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Journal articles on the topic '1971 Bangladeshi Liberation war'

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Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Mohaiemen, Naeem. "A Looking Glass War: Bangladesh’s Pendulum-swing Liberation War Cinema." BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies 16, no. 1 (2025): 48–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/09749276251338868.

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The 1971 war that imploded Pakistan’s ‘two-wing’ geography and created Bangladesh out of the former East Pakistan wing is a foundational event within Bangladesh’s national narrative. Anniversaries, monuments and cultural productions codify the war’s milestones and protagonists. South Asian cinema has attempted a ‘national imagination’ in various forms since 1947 – sometimes loyal to boundaries created by partition, at other times trying to create subnational (e.g., ‘Bengali’ within ‘Indian’) identities. Bangladeshi cinema has also attempted to build up a national identity through an initial ce
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2

Samimuddin, Khan. "Contribution of Women in the Formation of Bangladesh: A Critical Appraisal on Tahmima Anam's novels A Golden Age and The Good Muslim." Akademos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Literary and Culture Studies II, I (January, 2022) (2022): 93–100. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6446673.

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Abstract The 1971 Bangladeshi Liberation war is one of the most significant and phenomenal event in the history of twentieth century Indian subcontinent. This bloodstained historical event constantly lingers in the minds of Bangladeshi people while constructing the Bangladeshi sense of nationalism. Till today, the Liberation war has been in the centre of attention in both national and international media. It has been depicted in various mediums both in home and abroad. And in the traditional history of war and in the formation of any nation, women have always been depicted as passively exploit
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3

Danish, Ehsanullah, and Munawar Iqbal Ahmed. "PLURALITY OF HISTORIES: NATIONAL DISCURSIVE NARRATIVES ABOUT 1971 WAR." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 05, no. 02 (2023): 500–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v5i02.1101.

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The research article is based on new historicist technique and presents a comparison of the ‘national narratives of Pakistan and Bangladesh’ about 1971 war embodying the theme of secession. Therefore, for current research work, the ‘literary and non-literary texts[1]’ of both Pakistani and Bangladeshi writers have been selected. These representative texts about the discourse of separation and liberation, and 1971 war present dissimilar and opposing ‘national narratives’ about the whole event and 1971 war. This contrastive comparative textual analysis has helped the researcher to note and recor
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4

Adhikari, Kaustubh, Nazmul Islam, and Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman Jalal. "Death toll among the Bangladeshi refugees of the 1971 war." PLOS ONE 20, no. 4 (2025): e0320760. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320760.

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Bangladesh achieved its independence in 1971 through a violent liberation war. To avoid persecution by the Pakistani army, 9.9 million Bangladeshi refugees escaped to India. Medicine and food supplies to these camps were not adequate to meet the necessities of such a large population of refugees. Therefore, poor condition of these camps resulted in a higher death rate among the refugees than the peacetime death rate of Bangladeshis. This paper reviews reported death tolls in several refugee camps in India as published in newspapers and peer-reviewed journals. Extrapolating these figures, we es
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Bulbul, Afroza, and Shyamika Jayasundara-Smits. "Subverting war narrative in the purview of gender justice: Analysing Bishkanta (2015): A Liberation War documentary from Bangladesh." Studies in South Asian Film & Media 14, no. 1 (2022): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/safm_00054_1.

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This article analyses how a Bangladeshi documentary film Bishkanta (The Poison Thorn) () directed by a feminist and cultural activist Farzana Boby negotiates the gendered war narrative of Bangladesh and how the film is being used as an enabling platform for the Birangonas (‘war-raped women’) to express their long-time endured suffering and outrage. The Liberation War of Bangladesh (1971) is amongst the most represented themes in Bangladeshi media culture. However, feminist scholars have been critical about the gender blindness of the depictions, with women’s experiences encoded only as victims
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Rukunuddin Shaikh. "Formation of Identity through the Presentation of Motherhood in Tahmima Anam’s A Golden Age." Creative Launcher 6, no. 4 (2021): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2021.6.4.31.

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Tahmima Anam is the first Bangladeshi novelist in English who draws international attention to the Liberation war of 1971 of Bangladesh through the publication of her first novel A Golden Age in 2007. The Liberation war is replete with the incident of genocide, rape, inhuman torture, abductions etc. The war has instilled a kind of horror into the psyche of Bangladeshi people. During the war the Muslim majority of people of East Pakistan are in an acute identity crisis. Pakistan was formed on the basis of religion Islam. But even religion cannot unite the two wings of Pakistan. Therefore people
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7

Sanaullah, Md, Abul Bashar, and Sabina Yesmin Lima. "Indian Narrative Setting of 1971 War: A Cinematic Memory Study." Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Science 2, no. 2 (2025): 204–13. https://doi.org/10.69739/jahss.v2i2.721.

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Cinema acts as a soft power to narrate the story to the people irrespective of age and nationality. It is also a powerful tool to spread propaganda. In south Asia the Indian film industry is a very stronghold for making powerful cinema. They often compose cinema on historical events and narrate the story which they want to disseminate. Sometimes this narration of events creates distortion of historiography. In this study we examine carefully how the Indian films tell the story of the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. We have used three Indian films for this study: Pippa, Children of War, and Gun
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8

DasGupta, Soham. "Anti-Indian factions in Bangladeshi Politics (1971 – 2014): A Brief Survey." ENSEMBLE 2, no. 2 (2021): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37948/ensemble-2020-0202-a013.

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India played an active role in the liberation war of Bangladesh in 1971. The relation between the two countries remained cordial in the initial years but it soon soured with the coup d’etat of 1975. This also marked the rise of the anti-Indian elements in the Bangladeshi politics. This article makes a brief survey of anti- Indian elements that has remained a part and parcel of the political fabric of Bangladesh since 1971. It also looks into the ways in which the anti-India stance has been instrumental in garnering popular support to hold on to political power. The article begins with the back
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9

Biswas, Sanjib Kr, and Priyanka Tripathi. "The Blame Game: War and Violence in Dilruba Z. Ara’s <I>Blame</I>." Asiatic: IIUM Journal of English Language and Literature 12, no. 1 (2018): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/asiatic.v12i1.1208.

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Contemporary studies pertaining to the 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh by South Asian women writers have ignited reinvestigation into the intensity of violence, rape and attribution of blame. Ethnicity based gendered violence in 1971 and the sudden shift in the attribution of the blame are some of the issues that have also been dealt with by a few Bangladeshi diasporic women novelists such as Tahmima Anam and Dilruba Z. Ara in their post-2000 novels written in English. Dilruba Z. Ara, a Swedish-Bangladeshi novelist, in her novel Blame (2015) emphasises that the blame game is a significant re
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10

Islam Khan, Mohammad Zahidul. "The Geopolitical Dimension of 21st November 1971 Celebrated as the Armed Forces Day of Bangladesh." Journal of Governance, Security & Development 5, no. 2 (2025): 1–28. https://doi.org/10.52823/ehee2355.

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The combined offensive of 21 November 1971 – now celebrated as Bangladesh’s Armed Forces Day—marked India’s first overt military engagement in support of Bangladesh’s ongoing Liberation War, which was intensified following the attack. However, India opted for a ‘strategic pause’ until December 3. This paper explores India’s compulsions for the pause, Pakistan’s reactions, and the significance of the military offensive from Bangladesh's perspective through a geopolitical lens. Examining relevant official records of the United Nations, the Indian Lok Sabha and Bangladesh’s provincial government,
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11

Maksudul Shadat Akash, Md Abdullah-Al-Mueed, and Abedur Rahman Rabbani. "From liberation to global presence: The journey of Bangladeshi national identity over five decades." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 25, no. 1 (2025): 314–20. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2025.25.1.4042.

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This paper explores the evolution of Bangladeshi national identity over five decades, tracing its journey from the liberation movement of 1971 to its current global presence. Rooted in the ideals of linguistic and cultural sovereignty, Bangladesh's national identity has been shaped by key historical events, socio-political transformations, and economic advancements. The paper examines the impact of the Bengali Language Movement, the Liberation War, and post-independence challenges, including political instability and the tension between secularism and religious nationalism. The role of globali
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12

Shuchi, Israt Jahan, and A. B. M. Shafiqul Islam. "Reading Allen Ginsberg’s September on Jessore Road: An Attempt to Ruminate over the Horrific Reminiscences of the Liberation War of Bangladesh." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 10, no. 1 (2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.10n.1p.41.

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Allen Ginsberg’s ‘September on Jessore Road’ captures the blood-stained history of the creation of Bangladesh through highlighting the unflinching struggle of the Bangladeshi people and their appalling plight that they went through during the country’s war of independence in 1971. This poem mainly reports on Ginsberg’s visit to the refugee camps located in the bordering areas of Jessore of Bangladesh and Kolkata of India in mid-September, 1971. Those camps sheltered millions of Bengalis who fled their homes fearing persecution and violence inflicted by the Pakistani occupation forces during th
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13

Mohammad, Anisuzzaman1, and Ar Rashid Mamun Harun. "The Liberation War of Bangladesh: Emergence of Nationalism in the Political Context." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 05, no. 3 (2022): 889–903. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6361888.

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The age of the Bengali liberation war has crossed almost five decades. The political, social, economic, and cultural background of the liberation war of 1971 and the emergence of independent Bangladesh is huge and varied in the form of canvas. So, this current study titled &quot;The Liberation War of Bangladesh: Emergence of Nationalism in the Political Context&quot; aims to investigate in what context have the common people, including military, paramilitary, political, administrative and business people, come together at the same point to demand independence? Following that, the study deals w
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14

Sarkar, Sagor, and Sadiqa Jissan Nabila. "Scars of the Battlefield: Analyzing the Psychological Impact of War on Women in Humayun Ahmed’s Jochna O Jononir Golpo." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 7, no. 1 (2025): 195–206. https://doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v7i1.1954.

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The Bangladeshi Liberation War of 1971 is significantly celebrated and remembered as it marks the indelible history in the lives of the people who sacrificed their existence physically, emotionally, and mentally for the love of their motherland. In this context, Jochna O Jononir Golpo's (2004) is a widely read narrative as it offers a poignant depiction of the chaos of war from a bird's-eye perspective. The title translates to “The Story of Moonlight and Motherhood,” where the moon stands for a metaphor of beauty in Asian literature and shares a great similarity with motherhood embracing the w
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15

Alam, Shah. "BANGLADESH-INDIA RELATIONS: TRENDS AND CHALLENGES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 12 (2020): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i12.2019.318.

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The smooth relationship between Bangladesh and India is essential for these two neighboring countries as the relationship between the two countries is historical. The relations between the two countries are also highly significant for the international relations of South Asia. The good relations between these countries originated since the liberation war of Bangladesh in 1971. Seemingly, the good relations between them have been prevailing and continuing since the independence of Bangladesh. However, the relations between Bangladesh and India has been complicated and intricate. The historical
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Md., Shah Alam. "BANGLADESH-INDIA RELATIONS: TRENDS AND CHALLENGES." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 7, no. 12 (2019): 243–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3597672.

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The smooth relationship between Bangladesh and India is essential for these two neighboring countries as the relationship between the two countries is historical. The relations between the two countries are also highly significant for the international relations of South Asia. The good relations between these countries originated since the liberation war of Bangladesh in 1971. Seemingly, the good relations between them have been prevailing and continuing since the independence of Bangladesh. However, the relations between Bangladesh and India has been complicated and intricate. The historical
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17

Billah, Maruf. "Non-retroactivity in Prosecuting Crimes against Humanity and International Crimes Tribunal Bangladesh." Journal of Politics and Law 13, no. 3 (2020): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v13n3p180.

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The International Crimes Tribunal Bangladesh (ICTB) was set up by Bangladesh through the adaptation of the International Crimes Tribunal Act 1973, as an internal mechanism trying to prosecute and punish Bangladeshi perpetrators who committed international crimes in Bangladesh liberation war in 1971. After a long disappearance from the public eye, the Tribunal was reemerged in 2010. The recent cases decided by the Tribunal have revealed that the international crimes; namely, crimes against humanity, were allegedly committed in 1971, while the relevant Statute was enacted in 1973, and was implem
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18

Sharma, Vaasu. "India’s 1971 Intervention :." Jindal Journal of International Affairs 2, no. 5 (2021): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54945/jjia.v2i5.79.

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Just War tradition is used to morally evaluate the warfare which nations wage against each other. This paper aims to employ Just War principles to the 1971 IndiaPakistan war, that witnessed humanitarian intervention by India in East Pakistan which later became Bangladesh. Whether Indian intervention during 1971 Bangladesh liberation war fulfils the criteria of ‘just’ humanitarian intervention? This paper aims to investigate this related question by examining India’s intervention in East Pakistan from the perspective of Just War Theory principles. The paper initially explains the theoretical co
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19

Rahman, H. M. Mostafizur, and Syadani Riyad Fatema. "YOUTH’S PERCEPTION ON THE SPIRIT AND ACHIEVEMENT OF THE 1971 LIBERATION WAR OF BANGLADESH: A QUALITATIVESTUDY." EPH - International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 3, no. 4 (2018): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v3i4.66.

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Bangladesh as a nation state is yet struggling to ensure full rights for the citizens since its independence in1971, which was achievedby the dint of killing about 3 million lives, raping2,00,000 women, and displacing 10 million people. This country hadto face severalmilitary interventions throughits democratic journey rombirth. Therefore, thedemocratic process has been hampered and did not flourish on its natural flow. In addition, the extremist Islamic political parties (who played a predominantly antagonistic role during the 1971 liberation war) also continued their backdoor politics agains
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20

Ahmed, Toufik, and ASM Ibnul Hasan Even. "Bangabandhu’s Bangladesh Foreign Policy." Journal of Knowledge Learning and Science Technology ISSN: 2959-6386 (online) 2, no. 3 (2023): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.60087/jklst.vol2.n3.p52.

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In the intricate milieu of the Cold War, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the architect of Bangladesh, played a pivotal role in shaping the foreign policy of the newly independent nation following the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971, which was of utmost importance in establishing Bangladesh's identity and securing international recognition. This article investigates the foreign policy of Bangladesh during the tenure of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman through the perspective of International Relations. However, Bangabandhu's foreign policy efforts and activities have been assessed utilizi
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21

Chadha, Vivek. "Politico-Military Strategy of the Bangladesh Liberation War, 1971." Strategic Analysis 45, no. 6 (2021): 660–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09700161.2021.2001279.

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22

Nishat, Nusrat Jahan, and Mohammad Pizuar Hossain. "1971 Killing of the ‘Bengali’ Intellectuals: An Analysis from the Perspective of the 1948 Genocide Convention." Contemporary Challenges: The Global Crime, Justice and Security Journal 3 (September 28, 2022): 4–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ccj.v3.7075.

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The lessons of the history of past genocidal incidents expose that the educated and the leaders, collectively called ‘intellectuals’, have often been a distinct target by the perpetrators. Bengali intellectuals were also targeted and killed by the Pakistani military and its local collaborators during the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. As the Bangladesh genocide, committed by the Pakistani military and its local collaborators, is still internationally overlooked, the issue of killing the Bengali intellectuals during such genocide has not obtained much attention. This study identifies the killi
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23

Sohag, G. M. "WOMEN’S HEROIC CONTRIBUTION IN BANGLADESH WAR OF LIBERATION VIS-A-VIS PRESERVING THE HISTORY: AN APPRAISAL." International Journal of Business, Social and Scientific Research 11, no. 1 (2023): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.55706/ijbssr11109.

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Bangladesh appeared on the world map in 1971 after a nine-month-long bloody war. The brave participation of women in Bangladesh's independence war is undeniable. The study was conducted to document the participation of women and their contribution in the Liberation War. Primary and secondary sources are searched from June 2016 to January 2022. A general perception prevails among us that war means physical fighting and exchange of gunshots, bullets etc. But in reality, many other people indirectly help the fighters stand against the enemy in a war. Similarly, most of the women in Bangladesh par
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Akram, Tanweer. "A Critical Assessment of Gary Bass’s The Blood Telegram." Journal of Bangladesh Studies 23, no. 2 (2021): 18–24. https://doi.org/10.1163/27715086-02302004.

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Gary Bass’s The Blood Telegram narrates the historical and geopolitical backdrop to Bangladesh’s war of national liberation, drawing on documents from U.S. and Indian archives, including the White House tapes, diplomatic cables, and papers of senior functionaries. Bass’s research exposes the criminality of the Nixon Administration’s tilt toward Pakistan Army’s brutal repression of the Bengalis, and chronicles that, while the US diplomats in Dhaka, such as Consul General Archer Blood, were remitting real-time assessments of ongoing massacres, ethnic cleansing, and political repression to the St
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VAN SCHENDEL, WILLEM. "A War Within a War: Mizo rebels and the Bangladesh liberation struggle." Modern Asian Studies 50, no. 1 (2015): 75–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x15000104.

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AbstractIn 1971 a war led to the creation of Bangladesh. Instantly three narratives sprang up: the war as a national triumph, the war as betrayal and shame, and the war as a glorious campaign. Today more layered interpretations are superseding these ‘first-generation narratives’. Taking the case of insurgents from neighbouring India who, against their will, became embroiled in the war, this article seeks to contribute to ‘second-generation narratives’ that challenge the historiographical apportioning of blame and the national/ethnic framing of the conflict. The article uses hitherto-unpublishe
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Stevens, Rachel. "Humanitarianism from the Suburbs: Australian Refugee Relief and Activism during the 1971 Bangladeshi Liberation War." Australian Journal of Politics & History 65, no. 4 (2019): 566–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12622.

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27

Hasan, Mehabub, Firoz Al Mamun, Ruhul Amin, Hafizul Islam, and Monirul Islam. "United Nations Security Council’s Role in the Liberation War of Bangladesh: Critical Analysis." Pancasila International Journal of Applied Social Science 2, no. 01 (2023): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.59653/pancasila.v2i01.336.

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Bangladeshis began their fight for independence on March 26, 1971, as a response to Pakistani rule that was unfair to their race and treated them like a colony within their own country. Between the start of the Liberation War and November, the UNO's main job was to provide aid and support for civilians. When India and Pakistan went to war on December 3 over the Liberation War, the UN Security Council got very busy. The Security Council met nonstop during this time and discussed many ideas and counter-proposals. Two superpowers of this time, USA and the Soviet Union, took opposing positions in
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Ranjan, Amit. "Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971: Narratives, Impacts and the Actors." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 72, no. 2 (2016): 132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928416637921.

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Islam, Shahinul. "Bangladeshi Politicians, the People, and Whataboutism." Crossings: A Journal of English Studies 9 (August 1, 2018): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.59817/cjes.v9i.104.

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Whataboutism is a logical fallacy used to discredit an opponent’s claim by deflecting it to something else. In the present world the practice of whataboutism, an old phenomenon, spreads like a disease and it is the disease that is contagious. In the present world, whataboutism sees its distinct manifestation in the speech of Donald Trump, the present American president, and many others. To cut the ground from under the feet of their opponents, some Bangladeshi politicians, like Trump, use this whataboutism without paying proper attention to the effects of it in the long course of the country w
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Sitara, Sania. "WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN THE LIBERATION WAR: ROLE OF THREE WOMEN FROM DHAKA MEDICAL COLLEGE." Arts Faculty Journal 13, no. 18 (2024): 21–40. https://doi.org/10.62296/afj131820222023002.

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The best achievement of the Bengali nation is the establishment of the independent, sovereign Bangladesh state through the great Liberation War of 1971. A nation like Bangladesh was established through a bloody armed war lasting nine months. In this great independence struggle of Bangladesh, women also made a heroic contribution. Although men played an important role in the war of liberation, there is no opportunity to deny the contribution of women. The participation of women as well as men is highly commendable. However, the contribution of women in the history of this war in our country doe
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Roy, Anupam Debashis. "Shahbag Stolen? Third Force Dynamics and Electoral Politics in Bangladesh." South Asia Research 38, no. 3_suppl (2018): 1S—24S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262728018791698.

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The Shahbag Movement, demanding capital punishment for war criminals of the 1971 liberation war in Bangladesh, emerged in February 2013 in Dhaka. This youth-led grassroots movement erupted in response to infuriating establishment party politics as a populist third force, wanting closure to the painful memories of Bangladesh’s freedom struggle by seeking justice for the atrocities of 1971. However, perceived as siding with secular forces, Shahbag became instantly embroiled in adversarial party politics and appears to have been hijacked, as is argued here, by both major political parties of Bang
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Rahman, Jyoti, and Asif Yusuf. "Economic Growth in Bangladesh: Experience and Policy Priorities." Journal of Bangladesh Studies 12, no. 1 (2010): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1163/27715086-01201002.

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The Liberation War of 1971 destroyed about a fifth of Bangladesh’s economy, and the post-war dislocations left the country on a slow growth trajectory for better part of two decades. Then the economy accelerated from 1990, driven by a turnaround in the growth of multi-factor productivity. We identify factors that inhibit another growth spurt: low levels of human capital; poor infrastructure; market failures specific to individual industries; low levels of international trade; corruption; and cumbersome regulations. Of these, we consider tackling infrastructure bottlenecks, promoting trade, and
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Liton Chakraborty Mithun. "The Female Body as a Site of Patriarchal Power Play:." Crossings: A Journal of English Studies 15, no. 1 (2024): 136–50. https://doi.org/10.59817/cjes.v15i1.545.

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The female body has been a gendered space upon which patriarchy plays out its power dynamics. The making, re-making and unmaking of the female body has remained a subject to wishes and whims of men. In most cases, women are denied agency and freedom over their bodies. Men have exerted their power on the female body in the form of subjugation, repression, oppression, and exploitation.Hence, rape and all forms of sexual assault on women and girls in the context of a war can be considered a patriarchal tool to assert the dominance of the attacking party and demoralize the community under attack.
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Fakir, Adnan M. S. "Footprints of War and Famine: Intrauterine and Inter-generational Effects of the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War and the 1974 Bengal Famine." Journal of Bangladesh Studies 19, no. 1-2 (2017): 32–44. https://doi.org/10.1163/27715086-0190102005.

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This study utilizes the 1971 Bangladesh liberation war and the subsequent 1974 Bengal famine as a "double hit" design to estimate their impact on the health status of intrauterine birth cohorts. As a novel attempt, the study also investigates whether such "health legacy" is passed onto the next generation. By addressing the selection problem via Heckman two-step estimation and using the rich 1996 Matlab Health and Socioeconomic Survey (MHSS), the study finds that individuals born or conceived during the war, who faced the subsequent famine, had lower health outcomes compared to non-shock expos
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35

Ahmad, Nasir. "The Situation of the Dhaka University Campus during the Liberation War of Bangladesh." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Humanities 69, no. 2 (2024): 203–21. https://doi.org/10.3329/jasbh.v69i2.78648.

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Operation Searchlight was a brutal, planned military operation carried out by the Pakistan army on 25th March 1971. It signified the beginning of Bangladesh's Liberation War. The operation was deployed simultaneously throughout the province. Their main target was the provincial capital, Dhaka. One of their primary targeted places in Dhaka was the University of Dhaka (DU) Campus.It is estimated that around 4000 to 6000 were killed in Dhaka cityduring Operation Searchlight. Among them, around 300 were killed inside the DU campus.Operation Searchlight killing destroyed the academic situation of t
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Acharjee, Sushrita. "The Poetics of Borderlands: Reflections on Oral Folk Poetry from Assam’s Barak Valley during Bangladesh Liberation War." IAFOR Journal of Arts & Humanities 10, no. 1 (2023): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/ijah.10.1.09.

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In 1971, the civil war in the Pakistani state and consequent genocide in present Bangladesh (erstwhile East Pakistan) led to a great influx of refugees who were desperately crossing the porous borderlands of the eastern states of India. Despite the abject living conditions in the saturated refugee camps and the stringent regimentation of the youth camps and muktijoddhā (Liberation Warrior) training sectors in West Bengal, Tripura and Assam borderlands, the space inhabited by the refugees was charged with powerful national imaginaries laced with an eclectic blend of emotions – resistance, hope,
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O'Mahoney, Joseph. "Making the Real: Rhetorical Adduction and the Bangladesh Liberation War." International Organization 71, no. 2 (2017): 317–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818317000054.

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AbstractDo normative arguments change what political actors do and if so, how? Rather than using the pure force of abstract moral reasoning, states often try to move the locus of contestation to an arena where they can make practical progress—the evidence or the empirical facts in support of their argument. This paper analyzes how states try to bolster their position first by constructing an argument in which an action represents part of their argument and then by performing that action to make the argument seem more convincing. I call this mechanism rhetorical adduction. The paper challenges
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Hafsa, Bibi. "Women Freedom Fighters during the Liberation War of Bangladesh in 1971: A Geographical Inquiry." Advances in Historical Studies 10, no. 04 (2021): 233–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ahs.2021.104015.

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39

Linton, Suzannah. "Completing the Circle: Accountability for the Crimes of the 1971 Bangladesh War of Liberation." Criminal Law Forum 21, no. 2 (2010): 191–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10609-010-9119-8.

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40

Dutta, Dr Sagarika. "Traumatic History and Transcultural Memory: A Reading of Numair Atif Choudhury’s Babu Bangladesh in the context of Nation formation." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 7, no. 1 (2022): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.71.39.

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In the age of interdisciplinary studies Literary and Memory Studies is an emerging field of interest to young scholars and researchers. The manner in which Memory Studies interlink across various disciplines as history, geography, literature, psychology is worthy of exploring. Cultural memory entails convergence of fields such as cultural history, social psychology, media archaeology, political philosophy, comparative literature and relate past to the present. It is bifocal in nature since it leads to both remembering and forgetting. There are diverse ways in which Memory studies can be locate
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41

Aminul Karim, M. "Bangladesh-India Relations: Some Recent Trends." Journal of Bangladesh Studies 11, no. 2 (2009): 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1163/27715086-01102004.

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India’s contribution towards Bangladesh’s War of Liberation in 1971 was critical to the latter’s birth. But the events that followed the liberation of Bangladesh did not result in the continuance of cordial relations, as hoped, between these two countries. There are a few fundamental issues between India and Bangladesh, such as land and maritime boundary demarcations, the sharing of waters from 54 common rivers, informal trade, transnational crime, and interference in internal affairs that have adversely affected their relationship. On an optimistic note, however, interpersonal relations and c
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42

Saikia, Yasmin. "Beyond the Archive of Silence: Narratives of Violence of the 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh." History Workshop Journal 58, no. 1 (2004): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hwj/58.1.275.

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43

Haider, Shawkat Ara, Md Titu Miah, Rahnuma Jarrin, and Mohammad Ashik Imran Khan. "Assessment of the Ability to Perform Activities of Daily Living: A Study Among Freedom Fighters in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin 46, no. 3 (2021): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v46i3.52253.

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Background: Bangladesh got its glorious victory of independence in 1971 from Pakistan after nine months of the liberation war. After 47 years, freedom fighters are in geriatric age. Objective: The study was aimed to assess the ability to perform daily living activities among the Freedom fighters of Bangladesh. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study and a mixed-method qualitative and quantitative. It was conducted from December 2017 to May 2018. A total of 153 freedom fighters who actively participated in the Liberation War were randomly selected from eight Bangladesh divisions. The Sami-struc
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সাহা, মিঠুন কুমার. "সুন্দরবনের জল ও জঙ্গলে বাংলাদেশের মুক্তিযুদ্ধ: নব্য-নির্ধারণবাদী বিশ্লেষণ". Arts Faculty Journal 13, № 18 (2024): 145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.62296/kop20241318009.

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In the Liberation War of Bangladesh, its geographical features were influential in many ways on the activities of the freedom fighters and their opposing forces. This is even more true in the case of the liberation war of the Sundarbans in water and jungle. In June 1971, Under Lt. Ziauddin's leadership, freedom fighter bases were established inside the Sundarbans. The group is organised in the deep forest, accepting and in some cases overcoming the various obstacles of nature. Using the natural obstacles to their advantage, they again engaged the Pakistani troops and their allied forces in the
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45

Hossain, Md Munir, Mollah Mesbahuddin Ahmed, and Amirul Islam. "Application of Analytical Hierarchy Process and Game Theory in Military Decision-Making: A Perspective of Bangladesh Liberation War." BUP Journal 11, no. 02 (2025): 1–23. https://doi.org/10.63888/bj/chsr/24a/anhp.

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Game Theory provides a mathematical framework for evaluating the decision-making processes and strategies of competing players in adversarial conditions. Military decision-making involves developing plans and assessing the resources by commanders and their staff. Consulting the rationale behind the study is one of the principles of the mission analysis process. In this article, a military decision-making problem has been analyzed using a combined approach based on game theory and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The payoff matrix is established using Cantwell's Ten-Step method to determ
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Hafsa, Bibi. "Exploring Geographical Factors for the Formation of Sector Boundaries of the Liberation War of Bangladesh 1971." Advances in Historical Studies 09, no. 04 (2020): 190–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ahs.2020.94017.

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47

Huq, A. B. M. Monirul, and Md Firoz Mahmud Ahsan. "Text and Context:." Crossings: A Journal of English Studies 7 (December 1, 2016): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.59817/cjes.v7i.162.

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The poor living conditions of the internally displaced people of Bangladesh at the Indian refugee camps during the months of the war of liberation in 1971 struck a deep chord with the philanthropic western minds, a handful of whom came in person to visit these camps. One of these people was the poet Allen Ginsberg, who, unlike a typical social worker, felt compelled within to address the global consciousness in an idiosyncratic way. Ginsberg’s “September on Jessore Road” was recited and sung by the poet himself in the tradition of the blues; but it counts more for its detailed account of the s
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Pandey, Ankit Kumar. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH, TRADE PATTERNS, AND BILATERAL COOPERATION OF INDO-BANGLA ECONOMY." BSSS Journal of Commerce 16, no. 1 (2024): 56–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.51767/joc1605.

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This research project delves into the intricate economic relationship between India and Bangladesh, two nations with shared historical legacies and divergent growth trajectories. It aims to analyse the economic dynamics, trade patterns, and bilateral cooperation that have shaped their interactions in the South Asian region. India’s emergence as a major global economy with a diverse industrial base and technological advancements contrasts with Bangladesh’s remarkable transformation, particularly in its textile and manufacturing sectors. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quan
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Reza, S. M. Ali. "Fifty Years of Bangladesh-Japan Relations: Japan’s Contribution to the Freedom Struggle of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Political Science Review 15, no. 1 (2022): 82–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.57074/vcfg2663.

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The year 2022 marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Bangladesh and Japan. Japan was one of the first countries to recognize Bangladesh officially, on 10 th February 1972, fewer than two months after the latter gained independence. This article investigates the great assistance that Japan extended to Bangladesh at this crucial juncture in its history, while also exploring several new insights into Japan’s contribution to the freedom struggle in 1971. The widespread support and cooperation of the Japanese people towards Bangladesh during its resistance a
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Adil, Md Sharifur Rahman. "Policing Ethics: Context Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 11, no. 1 (2020): 10–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v11i1.49192.

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The police are one of the most powerful and important forces for any country. The main task of the police is to install a sense of security in the ordinary citizens and to protect their life and property when they are in danger. Bangladeshi Police have a glorious past with tremendous achievement. Especially in our great liberation war in 1971, they played an important role in achieving our liberation. Eliminating terrorism &amp; militancy and others several operation that leads with the risk of their life. But there are still a lot of accusations against the police force. Like- abusing of powe
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