Academic literature on the topic '1988-2013'
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Journal articles on the topic "1988-2013"
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Fannes, Pieter, Bart Vranckx, Frank Simon, and Marc Depaepe. "L'enseignement en Communauté flamande (1988-2013)." Courrier hebdomadaire du CRISP 2186-2187, no. 21 (2013): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cris.2186.0005.
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Standhartinger, Angela. "Recent Scholarship onJoseph and Aseneth(1988-2013)." Currents in Biblical Research 12, no. 3 (2014): 353–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476993x14526968.
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Bíčárová, Svetlana, Jozef Mačutek, and Dušan Bilčík. "Climate of submontane location Stará Lesná (1988–2013)." Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy 44, no. 2 (2014): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/congeo-2014-0006.
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Abstract This paper focuses on evaluation of climatic data obtained at Meteorological Observatory GPI SAS Stará Lesná according to the classical daily observations carried out for period 1988-2013. Location is situated at the foothills of the High Tatra Mts. and represents submontane climate zone favourable for temperate coniferous and mixed forest vegetation. According to observations climate of Star´a Lesná is characterized by average annual air temperature 5.9 °C that seasonally varies from -3.5 °C (DJF) to 15.2 °C (JJA). Air-temperature extremes range between -26.5 and 34.2 °C. Daily air temperature maxima and derived indices such as the number of summer days indicate moderate warming during last decade. Growing season length is about 195 days. Average annual precipitation is 744 mm, seasonal comparison shows nearly twice more precipitation amount in summer than winter half year. Snow depth is 35 cm on average, extraordinary over 50 cm. Relative air humidity is about 78%. Wet periods lasted from 5 to 13 consecutive wet days; substantially longer are dry periods from 14 to 39 days. Average sunshine duration is 1806 hours per year. The number of sunny days is clearly lower than the number of cloudy days. Surface air pressure 920.4 hPa relates to altitudinal position of site. Wind blows mostly from the more open southern side. Although average wind speed is rather low (2.1 m/s), occurrence of strong wind gusts above 40 m/s can cause such a spatial destruction of natural environment as in November 2004
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Ritter, Mara Rejane, Taline Cristina da Silva, Elcida de Lima Araújo, and Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque. "Bibliometric analysis of ethnobotanical research in Brazil (1988-2013)." Acta Botanica Brasilica 29, no. 1 (2015): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062014abb3524.
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Karpiński, Zbigniew. "Social Association and Social Inequality in Poland, 1988–2013." International Journal of Sociology 46, no. 4 (2016): 288–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207659.2016.1246296.
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Elie, Marc, and Silvia Serrano. "Sud-Caucase Nouvelles Approches Politiques et Sociales (1988-2013)." Revue d’études comparatives Est-Ouest 44, no. 01 (2013): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4074/s0338059913001010.
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Iacobaeus, Ellen, Sarah Burkill, Shahram Bahmanyar, et al. "The national incidence of PML in Sweden, 1988–2013." Neurology 90, no. 6 (2018): e498-e506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004926.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and patient characteristics in Sweden between 1988 and 2013.MethodsAll PML diagnoses in Sweden between 1988 and 2013 were identified in the National Patient Register. Information to validate the diagnosis and patient characteristics was obtained from medical records.ResultsMedical record review classified 108 out of 250 patients (43%) as definite (n = 84), probable (n = 4), or possible (n = 20) PML according to diagnostic criteria. Accurate diagnoses were more common in records obtained from neurology departments (82% of patients seen in neurology departments) compared with other departments (31%) (p < 0.001). The incidence of PML increased from a largely stable level at 0.026 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.021–0.031) per 100,000 individuals per year during 1988–2010 to 0.11 (95% CI 083–0.137) during 2011–2013, during which time there was a notable increase (p < 0.001). Hematologic malignancies (n = 34), HIV/AIDS (n = 33), and autoimmune disease (n = 23) were the most common underlying diseases. Treatment with a monoclonal antibody prior to PML diagnosis was identified in 26 patients.ConclusionAn increased incidence of PML in Sweden was observed and coincided with the prior use of monoclonal antibody treatment. The high level of misdiagnosis emphasizes the importance of immediate contact with a neurology center upon suspicion of PML.
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Stensdal, Iselin. "Chinese Climate-Change Policy, 1988-2013: Moving On Up." Asian Perspective 38, no. 1 (2014): 111–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/apr.2014.0004.
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Vijay, Devesh. "Structure and Mobility in a Delhi Slum: 1988–2013." Social Change 43, no. 4 (2013): 595–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049085713502598.
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Birkan, Ayse Ozden, and Serpil Kahraman Akdogu. "The geography of financial intermediation in Turkey: 1988–2013." Annals of Regional Science 57, no. 1 (2016): 31–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00168-016-0759-4.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "1988-2013"
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Woods, Anne. "A critical survey of BBC films, 1988-2013." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-critical-survey-of-bbc-films(da6b393f-c7fc-48f5-ac61-a9a2ee93f9fe).html.
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This thesis examines the arguments for the creation of a BBC feature film arm - BBC Films - and its development over a period of 25 years between 1988 and 2013. This followed the launch of Channel Four in 1982 and the formation of its own influential film strand Film on Four. As the role of public service broadcasters in supporting a national cinema became increasingly important, BBC Films became a key component of government film policy. Covering a period which saw increasing convergence between film and television, this historical investigation seeks to provide a greater understanding of the role of BBC Films as an alternative source of production funding, enabling a more complete picture of public support for British film to be drawn. The conflicted place of BBC Films within the corporation forms a primary focus. Including archival research, interviews and original primary sources - in the form of previously unseen internal strategy documents - this thesis contributes to existing gaps in literature. Examination of institutional influences upon the unit’s evolving strategy and its creative decisions - including individual creativity within organisational structures - brings together elements of previously distinct disciplinary fields, providing an important contribution to film and television studies. As a division of a PSB, funded by the licence fee, this study of BBC Films also adds significantly to discourses around the desirability of broadcaster involvement in British film production, and to the issue of commerce versus culture. Finally, this thesis will seek to assess BBC Films’ unique contribution to British film culture. This will be questioned by considering the output of BBC Films from the perspectives of its support for established and emerging UK talent, its depictions of Britishness, and its success in creating a complementary brand to Channel Four.
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VILAÇA, Dolores Maria Sereno Galvão. "O federalismo na pauta educacional brasileira: uma análise histórica (1988-2013)." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2017. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/27572.
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Previous issue date: 2017-08-14<br>CAPES<br>A presente dissertação propõe um estudo bibliográfico e documental, em perspectiva histórica, correlacionando três categorias básicas: federalismo, município e educação. Para tal, estabelecemos como objetivo geral analisar as perspectivas de federalismo educacional defendidas no cenário federal pelos parlamentares e no cenário municipal pela Frente Nacional dos Prefeitos, observando distinções e complementaridades entre eles. Os estudos sobre o federalismo indicam como esta organização político-administrativa ganhou materialidade no cenário político brasileiro e possibilitou modificações nas políticas educacionais (FÁVERO, 1996; ARAÚJO, 2005; CURY, 2003; ABRÚCIO, 2010; entre outros). As fontes que compuseram o corpus documental desta pesquisa foram pronunciamentos, discursos, entrevistas, reuniões e publicações por parte dos sujeitos políticos analisados. A interpretação dos documentados coletados foi desenvolvida a partir dos referenciais teóricos, conceituais e metodológicos da perspectiva epistemológica do historiador Michel de Certeau (1994), em sua obra “A invenção do cotidiano: Artes de Fazer”. A utilização dessa modalidade de fontes foi priorizada por entendermos que representam práticas comuns na fabricação do cotidiano das figuras tomadas para análise e, dessa forma, irão representar “maneiras de fazer” segundo nosso balizamento teórico. Na efetivação das práticas culturais (sempre políticas), os indivíduos lidam com estratégias e táticas, a depender do espaço que ocupam nas estruturas e instâncias de poder. Nas políticas educativas, ao trabalharmos com dois entes federados, União e Município, duas instituições e lugares de poder, analisaremos a utilização de estratégias e táticas de ambos na atual discussão a respeito da federalização da Educação básica. As conclusões indicam que, embora as propostas dos parlamentares e da Frente partam da mesma premissa: a incapacidade, nas condições atuais do federalismo fiscal brasileiro, do município se responsabilizar pela oferta e manutenção do ensino fundamental e garantir ensino de qualidade para todo cidadão brasileiro; suas propostas caminham em sentidos opostos, enquanto a proposta do Senado defende a transferência de tal responsabilidade para o governo federal através do processo de federalização; a Frente defende a manutenção das prerrogativas do município de autonomia com devida reformulação do pacto federativo para fomentação das políticas públicas locais. Por fim, observou-se no desafio do estudo do tempo presente, que, neste momento de crise, os sujeitos políticos estudados se aproximam em suas ações táticas, embora no passado tenham construído estratégias oponentes.<br>The present masters dissertation proposes a bibliographical and documentary study, in historical perspective, correlating three basic categories: federalism, municipality and education. In this regard, we analyze how perspectives of educational federalism are defended in a federal scenario by parliamentarians and in a municipal scenario by the National Front of Mayor, observing distinctions and complementarities between them. The studies on federalism indicate how this political-administrative organization gained materiality in the Brazilian political scenario and made possible changes in educational policies (FÁVERO, 1996; ARAÚJO, 2005; CURY, 2003; ABRÚCIO, 2010; among others). The sources that composed the documentary corpus of this research were pronouncements, speeches, interviews, meetings and publications by the analyzed political subjects. The interpretation of the documented collected was developed from the theoretical, conceptual and methodological references of the epistemological perspective of the historian Michel de Certeau (1994), in his work "The practice of Everyday Life”. The use of this mode of sources was prioritized because we understand that they represent common practices in the daily production of the subjects taken for analysis and, therefore, will represent a "way of doing" according to our theoretical beaconing. In the implementation of cultural practices (always political), individuals deal with strategies and tactics, depending on the space they occupy in structures or instances of power. In educational policies, when working with two federated entities, Union and Municipality, two institutions and places of power, we will analyze the use of strategies and tactics of both in the current discussion about the Basic Education federalization. The conclusions indicate that although the proposals of the parliamentarians and the Front are based on the same premise: the incapacity, in the current conditions of Brazilian fiscal federalism, of the municipality to be responsible for offering and maintaining elementary education and guaranteeing quality education for every Brazilian citizen; Their proposals move in opposite directions, while the Senate proposal advocates the transfer of such responsibility to the federal government through the federalization process; The Front defends the maintenance of the prerogatives of municipality autonomy with due reformulation and distribution of the fiscal cake of the country, so that the budget foments local public policies. Finally, it was observed that the challenge of the study of the present time, shows us that, in this moment of political crisis, the studied political subjects approach in their tactical actions, although, in the past, they have built opponents strategies.
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Faustino, Raphael Brito 1983. "Avanços e limites das políticas de desenvolvimento urbano no Brasil (1988-2013)." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286418.
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Previous issue date: 2014<br>Resumo: O processo de urbanização no Brasil avançou de forma desordenada, o que resultou numa grave crise urbana no último quarto do século passado. O problema urbano deteriorou-se sobremaneira a partir da crise econômica ocorrida nos anos 1980 e não foi solucionado durante a recuperação econômica dos anos 2000. Ainda hoje se verificam, em variadas escalas, a depender do tamanho das cidades, diversos problemas relacionados ao processo de urbanização, mas também vinculados ao padrão de políticas públicas adotadas para a área de desenvolvimento urbano. A partir de 1988, diversos marcos institucionais e regulatórios foram definidos para o desenvolvimento urbano, em conjunto com expressiva evolução dos recursos aplicados. Contudo, as políticas destinadas ao enfrentamento da questão não proporcionaram uma melhoria consistente das condições de vida nas cidades brasileiras. Procurando contribuir para o debate dessa questão, o objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a trajetória da evolução institucional, a aprovação dos marcos regulatórios e a evolução dos principais programas para a áreas de habitação, saneamento e mobilidade urbana. Para tal, além de examinar o discurso do governo federal sobre as diretrizes dos referidos programas, o estudo também contempla uma avaliação dos resultados obtidos a partir dos principais indicadores disponíveis. Fica evidente que o processo de institucionalização e a regulação das políticas de desenvolvimento urbano constituíram um avanço importante, mas não foram suficientes para modificar substantivamente o quadro urbano brasileiro, uma vez que a questão urbana ultrapassa o âmbito dessas políticas setoriais, articulando-se com os desequilíbrios do desenvolvimento capitalista brasileiro, caracterizado por profunda desigualdade social, que acaba por se refletir nas cidades<br>Abstract: The urbanization process in Brazil advanced in a disorderly way, which resulted in a severe urban crisis in the last quarter of the last century. The urban problem has deteriorated from the economic crisis that occurred in the 1980s and was not resolved during the economic recovery of the 2000s. Many problems related to the process of urbanization still occur, with some differences depending on the size of cities, but also linked to the pattern of public policies adopted in the area of urban development. Since 1988, many institutional and regulatory frameworks have been defined for urban development. Also, the urban policy had a significant increase of the funds invested. However, these policies had not provided a consistent improvement of living conditions in cities. The aim of this study is analyze the trajectory of institutional evolution, the approval of regulatory frameworks and the main programs for areas of housing, sanitation and urban mobility. To this end, in addition to examining the official documents of the federal government about the guidelines of these programs, the study also includes an evaluation of the results obtained from the main indicators available. It is evident that the process of institutionalization and regulation of urban development policies were an important step forward, but not enough to modify the brazilian urban context. The urban problems linking up with imbalances in the brazilian capitalist development, that is characterized by deep social inequality, which reflects in the cities<br>Mestrado<br>Economia Social e do Trabalho<br>Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico
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Corrêa, Bernardo Alves. "Revitalização sindical : resgate da experiência do Sindicato dos Municipários de Porto Alegre 1988-2013." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/116503.
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Este projeto insere-se no campo da sociologia do trabalho, procurando contribuir com a discussão acerca do presente e do futuro do sindicalismo, conectado aos estudos de revitalização sindical. O sindicalismo no setor público, particularmente após o final da década de 1980, desenvolve-se através da assunção de caráter sindical das associações de servidores públicos, da influência do novo sindicalismo sobre as classes médias e do ambiente político das lutas pela democratização do Brasil pós-ditadura. Assim formou-se Sindicato dos Municipários de Porto Alegre (SIMPA), objeto empírico do presente trabalho, o primeiro sindicato de municipários legalizado no Brasil. As temáticas em torno das reformas e da persistência da estrutura sindical, em um contexto de terceirizações na administração pública, assim como a consideração por boa parte da literatura de que o movimento sindical passa por uma crise instiga à investigação das ações sindicais confrontadas à discussão da suposta crise ou declínio. Através de um estudo de caso estendido, analisamos a emergência de novas práticas sindicais, buscando, no resgate das experiências do SIMPA, conexões com o que alguns autores têm chamado de ―sindicalismo de movimento social‖, no que tange à relação do sindicalismo clássico com os novos protestos e movimentos que tem surgido em nossos tempos.<br>This project, developed in the field of Sociology of Work, aims to cooperate with the discussion about the current and future unionism, connected to the Labour Revitalization Studies. Syndicalism in public sector, especially in the end of 1980‘s, was developed with the assumption of the union character of the civil servants trade unions, also with the influence of the new unionism over middle classes and the policy environment of the struggles for democratization in Brazil after dictatorship. That‘s how it was formed SIMPA, a union trade of civil servants of Porto Alegre City, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. SIMPA was the first union trade of municipal workers legalized in the country, and it is the empirical object of this research. Themes such as reforms and the persistence of the union structure, in a context of outsourcing in public administration, as well as the assumption for a large part of literature that union movement was passing through a crisis, are some elements that instigate the investigation of union actions face to the discussion of a supposed crisis or decline. With an Extended Case Method, we analyze the emergence of new unionism practices. Rescuing the experiences of SIMPA, we search for connections to with some authors have called ―Social Movement Unionism‖, about the relations between classical unionism and new demonstrations and movements that have been arising in our times.
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Söderlind, Molly, and Amanda Lindström. "Världen i Dagens Nyheter : En kvantitativ studie av globaliseringen i Dagens Nyhetersnyhetsjournalistik under perioden 1988-2013." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30450.
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Reflekterar en av Sveriges största tidningar, Dagens Nyheter världens intensifierande interrelationer och ömsesidiga beroenden? Syftet med den här studien är att finna uttryck för globalisering i Dagens Nyheters huvudbilaga under perioden 1988 till 2013. För att uppnå detta, har vi använt oss av en kvantitativ innehållsanalys, där vi analyserat 1492 nyhetstexter från Dagens Nyheter. I studien undersöks uttryck för globalisering på tre sätt: genom att mäta mängden utrikesmaterial, vilka länder, regioner och världsdelar som finns representerade i bevakningen samt huruvida nyhetstexterna innehåller nyhetsgenren ”global journalistik”. Av studien framgår att andelen utrikesmaterial har ökat på bekostnad av andelen inrikesmaterial, att inte alla länder, regioner och kontinenter finns representerade och att texterna innehåller global journalistik i viss uträckning.<br>Does one of the major Swedish newspapers Dagens Nyheter reflect the intensifying interrelations and interdependences in the world today? The aim of this study is to find expressions for globalization in the main section of Dagens Nyheter during the period between 1988 and 2013. To achieve this, we applied quantitative content analysis on 1492 news articles from Dagens Nyheter. Here, expressions for globalization are examined in three ways: the amount of foreign reporting, which countries, regions and continents are represented in the reporting and whether the news style” global journalism” is present in the reporting. This study finds an increase in foreign reporting at the expense of domestic reporting, that not all countries, regions and continents are represented and that global journalism is present to some extent.
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Kuniya, Rosana Kasue. "Condições de vida e moradia de trabalhadores nos limites urbanos : bairro Shopping Park (Uberlândia-MG, 1988-2013)." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2016. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/16520.
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Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais<br>The aim of this work was to demonstrate the formation process of Shopping Park
neighborhood in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, from 1988 to 2013. To give visibility to the
trajectories, experiences, struggles, limits and pressures of migrant workers was essential to
understand how these subjects are excluded to further districts from the city center. Dialogue
constituted the way to capture forms of surviving and creation of coexistence bonds in the
context of exclusions and contradictions embedded in that city. In urban limits, such workers
fight for permanence in Uberlândia, where social relations are established both with locals as
with government, religious institutions and entrepreneurs. These bonds are perceived as
strategies of these residents who therefore battle for their rights. The cited experiments
expose the learnings that workers experience in the conviviality of articulations in both
Shopping Park as in other districts where they lived. It is noteworthy that the knowledge of
rural life brought by the migrants blend with bureaucratic processes and pressures that are
struggled to stay in the city limits.<br>O objetivo desta dissertação foi evidenciar o processo de constituição do bairro Shopping
Park em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, de 1988 a 2013. Dar visibilidade às trajetórias,
experiências, vivências, lutas, limites e pressões de trabalhadores migrantes foi fundamental
para compreender de que maneira esses sujeitos são excluídos para os bairros mais afastados
do Centro da cidade. O diálogo constituiu o meio de captar as formas de sobrevivência e de
criação dos laços de convivência na conjuntura de exclusões e contradições inseridas na
referida cidade. Nos limites urbanos, tais trabalhadores lutam pela permanência em
Uberlândia, em que as relações sociais são estabelecidas tanto entre os moradores quanto com
o Poder Público, as instituições religiosas e os empresários. Esses laços são percebidos como
estratégias de tais moradores que, por conseguinte, batalham por seus direitos. As
experiências citadas expõem os aprendizados que os trabalhadores vivenciam no convívio das
articulações, tanto no Shopping Park como em outros bairros onde moraram. Vale ressaltar
que os conhecimentos da vida rural trazidos pelos migrantes mesclam com os processos
burocráticos e pressões que sofrem para permanecer nos limites urbanos.<br>Mestre em História
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Lasmezas, Franck. "Vies et mises en récits (auto) biographiques : la collection "l'un et l'autre" de J.B Pontalis (1988 - 2013)." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2091.
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Déclaré moribond avec le XXème siècle finissant, le genre biographique allait renaître sous l’impulsion de figures du monde éditorial dont J.-B. Pontalis fut l’une des principales. La collection L’un et l’autre explore la relation biographique sous les angles de la paternité, de la maternité, du soin. Ces notions ne sont pas littérales, mais littéraires, inscrites non seulement dans le langage, mais dans une langue particulière. La collection fait vivre des parallélismes dont le plus important est celui de la création littéraire de J.-B. Pontalis : la collection a influencé l’œuvre, qui a à son tour rétro-agi sur la collection. C’est ce dont témoignent les motifs humains, animaux et objectaux qui innervent la collection et sont autant d’avatars de l’altérité. L’autre peut s’incarner dans la figure du frère, de la sœur, mais aussi dans un lieu lui-même emblématique d’un temps, notamment celui de la Shoah. Dans la collection L’un et l’autre comme dans l’œuvre de Pontalis, l’écrivain peut trouver son alter ego dans le peintre ou le musicien, les mots se muer en images ou en mélodies. C’est toutefois l’écrivain qui reste le meilleur miroir, parfois narcissique, de cet écrivain particulier qu’est un biographe. La collection de J.-B. Pontalis a de plus en plus évolué de l’hétérographie vers l’autographie, reflétant en cela la pratique littéraire et existentielle tardive de son directeur. Du vivant et après la mort de Pontalis émergea une poétique autographique lisible et scriptible dans d’autres collections et hors-collection ; ses motifs dispersés témoignent d’un retour de la littérature à ce qui la dépasse et qu’elle dépasse : la vie<br>In France, biography was said to be close to its death at the end of the twentieth century, but J.-B. Pontalis and other editors helped promoting its renewal. Biographical relationship is being explored by L’un et l’autre under the focus of fatherhood, motherhood and care. These topics are less things than words, they belong to literature and language, and to a peculiar language. L’un et l’autre reflects the literary work of J.-B. Pontalis : one had an impact on the other and then the other way round. This is true for the human, animal and objectal topics which are spread throughout L’un et l’autre and may be called variorum of otherness. The other being or the other thing might be brother, sister, place or time, the last one referring especially to the Holocaust. In L’un et l’autre as well as in the work of Pontalis, the writer may find his alter ego in a painter or a musician, words can become pictures or tunes. Nevertheless the best mirror for a writer, and a biographer is a writer indeed, is another writer. More and more, the books edited by J.-B. Pontalis evolved from biography of the other towards biography of the self, following thus the late work of Pontalis as a writer. During the late life and after the death of J.-B. Pontalis, a « autographic » way of writing was born, the widespread topics of which show that french literature performed and still performs a comeback towards its second self : life
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Lemons, Caroline Caldas. "Do direito à educação ao direito à aprendizagem : um estudo sobre culturas de intervenção pedagógica (Caxias do Sul - 1988-2013)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2015. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1095.
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Esta dissertação tem por objetivo geral considerar quais as concepções de direito à educação e de direito à aprendizagem perpassam as narrativas e as práticas dos professores da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Caxias do Sul, de forma a identificar como se relacionam com o que está preconizado na Constituição Brasileira e nas políticas educacionais promulgadas a partir de 1988, bem como que culturas de intervenção pedagógica são vivenciadas para a sua efetivação. O problema de pesquisa se justifica pela crescente proliferação de políticas públicas educacionais voltadas à oferta da garantia jurídica ao direito universal à educação e as incipientes ou invisíveis considerações práticas acerca do reconhecimento desse direito no âmbito escolar. O referencial teórico que sustenta a análise e a interpretação dos dados empíricos está alicerçado nas contribuições teórico-metodológicas de autores filiados à História da Educação e às Políticas Educacionais em interlocução com a produção do conhecimento atinente à Filosofia da Educação. Dentre estes, no auxílio à reflexão teórica dos conceitos diretamente envolvidos na pesquisa, se destacam Bobbio (1992), Reale (2002), Honneth (2003), Julia (2001), Viñao-Frago (1995), Benito (2008), Certeau (1985 e 1994), Chartier (1991), Vidal (2003, 2005 e 2010), Freire (2013) e Vigotskii (2001); no entendimento do contexto da pesquisa Paiva (1973), Germano (1979), Cardoso (2008), Casimiro (2011), Cury (2011), Horta (2011), Machado (2011) e Sanfelice (2011); e na orientação quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos Faria Filho (1998), Bacellar (2005), Botía (2002), Galvão (2005), Gomes e Barbosa (1999), Neto (2002), Gomes (2005) e Moraes (2007). Por se tratar de uma abordagem qualitativa, a postura de investigação que esta dissertação acolhe agrega procedimentos comuns na pesquisa em História da Educação, dentre os quais narrativas escritas, oriundas de instrumentos semiestruturados e autoaplicados e narrativas orais, advindas da prática de Grupo Focal; ambas agregadas da análise documental e da análise textual discursiva. A construção do corpus empírico da pesquisa foi possível através da colaboração dos professores do sexto ao nono ano do Ensino Fundamental da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Caxias do Sul. As conclusões do estudo apontam que mesmo havendo muito para ser feito, os professores avançam gradualmente no reconhecimento do direito à aprendizagem implícito no direito à educação e adotam práticas de mediação que convergem para uma maior horizontalidade e estima social. Além disso, os entrelaçamentos das políticas educacionais com as ideias pedagógicas e as narrativas docentes confirmam a existência de culturas de intervenção pedagógica – práticas pedagógicas com a intenção de intervir e favorecer os processos de aprendizagem que ocorrem nos espaços formais de educação e alongam-se temporalmente – em favor da aprendizagem. O material empírico, em diálogo com o referencial teórico do estudo, possibilitou identificar as seguintes categorias de intervenção pedagógica: a) de reprodução; b) de recomendação; c) de disciplina; d) de outorga/transferência; e) de emancipação.<br>Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2016-01-27T18:32:47Z
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Dissertacao Caroline Caldas Lemons.pdf: 1547315 bytes, checksum: 1e51a3e726ff39c1fa7bfc47103926ba (MD5)<br>This dissertation has the objective to consider what are the concepts of right to education and right to learn that guide the narrative and the practices of the teachers in the educational system of Caxias do Sul. It aims to identify how they relate to what is envisaged in the Brazilian Constitution and in the educational policies enacted since 1988, as well to identify the kind of pedagogical intervention that are been experienced for its effectiveness. The research is justified by the growing proliferation of educational policies aimed at offering legal guarantee to the universal right to education and the incipient or invisible practical considerations on the recognition of this right in the school setting. The theoretical framework that supports the analysis and interpretation of the empirical data is grounded in theoretical and methodological contributions of authors affiliated with the History of Education and the Educational Policy in dialogue with the production of knowledge pertaining to the Philosophy of Education. Among these, helping the theoretical reflection of the concepts directly involved in the research, we point out Bobbio (1992), Reale (2002), Honneth (2003), Julia (2001), Viñao-Frago (1995), Benito (2008), Certeau (1985 e 1994), Chartier (1991), Vidal (2003, 2005 e 2010), Freire (2013) e Vigotskii (2001); on the understanding of the research context Paiva (1973), Germano (1979), Cardoso (2008), Casimiro (2011), Cury (2011), Horta (2011), Machado (2011) e Sanfelice (2011); and for guidance on methodological procedures Faria Filho (1998), Bacellar (2005), Botía (2002), Galvão (2005), Gomes e Barbosa (1999), Neto (2002), Gomes (2005) e Moraes (2007). Due to the fact that it is a qualitative approach, the research method that this dissertation welcomes adds common procedures of research in History of Education, like written narratives, coming from self applied semi-structured instruments and oral narratives, taken by the Focal Group; both ameliorated by documental and discursive textual analysis. The construction of the empirical corpus of the present research was possible by the support of the teachers of the last years of the elementary schools in Caxias do Sul. The study's findings show that even with lots of things to be done, teachers gradually advance in recognizing the right to learn subscribed on the right to education and are adopting practices that converge for a greater horizontality and social esteem. In addition, the twists of educational policies with the pedagogical ideas and teaching narratives confirm the existence of pedagogical intervention cultures, with the intention to intervene and facilitate the learning processes that take place in the formal education spaces and lengthen it temporally in favor of learning. The empirical material in dialogue with the theoretical framework of the study enabled us to identify the following categories of educational intervention: a) reproduction; b) recommendation; c) discipline; d) granting/transferring; e) emancipation.
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Bretas, Nazaré Lopes. "Desenvolvimento institucional digitalmente mediado e Estado de bem estar social : o caso da Previdência Social no Brasil (1988 a 2013)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/156326.
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Quais os efeitos de conjunturas críticas externas ao ambiente institucional de organizações que prestam serviços públicos correlatos ao Estado de Bem Estar Social? Esses efeitos se manifestam de forma diversa em tempos de intensificação do uso de tecnologias digitais? Por quê? Partindo da premissa de que conjunturas críticas que ocorrem em ambientes que circundam instituições do Estado tendem a impulsionar a evolução de capacidades e seu desenvolvimento institucional, o estudo analisa o tema considerando construção e ajuste de habilidades e padrões em agência que integram o arranjo institucional da Previdência Social no país. Variações relacionadas ao status do regime, tais como controle social e liberdade de imprensa, são especialmente analisadas, em referente empírico que experimentava recomposição de democracia: o Brasil do final dos anos 1980, palco também da emergência da digitalização do Estado. Esse quadro analítico, ainda pouco explorado por cientistas políticos, foi a base para formulação e posterior investigação do problema de pesquisa: “Por que conjunturas críticas exógenas a arranjo institucional de política pública produzem implicações no desenvolvimento institucional digitalmente mediado de instituições previdenciárias brasileiras entre os anos de 1988 e 2013?” Para dar tratamento a tal problema, o documento foi organizado em dois capítulos, sendo o primeiro dedicado à fundamentação teórica e o seguinte à pesquisa empírica Mais especificamente, o capítulo teórico consolida fundamentos acerca de Estado de Bem Estar e Desenvolvimento Institucional, em articulação com trabalhos acerca da digitalização do Estado com destaque para os que expressam concepção inovadora de Desenvolvimento Institucional Digitalmente Mediado (FOUNTAIN 2001, 2006, 2011, 2014). Esse referencial é tomado como insumo para empreender análise do caso da Previdência Social no Brasil, no intervalo entre a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988; e o ano de 2013, quando a Previdência Social comemorou 90 anos no país. Como se verá, o cumprimento desses passos permitiu compor quadro sinóptico das variações do atendimento a demandas por direitos previdenciários, face à trajetória de DIDM nos 25 anos que se seguiram à Constituição vigente, conforme apresentado nas conclusões do estudo.<br>What are the effects of critical exogenous junctures correlated to digital technologies over institutions based on service provision and social security? Why do variables related to the incorporation of digital technologies tend to produce implications over the results of policies? Starting from the premise that critical junctures occurring under the environment of state institutions tend to impulse the evolution of capacities and of its institutional development, this Thesis reaches the understanding that the emergence and substantive redesign of the welfare state contributes to the development of new abilities, conventions, and relations of power among agencies. The framework also suffers expressive variation as a result of a political system’s characteristics, especially concerning the existence of democratic institutions such as social control and freedom of the press. These characteristics were being recomposed in Brazil by the end of the 1980’s, parallel to the emergence of a worldwide expressive phenomena: the digitalization of the state. This analytical framework, albeit still underexplored by political scientists, especially regarding the conduct of empirical research in the Southern Hemisphere countries, inspired the present study by means of the following research problem: Why have critical exogenous junctures had expressive implications on the digitally mediated institutional development of Brazilian welfare institutions between 1988 and 2013 In order to give the correct treatment to the problem, this study is divided in three chapters, the first two being devoted to the theoretical basis and the third, to empirical research. More specifically, the first chapter establishes the foundations of classic works on welfare state and Institutional Development. These issues are then articulated in the second chapter, which presents literature on state digitalization, highlighting the innovative conception of Digitally Mediated Institutional Development (DMID), as formulated by Jane Fountain (2001, 2006, 2011, 2014). Lastly, this reference is taken as a relevant input for employing historical analysis of the Social Security case in Brazil, during the period of the promulgation of the 1998 Federal Constitution and 2014, when Social Security celebrated 90 years of existence in the country. As will be shown in the conclusion, the fulfillment of these steps allowed to compose a synoptic framework regarding the variations of attendance towards demands for social security in the DMID trajectory following 25 years after the implementation of the Constitution.
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Schulz, Julia [Verfasser]. "Retrospektive Analyse zu Epidemiologie, Behandlung und Prognosefaktoren von Lebermetastasen neuroendokriner Tumore : Untersuchung anhand eines Patientenkollektivs aus der Klinik für Chirurgie aus dem Zeitraum 1988-2013 / Julia Schulz." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136930574/34.
Full textBooks on the topic "1988-2013"
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Seynath, Aidara. Projection de la population de 1988 à 2013. Republique islamique de Mauritanie, Office national de la statistique, 1996.
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Torah for its intended purpose: Selected writings (1988-2013). KTAV Publishing House, 2014.
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Medycka, Krystyna. Sodalicja Mariańska w Poznaniu 1988-2013: III Księga Jubileuszowa. Wydawnictwo Rys, 2014.
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Raheb, Mitri. Li-kull maqām maqāl: ʻiẓāt li-rubʻ qarn 1988-2013. Diyār lil-Nashr, 2013.
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Jørgensen, Jean. Fremskrivning og prognose for uddannelsessystemet 1988-2013: Resultater og metode. Undervisningsministeriet, Økonomisk-statistisk kontor, 1988.
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Binchin, Pudarno. Secebis budaya warisan: 25 tahun bersama Muzium Teknologi Melayu, 1988-2013. Muzium Teknologi Melayu, 2014.
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Fannes, Pieter. Een kwarteeuw onderwijs in eigen beheer: Het Vlaams onderwijsbeleid, 1988-2013. Acco, 2013.
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Binchin, Pudarno. Jejak budaya: Sambutan 25 tahun penubuhan Muzium Teknologi Melayu, 1988-2013, dan menyelusuri perkembangan 35 tahun bahagian etnografi, 1978-2013. Jabatan Muzium-muzium Kementerian Kebudayaan, Belia dan Sukan, 2014.
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Trung tâm nhiệt đới Việt-Nga. Tuyẻ̂n tập những bài vié̂t vè̂ Trung tâm nhiệt đới Việt-Nga (1988-2013). Nhà xuá̂t bản Quân đội nhân dân, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "1988-2013"
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Macintosh, Robert, and Angeliki Papachroni. "ABB (1988–2013)." In Strategic Management. Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-03545-5_16.
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Elsinga, Marja, Hugo Priemus, and Peter Boelhouwer. "Milestones in Housing Finance in the Netherlands, 1988-2013." In Milestones in European Housing Finance. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118929421.ch15.
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Stambolis, Barbara. "1988 – Jugendbewegte »Restgeschichte« in der Diskussion." In 100 Jahre Hoher Meißner (1913-2013). V&R Unipress, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14220/9783737003339.331.
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"Uncertain Present, Uneasy Future, 1988–2013." In Lutherans in America. 1517 Media, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt9m0t8g.29.
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"Steptoe, Patrick Christopher (1913–1988)Edwards, Robert Geoffrey (1925–2013)." In Eponyms and Names in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Cambridge University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108421706.327.
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Gustafsson, Björn, and Sai Ding. "Unequal Growth." In Changing Trends in China's Inequality. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190077938.003.0008.
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This chapter investigates inequality and poverty among formal urban residents in China by using CHIP data from 1988 through 2013, with a focus on the period from 2007 to 2013. It begins with an overview of changes in the urban economy and relevant public policies. Analysis of the data reveals a slowdown but still fairly rapid growth of urban household incomes from 2007 to 2013, as compared to earlier periods. This slowdown reflects slow growth in urban wage income, the main component of formal urban household incomes. From 2007 to 2013 growth in urban incomes was mainly due to increases in pension income and in the imputed rent from owner-occupied housing. Inequality among formal urban residents increased from 1988 to 1995, but thereafter it did not follow a clear trend. From 2007 to 2013, however, inequality increased slightly. Estimates of urban poverty show ongoing large declines in absolute poverty but an increase in relative poverty.
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Bache, Ian, Simon Bulmer, Stephen George, and Owen Parker. "22. Cohesion Policy." In Politics in the European Union. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199689668.003.0022.
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This chapter examines the European Union’s cohesion policy, which had its origins in the European Community’s regional policy. Despite evidence of wide disparities between Europe’s regions, the Treaty of Rome made no specific commitment to the creation of a Community regional policy. It was only in 1975 that a European regional fund was created, and a coherent supranational policy emerged only in 1988. The chapter traces key developments in cohesion policy, focusing on reforms made between 1988 and 2013. Enlargement and the single market programme provided the context for a major reform of the structural funds in 1988. In the 2013 reform, the Commission’s subsequent proposals linked cohesion policy to the goals of the Europe 2020 growth strategy. The chapter also considers shifts in the intergovernmental–supranational nature of policy control in the sector that first gave rise to the notion of multi-level governance.
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Younger, Mike. "The Gender and Education Agenda in the United Kingdom, 1988–2013: The Ever-Turning Wheel." In Education and Gender. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472593351.ch-006.
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"Parties and non-parties to the 1988 convention, by region, as at 1 november 2013." In Precursors and Chemicals Frequently Used in the Illicit Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. UN, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/63f489e9-en.
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"Parties et non-Parties à la Convention de 1988, par région, au 1er novembre 2013." In Précurseurs et produits chimiques fréquemment utilisés dans la fabrication illicite de stupéfiants et de substances psychotropes 2013. UN, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/364dfaf1-fr.
Full textConference papers on the topic "1988-2013"
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Yao, Lingyun, Jianwen Zhou, and Zhou Zhou. "Numerical Study of the Compartment Cavity Problem Using a Novel Cell-Based Smoothed Radial Point Interpolation Method." In SAE 2013 Noise and Vibration Conference and Exhibition. SAE International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-1988.
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Smith, Warren F. "A Pillar of Mechanical Engineering Design Education in Australia: 25 Years of the Warman Design and Build Competition." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12647.
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The “Warman Design and Build Competition”, running across Australasian Universities, is now in its 26th year in 2013. Presented in this paper is a brief history of the competition, documenting the objectives, yearly scenarios, key contributors and champion Universities since its beginning in 1988. Assuming the competition has reached the majority of mechanical and related discipline engineering students in that time, it is fair to say that this competition, as a vehicle of the National Committee on Engineering Design, has served to shape Australasian engineering education in an enduring way. The philosophy of the Warman Design and Build Competition and some of the challenges of running it are described in this perspective by its coordinator since 2003. In particular, the need is for the competition to work effectively across a wide range of student group ability. Not every group engaging with the competition will be competitive nationally, yet all should learn positively from the experience. Reported also in this paper is the collective feedback from the campus organizers in respect to their use of the competition as an educational experience in their classrooms. Each University participating uses the competition differently with respect to student assessment and the support students receive. However, all academic campus organizer responses suggest that the competition supports their own and their institutional learning objectives very well. While the project scenarios have varied widely over the years, the intent to challenge 2nd year university (predominantly mechanical) engineering students with an open-ended statement of requirements in a practical and experiential exercise has been a constant. Students are faced with understanding their opportunity and their client’s value system as expressed in a scoring algorithm. They are required to conceive, construct and demonstrate their device with limited prior knowledge and experience, and the learning outcomes clearly impact their appreciation for teamwork, leadership and product realization.
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Hadley, Isabel, and Simon Smith. "Effects of Mechanical Loading on Residual Stress and Fracture: Part II — Validation of the BS 7910:2013 Rules." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28092.
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Failure of welded structures due to the presence of flaws is typically driven by a mixture of applied and residual stresses, yet in most cases only the former are known accurately. In as-welded structures, a typical assumption is that the magnitude of welding residual stress is bounded by the room temperature yield strength of the parent material. The UK flaw assessment procedure BS 7910:2013 also assumes that mechanical loading (either as a result of proof testing or during the initial loading of an as-welded structure) will bring about a relaxation in residual stress. Conversely, the UK structural assessment code for nuclear structures, R6, contains a warning on the ‘limited validation’ of the BS 7910 approaches for stress relaxation and suggests that they should be used ‘with caution’. The aim of this study was therefore to review the basis of the BS 7910 clauses on stress relaxation with a view to harmonising the BS 7910 and R6 rules for cases in which the original welding residual stress distribution is not known. A companion paper describes the history of the residual stress relaxation clauses of BS 7910. A considerable programme of work was carried out in the late 1980s to justify and validate the clauses, using a range of experimental and numerical work. This included analysis of work carried out by the UK power industry and used in the validation of the R6 procedure. The full underlying details of the work have not hitherto been available in the public domain, although the principles were published in 1988. The approach proposed in BS 7910 combines ‘global’ relaxation of residual stress (Qm) under high mechanical load with ‘local’ enhancement of crack tip driving force through the adoption of a simplified primary/secondary stress interaction factor, ρ. This is different from the method adopted by R6, but appears to be equivalent to allowing negative values of ρ under conditions of high primary stress. A re-analysis of the original TWI work, using the current version of BS 7910, has shown nothing to contradict the approach, which represents a workable engineering solution to the problem of how to analyse residual stress effects in as-welded structures rapidly and reasonably realistically when the as-welded stress distribution is unknown.
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OLIVEIRA, FRANCISCO DAVI NASCIMENTO, FLAVIA MARIA ROCHA MELO, JOSE FRANCISCO DA SILVA JUNIOR, LARAH ROBERTA CAMPOS CANSANCAO, DAYANE REIS BARROS DE ARAUJO LIMA, and ROMEZIO ALVES CARVALHO DA SILVA. "A APLICAÇÃO DA TEORIA DA COCULPABILIDADE DO ESTADO INFRATOR EM SENTENÇAAS PENAIS ABSOLUTÓRIAS." In Brazilian Congress. brazco, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51162/brc.dev2020-00074.
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A Constituicao Federal de 1988 assegura diversas garantias fundamentais, como o direito a liberdade, vida, igualdade, saude, educacao, informacao e a paz. A teoria da coculpabilidade do Estado Infrator nasce destes direitos, deixando claro que, diante de um crime, o Estado possui parte da culpa imputada ao acusado/reu/condenado, vez que nao fora eficiente em assegurar todos os direitos consagrados na Constituicao, provocando um descompasso social capaz de levar uma pessoa a delinquir. Assim, o objetivo principal desta pesquisa consiste em demonstrar a possibilidade de aplicacao da aludida teoria em sentencas absolutorias. Os objetivos secundarios voltam-se para o conceito e a historicidade da teoria da coculpabilidade do Estado Infrator, para a conexao entre a aludida teoria e a causa supra legal de exclusao de culpabilidade, inexigibilidade de conduta diversa e por fim para a analise de uma sentenca penal absolutoria prolatada pelo Tribunal Regional Federal da 1a Regiao - TRF1, que adotou a tal teoria como um vetor. A metodologia consiste em pesquisa bibliografica, que fornecera o suporte teorico e pratico necessario para realizar a pesquisa em questao. A doutrina utilizada sera ZAFFARONI (2013), FOUCAULT (2007), dentre outros. Assim, conclui-se que tal teoria busca tornar o processo Penal mais equanime e compativel com a Dignidade da Pessoa Humana, demonstrando que o judiciario deve atentar para os fatores economicos e sociais caracteristicos da vivencia do reu. ,
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Muldoon, Thomas R., Bob Cashner, and Sara Vestfals. "High Pressure Feedwater Heater Cup Forging Alteration." In ASME 2014 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2014-32217.
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American Exchanger Services, Inc (AM-EX) performed a 2012 repair of a vertical head-up High Pressure (HP) Feedwater Heater breech lock channel during a shop based re-tube for the American Electric Power (AEP) Wilkes Power Plant, Unit 1. The 48 year old channel is a carbon steel cup-forging that had 1-1/2″ deep circumferential cracks extending radially into the tight knuckle radius at the channel barrel to tubesheet junction. A small area was also found on the backside of the tubesheet which had corroded to a depth of 7/16″. Several methods to repair these types of failures may be employed, such as grinding out the crack and weld repair, grinding or machining out the crack, leaving as is and performing regular inspections and monitoring crack propagation, or leave as is and perform a fitness for service analysis (API 579-1/ASME FFS-1). A repair was chosen that reduced the stresses in the highly stressed corner radius and was validated using modern calculations. The channel barrel was in the re-tube process so immediate access to a vertical lathe was available and this, in part, lead to the crack removal approach. The design alteration was to machine a pocket to completely remove the crack, verify tubesheet stresses are within allowable stress limits by Finite Element Analysis (FEA), and prescribe future Nondestructive Examination (NDE) to monitor potential future cracking. The size of the machined “pocket” was determined by the actual crack length “as measured” and the repair was verified using FEA. The machined pocket was Dye Penetrant Tested (PT) in September of 2013 (after approximately one year of returning to service), and no defects were noted. This is not a new repair method; in fact it was researched by Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) in 1988 symposium [1], and based on an EPRI 1985 [2] similar repair. In the 1985 repair similar methods of FEA were employed, however using less sophisticated forms of the calculation. Modern computing allows for 3D analysis with more complex geometries, and more conservative meshing. This analysis demonstrates that the earlier papers were correct in their understanding of the problem and the proposed solutions. The Wilkes HP feedwater heater was repaired in a similar manner with a machined radius that sufficiently reduced stresses to safe levels allowing an alteration of the vessel to be in compliance with National Board Inspection Code (NBIC) [3] and American Society of Engineers Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (ASME B&PV CODE) [4].
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Sherif, Zaki A., and Ahmed S. Sultan. "Abstract 1988: Divergent control of Cav-1 expression in non-cancerous Li-Fraumeni Syndrome and human cancer cell lines." In Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-1988.
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Liu, Lihua, Afsaneh Barzi, Juanjuan Zhang, Dennis Deapen, and Mariana Stern. "Abstract C82: Stomach cancer incidence trends among 10 racial/ethnic groups in California, 1988-2010." In Abstracts: Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; December 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp13-c82.
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Reis Santos, Mariana. "Does the implementation of special zones of social interest (ZEIS) encourages adequate housing in precarious settlement? The case of San Paolo." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/hfqf7018.
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With the establishment of the Constitution of 1988, a new approach to urban governance emerged in Brazil. The document brought significant changes regarding the right to the city and adequate housing, in particular, for the urban poor. The recognition of these rights triggered the experimentation with inclusionary policies around the country (Rolnik and Santoro, 2013). As a result, informal settlements started to be acknowledged as part of the formal city and were included in zoning and planning laws. One of the main outcomes of these experiments was the creation of Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS), a land and housing policy that linked investments on infrastructure in precarious settlements to land regularisation processes. In 2001, ZEIS was incorporated into the City Statute, a document that established a range of collective rights to guide land use and development. Since then, the instrument has gained popularity in the country as a land regularisation tool. Nevertheless, a considerable share of settlements remains poorly built and addressing informality is still a challenge. Therefore, this paper evaluated the co-relation between the implementation of ZEIS, land regularisation processes and provision of basic infrastructure in precarious settlements. More specifically, it measured the quality of State interventions supported by the zoning. By focusing on quality, this article aimed to evaluate whether ZEIS has encouraged adequate housing conditions for the urban poor or reinforced precarious patterns of development. To explore this relationship, a case study was conducted on the performance of ZEIS in Favela of Sapé, a settlement in the West of São Paulo. As a methodology, case studies have become a common option for performing evaluations and analyse what a program, practice or police has achieved (Yin, 2012). Moreover, this research strategy commonly relies on various sources of field-based information (Yin, 2012). Accordingly, this paper comprised mainly primary qualitative data. It also made broad use of content and secondary analysis, with the goal of ensuring validity and reliability. The performance of ZEIS in Sapé demonstrated that since its implementation, in 2001, tenure security and physical characteristics have enhanced considerably in the area, particularly, when it comes to housing quality and provision of basic infrastructure. Nevertheless, these accomplishments are being compromised by a strong process of reoccupation which is supported by illegal organisations. In addition, there is a delay of the Municipality in meeting the demands for housing in the area because of governance issues and mismanagement of financial resources. This scenario, combined with a weak inspection body, has once again permitted the development of precarious housing and infrastructure in the area. It also has compromised the issuance of freehold land titles to the settlement’s dwellers. In other words, the site is under a vicious circle where neither the provision of housing and infrastructure is enough to meet the demand nor the land regularisation is completed because of the reoccupations. In sum, although the implementation of ZEIS seems to have a share of responsibility in Sapé’s upgrading process, the local authorities do not have the capacity of reinforcement necessary to maintain these improvements. Furthermore, it is fair to assume that the current legal framework provided by ZEIS is not adequate for the context of São Paulo and requires further adjustments. Not only because of the complex character of the city, but also because in practice, urban norms may be interpreted differently according to political and cultural conditions (Rolnik, 1997).
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Kallenbach-Herbert, Beate. "Public Involvement on Closure of Asse II Radioactive Waste Repository in Germany." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96090.
Full textAbstract:
From 1967 to 1978, about 125,800 barrels of low- and intermediate level waste were disposed of — nominally for research purposes — in the former “Asse” salt mine which had before been used for the production of potash for many years. Since 1988 an inflow of brine is being observed which will cause dangers of flooding and of a collapse due to salt weakening and dissolution if it should increase. Since several years the closure of the Asse repository is planned with the objective to prevent the flooding and collapse of the mine and the release of radioactive substances to the biosphere. The first concept that was presented by the former operator, however, seemed completely unacceptable to regional representatives from politics and NGOs. Their activities against these plans made the project a top issue on the political agenda from the federal to the local level. The paper traces the main reasons which lead to the severe safety problems in the past as well as relevant changes in the governance system today. A focus is put on the process for public involvement in which the Citizens’ Advisory Group “A2B” forms the core measure. Its structure and framework, experience and results, expectations from inside and outside perspectives are presented. Furthermore the question is tackled how far this process can serve as an example for a participatory approach in a siting process for a geological repository for high active waste which can be expected to be highly contested in the affected regions.
Reports on the topic "1988-2013"
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Schroeder, John A., and Gordon R. Bower. Initiating Event Rates at U.S. Nuclear Power Plants 1988–2013. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1482972.
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Schroeder, John A., and Gordon R. Bower. Initiating Event Rates at U.S. Nuclear Power Plants. 1988 - 2013. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1149013.
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