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1
Alderson, David. "Religion, manliness and imperialism in 19th century culture." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295953.
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Christian manliness emerges from a period of intense counter-revolution in English history, one in which protestantism and especially Anglicanism - plays an important ideological role in legitimating English national development. The form of manliness associated with Kingsley et al crystallises various aspects of the protestant ethic - conscience, independence and the redemptive value of work - into an ideology of English masculinity which becomes prescriptive and institutionalised in the public schools of the second half of the century. This sense of masculinity is established as an important part of English imperial hubris. For this reason, the thesis is very much concerned with England's relations with Ireland - a nation stigmatised as unfit for self-rule because predominantly Catholic. backward and effeminate. The thesis begins by outlining in broad terms elements of protestant Englishness, and moves on to look at the emergence of christian manliness as an extension of the counter-revolutionary concerns of the christian socialist Charles Kingsley. It is in this cultural context of manly protestantism that the 'effeminacy' of 1. H. Newman and other Catholicising elements in the Anglican Church are considered. After analysing dominant characteristics of English writers' conceptions of Ireland, the thesis looks at the contradictory ways in which Gerard Manley Hopkins's admiration for the male body is bound up with a patriotism at odds with his Catholicism, and argues that the specific elements of this patriotism determine the 'desolations' of his final years in Ireland Finally, Oscar Wilde's relations to English culture are considered - specifically. his understanding of his Celtishness as subversive of English puritanism; a subversiveness ultimately still indebted - because antithetical - to English manliness.
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Reid, Jennifer. "No man's land: British and Mi'kmaq in 18th and 19th century Acadia." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9799.
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This dissertation begins with a problem of alienation as it has historically emerged in Canada's Maritime provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island. The estrangement of the region's aboriginal population from white arenas of social valuation provides a point of departure for this historical analysis of pre-Confederation Mi'kmaq-white relations; and the religious life of both peoples provides the raw material from which is constructed an understanding of both the evolution of alienated forms of existence in this context, and the possibility of freedom from these. With an initial assumption that religion is the mode by which human beings orient themselves in the world so as to ensure that their existence is meaningful, this analysis focuses on the human relationship with landscape in colonial Acadia. It is the fundamental need to feel 'at home' that is explored in respect to both aboriginal and white populations; and the religious symbols and myths that arise out of this necessity betray the emergence of two distinct forms of human alienation that of the Mi'kmaq from white colonial society, and that of whites from an authentic appreciation of the place in which they are situated. The dissertation concludes with suggestions for constructively utilizing knowledge of the religious structures that underpin the historical fact of New World alienation.
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Munro, Marc Andrew. "Religion and revolution in Egypt." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ43921.pdf.
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Dong, Yuehua. "Racism, religion and governmentality in China : the Muslim rebellion in the 19th century." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295982.
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Breitenbach, Esther. "Empire, religion and national identity : Scottish Christian imperialism in the 19th and early 20th centuries." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1726.
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This thesis examines the connection between participation in the British empire and constructions of Scottish national identity, through investigating the activities of civil society organisations in Scotland, in particular missionary societies and the Presbyterian churches in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Though empire is commonly thought to have had a significant impact on Scots' adoption of a British identity. The process of how representations of empire were transmitted and understood at home has been little explored. Similarly, religion is thought to have played an important role in supporting a sense of Scottish identity. but this theme has also been little explored. This thesis, then, examines evidence of civil society activity related to empire, including philanthropic and religious, learned and scientific, and imperial propagandist activities. In order to elucidate how empire was understood at home through the engagement with empire by civil society organisations. Of these forms of organisation. missionary societies and the churches were the most important in mediating an understanding of empire. The pattern of the growth and development of the movement in support of foreign missions is described and analysed, indicating its longevity, its typical functions and membership, and demonstrating both its middle class leadership and the active participation of women. Analysis of missionar) literature of a variety of types shows that dominant discourses of religion, race. gender and class produced iconic representations of the missionary experience which reflected the values of middle class Scots. The analysis also demonstrates both that representations of Scottish national identity were privileged over those of a British identity, but that these were complementary rather than being seen as in opposition to each other. Through examining the public profile of the missionary enterprise in the secular press it is shown that these representations were appropriated in the secular sphere to represent a specific Scottish contribution to empire. The thesis concludes that the missionary experience of empire. embedded as it was in the institutional life of the Presbyterian churches, had the capacity to generate representations and symbols of Scottish national identity which were widely endorsed in both religious and secular spheres in the age of high imperialism.
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Bennett, Joshua Maxwell Redford. "Doctrine, progress and history : British religious debate, 1845-1914." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:299ba472-2a9c-488c-a8de-12ac55acc4ea.
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Religion and history became closely related in new ways in the Victorian imagination. This thesis asks why this was so, by focusing on arguments within British Protestant culture over progress and development in the history of Christianity. In an intellectual movement approximately beginning with the 1845 publication of John Henry Newman's 'Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine', and powerfully spreading and developing until the earlier years of the twentieth century, British intellectuals came to treat the history of religion - both as a past and present process, and as a didactic genre - as a vital element of broader attempts to stabilise or reconstruct religious belief and social order. Religious revivalists, determined to use church history as a raw material for the inculcation of exclusive confessional identities and dogmatic theology, were highly successful in pressing it on the attention of early Victorian audiences. But they proved unable to control its meaning. Historians rose to prominence who instead interpreted the history of Christianity as a guide to how religious culture, which many treated as indistinguishable from society as a whole, might eventually supersede denominational and dogmatic divisions. Humanity's spiritual development in time, which numerous British critics assessed with the aid of German Idealist thought, also became an attractive apologetic resource as the epistemological basis of Christian belief came under unprecedented public challenge. A major part of that danger was perceived to come from rival, avowedly secularising interpretations of human social progress. Such accounts - the ancestors of twentieth-century secularisation theory - were vigorously opposed by historians who understood modernity as involving not the decline, but the purification of Christianity. By exploring the ways in which Victorian critics - clerical and lay, religious and secular - approached religious history as a resource for solving the problems of their own age, this thesis offers a new way of understanding the importance of history, claims to knowledge, and the nature and ends of 'liberalism' in the long nineteenth century.
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Meldrum, Patricia. "Evangelical Episcopalians in nineteenth-century Scotland." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1943.
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This thesis deals with the theology and development of the Evangelical Episcopalian movement in nineteenth-century Scotland. Such a study facilitates the construction of a detailed doctrinal and social profile of these Churchmen, hitherto unavailable. In the introduction an extensive investigation is provided, identifying individuals within the group and assessing their numerical strength. Chapter 2 shows the locations of Evangelical Episcopalian churches and suggests reasons for their geographical distribution. Chapter 3 investigates some sermons and writings of various clergy and laypersons, highlighting the doctrinal beliefs of Scottish Evangelical Episcopalians and placing them within the spectrum of Evangelical Anglicanism and showing affinities with Scottish Presbyterianism. Chapter 4 concerns the lifestyle of members of the group, covering areas such as marriage, family, leisure and philanthropy. Chapter 5 provides a numerical analysis of the social make-up of various congregations paying particular attention to the success achieved in reaching the working classes. Chapters 6 and 7 examine the issues faced by Scottish Evangelical Episcopalians in an age of increasing Tractarian and Roman Catholic activity. Topics covered include the theology of baptism and the communion service. The contrast between Evangelical belief and that of orthodox Scottish High Churchmen and Virtualists is clarified. Chapter 8 explains the factors contributing to the secession of D. T. K. Drummond from the Scottish Episcopal Church and the formation of the English Episcopal movement. Further disruptions are discussed in Chapter 9. Chapter 10 provides a detailed analysis of the development and eventual fragmentation of English Episcopalianism. Chapter 11 concludes the thesis with an evaluation of the contribution of English Episcopalianism to the history of the Scottish Episcopal Church and the reasons for its emergence. The thesis thus provides a detailed examination of the motives which drove the adherents of this important facet of nineteenth-century British Evangelicalism.
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Daled, Pierre-Frédéric. "L'Université libre de Bruxelles et la religion: spiritualisme et matérialisme au XIXème siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212275.
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Rowlands, Marc Alun. "Five scientists in an age of doubt : religious beliefs in the nineteenth century at the cutting edge of science." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683116.
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Jones, Diana Kathryn. "The relationship between religion, work and education and the influence of 18th and 19th century nonconformist entrepreneurs." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308233.
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Read, Margery. "The Blaine Amendment and the Legislation it Engendered: Nativism and Civil Religion in the Late Nineteenth Century." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/ReadM2004.pdf.
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Humphrey, Christopher Wainwright. "The sage of Kingston : John Watson and the ambiguity of Hegelianism." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39349.
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John Watson's thought has not been well understood. A question suggested by previous scholarship, namely, how successful was he at his task of re-founding the Christian religion on a philosophical base? is answered first in terms of consistency with the theological tradition. His revision of Christian theology is found to be inadequate by traditional standards; it is then examined as a philosophy of religion which, to his mind, overcame the difficulties of classical theism. It is argued that, despite some advantages, his philosophy of religion is deficient in two respects. First, its method is vitiated by a strained and sometimes mistaken interpretation of the philosophical tradition, indicative of arbitrariness. Second, "Speculative Idealism" as the result of that method reveals conceptual ambiguities corresponding to the ambiguities of classical theism. As the method is not self-evident and is used implicitly by Watson, and the results are philosophically ambiguous, the appropriation of this thought was theologically or philosophically shallow. Though Watson's thought, as far as it was understood, provided an underpinning for the "social gospel" movement in Canada, it is argued that this shallow appropriation explains, at least in part, the brevity of its appeal as philosophy of religion.
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Sellers, Allison. "Orisa Tradtion, Catholicism, and the Construction of Black Identity in 19th Century Brazil and Cuba." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5863.
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This thesis compares the role of the hybridized religious traditions Candomble and Santeria in the construction of identity for people of color in Brazil and Cuba in the 19th century. In particular, it focuses on the development of these traditions within Catholic confraternities and contrasts the use of ethnic and religious categories within them to define "African-ness" and "blackness" as Brazil and Cuba transitioned from slaveholding colonies to post-abolition nation-states. This comparison is illustrated through the examination of each colony's slave trade and the nature of slavery as it was practiced within them; the analysis of the structure of Ibero-American Catholic practice and the diverse forms of religious expression which resulted from its interaction with Yoruba orisa worship; comparing each colony's independence and abolition movements and the racial tensions which followed; and contrasting the Brazilian and Cuban hierarchies of color, including the variety of mechanisms that both the enslaved and free people of color employed to navigate the multi-racial societies in which they lived.<br>M.A.<br>Masters<br>History<br>Arts and Humanities<br>History
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Boucher, François-Emmanuël. "L'Héritage du christianisme en France 1750-1848." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38465.
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From the Enlightenment to the Romantic period, many writers transformed Christianity into a religion of temporal salvation. Whether they manifest, in their writings, a will to destroy it (Voltaire, Helvetius, d'Holbach, etc.) or to surpass it (Leroux, Lamennais, Hugo, etc.), all refer to its dogmas as a paradigm of argumentation from which they suggest a new explanation of the world and, most important, they all propose a transformation of the society. The goal of my thesis is to offer a new analysis of this period that spreads from 1750 to 1848. In my hypothesis, I stipulate that before 1789, the philosophers of the Enlightenment never undertook a real "de-Christianisation" and that at the turn of the century, the writers did not return exactly to Christianity. Far from taking the position that the argumentation had transformed itself in a manner that radically differed during this historical period that preceded and followed the French Revolution, my goal is to show that a same will to ameliorate the human condition on earth was manifested in comparable ways throughout these different discourses. The thought of these authors is rather a testimony of a new "sacralisation" of which finality is now on a temporal level: sin is not necessary and, more importantly, it is possible to abolish it through social reformations. This desire of a better world is the most important message that Christianity passed on to the thinkers of this period. By viewing human existence in this way, modernity could be defined not as the end, but rather as the inheritance of Christianity or, to say it all, as its humanization.
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Dean, Camille K. "True Religion: Reflections of British Churches and the New Poor Law in the Periodical Press of 1834." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278395/.
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This study examined public perception of the social relevance of Christian churches in the year the New Poor Law was passed. The first two chapters presented historiography concerning the Voluntary crisis which threatened the Anglican establishment, and the relationship of Christian churches to the New Poor Law. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 revealed the recurring image of "true" Christianity in its relation to the church crisis and the New Poor Law in the working men's, political, and religious periodical press. The study demonstrated a particular working class interest in Christianity and the effect of evangelicalism on religious renewal and social concerns. Orthodox Christians, embroiled in religious and political controversy, articulated practical concern for the poor less effectively than secularists.
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Fuad, Ahmad Nur. "The Bābī movement in Iran : from religious dissent to political revolt, 1844-1853." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20482.
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This thesis is a study of the development of the Babi movement and the political implications embodied in its religious teachings. The thesis basically assumes that in its early development (1844--1848), the movement may be seen merely as religiously dissenting from the mainstream of Shi'i tradition. In the course of history, however, and especially after the Bab, its founder, claimed in 1848 to be the return of the Hidden Imam and proclaimed the abrogation of Qur'anic shari'a, the Babi movement showed radical tendencies, thus threatening the established religious and political authorities. This later development (1848--1853) was characterized by armed revolts by the Babis against the government troops. This thesis also examines the nature of Babi religious dissent and demonstrate that the Babi revolts were to a large extent based on religious motives.
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Böttcher, Judith Lena. "Vowed to community or ordained to mission? : aspects of separation and integration in the Lutheran Deaconess Institute, Neuendettelsau, Bavaria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:75ce64eb-5a38-4d36-84d7-c48071df089c.
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This study offers an overdue exploration of the early years of the deaconess community in Neuendettelsau from a gender perspective. Drawing on rich archival material, it focuses on the process of the formation of a distinctive collective identity. Central to this study is the assumption, drawn from the social sciences, that collective identity is a social construction which requires the participation of the whole group through identification and which is consolidated by developing specific rituals, symbols, codes and normative texts, which facilitate integration, and by constructing external boundaries, which separate from the world and wider church. The centrifugal forces which came into play when deaconesses were sent out in isolation were counterbalanced by a communal life which offered forms of participation and identification for the individual members and which consolidated their sense of belonging. The first chapter introduces the methodology. Chapter Two explores the social, cultural and theological context of the foundation of the Deaconess Institute, and offers a brief outline of the institution's historical development. The third chapter offers an in-depth analysis of the initiation ceremony as a rite which both admitted into the community and conferred an ecclesiastical office. Chapter Four analyses formative and normative texts that shed light on the community's norms, values, and expectations. In the fifth chapter, non-literary means of consolidating and affirming the deaconesses' collective identity are explored. This study concludes that the process of the emergence of a specific deaconess culture was pervaded by bourgeois norms, values, patterns of behaviour and notions about gender roles which measured out the women's radius of action and were at times difficult to reconcile with the deaconess profession.
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James, Serenhedd. "Archbishop George Errington (1804-1886) and the battle for Catholic identity in nineteenth-century England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669952.
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DeYoung, Ursula. "The invention of the scientist : John Tyndall and the fight for scientific authority, 1850-1900." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670013.
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Breidenbach, Michael David. "Conciliarism and American religious liberty, 1632-1835." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648152.
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Moore, Richard. "Christianity and paganism in Victorian fiction." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683121.
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Andrus, Brenda Olsen. "Utopian Marriage in Nineteenth-Century America: Public and Private Discourse." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1998. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTAF,4596.
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Cross, Thomas C. (Thomas Clinton). "The Life and Works of Charlotte Elizabeth Tonna: Anglican Evangelical Progressive." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278033/.
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Among the British evangelicals of her day, Charlotte Elizabeth Browne Phelan Tonna was one of the most popular. She was an Anglican Evangelical Progressive who through her works of fiction, poetry, tracts, travel accounts, and essays dealing with theology, politics and social criticism convinced fellow evangelicals to get actively involved in the issues that concerned her.
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Olsson, Peter L. "I huvudet på Johan Magnus Wickelius." Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Social Sciences, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-9.
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<p>Denna uppsats försöker beskriva Johan Magnus Wickelius (1817-1867) livsförståelse. Eller hans teologiska typ. I det arbetet har jag använt Benkt-Erik Benktsons typologiska metod, inom vilken man arbetar med schematiserade typer som Wickelius är jämförd med och placerade inom (eller inte) under arbetes gång. Denna typologiska metod är inte en klassificering där individen, som undersöks, är placerad i ett fack för alltid. Individen är istället placerad i ett landskap där de schematiserade typerna är som kullar emellan (eller på) vilka individen sedan placeras. Materialet som använts för att placera Wickelius i detta landskap är en 211 sidor lång text som Wickelius skrev från 1859 till 1865, och på framsidan av denna text så skrev han att den inte fick säljas eller lånas ut. Denna karaktär hos texten fick mig att använda Schleiermachers och Diltheys hermeneutiska teorier; detta för att få ett perspektiv på texten enligt vilket de viktiga aspekterna att studera i Wickelius text var individualiteten, singulariteten och att levandegöra detta, av Wickelius skrivna, brev. Målet för tolkningen var att tolka texten först lika bra som, men sen bättre än författaren. Som ett sätt att strukturera materialet delade jag sedan in de texter jag trodde hade något att tillföra typologiseringsarbetet, i tre kategorier. Dessa var: religion, livet och döden. För att få någon att gå i dialog med, så använde jag Karl Barths skrivande om den absolute mannen, som beskriver som upplysningsmannen som en person som gav sig själv rättigheten att mäta allt utifrån honom själv. Ett tronupphöjande av människan som påverkade tidens kristna teologi. Barth menade att tidens teologi förmänskligades, och att de fanns fyra områden där detta märktes tydligt. Dessa var: (1) Staten, och dess kyrka, (2) Borgerlighetens moral, (3) Vetenskapens och Filosofin, (4) Individens inre liv. Dessa fyra områden används sedan för att analysera de tre olika sorterna av text som utvanns ur Wickelius textsamling, för att beskriva hans teologiska typ. Wickelius följer ungefär den absolute mannens väg såsom Barth beskriver den och blir till slut en ganska typisk upplysningskristen, men han har också klara drag av ortodoxi och krossar även gränsen några gånger till naturlig religion. Detta gör hans teologi och den hermeneutiska situation texten beskriver, komplex.</p><br><p>This essay tries to describe J.M. Wickelius (1817-1867) worldwiew, or his theological type. To do so I’ve used Benkt-Erik Benktsons typological method, which works with schematized types that Wickelius are compared to and placed under (or not) during the essay. This typological method is not a pidgeonholing where the individual, who is examined, is placed in a pidgeonhole forever. The individual is instead placed in a landscape where the schematized types are like hills inbetween which the individual is placed. The material used to place Wickelius in this landscape is a 211 pages long text that Wickelius wrote from 1859 to 1865, and on the frontpage of this text he wrote that it was not for sale och for lending out. The shape of the text then lead me to use the hermeneutic theories of Schleiermacher and Dilthey, to get a pespective to the text according to which the important things to study in the text was Wickelius individuality, his singularity and to bring this letter from him alive. The goal of the interrigation was to “understand the text first as well as, and then better than its author” As a way of structuring the material I divided the texts that I reckoned to have something to add in my typological work, into three categories. They were: religion, life and death. To have someone to go into dialogue with, I used Karl Barths writings about the absolute man, which is a description of the enlightenment man as a person who gave himself the right to measure everything according to himself. An enthronement of man, that influenced the christian theology of the time. Barth meant that the theology of the time were humanised, and that there were four areas that was influenced by this humanisation. Those were:The State, The Morality of the Bourgeouisie, The Academic and Philosophical transformation of Christanisty and The Inward, Individual matter. Those four areas are then used to analyze the three different kind of texts from Wickelius to describe his theological type. Wickelius approxamitly follows the absolute mans track from Barth and ends up as a rather typical enlightenment theologian, but has also some clear signs from ortodoxy and also crosses the border to natural religion. This makes his theology and the hermeneutic situation that the text describes, complex .</p>
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McDaniel, Scott C. "Of Mountain Flesh: Space, Religion, and the Creatureliness of Appalachia." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1524776446663574.
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Lott, Bruce R. "Becoming Mormon Men: Male Rites of Passage and the Rise of Mormonism in Nineteenth-Century America." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2000. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,23536.
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Tooley, W. Andrew. "Reinventing redemption : the Methodist doctrine of atonement in Britain and America in the 'long nineteenth century'." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20230.
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This thesis examines the controversy surrounding the doctrine of atonement among transatlantic Methodist during the Victorian and Progressive Eras. Beginning in the eighteenth century, it establishes the dominant theories of the atonement present among English and American Methodists and the cultural-philosophical worldview Methodists used to support these theories. It then explores the extent to which ordinary and influential Methodists throughout the nineteenth century carried forward traditional opinions on the doctrine before examining in closer detail the controversies surrounding the doctrine at the opening of the twentieth century. It finds that from the 1750s to the 1830s transatlantic Methodists supported a range of substitutionary views of the atonement, from the satisfaction and Christus Victor theories to a vicarious atonement with penal emphases. Beginning in the 1830s and continuing through the 1870s, transatlantic Methodists embraced features of the moral government theory, with varying degrees, while retaining an emphasis on traditional substitutionary theories. Methodists during this period were indebted to an Enlightenment worldview. Between 1880 and 1914 transatlantic Methodists gradually accepted a Romantic philosophical outlook with the result that they began altering their conceptions of the atonement. Methodists during this period tended to move in three directions. Progressive Methodists jettisoned prevailing views of the atonement preferring to embrace the moral influence theory. Mediating Methodists challenged traditionally constructed theories for similar reasons but tended to support a theory in which God was viewed as a friendlier deity while retaining substitutionary conceptions of the atonement. Conservatives took a custodial approach whereby traditional conceptions of the atonement were vehemently defended. Furthermore, that transatlantic Methodists were involved in significant discussions surrounding the revision of their theology of atonement in light of modernism in the years surrounding 1900 contributed to their remaining on the periphery of the Fundamentalist-Modernist in subsequent decades.
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Lejeune, Guillaume. "Les dialectes de la dialectique: sens et usage du langage chez Hegel." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209751.
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La thèse s’intéresse au sens et à l’usage du langage chez Hegel à travers une reconstruction de la dialectique et de ses dialectes. <p>Dans la première partie, nous avons reconstruit la théorie implicite du langage à partir des occurrences du thème et de la structure de la philosophie hégélienne. Après une étude génétique et systématique du langage chez le philosophe, nous avons abordé le rapport du langage à la logique. Nous avons alors montré que Hegel essaye moins de construire un langage pour la pensée comme c’est souvent le cas dans les formalismes logiques que de montrer comment la pensée se fait discours dans le langage. A l’issue de cette première partie, il est donc apparu que le langage était moins étudié comme un objet à décrire analytiquement que comme l’élément dans lequel la pensée devenait le discours de l’auto-constitution du sens.<p><p>Une fois ce sens du langage dégagé, nous avons analysé dans la seconde partie, la façon dont Hegel usait du langage pour faire ressortir son discours visant à articuler le sens en son absoluité. Notre démarche essentiellement propédeutique a alors pris un tour problématique, puisque nous avons fait ressortir qu’il y avait une tension entre les textes de philosophie et les textes sur la philosophie. En effet, si le discours philosophique exprime le sens tel qu’il se forme dans le langage, il semble inopportun de faire précéder ce discours de textes tels que des préfaces où des introductions qui ne donnent qu’un point de vue indirect sur la chose. Plus précisément, la dialectique du savoir se formant dans le langage semble perdre dans les textes en marge du système l’intimité requise d’un sens se faisant expérience. Hegel en formulant la philosophie première comme une dialectique autoréférentielle du concept serait pris dans le dilemme suivant :le système interdirait tout texte référentiel (préface, introduction) tout en les nécessitant pour se laisser communiquer. En bref, l’autoréférence au fondement de l’horizon du sens chez Hegel se contredirait dans la communication que vise à établir l’aspect dialogique des préfaces et des introductions. La question que nous avons alors essayé de résoudre est celle de savoir si dialectique et dialogique étaient vraiment à opposer. Après avoir montré que des penseurs comme Schlegel ou Schleiermacher pensaient ces deux concepts ensemble, nous avons fait apparaître que le concept de dialogique pensé dans son historicité s’était vu délimiter concurremment à la grammaire et à la rhétorique des bornes variables. Nous avons alors soutenu la thèse selon laquelle cette plasticité pouvait également s’attacher à la notion de dialogique. Plus précisément, l’opposition apparente de ces deux termes chez Hegel a été mitigée à l’aune d’un concept de dialogique basé sur une relation « Je-Nous ». En montrant que chez Hegel le dialogique des préfaces référait à un « Nous » englobant, le problème de la communication de sa philosophie à travers des textes exotériques n’est plus apparue comme contredisant la structure autoréférentielle du système. Nous avons, par là, fait apparaître que la dialectique de l’élaboration dans le langage pouvait se décliner en des dialectes dialogiques qui, prenant place dans l’espace autoréférentiel de la relation « Je-Nous », n’infirmaient pas le concept d’expérience du sens. <p><p>En guise de conclusion, nous avons esquissé de façon prospective le potentiel d’une telle théorie dans un contexte plus contemporain. Nous avons à cet égard voulu répondre aux critiques de Habermas ou de Gadamer taxant le système hégélien de monologue de l’absolu oublieux du caractère dialogique de la parole et de la communication en montrant l’intérêt qu’une vue plus nuancée sur la pensée dialectique hégélienne pouvait avoir pour la pensée contemporaine.<p><br>Doctorat en Philosophie<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Clark, Cullen T. "Congregational polity and associational authority : the evolution of Nonconformity in Britain, 1765-1865." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/23091.
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Following the Evangelical Awakening, many of the Nonconformist traditions experienced an evolution in their ecclesiastical structure, resulting in the formation of new associations that frequently acted to establish pragmatic agencies like missionary societies, educational boards and social charities. The transition required new expressions of authority. Understanding the nature of this authority is the chief objective of this study. Chapter One introduces the various themes and goals of the study. Chapter Two explores the Hampshire Congregational Union. In addition to the Union’s structure, David Bogue and the Gosport Academy were central to this group’s identity. Chapter Three focuses on the Lancashire Congregational Union in the North West of England, home to William Roby, the central figure within Lancashire Congregationalism. Chapter Four covers the Lancashire and Yorkshire Baptist Association and the later Lancashire and Cheshire Baptist Association, where John Fawcett was the primary influence. The New Connexion of General Baptists, Chapter Five, was under the authoritative direction of Dan Taylor, a former Methodist and a zealous evangelist. Chapter Six analyses the Scotch Baptists. Peculiar among Baptists, it was created under the leadership of Archibald McLean. The British Churches of Christ, Chapter Seven, closely resembled the Scotch Baptists but were different in some fundamental ways. Finally, in Chapter Eight, patterns of associational authority among these associations will be compared and assessed. Authority among Nonconformist associations, particularly those denominations practising congregational polity, was exercised on the grounds of doctrinal purity and evangelistic expansion. As the nineteenth century continued, the organisational structures grew more complex. In turn, increased control was voluntarily granted to the organisations’ governing bodies so they might more efficiently minister. Following the Awakening, these voluntary bodies found new life as a pragmatic expression of Evangelical zeal.
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Bartel, Timothy E. "Glimpses of her Father's glory : deification and divine light in Longfellow's Evangeline." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11853.
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In this thesis I endeavor to discover and show the Unitarian and Patristic theological influences on Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's long narrative poem Evangeline, with special focus on the poem's theological teachings concerning deification and descriptions of the spiritual experience of shining with divine light. In chapter one, I explore the theological climate of early nineteenth-century New England, focusing on the Unitarian and Transcendental movements and Longfellow's familiarity with both. In chapter two, I present an overview of the critical literature concerning the religious elements of Evangeline, beginning with reviews by Longfellow's contemporaries and ending with recent scholarship that calls for a new investigation of Unitarian influences on Evangeline. In chapters three and four, I look back to those Church Fathers who articulated the doctrines of deification and divine light in the second through fourth centuries. Through looking at the presence of the Church Fathers in Longfellow's writings, especially in the unexplored “Christian Fathers” manuscript lectures from the early 1830s, I show how the Patristic writers proved interesting and inspiring to Longfellow in the years leading up to the publication of Evangeline. Finally, in chapters five and six, I investigate in depth the religious elements of Evangeline, giving special attention to the keynote passages of 2.1 and 2.5, which include, respectively, theological teaching concerning deification and a description of the spiritual experience of shining with divine light. I conclude that though in 2.1 Longfellow articulates theological teachings that possess strong affinities with Unitarian doctrine, in 2.5 Longfellow concludes the poem with a characteristically Patristic vision of the deified heroine shining with divine light.
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Kelley, William Frank. "Intellectuals and the Eastern question : 'historical-mindedness' and 'kin beyond sea', c. 1875-1880." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fa39dda1-6c64-4ac0-860c-37c0ffdd6ecd.
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The intractable problems posed by the decline of the Ottoman Empire were a defining feature of the nineteenth-century British experience. Events such as the Greek War of Independence (1821-32), the Crimean War (1853-5), and the Bulgarian Agitation (1876-8) were merely prominent denouements in the protracted history of what contemporaries called 'the Eastern Question'. The Eastern Question could be construed in many ways and admitted many answers. But by the 1870s, many Victorians had come to construe the Eastern Question as primarily an historical question. This thesis explores the ways in which Victorian public intellectuals brought 'historical-mindedness' to bear on the Eastern Question. Nineteenth-century historiography, it is suggested, may often be understood as a variety of contemporary political thought. Part One takes the historian E.A. Freeman, one of the Bulgarian Agitation's leaders, as its subject. Studied in depth, Freeman becomes a window onto how nineteenth-century intellectuals could experience and understand the Eastern Question. Part Two turns to the remarkable efflorescence of historical writing elicited by the so-called Eastern Crisis of 1875-80, investigating how historical arguments were invoked not merely in history books but also in newspaper reports, politically-freighted travel writing, and above all in periodical articles, over two-hundred of which are studied here. When Gladstone invoked the authority of 'the historical school of England' to criticise Lord Beaconsfield during this period, he did so advisedly, for historians both lay and professional were remarkably unanimous in their interpretation of events in south-eastern Europe. Drawing on the insights of comparative philology and often sympathetic to Eastern Orthodoxy for reasons of religion, these historians tended to emphasise the Balkan Christians' European identity, situating them within teleological narratives of progress which evoke contemporaneous Whig histories of England.
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Boauod, Marai. "The Making of Modern Egypt: the Egyptian Ulama as Custodians of Change and Guardians of Muslim Culture." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3102.
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Scholarship on the modern history of the Middle East has undergone profound revision in the previous three decades or so. Many earlier perceptions, largely based on modernization theory, have been either contested or modified. However, the perception of the Egyptian ulama (the traditionally-educated, religious Muslim scholars) in academic scholarship remains largely affected by the legacy of hypotheses of the modernization theory. Old assumptions that the Egyptian ulama were submissive to political power and passive players incapable of accommodating, let alone of fathoming, conditions of the modern world, and who chose or were forced to retreat from this world, losing much, if not all, of their relevance and significance, still infuse the scholarly literature.
Making use of materials obtained from the Egyptian National Archives, this study offers an examination of modern legal reform in Egypt from the nineteenth century through the first part of the twentieth century with the ulama and their legal institutions in mind. As the findings of this study effectively illustrate, the Egyptian ulama were by no means submissive. Rather, they were patient. Far from being passive agents of the past, the Egyptian ulama were active participants who played a critical role in the building of modern Egypt. The ulama had at their disposal sustained social and moral influence, a long-standing position as community leaders, a reputation as defenders and representatives of Islam, the power to validate or invalidate the political establishment by means of public and doctrinal legitimization, and the final authority over laws of family and personal status. Through these strengths, the ulama were able to influence the direction of change and to impact its scope and nature during transitional period that witnessed the making and remaking of modern Egypt.
Considering the nature of changes that they allowed to be introduced to the shari-based justice system and the ones they resisted, as well as their stance regarding social matters, the Egyptian ulama comprehended and recognized modernity as useful. Advanced techniques had to be embraced to strengthen state institutions. However, the ulama thwarted massive and sudden adoption of modernity's cultural elements, so that Egypt would not become a chaotic country and go astray. On the weight of their position as the ultimate authority over family law, the Egyptian ulama blocked rapid social change imposed from the top. Alterations to family law and the social structure were undertaken gradually and with a great deal of delicacy. Therefore, the long-standing social order was not suddenly destroyed and replaced with a new one. Instead, changes to the long-standing social structure were allowed to evolve slowly, while the core was largely preserved.
The ulama's far-reaching plan, which was realized in the long run, was to maintain Islam's position in modern Egypt as a guide and as the main source of legitimacy. As will be shown in this study, the history of the Egyptian ulama reveals not passivity, detachment, or submission but careful, and deliberate action.
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Harris, Eleanor M. "The Episcopal congregation of Charlotte Chapel, Edinburgh, 1794-1818." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/19991.
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This thesis reassesses the nature and importance of the Scottish Episcopal Church in Edinburgh and more widely. Based on a microstudy of one chapel community over a twenty-four year period, it addresses a series of questions of religion, identity, gender, culture and civic society in late Enlightenment Edinburgh, Scotland, and Britain, combining ecclesiastical, social and economic history. The study examines the congregation of Charlotte Episcopal Chapel, Rose Street, Edinburgh, from its foundation by English clergyman Daniel Sandford in 1794 to its move to the new Gothic chapel of St John's in 1818. Initially an independent chapel, Daniel Sandford's congregation joined the Scottish Episcopal Church in 1805 and the following year he was made Bishop of Edinburgh, although he contined to combine this role with that of rector to the chapel until his death in 1830. Methodologically, the thesis combines a detailed reassessment of Daniel Sandford's thought and ministry (Chapter Two) with a prosopographical study of 431 individuals connected with the congregation as officials or in the in the chapel registers (Chapter Three). Biography of the leader and prosopography of the community are brought to illuminate and enrich one another to understand the wealth and business networks of the congregation (Chapter Four) and their attitudes to politics, piety and gender (Chapter Five). The thesis argues that Daniel Sandford's Evangelical Episcopalianism was both original in Scotland, and one of the most successful in appealing to educated and influential members of Edinburgh society. The congregation, drawn largely from the newly-built West End of Edinburgh, were bourgeois and British in their composition. The core membership of privileged Scots, rooted in land and law, led, but were also challenged by and forced to adapt to a broad social spread who brought new wealth and influence into the West End through India and the consumer boom. The discussion opens up many avenues for further research including the connections between Scottish Episcopalianism and romanticism, the importance of India and social mobility within the consumer economy in the development of Edinburgh, and Scottish female intellectual culture and its engagement with religion and enlightenment. Understanding the role of enlightened, evangelical Episcopalianism, which is the contribution of this study, will form an important context for these enquiries.
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Zeske, Karen Marie. "Browning and Dickens: Religious Direction in Victorian England." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1991. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500704/.
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Many Nineteenth century writers experienced the withdrawal of God discussed by Miller in The Disappearance of God. Robert Browning and Charles Dickens present two examples of "Fra Lippo Lippi" and Great Expectations model effective alternatives to accepting God's absence. Conversely "Andrea del Sarto" accepts the void the other two heroes shun.
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Le, Corre-Carrasco Marion. "Le sacré espagnol aux prises avec la Modernité (1868-1923) : étude d'un motif iconographique et littéraire, au carrefour de l'identité nationale et de la création artistique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100143/document.
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A la charnière du XIXe et du XXe siècle, l’Espagne vit une révolution cultuelle et culturelle sans précédent. La question du sacré permet de cristalliser les enjeux de cette crise. Une approche résolument transversale révèle en effet le sacré comme clef de voûte des troubles qui agitent les Espagnols. La remise en cause continue de la place de l’Église dans la société, alimentée par l’affrontement sous-jacent entre cléricaux et anticléricaux, est fondamentale dans la douloureuse quête idiosyncratique qui ébranle la nation. Les artistes, témoins et acteurs de leur époque, se font l’écho de cette tension politique et sociale. Dans un premier temps, l’analyse du motif du sacré, livré par des romans et des tableaux, met en évidence non seulement la manifestation d’une sécularisation en marche, mais également la prégnance d’une culture religieuse durablement fixée. Dans un second temps, la polymorphie intrinsèque de ce sacré pré-moderne est abordée par une typologie qui en précise l’expression, de la plus manifeste à la moins tangible, cette dilution du sacré étant caractéristique de la Modernité. Enfin, au-delà de l’étude du motif iconographique et romanesque, une analyse du processus du sacré met en lumière combien les artistes de cette période sondent et interrogent la sacralité présente dans leurs œuvres, et combien celle-ci, ondoyante et industrieuse, échappe à leur contrôle, creusant les prémices d’une religion de l’art<br>During the transitional period between the 19th and the 20th century, Spain experienced an unprecedented revolution, both religious and cultural. The issue of the sacred enabled to crystallize what is at stake during this crisis. A thoroughly cross-conceptual approach shows the sacred as a keystone for the mayhem that Spanish people underwent. The role of the church in Spanish society kept being questioned, due to the underlying conflict between those who supported the church and the others who were opposed to it. This questioning was fundamental in the difficult idiosyncratic quest which shook the nation. Artists, who were both witnesses and actors of their time, unveiled and showed this political and social tension. Firstly, the analysis of the pattern of the sacred through novels and paintings underlines the evidence of the secularization that took place. Likewise, it discloses the pregnancy of a religious culture established on a permanent basis in Spanish society. Secondly, the intrinsic polymorphous aspect of this pre-modern sacred is revealed by a typology which develops the representation of the sacred, from the most obvious to the least tangible one. This dilution of the sacred is characteristic of Modernity. Finally, beyond the study of the iconographic and novelistic pattern, an analysis of the process of the sacred enhances how the artists of this era took soundings and questioned sacrality in their works of art. It also shows how sacrality, constantly changing, could not be mastered by the artists, digging the roots of a cult for art
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Schreiber, Jean-Philippe. "Immigration et intégration des juifs en Belgique (1830-1914)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212772.
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Puig, Carlos Fils. "James Clerk Maxwell e a unidade do mundo: modelos e metáforas na construção de teorias científicas." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8301.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Esta é uma pesquisa sobre o uso de metáforas na construção de modelos por parte do físico escocês James Clerk Maxwell. O objetivo da pesquisa foi buscar compreender de que maneira o uso de metáforas e modelos é legítimo na ciência e em que medida contribui para seu sucesso. Além disso, busca compreender em que medida o uso de artifícios como modelos e analogias entre ramos distintos da ciência são impulsionadores de sucesso explicativo e preditivo da teoria do físico estudado. Explora as crenças teológicas e filosóficas do autor, que vê o mundo como unidade, permitindo a analogia entre ramos distintos da física. Seus desenvolvimentos em torno de teorias como calor, cores, óptica, magnetismo e eletricidade permitem evidenciar essa visão em todo o seu trabalho. Maxwell é considerado inaugurador de nova metodologia com o uso de modelos e metáforas. Explora o desenvolvimento da teoria das cores, da descrição matemática da estabilidade dos anéis de Saturno e o desenvolvimento da teoria dos gases como preâmbulo à discussão da teoria do eletromagnetismo. Descreve o desenvolvimento teórico do eletromagnetismo em seus diversos momentos. A construção da teoria do eletromagnetismo evidencia paulatino abandono do mecanicismo, uso intenso de modelos e metáforas temporários e ênfase na quantificação e no uso de experimentos. Discute o relacionamento de Maxwell com as discussões filosóficas, sociais e teológicas de sua época, seu engajamento em atividades práticas nesse sentido e suas influências científicas e filosóficas. Descreve e discute os textos filosóficos do cientista, em que se evidenciam sua ontologia, suas crenças teológicas e sua concepção de analogias. Discute a questão do uso de analogias em ciência e compara diversos autores que abordam o tema. A metodologia utilizada foi a de levantamento bibliográfico com análise crítica da literatura do autor e de seus comentadores, além de comentário crítico sobre os textos primários e secundários. Conclui que o sucesso científico de Maxwell deve-se à sua aposta numa unidade do mundo garantida por Deus, bem como na unidade entre o mundo e a mente humana, posturas que mostraram ser bem-sucedidas quando aplicadas à metodologia científica. Conclui também pela legitimidade e necessidade do uso de metáforas e modelos no empreendimento científico.<br>This is a research about the use of metaphors in the construction of models by the Scotish Physician James Clerk Maxwell. The aim of the research was to comprehend in which way the use of metaphors and models is legitimate in Science, and in what measure it contributes to its success. Also, tries to comprehend in which measure the use of artifices like models and analogies between different branches of Science forward the explicative and predictive success of the physicians theory that is studied here. It explores the theological and philosophycal beliefs of the author, who sees the world as a unity, allowing for the analogy between distinct branches of Physics. His developments with theories like heat, colour, optics, magnetism, and electricity enable to highlight this vision in the whole of his work. Maxwell is considered the starter of a new methodology with the use of models and metaphors. It explores the development of the theory of colours, the mathematical description of the stability of the rings of Saturn, and the development of the theory of gases as an introduction to the discussion of the theory of electromagnetism. It describes the theoretical development of electromagnetism in its several different moments. The theoretical construction of electromagnetism highlights the gradual abandonment of mecanicism, the intense use of temporary models and metaphors, and the enphasis in the quantification and use of experiments. It discusses the relationship between Maxwell and the philosophical, social and theological discussions of his time, his engagement in practical activities in this sense, and his cientific and philosophical influences. It describes and discusses the philosophical texts of the scientist, in which his ontology, his theological beliefs, and his analogy conceptions are highlighted. It discusses the issue of the use of analogies in Science, comparing several authors who deal with the subject. The methodology used was that of bibliographic survey with critical analysis of the authors literature, and of his commentators, and also a critical commentary on the primary and secondary texts. It concludes that the scientific success of Maxwell is due to his wager on the unity of the world guaranteed by God, as well as the unity between the world and the human mind, positions that showed to be well-succeeded when applied to the scientific methodology. It concludes also for the legitimacy and necessity of the use of metaphors and models in the scientific enterprise.
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Gardner, Ryan S. "A History of the Concepts of Zion and New Jerusalem in America From Early Colonialism to 1835 With A Comparison to the Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2002. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,34559.
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Regier, James. "Where the two kingdoms merge : the struggle for balance between national and religious identity among Mennonites in Wilhelmine Germany /." Diss., Click here for available full-text of this thesis, 2006. http://library.wichita.edu/digitallibrary/etd/2006/t033.pdf.
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Mayer, Sophie. "Formes du mouvement dans la poésie d’Emily Dickinson – déplacements, réécritures, conversions." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA112/document.
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L’objectif de cette thèse est de montrer que le mouvement constitue le principe fondateur de la démarche intellectuelle et poétique d’Emily Dickinson (1830-1886). Mis au service d’une pensée qui ne cessa de se remettre en question et de combattre les certitudes et les schémas (culturels, religieux…) établis, le mouvement se révèle être une arme de déstabilisation et de déconstruction critique visant à discréditer tous les systèmes de pensée et de croyances jugés autoritaires et « dogmatiques », au sens fort où l’entendaient les sceptiques anciens, avec lesquels Dickinson présente d’évidentes affinités. Mais le mouvement apparaît également comme un principe vital et un agent de construction dans les poèmes : il permet d’élaborer, par voie de réécritures subversives et de détournements subtils, une approche du monde, de la connaissance et de la foi, qui vise aussi bien à légitimer la puissance de la pensée et de l’expérience individuelles qu’à rendre compte de ce que l’incertitude, l’instabilité et le changement sont l’essence même de la pensée et de la vie. Située au croisement de la poétique, de l’épistémologie et de l’approche dite « culturelle », cette thèse se propose d’examiner les formes du mouvement présentes dans l’œuvre de Dickinson en les mettant en regard d’une scène nationale elle-même mouvementée, placée sous le signe de la rupture, de la crise et du doute, mais également portée par un élan de libération et de renouveau qui vit l’émergence de nouvelles forces (politiques, économiques, sociales, culturelles) qui entendaient valoriser et défendre la liberté et l’épanouissement individuels<br>The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that the fundamental poetic and intellectual principle in the work of Emily Dickinson (1830-1886) is movement. In the service of an intellect that constantly questioned and challenged the established religious and cultural frameworks, movement firstly reveals itself to be a weapon of destabilisation and critical deconstruction : indeed, it aims to discredit and overturn systems of thought and beliefs deemed authoritarian and dogmatic, the latter in the strong sense as understood by the ancient sceptics, with whom Dickinson had obvious affinities. Movement however also appears as a vital principle and a constructive agent within her work : through subversive rewritings and subtle deviations, it enables the elaboration of an approach to the world, knowledge and faith, which seeks as much to legitimise the power of individual experience and reflection, as to acknowledge that uncertainty, instability and change are the very essence of thought and of life. At the intersection of poetics, epistemology and cultural studies, this thesis thus examines the forms of movement present in Dickinson’s work, by considering them alongside a turbulent national context, itself characterized by rupture, crisis and doubt, but equally impelled by a momentum towards liberation and renewal, which saw the emergence of new forces (political, economic, social, cultural) valorising and defending the freedom and flourishing of the individual
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Hanson, Jeffrey Allan. "SAVING APPEARANCES." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1172593287.
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James, Kevin 1973. "The Saint Patrick's Society of Montreal : ethno-religious realignment in a nineteenth-century national society." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27944.
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This study explores the effects of ethno-religious tensions on the dynamics of fraternalism in nineteenth-century Montreal. With the Irish "national society" as its focus, it relates the internal politics of the Saint Patrick's Society of Montreal to broader narratives of the cultural, intellectual and institutional evolution of civil society in Lower Canada. Beginning with an overview of sources and a discussion of early Irish migration, it proceeds to explore the effects of emerging social and political patterns and ethno-religious identities on a middle-class fraternal project from the early nineteenth-century to the dissolution of the Saint Patrick's Society in 1856.
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Scholz, Sabine. "The Digambara Jainas of South Maharashtra and North Karnataka since the late 19th century : towards the establishment of collective religious identity and a Digambara Jaina community." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-digambara-jainas-of-south-maharashtra-and-north-karnataka-since-the-late-19th-centurytowards-the-establishment-of-collective-religious-identity-and-a-digambara-jaina-community(ac458b3d-61d2-4352-87f8-771b391877e9).html.
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This thesis aims at locating the position of the Jainas within the Indian religious landscape. From the second half of the 19th century onwards, novel concepts of collective religious identities and the formation of exclusive communities among religious lines have led to the establishment of the popular image of India's religious landscape as consisting of a Hindu majority and several religious minorities. This model is based on exclusive, often antagonistic religious categories. However, by discussing the position of the Jainas within the framework of India's religious pluralism, the present thesis attempts to question this popular concept. As will be argued, similar to members of other religious traditions, among Jainas too the identity discourse of the intellectual elite has introduced broader supra-locally, supra-caste-based concepts of community. However, this process of collective identity and community formation has not been based on, in Harjot Oberoi's terms, the 'construction of religious boundaries' (1994) between Jainas and Hindus. These `blurred boundaries´ between Hindus and Jainas in the modern Jaina identity discourse defy a concrete positioning of the Jainas within the framework of India's religious landscape.This thesis will begin with the analysis of the late 19th and early 20th century Jaina discourse of Western orientalists and intellectual Jainas, and its impact on the `definition´ of `Jaina values´ and the Jainas as a `community´. Mainly focusing on the regional sub-group of the Digambara Jainas of South Maharashtra and North Karnataka, the research will also discuss the impact of non-middle-class `agents´ in the process of community building among Jainas. In this respect it will be argued that lay-ascetic interaction and the performance of distinct rituals and festivals largely contribute to the establishment of community among Digambara Jainas. The strict practice of Digambara ascetics also adds the element of asceticism to the `Jaina values´, which have been propagated by intellectual lay Jaina individuals and organisations from the early 20th century onwards. These propagated `Jaina values´, most prominently among them ahiṃsā and tolerance, make Jainism the most suitable religion for modern times, and symbolise ancient Indian `values´ in their `purest form´.However, regarding the Jainas as a `community´, this Jaina discourse has remained rather vague and abstract. This vagueness finds its most concrete expression in the still undecided legal status of the Jainas regarding their inclusion among the nationwide religious minorities. In comparison to other Indian religious minority traditions, the Sikhs and Buddhists in particular, the `Jaina case´ suggests a complexity of collective religious identifications in the Indian religious landscape, which defies any fixed model.
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Daled, Pierre-Frédéric. "Le matérialisme occulté et la genèse du sensualisme: histoires écrite et réelle de la philosophie en France." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211068.
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Cette thèse révèle les schémas historiques et les occultations intentionnelles du matérialisme qu’ont imposés en France les conceptions uniformes de l’écriture de l’histoire de la philosophie de Degérando, Cousin et Damiron. À côté de l’anti-matérialisme généralisé des premiers historiens de la philosophie du XIXe siècle, à l’exception toutefois de Paul-Marie Laurent, l’auteur souligne aussi la genèse de leurs innovations conceptuelles :l’apparition, en 1801-1804, via Kant et Villers, de la catégorie doctrinale, alors inédite en France, de « sensualisme ». Omissions et innovations dont les effets courent encore jusqu’à nous et dont l’oubli occasionne bien des anachronismes.<p><p>Occulted Materialism and the Genesis of « Sensualism ».<p>Histories, Written and Real, of Philosophy in France<p><p>This thesis reveals the historic schemes and the intentional occultations of materialism as imposed in France by the uniform conceptions of the writing of the history of philosophy of Degérando, Cousin and Damiron. Beside the anti-materialism generalized by the early nineteenth-century historians of philosophy, with the exception of Paul-Marie Laurent, the author also underlines the genesis of their conceptual innovations :the appearance, between 1801 and 1804, through Kant and Villers, of the doctrinal category of « sensualism », at that time unheard of in France. The effects of both omissions and innovations are still affecting us today. Forgetting them brings about a good bit of anachronisms.<p><p><br>Agrégation de l'enseignement supérieur, Orientation philosophie et lettres<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Daskalakis, Konstantios. "Le concept répétition du possible: Heidegger, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209715.
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A partir de 1919, Heidegger élabore plusieurs projets temporels grâce à une phénoménologie herméneutique caractérisée par la fonction méthodique de l’indication formelle, dont la dernière communication date de 1930. Dans ces projets, on trouve à plusieurs reprises la notion de répétition. Plusieurs commentateurs considèrent Kierkegaard comme source de la répétition heideggérienne tandis que d’autres se réfèrent à Nietzsche. Heidegger emploie le terme Wiederholung, Kierkegaard la notion Gjentagelse, et Nietzsche les notions Wiederkehr, Wiederkunft et Wiederholung. L’expression précise « répétition du possible » se trouve dans certaines œuvres des trois penseurs, et s’insère dans des projets temporels différents. La possibilité, en dehors de sa signification modale, décrit depuis Aristote un caractère de l’étant, en corrélation avec le phénomène fondamental qu’est le mouvement. Tant Kierkegaard que Nietzsche, et par la suite Heidegger, ont abordé la question de la mobilité comme thème fondamental dans leurs recherches, pour promouvoir la possibilité en tant que possibilité. Chez les trois penseurs, répétition n’est pas itération, ni retour de la même facticité empirique, mais répétition de la possibilité. Par l’expression « répétition du possible », il s’agit de décrire un mouvement temporel, accordant un sens spécifique au passé, et même à l’histoire. Ce mouvement temporel non objectivable, précède nécessairement le temps uniforme linéaire qui a déterminé la conception classique du temps depuis Aristote. Nécessairement mien, et à la fois continu et discontinu, ce mouvement qui, par son essence ne se manifeste que rarement, tient ensemble passé et futur autour de l’instant privilégié. L’instant, lié à la possibilité d’une décision qui ne se réfère pas à l’attente devant la réalisation des possibilités quotidiennes, a pour enjeu l’entièreté de la vie, visant la transformation de la vie et la constitution de l’homme. De cette manière dans différents projets chez les trois penseurs, la répétition et l’instant font entrer en jeu la question de la liberté. La conceptualité, ce qui revient à dire, la méthode de cette pensée temporelle, s’avèrent tellement importante, de sorte que cette pensée devient accessible grâce à une communication « indirecte » qui demande une contribution essentielle du lecteur. Le travail envisage l’affinité des trois penseurs tant à travers le caractère indirect de la communication de la temporalité que la tâche d’assumer le passé.<br>Doctorat en Philosophie<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Barthélemy, Sarah. "L'appropriation du modèle jésuite comme acte fondateur. Les fidèles compagnes de Jésus (1820) : genre, sainteté et processus de légitimation." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0116.
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Dans la France du début du XIXe siècle, Marie Madeleine de Bengy de Bonnault d’Houët (1781-1858) fonde les Fidèles Compagnes de Jésus, afin d'« être jésuite ». Que signifiait l'utilisation du modèle jésuite comme instrument d'action ? Quelles sont les constructions identitaires, tant masculines que féminines, qui émergent de cette initiative ? En partant d'une approche au croisement entre genre et religion, basée sur des sources écrites produites par des femmes et des hommes, ainsi que des sources institutionnelles, il s'agira de faire l'histoire du rapport entre les sexes au niveau individuel, à partir de la fondatrice et des jésuites de son entourage, et au niveau collectif, à partir de l'enjeu d'institutionnalisation de la congrégation nouvellement créée, face à la Compagnie de Jésus et aux Congrégations de la curie romaine. Devant cette proposition de vie religieuse féminine, la réponse de l'Église est plurielle, se traduisant par des conflits comme des collaborations, indépendamment de ses niveaux hiérarchiques et géographiques.Deux fondements de la légitimation guident cette recherche : celui du parcours d'une femme et de ses conditions d'accès à l'autorité dans un dispositif masculin, mais également celui d'une femme en marge de l'Église devenue candidate à la sainteté. Le corpus hagiographique, composé de multiples formes de récits et des positiones, oscille entre plusieurs représentations genrées de Madame d'Houët, pour finalement valider une féminité qui échappe à ce qui est perçu comme les limites de son sexe tout en se conformant à l'idéal de la fondatrice<br>In early 19th century France, Mary Magdalene de Bengy de Bonnault d'Houët (1781-1858) founded the Faithful Companions of Jesus in order to "be a Jesuit". What did the use of the Jesuit model mean as an instrument of action? What are the masculine and feminine identities that emerge from this initiative? Situated at the crossroads of gender and religious history, based on written sources produced by women and men, as well as institutional sources, this project seeks to understand the relationship between the sexes at the individual level, through the founder and the Jesuits in her entourage, and at the collective level, through the institutionalization of the newly created congregation, faced with the Society of Jesus and the Congregations of the Roman Curia. The Church's response towards this proposal of female religious life is plural, resulting in conflicts and collaboration, regardless of its hierarchical and geographical levels.Two foundations of legitimation guide this research: on the one hand, a woman's journey and her conditions of access to authority in a male system, on the other, a woman on the margins of the Church who has become a candidate for sainthood. The hagiographical corpus, composed of multiple narratives and the “positiones”, oscillates between several gendered representations of Madame d'Houët, to finally validate a femininity that escapes what is perceived as the limits of her sex while conforming to the foundress' ideal
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Daughtry, Ann Dring. "Convent refuges for disgraced girls and women in nineteenth-century France /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phd238.pdf.
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Mudd, Nathanael L. "Independence and Obedience: The First Five Years of the Fathers of Mercy in the United States of America." Athenaeum of Ohio / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=athe1630316420111196.
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Riso, Mary. "The good death : expectations concerning death and the afterlife among evangelical Nonconformists in England 1830-1880." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/19976.
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This thesis examines six factors that helped to shape beliefs and expectations about death among evangelical Nonconformists in England from 1830 down to 1880: the literary conventions associated with the denominational magazine obituaries that were used as primary source material, theology, social background, denominational variations, Romanticism and the last words and experiences of the dying. The research is based on an analysis of 1,200 obituaries divided evenly among four evangelical Nonconformist denominations: the Wesleyan Methodists, the Primitive Methodists, the Congregationalists and the Baptists. The study is distinctive in four respects. First, the statistical analysis according to three time periods (the 1830s, 1850s and 1870s), close reading and categorisation of a sample this large are unprecedented and make it possible to observe trends among Nonconformists in mid-nineteenth-century England. Second, it evaluates the literary construct of the obituaries as a four-fold formula consisting of early life, conversion, the living out of the faith and the death narrative as a tool for understanding them as authentic windows into evangelical Nonconformist experience. Third, the study traces two movements that inform the changing Nonconformist experience of death: the social shift towards middle-class respectability and the intellectual shift towards a broader Evangelicalism. Finally, the thesis considers how the varying experiences of the dying person and the observers and recorders of the death provide different perspectives. These features inform the primary argument of the thesis, which is that expectations concerning death and the afterlife among evangelical Nonconformists in England from 1830 down to 1880 changed as reflections of larger shifts in Nonconformity towards middle-class respectability and a broader Evangelicalism. This transformation was found to be clearly revealed when considering the tension in Nonconformist allegiance to both worldly and spiritual matters. While the last words of the dying pointed to a timeless experience that placed hope in the life to come, the obituaries as compiled by the observers of the death and by the obituary authors and editors reflected changing attitudes towards death and the afterlife among nineteenth-century evangelical Nonconformists that looked increasingly to earthly existence for the fulfilment of hopes.
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Giragosian, James Gerard. "Wisdom as Sophia: An Analysis of the Sophiologies of Three 19th-20th Century Russian Philosopher-Theologians--Vladimir Solovyov, Pavel Florensky, and Sergius Bulgakov--Implications for Adult Learning." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/47730.
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This study examined the concept of "wisdom" from the perspective of "sophiology"--a current in late nineteenth and early twentieth century Russian religious philosophy--particularly as it was used in the writings of Vladimir Solovyov, Pavel Florensky, and Sergius Bulgakov. The purpose of the study was to examine how the sophiological perspective as developed in these authors could inform an understanding of "wisdom" in the field of adult learning.
The nature of "wisdom" has been one of the major themes in both Eastern and Western traditions of philosophical and theological thought for thousands of years. In the mid-nineteenth century, however, the epistemological tendency to approach the world exclusively from the standpoint of observation and experiment reduced "wisdom" to nothing more than technical knowledge verified by experience.
The concept/construct of wisdom, however, has been experiencing resurgence in the social sciences, including the field of adult learning. My research did not, however, find an instance in which the sophiological perspective had informed the field's understanding of wisdom. For this reason, the perspective of sophiology and its potential contribution to adult learning offered a unique research opportunity.
In this study, I sought to add another dimension to the already multi-faceted nature of wisdom in the field of adult learning. I also hoped to enhance the value of sophiological thought by demonstrating its application to a field with which it had not been previously associated.
I sought to accomplish these objectives using the method of hermeneutics, an interpretive mode of inquiry with both reproductive and productive aspects. The reproductive aspect established the historical and philosophical context of the three thinkers and discussed how their sophiological texts aided an understanding of their thought as a whole, and vice versa. The productive aspect explored applications of sophiological thought to the field of adult learning. Since I was the "research instrument" for the study, I also introduced the reader to aspects of my own background and experience that prepared me for this interpretive inquiry.<br>Ph. D.