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Biobaku, Saburi O. "The Egba and their neighbours : 1842-1872 /." Ibadan : University press, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35713858q.
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Hanstad, Marius. "En kommun i förändring : Studie om kommunalreformen 1862 inflytande Gunnarskogs socken och kommuns självstyre 1852 - 1872." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72301.
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Syftet med denna mikrohistoriska studie var att undersöka långsiktiga och omedelbara förändringsprocesser i Gunnarskogs sockens självstyre i samband med kommunalreformen 1862. Studien antar en kvantitativ analys av sockenstämmoprotokollen för att skapa en översiktlig bild av källmaterialet för att sedan göra en tolkning av beräkningarna samt en mer ingående kvalitativ tolkning av källmaterialet där beräkningarna kan ge indikationer på saker som rör frågeställningen. Studiens frågeställning består av följande frågor: Vilka omedelbara konsekvenser fick kommunalreformen 1862 för socknens självstyre i Gunnarskog? Vilka långsiktiga konsekvenser fick kommunalreformen 1862 för socknens självstyre i Gunnarskog? Skiljer sig dessa förändringar från andra socknar i Sverige under samma period? Studiens resultat ger svar på frågorna som ställs och både långsiktiga och omedelbara konsekvenser syns tydligt i den kvantitativa underökningen. När det gäller kommunalreformens omedelbara konsekvenser visar resultatet att över hälften av sockenmännen innan reformen byttes ut i samband med reformen, antal stämmor per år sjönk drastiskt och en stabilare sockenstämma där samma personer i högre grad än tidigare var närvarande på flera stämmor. De långsiktiga konsekvenserna blir mycket tydliga när man jämför 1852 och 1872. En ökande trend av reglering, rutinisering och formalisering syns genom färre stämmor, färre ärenden per stämma och flera valrelaterade stämmor. Det nya ombudsmannasamhället präglar Gunnarskog, där val till ombudsmän och representanter får större utrymme på stämmorna. Förändringsprocessera som påvisas för Gunnarskog följer en trend som liknar andra socknar i Sverige under samma period. Det som dock skiljer sig är de omedelbara konsekvenserna reformen fick för Gunnarskog. Medan de styrande personerna i andra socknar tenderade till att fortsätta styra på samma sätt före och efter reformen, så byttes över hälften av sockenmännen ut från året före reformen till året efter.
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Gouvet, Philippe. "L'Amérique contre la nature, 1812-1872 : "the master's hand in nature"." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU1007.
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Au XIXe siècle, l'idéologie américaine s'appuyait sur une relation privilégiée de la nation à une nature divine et sublime, source d'innocence et de vertu. Les représentations révèlent, au contraire, une hostilité nationale envers la nature, occultée par l'idéologie. Elle entraîna la destruction de l'environnement naturel. La rupture avec l'Ancien Monde avait rendu nécessaire l'élaboration d'une nouvelle identité nationale. Les Américains furent alors confrontés à une nature sauvage qui n'offrait pas d'ancrage à cette quête identitaire. Le chaos de la nature fut la cause d'une lutte acharnée contre la " sauvagerie ". Cette étude révèle les paradoxes d'un décalage entre discours idéologique et pratiques hostiles liées à la désorientation d'une nation perdue dans la nature et éclaire les mécanismes idéologiques qui furent à l'œuvre dans la création du parc national de Yellowstone, véritable " mise en figure " de lambeaux de nature que l'on incarcérait pour des raisons nationalistes<br>American expansionism drove them across America where they settled a pristine nature. The ideology of a privileged relationship between the nation and divine nature gave them innocence and virtue. The New World's sublime nature was thought to bear witness to God's presence and the protection granted to " Nature's Nation ". But representations reveal a hidden national hostility to nature. It caused widespread natural destruction. The split with the Old World made it necessary to construct a new national identity. American settlers had to face a wilderness that offered no clue in that search. The struggle against savagery was grounded in a vision of chaotic wilderness. This study overturns the classic vision of a privileged national relationship to nature and shows the discrepancy between ideological discourse, the hostile confrontational attitudes of a nation lost in a wilderness, and the underpinnings of the creation of Yellowstone NP, locking up bits of nature for nationalistic purposes
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Pahkamaa, Tobias. "Svagår i Piteå landsförsamling1862-1872." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-317754.
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I denna uppsats undersöks den demografiska utvecklingen i Piteå landsförsamling under åren 1862-1872. Detta för att få en kunskap om hur den ekonomiska krisen 1867-1868 påverkade folkmängd, födelsetal, dödstal och giftermålsfrekvens. Vidare undersöks hur olika socialgrupper påverkades med avseende på mortalitet och giftermålsfrekvens. Resultatet av undersökningen är att ekonomiska faktorer påverkar demografiska faktorer och att lägre socialgrupper tvingas anpassa sig i högre utsträckning.
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Frischbier, Wolfgang. "Heinrich Abeken 1809 - 1872 ; eine Biographie." Paderborn München Wien Zürich Schöningh, 2008. http://d-nb.info/986702617/04.
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Thynne, Rosemary Annette. "The Girls High Schools 1872-1914." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.483643.
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This study focuses on the emergence of the High Schools, initiating a new type of education for middle class girls. It traces their development to 1914. The study is based largely on the extant archives of the schools themselves and the two major organisations that nurtured them - the Girls Public Day School Trust and the Church Schools Company - and on diverse published primary sources and printed ephemera. By mid-century many had become convinced of the need for an intellectual education for middle class girls. However the establishment of the High Schools involved an adaptation of contemporary middle and upper class conventions and threatened established gender and class concepts, with the result that many middle class families strongly opposed the schools. The High Schools aimed to provide a curriculum that as far as possible matched that provided for middle class boys. The liberal curriculum and team games for girls produced outrage, challenging as they did, male superiority and accepted ideas of the place of middle class women. The schools recognised however that there were boundaries that the male elite would not allow to be crossed and the thesis considers the balance as well as the breaches involved. The high schools created an educated, easily identifiable, group of women with a definite place on the national stage. While the majority returned home to become educated wives and mothers, the schools developed also a group of women teachers, with trained professional status, whose ideas were to shape the grammar schools of the twentieth century. Finally, the stress on academic excellence ensured a flow of women to the university colleges, and thence to the professions where the battle for parity of opportunity would be continued.
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Jacobsthal, Gustav. "Die Musiktheorie Hermanns von Reichenau (1872)." Peter Sühring, 2021. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A73871.
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Oliveira, Francisca Andréa da Silva. "Filogenia de Didemnidae Giard, 1872 (Tunicata:Ascidiacea)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/17915.
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OLIVEIRA, F. A. da S. Filogenia de Didemnidae Giard, 1872 (Tunicata:Ascidiacea). 2015. 117 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Marinhas Tropicais) - Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2015.<br>Submitted by Geovane Uchoa (geovane@ufc.br) on 2016-06-24T14:02:42Z
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Previous issue date: 2015<br>Didemnidae is the largest family of tunicates with 578 species described. This family
comprises eight genera: Atriolum, Clitella, Didemnum, Diplosoma, Leptoclinides,
Lissoclinum, Polysyncraton and Trididemnum. Morphologically, the genera can be
distinguished mainly by the presence or absence of atrial siphon, the number of
stigmata rows, the form of the vas deferens, the number of testicular lobes, and the
presence or absence of spicules. Previous studies have suggested the monophyly of
Didemnidae, but the monophyly of each genus and phylogenetic relationships among
them is controversial and poorly resolved. Thus, the main goal of this study was to
formulate a hypothesis about the evolution of Didemnidae. This study used molecular
data (mitochondrial gene COI and 18S rDNA nuclear gene) to assess the monophyly
of Didemnidae and determine the phylogenetic relationships among its genera. The
evolution of morphological characters was evaluated in light of these data. The
results of maximum likelihood analysis (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) indicated
the monophyly of five of the six analyzed genera. Based primarily on the 18S gene,
concatenated data (COI and 18S), and the morphological evidence, we discussed the
close relationships between Didemnum and Polysyncraton, and between Diplosoma
and Lissoclinum. The molecular tree showed two clades within Didemnum. The
phylogenetic relationships among species of Didemnum were investigated by
morphological and molecular data. The relationships among Didemnum species could
not be established through morphological data due to lack of support for the
cladogram obtained. However, morphological analysis indicated the informative
characters that support the two clades within Didemnum. These clades were
distinguished by the presence of an atrial lip and number of ampullae in the larvae.
This morphological divergence and the phylogenetic analysis with COI gene support
the division of the genus Didemnum into two groups. Based on these evidences, this
study proposes a new genus of Didemnidae.<br>A família Didemnidae é a mais diversa dentre os tunicados, com 578 espécies
descritas. Esta família compreende oito gêneros: Atriolum, Clitella, Didemnum,
Diplosoma, Leptoclinides, Lissoclinum, Polysyncraton e Trididemnum.
Morfologicamente, os gêneros são distinguidos pela presença ou ausência de sifão
atrial, número de fileiras de fendas, forma do espermiduto, número de folículos
testiculares e presença ou ausência de espículas. Estudos anteriores sugerem a
monofilia de Didemnidae, mas a monofilia de cada gênero e as relações filogenéticas
entre eles é controversa e pouco resolvida. Dessa forma, o objetivo principal do
estudo é formular uma hipótese sobre a evolução de Didemnidae. A monofilia de
Didemnidae e as relações filogenéticas entre os seus gêneros foram estudadas com o
uso de dados moleculares, por meio de sequências dos genes mitocondrial COI e
nuclear 18S rDNA. A evolução dos caracteres morfológicos foi examinada à luz
desses dados. Os resultados das análises de máxima verossimilhança (ML) e
inferência Bayesiana (BI) evidenciaram a monofilia de cinco dos seis gêneros
analisados. Com base principalmente nos resultados do gene 18S, dados concatenados
(COI+18S) e evidências morfológicas, discutimos as relações filogenéticas entre
Didemnum e Polysyncraton e entre Diplosoma e Lissoclinum. A hipótese baseada em
dados moleculares mostrou dois clados dentro de Didemnum. A relação filogenética
entre as espécies de Didemnum foram investigadas por meio de dados morfológicos e
moleculares. As relações entre as espécies de Didemnum não puderam ser
estabelecidas por meio dos dados morfológicos devido à ausência de suporte para o
cladograma obtido. Entretanto, a análise morfológica indicou os caracteres
informativos que suportam os clados formados. Os dois clados dentro de Didemnum
foram distinguidos pela presença de lingueta atrial e larva com múltiplos pares de
ampolas. Essa divergência morfológica e o resultado da análise filogenética com o
gene COI suportou a divisão de Didemnum em dois grupos de espécies. Baseando-se
nessas evidências, este presente estudo propõe a criação de um novo gênero de
Didemnidae.
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Wi, Hyojeong. "Réinventer le je : Rimbaud en 1872." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA100139.
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Consacrée à l’année 1872, notre étude demande par quel processus Rimbaud réconcilie la subjectivité du je avec son projet de la « poésie objective ». Dans ce but, notre corpus est composé de préférence de poèmes relativement peu étudiés, dont chacun est analysé sous divers angles : lexical et syntaxique, métrique et imaginaire, intertextuel et historique. Dans la première partie, nous lisons La Rivière de Cassis, Jeune ménage, Bonne pensée du matin qui ont en commun l’absence du je au premier plan, ainsi que la tendance à une obscurité et à une ironie. Cela nous conduit à réfléchir sur la continuité et la discontinuité entre 1871 et 1872 au regard de la manière dont Rimbaud problématise l’écriture littéraire. Dans la deuxième partie, nous assistons à une réapparition du je. Si cette voix ne se réfère pas à une expérience vécue du poète, certains aspects socio-historiques nous empêchent de la ramener à une fonction purement grammaticale. Ainsi « Qu’est-ce pour nous, Mon Cœur… » surexploite les dispositifs de l’éloquence et questionne le pouvoir de la parole pour une quelconque action collective, alors que dans Michel et Christine, le rêve d’un bouleversement se heurte aux limites imposées par une langue historiquement déterminée. Dans la dernière partie, nous rencontrons un je plus individualisé. Les Déserts de l’Amour présente une nouvelle forme de l’expression personnelle. Ensuite, dans Mémoire, la mémoire familiale se confond avec la mémoire langagière. Fêtes de la faim, enfin, met en scène une réflexion sur la matérialité, qui est à la fois celle, sonore, de la langue et celle, corporelle, de l’être humain. Au terme de cette étude, le je rimbaldien de 1872 apparaît comme un terrain d’enquête insondable, où se mêle inextricablement l’intime et le social<br>By focusing on the year 1872, our study asks by what process Rimbaud reconciles the subjectivity of the I with his project of “objective poetry”. To this end, our corpus is preferably composed of relatively little-studied poems, each of which is analyzed from various perspectives: lexicon, syntax, meter and rhythme, intertextuality and historicity, organization of imaginary.In the first part, we read La Rivière de Cassis, Jeune ménage, Young Menage, Bonne pensée du matin : these three poems have in common the absence of the I in the foreground, as well as the tendency towards obscurity and irony. This leads us to reflect on the continuity and discontinuity between 1871 and 1872 concerning the way in which Rimbaud problematizes poetic writing.In the second part, we observe a reappearance of the I. If this voice does not refer to a lived experience of the poet, certain socio-historical aspects prevent us from reducing it to a purely grammatical function. Thus “Qu’est-ce pour nous, Mon Cœur…” overexploits the devices of eloquence and questions the power of speech for any collective action, while in Michel et Christine, the dream of a revolution comes up against the limits imposed by a historically determined language.The last part is interested in a more individualized I. Les Déserts de l’Amour presents a new form of personal expression. Then, in Mémoire, family memory merges with language memory. Fêtes de la faim, finally, reflects a materiality, which is both the sonic one of language and the corporeal one of the human being.At the end of this study, the I of the writing of Rimbaud in 1872 appears as an infinite field of investigation, which reveals the intricateness of the intimate suject and the socio-historique issue
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Volpato, Paulo Roberto. "Nietzsche : contribuições para os conceitos de cultura e educação nos escritos (jovens) de 1872-1874." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/253531.
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Previous issue date: 1999<br>Resumo: Este é um trabalho, fruto de uma solitária e temerária caminhada, que procura traçar um correlato das contribuições das reflexões de Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900), acerca dos problemas educacionais de sua época, em
seus escritos "jovens", de 1872 a 1874, na Alemanha da metade do século XIX, com os atuais problemas educacionais da realidade brasileira. Procurei também traçar um panorama histórico, contextualizando o pensamento de Nietzsche; uma breve biografia do meu querido filósofo e alguns importantes
comentários de seu pensamento. Advirto, desde o início, que trata-se de um trabalho apaixonado e procuro
contribuir com os leitores, de um modo geral com os leigos, para que não percam seu tempo lendo meu trabalho por inteiro, caso não concordem com as mencionadas advertências iniciais. Enfim, trata-se de um trabalho que procura contribuir para o engrandecimento da educação brasileira e, ao mesmo tempo, suscitar uma reflexão filosófica aprofundada sobre esse mesmo assunto, qual seja: a educação.
Bem vindos!<br>Abstract: This scholl work describes the young writting of Nietzsche in the period of 1872-1874. It is a phylosophical reflection about education and a introduction to
the Nietzsche's thought.
If you are interested by Nietzsche's thought or you would like to know it better, continue reading the whole work. If are not, stop here just now! ime to reflection...)
Welcome!<br>Mestrado<br>Educação, Conhecimento, Linguagem e Arte<br>Mestre em Educação
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Watt-Smith, Tiffany. "Flinching self-experimentation and theatricality 1872-1918." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538674.
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Siclovan, Diana. "Lorenz Stein and German socialism, 1835-1872." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283220.
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This thesis traces the intellectual trajectory of Lorenz Stein (1815-1890), a German legal scholar and political thinker who, despite being a significant theorist during his lifetime, is an obscure figure today, especially in Anglophone scholarship. It focuses on Stein's writings on socialism and argues that they provide crucial insights into the changing nature of socialist thought in the mid-nineteenth century. It contributes to the project of departing from a Marxist interpretation of the history of socialism that has long been predominant, and uses Stein's intellectual biography to illustrate how contingent political, cultural and personal factors have shaped both the creation and reception of socialist ideas.
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Claro-Gomes, José Manuel. "Georges Urbain (1872-1938) : chimie et philosophie." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100165.
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Cette thèse est un essai biographique sur Georges Urbain (1872-1938), chimiste inorganicien français, qui tente d'éclairer la question du " déclin " de la chimie française. Il a conquis une réputation en France et à l'étranger, grâce à son travail sur les éléments de la famille des terres rares (lanthanides) et à la découverte du lutétium. Expérimentateur très habile, ses travaux sont interrompus par la Première guerre mondiale. Il participe à la synthèse des gaz de guerre et à la conception d'un obus. Il développe un projet d'unification : de la chimie organique et minérale par la théorie de coordination de Werner ; et de la chimie et de la physique par sa théorie de l'homéomérie. Ce projet qui le conduit à refuser les théories électroniques de la valence au profit de vues personnelles sur la chimie, fortement imprégnées de philosophie positiviste, l'isole de la communauté internationale des chimistes. Néanmoins il a créé une tradition française de recherches, l'école des terres rares<br>This thesis aims to be a scientific biography of the French inorganic chemist Georges Urbain (1872-1938). He isolated and characterized rare earth elements' and discovered a new one: lutetium. His excellent works allowed him to become one of the most renowned chemists in France and abroad, but because of the First World War he had to interrupt his researches. He was then recruited by the Army in order to synthesize war gazes. Later, he developed a personnel project which aimed to unify organic and inorganic chemistry using coordination chemistry theory developed by Werner for coordination compounds. Subsequently he tried to unite physics and chemistry by means of his theory of homeomery. Influenced by Comte's thoughts, Urbain will never accept atomic theory noir electronic theory of valence for covalent bonds. Being an energeticist follower it seems that he would have contributed to the decline of French chemistry at the beginning of the XXth century
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Oertel, Marcus Pottner Emil. "Emil Pottner : (1872 - 1942); Maler, Graphiker, Keramiker /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz278013724inh.htm.
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Bergmann-Thränhardt, Heidi. "Dimitrija Demeter (1811-1872) : Leben und Werk /." München : O. Sagner, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36210451r.
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Le, Grand Vincent. "Léon Blum, 1872-1950 : gouverner la République /." Paris : LGDJ, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411938446.
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Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Droit public--Caen, 2004.<br>En appendice, inventaire des interventions de Léon Blum au Conseil d'État, au Parlement et au "Populaire" Bibliogr. p. 539-592. Index.
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Cervoni, Aurelia. "Théophile Gautier devant la critique, 1830-1872." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040009.
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L’image de Gautier dans la mémoire collective se réduit souvent à quelques clichés : le gilet rouge de la bataille d’Hernani ; la verve pamphlétaire de la préface de Mademoiselle de Maupin ; « l’art pour l’art » ; l’esthétique « impassible » d’Émaux et camées, qui annonce Le Parnasse contemporain ; la dédicace des Fleurs du mal au « parfait magicien ès lettres françaises ». Se fondant sur un corpus de près de 500 articles, cette thèse se propose d’éclairer l’origine de ces clichés par une étude des controverses suscitées par l’œuvre de Gautier, de 1830, date de publication de ses premières Poésies, à sa mort, en 1872. De 1830 à 1872, Gautier est la cible de la critique conservatrice, qui voit dans son esthétique le signe d’une déperdition des valeurs morales et religieuses et agite le spectre de la décadence littéraire. Rejoignant les conservateurs, les critiques républicains considèrent « l’art pour l’art » comme le produit de la société bourgeoise et mercantile du XIXe siècle. L’auteur a également des détracteurs au sein même du camp romantique. Hormis lors de la publication du Voyage en Espagne, en 1843, son style pittoresque et son indifférence politique sont associés au badinage, à la provocation et à l’antihumanisme. Son succès auprès des « fantaisistes », à partir de 1850, puis des parnassiens, au cours de la décennie suivante, dégrade encore son image : à l’exception de quelques grands critiques, comme Baudelaire, on lui reproche de réduire l’art littéraire à une jonglerie. Dans les années 1860, l’esthétique de Gautier est un repoussoir pour les réalistes et pour les naturalistes<br>The image of Gautier is often reduced to a few clichés : The red vest of the battle of Hernani ; the lampoonist eloquence of the Preface to Mademoiselle de Maupin ; "art for art's sake" ; the "impassive" aesthetics of Enamels and Cameos , which is a precursor of the Parnassus Contemporary; the dedication of the Flowers of Evil to the "perfect magician of French letters". With almost 500 articles, this work shall attempt to clarify these clichés and see how they came about by studying the controversies which Gautier's works brought about, when his first Poems were published, until his death in 1872From 1830 to 1872, Gautier has been the target of conservative Literary Critism, which considered his work as a sign of the loss of moral and religious values, stimulating the image of Literary Decadence. Taking the side of the Conservatives, the Republican critics consider “art for art’s sake” as the product of the 19th century middle-class and mercantile society. The author also has detractors within the Romantic side itself. Except during the publication of Voyage en Espagne in 1843, Gautier’s picturesque style and his indifference in regards to politics are linked to his bantering, his provocation, as well as his antihumanism. His success among the “eccentrics” from 1850 on and the Parnassiens during the following decade continues to deteriorate his image : except for some great critics, like Baudelaire, he is criticized for reducing the literary art to the level of jugglery. In the 1860’s, the aesthetics of Gautier is repulsive to the Realists and the Naturalists
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Cunningham, Caitlin Ann. ""Unfit for publication" : rape, assault, and assault with intent in colonial Aotearoa New Zealand, 1842-1872." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50263.
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In Aotearoa New Zealand between 1842 and 1872 British colonial judges, juries, and reporters expressed their particular understandings of what constituted “rape” in the contexts of Supreme Court trials. Both white and Maori women encountered scepticism in court and a share of the responsibility for provoking the crimes carried out against them, although Maori women faced particular vilification. While judges frequently declared their strong aversion to the crime of sexual assault, they rarely backed their rhetoric up with strict sentencing practices, even when the male perpetrators were Maori. As a result, an important distinction arose between hypothetical scenarios of rape, characterized by judges and the press as egregious, and real life cases, which rarely met the high standards of rape according to definitions recorded in the press. Through the primary use of newspaper reports on Supreme Court trials contained in the Papers Past database, this thesis explores the contours of these hegemonic definitions of sexual violence in a formative moment of British colonization efforts in New Zealand. It traces the struggle between British masculinity and Maori resistance efforts, and how this struggle played out in heterosexual rape trials tried according to British colonial law. While Maori tribes successfully resisted the British colonial take-over of both their cultural autonomy and land, the British responded by softening the boundaries of race and strengthening the bond of masculine power. In this moment, rape became a symbol of both social chaos through a failure of controlled Victorian masculinity, and representative of men’s nearly limitless access to women’s bodies.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>History, Department of<br>Graduate
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SANTOS, Alan Christian de Souza. "O que revelar? o que esconder? imprensa & maçonaria no findar do dezenove (Pará, 1872-1892)." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/4555.
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Previous issue date: 2011<br>CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>A atuação maçônica na imprensa paraense do século XIX (1872-1892) é entendida nesta dissertação a partir do contraponto entre o revelar e o esconder. Destacam-se, sobretudo, dois momentos distintos dessa mesma operação. No primeiro, a maçonaria abandona em parte sua postura reservada e decide criar um jornal oficial (O Pelicano) para fazer frente aos ditames ultramontanos (A Boa Nova). E, no segundo, ela retorna a sua condição inicial suspendendo a circulação da publicação, mas sem necessariamente retirar-se do meio jornalístico. De maneira que segredo e publicidade se intercalavam nas “vozes” dos representantes da instituição. A pesquisa permitiu a identificação nominal de um conjunto amplo de maçons e deu conta de demonstrar algumas das tensões e conflitos que ora os aproximava como “irmãos” e ora os colocava definitivamente em lados opostos na imprensa, nas lojas, na vida. Levando em consideração as mudanças de ordem social (Abolição) e política (República) que aconteceram ao longo da temporalidade abordada, este trabalho discute ainda o modo pelo qual os discursos, práticas e representações dos maçons paraenses se articulavam com as transformações que a um só tempo atingiram a província do Pará e a sociedade imperial.<br>The performance masonic in the press of Para in the nineteenth century is seen in this dissertation from the counterpoint between the reveal and hide. Stand out, above all, two distinct moments of the same transaction. At first, the masonry abandons his reserved attitude and decides to create an official newspaper (O Pelicano) for to do a front in the dictates ultramontanos (A Boa Nova). And, in the second, it returns to your initial condition to suspend the circulation of publication, but without necessarily go out from the journalistic media. So that secret and publicity were intermingled in the "voices" of the institution representatives. The research allowed the nominal identification of a extensive group of masons and brought off to demonstrate a few tensions and conflicts that sometimes closed up them like a "brothers" and sometimes definitely put them on opposite sides of the press, in stores, on life. Taking into account the social changes (Abolition) and political (Republic) that occurred along the temporality accosted, this study also discusses the way in which the discourses, practices and representations of Pará masons were articulated with the transformations that simultaneously to get at the province of Para and imperial society.
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Maillard, Christophe. "Pierre Biétry (1872-1918) : du socialisme au nationalisme, ou l'aventure du leader des Jaunes à la Belle Epoque." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100020.
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Pierre Biétry (1872-1918) est un personnage oublié de la vie politique et syndicale de la Belle Epoque. Originaire de l'Est de la France, ce simple ouvrier horloger devient un ardent polémiste républicain radical avant de rejoindre le monde socialiste et syndical. Figure de proue des grandes grèves de la région de Belfort-Montbéliard en 1899, il rejoint quelques années plus tard le mouvement syndical jaune (1901) après son exclusion des rangs socialistes. C'est le début d'un parcours qui le mène sur les bancs de la Chambre des Députés (1906-1910) et fait de lui un infatigable promoteur du propriétisme et de la cogestion entre les patrons et les ouvriers. Défenseur d'une nouvelle théorie sociale et politique incarnée dans les idéaux jaunes, Pierre Biétry combat ardemment le socialisme, et devient vite la bête noire du monde ouvrier ; il manie aussi bien l'antisémitisme que le nationalisme réformer la société française. Finalement, il échoue et meurt en Indochine en 1918<br>Pierre Biétry (1872-1918) is a forgotten figure of political and trade union activity during the Belle Époque. Originating from the east of France, this simple worker in the watch industry became a radical republican debater before joining the socialist and trade union movements. A leading figure in the major strikes of the Belfort-Montbéliard region in 1899, a few years later he joined the jaune trade union movement (1901), having been excluded from the socialist ranks. It was the beginning of a career that would lead him to the benches of the Chamber of Deputies (19061910) and would make him a tireless defender of propriétisme and of cooperation between management and workers. Defender of a new social and political theory embodied in jaunes ideals, Pierre Biétry fought socialism virulently and soon became the bête noire of the working classes, employing nationalism as well as antiSemitism to reform French society. Eventually he failed and died in Indo-China in 1918
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Walton, Marion Nicole. "Empire, nation, gender and romance : the novels of Cynthia Stockley (1872-1936) and Gertrude Page (1873-1922)." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9568.
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Bibliography: leaves 311-345.<br>As the first detailed study of the Southern Rhodesian romantic. novels of Cynthia Stockley (Lilian Julia Webb) and Gertrude Page (Gertrude Dobbin), this dissertation presents biographical information about the two writers as well as an analysis of the historical reception and discursive context of the novels - focusing primarily on the novels as rewritings of the gendered discourses of the British "New Imperialism" and of a nascent Rhodesian nationalism. Their novels reveal ambivalences about and conflicts between feminism and maternalism, heroic and bourgeois versions of the romance genre, and bourgeois imperialism and the representation of feminine sexuality.
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Moraes, Ruth Burlamáqui de. "Transformaçoes demográficas numa economia extrativista - Pará (1872-1920)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/24641.
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Rees-Jones, Anna Margaret, and margaretrj@optusnet com au. "The pioneering press of Poverty Bay : 1872-1914." RMIT University. Applied Communication, 2004. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20091215.165142.
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This thesis explores the significance of the newspaper press in a settler society, in this case Poverty Bay on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. It examines the circumstances of such a society's communications needs and problems, and its demographic structure. It also looks at the changing patterns of journalism in nineteenth century New Zealand and elsewhere and, importantly, printing's technological progress as it affected a provincial newspaper. Remoteness was a dominating feature of the Poverty Bay district and European settlement was slow to develop. The consequence was twofold: institutions, such as the church, the press and the school, were already well-established in New Zealand by the time this second frontier region began to attract much attention - in the case of the press this meant an interconnectedness from the outset, with ideas and staff emanating from established New Zealand circles - and communication difficulties caused by isolation. Poverty Bay's first newspaper, the Poverty Bay Standard, began in 1872, more than thirty years after New Zealand's first newspaper, the New Zealand Gazette. The 1870s saw a clamour of activity. This was reflected in the district's press, not only within its pages, but also with considerable competition and changing of ownership. Eventually one newspaper, the Poverty Bay Herald, succeeded where all others failed. The Poverty Bay Herald has remained in the hands of one family since experienced printer Allan Ramsay Muir became part-owner in 1884. Thus, the family and the community have been intertwined for one hundred and twenty years. Good provincial newspapers provide a cohesive element in their society or they do not succeed. The Poverty Bay Herald initially survived through luck and useful friends but it became a beacon for its community in that it reflected success and modernity. Many others attempted to dislodge it or share the stage, but the Poverty Bay Herald played, and still plays, a significant role as the former 'out district' stabilized and advanced.
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Ehrenberg, Victor Jellinek Georg Keller Christian. "Victor Ehrenberg und Georg Jellinek : Briefwechsel 1872 - 1911 /." Frankfurt am Main : Klostermann, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/474708756.pdf.
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Cheung, Pui-ching Isis, and 張佩貞. "The study of Tse Tsan Tai (1872-1938)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951272.
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Ho, Hon-kuen, and 何漢權. "Zeng Guofan's (1811-1872) views on family education." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38603470.
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Rutherford, Brian Craig. "The churches and Aberdeen School Board 1872-1900." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368899.
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The involvement of the Churches in public education was radically altered by the Education (Scotland) Act 1872. This Act placed education firmly in the hands of elected school boards rather than churches and led to the handing over of many church schools. Only those of the Roman Catholic and Episcopal Church continued for a time outside the state system. This thesis argues that in Aberdeen the Churches were successful in introducing and in keeping the Bible and a general religious education along Presbyterian lines in the state schools, even although this very success led to a diminution in direct church influence over state education and a shift to more secular control. To secure the position of religious education, the Churches in Aberdeen, in particular the Church of Scotland, acted as quasi-political parties and ran candidates in the school board elections. This led to head-on clashes with the "secularists" who wanted no religion in the schools at all and with the newly-emerging forces of "labour", in particular the Aberdeen United Trades Council, which wanted workingmen on the Board, free education, and freedom from clerical control. By the 1890s the position of religious education had been secured beyond challenge and the involvement of "Church" candidates ceased. Nevertheless, individual ministers and members continued to play a high-profile role in educational policy through ongoing membership of the Board.
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Silva, Maria Ines Abreu Oliveira Luzes da. "The Portuguese in the Amazon Valley, 1872-1920." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328253.
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Canton-Debat, Jacques. "Un homme d'affaires lyonnais : Arlès-Dufour (1797-1872)." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/jcanton-debat.
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Fils de ses oeuvres, F. B. Arlès-Dufour, commissaire en soieries, saint-simonien lyonnais - intime, puis exécuteur testamentaire du "Père Enfantin" -, s'intéressa très tôt aux questions économiques et sociales. Servir les intérêts de "la classe la plus nombreuse et la plus pauvre", tel était son but. Aussi, ses initiatives furent-elles multiples et opiniâtres dans le domaine de l'instruction primaire et professionnelle (Société d'Instruction primaire du Rhône, Martinière, Ecole centrale lyonnaise, Société d'Enseignement professionnel du Rhône). Animé du feu sacré des grandes choses, membre de la Chambre de commerce de Lyon durant 36 ans , il participa directement à de nombreuses entreprises industrielles et commerciales du XIXe siècle : banques (Banque de Lyon, Banque de France (Lyon), Crédit Lyonnais, etc. ), chemins de fer (Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée), canal de Suez - avant Lesseps ! -, etc. Avec une persévérance infatigable, il se consacra très tôt à la liberté des échanges. Ami de diverses personnalités économiques et politiques britanniques (Bowring, Cobden, Bright), on le compte parmi les principaux promoteurs du traité de commerce avec l'Angleterre de 1860. Membre du jury de diverses expositions nationales et internationales, il fut notamment secrétaire général de la Commission impériale de l'Exposition universelle de Paris de 1855, présidée par le prince Napoléon. Familier du Palais-Royal et, sans doute, des Tuileries, "sans rien craindre ni attendre du pouvoir" comme il l'écrivit à l'Empereur le 2 avril 1869, cet homme d'action et de bien, à la forte et originale personnalité, était Commandeur de l'Ordre impérial de la Légion d'honneur<br>Self-made man, F. B. Arlès-Dufour, commissionner in the silk trade, faithful saint-simonian - old friend and executor for Prosper Enfantin - devoted himself, early in life, to economical and social affairs. His priority was to serve the interests of that class of people which was the poorest and most numerous. So, he took an early initiative, with often-stubborn persistence, in introducing and developing elementary and professional education (Société d'Instruction primaire du Rhône, Martinière, Ecole centrale lyonnaise, Société d'Enseignement professionnel du Rhône). Inamited by important actions, member of Chamber of commerce for 36 years, he was directly involved in the beginnings of the numerous industrial and commercial companies of the 19th century : banks (Banque de Lyon, Banque de France (Lyons), Crédit Lyonnais), railways (Paris, Lyons, Mediterranean), Suez canal - before Lesseps ! - etc. With an unfailing perseverance, he devoted himself to free exchange. Closely acquainted with numerous economic and political figures in Britain (Bowring, Cobden, Bright), he was one of the instigators of the commercial treaty with England of 1860. Member of the jury of several national and international exhibitions, he was especially general secretary of the International Exhibition of Paris of 1855, with the prince Napoléon as president. Regular visitor of the Palais Royal and, without doubt, Les Tuileries, sans rien craindre ni attendre du pouvoir" ("fearing nothing and expecting nothing from the authorities") as he wrote to the Emperor on april, second, 1869, this upright man of action, with a strong and unique personality, was made Commandeur de l'Ordre impérial de la Légion d'honneur
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Canton-Debat, Jacques. "Un homme d'affaire lyonnais : Arlès-Dufour, 1797-1872 /." [S. l.] : J. Canton-Lebat, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37650436h.
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Canton-Debat, Jacques Lequin Yves-Claude. "Un homme d'affaires lyonnais Arlès-Dufour (1797-1872) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2000/jcanton-debat.
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Rinaldin, Anna <1979>. "Tommaseo politico e cosmologico nelle poesie del 1872." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/658.
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Junior, Luiz Carlos Ramiro. "Entre o Syllabus e a Constituição moderna: debates políticos em torno da questão religiosa (1872-1875) no Brasil." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6563.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>Este trabalho é fruto de pesquisas sobre as relações entre Igreja e Estado no Brasil do século XIX. O objetivo é apresentar um panorama dos debates políticos em torno da Questão Religiosa - principal evento no Segundo Reinado (1842-1889) envolvendo, o clero e a política imperial -, cujas
discussões percorreram o Senado, a Câmara dos Deputados, o Conselho de Estado, o poder judiciário, e a sociedade como um todo, sobretudo nos jornais, entre 1872 e 1875. O conflito aconteceu a partir da tentativa de dois Bispos de separar o culto católico das práticas maçônicas. A Questão Religiosa revela-se no Brasil como um verdadeiro embate, entre a defesa e o prolongamento dos princípios liberais da Constituição Imperial de 1824, e, o movimento mundial da
Igreja católica de reação ao liberalismo, emplacado no Syllabus um documento lançado em 1864 pelo Papa Pio IX listando os 80 erros da sociedade moderna. Nessa perspectiva a dissertação divide-se em duas partes. A primeira trata do conceito de secularização e o quadro político frente
à religião católica na Europa. E a segunda lida com a Questão Religiosa no Brasil e com quatro posicionamentos diferentes, sobre as relações entre os poderes político e religioso, que foram expressos na década de 1870.<br>This work is the result of a research about the relationship between the church and the state in Brazil during the nineteenth-century. The aim is to present an overview of the political debates around the Religious Question, which was the main event in the Brasilian Second Empire (1842-1889) when
part of the clergy acted against the Brasilian imperial policy, whose discussions went through the Senate, the House of Representatives, the State Council, the Judiciary, and a society as a whole, especially in newspapers, between 1872
and 1875. The conflict arose from the attempt to bishops lined up with the ultramontanism who wanted to separate Catholic worship from Freemasonry practices. The Religious Question in Brazil actually is a real clash between the
defense and extension of liberal principles of the Imperial Constitution of 1824 versus the global movement of the Catholic Church to condemn the liberalism, as prescribed in the Syllabus - a document released in 1864 by the Pope Pius
IX with a list of 80 errors of the modern society. In this perspective the dissertation is divided into two parts. The first one deals with the concept of secularization and the policy framework across the Catholic religion in Europe.
And the second is about the Religious Question in Brazil and four different positions on the relationship between political and religious power, which were expressed in the 1870s.
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García, Izquierdo José Manuel. "Francesc Maspons i Anglasell: Polític, jurista, periodista (1872-1967)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/361119.
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Francesc Maspons i Anglasell (Barcelona 1872- Bigues i Riells 1966) fou un jurista d’una reconeguda trajectòria professional. Especialista en dret català, va ser director de l’Oficina d’Estudis Jurídics de la Mancomunitat de Catalunya i va destacar per ser un precursor i ferm defensor de la unió de les nacions europees.
Gairebé tan extensa, malgrat que força més desconeguda, és la seva tasca com a periodista i home de lletres. Fill de la Renaixença, Maspons i Anglasell va ser conscient ja de ben jove del pes de la premsa i del seu poder a l’hora de difondre les excel·lències de la cultura catalana i la seva capacitat de conscienciació nacional. Influït per l’activitat literària del seu pare, el notari Francesc Maspons i Labrós, i d’altres membres de la seva família com Maria Maspons i Labrós –més coneguda com Maria de Bell-lloc- i Francesc Pelagi Briz; Maspons i Anglasell va endegar un seguit de publicacions encaminades a comentar la vida política i cultural del país.
El seu nom va ser un habitual dintre de les principals revistes de caire catalanista del primer terç del segle XX, just abans de l’ensulsiada que va suposar la Guerra Civil. Durant aquest període de temps va col·laborar activament amb publicacions de tota mena com Catalunya, un bisetmanari d’elevades pretensions intel·lectuals i literàries; La mainada, una revista infantil que buscava la catalanització de la infantesa i on Maspons publicava sota el pseudònim de Blai Einer, i Fòrum, redactada pels estudiants de dret de la facultat de Barcelona durant la dictadura franquista.
Però la seva gran aportació al món del periodisme de principis del segle XX fou la creació de tres destacades revistes: Empori, Claris i Clarisme, cadascuna d’elles especialitzada en aspectes molt significatius de la societat catalana. Director de totes tres, Empori (1907-1908) va ser un mensual d’una rellevant categoria intel·lectual; Claris (tres etapes: 1932, 1933 i 1936) esdevingué una tribuna des d’on va comentar i analitzar tot el procés estatutari de 1932 i les seves derivades, i
Clarisme (1933-1934) naixé com un setmanari cultural pensat per donar una oportunitat a joves escriptors i periodistes que volguessin obrir-se camí en el món de les lletres.
A banda del seu periodisme intencional encaminat a dignificar la llengua i la cultura catalana i a reivindicar la seva personalitat nacional pròpia; Maspons i Anglasell participà de nombroses i variades iniciatives que el convertiren al llarg de la seva extensa vida en una figura força reconeguda i popular. Presidí l’Acadèmia de Jurisprudència i Legislació, la Unió Jurídica Catalana, el Centre Excursionista de Catalunya, la Federació Catalano-balear de Turisme, la cooperativa impulsora de la Ciutat Repòs i de Vacances per a Obrers, l’Associació Internacional per l'Estudi dels Drets de les Minories de l’Haia i la Societat Catalana d’Estudis Jurídics, Econòmics i Socials; fou sotspresident de Congrés de minories nacionals de la Societat de Nacions, candidat del Partit Nacionalista Català i un dels primers defensors de la catalanitat de Cristòfor Colom, entre moltes altres empreses.<br>Francesc Maspons i Anglasell (Barcelona 1872- Bigues i Riells 1966) fue un jurista de una reconocida trayectoria profesional. Especialista en derecho catalán, fue director de la Oficina d’Estudis Jurídics de la Mancomunitat de Catalunya y destacó por ser un precursor y firme defensor de la unión de las naciones europeas.
Casi tan extensa, a pesar de que bastante menos conocida, es su tarea como periodista y hombre de letras. Hijo de la Renaixença, Maspons i Anglasell fue consciente ya desde muy joven del peso de la prensa y de su poder a la hora de difundir las excelencias de la cultura catalana y su capacidad de concienciación nacional. Influido por la actividad literaria de su padre, el notario Francesc Maspons i Labrós, y otros miembros de su familia como Maria Maspons i Labrós –más conocida como Maria de Bell-lloch- y Francesc Pelagi Briz; Maspons i Anglasell emprendió una serie de publicaciones encaminadas a comentar la vida política y cultural del país.
Su nombre fue un habitual dentro de las principales revistas de cariz catalanista del primer tercio del siglo XX, justo antes del desastre que supuso la Guerra Civil. Durante este periodo, colaboró activamente con publicaciones de todo tipo como Catalunya, un bisemanario de elevadas pretensiones intelectuales y literarias; La mainada, una revista infantil que buscaba la catalanización de los más pequeños y donde Maspons publicaba bajo el pseudónimo de Blai Einer, y Fòrum, redactada por los estudiantes de derecho de la facultad de Barcelona durante la dictadura franquista. Pero su gran aportación en el mundo del periodismo de principios del siglo XX fue la creación de tres destacadas revistas: Empori, Claris y Clarisme, cada una de ellas especializada en aspectos muy significativos de la sociedad catalana. Director de las tres, Empori (1907-1908) fue un mensual de una relevante categoría intelectual; Claris (tres etapas: 1932, 1933 y 1936) aconteció una tribuna desde donde comentó y analizó todo el proceso estatutario de 1932 y sus derivadas, y Clarisme (1933-1934), nacido como un semanario cultural pensado para dar una oportunidad a jóvenes escritores y periodistas que quisieran abrirse camino en el mundo de las letras. Además de su periodismo intencional encaminado a dignificar la lengua y la cultura catalana y a reivindicar su personalidad nacional propia; Maspons i Anglasell participó de numerosas y variadas iniciativas que lo convirtieron a lo largo de su extensa vida en una figura bastante reconocida y popular. Presidió la Acadèmia de Jurisprudència i Legislació, la Unió Jurídica Catalana, el Centre Excursionista de Catalunya, la Federació Catalano-balear de Turisme, la cooperativa impulsora de la Ciutat Repòs i de Vacances per a Obrers, la Asociación Internacional por el Estudio de los Derechos de las Minorías de la Haya y la Societat Catalana d’Estudis Jurídics, Econòmics i Socials; fue vicepresidente de Congreso de minorías nacionales de la Sociedad de Naciones, candidato del Partit Nacionalista Català y uno de los primeros defensores de la catalanidad de Cristóbal Colón, entre otras muchas empresas.<br>Francesc Maspons i Anglasell (Barcelona 1872- Bigues i Riells 1966) was a jurist of recognized professional. Catalan law specialist, was director of the Oficina d'Estudis Juridics of the Mancomunitat of Catalonia and stood out as a pioneer and strong supporter of the union of European nations.
Almost as large, though far less known is his work as a journalist and man of letters. Son of the Renaissance, Maspons i Anglasell was aware from an early age and weight of the press and its power in spreading the virtues of the Catalan culture and national awareness capability. Influenced by the literary activity of his father, the notary Francesc Maspons i Labrós, and other family members as Maria Maspons i Labros -better known as Maria de Bell- lloch- and Francesc Pelagi Briz; Maspons i Anglasell launched a series of publications aimed at discussing the political and cultural life of the country.
His name was a regular in leading journals in Catalan complexion of the early twentieth century, just before the disaster that led to the Civil War. During this period, he actively collaborated with publications of all kinds as Catalunya, a biweekly high intellectual and literary pretensions; La Mainada, a children's magazine that sought Catalanization of the smallest and where Maspons published under the pseudonym Blai Einer, and Fòrum, written by law students of the faculty of Barcelona during the Franco dictatorship.
But his great contribution to the world of journalism of the early twentieth century was the creation of three leading journals: Empori, Claris and Clarisme, each specialized in a very significant aspects of Catalan society. Director of the three, Empori (1907-1908) was a month of relevant intellectual category; Claris (three stages: 1932, 1933 and 1936) came a platform from which he commented and analyzed the entire statutory process of 1932 and its derivatives, and Clarisme (1933-1934), born as a cultural weekly intended to give an opportunity to young writers and journalists who wanted to break into the world of letters.
In addition of intentional aims to dignify the Catalan language and culture and to assert their own national identity; Maspons i Anglasell participated in numerous and varied initiatives that made him throughout his long life in a fairly recognized and popular figure. He chaired the Acadèmia de Jurisprudència i Legislació, the Unió Jurídica Catalana, the Centre Excursionista de Catalunya, the Federació Catalano-balear de Turisme, the driving cooperative of the Ciutat Repòs i de Vacances per a Obrers, the International Association for the Study of the Rights Minority Hague and the Societat Catalana d’Estudis Jurídics, Econòmics i Socials; he was vice president of Congress of national minorities of the League of Nations, candidate of Partit Nacionalista Català and one of the first defenders of the Catalan identity of Christopher Columbus, among other initiatives.
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Rören, Owe. "Idioternas tid : Tankestilar inom den tidiga idiotskolan 1840 - 1872." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7105.
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The purpose of this thesis is to increase our knowledge about the thinking of idiocy behind the formation of the first institutional schools for idiots in the Scandinavian countries. The source materials – publications, articles, documents, photos – has been studied and interpreted through a hermeneutic existential method. The final interpretation is connected to Ludwik Fleck´s theory of thought-style and thought-collective. Thought-style in this context has different aspects: The quality or characteristics of the conception or diagnosis of idiocy The ideas about underlying causes The educational, medical and social measures required The expected results or goals The environmental influence Three historical perspectives are traced in the thesis: a biographical history perspective, an educational/medical and a comprehensive perspective of the history of knowledge. The Nordic thinking of idiocy was strongly influenced from French, Swiss and Prussian forerunners. The first efforts in the Nordic countries were attempted by psychiatrists, theologians and teachers for the deaf and dumb. The precursor in Sweden, a woman, had to connect to the available female/religious strategy of the time for her participation. The study concludes that although the activists spoke about “the time of the idiots” it was also a time for the activists to create possibilities for entrepreneurship and professional careers. The medical knowledge of idiocy was in its infancy. The educational progression was moderate and built upon the theories of the time.
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Røren, Owe. "Idioternas tid : tankestilar inom den tidiga idiotskolan 1840-1872 /." Stockholm : Pedagogiska institutionen, Stockholms universitet, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7105.
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Mulligan, William. "General Walther Reinhardt, 1872-1930 : a soldier in politics." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621054.
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Tofaris, Stelios. "A historical study of the Indian Contract Act 1872." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283876.
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Vičarová, Eva. "Die Musik in der Kathedrale von Olomouc (1872–1985)." Internationale Arbeitsgemeinschaft für die Musikgeschichte in Mittel- und Osteuropa an der Universität Leipzig, 2015. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A16165.
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Am Ende dieses Beitrags lässt sich konstatieren, dass die Kapellmeister des Domchors in Olomouc angesichts der schwierigen gesellschaftlichen und kulturellen Ereignisse des Zeitraums 1872 bis 1985 die besondere und bedeutende Stellung ihrer musikalischen Institution und ihres Chorkörpers sehr gut gepflegt haben. Als Künstler und Persönlichkeiten knüpften sie ehrenvoll an ein Hunderte Jahre altes musikalisches und geistiges Vermächtnis des Wenzelsdoms als einer bedeutenden mährischen Kirche an.
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La, Torre Joseph. "Les Intellectuels philippins en Espagne de 1872 à 1896." Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0053.
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Au debut du xixeme siecle, l'archipel philippin - colonie espagnole depuis le xvieme siecle - souffre des pesanteurs en gouvernement espagnol et de la mainmise des moines sur les affaires du pays. Quelques intellectuels philippins, influences par les idees des "lumieres" prennent conscience que l'archipel a un besoin urgent des reformes. Vers 1880, ils gagnent l'espagne pour achever leurs etudes et creer le mouvement reformiste appele "la propaganda". Soutenus par les republicains espagnols et surtout par la franc-maconnerie ils reclament d'abord des reformes politiques telles que la representation parlementaire aux cortes et la reorganisation des structures des municipalites leurs revendications concernent dans un 2eme temps, les domaines de l'ensei- gnement et de l'instruction, ainsi que ceux de l'economie et des affaires religieuses. Le propos de la these est de comprendre la personnalite des "illustrados", le role qu'ils ont joue, et de voir comment, pendant pres de 15 ans, ils ont mene un combat politique qui a prepare le terrain a la revolution de 1896.
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Le, Grand Vincent. "Léon Blum, 1872-1950 : une doctrine républicaine du parlementarisme." Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN0073.
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Parce qu'elles n'ont jamais été étudiées qu'à travers La Réforme gouvernementale, les vues de Léon Blum sur le parlementarisme n'ont pas été restituées en doctrine à leur juste place. La promotion dans ce texte d'un parlementarisme anglicisé et soumis à une exigence intraitable de rendement semblait justifier le rattachement du leader socialiste au courant réformiste de l'entre-deux-guerres. Pourtant, cette obsession de l'autorité et de l'efficacité gouvernementales n'est pas représentative d'une pensée à la fois plus large et plus subtile. L'œuvre constitutionnelle de Léon Blum révèle une préoccupation peu perceptible dans ses écrits les plus accessibles : le respect de la souveraineté parlementaire avec lequel il n'accepta jamais de transiger. Cette condition, tenue pour fondamentale, le distingue non seulement de ses contemporains, elle le fait figurer comme le dernier dépositaire de la doctrine républicaine du parlementarisme cristallisée en France à la fin du XIXe siècle.
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Byeon, Ki-Chan. "Les Ouvrières de Paris : Travail et famile : 1872-1914." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070074.
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Dans cette these d'histoire des femmes, c'est donc d'histoire ouvriere qu'il s'agit. Mon objectif premier etait en effet de chercher a apprehender les ouvrieres parisiennes dans leur environnement de travail, dans ce qui constitue l'essentiel de leur quotidien, c'est-a-dire les femmes en tant qu'ouvrieres, epouses et meres. S'il est desormais etabli que le travail des femmes ne constitue pas une nouveaute propre aux temps modernes, une des caracteristiques du siecle dernier est la feminisation des classes ouvrieres. C'est la raison pour laquelle l'histoire des ouvrieres, qui se situe a l'intersection de l'histoire des femmes et de celle de la classe ouvriere, m'est apparue comme un objet d'etude exceptionnellement fecond et precieux. Cette these s'organise autour de trois axes, dont le premier permet d'offrir une physionomie du travail des ouvrieres parisiennes. En outre, il ne me semblait guere possible d'entamer une analyse complete des ouvrieres sans avoir au prealable penetre le coeur de leur famille. Enfin, la derniere partie permet d'apprehender les ouvrieres parisiennes dans leurs actions collectives, qu'elles soient les principales actrices des greves ou de simples grevistes aux cotes de leurs homologues masculins.
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Kuhlemann, Frank-Michael. "Modernisierung und Disziplinierung : Sozialgeschichte des preussischen Volksschulwesens, 1794-1872 /." Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37060536z.
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Braniff, John Michael. "The Marist Brothers' teaching tradition in Australia, 1872-2000." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/691.
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Recent Australian academic attempts to define the 'charism,' or distinguishing spirit, of the Marist Brothers' style of education, have been conducted using sociological methodologies and have resulted in findings which are more religious than educational or pedagogical, in content. The present enquiry is more educational in focus and historical in approach. This enquiry poses a series of questions e.g: Did the Marists who arrived in Australia in 1872 come as the conscious bearers of a distinctive style of teaching? Did they adapt this distinctive style to meet the needs of the Australian society? How faithfully did they cling to their founding inspiration? Have they been successful in preserving this distinctiveness in the face of modern developments in Australian education and in the Catholic Church? Or, is all that remains the name 'Marist'? The historical methodology employed uses both recent academic analyses of the Marist Brothers' Founder's work and also of the archival documentation of the Order's foundation and development in Australia. It also tracks, though not in isolation, the development of the first Marist school in Sydney, St Patrick's, Church Hill; founded in 1872 and still operating, at a new location 'Dundas' in the more recently-formed diocese of Parramatta. This individual school's role in Marist teacher education in early, and more recent times, makes it an appropriate focus. In summary, the thesis concludes that the Marists did come as conscious disciples of St Marcellin Champagnat, their founder; but that the pristine inspiration had already begun to evolve. In Australia the brothers continued to follow his example in adapting to the newer demands of Church and State. After Vatican II and the return of State Aid, however, the pace and scope of development precipitated changes which arguably constitute a break from all but the names 'Marist' and 'Champagnat'.
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Braniff, John Michael. "The Marist Brothers' teaching tradition in Australia, 1872-2000." University of Sydney. Policy and Practice, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/691.
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Recent Australian academic attempts to define the 'charism,' or distinguishing spirit, of the Marist Brothers' style of education, have been conducted using sociological methodologies and have resulted in findings which are more religious than educational or pedagogical, in content. The present enquiry is more educational in focus and historical in approach. This enquiry poses a series of questions e.g: Did the Marists who arrived in Australia in 1872 come as the conscious bearers of a distinctive style of teaching? Did they adapt this distinctive style to meet the needs of the Australian society? How faithfully did they cling to their founding inspiration? Have they been successful in preserving this distinctiveness in the face of modern developments in Australian education and in the Catholic Church? Or, is all that remains the name �Marist�? The historical methodology employed uses both recent academic analyses of the Marist Brothers� Founder�s work and also of the archival documentation of the Order�s foundation and development in Australia. It also tracks, though not in isolation, the development of the first Marist school in Sydney, St Patrick�s, Church Hill; founded in 1872 and still operating, at a new location � Dundas � in the more recently-formed diocese of Parramatta. This individual school�s role in Marist teacher education in early, and more recent times, makes it an appropriate focus. In summary, the thesis concludes that the Marists did come as conscious disciples of St Marcellin Champagnat, their founder; but that the pristine inspiration had already begun to evolve. In Australia the brothers continued to follow his example in adapting to the newer demands of Church and State. After Vatican II and the return of State Aid, however, the pace and scope of development precipitated changes which arguably constitute a break from all but the names �Marist� and �Champagnat�.
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GUIZZI, CHIARA. "LA GOVERNANCE DI UNA GRANDE IMPRESA: PIRELLI 1872-1972." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/218167.
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Since the analysis conducted in 1999 from La Porta, Lopez de Sinales, Shleifer on Corporate Governance Around the World, numerous studies have been focused on ownership structure patterns tipical of different countries. These studies show that in several economies, for example in continental Europe, concentrated ownership structures are prevalent, an evidence that is in contrast with 1932 Berle and Means’s statement that a widely held ownership structure, tipical of the american corporation, is the most appropriate one to the modern firm development.
As a consequence of these results, recent studies have thus been based on possible relationship between corporate governance, firm strategy and its performance, investigating whether and how these issues are influenced each by other.
The research is focused on a case study - the case of Pirelli, one of the biggest and most long-lived italian firm - and documents the evolution of its ownership and control structure over time, investigating these issues in relation to firm strategy and performance.
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Cleary, Susan J. Duffy Charles Gavan. "After the gold and the grass : the introduction of novel industries into the colony of Victoria 1862 to 1872 /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armc6234.pdf.
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Aurani, Katya Margareth. "La nature et le rôle des probabilités dans les premières recherches de Boltzmann sur la 2ème loi de la thermodynamique (les articles de 1866, 1871, 1872 et de 1877)." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070017.
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Nous analysons quatre des articles du debut des recherches de boltzmann sur la deuxieme loi de la thermodynamique (les articles de 1866, 1871, 1872 et de 1877). Nous concluons que boltzmann utilise la deuxieme loi pour trouver les limites du mouvement atomique, et que la thermodynamique apparait dans ses recherches en tant que science fondamentale, dans la mesure ou elle permet une description du mouvement atomique de facon independante des parametres des mouvements macroscopiques des corps. Nous analysons le role de la probabilite dans ces travaux, en concluant qu'elle sert a la mathematisation de la discontinuite dans le mouvement irregulier de l'atome. Nous soulignons, deja dans son premier article de 1866, le role de la probabilite dans l'approche de boltzmann, lequel se rapporte a la consideration du mouvement d'une seule particule dans le temps. Nous remarquons dans cette approche, l'existence d'une distinctions effective entre la probabilite et la statistique<br>We analyse four articles of the beginning of boltzmann's research on second law of thermodynamics (the 1866, 1871, 1872 and 1877 articles), discussing the question of reduction of this law to the laws of mechanics. We show that boltzmann uses the second law to find the limits of atomic movement, and that thermodynamics appears in this research as a fondamental science, as far as it provides a description for atomic movement which is independent of the parameters of the macroscopical movements of the bodies. We analyse the role of probability in these works, concluding that it provides the mathematisation of discontinuity in atomic irregular movement. We emphasize the role of probability in boltzmann's approach already in his early article of 1866, which is related to his consideration of the movement of a single particle in the course of time. We notice in this approach the existence of a effective distinction betwenn probability and statistics
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Graziani, Nelly. "La citoyenneté dans le Bee-Hive, 1862-1876, et dans l’Industrial Review, 1876-1878." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040174.
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Les années 1860-1880 forment une charnière dans l’histoire de la démocratie britannique, car cette période fut celle de la seconde loi de Réforme, qui étendit le droit de vote à de plus larges sections des classes ouvrières. Ce changement politique fut le fruit de nombreuses manifestations nationales dont les syndicats furent les figures de proue. L’engagement en faveur de l’Union au cours de la guerre de Sécession, et en faveur de l’unité nationale italienne et polonaise, fut le vecteur de l’entrée en politique des classes ouvrières. La construction de la citoyenneté ouvrière est étudiée ici au travers des articles du Bee-Hive, journal ouvrier radical et libéral qui fut créé en 1861 pour réclamer en priorité le droit de vote<br>The 1860s-1870s form a turning point in the history of British democracy, because these were the years when the second Reform Act was passed, which extended the right to vote to larger sections of the working classes. Such political change was the result of numerous national demonstrations organised by the Trades’ Unions. By showing their strong commitment to the Union during the American Civil War, and to Italian and Polish national unity, the working classes signalled their determination to enter the field of politics. This doctoral thesis studies the construction of working class citizenship through the pages of the Bee-Hive, a radical and liberal working class paper primarily created in 1861 to claim for suffrage
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Benoit, Martine-Sophie. "Theodor Lessing (1872-1933) : témoin critique de la condition juive." Lille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL30018.
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