloides (to replace Mesostylus Faust, 1894) and Mesostyloidini (to replace Mesostylini Reitter, 1913). The following new genus-group name synonyms are proposed [valid names in square brackets]: Plocastes Gistel, 1856 [Aesalus Fabricius, 1801] (Lucanidae); Evambates Gistel, 1856 [Trichius Fabricius, 1775] (Scarabaeidae); Homoeoplastus Gistel, 1856 [Byturus Latreille, 1797] (Byturidae). Two type genera previously treated as preoccupied and invalid, Heteroscelis Latreille, 1828 and Dysantes Pascoe, 1869 (Tenebrionidae), are determined to be senior homonyms based on bibliographical research. While Dysantes is treated as valid here, Reversal of Precedence (ICZN 1999: Art. 23.9) is used to conserve usage of Anomalipus Guérin-Méneville, 1831 over Heteroscelis.

Nikolai Alexandrovich Velyaminov was born in 1855 in St. Petersburg. He studied at the gymnasiums of Wiesbaden and Warsaw. In 1872 he entered the Moscow University in physics and mathematics, and in 1873 transferred to the faculty of medicine. In 1877 he was sent to the army in the Caucasus. In 1878-1879, Nikolai Alexandrovich became ill with typhus, developing a chronic process in the lungs, which requires long-term treatment abroad. After recovery in the years 1880-1881 N. And. Velyaminov works in Central Asia as a surgeon of the Akhal-Teke expedition, develops a system of medical sorting and evacuation of the wounded, writes "Memories of the surgeon from the Akhal-Teke expedition." In 1883 he received the degree of doctor of medicine and worked as an assistant to Professor K. K. Reyer, lectured on operative surgery in Women's medical courses. In 1884 N. Ah. Velyaminov becomes an assistant to the chief physician and surgeon of the Holy cross community of sisters of mercy. In 1885 he founded the first in Russia authoritative scientific surgical journal "Surgical Bulletin". Since 1887 N. Ah. Velyaminov as a Junior doctor of the life guards of the Preobrazhensky regiment heads the surgical Department in Krasnoselsky hospital, since 1893 works as the Director of the Maximilian hospital in St. Petersburg, since 1894 the senior doctor of the Semenovsky regiment, is appointed the life-physician and honorary surgeon of the Highest Court, and then the senior doctor of the Imperial headquarters. In 1889 he defended his doctoral thesis. In 1894 N. Ah. Velyaminov is elected Professor of the Military medical Academy. In 1896 he designs the device for the first time in St. Petersburg service of "Ambulance", organizing children's sanatoriums. In 1900, Velyaminov was elected an honorary member of the Royal medical College in London, the Chief Commissioner of the Russian red cross society for assistance to the sick and wounded in the far East. In 1905 N. Ah. Velyaminov was awarded the rank of privy Councilor, and in 1907 was awarded the order of St. Anne of the 1st degree. In the same years N. Ah. Velyaminov was the first in Russia to study occupational injuries, insurance of workers and organized the "Bureau of medical examination for workers" (1907). In 1910 1912 N. Ah. Velyaminova works as the head of the Imperial Military medical Academy in St. Petersburg. In 1913, the conference of the Military medical Academy elected him academician of medicine. At the beginning of World war I. Ah. Velyaminov took part in the work of the Main Directorate of the red cross, and from the end of August he was a surgeon-consultant at the Headquarters of the commander-in-Chief to inspect the surgical case in the army. By the beginning of 1917 N. Ah. Velyaminov held many positions: Director of the Mariinsky hospital for the poor, Alexandrinsky women's hospital and Maximilian hospital; Chairman of the Medical Commission for reception in the sanatorium "khalila", the Russian Society for the protection of public health, the Interdepartmental Commission for the revision of medical legislation; Vice-Chairman of the Committee of the Community of the Seaside sanatorium for chronically ill children; editor of the magazines "Surgical archive" and "Hygiene and sanitary Affairs"; inspector of the court medical unit; honorary consultant of the Alexander-Mariinsky hospital and hospital for incoming patients; consultant of the Royal office for the institutions of the Empress Maria Feodorovna, member of the Board of the Community. Kaufman red cross and the Medical Council of the interior Ministry. In 1919-1920 he headed the Department of surgical pathology with desmurgy at the Women's medical Institute. In March 1920, he was offered the post of Chairman of the Commission for the reform of medical education, from which N. Ah. Velyaminov refused. By this time the new government took away the Professor's apartment, and he found refuge in the utility room of the Petrograd hospital named after Peter the Great. N. And. Velyaminov author of over 100 scientific medical works, including 8 monographs. He described thyrotoxic polyarthritis, gave the classification of diseases of the joints and thyroid gland, one of the first pointed to the importance of the endocrine glands in the development of surgical diseases, used phototherapy; opened the first Russian light therapy room. A lot of new N. And. Velyaminov contributed to the doctrine of surgical treatment of bone tuberculosis and abdominal surgery. April 9, 1920 N. Ah. Velyaminov died and was buried at the Volkov cemetery.

In the present monograph, the taxonomy of the species of the genus Maladera Mulsant & Rey, 1871 from China is revised. We recorded 224 valid species for China, including 152 species new to science: Maladera allonitens Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. anhuiensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. apicalis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. aptera Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. baii Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. baishaoensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. bansongchana Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. baoxingensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. bawanglingana Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. bawanglingensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. beibengensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. beidouensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. bikouensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. breviclava Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. bubengensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. businskyorum Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. chenzhouana Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. constellata Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. crenatotibialis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. crenolatipes Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. daanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. dadongshanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. dahongshanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. dajuensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. danfengensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. dayaoshanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. diaolinensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. emeifengensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. enigma Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. erlangshanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. eshanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. excisilabrata Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. fangana Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. fangchengensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. fencli Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. fengyangshanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. fereobscurata Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. filigraniforceps Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. flavipennis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. fuanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. guangdongana Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. guangzhaishanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. guanxianensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. guanxiensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. guomenshanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. guomenshanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. gusakovi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. haba Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. habashanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. hajeki Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. hansmalickyi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. hongyuanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. houzhenziensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. hsui Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. huanianensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. hubeiensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. hui Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. hunanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. hunuguensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. hutiaoensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. jaroslavi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. jatuai Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. jiangi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. jingdongensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. jinggangshanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. jinghongensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. jiucailingensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. jizuana Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. juntongi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. juxianensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. kalawensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. kryschanowskii Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. kubeceki Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. laocaiensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. lianxianensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. liaochengensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. liwenzhui Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. longruiensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. luoxiangensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. lushanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. lushuiensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. maguanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. maoershana Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. mupingensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. nabanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. nanlingensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. nanpingensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. ninglangensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. panyuensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. parabrunnescens Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. paradetersa Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. paranitens Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. paraserripes Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. parobscurata Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. peregoi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. pieli Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. pingchuanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. pseudoconsularis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. pseudoegregia Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. pseudoexima Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. pseudofuscipes Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. pseudonitens Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. pseudosenta Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. pui Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. putaodiensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. qianqingtangensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. queinneci Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. riberai Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. robustula Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. rubriventris Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. rufonitida Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. rufopaca Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. sanqingshanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. serratiforceps Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. shaluishanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. shangraoensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. shaowuensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. shenglongi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. shengqiaoae Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. shiniushanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. shiruguanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. shiwandashanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. shoumanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. sinobiloba Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. snizeki Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. songi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. taiyangheensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. tengchongensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. tiachiensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. tiammushanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. tiani Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. tianzushanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. tongzhongensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. trifidiforceps Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. uncipenis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. wandingana Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. weni Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. wipfleri Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. wulaoshanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. wuliangshanensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. wupingensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. xingkei Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. xingkeyangi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. xinqiaoensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. xuezhongi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. yakouensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. yangi Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. yibini Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. yipinglangensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. yongrenensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. yunnanica Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n., M. zhejiangensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n. The work also resulted in nine new combinations and 17 new synonyms: Maladera (subgenus Omaladera Reitter, 1896) (= Cephaloserica Brenske, 1900, syn. n.; = Coronoserica Brenske, 1902, syn. n.); Maladera formosae (Brenske, 1898) (= Autoserica castanea Arrow, 1913, syn. n.; = Serica korgei Petrovitz, 1967, syn. n.); Maladera motschulskyi (Brenske, 1897) (= Autoserica furcillata Brenske, 1897, syn. n.; Serica schoenfeldti Murayama, 1937, syn. n.); Maladera pallida (Burmeister, 1855) comb. n. (= Maladera ludipennis Miyake, Yamaguchi & Aoki 2002, syn. n.); Maladera renardi (Ballion, 1870) (= Serica delicta Brenske, 1897, syn. n.); Maladera secreta (Brenske, 1897) (= Autoserica cruralis Frey, 1972, syn. n.); Maladera verticalis (Fairmaire, 1888) (= Autoserica hiekei Frey, 1972, syn. n.); Maladera futschauana (Brenske, 1897) (= Autoserica atavana Brenske, 1902, syn. n.; = Autoserica montivaga Moser, 1915, syn. n.); Maladera aureola (Murayama, 1938) (= Maladera liotibia Nomura, 1974, syn. n.); Maladera brunnescens (Frey, 1972) comb. n., Maladera exima (Arrow, 1946) comb. n., Maladera gansuensis (Miyake & Yamaya, 2001) comb. n., Maladera nigrobrunnea (Moser, 1926) comb. n., Maladera orientalis (Motschulsky, 1858) (= Serica salebrosa Brenske, 1897, syn. n.; =Autoserica davidis Brenske, 1898, syn. n.; = Serica mirabilis Brenske, 1894, syn. n.), Maladera punctulata (Frey, 1972) comb. n., Maladera rotunda (Arrow, 1946) comb. n., Maladera serripes (Moser, 1915) comb. n., Maladera senta (Brenske, 1897) (= Autoserica subspinosa Brenske, 1898, syn n.); Maladera spissigrada (Brenske, 1897) (= Serica nakayamai Murayama, 1938, syn. n.); Maladera tibialis (Brenske, 1898) comb. n. The lectotypes of the following species were designated: Autoserica furcillata Brenske, 1897, A. cariniceps Moser, 1915, A. diversipes Moser, 1915, A. flammea Brenske, 1898, A. fuscipes Moser, 1915, A. gibbiventris Brenske, 1897, A. hongkongica Brenske, 1898, A. obscurata Moser, 1915, A. piceola Moser, 1915, Serica delicta Brenske, 1897, S. exigua Brenske, 1894, S. nigrobrunnea Moser, 1926, S. orientalis Motschulsky, 1858, S. pallida Burmeister, 1855, S. salebrosa Brenske, 1897, and S. sibirica Brenske, 1897. Keys to the subgenera and species groups of Maladera, as well as a key to the species within each species-group are provided. Furthermore, we provide maps of the species distribution, as well as illustrations of the habitus and male genitalia.

- G.W.J. Drewes, Taufik Abdullah, Islam and society in Southeast Asia, Institute of Southeast Asian studies, Singapore, 1986, XII and 348 pp., Sharon Siddique (eds.) - Th. van den End, T.Valentino Sitoy, A history of Christianity in the Philippines. The initial encounter , Vol. I, Quezon City (Philippines): New day publishers, 1985. - R. Hagesteijn, David G. Marr, Southeast Asia in the 9th to 14th centuries, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian studies and the research school of Pacific studies of the Australian National University, 1986, 416 pp., A.C. Milner (eds.) - R. Hagesteijn, Constance M. Wilson, The Burma-Thai frontier over sixteen decades - Three descriptive documents, Ohio University monographs in international studies, Southeast Asia series No. 70, 1985,120 pp., Lucien M. Hanks (eds.) - Barbara Harrisson, John S. Guy, Oriental trade ceramics in South-east Asia, ninth to sixteenth century, Oxford University Press, Singapore, 1986. [Revised, updated version of an exhibition catalogue issued in Australia in 1980, in the enlarged format of the Oxford in Asia studies of ceramic series.] 161 pp. with figs. and maps, 197 catalogue ills., numerous thereof in colour, extensive bibliography, chronol. tables, glossary, index. - V.J.H. Houben, G.D. Larson, Prelude to revolution. Palaces and politics in Surakarta, 1912-1942. VKI 124, Dordrecht/Providence: Foris publications 1987. - Marijke J. Klokke, Stephanie Morgan, Aesthetic tradition and cultural transition in Java and Bali. University of Wisconsin, Center for Southeast Asian studies, Monograph 2, 1984., Laurie Jo Sears (eds.) - Liaw Yock Fang, Mohamad Jajuli, The undang-undang; A mid-eighteenth century law text, Center for South-East Asian studies, University of Kent at Canterbury, Occasional paper No. 6, 1986, VIII + 104 + 16 pp. - S.D.G. de Lima, A.B. Adam, The vernacular press and the emergence of modern Indonesian consciousness (1855-1913), unpublished Ph. D. thesis, School of Oriental and African studies, University of London, 1984, 366 pp. - J. Thomas Lindblad, K.M. Robinson, Stepchildren of progress; The political economy of development in an Indonesian mining town, Albany: State University of New York Press, 1986, xv + 315 pp. - Pauline Lunsingh Scheurleer, J.E. van Lohuizen-de Leeuw, Indo-Javanese Metalwork, Linden-Museum, Stuttgart, Staatliches Museum für Völkerkunde, 1984, 218 pp. - H.M.J. Maier, V. Matheson, Perceptions of the Haj; Five Malay texts, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian studies (Research notes and discussions paper no. 46), 1984; 63 pp., A.C. Milner (eds.) - Wolfgang Marschall, Sandra A. Niessen, Motifs of life in Toba Batak texts and textiles, Verhandelingen KITLV 110. Dordrecht/Cinnaminson: Foris publications, 1985. VIII + 249 pp., 60 ills. - Peter Meel, Ben Scholtens, Opkomende arbeidersbeweging in Suriname. Doedel, Liesdek, De Sanders, De kom en de werklozenonrust 1931-1933, Nijmegen: Transculturele Uitgeverij Masusa, 1986, 224 pp. - Anke Niehof, Patrick Guinness, Harmony and hierarchy in a Javanese kampung, Asian Studies Association of Australia, Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1986, 191 pp. - C.H.M. Nooy-Palm, Toby Alice Volkman, Feasts of honor; Ritual and change in the Toraja Highlands, Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, Illinois Studies in Anthropology no. 16, 1985, IX + 217 pp., 2 maps, black and white photographs. - Gert J. Oostindie, Jean Louis Poulalion, Le Surinam; Des origines à l’indépendance. La Chapelle Monligeon, s.n., 1986, 93 pp. - Harry A. Poeze, Bob Hering, The PKI’s aborted revolt: Some selected documents, Townsville: James Cook University of North Queensland. (Occasional Paper 17.) IV + 100 pp. - Harry A. Poeze, Biografisch woordenboek van het socialisme en de arbeidersbeweging in Nederland; Deel I, Amsterdam: Stichting tot Beheer van Materialen op het Gebied van de Sociale Geschiedenis IISG, 1986. XXIV + 184 pp. - S. Pompe, Philipus M. Hadjon, Perlindungan hukum bagi rakyat di Indonesia, Ph.D thesis Airlangga University, Surabaya: Airlangga University Press, 1985, xviii + 308 pp. - J.M.C. Pragt, Volker Moeller, Javanische bronzen, Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Museum für Indische Kunst, Berlin, 1985. Bilderheft 51. 62 pp., ill. - J.J. Ras, Friedrich Seltmann, Die Kalang. Eine Volksgruppe auf Java und ihre Stamm-Myth. Ein beitrag zur kulturgeschichte Javas, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden GmbH, 1987, 430 pp. - R. Roolvink, Russell Jones, Hikayat Sultan Ibrahim ibn Adham, Berkeley: Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies, University of California, Monograph Series no. 57, 1985. ix, 332 pp. - R. Roolvink, Russell Jones, Hikayat Sultan Ibrahim, Dordrecht/Cinnaminson: Foris, KITLV, Bibliotheca Indonesica vol. 24, 1983. 75 pp. - Wim Rutgers, Harry Theirlynck, Van Maria tot Rosy: Over Antilliaanse literatuur, Antillen Working Papers 11, Caraïbische Afdeling, Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Leiden, 1986, 107 pp. - C. Salmon, John R. Clammer, ‘Studies in Chinese folk religion in Singapore and Malaysia’, Contributions to Southeast Asian Ethnography no. 2, Singapore, August 1983, 178 pp. - C. Salmon, Ingo Wandelt, Wihara Kencana - Zur chinesischen Heilkunde in Jakarta, unter Mitarbeit bei der Feldforschung und Texttranskription von Hwie-Ing Harsono [The Wihara Kencana and Chinese Therapeutics in Jakarta, with the cooperation of Hwie-Ing Harsono for the fieldwork and text transcriptions], Kölner ethopgraphische Studien Bd. 10, Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 1985, 155 pp., 1 plate. - Mathieu Schoffeleers, 100 jaar fraters op de Nederlandse Antillen, Zutphen: De Walburg Pers, 1986, 191 pp. - Mathieu Schoffeleers, Jules de Palm, Kinderen van de fraters, Amsterdam: De Bezige Bij, 1986, 199 pp. - Henk Schulte Nordholt, H. von Saher, Emanuel Rodenburg, of wat er op het eiland Bali geschiedde toen de eerste Nederlanders daar in 1597 voet aan wal zetten. De Walburg Pers, Zutphen, 1986, 104 pp., 13 ills. and map. - G.J. Schutte, W.Ph. Coolhaas, Generale missiven van Gouverneurs-Generaal en Raden aan Heren XVII der Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, VIII: 1725-1729, Rijks Geschiedkundige Publicatiën, Grote Serie 193, ‘s-Gravenhage, 1985, 275 pp. - H. Steinhauer, Jeff Siegel, Language contact in a plantation environment. A sociolinguistic history of Fiji, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987, xiv + 305 pp. [Studies in the social and cultural foundations of language 5.] - H. Steinhauer, L.E. Visser, Sahu-Indonesian-English Dictionary and Sahu grammar sketch, Verhandelingen van het KITLV 126, Dordrecht: Foris Publications, 1987, xiv + 258 pp., C.L. Voorhoeve (eds.) - Taufik Abdullah, H.A.J. Klooster, Indonesiërs schrijven hun geschiedenis: De ontwikkeling van de Indonesische geschiedbeoefening in theorie en praktijk, 1900-1980, Verhandelingen KITLV 113, Dordrecht/Cinnaminson: Foris Publications, 1985, Bibl., Index, 264 pp. - Maarten van der Wee, Jan Breman, Control of land and labour in colonial Java: A case study of agrarian crisis and reform in the region of Ceribon during the first decades of the 20th century, Verhandelingen of the Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology, Leiden, No. 101, Dordrecht: Foris Publications, 1983. xi + 159 pp.

Type series for 35 type species of Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) are studied and taxonomic changes are proposed. The following 35 lectotypes are designated: Agaocnemis pruina Moser, 1918; Amphicrania ursina Burmeister, 1855; Anomalochilus singularis Blanchard, 1850; Anomalonyx uruguayensis Moser, 1921; Aulanota sulcipennis Moser, 1924; Barybas nanus Blanchard, 1850; Barybas volvulus Burmeister, 1855; Calodactylus tibialis Blanchard, 1850; Ceraspis pruinosa LePeletier de Saint-Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1828; Ceratolontha venezuelae Arrow, 1948; Chariodactylus chacoensis Moser, 1919; Clavipalpus dejeani Laporte, 1832; Corminus canescens Burmeister, 1855; Ctenotis obesa Burmeister, 1855; Ctilocephala pellucens Burmeister, 1855; Demodema fallax Blanchard, 1850; Euryaspis gaudichaudii Blanchard, 1851; Faula cornuta Blanchard, 1850; Gama grandicornis Blanchard, 1850; Gastrohoplus mirabilis Moser, 1921; Mallotarsus spadiceus Blanchard, 1850; Manodactylus gaujoni Moser, 1919; Manopus biguttatus Conte de Castelnau, 1840; Melolontha rufipennis Fabricius, 1801; Oedichira pachydactyla Burmeister, 1855; Pachycerus castaneipennis Guérin-Méneville, 1831; Pachylotoma viridis Blanchard, 1850; Pectinosoma elongata Arrow, 1913; Philochlaenia virescens Blanchard, 1842; Plectris tomentosa LePeletier de Saint-Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1828; Pseudohercitis viridiaenea Moser, 1921; Rhinaspoides aeneofusca Moser, 1919; Schizochelus flavescens Blanchard, 1850; Serica marmorea Guérin-Méneville, 1831; and Ulomenes hypocrita Blanchard, 1850. The following six genera are revalidated: Byrasba Harold, 1869 (formerly a synonym of Rhinaspis Perty, 1833); Euryaspis Blanchard, 1851 (formerly a synonym of Plectris LePeletier de Saint-Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1828); Junkia Dalla Torre, 1913 (formerly a synonym of Plectris); Faula Blanchard, 1850 (formerly a synonym of Ceraspis LePeletier de Saint-Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1828); Paulosawaya Martínez & d’Andretta, 1956 (formerly a synonym of Clavipalpus Laporte, 1832); and Pseudoserica Guérin-Méneville, 1838 (formerly a synonym of Plectris). The following 11 new generic synonymies are proposed: Anomalochilus Blanchard, 1850 a new synonym of Plectris; Amphicrania Burmeister, 1855 (formerly a synonym of Clavipalpus and a homonym of Amphicrania Dejean, 1833) and Pseudoleuretra Martínez & d’Andretta, 1956 are synonymized with Paulosawaya; Aulanota Moser, 1924 and Hadrocerus Guérin-Méneville, 1838 are synonymized with Philochloenia; Ctenotis Burmeister, 1855 a new synonym of Euryaspis Blanchard, 1851; Gama Blanchard, 1850, Pachylotoma Blanchard, 1850 (formerly a synonym of Gama) and Harpodactyla Burmeister, 1855 (formerly a synonym of Gama) are synonymized with Pseudoserica; Gastrohoplus Moser, 1921 a new synonym of Schizochelus Blanchard, 1850; and Hercitis Burmeister, 1855 a new synonym of Barybas Blanchard, 1850. One new specific synonymy is proposed: Hercitis pygmaea Burmeister, 1855 a synonym of Barybas nana Blanchard, 1850. Philochloenia armata nom. nov. is proposed for Aulanota sulcipennis Moser, 1924 to avoid secondary homonymy. Ancistrosoma Curtis, 1835, nomen protectum, has priority over Sciuropus Dejean, 1833, nomen oblitum. Taxonomic remarks, diagnoses and a key are given to all Macrodactylini genera.

Using the bathymetry information available from historical maps, the underwater slope of the Baltic Sea in the Lithuanian area of the shore is analysed south and north of the Klaipėda harbour. For this purpose, the old depth measurements have been converted into the metric system and cross profiles of the nearshore drawn, as well as, on this basis, the diagrams for the 3, 5, 7 and 10 m depth points have been constructed. The depth data from the maps compiled in 1743, 1855, 1875 and 1913 have been analysed. These periods correspond to specific conditions of the shore zone morpho- and litho-dynamics. In 1743 there was no beach protecting the dune ridge on the Curonian Spit, and sand was driven by wind from the shore zone to the large dunes. There were no hydro-engineering structures in the Klaipėda harbour; therefore nothing impeded sand migration along the shore. In 1855 the shores of the Klaipėda channel were fixed, but there were no harbour piers yet. In 1875, the piers were freshly built and a beachprotecting dune ridge partly formed. In 1913, this dune ridge was already finished and the Klaipėda port was fully functioning with 5–6 m depths at the port gates. Conclusions are made about the former bottom relief during different stages of the nearshore evolution and about the conditions which caused its changes.

O trabalho visa estudar os Kaingang como sujeitos históricos em relação à missão jesuítica, capuchinha e luterana, as quais, representando mecanismos da Frente de Expansão, penetraram sobre o mundo nativo. Neste sentido, temos entre 1845/1852, as tentativas de Missão Jesuítica com os Kaingang no Rio Grande do Sul. Logo a seguir, as Missões Capuchinhas atuaram, por volta de 1855/1895, com os Kaingang no Paraná, no período de 1888/1889 e 1902/1907, com os de São Paulo e, no decênio de 1903 a 1913, com os do Rio Grande do Sul. Entre 1900/1904, a Missão Luterana atuou com os Kaingang em territórios rio-grandenses. Em relação a estas missões, constatamos que os Kaingang, orquestrando os eventos pelos seus próprios parâmetros culturais, em algumas situações, aceitaram as negociações propostas pelos religiosos enquanto em outras, recorreram à guerra.

The German ethnologist Theodor Koch-Grünberg (1872-1924) became one of the world’s leading Americanists of his era after having successfully concluded two expeditions to Amazonia. Between 1903 and 1905 he studied indigenous peoples inhabiting the regions of the rivers Rio Negro, Vaupés, and Japurá in northwestern Brazil; between 1911 and 1913 he traveled through northern Brazil and Venezuela investigating local Amerindian communities. He contacted dozens of indigenous peoples, studied their mythology, material culture, and languages. Koch-Grünberg maintained a scientific correspondence with some of the best-informed anthropologists of his time, including Adolf Bastian, Franz Boas, Arnold van Gennep and Paul Rivet. He also exchanged letters with Brazilian colleagues such as João Capistrano de Abreu (1853-1927), Teodoro Sampaio (1855-1937), and Affonso d’Escragnolle Taunay (1876-1958). Through an analysis of primary sources – the correspondence held at the Theodor Koch-Grünberg Archive of the Philipps-Universität Marburg in Germany – this article aims at contributing both to the history of Brazilian social thought and the history of German ethnology by contextualizing these relations within the broader context of social exchanges. Therefore, the history of anthropology should be written in the same way as Koch-Grünberg imagined ethnology: as an international science, based on humanistic principles and grounded on social relations.