Relevant bibliographies by topics / 1997

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic '1997'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "1997"

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Luchin, Vladimir A., and Vladimir I. Matveev. "Interannual variability of thermal state of the cold subsurface layer in the Okhotsk Sea." Izvestiya TINRO 187, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2016-187-205-216.

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Long-term variability of the cold subsurface water (CSW) in the Okhotsk Sea is analyzed on the base of all available oceanographic data collected in March through August of 1946-2015 (total 65,742 stations). The Integral Heat Content (IHC) is calculated for each station and average annual IHC anomalies of the cold subsurface water are determined by month and by 2-degree grid. The IHC anomaly series are analyzed using the EOF analysis. Cycles with period of approximately 30 years are revealed in the variations of the subsurface layer heat content. Thus, in the 1946-1950, its temperature decreas
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Sisk, Dorothy A. "Creative Leadership: A Study of Middle Managers, Senior Level Managers and CEOs." Gifted Education International 15, no. 3 (May 2001): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142940101500306.

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Today's world is confronted with an increasingly complex society, explosive technological change, growing social demands and ever decreasing material and natural resources (Waterman, 1987; Bennis, 1989; Lodge, 1990; Carnes, 1992; Talbot, 1992 and Smith, 1995). World leaders are realizing the importance of judiciously employing the unique talent and creative energy of their citizens to these problems and issues (Peters & Waterman, 1982; Deming, 1986; McCrone, 1993; Woodman, Sawyer and Griffin (1993); Ainsworth-Land (1997); Mumford and Simonton (1997); Tesluk, Tarr and Kleim (1997); Diets, 1
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HICKIE, IAN, and ELIZABETH SCOTT. "Late-onset depressive disorders: a preventable variant of cerebrovascular disease?" Psychological Medicine 28, no. 5 (September 1998): 1007–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291797006090.

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The severe depressive disorders of late life are associated with high rates of medical morbidity and mortality, cognitive impairment, suicide, disability, complex treatment regimens, institutionalization and high costs to the community (Murphy, 1983; Murphy et al. 1988; Bruce & Leaf, 1989; NIH Consensus Development Panel, 1992; Alexopoulos et al. 1993a, b; Brodaty et al. 1993; Bruce et al. 1994; Forsell et al. 1994; Hickie et al. 1995; Blazer, 1996). Those disorders that are accompanied by cognitive impairment and/or concurrent medical morbidity have a particularly poor outcome (Bruce &amp
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CICCHETTI, DANTE, and J. LAWRENCE ABER. "Contextualism and developmental psychopathology." Development and Psychopathology 10, no. 2 (June 1998): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579498001540.

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The field of developmental psychopathology has grown rapidly over the past several decades and research conducted within this framework has made substantial contributions to our understanding of human adaptation and maladaptation (Cicchetti & Cohen, 1995a, 1995b; Cicchetti & Richters, 1997; Cicchetti & Toth, 1998a). Influenced by the theoretical expositions of several prominent developmentalists, including Jay Belsky (1984), Uri Bronfenbrenner (1979), Robert Emde (1994), Donald Ford and Richard Lerner (1992), Michael Lewis (1997), Patricia Minuchin (1985), Arnold Sameroff (1983; Sa
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Retallack, Gregory J. "Ordovician Life on Land and Early Paleozoic Global Change." Paleontological Society Papers 6 (November 2000): 21–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600000693.

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Many Paleontologists share the opinion of McGhee (1996), who wrote “Prior to the Devonian, there was no terrestrial ecosystem to speak of. Some primitive plants precariously establishing a beachhead in protected coastal areas was about it. The interiors of the continents of the planet Earth were as barren as the rocky landscapes of Mars.” Thus, it was with trepidation that I reported paleosols containing trace fossils of early land animals in the late Ordovician, Juniata Formation, of Pennsylvania (Retallack and Feakes, 1987; Retallack, 1992a, 1992b, 1993). My late colleague, Jane Gray, engend
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Wesche, Marjorie, and T. Sima Paribakht. "INTRODUCTION." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 21, no. 2 (June 1999): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263199002016.

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In the 12 years since Studies in Second Language Acquisition published its first thematic collection on L2 lexical issues, “The use and acquisition of the second language lexicon,” edited by S. Gass (1987), the centrality of lexical development in second language acquisition has received ever increasing recognition from researchers (see, for example, volumes by Arnaud & Béjoint, 1992; Coady & Huckin, 1997; Haastrup, 1991; Haastrup & Viberg, 1998; Harley, 1995, 1996; Hatch & Brown, 1995; Huckin, Haynes, & Coady, 1993; Meara, 1992; Nation, 1990; Schmitt & McCarthy, 1997;
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Cergole, Maria Cristina, Suzana Anita Saccardo, and Carmen L. D. B. Rossi-Wongtschowski. "Fluctuations in the spawning stock biomass and recruitment of the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) 1977-1997." Revista Brasileira de Oceanografia 50, unico (2002): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-77392002000100002.

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In the southeastern coast of Brazil, catches of the Brazilian sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis) have been decreasing from more than 200 thousand tons/year in the early '70s to about 32 thousand tons in 1990. From 1994 to 1997, catches recovered slightly (118 thousand tons), dropping then to about 20 thousand tons in 1999-2000. Extensive investigations on biology and stock assessment of Brazilian sardine have been developed in the '80s, providing stock biomass and recruitment estimates based on commercial fishing data obtained from 1977-1992. The present paper aims to update biological and stoc
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HUANG, JIA, LU GONG, SHUN-CHERN TSAUR, LIN ZHU, KEYING AN, and HONGWEI CHEN. "Revision of the subgenus Phortica (sensu stricto) (Diptera, Drosophilidae) from East Asia, with assessment of species delimitation using DNA barcodes." Zootaxa 4678, no. 1 (September 30, 2019): 1–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4678.1.1.

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A total of 50 (43 known and seven new) species in the subgenus Phortica (sensu stricto) were surveyed and (re)described from China: P. bicornuta (Chen & Toda, 1997); P. bipartita (Toda & Peng, 1992); P. biprotrusa (Chen & Toda, 1998); P. cardua (Okada, 1977); P. chi (Toda & Sidorenko, 1996); P. conifera (Okada, 1977); P. eparmata (Okada, 1977); P. eugamma (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. excrescentiosa (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. fangae (Máca, 1993); P. flexuosa (Zhang & Gan, 1986); P. foliata (Chen & Toda, 1997); P. gamma (Toda & Peng, 1990); P. gigas (Okada, 1977); P.
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Crawford, Gary W., and Chen Shen. "The origins of rice agriculture: recent progress in East Asia." Antiquity 72, no. 278 (December 1998): 858–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00087494.

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Knowledge of rice domestication and its archaeological context has been increasing explosively of late. Nearly 20 years ago rice from the Hemudu and Luojiajiao sites (FIGURE 1) indicated that rice domestication likely began before 5000 BC (Crawford 1992; Lin 1992; Yan 1990). By the late 1980s news of rice from the south-central China Pengtoushan site a thousand years older than Hemudu began to circulate (Bellwood et al. 1992; Hunan 1990; Pei 1989). Undocumented news of sites having a median date of 11,500 BP with domesticated rice has recently made the rounds (Normile 1997). In addition, the f
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Serpagli, Enrico, Annalisa Ferretti, Robert S. Nicoll, and Paolo Serventi. "The conodont genusTeridontus(Miller, 1980) from the Early Ordovician of Montagne Noire, France." Journal of Paleontology 82, no. 3 (May 2008): 612–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/06-081.1.

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The conodont genus Teridontus was introduced in 1980 by Miller and was based on the Late Cambrian species Oneotodus nakamurai Nogami, 1967 from the Yencho Member of the Fengshan Fm. of northeast China. Teridontus was later reported from either the Upper Cambrian or Lower Ordovician (Landing et al., 1980; Miller, 1980; Landing and Barnes, 1981; Landing, 1983; An et al., 1983, 1985; Ni et al., 1983; Peng et al., 1983; Nowlan, 1985; Landing et al., 1986; Bagnoli et al., 1987; An, 1987; Buggisch and Repetski, 1987; Pohler and Orchard, 1990; An and Zheng, 1990; Seo and Ethington, 1993; Wang, 1993;
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "1997"

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Arizona, University of. "1995-1996, 1996 -1997 Graduate Catalog." University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626624.

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Arizona, University of. "1997-1998, 1998-1999 Graduate Catalog." University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/580816.

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Arizona, University of. "1995-1996, 1996-1997 General Catalog." University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/580817.

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College, of Law University of Arizona. "Law Catalog, 1994-1997." College of Law, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612035.

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Library, University of Arizona, and Carla J. Stoffle. "Annual Report, 1997/1998." University of Arizona Library (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/124804.

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Liu, Chang-Cheng. "Saudi-Iranian relations, 1977-1997." Thesis, Durham University, 2003. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1731/.

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Arizona, University of. "1997-1998 General Academic Manual." University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623423.

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Kopec, David M., and Jeffrey J. Gilbert. "Overseed Greens Trial 1997-1998." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216391.

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Perennial ryegrass germplasm was quicker to establish plot cover on a "Tifgreen" bermudagrass green than that of Poa trivialis when used alone. Poa trivialis alone produced lighter color turfs when compared to perennial ryegrass. Turfgrass color was generally uniform in appearance, however, within each entry. Therefore, color as a selection criteria is a matter of choice by the user. The turfgrass mixture "Catalina/Winterplay" (80% perennial ryegrass/20% Poa trivialis) was intermediate in turfgrass color. "Brightstar II" PR generally produced a dark turf throughout the growing season. For over
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Allert, Michael. "Malaysia und die Asienkrise 1997/1998 /." Berlin : Köster, 2009. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00249892.pdf.

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Mamahit, Desi Albert. "Indonesia : the economic crisis 1997-1998." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA350161.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998.<br>Thesis advisor(s): K.L. Terasawa, Bill Gates. "June 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-181). Also available online.
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Books on the topic "1997"

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Atlantic, College (Guaynabo P. R. ). Atlantic College: Catálogo 1995-1996, 1996-1997, 1997-1998, 1998-1999. Guaynabo, Puerto Rico: Atlantic College, 1999.

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Triin, Sinissaar, Rohumaa Katre, Neimar Reet, and Tallinna Linnateater, eds. Tallinna Linnateater: Hooajad 1995/1996, 1996/1997, 1997/1998, 1998/1999, 1999/2000. [Tallinn]: Tallinna Linnateater, 2000.

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Nhà xuá̂t bản Chính trị quó̂c gia., ed. Sách xuá̂t bản 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997. Hà Nội: Nhà xuá̂t bản Chính trị quó̂c gia, 1998.

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Greenwich, University of. Strategic plan 1992/1993 - 1996/1997. London: University of Greenwich, 1993.

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Volodymyr, Lytvyn, та Smoliĭ V. A, ред. Viri︠u︡ v ukraïnsʹkyĭ narod: Vybrani statti, vystupy, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000. Kyïv: Vydavnychyĭ Dim Alʹternatyvy, 2000.

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North-South Insitute (Ottawa, Ont.), ed. Canadian development reports, 1996-1997, 1998, 1999: Rapports canadiens sur le développment, 1996-1997, 1998. Ottawa: North-South Institute, 1999.

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Industry, Construction Industry Sector Group Joint Forecasting Committee for the Construction. Construction forecasts 1997-1998-1999: Autumn 1997. London: Construction Forecasting & Research Ltd, 1997.

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Park, Peak District National. Annual review 1996-1997, yearbook 1997-1998. Bakewell: Peak District National Park Authority, 1997.

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Paul, John. Pielgrzymki do Ojczyzny: 1979, 1983, 1987, 1991, 1995, 1997 : przemówienia, homilie. Kraków: Znak, 1997.

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Industries, Joint Forecasting Committee for the Construction. Construction forecasts 1997-1998-1999: Winter 1997/98. London: Construction Forecasting & Reseach, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "1997"

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Hanusch, Frederic. "1995–1997." In Democracy and Climate Change, 115–26. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY, USA : Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315228983-6.

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Barczewski, Stephanie, John Eglin, Stephen Heathorn, Michael Silvestri, and Michelle Tusan. "1979–1997." In Britain since 1688, 332–51. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003284758-14.

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Brodén Gyberg, Veronica. "1991–1997." In Sweden’s Research Aid Policy, 124–48. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003033271-6.

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Rauchenberger, Johannes. "Miniaturphase: 1992–1997." In Alois Neuhold, 239–70. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1374-5_7.

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Elwyn, Glyn, and Cathy Charles. "Shared decision making: the principles and the competences." In Evidence-based Patient Choice, 118–43. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192631947.003.0008.

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Abstract Identifying, describing, and comparing different approaches to treatment decision making is an issue of interest to a surprisingly diverse range of health related disciplines, including medicine, nursing, bio-ethics, medical sociology, and health economics (Brody et al. 1984; Mishler 1984; Beisecker and Beisecker 1990; Emanuel and Emanuel 1992; Llewelyn and Hopkins 1993; Deber 1994; Ong et al. 1995; Quill and Cassel 1995; Deber et al. 1996; Quill and Brody 1996; Charles et al. 1997 1998 1999; Coulter 1997; Williams and Calnan 1991; Degner et al. 1997; Lupton 1997; Gafni et al. 1998; Gwyn and Elwyn 1999).
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Papp, Ratmond. "Introduction to Strategic Alignment." In Strategic Information Technology, 1–24. IGI Global, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-878289-87-2.ch001.

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The concept of strategic alignment is more than two decades old (McLean and Soden, 1977; IBM, 1981; Earl, 1983; Mills, 1986; Brancheau and Wetherbe, 1987; Parker and Benson, 1988; Henderson and Venkatraman, 1990; Dixon and John, 1991; Niederman, et. al., 1991; Watson and Brancheau, 1991; Liebs, 1992; Luftman, Lewis and Oldach, 1993; Goff, 1993), however it has never been more timely than in today’s fast-paced, dynamic business environment (Papp, 1998; Rogers, 1997). The original alignment model was a largely theoretical construct that studied only a single industry (Henderson &amp; Venkatraman, 1990; Henderson &amp; Thomas, 1992) but has since been adapted for use by virtually any industry looking to integrate their business strategies with their information technology strategies (Papp, 1995; Luftman, Papp, &amp; Brier, 1995).
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Nonaka, lkujiro, Ryoko Toyama, and Philippe Byosiere. "A Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation: Understanding the Dynamic Process of Creating Knowledge." In Organizational Learning and Knowledge, 491–517. Oxford University PressOxford, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198295839.003.0028.

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Abstract In recent years many researchers have argued that knowledge and the capability to create and utilize it are the most important sources of a firm’s sustainable competitive advantage (Cyert, Kumar, and Williams 1993; Drucker 1993; Nonaka 1990, 1991, 1994; Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995; Quinn 1992; Sveiby 1997; Teece, Pisano, and Shuen 1997; Toffler 1990; Winter 1987). In a world where markets, products, technologies, competitors, regulations, and even entire societies change very rapidly, continuous innovation and knowledge that enables such innovation have become important sources of sustainable competitive advantage.
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Krogh, Georg von, and Simon Grand. "From Economic Theory toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of _the Firm: Conceptual Building Blocks." In The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital and Organizational Knowledge, 163–84. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195138665.003.0010.

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Abstract There is consensus among entrepreneurs, managers, academics, and consultants that we are about to embark on a new economic order: a knowledge-based economy, playing by a new set of rules (Day and Schoemaker 2000, Hamel 2000). In recent years we have seen an increasing interest in firm knowledge and innovation as the source of competitive advantage, which can be traced back to the emergence of the resourcebased perspective of the firm (Wernerfeld 1984, Dierickx and Cool 1988, Barney 1991, Mahoney and Pandian 1992, Peteraf 1993, Teece et al. 1997), the growing literature on innovation (Dosi 1982, Foster 1986, Tushman and Anderson 1986, Henderson and Clark 1990, Utterback 1994, Bower and Christensen 1995, Christensen 1997), organizational learning (Hedlund 1994, Argyris and Schon 1996, Wenger 1998), and most explicitly in the recent development of a knowledge-based perspective of strategy (Nonaka 1994, von Krogh et al. 1994, Spender 1996, Grant 1996).
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Alan Pounds, J. "Amphibians and Reptiles." In Monteverde. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095609.003.0011.

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Anyone who stood on the bridge over the Río Guacimal at Monteverde on a wet-season night in the early 1980s would understand Archie Carr’s sentiments. Nearly 300 male Fleischmann’s Glass Frogs (Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni) defended territories along a 120-m section of the stream, and their loud, incessant “peeps” filled the air. In the late 1980s, however, this chorus all but fell silent as the number of glass frogs plummeted. The population has not recovered. In 1998, only a single male could be heard from the bridge. The dramatic reduction in glass frogs was part of a larger decline of Monteverde’s amphibians. A sudden crash of populations in 1987 affected species throughout the area and led to the disappearance of many (Pounds 1990, 1991a, 1997, Crump et al. 1992, Pounds and Crump 1994, Pounds and Fogden 1996, Pounds et al. 1997). The disappearance that has drawn the most attention, however, is that of the Golden Toad (Bufo periglenes). This species, known only from elfin cloud forest high on the ridgetops at Monteverde, is famous for its striking appearance and the colorful spectacle of its breeding congregations (Savage 1966, Jacobson 1983, Fogden and Fogden 1984, Jacobson and Vandenberg 1991; see Savage, “Discovery of the Golden Toad,”. Because the Golden Toad had been locally abundant in seemingly undisturbed habitats for at least 17 consecutive years, its sudden disappearance caused great alarm and dismay (Pounds et al. 1997). Interest in this case has intensified with the suggestion that it is part of a global pattern (Barinaga 1990, Blaustein and Wake 1990, 1995, Phillips 1990, 1994, Wyman 1990, Wake 1991, Wake and Morowitz 1991, Sarkar 1996; see Pounds, “Monteverde Salamanders,”). Many similar declines and disappearances have been reported for highland areas of other continents (Corn and Fogleman 1984, Heyer et al. 1988, Osborne 1989, Weygoldt 1989, Czechura and Ingram 1990, La Marca and Reinthaler 1991, Carey 1993, Fellers and Drost 1993, Kagarise Sherman and Morton 1993, Drost and Fellers 1996, Laurance et al.
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Leamy, Larry. "Dominance, Epistasis, and Fluctuating Asymmetry." In Developmental Instability, 142–56. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195143454.003.0010.

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Abstract Fluctuating asymmetry (FA), or the variation in the subtle nondirectional differences typically found between left and right sides of bilateral characters, continues to be the most widely used measure of developmental instability in populations (Parsons 1990; Zakharov 1994; Moller and Swaddle 1997). There is little doubt that the level of FA in various characters often increases if individuals suffer developmental perturbations when subjected to environmental stressors such as pollution, toxins, and parasites (Clarke 1992; Graham 1992; Polak 1997), although their effect on FA is not always found (Markow 1995; Leamy et al. 1999; Woods et al. 1999). Similarly, FA sometimes, but not always, responds to genetic stressors such as inbreeding and selection (Clarke 1993; Moller and Swaddle 1997). Levels of FA also have been linked to pollination success in plants (Moller and Eriksson 1995) and mating success in animals (Moller 1993; Moller and Pomiankowski 1993; Simmons 1994; Moller and Thornhill 1997), but more asymmetrical individuals are not always disadvantaged in the mating process (Markow 1995; Goulson et al. 1999).
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Conference papers on the topic "1997"

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Gu, W. Y., X. G. Mao, and B. A. Rawlins. "Direct Measurements of Hydraulic Permeability Coefficients of Cartilaginous Tissues." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0134.

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Abstract Fluid is a major component of cartilaginous tissues. Its transport is primarily governed by the hydraulic permeability coefficient of the tissue. The hydraulic permeability coefficient is important to the understanding of the transport processes of interstitial water and ions [e.g., Gu et al, 1993] and the viscoelastic behavior of the tissue [e.g., Mow et al, 1980; Setton et al, 1993]. However, the hydraulic permeability coefficients of these tissues are extremely low and difficult to quantify precisely. Studies in the literature report on the determination of the hydraulic permeabili
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Pao, Y. H., E. Jih, V. Siddapureddy, X. Song, R. Liu, R. McMillan, and J. M. Hu. "A Thermal Fatigue Model for Surface Mount Leadless Chip Resistor (LCR) Solder Joints." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-0884.

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Abstract The reliability of surface mount leadless solder joints, e.g., LCCC (leadless ceramic chip carrier), LCR (leadless chip resistor), and LCC (leadless chip capacitor), has been a long-term research topic due to the concern of thermal fatigue failure resulting from significant stresses and strains induced in the joint. Numerous studies of failure analysis of leadless solder joints exist in the literature, and a number of life prediction models based on different failure characterizing parameters, e.g., total strain, plastic strain, strain energy density, etc., have been developed for par
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Bhushan, Bharat. "Tribology on the Macro- to Nanoscales of MEMS Materials: A Review." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-1252.

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Abstract Silicon-based MEMS devices are made from single-crystal silicon, LPCVD polysilicon films and other ceramic films (Bhushan, 1998). For high temperature applications, SiC films are being developed to replace polysilicon films. Tribology in the MEMS devices requiring relative motion is of importance. Atomic force/friction force microscopy (AFM/FFM) and nanoindentation techniques (Bhushan et al., 1995; Bhushan, 1995, 1998) have been used for tribological studies on micro- to nanoscale on materials of interest. These techniques have been used to study surface roughness, friction, scratchin
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Ateshian, G. A., W. M. Lai, W. Y. Gu, and V. C. Mow. "Ionic Polarization in Charged Hydrated Soft Tissues." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0126.

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Abstract In the development of the continuum-based macroscopic theories for charged-hydrated soft tissues (Frank and Grodzinsky, 1987; Lai et al., 1991; Gu et al., 1993, 1998; Huyghe and Janssen, 1997), as well as in the classical physical chemistry theories for electrolyte solutions (Donnan, 1924; Katchalsky and Curran, 1975, Maroudas, 1979) it is assumed that electroneutrality is satisfied at every point in the continuum, i.e., there is no net charge at any point in the material. This assumption signifies that the electric displacement is divergence free, according to Maxwell’s macroscopic e
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Bedell, Harold E., and Susana T. L. Chung. "Elevation of Vernier thresholds during image motion depends on target configuration." In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1997.suc.4.

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Under a range of stimulus conditions, the threshold for discriminating spatial offset in a Vernier target is finer than the retinal photoreceptor mosaic, the defining characteristic of a hyperacuity (Westheimer 1975, 1979). Over the past several years, evidence has accumulated that the visual system achieves fine Vernier thresholds using different mechanisms, depending upon the characteristics of the stimulus. The most acute Vernier thresholds, obtained for highly visible, abutting line targets in the fovea, are thought to be mediated by the contrast responses of oriented cortical filters that
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Pocock, Lynn, and Robert Mallary. "Dedication ---Robert Mallary, 1917--1997." In ACM SIGGRAPH 97 Visual Proceedings: The art and interdisciplinary programs of SIGGRAPH '97. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/259081.259166.

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Glasser, Adrian, and Paul L. Kaufman. "Dynamics of Refractive Changes and Lens and Ciliary Body Movements in Rhesus Monkey Eyes During Edinger-Westphal Nucleus Stimulated Accommodation." In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.sub.1.

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Few studies have explored dynamic changes in the accommodative elements of the eye in relation to presbyopia (Schaeffel, et al., 1993; Beers &amp; Van Der Heijde, 1994, 1996; Kaufman, et al., 1997). In the normal human eye the only aspect of the accommodative apparatus readily accessible for dynamic studies is the lens. Although measurements of dynamic changes in lens thickness have been made (Beers &amp; Van Der Heijde, 1994, 1996), they provide no information on the relationship between movements of the extralenticular accommodative apparatus and the refractive changes in the eye or how thes
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Soltz, Michael A., and Gerard A. Ateshian. "Measurement of Cartilage Fluid Pressurization in Confined Compression Cyclical Loading." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0012.

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Abstract In recent studies (Oloyede and Broom, 1991; Soltz and Ateshian, 1997, 1998) it has been demonstrated from experiment and theory that compressive stresses applied across the surface of articular cartilage are supported primarily by the hydrostatic pressurization of the interstitial fluid, under configurations of confined compression creep and stress-relaxation. This pressurization is sustained for several hundred seconds before it eventually subsides, suggesting a major role for interstitial fluid in protecting the solid collagen-protcoglycan matrix from excessive stresses. In the pres
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Arditi, Aries, Lei Liu, and William Lynn. "Legibility of Outline Fonts." In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1997.sub.2.

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Several studies in recent years have demonstrated strong effects of typography on text legibility (Arditi, 1996; Arditi, Cagenello, &amp; Jacobs, 1995; Arditi, Knoblauch, &amp; Grunwald, 1990; Loomis, 1990; Mansfield, Legge, &amp; Bane, 1996; Tinker, 1963). The approach taken in this laboratory has been to assess the effects of typographic variables by comparing legibility of fonts that vary only in the dimension of interest (e.g. stroke width, spacing). While in the past we have used reading speed as a legibility criterion (Arditi et al., 1990; Knoblauch, Arditi, &amp; Szlyk, 1991), our recen
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Niebur, Glen L., Jonathan C. Yuen, Andy C. Hsia, and Tony M. Keaveny. "Convergence Characteristics of Voxel Based Finite Element Models of Trabecular Bone." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0138.

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Abstract High resolution voxel based finite element models of trabecular bone have recently become popular as a method to investigate the properties of trabecular tissue (van Rietbergen et. al., 1995; Ladd et al., 1997; Huo and Fhyrie 1995) and the effects of microstructure on apparent properties (Hollister et al., 1994). In these models, high resolution (20–80 micron) images of the trabecular bone are converted to finite element models by assigning an 8-noded brick element to each image voxel (Fhyrie et al., 1992). As these models come into more widespread use, it is important to quantify the
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Reports on the topic "1997"

1

Lo Presti, P. AGS experiments -- 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999. Fifteenth edition. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/354999.

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LO PRESTI, P. AGS EXPERIMENTS- 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 (FIFTEENTH EDITION). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10538.

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Depken, J. C., and P. L. Presti. AGS experiments -- 1995, 1996 and 1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/658374.

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Yáñez, Ernesto, George Gray-Molina, Ernesto Pérez de Rada, and Wilson Jiménez. Pobreza y activos en Bolivia: ¿Qué rol juega el capital social? Inter-American Development Bank, May 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012008.

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Análisis recientes de la pobreza en Bolivia muestran que, a pesar de un ligero descenso en el porcentaje de la población que vive en condiciones de pobreza a lo largo de la última década, el número absoluto de hogares pobres continúa en ascenso (Jiménez y Yañez 1997a y b; Vos et al. 1997; Banco Mundial 1996). El bajo nivel de crecimiento de los ingresos de los hogares más pobres sugiere que los esfuerzos sostenidos por mantener niveles de crecimiento económico moderados e incrementar la eficiencia en la asignación del gasto e inversión pública no han sido suficientes para revertir las condicio
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Tanksley, Steven D., and Dani Zamir. Development and Testing of a Method for the Systematic Discovery and Utilization of Novel QTLs in the Production of Improved Crop Varieties: Tomato as a Model System. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570570.bard.

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Modern cultivated varieties carry only a small fraction of the variation present in the gene pool. The narrow genetic basis of modern crop plants is a result of genetic bottlenecks imposed during early domestication and modern plant breeding. The wild ancestors of most crop plants can still be found in their natural habitats and Germplasm Centers have been established to collect and maintain this material. These wild and unadapted resources can potentially fuel crop plant improvement efforts for many years into the future (Tanksley and McCouch 1997). Unfortunately, scientists have been unable
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Chamovitz, Daniel, and Xing-Wang Deng. Morphogenesis and Light Signal Transduction in Plants: The p27 Subunit of the COP9-Complex. United States Department of Agriculture, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1997.7580666.bard.

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Plants monitor environmental signals and modulate their growth and development in a manner optimal for the prevailing light conditions. The mechanisms by which plants transduce light signals and integrate them with other environmental and developmental signals to regulate plant pattern development are beginning to be unraveled. A large body of knowledge has accumulated regarding the roles of specific photoreceptors in perceiving light signals, and about the downstream developmental responses responding to light (Batschauer, 1999; Chamovitz and Deng, 1996; Deng and Quail, 1999). Still, little i
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Dale, B. Institutional plan, FY 1992--1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7238790.

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Tyson, K. S. Biodiesel research progress 1992-1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/653992.

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Johnson, B. J. Asotin Creek Model Watershed 1997 Habitat Projects, 1997-1998 Annual Progress Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1293.

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Erickson, R., C. W. Allen, S. Anderson, W. Linebarger, and M. Stanek. SLAC accelerator operations report: 1995--1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/510419.

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