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Relevant bibliographies by topics / 19th century missions

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Academic literature on the topic '19th century missions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "19th century missions"

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Wariboko, Nimi. "Liverpool Merchants in 19th-Century Niger Delta." Social Sciences and Missions 31, no. 3-4 (2018): 310–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18748945-03103001.

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Abstract How does religion or worldview affect business practices and ethics? This tradition of inquiry goes back, at least, to Max Weber who, in the Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, explored the impact of theological suppositions on capitalist economic development. But the connection can also go the other way. So the focus of inquiry can become: How does business ethics or practices affect ethics in a given nation or corporation? This paper inquires into how the political and economic conditions created and sustained by nineteenth-century trading community in the Niger Delta influenced religious practices or ethics of Christian missionaries. This approach to mission study is necessary not only because we want to further understand the work of Christian missions and also to tease out the effect of business ethics on religious ethics, but also because Christian missionaries came to the Niger Delta in the nineteenth century behind foreign merchants.

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Daughrity, Dyron B. "Hinduisms, Christian Missions, and Tinnevelly Shanars." Axis Mundi 1 (October 5, 2017): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/axismundi61.

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KLUJ, WOJCIECH. "Pole pracy Misjonarzy Oblatów Maryi Niepokalanej na Cejlonie w XIX w." Annales Missiologici Posnanienses, no. 17 (December 15, 2010): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/amp.2010.17.04.

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The above presentation aimed at more specific analysis of the territory of the missionary work of oblates on Ceylon in the 19th century. On this base there will be possible to discuss more clearly forms, the scope and methods of the evangelizing work. Even though at the end of 19th century there existed in Ceylon five dioceses, from the perspective of the Oblate missions most convenient was to divide this presentation in two parts following the division of the island into the territory of the two apostolic vicariates existing in the time of the arrival of the Oblates to the island (Colombo and Jaffna). In both cases we analyzed districts and missions, where missionary posts were founded.

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Karstein, Uta. "Konkurrenzbeziehungen: Allgemeine und konfessionelle Kunstvereine im Kunstfeld des 19. Jahrhunderts." Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur 45, no. 2 (2020): 334–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iasl-2020-0019.

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AbstractThe article compares secular and faith-based art societies in the 19th century. Of special interest are the societies’ missions and purposes, as well as their activities and organizational structures. The main thesis is based on the work of German sociologist Georg Simmel and his conflict theory. I argue that the competition of these societies had invigorating effects on the field of art and its institutionalization in the course of the 19th century.

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Garcev, I. A. "Российские миссионерские журналы о деятельности скандинавских религиозных миссий в конце XIX-начале XX века(Scandinavian missions in the materials of the Russian Orthodox magazines (from the late 19th and early 20th centuries))". Poljarnyj vestnik 1 (1 лютого 1998): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/6.1436.

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The Russian Orthodox magazines - Pravoslavny Blagovestnik, Missio- nerskoe obozrenie, Amerikansky pravoslavny vestnik, and others - are important and interesting sources. These periodicals describe missionary activity in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Naturally, these magazines were primarily concerned with the missionary attempts of the "Great Powers". But the work of Scandinavian missions was also covered. The material can be divided into three categories: historical reviews, statistics, and so-called "missionary problems". The reviews deal with the history of all influential Scandinavian missionary organizations - The Norwegian Missionary Society, The Norwegian Covenant Mission, The Danish Missionary Society, The Church of Sweden Mission. The statistical material - the number of missionary organizations and missionaries, native assistants, converts, financial support - offers a chance to compare Scandinavian missionary activity on an international scale. At the turn of the 19th century the problems between missionaries and native inhabitants became very topical. These problems, too, were touched upon in Russian religious magazines. On the whole, the role of Scandinavian missions in the missionary movement was evaluated in an objective manner.

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Sasaki, Elisa Massae. "Estudos de Japonologia no Período Meiji." Estudos Japoneses, no. 37 (June 29, 2017): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2447-7125.v0i37p19-32.

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In the end of the Tokugawa period (1603-1868), inaugurated the Meiji period (1868- 1912), which implies a transformation without precedent in Japan, when it began to have an intense contact with Western countries, sending diplomatic missions, as the Iwakura Mission, as well as getting hired foreigners (Oyatoi gaikokujin), to acquire knowledge and technology and thus they match and even surpass them in the late 19th century to the 20th. In this context, Japanology, that is, how to think and imagine Japan also won other contours.

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Lyon, Eileen Groth, and Susan Thorne. "Congregational Missions and the Making of an Imperial Culture in 19th-Century England." Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies 32, no. 3 (2000): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4053949.

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Shukurov, Rustam. "STUDY OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS OF THE BUKHARA EMIRATE IN MODERN RUSSIAN HISTORIORGRAPHY." JOURNAL OF LOOK TO THE PAST 4, no. 4 (2021): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9599-2021-4-10.

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The article presents the scientific conclusions of modern historiographic research on the history of diplomatic relations of the Bukhara Emirate. The object of the research is the analysis of the history of the activities of Alexander Burns, who carried out a diplomatic mission in Central Asia in the first quarter of the 19th century. The history of the diplomatic missions of the Russian and British empires in relation to the Bukhara Emirate is highlighted. Although most of the research on the history of the Bukhara Emirate has been carried out by historians from Uzbekistan, Russia and Tajikistan, historians from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan can also be found.Index Terms:Bukhara Emirate, embassy, diplomacy, expedition, mission, historiography, research, analysis, conclusion

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GHEORGHE, Elena. "ROMANIAN RELIGION AND CUSTOMS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 19TH CENTURY IN THE VISION OF FOREIGN TRAVELERS." Icoana Credintei 7, no. 13 (2021): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.26520/icoana.2021.13.7.92-102.

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The notes of foreign travelers represent a major source of interest for the reconstruction of Romanian society in the middle of the nineteenth century. Although they were not "professional" historians, most often curiosity or diplomatic missions brought them to these lands, their visits led them to numerous political, economic, cultural and psychological observations.Abundance of travelogues and testimonies on the Romanian Lands of this period represents the consequence of the international reactivation of the “oriental problem” and of the intensification of the struggle for emancipation and national liberation of the peoples of the Balkans. of the culture from which they came, foreign travelers projected, consciously or not, their own light on the realities they presented. In no other historical source will we find anything more picturesque and full of life than in the events and descriptions presented by them.

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Hall, Randolph W. "Creating the Innovative University." Technology & Innovation 21, no. 4 (2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21300/21.4.2020.3.

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Universities are among the oldest institutions in the world. In America, most of the highest-ranked universities were founded in the 19th century or earlier. Despite their age, universities need to innovate, perhaps now more than ever, to serve evolving societal needs, modernize through use of technology, stay financially viable, and fulfill their missions. University innovation is more than inventorship, technology transfer, and commercialization. It entails developing a culture that stimulates novel and integrated change through education, research, and public service as well as clinical care, athletics, the arts, and various auxiliary activities. This article shows how innovation appears in university rankings and in university mission statements, providing insights into how universities can become innovative universities.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "19th century missions"

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Clark, Christopher Munro. "Jewish mission in the Christian state : Protestant missions to the Jews in 18th- and 19th-century Prussia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386487.

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Darch, John. "The influence of British Protestant missionaries on the development of the British Empire in Africa and the Pacific circa 1865 to circa 1885." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683148.

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Ross, John Stuart. "Time for favour : Scottish missions to the Jews, 1838-1852." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683369.

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Kim, Yang-Tae. "A holistic mission for the Korean Church : considered against the background of the 19th century western missionary movement in Korea." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683221.

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Vumi, Diambu Georges. "Histoire des missions protestantes: la Baptist Missionary Society en Afrique; la période héroïque ou pionnière." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211853.

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Wilcox, Andrew. "Orientalism and imperialism : Protestant missionary narratives of the 'other' in nineteenth and early twentieth century Kurdistan." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16754.

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Through an examination of the letters, reports and published writings of the missionaries of two distinctive Protestant missions active in the Kurdish region during the nineteenth century, this thesis explores the Orientalist and imperialist qualities of missionary knowledge production. It demonstrates the diversity of Protestant missionary thought on the subject of the Orient and the individual nature of missionary knowledge production during this period. Equally importantly the study allows for a critical examination of the Orientalist critique in the context of missionary activity and a contextualised assessment of missionary complicity with imperialism. The findings of the study show that the Orientalism of the Anglican ‘Assyrian Mission’ and that of the American Presbyterian ‘West Persia Mission’ share common characteristics but, importantly, diverge diametrically in the meanings ascribed to the differences perceived to separate ‘Oriental’ from ‘Occidental’. This diversity in the representative style of the two missions can be linked to their opposed objectives in relation to proselytisation and thus suggests that their knowledge production was not solely determined by Orientalist discourse but also influenced by other discursive factors. Given Edward Said’s recognition of the diversity of the phenomenon of Orientalism it is therefore of great value to attempt to map some of this vast and divergent terrain of ideas. My thesis thus suggests that a meaningful division can be made within the Orientalist discourse between expressions of an Orientalism of essential difference and that of an Orientalism of circumstantial difference. Concerning imperialism, the study argues that, although these missionaries can be considered imperialists in an unwitting and indirect sense, care needs to be taken in the application of this label. My argument is that association with and contribution to textual attitudes which promote ideas of ontological or cultural superiority are a very different activity to conscious engagement in projects of imperial expansion; and that this needs to be recognised. Furthermore the standard model of a political metropolitan center determining the fate of its activities in the periphery is reversed in the case of these missionaries, where religious concerns drove engagement against political interests.

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Blake, Lynn Alison. "Let the cross take possession of the earth : missionary geographies of power in nineteenth-century British Columbia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0034/NQ27108.pdf.

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Chu, Yiu-kwong. "Between unity and diversity : the role of William Milne in the development of the Ultra-Ganges missions." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1999. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/155.

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Geilman, Douglas James. "The Etoile Du Deseret: Portrait of the French Mission, 1851-1852." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4713.

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One of John Taylor's most significant achievements during his mission to France, 1849-1851, was the publication of a French-language Latter-day Saint periodical, the Etoile du Déséret. Appearing in twelve issues from May 1851 to December 1852, the Etoile served a variety of functions for the earliest missionaries and members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in France. A study of its historical context and of its contents allows readers a glimpse into the circumstances under which the missionaries labored and into the needs of the growing Church. Furthermore, the Etoile provides a vivid example of John Taylor's spiritual leadership, proselytizing methods, and preaching skills.The French Mission was established in 1850, three years after the arrival of the Latter-day Saints in the Salt Lake Valley and two years after a revolution had removed the French monarchy from power and instituted a republic. Although civilization was just taking root in the Great Basin, several members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles departed on foreign missions in the fall of 1849, including John Taylor. Elder Taylor, his companion Curtis E. Bolton, and early convert Louis A. Bertrand took advantage of the liberties granted in the French constitution of 1848 in order to inaugurate their publication. The periodical allowed them to spread their message farther than they could have otherwise, since their proselytizing was limited by governmental restrictions and Taylor's difficulties in speaking French.The contents of the Etoile du Déséret reveal that the missionaries used their periodical to introduce Latter-day Saint doctrine and news to readers, in addition to communicating with and instructing fledgling members of the Church. Historical details included in the text allow contemporary readers to create a timeline of events in the early French Mission, such as the establishment of a new branch and the publication of the Book of Mormon in French.This thesis contends that the twelve issues of the Etoile du Déséret considered together reveal a systematic preaching method in John Taylor's writings, personal and spiritual growth on the part of the men who worked on the publication, and the situation of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints during its earliest years in France.

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Pang, Ching-yee, and 彭靜儀. "Other people's children: protestant missionaries, Chinese Christians and constructions of childhood incolonial Hong Kong, 1880-1941." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46603803.

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Books on the topic "19th century missions"

1

Mignon, Andrea. The 19th century Lutheran mission in Botswana. Botswana Society, 1996.

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Rāẏa, Binaẏa Bhūshaṇa. Zenana mission: The role of Christian missionaries for the education of women in 19th century Bengal. Indian Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1998.

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On the threshold of the closed empire: Mid-19th century missions in Okinawa. W. Carey Library, 1991.

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God's messenger: J.F. Riemenschneider and racial conflict in 19th century New Zealand. Huia Publishers, 2008.

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Philosophy, science, and theology of mission in the 19th and 20th centuries: A missiological encyclopedia. P. Lang, 1995.

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Philosophy, science and theology of mission in the 19th and 20th centuries: A missiological encyclopedia. 2nd ed. P. Lang, 2002.

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Fauconnet-Buzelin, Françoise. Les porteurs d'espérance: La mission du Tibet-Sud, 1848-1854. Cerf, 1999.

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Fauconnet-Buzelin, Françoise. Les porteurs d'espérance: La mission du Tibet-Sud, 1848-1854. Cerf, 1999.

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1949-, Raahauge Kristine, and Gulløv Hans Christian, eds. Cultural encounters at Cape Farewell: The East Greenlandic immigrants and the German Moravian mission in the 19th century. Museum Tusculanum Press, 2011.

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The Chinese recorder index: A guide to Christian missions in Asia, 1867-1941. Scholarly Resources Inc., 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "19th century missions"

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"Civilizing Missions from the 19th to the 21st Centuries, or from Uplifting to Democratization." In Civilizing Missions in the Twentieth Century. BRILL, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004438125_002.

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"Missions, Charity, and Humanitarian Action in the Levant (19th–20th Century)." In Christian Missions and Humanitarianism in The Middle East, 1850-1950. BRILL, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004434530_003.

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Kurzman, Charles. "Liberal Islam versus Revolutionary Islamism." In The Missing Martyrs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190907976.003.0004.

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Liberal Islamic movements represent a significant challenge for revolutionary Islamists, who loathe them for it. Rooted in 19th century Islamic reformism, liberal ideals such as democracy and peaceful coexistence are more popular among Muslims than theocracy and terrorism, according to survey data, election results, and mass mobilizations over the past generation. The mainstream position in many Muslim communities is a combination of cultural conservatism and political liberalism—apprehensive about many aspects of Western liberalism, but staunchly opposed to revolutionary violence. In many Muslim-majority countries, adherents of liberal Islam find themselves under attack both by Islamist revolutionaries and by authoritarian regimes.

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"Chinese Perspectives on Medical Missionaries in the 19th Century: The Chinese Medical Missionary Journal." In Critical Readings in the History of Christian Mission. BRILL, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004399617_057.

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WERNER, YVONNE MARIA. "THE SCANDINAVIAN MISSION OF THE SISTERS OF SAINT JOSEPH." In Religious Institutes and Catholic Culture in 19th and 20th Century Europe. Leuven University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1jkts1r.11.

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Rogers, Rebecca. "French Variations on the Educational Civilizing Mission (19th–20th century). Cherchez les missionaires, cherchez les femmes!" In Folds of Past, Present and Future. De Gruyter, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110623451-011.

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Kalayci, İsa, and Ahmet Kuşçi. "From Theory to Discussion Orientalism and History From Past to Present." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7180-4.ch052.

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The subject of orientalism is generally discussed by both Western and Eastern researchers from a religious-centered perspective. However, this issue can be understood by analyzing in terms of inter-communal and socio-economic-cultural interactions and perceptions. In this respect, revealing the relationship between orientalism and history strengthens the originality claim of this chapter. In addition to this, considering that mission of history science is not just “past,” knowledge about the current debates of orientalism is significant in analyzing the situation. This makes it necessary to research the “orientalism-history-media” equation. In short, the reflections of orientalism in media are also addressed in order to reach the current knowledge in this section. Therefore, it has been tried to reveal how a historical issue evolved in the 19th century.

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Hudnut-Beumler, James. "The Changing Face of the Catholic South." In Strangers and Friends at the Welcome Table. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469640372.003.0009.

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Of all European faiths transplanted to what became the U.S. southern states, Roman Catholicism came first. Southern Catholicism was mostly confined to the Atlantic and Gulf coasts and the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys, leading a Glenmary priest to dub the interior “No Priest Land.” This chapter depicts the Catholic filling of the southern interior in four waves: first, select immigrant towns were established like Cullman, Alabama in the 19th century, home to a Benedictine monastery; a second wave came in the early and mid-20th century with the Glenmary Home Missioners and a colorful nun named Mother Angelica, determined in different ways to evangelize and serve the South; the third wave came from rustbelt transplant Catholics moving south for jobs, especially with the auto industry in the 1980s forward; finally, the fourth and largest wave is composed of Hispanic Catholics helping making the South’s states the fastest growing in Hispanic population 2000-2010. This chapter features visits to two fast growing Hispanic congregations, one largely Mexican in ethnicity, the other pan-Central American. The principal emerging religious feature for Catholicism in the South that it has quickly become the most immigrant-embracing form of Christianity in the region.

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"Propagated Fish in Resource Management." In Propagated Fish in Resource Management, edited by SCOTT BOSSE. American Fisheries Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569698.ch38.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—The introduction of nonnative lake trout into lakes across the western United States has had profound effects on adfluvial cutthroat trout <em>Oncorhynchus clarkii </em>and other native ichthyofauna. Such is the case in Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks, where lake trout from the Great Lakes were first introduced at the end of the 19th century. Today, lake trout <em>Salvelinus namaycush </em>pose a major threat to the world’s largest population of interior cutthroat trout in Yellowstone Lake and have contributed to sharp declines of Snake River finespotted cutthroat trout <em>O. clarkii behnkei </em>in nearby Jackson Lake. The management responses of the two parks to these lake trout invasions have differed markedly. Yellowstone National Park has acted to sharply reduce lake trout numbers in Yellowstone Lake by instituting an aggressive gillnetting program. In contrast, Grand Teton continues to allow the Wyoming Game and Fish Department to stock tens of thousands of lake trout fingerlings in Jackson Lake annually. The discrepancy in lake trout management policies likely stems from the fact that different agencies with conflicting mandates oversee fisheries management in the two parks. While fisheries in Yellowstone are managed by the National Park Service, which has a strict preservation mandate, Grand Teton’s fisheries are managed by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department, whose mission is to maintain an abundant supply of diverse, high quality fishing opportunities.

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Holliday, Vance T. "Soil Surveys and Archaeology." In Soils in Archaeological Research. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195149654.003.0007.

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Soil survey and mapping is one of the most fundamental and best-known applications of pedology. The preparation of soil maps began in the 19th century (Yaalon, 1997), but systematic county-based soil surveys began in the 20th century in the United States (Simonson, 1987, p. 3). The production of soil maps based on systematic soil surveys has been one of the primary driving forces in pedologic research in both academic and governmental settings in the United States and worldwide through much of the 20th century (Simonson, 1987, 1997; Yaalon and Berkowicz, 1997). For example, soil survey and mapping has been a primary function of the USDA since 1899 (Simonson, 1987, p. 3; Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993, p. 11). Soil maps have been prepared for a variety of uses at scales ranging from a few hectares to those of continental and global magnitude. Published soil surveys contain a wealth of data on landscapes as well as soils, but are generally an underused (and likely misunderstood) resource in geoarchaeology, probably because of their agricultural and land-use orientation. This chapter presents a discussion of what soil surveys are (and are not) and potential as well as realized applications in archaeology. Much of the discussion focuses on the county soil surveys published by the USDA because they are so widely available, although applications of other kinds and scales of soil maps that have been applied in archaeology or that have archaeological applications also are discussed. Many countries in the world have national soil surveys whose primary mission is the mapping and inventorying of the nation’s soil resource. In the United States, soil survey is a cooperative venture of federal agencies, state agencies (including the Agricultural Experiment Stations), and local agencies, coordinated by the National Cooperative Soil Survey (Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993, p. 11). The principal federal agency involved in soil survey is the National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS; formerly the Soil Conservation Service, SCS) of the USDA. The mapping of soils by the NRCS/USDA is probably the agency’s best-known activity. Its many published county soil surveys are its most widely known and widely used product.

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Conference papers on the topic "19th century missions"

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Gillmer, Thomas C. "The Design and Construction of the Second Pride of Baltimore." In SNAME 9th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium. SNAME, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/csys-1989-004.

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The PRIDE of Baltimore II was ordered to be built as a result of the tragic loss of her predecessor. She is not, however, a simple replacement. The purpose is, of course, to continue and extend the mission so successfully advanced during the more than nine years of nearly continuous sailing commission of "PRIDE I". This program is at the core of her design. She is, in configuration, sailplan, and material, a traditional fore-topsail schooner, typical of those built in Baltimore early in the 19th Century. She is very much in appearance like the first vessel, built 1976-77, which she replaces. Her design and structure, however, are considerably more advanced. Using contemporary techniques and tools in both design and construction she is, we believe, one of the finest wooden schooners of this size to be built. It is the purpose of this paper to describe some of the design and construction features that make this vessel unique.

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Brown, Samuel J. "An Introduction to the ASME HPS Section 6000 “Hazardous Release Protection”: Historical Development of a Means to Reduce Risk From Pressure Systems Failure." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-1814.

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The history of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes and Standards tells us that they were a response in 1915 by the ASME to reduce the numerous explosive failures in the 19th Century that resulted in personnel injury and death, in addition to extensive property loss. The number and scope of ASME Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes and Standards have been issued to cover various applications and operating conditions as the needs have been identified. In the 1970’s, the subcommittee on high pressure technology of the OAC (Operations Applications Components) committee of the ASME Pressure Vessel and Piping Division petitioned the ASME Codes and Standards Council to form a standards committee to prepare a High Pressure Systems Standard that addresses the establishment of a performance criteria and protection criteria for the pressure system. A risk based criterion was provided as a basis for determining if the system design application (siting) exceeds or needs improved reliability for the safety of personnel. The Section 6000 (as well as Sections 1000 to 5000) was begun with a draft outline in 1981 and approved in 2002. Section 6000 “Hazardous Release Protection” of the HPS standard provides a risk based criterion to assess the pressure system internal and external kinetic energy and degenerative hazards and permits a number of ways to lower risk to personnel and structures (e.g., redesign of the pressure system, protection (reduction of consequences), improved inspection (reduction of event probability), etc.). The types of hazards considered are: pressure waves, missiles, foundation motion, radiant heat/fireballs, fire, biological effects, chemical effects, and ionizing radiation. This paper briefly examines: the history of the development of Section 6000, the motivating safety issues, the scope and intent of the various paragraphs of the ASME Section 6000 of the High Pressure System (HPS) standard, its relationship to Sections 1000 to 5000 of the HPS, and some incidences of system failures which identify a need for guidance regarding tolerable risk, other guidelines, standard and code development, and some references that document its development.

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