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Dissertations / Theses on the topic '1940s'
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Simanavičiūtė, Daiva. "The Lithuanian World Community’s development 1940s – 1970s." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090226_134525-99870.
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The studies of emigrant associations abroad and the development of migrant organizations in the world in historical perspective are very important in the present context of Lithuania. One of the most important émigré organisations is the Lithuanian World Community (Pasaulio lietuvių bendruomenė), which was established by political refugees with the goal of uniting all the dispersed Lithuanians over the world. This dissertation presents the organizational and political development aspects of the Lithuanian World Community in the 1940s – 1970s. The first chapter features the lessons of the migration policy in the first Republic of Lithuania and the ideas of mobilizing Lithuanians over the world. Colonization’s plans and impact of civic associations to mobilize Lithuanians abroad are explored. In the second chapter it is analysed how the policy of the Western countries influenced Lithuanian mobilization after the Second World War. Secondly, the establishment of the Lithuanian World Community is reconstructed. The third chapter describes the conditions and explains how the Lithuanian communities were established in the countries of immigration. The organizational structure of the Lithuanian World Community board and the development of its relationship with Lithuanian communities are analyzed. The mobilization of the second generation of Lithuanians in the world is investigated. The development of the relations between the Lithuanian World Community and the World Lithuanian Youth... [to full text]<br>Gausi emigracija ir naujų lietuvių bendruomenių formavimasis užsienio šalyse sudaro prielaidas tyrinėti ir migrantų draugijų bruožus, ir jų raidą istorinėje perspektyvoje. Svarbią reikšmę turi Pasaulio lietuvių bendruomenė, įsteigta Antrojo pasaulinio karo politinių pabėgėlių bangos atstovų, siekiant suvienyti pasaulyje pasklidusius lietuvius. Disertacijos tikslas rekonstruoti Pasaulio lietuvių bendruomenės organizacinius ir politinius raidos aspektus XX a. 5–8 dešimtmečiuose. Pirmoji dalis skirta apžvelgti Pirmosios Lietuvos Respublikos migracijos politikos pamokas, sprendžiant pasaulyje pasklidusių lietuvių telkimo problemas. Antrojoje dalyje aptariama Vakarų šalių politika sprendžiant politinių pabėgėlių likimą po Antrojo pasaulinio karo ir su tuo susijusi pasaulio lietuvių telkimo idėjų raida nuo kompaktinio emigravimo galimybės iki naujos, visai lietuvių išeivijai skirtos organizacijos (Pasaulio lietuvių bendruomenės) sukūrimo. Trečiojoje dalyje aprašomos Lietuvių bendruomenių steigimo atskiruose kraštuose sąlygos ir ypatumai; pristatomi PLB institucionalizavimo aspektai, rekonstruojamas PLB vaidmuo formuojant santykius su atskirų kraštų Lietuvių bendruomenėmis, apžvelgiama tų santykių raida; analizuojamas jaunosios išeivijos kartos telkimo klausimas, pristatoma PLB ir Pasaulio lietuvių jaunimo sąjungos bendradarbiavimo raida. Ketvirtojoje dalyje rekonstruojama ir analizuojama PLB veikla sprendžiant lietuvių išeivijos reprezentavimo ir politinio susiorganizavimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Le-Guilcher, Lucy Ann. "Style and women's writing, 1940s to 1950s." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608667.
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Cadioli, Giovanni. "Soviet economic thought and economic policy in the 1940s : influence on 1950s-1960s reforms." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:255012eb-5322-404d-b39a-ad11edb0640d.
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The present thesis looks at the Soviet economy in the 1940s-1960s period. It specifically focuses on the influence of economic policy and thought developed in the late 1940s on the post-Stalinist era. The thesis' aim is to prove that several key elements of 1950s-1960s economic reforms had already been conceptualised, proposed or implemented during the Stalinist period. The pillars of this 1940s-1960s reforming continuity which the research deals with are khozraschet, economic levers (profit, value, market, prices, credit, bonuses), perspective planning, the balance of the national economy method, as well as the debates concerning the law of value and the repeated attempts at drawing up a General Plan and at drafting a new Party Programme. The key figure this thesis focuses on is N.A. Voznesensky, top Soviet planner in 1939-1949. In the late 1930s he revived practices and methods discontinued after 1928, while under his aegis, policies and debates that later influenced post-Stalinist reforms were developed in the late 1940s. The thesis relies on primary evidence gathered at four Russian state archives (RGAE, GARF, ARAN, RGASPI) and on research carried out at British, Russian, Italian and German libraries.
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Zenger, Robin Elizabeth. "West Indians in Panama: Diversity and Activism, 1910s – 1940s." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581411.
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At least 50,000 working-class laborers from the West Indies, many of them poor and unemployed, remained with their families in central Panama after the construction of the Panama Canal in 1914. Over the next thirty years, along with a small number of West Indian professionals, religious leaders, and business owners, they established ways to sustain themselves in locales, both in Panama and the American-controlled Canal Zone, where they faced challenges and opposition. Their sizable presence interrupted ideals of elite politicians in Panama to Hispanicize the population. Nationalist Panamanians stigmatized them as culturally different competitors for canal maintenance jobs, and lacking in loyalty to the state because they clung to English and their British colonial citizenship. In the Canal Zone, they faced racial segregation and second-class status. This dissertation examines critical physical and cultural spaces the immigrants created to foster community, provide social and economic security, educate their children, and as a corollary, develop new identities. Using archival material, land records, interviews and historical newspapers from Panama and the United States, and informed by a wide range of secondary sources, the chapters examine the activism of West Indians, in the context of Panamanian historical trends. The case studies analyze involvement of the immigrants in three particular settings: as members of voluntary associations called lodges, as renters and residents of neighborhoods, and as shapers of education for their children, who were born into citizenship in Panama. West Indians had come to Panama from different island cultures and maintained many differences, yet in these settings they developed commonalities and shared experiences as West Indian Panamanians. In the process, West Indian immigrants influenced Panama's development in ways little acknowledged in Panamanian or American national, social or economic history.
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Liao, Yen Jen Yvonne. "Western music and municipality in 1930s and 1940s Shanghai." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/western-music-and-municipality-in-1930s-and-1940s-shanghai(aafa1e93-7c19-44d9-8c77-df226ed5d568).html.
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The aim of this thesis is to examine the complex relationship between western music and municipality in 1930s and 1940s Shanghai. The objective is to carry out an inquiry into musical venues, municipal policies and ideas of musical sound in a fragmented administrative geography. Music historians have yet to research in tandem municipalities of the British and French settlers, Japanese military and the Chinese Nationalists—an alternative historical modelling that nuances studies of 1930s and 1940s Shanghai as a global and colonial metropolis. In terms of the evidence, the thesis draws on documentary sources in Chinese, English, French and German from Shanghai’s treaty port, war and postwar years. Surviving materials extend from concert programmes, used scores and musical advertisements to venue licences and tax correspondence. The four main chapters function as case studies; each is located in a specific municipality. Chapter One discusses the International Settlement: British settlers’ sonic values and the aural phenomenon of the Shanghai Municipal Brass Band in the parks. Chapter Two discusses the French Concession: the sonic regulation of the French Municipal Council and the jarring but no less ‘French’ entertainment of eateries. Chapter Three discusses ‘Little Vienna’ in Japanese-occupied Shanghai: the landscape of European Jewish cafés and their sound worlds of Unterhaltungsmusik in the Restricted Sector for Stateless Refugees. Chapter Four discusses Nationalist Shanghai: eateries’ claims of a distinct musical sound in the context of an anti-music tax policy. The Epilogue shifts from ‘1930s and 1940s Shanghai’ as a matter of music history to matters of historiography, first exploring reproduction maps and repositories, then outlining some further directions for an archival musicology. In terms of its overall contribution, the thesis brings to light not only Shanghai’s western musical venues and municipal policies, but also the peculiar geography of a city of cities, multinational yet divided.
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Farrugia, Marisa. "The plight of women in Egyptian cinema (1940s-1960s)." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/251/.
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It has been suggested that the period between the 1940s and the 1960s was 'the golden age' of Egyptian cinema -a period of growth, innovation and popularity. The aim of this research is to focus on the plight of Egyptian women in selected long feature films of this period, and how this -was realistically represented on the screen. It was a daunting task for the present researcher to embark on such controversial gender issues, especially from a westerner's perspective on a Muslim Arab society. But the researcher's determination and sense of duty to investigate and expose the hardships of Egyptian womenfolk through films, managed to overcome that feeling of trepidation, together with the tremendous support of her advisor Dr. Zahia Salhi. This study begins by tracing the historical development of Egyptian cinema and the important role played by female pioneers in the newly emergent film industry, whereby an assessment of the role of these pioneers is also considered. This leads to an analysis of the status of the Egyptian woman within her socio-historical and cultural contexts that are essential for the identification of gender based representational strategies in these films. The research reviews major film theories related to representation, communication and gender issues, and how films as products of their creators, are connected to the social, economic, political and cultural backgrounds of a given time and place. In addition to these film theories, the study recommends a textual variation approach for film analysis, for those films based on literary texts that have been adapted to the screen. The textual variation approach looks for the ways in which the film director modifies the original text when it is adapted into a film. The aim behind the textual variation approach is tounderstand the function of the dominant theme in both literary text and film, and scrutinise its visible or latent realistic meanings vis ii vis the structures of thought which dominated the Egyptian society of the 1940s to the 1960s. It is these structures of thought that impose on the film-makers the textual variations from novel to film. The difference in the time period when the novel was written is compared with the period when the film was produced in order to assess the present social dominant ideologies or the shifting values. Thus, the time dimension factor, together with the film-makers' own views, help us determine the internal expectations of the Egyptian society and the realistic plight of its womenfolk. To bring the concept of textual variation into application, three film case studies are considered, th e findings of which demonstrate that when textual variations or total adherence to the novel were involved, dominant ideologies were either reaffirmed, shifted or evolved according to the era of the film production.
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Leung, Man-ki. "Solitude and solidarity the history of homosexuality in France, 1940s-1980s /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3222266X.
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Lai, Victor Ming Hoi. "The influences of Taoism on postwar American abstract expressionism (1940s-1960s)." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274225.
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Leung, Man-ki, and 梁文琦. "Solitude and solidarity: the history of homosexuality in France, 1940s-1980s." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3222266X.
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Pu, Yonghao. "Secular increase in natural fertility in China from 1940s to 1980s." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1997. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2240/.
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The purpose of the study is to explore the trend in natural fertility and its components in China over half a century from the 1940s to the 1980s. One of the most important components of fertility, natural fertility and its secular rising trend in modern China, have never been systematically addressed, thus providing the scope for the present study. By fully using recent information on China's population and social development, this thesis documents and analyses the trend of natural fertility in China since the 1940s. The literature review of natural fertility and its proximate and background determinants comes as the first part after the introduction. An important methodological part of the study comes next. The main data sources are introduced, problems of applying Coale and Trussell's model are discussed and an adjusted version of the model is proposed. Finally, technical problems are also addressed, including such matters as modifying data sources to meet required measurements, assessing the limitations of estimated results, suggesting ways to avoid data truncation and so on. The major part of the thesis consists in the next four chapters, which involve a thorough demographic analysis of natural fertility levels and trends for the nation as a whole, and of different aspects such as urban-rural differentials, regional variations and educational divergences. The proximate determinants: fecundability and birth intervals, breastfeeding, primary sterility, and age at first marriage are also analyzed at length. Finally, the importance of socio-economic conditions on natural fertility change is analysed. The quantitative relationship between natural fertility and these socio-economic conditions was statistically tested and an analytical model was built, which proves to be well able to simulate the identified trends in natural fertility.
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Denis, Nancy. "Creating perfect post-war families, advice literature of the 1940s and 1950s." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ61260.pdf.
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Molloy, Tessa. "New Zealand biography in the 1940s and the 1990s : a comparative view." Thesis, University of Canterbury. History, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1769.
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The focus of this thesis is intellectual and literary history within New Zealand biography. Its central argument is that biographical writing changes over time because each era has new questions and needs concerning the intersection of history, society and individual experience which the genre of biography feeds. In order to study the changes in New Zealand biographical writing over the second half of the twentieth century, the two centennial decades of the 1940s and the 1990s have been chosen as periods of contrast, when an increase in national consciousness led to an upsurge in the writing of biography, and differences in biographical practice between the two decades were able to be identified. The topic has been divided into three main themes: biographies of 'Great Men'; biographies of 'Women Too'; and biographies of 'Significant Others'. Within each theme three biographies have been selected, one from the 1940s and two from the 1990s, and each discussed in discursive essays that delineate their main biographical concerns. The general characteristics of the biographies have then been evaluated within certain biographical principles that include: the choice and treatment of the subject, the relationship between the subject and the biographer, ethical concerns, the availability of sources, and the varieties of form. This made it possible to identify developments that took place in biographical writing between the two decades. The changes that were most evident were: an expansion in the range of subjects; greater impartiality by the biographers towards their subjects; the increase in availability of sources; the inclusion of greater detail in the fuller portrayal of a life; an increase in the professionalism of biographical writing; a conservative attitude towards the greater variety of acceptable forms. Initial assumptions were that biographical writing would develop in a straightforward manner changed by a maturing national consciousness and by trends in contemporary literary history. But it was not as simple as that. There were found to be similarities between biographies from the two decades, as well as differences. For every generalization that could be made, in this relatively small study, there were exceptions. While the selected case studies were all representative of types, all types were not represented. Nevertheless, those that were selected served to illustrate many of the changes in biographical writing in New Zealand that occurred during the fifty years under review. These changes were part of a general biographical approach that spanned a wide range of disciplines.
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He, Man. "Chinese Play-Making: Cosmopolitan Intellectuals, Transnational Stages, and Modern Drama, 1910s-1940s." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429737192.
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Cicero, Anne Hinnant Amanda. "Messages of frugality and consumption in the Ladies' Home Journal 1920s-1940s /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5345.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on December 22, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Amanda Hinnant. Includes bibliographical references.
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Jenner, Simon. "Oxford poets of the 1940s." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243010.
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Henry, Thomas Fitzgerald Kennedy. "Luca Signorelli in the 1940s." Thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243949.
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Aguilar-Rodriguez, Sandra. "Cooking modernity : food, gender and class in 1940s and 1950s Mexico City and Guanajuato." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496779.
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My research analyses modernity through women's experiences of food across class in 1940s and 1950s rural and urban Mexico. It challenges the assumption that women and private life did not play an important role in modernisation by situating women, the kitchen and its practices at the forefront of this process. Therefore, my dissertation explores modernity through women's choices of new ingredients, culinary practices, and domestic technologies; but also through nutrition discourses, policies and welfare programs. This work draws on a variety of sources such as state archives, contemporary professional journals, cookbooks, women's magazines, and interviews carried out among elderly women in Mexico City and Guanajuato.
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Stephenson, Chloë. "Italian cinema and the Soviet model : from the late 1920s to the early 1940s." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402919.
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Sikes, Michelle Marie. "Choosing to run : a history of gender and athletics in Kenya, c. 1940s - 1980s." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:27bf8bf4-6c93-4fa6-a729-ba6dc34ebd26.
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Choosing to Run: A History of Athletics and Gender in Kenya, c. 1940s – 1980s explores the history of gender and athletics in Kenya, with focus on the Rift Valley Province, from the onset of late colonial rule in the 1940s through the professionalisation of the sport during the last decades of the twentieth century. The first two empirical chapters provide a history of athletics during the colonial period. The first highlights the continuity of ideas about sport and masculinity that were developed in nineteenth century Britain and were subsequently perpetuated by the men in charge of colonial sport in Kenya. The next chapter considers how pre-colonial divisions of labour and power within Rift Valley communities informed local peoples' cultures of running. The absence of women’s running was not only the result of sexism translated from the British metropole to its Kenyan colony but also of pre-existing divisions of responsibilities of indigenous Kenyan men and women into separate, gendered domains. The second half of the thesis considers the impact of social change within women’s athletics internationally and of marriage, childbirth and education locally on female runners in the Rift Valley during the post-colonial period. Most women abandoned athletics once they reached maturity. Those who sought to do otherwise, as the final chapter argues, found that they could only do so by replicating the prototype of masculine runners that had already been established. Later, after the professionalisation of running allowed women to become wealthy, female patrons took this a step further by providing resources to those in their community in need, setting themselves up as 'Big (Wo)men'. This thesis uses athletics to reveal how gender relations and gender norms have evolved and the benefits and challenges that the sport has brought both to individual Kenyan women and their communities.
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Snoyman, Natalie. ""In to Stay" : Selling Three-Strip Technicolor and Fashion in the 1930s and 1940s." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-146279.
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This study investigates the relationship between the fashion and film industries during the classical era between the early 1930s and mid-1940s. It focuses on the three-strip Technicolor process as the binding force upon which these two industries relied in collaborations during that time and looks at technical challenges the new process presented to productions in terms of wardrobe design. Another issue explored is fashion’s role in the actual development of the three-strip process, allowing the Technicolor laboratory to improve the technology through a popular, marketable, and readily available product. Using Technicolor as a point of focus and continuity, this dissertation explores different types of productions filmed in the three-strip process, including shorts and newsreels, industrial and sponsored films, as well as feature-length films. Drawing from a wide range of archival material and a highly interdisciplinary approach, the study delves into the relationship between the fashion and film industries. While the ties between them have been strong since the advent of cinema, previous research has approached their relationship almost exclusively from a promotional perspective. Technicolor’s multifaceted affiliation with the fashion industry, however, warrants a more thorough investigation and this dissertation takes steps towards expanding that research area through a series of case studies. The first chapter provides an overview of color film methods that preceded three-strip Technicolor and outlines some of the key discourses involving color and realism. Chapter 2 addresses the intertwined relationship between the fashion and film industries through a study of fashion department in the popular fan magazine Photoplay and also examines the use of color in that publication. Chapter 3 investigates the fashion short as a vehicle for demonstrating the commercial potential of the three-strip process. It does this by examining the making and promotion of Vyvyan Donner’s Fashion Forecast series. This chapter also looks at the specific work carried out by Technicolor’s Color Control Department. Chapter 4 explores industrial and sponsored films in three-strip Technicolor for the fashion industry with an emphasis on those made to promote rayon. The second half of this chapter examines the 1930/1940 seasons of the New York World’s Fair, focusing on the presence there of Technicolor and the American rayon industry. Lastly, Chapter 5 looks at three-strip Technicolor in feature-length films by considering its collaborations with the fashion industry that took place in the classical era. This chapter also examines design considerations made regarding wardrobe in those films. The study concludes that color’s versatility made it incredibly influential on consumer culture and was key to ventures between the fashion and film industries in this era and beyond. It also ultimately demonstrates the ways in which color, fashion, and film intersected and complemented one another in terms of their aesthetic and commercial commonalities.
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Wrigley, Amanda. "Engagements with Greek drama and Homeric epic on BBC Radio in the 1940s and 1950s." Thesis, Open University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518377.
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Greene, Christina R. "'Our separate ways' : women and the Black Freedom Movement in Durham, North Carolina, 1940s-1970s." Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?res_dat=xri:ssbe&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_dat=xri:ssbe:ft:keyresource:Kerr_Diss_01.
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Flower, David John. "Survival and adaptation, an analysis of dryland farming in the 1940s and 1950s in southeast Alberta." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq21569.pdf.
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Mikkonen, Tuija. "Corporate architecture in Finland in the 1940s and 1950s : factory building as architecture, investment and image /." [Helsinki] : Finnish Acad. of Science and Letters, 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0708/2005530488.html.
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Chen, Szu-Wei. "The music industry and popular song in 1930s and 1940s Shanghai : a historical and stylistic analysis." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/202.
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In 1930s and 1940s Shanghai, musicians and artists from different cultures and varied backgrounds joined and made the golden age of Shanghai popular song which suggests the beginnings of Chinese popular music in modern times. However, Shanghai popular song has long been neglected in most works about the modern history of Chinese music and remains an unexplored area in Shanghai studies. This study aims to reconstruct a historical view of the Shanghai popular music industry and make a stylistic analysis of its musical products. The research is undertaken at two levels: first, understanding the operating mechanism of the ‘platform’ and second, investigating the components of the ‘products’. By contrasting the hypothetical flowchart of the Shanghai popular music industry, details of the producing, selling and consuming processes are retrieved from various historical sources to reconstruct the industry platform. Through the first level of research, it is found that the rising new media and the flourishing entertainment industry profoundly influenced the development of Shanghai popular song. In addition, social and political changes and changes in business practices and the organisational structure of foreign record companies also contributed to the vast production, popularity and commercial success of Shanghai popular song. From the composition-performance view of song creation, the second level of research reveals that Chinese and Western musical elements both existed in the musical products. The Chinese vocal technique, Western bel canto and instruments from both musical traditions were all found in historical recordings. When ignoring the distinctive nature of pentatonicism but treating Chinese melodies as those on Western scales, Chinese-style tunes could be easily accompanied by chordal harmony. However, the Chinese heterophonic feature was lost in the Western accompaniment texture. Moreover, it is also found that the traditional rules governing the relationship between words and the melody was dismissed in Shanghai popular songwriting. The findings of this study fill in the neglected part in modern history of Chinese music and add to the literature on the under-explored musical area in Shanghai studies. Moreover, this study also demonstrates that against a map illustrating how musical products moved from record companies to consumers along with all other involved participants, the history of popular music can be rediscovered systematically by using songs as evidence, treating media material carefully and tracking down archives and surviving participants.
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馮文基 and Man-ki Fung. "Sociologists, history, and modernity: some observations on the development of sociology in China, 1930s and 1940s." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43893223.
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Fung, Man-ki. "Sociologists, history, and modernity : some observations on the development of sociology in China, 1930s and 1940s /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12569434.
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Jones, Cherisse Renee. "Repairers of the breach black and white women and racial activism in South Carolina, 1940s-1960s /." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1060706692.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.<br>Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 256 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 247-256). Abstract available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center; full text release delayed at author's request until 2006 Aug. 12.
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Kleppinger, Stanley V. "Tonal coherence in Copland's music of the 1940s /." Abstract, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1225126531&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=12010&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Tudela, Francisco Jose. "Cuba's love affair with violence : 1940s revolutionary groups." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597093.
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According to a number of scholars, the University of Havana during the 19405 was a dangerous place to study. Scholars also argue that the city of Havana was a dangerous place to live. Gunmen seemed to loiter on the corner of every building. These gunmen were action group members. The first part of this project investigates the portrayal of both these localities and the actions groups from contemporary and modem sources. The second part of the thesis investigates the revolutionary organisations and tries to gain an insight into their workings, ideologies, and overall character. Who were these action group members? Were they revolutionaries, as they refer to themselves, or were they terrorists? A crucial component to the investigation is examining violence. Were the Cuban citizenry 'terrorised'? What are the urban violence statistics? The project looks at assassination attempts to discover whether the city and the University of Havana were truly dangerous places. The third part of the thesis attempts to uncover the reasons why the histories describe Havana and the action groups in such a manner. In other words, the investigation reviews the causes of the portrayal or mischaracterisation. The research examines the potential of source misinterpretation, bias, etc.
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Adams, Christopher David. "More alive than ever? : futurism in the 1940s." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/19110/.
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The 1940s are undoubtedly the years most neglected by scholars of Italian Futurism. The movement had long supported Fascism, but its vocal endorsement of Mussolini’s regime and its military adventures at this time is widely considered to represent Futurism’s ultimate betrayal of those ‘progressive’, counter-cultural values popularly associated with the avant-garde. For many, the movement’s apparent engagement with the forces of reaction and conservatism is reflected in the work produced by its artists throughout the war years, which is invariably presented in terms of propaganda imagery, characterised by an unchallenging and retrogressive figurative vocabulary. However, this thesis argues that the 1940s cannot be said to reveal a rupture in either the ideological or aesthetic foundations of the movement, and that common assumptions regarding the crude, rhetorical and one-dimensional nature of Futurist painting (and poetry) during this period are not necessarily borne out by the works themselves. The text also examines the movement’s status within the cultural establishment at this time. It challenges the notion that the reverberations within Italy of Nazism’s campaign against modern art during the late 1930s were irrevocably to prejudice the Fascist regime and its institutions against Futurism. Indeed, it is argued that one can no more consider the 1940s a period of decline from the point of view of the movement’s political fortunes than one can from an artistic perspective. Of course, Futurism did not survive the war. However, it is suggested that whilst the cataclysmic events of 1943-44 were to seal its fate, they also served to liberate the imaginations of Marinetti and his followers, reawakening the movement’s original, visionary spirit, and inspiring a final burst of creativity that anticipated ‘the future of Futurism’.
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Braun, Ramona. "Laparoscopy as a neo-eugenic practice, 1940s-60s." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708461.
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Suggs, Vickie Leverne. "The Production of Political Discourse: Annual Radio Addresses of Black College Presidents During the 1930s and 1940s." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/eps_diss/33.
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The social and political role of Black college presidents in the 1930s and 1940s via annual radio addresses is a relevant example of how the medium of the day was used as an apparatus for individual and institutional agency. The nationalist agenda of the United States federal government indirectly led to the opportunity for Black college leadership to address the rhetoric of democracy, patriotism, and unified citizenship. The research focuses on the social positioning of the radio addresses as well as their role in the advancement of Black Americans. The primary question that informs the research is whether the 1930s and 1940s was a period of rising consciousness for Black America. The aim of this study is to examine the significance of radio during the pre- to post-war era, its parallel use by the United States federal government and historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs), and the interrelationship between education, politics, and society. The use of social history allows historical evidence to be viewed from the lens of identifying social trends. The social trends of the period examined include the analysis of economics, politics, and education. An additional benefit of using social history is the way in which it examines the masses and how they help shape history in conjunction with the leaders of a given period of examination. The research method also entails an in-depth analysis of 14 annual radio addresses delivered by three Black college presidents in the South during the 1930s and 1940s: Mordecai W. Johnson, James E. Shepard, and Benjamin E. Mays. Common themes found among radio addresses include morality and ethical behavior; economic, political, and social equality; access and inclusion in a democratic society; and a collective commitment to a just society. Black education as a form of racial uplift unveiled the meaning of access and the collective advancement of the race. Agreeing to deliver the radio addresses as a part of government-sponsored programming resulted in an inter-racial alliance between Black college leadership and the federal government. To this end, Black college leadership operationalized their access and education to benefit the needs of their race.
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Katito, George. "Pink Atlantic : American Global Power and the Construction of Gay Identities in Paris and London (1940s-1980s)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL014.
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La construction des identités gay à Paris et à Londres depuis la fin de la deuxième guerre mondiale reflète l’ascendance du pouvoir politique, culturel, et économique états-unien et ses enjeux. Suivant l’œuvre de l’historien Alain Bérubé sur la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, ce projet de recherche part de ce moment quand des villes états-uniennes deviennent centrales aux rapports transatlantiques de savoir, capital économique, et influence culturelle. Dans ce contexte particulier, une conscience d’une identité homosexuelle masculine émerge, structurée par les échanges transatlantiques des nouveaux réseaux militants et culturels. Cela suscite résistances et adaptations. À Paris l’opposition à l’influence américaine sur la construction des identités gay se développe dans les politiques de la gauche comme celles de la droite où les deux s’accordaient curieusement sur ce sujet. Ce n’est qu’à la fin des années 70 et au début des années 80 qu’une influence états-unienne s’impose sur les identités gay de la capitale française. Les commerces américains en recherche des nouveaux marchés gay retrouvent une niche parisienne. Parallèlement, les petites entreprises parisiennes, inspirées par les modèles américains, construisent des espaces de consommation et d’acceptation de l’homosexualité masculine. L’arrivée des pratiques spatiales et comportements de consommateurs américains participe considérablement à la reconstitution des identités individuelles et collectives gay parisiennes. À Paris, comme à Londres, les identités gay se sont approprié, mais aussi ont renégocié et résisté les sémiotiques, pratiques politiques, sociales, et économiques nées dans les villes états-uniennes devenues globales, dans le sens que donne Saskia Sassen au mot<br>The construction of gay identities in Paris and London since the end of the Second World War has reflected the rise of American global political, economic, and sociocultural power. Building upon historian Alain Bérubé’s work on the Second World War, this thesis begins at this critical turning point when American cities became central to transatlantic flows of knowledge, economic capital, and cultural influence. It is within this context that a consciousness of a shared male homosexual identity began to emerge. Resistance, and adaptation, to this nascent awareness and the political activist and cultural networks that fed it, soon ensued. In Paris, the Left and Right made for strange bedfellows as they opposed the new transatlantic gay politics. As such, it would only be in the late 1970s and at the dawn of the 80s that American influence began to play a significant role in shaping gay identities in the French capital. At this point, American capital in search of new markets in Europe found an unexploited market in Paris. Furthermore, small business inspired by American models created spaces of consumption, and acceptance, for gay men. Americanized spatial practices and consumer behavior thus began to play a crucial role in the construction of individual and collective gay identities in Paris. In both Paris and London, gay identities took form as gay men appropriated, resisted ,and negotiated the symbols and political, social and economic practices of American-turned-global cities. “Global” understood in Saskia Sassen’s sense of the word
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Shin, Boram. "Between the Uzbek and the Soviet : Uzbek identity construction through Soviet culture from the 1930s to 1940s." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709314.
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Suggs, Vickie L. "The production of political discourse annual radio addresses of Black college presidents during the 1930s and 1940s /." unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07242008-220731/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.<br>Title from file title page. Philo Hutcheson, committee chair; Richard Lakes, Marybeth Gasman, Joyce King, committee members. Description based on contents viewed Nov. 13, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 159-165).
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Iturralde, Mantilla Diana. "Between New York and the Andes, Abstraction and Indigenismo: Camilo Egas's Paintings from the 1940s and 1950s." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/506052.
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Art History<br>M.A.<br>Recent studies of Andean Indigenismo and Andean abstraction tend to overlook the intersections between these two artistic trends, as well as schematize the production of artists who experimented with both. The scholarship on Ecuadorian artist Camilo Egas, for example, only focuses on his role as a precursor of Indigenismo without delving into the diverse artistic styles that intertwine in his transnational career. Such selective interest in his Indigenist production, which tends to focus on his early works from the 1910s to the 1930s in Ecuador, Paris, and the first decade in New York, might be related to the fact that his oeuvre from those periods can be clearly connected to documented developments of modern nationalist painting in the Andean region. Yet, this gap in art historical studies ignores the compelling visual experimentations that Egas undertook in the 1940s and 1950s while residing in New York. Particularly interesting is an exhibition of these works organized in Quito in 1956 by the Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, and Egas’s peculiar avant-gardist role in the country’s artistic milieu, at a time when Indigenismo, the country’s dominant aesthetic trend, was being challenged by other alternatives. In this thesis, I examine Egas’s position in-between two different contexts, cultures, and temporalities, which informed artistic experimentations and how these two contexts did not necessarily ascribe to the same ideas of modernism and art’s role in society. This thesis is based in archival research conducted both in Quito, Ecuador, and in New York. From May 2017 to February 2018 I visited several archives in public institutions and private holdings in both countries in search of the exhibited artworks, exhibition ephemera, written reviews of the work, relevant correspondence, Egas’s personal documentation of his work, and other existing academic material, to inform my research and writing.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Stokes, Helen Clare. "A study of the evolution of cardiac rehabilitation in the United Kingdom, from the 1940s to the 1990s." Thesis, University of Hull, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327183.
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Sterry, Emma. "Transgressive sexuality and cultural hierarchy : the representation of the single woman in women's fiction, 1920s to the 1940s." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2011. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=15573.
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Mulley, Corinne Ann. "Public control of the British bus industry : the origins and effects of legislation in the 1930s and 1940s." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1990. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1218/.
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This thesis is concerned with the public control of motorised passenger-carrying vehicles and the effect of control on the development of this sector of the transport industry. The thesis consists of three main sections. In the first part, the origins and implementation of the Road Traffic Act, 1930 are examined. This Act marked the beginning of public control on the bus and coach industry which was then a relatively young and rapidly growing sector of the total transport industry. The implications for road passenger transport following the nationalisation proposals introduced by the Transport Act, 1947, are examined in the second part of the thesis. The 1947 Act did not specifically provide for radical changes in the public control. However, in making provisions for nationwide Schemes for road passenger transport it lay the foundations for substantial change. This section considers the progress of these Schemes and, in particular, documents the slow progress of the first of these for North Eastern England. The final chapter brings together information from the two earlier sections and highlights the more important differences and similarities in approach of the two pieces of legislation. The main objectives of the thesis are to analyse the background and implementation of these two Acts and to place this analysis into an economic framework. The examination of each of the two Acts commences with a review of pertinent economic theory before considering the historical evidence and reaching conclusions about the relevance of economic theory in contributing to our understanding of these events. The analysis benefits from access to new source material: these include Government and Cabinet papers and information from personal interviews conducted with people working in the industry when the Acts were passed. Reference to these new primary sources, in conjunction with a more formal economic framework, has led to a new interpretation of the origins of the Road Traffic Act, 1930, and a substantially more complete knowledge of the problems involved in developing a unified system for road passenger transport under nationalisation. In addition, the provision of an economic framework permits greater analysis not only of the individual Acts but of their similarities and differences and leads to a greater understanding of the legislative process in the transport sector.
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Zhang, Liao. "Maximizing Soviet Interests in Xinjiang: The USSR’s Penetration in Xinjiang from the Mid-1930s to the Early 1940s." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338326445.
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Schonbach, Morris. "Native American Fascism during the 1930s and 1940s a study of its roots, its growth, and its decline /." New York : Garland Pub, 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/12419923.html.
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Ramos, Miguel. "Lucumí (Yoruba) Culture in Cuba: A Reevaluation (1830S -1940s)." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/966.
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The status, roles, and interactions of three dominant African ethnic groups and their descendants in Cuba significantly influenced the island’s cubanidad (national identity): the Lucumís (Yoruba), the Congos (Bantú speakers from Central West Africa), and the Carabalís (from the region of Calabar). These three groups, enslaved on the island, coexisted, each group confronting obstacles that threatened their way of life and cultural identities. Through covert resistance, cultural appropriation, and accommodation, all three, but especially the Lucumís, laid deep roots in the nineteenth century that came to fruition in the twentieth.
During the early 1900s, Cuba confronted numerous pressures, internal and external. Under the pretense of a quest for national identity and modernity, Afro-Cubans and African cultures and religion came under political, social, and intellectual attack. Race was an undeniable element in these conflicts. While all three groups were oppressed equally, only the Lucumís fought back, contesting accusations of backwardness, human sacrifice, cannibalism, and brujería (witchcraft), exaggerated by the sensationalistic media, often with the police’s and legal system’s complicity. Unlike the covert character of earlier epochs’ responses to oppression, in the twentieth century Lucumí resistance was overt and outspoken, publically refuting the accusations levied against African religions.
Although these struggles had unintended consequences for the Lucumís, they gave birth to cubanidad’s African component. With the help of Fernando Ortiz, the Lucumí were situated at the pinnacle of a hierarchical pyramid, stratifying African religious complexes based on civilizational advancement, but at a costly price. Social ascent denigrated Lucumí religion to the status of folklore, depriving it of its status as a bona fide religious complex. To the present, Lucumí religious descendants, in Cuba and, after 1959, in many other areas of the world, are still contesting this contradiction in terms: an elevated downgrade.
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Marchant, Steven. "Rebecca, Laura and Kane : the event in 1940s Hollywood." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365166.
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Raphael, Amanda-Jane. "Natural childbirth in twentieth century England : a history of alternative approaches to birth from the 1940s to the 1990s." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1601.
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It is well-established that a medical model of childbirth shaped maternity policy during the second half of the twentieth century. However, alongside this narrative of medicalised childbirth, an idea emerged that was to challenge medical hegemony in maternity care provision. In 1933 British doctor Grantly Dick-Read published his first book, Natural Childbirth, detailing his theories on pain during childbirth and its remedy. Natural childbirth was a controversial idea and was not well-received by the medical profession. Nevertheless, some women were enthusiastic about the nonmedical approach suggested by Dick-Read and by the 1950s natural childbirth was recognised as a distinct method of coping with the rigours of labour and birth. The term later became synonymous with a range of alternative ideas about the management of childbirth. Such ideas were disseminated through literature advising women about childbirth, and through antenatal education, which aimed to inform, enlighten and empower childbearing women. Childbirth alternatives were consistently regarded with scepticism and the medical establishment remained critical of them. Midwifery was surprisingly ambivalent, given that it shared some of its core values with the principles of natural childbirth. Nevertheless, a vocal minority continued to enthuse about childbirth alternatives, and a handful of consumer organisations committed to promoting them emerged. By the 1970s and 1980s, a backlash against medicalised childbirth in contemporary Britain provided a platform for such organisations to push their agenda even further. Natural childbirth discourse provided the means to express dissatisfaction with the medical system of childbirth; it also helped to give form to disillusionment with contemporary maternity services by shaping expectations. By the late 1980s, policy makers attempted to address the groundswell of discontent amongst childbearing women by alluding to childbirth alternatives and offering a choice of services. Still, as their shared history suggests, the relationship between the medical and natural models of childbirth remained complex and littered with paradoxes.
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Göransdotter, Maria. "A Home for Modern Life : Educating Taste in 1940s Sweden." Umeå universitet, Institutionen Designhögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-68869.
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This paper focuses on how interior decoration and taste was seen and taught in relation to the vision of the ideal home in 1940s Sweden. Two phenomena that are focused on are surveys of how people actually lived, and the attempts made to alter that way of living. The activities of Svenska Slöjdföreningen (SSF, the Swedish Society of Industrial Design) is used as a prism for discerning the discourse on domestic interior reform, and the study consists of a close reading and analysis based on archival material and publications linked to SSF. Part of the archival material consists of survey protocols and photograph, of Swedish homes, from a survey into “dwelling habits” initiated by the Association of Swedish Architects (SAR) and the SSF. In the late 1930s and early 1940s, these kinds of surveys were made in order to analyse the standard of living, and the usage of homes and furniture with the aim to find adequate ways of building better housing, of producing better furniture, and of educating people to be more modern and enlightened consumers and home-makers. Based on these findings, courses were given on how to furnish and decorate the home. Through courses in how to furnish and decorate the home, the ideal home was to become real. I mean that the concept of “taste” was almost as important as the concept of “home” in the vision of what modern Swedish society should be like, but that manifesting “good taste” in the home in the 1940s meant something more than merely creating an aesthetically pleasing or beautiful interior. Taste was, above all, seen as an indicator of the degree of modernity and social awareness of people.
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Coppel, Eva Parrondo. "Mapping textual surfaces : psychoanalytic theory, subjectivity, and 1940s Hollywood cinema." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341714.
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Tanaka, Elder Kôei Itikawa. "Inimigos públicos em Hollywood: estratégias de contenção e ruptura em dois filmes de gângster dos anos 1930-1940." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8147/tde-29082016-114306/.
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O objetivo dessa tese é investigar de que maneira Little Caesar (Mervyn Leroy, 1931) e Force of Evil (Abraham Polonsky, 1947) registram, dentro do gênero gângster, questões como a Depressão na década de 1930, e o macarthismo na década de 1940, ao mesmo tempo em que estabelecem homologias estruturais entre o crime organizado e o mundo dos negócios. Tais questões surgem nesses dois filmes por força da matéria histórica envolvida nas condições de produção. Nossa tese é de que os filmes configuram, em diferentes medidas, estratégias de representação da matéria histórica apesar das tentativas de seu apagamento, como a censura e o macarthismo.<br>The aim of this thesis is to analyze how Little Caesar (Mervyn Leroy, 1931) and Force of Evil (Abraham Polonsky, 1947) portray, in the gangster genre, historically relevant questions such as the Great Depression in the 1930s and McCarthyism in the 1940s, while establishing structural homologies between organized crime and the business world. These themes arise in both films due to the strength of the historical substance implicated in the conditions of production. Our thesis is that these films depict, in different proportions, strategies of representation of the historical substance in spite of attempts to suppress it, such as censorship and McCarthyism.
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Sanmanee, Sirichai. "Use of GIS to Identify and Delineate Areas of Fluoride, Sulfate, Chloride, and Nitrate Levels in the Woodbine Aquifer, North Central Texas, in the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2869/.
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ArcView and ArcInfo were used to identify and delineate areas contaminated by fluoride, sulfate, chloride, and nitrate in the Woodbine Aquifer. Water analysis data were obtained from the TWDB from the 1950s to 1990s covering 9 counties. 1990s land use data were obtained to determine the relationship with each contaminant. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to calculate relationships between variables. Land uses had little effect on distributions of contaminants. Sulfate and fluoride levels were most problematic in the aquifer. Depth and lithology controlled the distributions of each contaminant. Nitrate patterns were controlled mainly by land use rather than geology, but were below the maximum contaminant level. In general, contaminant concentrations have decreased since the 1950s.
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Redfern, Sophie M. "The Bernstein-Robbins ballets of the 1940s : sources, genesis and reception." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5682/.
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