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Dissertations / Theses on the topic '19th century missions'
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Clark, Christopher Munro. "Jewish mission in the Christian state : Protestant missions to the Jews in 18th- and 19th-century Prussia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386487.
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Darch, John. "The influence of British Protestant missionaries on the development of the British Empire in Africa and the Pacific circa 1865 to circa 1885." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683148.
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Ross, John Stuart. "Time for favour : Scottish missions to the Jews, 1838-1852." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683369.
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Kim, Yang-Tae. "A holistic mission for the Korean Church : considered against the background of the 19th century western missionary movement in Korea." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683221.
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Vumi, Diambu Georges. "Histoire des missions protestantes: la Baptist Missionary Society en Afrique; la période héroïque ou pionnière." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211853.
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Wilcox, Andrew. "Orientalism and imperialism : Protestant missionary narratives of the 'other' in nineteenth and early twentieth century Kurdistan." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16754.
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Through an examination of the letters, reports and published writings of the missionaries of two distinctive Protestant missions active in the Kurdish region during the nineteenth century, this thesis explores the Orientalist and imperialist qualities of missionary knowledge production. It demonstrates the diversity of Protestant missionary thought on the subject of the Orient and the individual nature of missionary knowledge production during this period. Equally importantly the study allows for a critical examination of the Orientalist critique in the context of missionary activity and a contextualised assessment of missionary complicity with imperialism. The findings of the study show that the Orientalism of the Anglican ‘Assyrian Mission’ and that of the American Presbyterian ‘West Persia Mission’ share common characteristics but, importantly, diverge diametrically in the meanings ascribed to the differences perceived to separate ‘Oriental’ from ‘Occidental’. This diversity in the representative style of the two missions can be linked to their opposed objectives in relation to proselytisation and thus suggests that their knowledge production was not solely determined by Orientalist discourse but also influenced by other discursive factors. Given Edward Said’s recognition of the diversity of the phenomenon of Orientalism it is therefore of great value to attempt to map some of this vast and divergent terrain of ideas. My thesis thus suggests that a meaningful division can be made within the Orientalist discourse between expressions of an Orientalism of essential difference and that of an Orientalism of circumstantial difference. Concerning imperialism, the study argues that, although these missionaries can be considered imperialists in an unwitting and indirect sense, care needs to be taken in the application of this label. My argument is that association with and contribution to textual attitudes which promote ideas of ontological or cultural superiority are a very different activity to conscious engagement in projects of imperial expansion; and that this needs to be recognised. Furthermore the standard model of a political metropolitan center determining the fate of its activities in the periphery is reversed in the case of these missionaries, where religious concerns drove engagement against political interests.
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Blake, Lynn Alison. "Let the cross take possession of the earth : missionary geographies of power in nineteenth-century British Columbia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0034/NQ27108.pdf.
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Chu, Yiu-kwong. "Between unity and diversity : the role of William Milne in the development of the Ultra-Ganges missions." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1999. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/155.
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Geilman, Douglas James. "The Etoile Du Deseret: Portrait of the French Mission, 1851-1852." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4713.
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One of John Taylor's most significant achievements during his mission to France, 1849-1851, was the publication of a French-language Latter-day Saint periodical, the Etoile du Déséret. Appearing in twelve issues from May 1851 to December 1852, the Etoile served a variety of functions for the earliest missionaries and members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in France. A study of its historical context and of its contents allows readers a glimpse into the circumstances under which the missionaries labored and into the needs of the growing Church. Furthermore, the Etoile provides a vivid example of John Taylor's spiritual leadership, proselytizing methods, and preaching skills.The French Mission was established in 1850, three years after the arrival of the Latter-day Saints in the Salt Lake Valley and two years after a revolution had removed the French monarchy from power and instituted a republic. Although civilization was just taking root in the Great Basin, several members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles departed on foreign missions in the fall of 1849, including John Taylor. Elder Taylor, his companion Curtis E. Bolton, and early convert Louis A. Bertrand took advantage of the liberties granted in the French constitution of 1848 in order to inaugurate their publication. The periodical allowed them to spread their message farther than they could have otherwise, since their proselytizing was limited by governmental restrictions and Taylor's difficulties in speaking French.The contents of the Etoile du Déséret reveal that the missionaries used their periodical to introduce Latter-day Saint doctrine and news to readers, in addition to communicating with and instructing fledgling members of the Church. Historical details included in the text allow contemporary readers to create a timeline of events in the early French Mission, such as the establishment of a new branch and the publication of the Book of Mormon in French.This thesis contends that the twelve issues of the Etoile du Déséret considered together reveal a systematic preaching method in John Taylor's writings, personal and spiritual growth on the part of the men who worked on the publication, and the situation of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints during its earliest years in France.
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Pang, Ching-yee, and 彭靜儀. "Other people's children: protestant missionaries, Chinese Christians and constructions of childhood incolonial Hong Kong, 1880-1941." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46603803.
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Morriello, Francesco Anthony. "The Atlantic Revolutions and the movement of information in the British and French Caribbean, c. 1763-1804." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/274901.
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This dissertation examines how news and information circulated among select colonies in the British and French Caribbean during a series of military conflicts from 1763 to 1804, including the American War of Independence (1775-1783), French Revolutionary Wars (1792-1802), and the Haitian Revolution (1791-1804). The colonies included in this study are Barbados, Jamaica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Saint-Domingue. This dissertation argues that the sociopolitical upheaval experienced by colonial residents during these military conflicts led to an increased desire for news that was satiated by the development and improvement of many processes of collecting and distributing information. This dissertation looks at some of these processes, the ways in which select social groups both influenced and were affected by them, and why such phenomena occurred in the greater context of the 18th and early 19th century Caribbean at large. In terms of the types of processes, it examines various kinds of print culture, such as colonial newspapers, books, and almanacs, as well as correspondence records among different social groups. In terms of which groups are studied, these include printers, postal service workers, colonial and naval officials, and Catholic missionaries. The dissertation is divided into five chapters, the first of which provides insight into the operation of the mail service established in the aforementioned colonies, and the ways in which the Atlantic Revolutions impacted their service in terms of the different historical actors responsible for collecting and distributing correspondences. Chapter two looks at select British and French colonial printers, their print shops, and the book trade in the Caribbean isles during the 18th century. Chapter three delves into the colonial newspapers and compares the differences and similarities among government-sanctioned newspapers vis-à-vis independently produced papers. It uses the case of the Haitian Revolution to track how news of the slave insurrection was disseminated or constricted in the weeks immediately following the night of 22 August 1791. Chapter four examines the colonial almanac as a means of connecting colonial residents with people across the wider Atlantic World. It also surveys the development of these pocketbooks from mere astrological calendars to essential items that owners customized and frequently carried on their person, given the swathes of information they featured after the American War of Independence. The final chapter looks at the daily operations of Capuchin and Dominican missionaries in Martinique and Guadeloupe at the end of the 18th century and how they maintained their communications within the islands and with the heads of their Catholic orders in France, as well as in Rome. Overall, this project aims to fill in some of the gaps in the literature regarding how select British and French colonial residents received and dispatched information, and the effect this had in their respective Caribbean islands. It also sheds light on some of the ways that slaves were incorporated into the mechanisms by which information was collected and distributed, such as their encounters with printers, employment as couriers, and use as messengers to relay documents between colonial officials. In doing so, it hopes to encourage future discussion regarding how information moved in the British and French Caribbean amid periods of revolution and military conflict, how and why these processes changed, and the impact this had on print culture and mail systems in the post-revolutionary period of the 19th century.
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Nickel, Sandra Michelle Ingrid. "Linguistic power in mid-19th century correspondence from the Church Missionary Society Yorùbá mission." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11801/.
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This thesis explores how the religious encounter between 19th century missionaries of the Church Missionary Society and the Yorùbá in the Southwest of, what today is, Nigeria was shaped through linguistically constructed power dynamics in the missionaries’ correspondence. The source material for this thesis consists of European and African missionaries’ letters, journal entries, and diaries, which are archived in the Cadbury Research Library in Birmingham. In an inductive approach to these documents, I apply methods from the fields of translation studies, sociolinguistics, pragmatics, and discourse analysis to the analysis of the construction and expression of linguistic power. I explore the linguistic and religio-political considerations behind the commission of Yorùbá to writing and the choice of Yorùbá words for Christian concepts in translation work. They reflect that the missionaries had to relinquish some of the interpretational authority over their message in order to accommodate already existing linguistic forms. The linguistic remapping of the Yorùbá world meant a shift of control over the shape of Yorùbá Christianity, as the re-interpretation of elements of ‘traditional’ belief allowed them to be incorporated by converts into their new faith. I discuss the African agents’ linguistic means of positioning themselves in the European-dominated missionary world. Negotiating their identity as African Christians by disaffiliating themselves from past relations, positioning themselves as part of the in-group of missionaries, and indicating their new group affiliations through intertextual links with Christian texts, they constructed a new space and agency for themselves. Finally, the source material is part of the missionary institutional discourse, to which generally only male missionaries and their superiors could contribute. These discursive gatekeepers excluded other voices, and made it possible to construct and tell a narrative of missionary work as successful and necessary. The discussion of correspondence from two members of excluded groups shows that the social control exerted by means of these restrictions was not absolute, and allowed for alternative forms of agency. I conclude that the power dynamics constructed and reflected in the missionaries’ correspondence must be considered adaptable and responsive to individual and group agency.
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Böttcher, Judith Lena. "Vowed to community or ordained to mission? : aspects of separation and integration in the Lutheran Deaconess Institute, Neuendettelsau, Bavaria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:75ce64eb-5a38-4d36-84d7-c48071df089c.
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This study offers an overdue exploration of the early years of the deaconess community in Neuendettelsau from a gender perspective. Drawing on rich archival material, it focuses on the process of the formation of a distinctive collective identity. Central to this study is the assumption, drawn from the social sciences, that collective identity is a social construction which requires the participation of the whole group through identification and which is consolidated by developing specific rituals, symbols, codes and normative texts, which facilitate integration, and by constructing external boundaries, which separate from the world and wider church. The centrifugal forces which came into play when deaconesses were sent out in isolation were counterbalanced by a communal life which offered forms of participation and identification for the individual members and which consolidated their sense of belonging. The first chapter introduces the methodology. Chapter Two explores the social, cultural and theological context of the foundation of the Deaconess Institute, and offers a brief outline of the institution's historical development. The third chapter offers an in-depth analysis of the initiation ceremony as a rite which both admitted into the community and conferred an ecclesiastical office. Chapter Four analyses formative and normative texts that shed light on the community's norms, values, and expectations. In the fifth chapter, non-literary means of consolidating and affirming the deaconesses' collective identity are explored. This study concludes that the process of the emergence of a specific deaconess culture was pervaded by bourgeois norms, values, patterns of behaviour and notions about gender roles which measured out the women's radius of action and were at times difficult to reconcile with the deaconess profession.
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Chaaya, Saïd. "Dialogues interreligieux, débats intellectuels et franc-maçonnerie dans la province ottomane de Syrie du milieu du XIXe siècle aux années 1920." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE5021.
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La franc-maçonnerie apparaît être, dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle et au début du XXe, un élément essentiel du développement intellectuel et culturel du Bilâd al-Shâm. Ses membres sont impliqués dans le mouvement de renaissance intellectuelle Nahda, qui profite de l’ère politique nouvelle de l’Empire ottoman ouverte par les tanzimat. Dans ce contexte, les conflits religieux continuent d’agiter une société confessionnalisée, que les francs-maçons entraînent dans la voie du progrès, de la modernité et de la laïcité. Dans la 1e partie de la thèse, on présente la franc-maçonnerie dans sa réalité concrète à Beyrouth et au Mont Liban, prenant pour modèles deux loges, Palestine et Le Liban, mais aussi dans sa dimension spirituelle. Le processus d’intégration de la franc-maçonnerie et d’inculturation dans le milieu arabe est souligné, de même que le rôle que les francs-maçons font jouer à la Société Scientifique Syrienne. L’émir Muhammad Arslan, franc-maçon et réformateur, est présentée en tant qu’exemple d’une Aufklärung arabe. La 2e partie de la thèse montre le dialogue stérile entre francs-maçons et jésuites en Syrie ottomane. Le jugement sur l’entrée des croyants en franc-maçonnerie que porte un savant musulman, est présenté à partir de l’étude du premier manuscrit en arabe qui en traite. La thèse fait appel à divers témoignages publiés de contemporains, mais aussi à des manuscrits conservés dans des archives publiques et privées. Plusieurs d’entre eux sont utilisés pour la première fois, tel le plus ancien rituel maçonnique en langue arabe, le règlement intérieur de la première loge de Beyrouth ou les statuts inédits de la Société Scientifique Syrienne fondée par les francs-maçons. La recherche conduit ainsi à relever de quelle manière la franc-maçonnerie au cœur de débats, a proposé un modèle de société qui apparaît davantage méta-religieux qu’areligieux ou antireligieux. Cette société est celle où peut vivre désaliéné quiconque aspire au progrès et à la modernité<br>Freemasonry appears to be in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, an essential part of the cultural development of Bilâd al-Shâm. Its members were involved in the intellectual movement revival "Nahda", which itself has been able to take advantage of the new political era of the Ottoman Empire opened by the Tanzimat. Religious conflicts continued to wave a confessional society. The Freemasons led it in the path of progress, modernity and secularism. In the 1st part of the thesis, we present Freemasonry in its concrete reality in Beirut and Mount Lebanon, through two lodges, Palestine and Le Liban, but also in its spiritual dimension. The integration and the Arabization process is emphasized by Freemasonry through the use of the ritual, and in the role that Freemasons played in the constitution of the Syrian Scientific Society in Beirut. A personality of rare diplomacy and knowledge, Emir Muhammad Arslan, Freemason and reformer, is presented as an example of an Arab intellectual. The 2nd part shows the fruitless dialogue between the Freemasons and the Jesuits in Ottoman Syria. The case of the Wandering Jew is an emblematic episode in the struggle for secularism led by Freemasons. Also we present the 1st manuscript written in Arabic in the Ottoman Empire by a Muslim scholar. The thesis uses various published testimonies of contemporaries, but is also based on manuscripts kept in public and private archives. Some of them, which have never been used so far, such as the oldest Masonic ritual in Arabic, provide a new light on the beginning of Freemasonry in Beirut and on its impact in the history of Ottoman Syria. The research concludes how Freemasonry at the heart of debates, was able to propose a new model of society that seems more meta-religious than non-religious or anti-religious. This is the new society, in which every human being is able to yearn for freedom and aspire to progress and modernity
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Lanusse-Cazalé, Hélène. "Protestants et protestantisme dans le Sud aquitain (1802 - 1905). Espaces, réseaux et pouvoirs." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU1008/document.
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À partir de l’exemple du Sud de l’Aquitaine, véritable condensé des sensibilités protestantes de l’Europe du XIXe siècle, une analyse multi-scalaire permet d’appréhender les processus de réintégration et d’affirmation du protestantisme qui, au terme d’un siècle de persécutions et de clandestinité, devient une confession reconnue. De la promulgation des Articles organiques du 18 germinal an X à la Séparation des Églises et de l’État, l’étude du pluralisme protestant permet de définir de nouveaux espaces ainsi que de nouvelles et multiples formes de structuration institutionnelle. L’existence de lignes de partage externes, visibles au travers des modalités de coexistence, et internes, par les points de tension inhérents à cette pluralité, révèle, quant à elle, les différents traits d’une identité protestante qui ne se conçoit que dans la diversité. Au-delà de ses divergences, cette minorité active fait preuve d’une vision collective et spatiale : par la création d’un territoire concurrent de l’Église catholique, par sa reconstruction institutionnelle, par ses réseaux, par ses engagements politiques, par la relecture de son histoire, elle se forge une identité originale et prétend jouer un rôle moteur dans la société de son temps<br>Using as example the South of Aquitaine, a veritable concentration of protestant school of thought in Europe in the 19th century, a multi-scalar analysis throws light on the processes of reintegration and affirmation of Protestantism which, after a century of persecution and clandestinity, became a recognized religious faith. From the promulgation of the Organic Articles of 18th Germinal Year X to the Separation of the Churches and State, the study of Protestant Pluralism enables new areas to be defined as well as new and multiple forms of institutional structuration. The existence of external divisions visible through methods of coexistence, and internal ones seen in the points of friction inherent to this plurality, reveals the different characteristics of protestant identity that could only be imagined in a context of diversity. This active minority affirmed, beyond its differences, a collective and spatial vision through the creation of a territory in competition with the Catholic Church, through its institutional reconstruction, through its networks, through its political commitments, through the rethinking of its history, it created an original identity and expected to be a driving force in the society of its time
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Johansson, Marcus. "Amerikansk metodistmission i Sverige : Den svenska Metodistkyrkans etablering åren 1865–1876." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kyrkohistoria, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-256371.
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This is a study of American Methodist Mission in Sweden and how this mission eventually formed the Methodist Church in Sweden 1876. The mission began as a consequence of returning Swedish emigrants and sailors who had encountered Methodism in America, mainly through the works of Swedish-American missionary Olof Gustaf Hedström on the Bethel ship in New York. During the 1850’s Methodist missionaries were sent to Scandinavia by the American Missions Society. The first to come to Sweden was Johan Peter Larsson, who spent two years in Sweden in 1854 before he was transferred to Norway. He returned in 1865 and was followed by a number of missionaries during the next years. Most important of these were Victor Witting who arrived in Gothenburg at the end of 1867. During 1868 the first congregations and a national association for missionaries were formed. The bylaws of the association for missionaries relates to the section in Doctrines and Discipline of the Methodist Episcopal Church about The Annual Conference. Methodist mission expanded fast in Sweden, at first along the coasts, and during the 1870’s equally fast on land. Up to the forming of a church in 1876 the mission never expanded further north than Orsa. The establishment of the Methodist Church in Sweden shares a lot of similarities with the development in Denmark, Finland and Norway. The expansion in Sweden was faster compared to the other countries. One reason for this was the large amount of missionaries that were sent to Sweden. All four churches formed according to new religious legislation and were the first to do so in all four countries.
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Shimooka, Erina. "Une convention oubliée : la convention franco-ryûkyû de 1855. Les relations entre la France et le royaume des Ryûkyû durant les dernières décennies de l'époque d'Edo." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/SHIMOOKA_Erina_va2.pdf.
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Au XIXe siècle, le royaume des Ryûkyû (actuelle préfecture d’Okinawa au Japon) était à la fois tributaire de la Chine des Qing et sous la domination des shôgun Tokugawa (via le fief de Satsuma). Toutefois, il conservait une large autonomie politique. Cherchant un point d’appui en Extrême-Orient, et ne pouvant avoir accès aux ports japonais en raison de la politique de « sakoku », la France de la Monarchie de Juillet a fixé son attention sur ce royaume et y a envoyé à partir de 1844 des militaires ainsi que des prêtres des Missions étrangères de Paris. La situation ainsi créée dans le royaume fut aussi inédite que complexe ; d’un côté, les autorités des Ryûkyû surveillaient très étroitement les étrangers présents, qu’elles isolaient de la population locale par tous les moyens ; d’un autre côté, les Français profitaient de l’occasion qui leur était donnée pour observer de l’intérieur cette contrée encore peu connue de l’Europe et pour tenter de l’évangéliser. Ce premier contact aboutit à la conclusion d’une convention, le 24 novembre 1855, entre la France et le royaume des Ryûkyû. Si cette convention ne fut finalement jamais ratifiée, elle a eu un impact important sur la politique extérieure des Ryûkyû. Elle a également pesé sur les premières relations franco-japonaises<br>In the 19th century, the kingdom of Ryûkyû kingdom (now Okinawa Prefecture in Japan) was both dependent on Qing China and under the rule of Tokugawa shogun (via the Satsuma fief). However, he retained a broad political autonomy.Seeking a fulcrum on the Far East, and unable to access Japanese ports due to Sakoku’s policy, the France of the July Monarchy paid attention to this kingdom and sent military as well as priests of the Foreign Missions of Paris, as a result of which the situation in the kingdom became quite complex; on the one hand, the Ryûkyû closely monitored the foreigners by isolating them from the rest of the local population by all means. On the other hand, the French took advantage of the situation to focus on this barely known region and to try to evangelize it. This first contact led to the conclusion of a convention, on November 24, 1855, between France and the Ryûkyû kingdom. Despite the fact the convention was never ratified, it had as significant impact on the Ryûkyû’s foreign policy. It also affected the first Franco-Japanese relations<br>19世紀、琉球王国（現・沖縄県）は清の朝貢国であり、また薩摩藩を介し幕藩体制に組み込まれた「二重朝貢国家」であった。しかし、対外的には清（中国）との関係を前面に出すことで対日関係（薩琉関係）を隠蔽し、また国内においても一定の主体性を保持していた。同時期、東アジアにおける拠点を探していた七月王政下のフランスは琉球王国に注目し、1844年 、フランス海軍籍のアルクメーヌ号を派遣、パリ外国宣教会所属の宣教師を留置した。当時、ヨーロッパにおいて琉球王国の存在こそ知られていたものの、王国の特殊性―日中両属、特に薩摩藩との関係―は未だ解明されていない中での進出であった。海洋国家ゆえ、異国船の来航や遭難はままある事態であったが、西洋人の長期滞在は異例のことであり、琉球王府はアルクメーヌ号来琉によって作り出された新たな状況への対応を余儀なくされた。王府は異国人（フランス人宣教師）を隔離、彼らの行動を厳しく監視・制限するとともに、自国民へも異国人との交流や接触を禁じた。一方、フランス人宣教師達は滞琉中に国状の観察、現地語（琉球方言ならびに日本語）の習得に励むとともに、キリスト教の布教も試みていた。1855年11月24日、琉球王国とフランスは琉仏条約を締結した。この条約は結果的に批准されることはなかったが、条約の条項は1840年代におけるフランス人宣教師の滞琉経験を反映したものとなっており、またこの条約の締結によって琉球王府は自国の対外政策に変更・修正を加えた。1840年から1850年代のフランス人宣教師達の滞琉経験は1858年の日仏修好通商条約締結から始まる最初期の日仏関係に影響を与え、また活かされることになった。
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Jones, Adam. "Afrikabestände im Unitätsarchiv der Herrnhuter Brüdergemeine: I. Schriftliches Material, Ethnographica, Bilder, Karten." Universität Leipzig, 2000. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34439.
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This volume is a guide unpublished written material, ethnographic artefacts, pictures and maps in the archive of the Herrnhut (Moravian) Mission relating to Ghana (1737-68), South Africa (1737-44, 1792-c. 1960) and Tanzania (1891-c. 1970).
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Eger, Matthias. "Afrikabestände im Archiv des Evangelisch-Lutherischen Missionswerkes Leipzig e.V.: IV. Das Bildarchiv (Teil 3)." Universität Leipzig, 2000. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34435.
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Solluntsch, Viola. "Afrikabestände im Archiv des Evangelisch-Lutherischen Missionswerkes Leipzig e.V.: IV. Das Bildarchiv: Teile 1-2." Universität Leipzig, 1999. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34442.
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Jones, Adam. "Afrikabestände im Archiv des Evangelisch-Lutherischen Missionswerkes Leipzig e.V.: II. Kamba, Nord-Tanzania, Allgemeines." Universität Leipzig, 1998. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34446.
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This volume is a guide to the files relating to Northern Tanzania and Southern Kenya in the archive of the Leipzig Mission, with the exception of personnel files and the papers of individual missionaries. Most of the material relates to the period 1885-1950.
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Eger, Matthias, and Christoph Langer. "Afrikabestände im Archiv des Evangelisch-Lutherischen Missionswerkes Leipzig e.V.: III. Führer zum Material über Ostafrika im Evangelisch-Lutherischen Missionsblatt 1893-1900." Universität Leipzig, 1998. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34447.
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This volume is a guide to references to East Africa (including photographs) in the main journal of the Leipzig Mission, the Evangelisch-Lutherisches Missionsblatt , between 1893 and 1900. The articles, most of which were based on reports written by missionaries in what are now southern Kenya and northern Tanzania, have been indexed in order to facilitate research.
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典子, 森本, та Noriko Morimoto. "19世紀デンマークにおけるディアコニア思想 : ハラルド・スタインの場合". Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13097311/?lang=0, 2018. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13097311/?lang=0.
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本論文は19世紀のデンマーク社会にディアコニッセとディアコニアの働きを広めるために尽力したハラルド・スタインのディアコニア思想に光を当てる。スタインは、産業革命や社会主義の台頭により激変する社会において、キリスト教会は人々の身体的、霊的救いに力を尽くすべきだと考え、キリスト教の愛の業すなわちディアコニアの働きを教会に根付かせようとした。スタインのディアコニアの働きの理想と実践はのちのデンマークの社会民主主義の政権にも継承された。<br>This study sheds light on the ideas of Harald Stein, who did his utmost to spread the work of deaconesses and diakonia in 19th century Denmark. In a society rapidly changing under the influence of industrialization and socialism, Stein thought the Christian Church ought to aim at saving people physically and spiritually, and he sought to plant the Christian Works of Love, i.e., the work of diakonia, in the Church. The ideals and practices of Stein's work of diakonia were later inherited by the Danish Social Democratic governments.<br>博士(神学)<br>Doctor of Theology<br>同志社大学<br>Doshisha University
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"中國內地會在河南(1875-1950): 以周家口、陳州、賒旗鎮、開封為例". Thesis, 2011. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6075467.
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張興華.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 130-137)<br>Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.<br>Abstracts in Chinese and English.<br>Zhang Xinghua.
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Ngodji, Martin. "The story of the Bible among Ovakwanyama : the agency of indigenous translators." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3699.
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This research deals with Bible translating into Oshikwanyama between 1891 and 1974. Poeple who live in northern Namibia and southern Angola speak Oshikwanyama. The research will focus on stages of translation projects and work done by translators, co-ordinators and the translation committee, as from German missionaries from the Rhenish Missionary Society for Finnish missionaries from Finnish Missionary Society. However, the focus will concentrate more on the agency of African indigenous translators. The German missionaries started the translation of the New Testament into Oshikwanyama with the assistance of the indigenous people when they arrived in Oukwanyama in 1891. The New Testament was printed in 1927 in London. The Finnish missionaries started the translation of the whole Bible into under the auspices of the BFBS Oshikwanyama in late 1958, and it was published by the BSSA in Cape Town in 1974. In line with the focus of this research, little has been documented up t6o now about African missionary identities and their contributions. The present research on Bible translation into Oshikwanyama aims to correct this by giving their biographies in some details. The issue of Bible translation into Oshikwanyama went hand in hand with the development of the language in written form. Therefore at the end the Oshikwanyama were very happy because God now speak to them in their language and at the same time their language has been recignized. In this research you will find out that indigenous people were not only behind the translation of the Bible into Oshikwanyama, but they were involved in that translation, proofreading and the correct appropriation of words. The 1974 Bible in Oshikwanyama is the product of African missionaries. After reading this thesis you will know them by their names and individual contributions.<br>Thesis (M.Th.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2004.
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Nanni, Giordano. "The colonization of time: ritual, routine and resistance in the 19th-century Cape Colony and Victoria." 2006. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/350.
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By the beginning of the nineteenth century a wide cross-section of British society had strongly correlated the notions of ‘civilization’ and ‘true religion’ with the accurate measurement and profitable use of time. Their specific experience of time, however, was not a human universal but a cultural construct, deeply embedded within the clock-governed milieu of industrial-capitalist and Christian society. Consequently, in the British colonies, the portrayal of indigenous societies as being ‘time-less’ (i.e.: culturally lacking regularity, order and uniformity) came to operate as a means of constructing an inferior, ‘irregular other’. By way of two case-studies – located in the 19th-century British settler-colonies of Victoria (Australia) and the Cape Colony (South Africa) – this thesis documents the manner in which nineteenth-century British missionary and settler-colonial discourse constructed the notion of ‘time-less’ indigenous cultures. Such apparent inferiority, this thesis argues, bolstered the depiction of indigenous societies as culturally inadequate – a representation that helped to rationalize and justify settler-colonialism’s claims upon indigenous land.<br>The negative portrayals of ‘Aboriginal time’ and ‘African time’ also helped to cast these societies as particularly in need of temporal reform. Indeed the latter were considered to be not only out of place but also ‘out of time’ within the timescape of Christian/capitalist rituals and routines. This study highlights some of the everyday means by which British settler-colonists and Protestant missionaries sought to reform the time-orientation and rhythms of indigenous societies. The evidence provided suggests that cultural colonization in the British settler-colonies was configured – to a greater extent than previous understandings allow – by an attack on non-capitalist and non-Christian attitudes to time. Christianizing and ‘civilizing’ meant imposing – coercively and ideologically – the temporal rituals and routines of British middle-class society.<br>Although the universalizing will of nineteenth-century European cultural expansion was reflected in its attempt to impose a specifically western view of time upon the world, the process of temporal colonization was neither homogeneous throughout the colonies, nor uncontested by indigenous societies. On the one hand, settler-colonialism’s diverging economic objectives in the Cape and Victoria – shaped as they were by economic land/labour requirements, demographics, and localized visions of race – defined the various manners in which Europeans viewed, and sought to colonize ‘indigenous time’. On the other hand, indigenous people in both settings often successfully managed either to defy the imposition of clock-governed culture, to establish compromises between the new and old rhythms, or to exploit the temporal discourses of their self-styled reformers. This suggests that time in the colonial context may be seen as a two-edged sword: not only as an instrument of colonial power, but also as a medium for anti-colonial resistance.<br>By analysing the discursive constructions of a temporal other, and by documenting the everyday struggles over the dominant tempo of society, this thesis highlights time’s central role in the colonial encounter and seeks to further our understandings of the process and implications of settler-colonization and Christianization.
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Renshaw, Michelle C. "Accommodating the Chinese: the American hospital in China, 1880-1920 / Michelle Campbell Renshaw." 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22013.
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"November 2003"<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 276-306)<br>xiii, 306 leaves : ill., planes, plates (some col.) ; 30 cm.<br>Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Asian Studies and Dept of Public Health, 2003
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"十九世纪倫敦會傳教士在滬港兩地活動之研究(1843-1860)". Thesis, 2006. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6074330.
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After the establishment of the mission stations in Hong Kong and Shanghai, the missionaries of LMS began to undertake several mission activities such as building churches, education, translation and publishing activities and medical missions. Chapter 4, 5 will introduce the missionary activities, such as education, publish and Bible translation that engaged in the Anglo-Chinese College of Hong Kong and the LMS Press of Shanghai. Based on these facts, I will expose the role of LMS missionaries in the Sino-western culture conflict and exchange, and the Christian mission indigenization in China.<br>After the Opium War, under the diplomatic and military pressure of the west powers, the government of Qing was forced to give up the policy of forbidding the propagation of Christianity. Protestant Missions, like that of Catholic, gained legal status, and they could begin the process to entering China inland. After the occupation of Hong Kong by the British according to the Nanjing Treaty, LMS which sent missionaries to China began to move the missionary base to this colony. It decided that Benjamin Hobson and James Legge who once worked in Malacca took the responsibility of mission in Hong Kong. And Anglo-Chinese College at Malacca was also moved to Hong Kong, then became the mission station of LMS in Hong Kong. Meanwhile, the five ports, i.e. Guangzhou, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai, were opened, the LMS missionaries immediately resumed their exercises in Guangzhou, and opened new mission stations in other ports. Walter Henry Medhurst once worked in Batavia and William Lockhart went to Shanghai and established the LMS Press as a mission station in Shanghai. Chapter 3 will tell the stories of the early LMS missionaries leading by James Legge and W. H. Medhurst whose worked in Hong Kong and Shanghai respectively.<br>Chapter 6 will concern those detailed things occurred in Tai-ping rebellion movement and the 2nd Opium War. I want to explain the effects of the colonialism and the Chinese social turbulence to the missionaries.<br>In Chapter 7, at the conclusion of the thesis, I hope to make a righteous evaluation of these missionaries' various works in China.<br>Many articles and books on the history of the Protestant missions in China have been published, and some of them deal with the LMS missionaries and the early times of the mission history. Chapter 1 of this thesis surveys and comments upon the past results of research concerning this theme, and points out that such publications have laid foundation for my research, but there are still many problems should be studies thoroughly and systematically.<br>The period from 1807 to 1840 is the beginning and preparing era for the Protestant missions to China. In 1807, Robert Morrison, a missionary sent by LMS arrived in Guangzhou. His arrival marked the beginning of the LMS missionary enterprises in China. Because the government of Qing was tightly forbad propagation of Christianity, Robert Morrison and William Milne, another missionary sent by LMS, decided to organize "The Ultra-Ganges Mission", and founded a headquarter in Malacca named "Anglo-Chinese College". Afterwards, many Protestant missionaries, including LMS missionaries came to the South East Asia and undertook many tasks, such as learning Chinese, translation, publication and medical mission. Chapter 2 will introduce these activities of LMS missionaries in SEA at the period of "waiting for China".<br>The topic of this thesis is the history of the LMS (London Missionary Society) missionary movement in Hong Kong and Shanghai in the early period and focuses on the two missionary agencies, Anglo-Chinese College in Hong Kong and London Missionary Society Press in Shanghai. These two missionary agencies were important stages for the early Protestant LMS missionaries to play a key role in the evangelization and communication in China.<br>俞強.<br>論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2006.<br>參考文獻(p. 161-179).<br>Adviser: Hok Ming Cheung.<br>Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-02, Section: A, page: 0689.<br>Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.<br>Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.<br>Abstracts in Chinese and English.<br>School code: 1307.<br>Lun wen (zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2006.<br>Can kao wen xian (p. 161-179).<br>Yu Qiang.
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De, Souza Alverson Luiz. "A black heart : the work of Thomas Jefferson Bowen among blacks in Africa and in Brazil between 1840 and 1875." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5710.
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This thesis is about Thomas Jefferson Bowen (1814 - 1875), a Baptist missionary of the Foreign Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, United States. Bowen worked in Africa and tried to work with slaves in Brazil. These facts made Bowen a missionary ahead of his time. He had a different perspective and attitude to Africa and Africans. His book Central Africa, his personal letters, his articles, his life, show that he was deeply involved with the idea that Africa could be much more than only a good place to purchase slaves. His whole missionary life was expended in a project to train blacks to work in Africa as missionaries and teachers. What made Bowen a different missionary from his fellows in his time was the fact that he was able to understand and respect the culture of the people with whom he was involved. He could see and appreciate the structures of the African society and he planned a development project from the African perspective. He was a missionary who believed that the Western society was not appropriate for Africa. Africa had to find its own way. He was different because he believed that missionaries have to speak the language of the people and should not force the native people to learn English as a "holy" language. We present this work as a tribute to this missionary whose life and relationship with blacks can be seen as an example of respect and understanding of the culture of a people.<br>Thesis (M.Th.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1998.
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Olabimtan, Kehinde Olumuyiwa. "Samuel Johnson of Yoruba Land, 1846-1901 : religio-cultural identity in a changing environment and the making of a mission agent." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1051.
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This thesis explores the cultural and the religious formation of Rev. Samuel Johnson and his response to the changing environment of West Africa, particularly Yorubaland, in the nineteenth century. Divided into two parts, the first part looks at the biography of the man, paying attention to his formative environment and his response to it as a Yoruba evangelist in the service of the Church Missionary Society (CMS). The second part explores the issues that were involved in his response to his changing milieu of ministry—encounter with Yoruba religions and Islam, the search for peace in the Yoruba country, and historical consciousness. The first chapter, which is introductory, sets the pace for the research by looking at the academic use to which the missionary archives have been put, from the 1950s, to unravel Africa’s past. While the approaches of historians and anthropologists have been shaped by broad themes, this chapter makes a case for the study of the past from biographical perspectives. Following the lead that has been provided in recent years on the African evangelists by Adrian Hastings, Bengt Sundkler and Christopher Steed, and John Peel the chapter presents Samuel Johnson, an agent of the CMS in the nineteenth century Yoruba country, as a model worthy of the study of indigenous response to the rapid change that swept through West Africa in the second half of the nineteenth century. Chapter two explores the antecedents to the emergence of Johnson in Sierra Leone and appreciates the nexus of his family history and that of the Yoruba nation in the century of rapid change. The implosion of the Oyo Empire in the second decade of the nineteenth century as a result of internal dissension opened the country to unrestrained violence that boosted the trans-Atlantic slave trade. Sierra Leone offering a safe haven for some of the rescued victims of the trade, “Erugunjimi” Henry Johnson, was rehabilitated under the benevolence of the CMS. At Hastings, where the Basel trained missionary Ulrich Graf exercised a dominant influence, Henry Johnson raised his family until he returned with them to the Yoruba country in 1858 as a scripture reader. The Colony of Sierra Leone, however, was in contrast to the culturally monolithic Yoruba country. Cosmopolitan, with Christianity having the monopoly of legitimacy, the colony gave Samuel and his siblings their early religious and cultural orientations.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2009.
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Olabimtan, Kehinde Olumuyiwa. "A comparative and theological evaluation of the interface of mission Christianity and African culture in nineteenth century Akan and Yoruba lands of West Africa." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3753.
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This study explores the dynamics at play in the nineteenth century interaction between European mission Christianity and the peoples and cultures of West Africa with Akan (Gold Coast) and Yoruba (Nigeria) lands serving as the model theatres of the interaction. It appreciates the fact that in a context such as West Africa, where religious consciousness permeates every aspect of life, the coming of the Gospel to its peoples impacted every aspect of the social and religious lives of the people. Chapter one sets the agenda for the study by exploring the dynamics involved in the transmission of the Gospel as it spread from Palestine to the Graeco-Roman world, medieval Europe, Enlightenment Europe and, later, Africa in the nineteenth century. It also defines the limits of the study to the period 1820-1892. Chapter two explores the religious and the cultural environments that gave shape to the modem European missionary movement. It highlights the features of the European Reformation that were factors in defining missionary methods in West Africa. It also emphasizes the subtle infiltration of Enlightenment ideals-the primacy of Reason, the way of Nature, and the idea of Progress-into missionary consciousness about Africa and its peoples. Chapter three delineates the religious and the cultural milieus of West Africans in contrast to that of European missionaries. It underscores the integral nature of religion to the totality of life among West Africans. It also contrasts the socio-political conditions of Akan land and Yoruba land in the nineteenth century while appreciating the rapid changes impinging on their peoples. Chapter four explores how the prevailing realities in Akan and Yoruba lands defined the fortunes and the prospects of the missionary message among the people. In doing this, it draws from four model encounters of mission Christianity with West African peoples and cultures. In Mankessim, the deception associated with a traditional cult was exposed. At Akyem Abuakwa, the contention between missionaries and the royalty for authority over the people led to social disruption. The resistance of the guild of Ifa priests to Christian conversion and the assuring presence of missionaries to the warrior class created ambivalence at Abeokuta. Ibadan offers us an irenic model of interaction between mission Christianity and West African religions as Ifa, the Yoruba cult of divination, sanctioned the presence of missionaries in the city. Chapter five reflects on the issues that are significant in the interaction of the Gospel with West African cultures. It appreciates the congruence between the Gospel and West African religious worldview. It assesses the impact of missionary methods on the traditional values of West Africans, appreciating the strength and the weaknesses of the school system, the value of Bible translation into mother-tongues, and the contextual relevance of the mission station method of evangelization. It also explores the meaning of Christian conversion in West Africa using the models of A.D. Nock, John V. Taylor and Andrew F. Walls. Chapter six concludes with Andrew Walls' three tests of the expansion of Christianity. The conclusion is that in spite of the failures and weaknesses of some of the methods adopted by European missionaries in evangelizing West Africa, their converts understood their message, domesticated it according to their understanding and appropriated its benefits to the life of their societies.<br>Thesis (M.Th.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2002.
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"Christian missions, Chinese culture, and colonial administration: a study of the activities of James Legge and Ernest John Eitel in nineteenth century in Hong Kong." 1996. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6073014.
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by Wong Man Kong.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 306-328).<br>Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.<br>Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.<br>Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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Zulu, Prince Bongani Kashelemba. "From the Lüneburger Heide to northern Zululand : a history of the encounter between the settlers, the Hermannsburg missionaries, the Amakhosi and their people, with special reference to four mission stations in northern Zululand (1860-1913)." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6216.
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Dingle, Sarah. "Gospel power for civilization: the CMS missionary perspective on Maori Culture 1830-1860." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/56625.
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This thesis is an historical analysis of nineteenth century Protestant Christian mission in New Zealand, with a particular focus on religion and theology, and their role in shaping the perceptions of Church Missionary Society missionaries as they observed and related to Maori people and their culture between 1830 and 1860. It showcases theology as the primary paradigm in which missionaries understood and commented upon Maori, as opposed to other culturally received frameworks. It argues that historians have given too little attention to this theological paradigm and have therefore failed to grasp its significance for accurately portraying the missionary perspective on Maori culture. The significance of religious worldview is highlighted by an examination of the meaning and role of the Christianity-Civilization nexus in missionary thinking. The following pages explore the relationship between the two terms: why and how they were linked, both in general, and in a New Zealand-specific context. The arguments of this thesis are put forward through a close examination of CMS missionary documents, particularly letters and journals, as well as published source materials. This study highlights the moral and religious basis of CMS missionary notions of civilization, and emphasises their theological outlook as the most powerful factor that impacted on missionary ‘civilizing’ activities in New Zealand. It underscores the reality that missionaries were religious people and often viewed the world around them in a religious way. The implications of this fact mean that historians must give significant attention to the missionaries’ religious worldview in order to portray missionary perceptions of Christian mission, Maori people, culture and civilization in an accurate light.<br>http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1375331<br>Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of History and Politics, 2009
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Masumbe, Benneth Mhlakaza Chabalala. "The Swiss missionaries' management of social transformation in South Africa (1873-1976)." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/695.
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This research surveys the Swiss missionaries' management of social transformation in South Africa (1873-1973). It has as its major focus the management of schools, hospitals and churches as the primary institutions of social change in society. The researcher's realisation that more often than not, the changes brought to bear on proselytes by the change forces take time to manifest themselves vividly induced him to extend the scope to include the dawn of the new political dispensation in this country in 1994. This need not surprise the readership as the triadic approach, which is synonymous with historical analyses compels researchers to avail readers of what happened in the past, present as well as what is likely to occur in future. In other words, readers will encounter the ethnic nationalism engineered by different change agents in this country and the repercussions thereof, and the schism within the Swiss Mission in South Africa/Evangelical Presbyterian Church in South Africa that started in 1989 and became reality in 1991. Finally, the thesis also appraises readers of what should be done in periods of rapid social change.<br>Educational Studies<br>D.Ed. (History of Education)
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Maangi, Eric Nyankanga. "The contribution and influence of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church in the development of post-secondary education in South Nyanza, 1971-2000." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20035.
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This study discusses the contribution and influence of the Seventh-Day Adventist (SDA) Church to the development of post- secondary education in South Nyanza, Kenya. This has been done by focusing on the establishment and development of Kamagambo and Nyanchwa Adventist colleges whose history from 1971 to 2000 has been documented. This is a historical study which has utilized both the primary and secondary source of data.
For better and clear insights into this topic, the study starts by discussing the coming of Christian missionaries to Africa. The missionaries who came to Africa introduced western education. The origin of the SDA church to Africa has also been documented. The SDA church was formed as a result of the Christian evangelical revivals in Europe. This called for the Christians to base their faith on the Bible. As people read various prophecies in the bible, they thought that what they read was to be fulfilled in their lifetime. From 1830s to 1840s preachers and lay people from widely different denominations United States of America around William Miller (1782-1849). This led to the establishment of the SDA Church in 1844.
The study focuses on the coming of the SDA Missionaries to South-Nyanza. The efforts of the SDA Missionaries to introduce Western education in the said area, an endeavor which started at Gendia in 1906 has been discussed. From Gendia they established Wire mission and Kenyadoto mission in 1909. In 1912 Kamagambo and Nyanchwa, the subject of this study became mission and educational centres. The SDA mission, as was the case with other missionaries who evangelized South Nyanza, took the education of Africans as one of the most important goals for the process of African evangelization. The Adventist message penetrated the people of South Nyanza through their educational work. The conversion of the first converts can be ascribed to the desire for the education which accompanied the new religion.
Kamagambo Adventist College became the first college in South Nyanza. Equally, Nyanchwa became the first college in the Gusii part of South Nyanza. The two colleges exercised a great influence on the local community especially in the socio-economic and educational fields. At the same time the colleges have also contributed enormously to the community’s development through the roles played by its alumni in society. Besides this, the study has also recommended some other pertinent areas for further study and research.<br>Educational Foundations<br>D. Ed. (History of Education)
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Masumbe, Benneth Mhlakaza Chabalala. "The Swiss Missionaries' educational endeavour as a means for social transformation in South Africa (1873-1975)." 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18157.
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This research traces the developments in Europe that led to a rush for foreign missions i
different parts of the world, with specific reference to South Africa. It describes the operations
of the Swiss missionaries in South Africa from 1873 to 1975. This study also evaluates the motives
for the evangelization of the African masses, and contradictions th existed in the relations that
missionaries had with proselytes during the period under review. The sterling contributions of
black evangelists in this period are demonstrated. It cannot be denied that the Swiss missionaries
did a lot of good to the indigenous populac of South Africa-the importance of their services at
Lemana Training Institution (1906) and Elim Hospital (1899) are indelibly inscribed in our
historiography. They should also applauded for their response to the plight of the Shangaans, who
had for reasons unkno
to the researcher been by-passed by other missions during the "scramble for mission fields". But
the missionaries also had their shortcomings, for instance their failure to ind the state to remove
capital punishment from the statute books. They may nonetheless stil continue to be used by the
present government of South Africa to assist in carrying the social transformation process forward.<br>Educational Studies<br>M. Ed. (History of Education)
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Bischoff, Richard Karl. ""Shedding their blood as the seed of faith": the Zambesi Mission Jesuits and ambivalence about modernity." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25994.
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The study addresses from a sociocultural-historical, in particular a missiological and
medical perspective the question if Catholic hospitals in Matabeleland, affected by the
dramatic down-turn of Zimbabwe’s economy since 2000, did whatever they could to
continue offering quality services to their patients.
It starts with a portrayal of the emergence of secular modernity in the North-Atlantic
World, as regards its view of the world as solely governed by natural laws, and of
people as capable of taking destiny into their own hands, unperturbed by spiritual
forces. The question is explored how the Christian Occident could end up there,
following its development through the Middle Ages, and its expansion by missionary
activity, by preaching the Word, but also by military force.
Next, the achievements of pre-1900 Western medicine are examined, to identify if/how
missionaries in Africa could have benefited. The study describes how professional
medicine did not become part of the early Zambesi Mission, not because of its curative
shortcomings, but for spiritual reasons, insofar as the Jesuits did not follow the
European trend to let worldly well-being take the place of eternal salvation. Vis-à-vis
their other-than-modern view of life, suffering, and (self-)sacrifice, the promises of
medicine appeared just trivial.
Submissiveness to authority, both ecclesiastical and worldly, is identified as the core
principle that informed the Jesuits’ educational approach towards Africans in all their
efforts at conversions. The missionaries thereby colluded with colonialist thinking, in not
attempting to make their pupils grow into self-confident, independent thinkers in their
own right. In this educational tradition, grafted onto a pre-modern local culture, the study
finds the reason why Zimbabwean medical staff, as managers of their clinics or
hospitals, have shown little readiness to proactively prioritise the intrinsic needs of their
institutions and push for corrective measures, prepared even to challenge their
superiors when encountering aberrations in the health system, locally as well as higher
up.
The study asks if the Church could have opted for a different educational approach,
considering the prevailing socio-economic and cultural framework conditions; finally, which options present-day Zimbabweans have to choose from, regarding their country’s
future development.<br>Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology<br>D. Th. (Missiology)
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Bammann, Heinrich. "Inkulturation des Evangeliums unter den Batswana in Transvaal/SudAfrika am Beispiel der Arbeit von Vatern und Sohnen der Hermansaburger Mission von 1857-1940." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18057.
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Text in German, summaries in English and German<br>This dissertation is a missiological research on reports of first and second generation missionaries from the Hermannsburg mission society in Germany. The missionaries worked for their lifetime among the Batswana. An important point in the first chapter is the attempt to clarify the theological foundation for the understandung of inculturation, from which my conception later arose. The second chapter deals with the founders of the Hermannsburg missionary society and describes the spiritual background of the missionaries. The following three chapters cover the work of the missionaries, in each case father and son at Dinokana, Bethanie and Phokeng chronologically from 1857 - 1940. Special attention is given to their socio-cultural expierences and traditional-religious knowledge. The last chapter evaluates the work of the missionaries and takes into account the present missiological debate on mission. Here again it becomes clear what I mean by Inculturation.<br>Die vorliegende Arbeit ist eine missionsgeschichtliche und -theologische Untersuchung uber die ersten beiden Generationen Hermannsburger Missionare unter den Batswana in Transvaal. Im ersten Kapitel stelle ich verschiedene Konzepte zum Verstandnis von lnkulturation vor, aus denen ich Anstosse fur meine eigene Konzeption gewonnen habe. Das zweite Kapitel beschreibt die spirituelle Herkunft der Missionare und ihre theologische Pragung. In den folgenden drei Kapiteln untersuche ich die Arbeit der Missionare, jeweils Vater und Sohn, auf ihren Stationen Dinokana, Bethanie und Phokeng von 1857 - 1940 in chronologischer Reihenfolge. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf den sozio-kulturellen Erfahrungen und traditionell-religiosen Erkenntnissen dieser Missionare. Das letzte Kapitel enthalt eine Bewertung der Missionsarbeit und beleuchtet sie auf den Hintergrund der gegenwartigen missionstheologischen Diskussion. Besonder in diesem Kapitel wird noch einmal deutlich wie ich Inkulturation verstanden habe.<br>Missiology<br>D.Th. (Missiology)
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Poganatz, Herbert. "Francisco Penzotti, Pionier evangelischer Missionsarbeit in Peru: Ein Bibelkolporteur und Gemeindegründer als Schnittstelle im Kampf um Toleranz und Religionsfreiheit im Peru des 19. Jahrhunderts." Diss., 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1771.
Full textAbstract:
This study deals with Francisco G. Penzotti, a Bible colporteur and church planter, opening in 1888 in Peru a branch of the American Bible Society. But the Peruvian con-stitution prohibited any public, non-Catholic religious activities.
The country's situation for decades had been confrontation between clerical conserva-tism and progressive liberal forces, thus dividing Peruvian society. Penzotti became a catalyst in this confrontation at a time of critical importance, thus revealing the frailty of the Roman Catholicism as an integrating force in this society. He becomes a "human interface" in the struggle for tolerance and freedom of worship, involving the participa-tion of important sectors of Peruvian society.
This paper describes the historical background and Protestant activities prior to Pen-zotti, then his work and person. A missiological summary interprets Penzottis success, acting as a human link between two distinct eras and clearing the way for a future of tolerance and religious freedom in Peru.<br>Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology<br>M. Th. (Missiology)
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Krichauff, Skye. "The Narungga and Europeans: cross-cultural relations on Yorke Peninsula in the nineteenth century." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/50133.
Full textAbstract:
The Narungga are the Aboriginal people of Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. This thesis explores cross-cultural encounters and relations between the Narungga and Europeans in the nineteenth century. Contemporary Narungga people, hoping to learn about the lives of their forebears, instigated this research. The Narungga have not previously been the focus of serious historical or anthropological investigation. This thesis therefore fills a significant gap in the historiography. This thesis seeks to re-imagine the past in a way which is empathetic and realistic to Narungga people who lived in the nineteenth century. To understand the impact of the arrival and permanent settlement of Europeans upon the lives of the Narungga, it is necessary to look closely at the cultural systems which orientated and encompassed both the Narungga and the newcomers. The two groups impacted on and shaped the lives of the other and neither can be looked at in isolation. This work has been inspired by the writings of historical anthropologists and ethno-historians. The findings of anthropologists, linguists, geographers, botanists and archaeologists are drawn upon. First hand accounts which provide graphic and immediate depictions of events have been closely analysed. The primary sources that have been examined include local and Adelaide newspapers, official correspondence between settlers, police, the Protector of Aborigines, the Governor and the Colonial Secretary, and private letters, diaries, paintings, photographs and sketches. The archives continuously reveal great injustices committed against the Narungga, and this thesis does not seek to minimize the brutality of ‘white’ settlement nor the devastating outcomes of British colonialism on the Narungga. But the records also reveal the majority of Narungga people living in the nineteenth century were not helpless victims being pushed around by autocratic pastoralists or disengaged bureaucrats. On Yorke Peninsula in the nineteenth century, the future was unknown; the Narungga were largely able to maintain their autonomy while Europeans were often in a vulnerable and dependent position. The Narungga were active agents who adapted to and incorporated the new circumstances as they were able and as they saw fit. Rather than living in a closed or static society, the Narungga readily accommodated and even welcomed the Europeans, with their strange customs and exotic animals, plants and goods. The Narungga responded to the presence of Europeans in a way which made sense to them and which was in keeping with their customs and beliefs.<br>http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1339729<br>Thesis (M.A.) - University of Adelaide, School of History and Politics, 2008
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Daňková, Tereza. "Misie Obnovené Jednoty bratrské v Jižní Africe na přelomu 18.a 19. století." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-322107.
Full textAbstract:
After the Battle of White Mountain on 8 November 1620 the non-catholic-minded nobility and burghers left the country. It was not until the 1720s that common people started to go into exile in response to oppressive servitude. During the reign of Emperor Charles VI (1711-1740) the Czech lands saw another wave of recatholisation.1 The non-catholic religious movement was born by the simplest people of the lowest social rank. These new exiles left especially for Slovakia, Silesia, and Saxony. Many groups of exiles from the Czech lands merged in their new environment with local protestant churches. However, one particular group of emigrants from the region of Fulnek2 (especially from Těšín and Suchdol nad Odrou), led by the carpenter Kristián David from Ženklava3 , maintained some independence and inspired the founding of the congregation in Herrnhut (Ochranow) in Upper Lusatia, and later the establishment of an independent church known as the renewed Unity of the Brethren (Moravian Church).4 The congregation formed in Herrnhut between 1722 and 1727 was strongly influenced by Count Nicolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. As a landowner on whose territory the said congregation arose, Zinzendorf became a sort of spiritual leader of the fraternity. He tried to keep the congregation within the Saxon Lutheran...