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Setyanto, Dwi, Hadi Rahmaddani, and Hendro Wardoyo. "KRITERIA PEMANDUAN BAKAT LIGA KOMPAS GRAMEDIA." Jurnal Ilmiah Sport Coaching and Education 1, no. 1 (January 30, 2017): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jsce.01102.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kriteria pemanduan bakat Liga Kompas Gramedia yang dilakukan oleh tim pemandu bakat sehingga terpilih pemain muda berbakat untuk berlaga di Gothia Cup. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dimana peneliti menjelaskan kriteria yang digunakan tim pemandu bakat Liga Kompas Gramedia dalam melakukan pemilihan pemain untuk mewakili Indonesia pada Gothia Cup. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data, kriteria penilaian untuk pemain belakang yaitu pressure, cover, support, concentration, control & restraint, 1v1. Kriteria untuk pemain tengah yaitu distribusi bola, awareness, support, mobility, disiplin, 1v1, transisi. Kriteria untuk pemain depan yaitu improvisasi, awareness, support, mobility, penetrasi, 1v1, transisi. Kriteria untuk penjaga gawang yaitu tangkapan, diving save, skim diving, punching pada ketinggian bola atas, tengah, dan menyusur tanah, 1v1, intercept, positioning, reaksi, dan teknik melempar javelin dan bowling dan teknik tendangan volley dan ground ball, komunikasi, dan waktu bermain.
Kata Kunci : Kriteria, Pemanduan Bakat, Pemain Belakang, Sepakbola
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Ye, Deheng, Zhao Liu, Mingfei Sun, Bei Shi, Peilin Zhao, Hao Wu, Hongsheng Yu, et al. "Mastering Complex Control in MOBA Games with Deep Reinforcement Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 04 (April 3, 2020): 6672–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i04.6144.
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We study the reinforcement learning problem of complex action control in the Multi-player Online Battle Arena (MOBA) 1v1 games. This problem involves far more complicated state and action spaces than those of traditional 1v1 games, such as Go and Atari series, which makes it very difficult to search any policies with human-level performance. In this paper, we present a deep reinforcement learning framework to tackle this problem from the perspectives of both system and algorithm. Our system is of low coupling and high scalability, which enables efficient explorations at large scale. Our algorithm includes several novel strategies, including control dependency decoupling, action mask, target attention, and dual-clip PPO, with which our proposed actor-critic network can be effectively trained in our system. Tested on the MOBA game Honor of Kings, the trained AI agents can defeat top professional human players in full 1v1 games.
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Clemente, Filipe Manuel, Micael Santos Couceiro, Fernando Manuel Lourenço Martins, Gonçalo Dias, and Rui Mendes. "Interpersonal Dynamics: 1v1 Sub-Phase at Sub-18 Football Players." Journal of Human Kinetics 36, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0018.
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The performance of football players within game context can be analyzed based on their ability to break or (re)balance the attacker-defender dyad. In this context, the analysis of each sub-phase (e.g., 1v1, 2v2) presents a feature that needs to be taken into account in sports analysis. This study aims to investigate the interpersonal dynamics dyad formed by the attacker and the defender in 1v1 situations with a goalkeeper. A sample of 11 football male players (age: 17.91 ± 1.04 years) with 8.6 ± 1.52 years of practice experience participated in the study. Analyzing the 1v1 sub-phase, results show that the distance, speed and angular amplitude between the attacker and the defender increases, especially when the attacker attempts to overtake the defender (i.e., score a goal). We conclude that decision-making emerges from the perception that players draw from the action, actively and consistently interacting to find solutions to emerging problems within the game context
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Trappe, Todd A., Chad C. Carroll, Bozena Jemiolo, Scott W. Trappe, Simon Døssing, Michael Kjaer, and S. Peter Magnusson. "Cyclooxygenase mRNA expression in human patellar tendon at rest and after exercise." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 294, no. 1 (January 2008): R192—R199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00669.2007.
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Exercise has been shown to acutely elevate several metabolic processes in tendon tissue, including collagen turnover and blood flow, and chronically induce changes in tendon properties. Many of these acute metabolic responses to exercise are regulated by the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. We measured the expression levels of COX-1 [variants 1 and 2 (COX-1v1 and COX-1v2)], COX-2, and the recently discovered intron 1-retaining COX-1 variants (COX-1b1, COX-1b2, and COX-1b3) at rest and after resistance exercise (RE). Patellar tendon biopsy samples were taken from six individuals (3 men and 3 women) before and 4 h after a bout of RE (3 sets of 10 repetitions at ∼70% of 1 repetition maximum) and from a separate group of six individuals (3 men and 3 women) before and 24 h after RE and analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. The COX-1 variants were the most abundant COX mRNAs before exercise and remained unchanged ( P > 0.05) after exercise. COX-2 was also expressed in tendon tissue at rest and was unchanged ( P > 0.05) after exercise. The intron 1-retaining COX-1 variants were not detectable in tendon tissue before or after exercise. COX-1 and COX-2 were expressed at much higher levels by the patellar tendon than by quadriceps skeletal muscle, although the overall COX mRNA expression patterns were similar in skeletal muscle and tendon (COX-1v2 > COX-1v1, P < 0.05; ratio of COX-1 to COX-2 ≅ 4:1). These results suggest that COX-1 and COX-2 are constitutively expressed at relatively high levels in human patellar tendon and are likely targets of COX-inhibiting drugs at rest and after physical activity.
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Goliński, Dawid, Jarosław Muracki, Paweł Wolański, Sebastian Klich, and Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz. "Small-Sided Soccer Game (1v1) in Goalkeepers’ Training." Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine 16 (2016): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/cej.2016.4-12.
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Duarte, R., D. Araujo, V. Gazimba, O. Fernandes, H. Folgado, J. Marmeleira, and K. Davids. "The Ecological Dynamics of 1v1 Sub-Phases in Association Football." Open Sports Sciences Journal 3, no. 1 (March 7, 2014): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875399x010030100016.
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Buraczewski, Tomasz, Leszek Cicirko, and Damian Gawlik. "DIFFERENTIATED ANALYSIS OF OFFENSIVE ACTIONS BY FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN SELECTED MATCHES FROM THE EURO 2008." Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 20, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2013-0017.
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Abstract Introduction. Football training should be organized in view of the requirements of contemporary sports and should be analyzed based on data obtained by observing the best teams in action. The goal of this study was to compare the frequency and effectiveness of selected tactical and technical actions performed by footballers from winning and losing teams in selected matches from the Euro 2008. Material and methods. The study involved close observation of performances by 166 players from 11 countries in 8 matches (Turkey-Czech Republic 3:2; Turkey-Switzerland 2:1; Italy- France 2:0; Holland-France 4:1; Sweden-Greece 2:0; Spain-Sweden 2:1; Germany-Portugal 3:2; Spain-Germany 1:0). The total amount of game observation time equaled 720 minutes. Analysis was conducted by repeatedly viewing DVDs of matches and coding the results on a detailed observational spreadsheet containing a detailed breakdown of offensive actions such as attempting goals, passing the ball or 1v1 attacking. Results and conclusions. Analysis showed that winning teams were more effective in seven out of eight indexes, i.e.: overall effectiveness in offense, effectiveness in attempting goals, overall effectiveness in passing, effectiveness in passing in easy situations, and effectiveness in 1v1 attacking. Losing teams were more effective solely in the index for passing in difficult situations.
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Ren, Lei, Shilong Wang, Lili Yi, and Shouli Sun. "An accurate method for five-axis flute grinding in cylindrical end-mills using standard 1V1/1A1 grinding wheels." Precision Engineering 43 (January 2016): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precisioneng.2015.09.002.
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Clemente, Filipe, Micael Couceiro, Fernando Martins, Gonçalo Dias, and Rui Mendes. "Influence of task constraints on attacker trajectories during 1V1 sub-phases in soccer practice." Sportlogia 8, no. 1 (July 6, 2012): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5550/sgia.120801.en.013c.
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Shafizadeh, Mohsen, Keith Davids, Vanda Correia, Jonathan Wheat, and Hazuan Hizan. "Informational constraints on interceptive actions of elite football goalkeepers in 1v1 dyads during competitive performance." Journal of Sports Sciences 34, no. 17 (December 14, 2015): 1596–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1125011.
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Smith, Aaron P., Jennifer R. Peterson, and Kimberly Kirkpatrick. "Reward Contrast Effects on Impulsive Choice and Timing in Rats." Timing & Time Perception 4, no. 2 (June 10, 2016): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134468-00002059.
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Despite considerable interest in impulsive choice as a predictor of a variety of maladaptive behaviors, the mechanisms that drive choice behavior are still poorly understood. The present study sought to examine the influence of one understudied variable, reward magnitude contrast, on choice and timing behavior as changes in magnitude commonly occur within choice procedures. In addition, assessments of indirect effects on choice behavior through magnitude-timing interactions were assessed by measuring timing within the choice task. Rats were exposed to choice procedures composed of different pairs of magnitudes of rewards for either the smaller-sooner (SS) or larger-later (LL) option. In Phase 2, the magnitude of reward either increased or decreased by one pellet in different groups (LL increase = 1v1 → 1v2; SS decrease = 2v2 → 1v2; SS increase = 1v2 → 2v2), followed by a return to baseline in Phase 3. Choice behavior was affected by the initial magnitudes experienced in the task, an anchor effect. The nature of the change in magnitude affected choice behavior as well. Timing behavior was also affected by the reward contrast manipulation albeit to a lesser degree and the timing and choice effects were correlated. The results suggest that models of choice behavior should incorporate reinforcement history, reward contrast elements, and magnitude-timing interactions, but that direct effects of reward contrast on choice should be given more weight than the indirect reward-timing interactions. A better understanding of the factors that contribute to choice behavior could supply key insights into this important individual differences variable.
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Esteves, Pedro. "Postura corporal e relações angulares face ao cesto influenciam a tomada de decisão no 1v1 em basquetebol." Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte 12 (June 2012): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4321/s1578-84232012000300005.
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Effgen, Christian, and Bejamin Kirsch. "A New Method for the Preparation of Cutting Edges via Grinding." Advanced Materials Research 769 (September 2013): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.769.85.
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In this paper, a new method for the preparation of cutting edges via grinding is presented. This method enables the manufacturing of the tool macro and micro geometry in one setup without reclamping, allowing improved flexibility, repeatability and accuracy at reduced processing times. This new method is path controlled using a special elastic bond for the grinding wheels. By using elastic bond, a rounded cutting edge instead of undesired chamfers can be achieved, as the bond nestles around the cutting edge and elastically deforms. The elastic bond is specified by the grain concentration and its basic hardness. Besides the specifications of the bond, the process kinematics highly influences the properties of the cutting edge. The kinematics is a combination of the tool path (machining strategy) and the grinding wheel geometry. The presented experiments include the examination of three different kinematics using three different grinding wheel geometries, FEPA 1A1, 1V1 and 4A2. For each kinematics, three different grain concentrations and three degrees of basic bond hardness were tested, resulting in a complete amount of 27 parameter combinations. The outer diameter cutting edges of cemented carbide milling tools (end mills) were prepared in a 5-axis tool grinding machine. The shape and quality of the achieved cutting edge rounding was qualitatively evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
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Lachaume, Charles-Mathieu, François Trudeau, and Jean Lemoyne. "Energy expenditure by elite midget male ice hockey players in small-sided games." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 12, no. 4 (August 2017): 504–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954117718075.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the energy expenditure and heart rate responses elicited in elite male midget ice hockey players during small-sided games. Nine players (aged 15.89 ± 0.33 years) participated in the study. Maximal progressive treadmill testing in the laboratory measured the relationship of oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) to heart rate before on-ice assessments of heart rate during six different small-sided games: 1v1, 2v2, 2v2 with support player, 3v3 with support player, 3v3 with transitions, and 4v4 with two support players. Heart rate was recorded continuously in each game. 3v3 T small-sided game was the most intense for all four intensity markers. All six small-sided games reached 89% HRmax or more with heart rate peaks in active effort repetition. These findings demonstrate that such small-sided games are considered as high intensity games and are an effective training method for ice hockey players.
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Duarte, R., D. Araujo, V. Gazimba, O. Fernandes, H. Folgado, J. Marmeleira, and K. Davids. "The Ecological Dynamics of 1v1 Sub-Phases in Association Football~!2009-07-05~!2009-11-01~!2010-04-09~!" Open Sports Sciences Journal 3, no. 1 (May 20, 2010): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01003010016.
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Kinoshita, Yusuke, and Nobutada Ohno. "Energetics of Slip Deformation in Beta-Sn: A First-Principles Study." Key Engineering Materials 626 (August 2014): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.626.46.
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The generalized stacking fault (GSF) energy surfaces of (110), (101), (121), (001), and(100) planes in -Sn are analyzed using first-principles density functional theory calculations. Fromthe minimum energy paths (MEPs) on the GSF energy surfaces analyzed, energetically preferableslip paths of 13 nonequivalent slip systems in -Sn are investigated. It is found that the MEP of(110)[111]/2, (101)[010], (101)[111]/2, (121)[101], and (121)[111]/2 deviates from the straight linepath and takes a curve line path. The results indicate that perfect dislocations on these five slip systemsdissociate into partial dislocations as in cubic and hexagonal crystals.
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Thomas, Gary S., Richard W. Obermayer, William B. Raspotnik, and Wayne L. Waag. "Modeling Pilot Expertise in Air Combat." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 36, no. 17 (October 1992): 1331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118192786749379.
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The purpose of this effort was to model expert pilot performance and decision making in one-versus-one (1v1) air-to-air combat. Several knowledge-elicitation techniques were used to extract air combat expertise from a former fighter pilot, who served as the subject-matter-expert (SME). Unstructured and then structured interviews were used to elicit the goals and sub-goals of air-to-air combat, plus some of the pilot behaviors necessary to accomplish the goals. The SME also flew a number of combat sorties against another former fighter pilot in the Simulator for Air-to-Air Combat (SAAC) to demonstrate pilot performance required to accomplish the goals of air combat. Based on the SME's verbal protocols, a group of air combat rules were developed. A rule-based production system was then designed to incorporate the resulting knowledge base. The production system was also designed to be capable of analyzing an existing data base of air combat engagements. Expert system development required additional input from the SME to identify specific values of flight parameters required by the production system. Upon completion and SME verification of the expert model, it will be validated by comparing its performance to that of our SME in simulated air-to-air combat. If the model can successfully describe expert pilot performance, the model will be used to provide diagnostic performance feedback in conjunction with SAAC training.
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Acín, Cristina, Inmaculada Martín-Burriel, Wilfred Goldmann, Jaber Lyahyai, Marta Monzón, Rosa Bolea, Allister Smith, Clementina Rodellar, Juan José Badiola, and Pilar Zaragoza. "Prion protein gene polymorphisms in healthy and scrapie-affected Spanish sheep." Journal of General Virology 85, no. 7 (July 1, 2004): 2103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80047-0.
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The Rasa Aragonesa sheep is the second most important Spanish breed after the Merino breed. Reported here is the prion protein (PrP) haplotype frequency distribution for scrapie-related codons (136, 154 and 171) and a sequencing study of the complete PrP gene open reading frame for this breed and six other closely related breeds. The study includes four scrapie-affected sheep flocks belonging to Rasa Aragonesa and Rasa Navarra breeds. Thirty-eight scrapie-affected sheep, 502 healthy sheep from scrapie-affected flocks and 905 sheep from a breed survey were genotyped. The most frequent PrP haplotype in both scrapie and healthy flocks was ARQ, which was found at significantly higher frequency in scrapie-affected sheep. The susceptibility-associated VRQ haplotype was found at low frequencies in six out of eight breeds, but was not present in the 38 scrapie-affected sheep. The resistance-associated ARR haplotype was found in all breeds except one (Ojinegra) at frequencies ⩾14 %. Fourteen amino acid polymorphisms were detected in these Spanish sheep, including the known amino acid substitutions at codons 112, 136, 141, 143, 154, 171 and 176, and new polymorphisms at codons 101 (Q→R), 151 (R→G), 151 (R→H), 172 (Y→D) and 175 (Q→E). Most of the novel polymorphic codons show frequencies lower than 5 %.
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Simone, Laura, Mark D. Lyttle, Damian Roland, Derek Stephens, and Suzanne Schuh. "Canadian and UK/Ireland practice patterns in lumbar puncture performance in febrile neonates with bronchiolitis." Emergency Medicine Journal 36, no. 3 (February 6, 2019): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2018-208000.
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BackgroundSerious bacterial infections in young infants with bronchiolitis are rare. Febrile infants <1 month old with bronchiolitis often receive a lumbar puncture (LP), despite limited data for this practice and lack of clinical practice guidelines for this population. The primary objective was to investigate practice patterns in performance of LPs in the ED management of febrile infants aged ≤30 days with bronchiolitis.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of two national paediatric emergency research networks (PediatricEmergency Research Canada (PERC) and the PediatricEmergency Research UK/Ireland (PERUKI)) was conducted January to November 2017 using a modified Dillman technique. The survey was preceded by a clinical vignette describing a well appearing, 21-day-old infant with low-grade fever, respiratory findings typical of bronchiolitis and no perinatal serious bacterial infection (SBI) risk features.ResultsThe response rate from PERC was 169/250 (68%) and 172/201 (86%) from PERUKI. Nine physicians in training were excluded, leaving 332 eligible participants. Although most physicians believe that neonates with bronchiolitis rarely have meningitis (PERC 141/161 (87.6%); PERUKI 154/171 (90%)) and feel comfortable diagnosing bronchiolitis in this group (PERC 136/161 (84.5%); PERUKI 143/171 (83.6%)), there was significant variation in the proportion who would be likely/very likely to perform an LP (PERC 100/161 (62.1%); PERUKI 15/171 (8.8%)) (p<0.0001). Practice in Canada, <10 years in practice and lack of comfort with diagnosing bronchiolitis represent multivariable predictors of LP; OR 23.7 (95% CI 11.7 to 47.9), 2.3 (95% CI 1.2 to 4.2) and 2.5 (95% CI 1.1 to 5.0), respectively. Rapid knowledge of respiratory syncytial virus positivity would decrease LP probability from 35.4% to 20.2%.ConclusionEstimated probability of performing LPs and other interventions in otherwise healthy febrile neonates with bronchiolitis is highly variable between emergency physicians in Canada and the UK/Ireland. Network, <10 years in ED practice and comfort level with diagnosing bronchiolitis in newborns constitute independent predictors of the likelihood of LP performance.
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Minnam Reddy, Vasudeva Reddy, Sreedevi Gedi, Rutuja U. Amate, K. T. Ramakrishna Reddy, Woo Kyoung Kim, and Chinho Park. "Effect of Sulfurization Time on the Physical Properties of Tin (II) Monosulfide Thin Films." Crystals 11, no. 7 (July 9, 2021): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070802.
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Tin (II) monosulfide (SnS) films were prepared via sulfurization using sputtered Sn precursors of the tin metal layers in the presence of elemental sulfur vapor as a function of sulfurization time (ts) in the range of 30–180 min while keeping other parameters constant. The properties of these sulfurized layers were examined through suitable characterization techniques. The diffraction patterns exhibited various planes with the orientations (110), (120), (021), (101), (111), (211), (131), (210), (141), (002), (112), (122), and (042) corresponding to orthorhombic SnS at ts ≤ 90 min. However, for ts ≥ 120 min, the diffraction patterns showed a single (111) plane and enhanced the intensity of the peak with the increase of ts up to 150 min; with further increase of time, the peak intensity was found to decrease. The Raman spectra of films sulfurized at various ts showed modes at 95, 162, 189, 219, and 284 cm−1 for times were lower than 120 min and 95, 189, and 219 cm−1 for ts ≥ 120 min, related to SnS. In the transmittance spectra of the sulfurized films, it is clear that the film grown at ts = 30 min had higher transmittance, and with the increase of ts to 120 min, transmittance was decreased. For further extension of ts to 150 min, a sharp falling of the absorption edge was observed.
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Maherawati, Maherawati, Asep Nurhikmat, Agus Santoso, Tri Rahayuni, and Lukcy Hartanti. "Pengaruh Proses Termal terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Pacri Nanas Kaleng." Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan 11, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17728/jatp.11979.
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Pacri nanas merupakan makanan tradisional Kalimantan Barat dari buah nanas yang dimasak dengan beragam bumbu dengan kuah santan. Pacri nanas dapat dikembangkan dengan perbaikan proses pengemasan menggunakan kaleng agar dapat dikonsumsi dalam waktu lebih lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses termal selama pengalengan terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia pacri nanas kaleng. Pengalengan pacri nanas menggunakan kaleng jenis two pieces diameter 74,92 mm dan tinggi 58,22 mm. Proses sterilisasi dilakukan pada variasi suhu 111, 121, dan 131°C dengan waktu 10, 15, dan 20 menit. Parameter yang diamati adalah nilai kecukupan panas, warna, viskositas, tekstur nanas, dan pH. Riwayat suhu menunjukkan bahwa pada suhu sterilisasi 111, 121, dan 131°C, menunjukkan bahwa suhu tertinggi dapat dicapai berturut-turut adalah 106,5, 116,3, dan 126,8°C pada menit ke-32, 44, dan 50. Proses sterilisasi yang terbaik diperoleh pada suhu 121°C selama 15 menit, yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai kecukupan panas (F0) sebesar 3,881 menit. Perbedaan suhu dan waktu sterilisasi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai kecerahan, intensitas warna merah dan pH, namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan warna kuning dan viskositas pacri nanas kaleng. Penurunan intensitas warna kuning menyebabkan warna pacri nanas setelah sterilsasi menjadi lebih gelap. Tekstur pacri nanas tidak dipengaruhi oleh suhu sterilisasi, namun dipengaruhi oleh waktu sterilisasi. Nilai pH pada pacri nanas kaleng tidak dipengaruhi oleh suhu dan waktu sterilisasi. Kesimpulannya, analisis fisikokimia pacri nanas telah dapat dilakukan dengan hasil yang spesifik berdasarkan pada variasi suhu dan lama pemanasan. Penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk menjadi informasi bagi pengembangan makanan tradisional di Kalimantan Barat.Effect of Thermal Processing in Physicochemical Characteristic of Canned “Pacri Nanas”AbstractPacri nanas is a traditional West Kalimantan food from pineapples cooked with various spices with coconut milk sauce. Pacri nanas can be developed by improving the packaging process using cans. This study aims to determine the effect of the thermal process during canning on the physicochemical characteristics of canned pacri nanas. The canning process used two pieces cans with a diameter of 74.92 mm and a height of 58.22 mm. The sterilization process was carried out at 111, 121, and 131°C for 10, 15, and 20 minutes. Heated adequacy value, color, viscosity, pineapple texture, and pH were then analyzed. The temperature history showed that the highest temperatures could be achieved at 106.5°C, 116.3°C, and 126.8°C at the minute to -32, 44, and 50 after sterilization of 111, 121, and 131°C, respectively. The best sterilization was obtained at 121°C for 15 minutes, that was indicated by the heat adequacy value (F0) of 3.881 minutes. The difference in temperature and sterilization time did not significantly affect the brightness, red intensity, and pH values but significantly increased the yellow intensity and viscosity of canned pacri nanas. The texture of the pacri nanas is not affected by the sterilization temperature but by the sterilization time. The pH value of pacri nanas was not affected by the temperature and time of sterilization. As conclusion, sterilization temperature and duration relied on the specific changes in pacri nanas. This information may provide the beneficial information to industry to develop traditional foods in West Kalimantan.
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Uno, Yasuhiro, Shotaro Uehara, Norie Murayama, Makiko Shimizu, and Hiroshi Yamazaki. "Expression of functional sulfotransferases (SULT) 1A1, 1A3, 1B1, 1C2, 1E1, and 2A1 in common marmosets." Biochemical Pharmacology 180 (October 2020): 114189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114189.
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Van Aken, D. C., D. P. Mason, S. G. Malhotra, and J. G. Webber. "An electron microscopy study of the precipitation of rhenium in the B2 nickel aluminide." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 10 (October 1993): 2524–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.2524.
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Precipitation of rhenium in β–NiAl was studied by analytical and high resolution electron microscopy. Extended solid solutions were created by solidification processing, and the precipitation and hardening behavior were studied. Evidence suggests that rhenium is initially precipitated as disks parallel to {100} of β-NiAl. Subsequent growth produces either a rod morphology or a pair of twin-related rods that form the shape of a butterfly. The twin plane of the butterfly is {1011} and this plane is nearly parallel to {110} of β–NiAl. A twinning transformation given by K1 = {1011}, K2 = {1013}, η1 = 〈1012 〉, and η2 = 〈3032〉 was determined for the butterfly-shaped particles. All of the precipitates exhibited an orientation relationship consisting of parallel close-packed planes and directions, i.e., (101//(0001) and [111]//[1210]. Performing the twinning transformation on a rhenium precipitate produces a variant rather than a new orientation relationship. After elevated temperature aging, a rod morphology was observed with the rod axes aligned parallel with either 〈121〉 or 〈131〉 of the β–NiAl matrix. A total of 24 different variants are possible based upon the observed orientation relationship and the two observed growth directions.
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Martínez-Santos, Verónica I., Manuel Hernández Catalán, Luis Octavio Ojeda Salazar, Octavio Andrei Orozco Gómez, Sandra Ines Lorenzo, Rayver Santos Gómez, Norma S. Romero-Castro, Roxana Reyes Ríos, Dinorah Nashely Martinez Carrillo, and Gloria Fernández-Tilapa. "Helicobacter pylori prevalence in healthy Mexican children: comparison between two non-invasive methods." PeerJ 9 (June 28, 2021): e11546. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11546.
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Background Helicobacter pylori detection in asymptomatic children with suspected infection or with symptoms that suggest gastric pathology is problematic, since most of the methods depend on the endoscopic study, an invasive and expensive method. Non-invasive methods can be a feasible alternative but must be validated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concordance between H. pylori DNA detection in saliva and dental plaque by PCR, with antigen detection in stool by immunochromatography, among asymptomatic children in the state of Guerrero, Mexico. Methods Dental plaque, saliva, and stool samples were obtained from 171 children between 6 and 12 years old. H. pylori detection in saliva and dental plaque was performed by PCR using specific primers for the 16S rRNA gene, while the detection in stool samples was performed by immunochromatography using the CerTest kit. Results We found an overall H. pylori prevalence of 59.6% (102/171). Of the H. pylori positive children 18% (20/111) were positive in saliva samples, 28.1% (34/121) in dental plaque samples, and 50.4% (71/141) in stool samples. A higher prevalence was found in girls (64.7%, p = 0.002). Although some of the children declared some dyspeptic symptoms, these were no related to H. pylori. In conclusion, we found a high prevalence of H. pylori in asymptomatic children and the highest proportion was detected by stool antigen test, which was the most feasible method to detect H. pylori infection.
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Paulus, Dalva, Ivan C. Zorzzi, Fabiana Rankrape, Fabiana M. Paula, and Cláudia A. Moura. "Harvest seasons and pruning management in pepper: production and pungency of the fruits." Horticultura Brasileira 35, no. 3 (September 2017): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-053620170320.
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ABSTRACT Changes in plant architecture, such as apical pruning and harvesting at the right time, are management practices to obtain not only greater fruit production, but mainly quality and pungent fruits, preferred by the consumer market. We evaluated the effect of management of pruning and harvest seasons on growth, production and pungency of fruits conducted in the field. Nine seasons of harvest were studied {90, 101, 116, 131, 146, 161, 176, 191, 206 and 221 days after transplanting (DAT)} and two management systems (pruning and no pruning). The treatments were arranged in a factorial design (9x2) with split plot in a randomized block design with three replications. The agronomic traits analyzed were: height, chlorophyll, leaf area, soluble solids, number of fruits and pepper yield. The content of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin was determined using fruits harvested in two seasons (146 and 161 DAT) and in management systems (pruning and no pruning), in a factorial scheme (2x2), in a randomized complete block design with five replications. Growth and production traits did not differ significantly for pruning and no pruning managements, with an average of 71.8 fruits/plant and productivity of 429.7 g/plant. The agronomic traits were adjusted to the quadratic model. The maximum yield (529.09 g/plant) and the maximum number of fruits per plant (95.34) were estimated at 164.83 and 163.21 DAT, respectively. The use of pruning resulted in fruits with a higher content of capsaicin (363.89 mg/kg) and dihydrocapsaicin (198.27 mg/kg) at 161 DAT. Pruning management results in more pungent and better quality fruits for industry, and the maximum production of BRS Mari pepper was estimated at 164.83 DAT, important information for pepper producers, in order to schedule the harvests.
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Vrba, Jiří, Barbora Papoušková, Pavel Kosina, Kateřina Lněničková, Kateřina Valentová, and Jitka Ulrichová. "Identification of Human Sulfotransferases Active towards Silymarin Flavonolignans and Taxifolin." Metabolites 10, no. 8 (August 12, 2020): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10080329.
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Natural phenolic compounds are known to be metabolized by phase II metabolic reactions. In this study, we examined the in vitro sulfation of the main constituents of silymarin, an herbal remedy produced from the fruits of the milk thistle. The study focused on major flavonolignan constituents, including silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silychristin, and silydianin, as well as the flavonoid taxifolin. Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS), individual flavonolignans and taxifolin were found to be sulfated by human liver and human intestinal cytosols. Moreover, experiments with recombinant enzymes revealed that human sulfotransferases (SULTs) 1A1*1, 1A1*2, 1A2, 1A3, 1B1, 1C4, and 1E1 catalyzed the sulfation of all of the tested compounds, with the exception of silydianin, which was not sulfated by SULT1B1 and SULT1C4. The sulfation products detected were monosulfates, of which some of the major ones were identified as silybin A 20-O-sulfate, silybin B 20-O-sulfate, and isosilybin A 20-O-sulfate. Further, we also observed the sulfation of the tested compounds when they were tested in the silymarin mixture. Sulfates of flavonolignans and of taxifolin were produced by incubating silymarin with all of the above SULT enzymes, with human liver and intestinal cytosols, and also with human hepatocytes, even though the spectrum and amount of the sulfates varied among the metabolic models. Considering our results and the expression patterns of human sulfotransferases in metabolic tissues, we conclude that flavonolignans and taxifolin can potentially undergo both intestinal and hepatic sulfation, and that SULTs 1A1, 1A3, 1B1, and 1E1 could be involved in the biotransformation of the constituents of silymarin.
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Stevens, David B., Kendall Chen, Robert S. Seitz, Eli E. Sercarz, and Jeff M. Bronstein. "Oligodendrocyte-Specific Protein Peptides Induce Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in SJL/J Mice." Journal of Immunology 162, no. 12 (June 15, 1999): 7501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.162.12.7501.
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Abstract Oligodendrocyte-specific protein (OSP) is a recently isolated and cloned, 207-aa, hydrophobic, four-transmembrane protein found in CNS myelin. It represents ∼7% of total myelin protein. The OSP cDNA sequence has no significant homology with previously reported genes, but the predicted protein structure suggests that OSP is a CNS homologue of peripheral myelin protein-22. We previously reported the presence of anti-OSP Abs in the cerebrospinal fluid of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, but not control patient groups. In this study, we tested the ability of a panel of 20-mer peptides with 10-aa overlaps, representing the sequence of murine OSP, to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for MS. SJL mice challenged with murine OSP peptides 52–71, 82–101, 102–121, 142–161, 182–201, and 192–207 exhibited clinical EAE. OSP:52–71 elicited severe relapsing-remitting EAE in some individuals. All other encephalitogenic peptides elicited, at most, a loss of tail tonicity from which the mice most often completely recovered. Mononuclear cell infiltrates and focal demyelination characteristic of EAE were evident. T cell proliferative responses were seen with all encephalitogenic peptides except 142–161 and 182–201. OSP peptides 72–91 and 132–151 did not cause clinical EAE, but did elicit robust proliferative responses. B10.PL and PL/J mice challenged with the same OSP peptide doses as SJL mice did not exhibit clinical EAE. These results in the SJL EAE model, together with the results from MS patient clinical samples, make OSP a promising candidate for autoantigenic involvement in MS.
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Arobelidze, Salome, Abdo S. Haddad, Timothy Peter Spiro, and Hamed Daw. "Male breast cancer: Risk factors, treatment, and survival." Journal of Clinical Oncology 33, no. 28_suppl (October 1, 2015): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2015.33.28_suppl.110.
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110 Background: We conducted a retrospective study to investigate male breast cancer risk factors, treatment and survival. Methods: All patients with male breast cancer diagnosed between 1985 and 2014 at the Cleveland Clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Results: 131 patients were enrolled in the study. The median age at diagnosis was 66. Most of the tumors were invasive ductal carcinomas (85%, 111/131) and most were intermediate grade (47%, 41/87). Most patients had localized disease – stage 0-1 (45%, 48/107); stage 2 (35%, 37/107). Among the patients with data, 93% (94/101) were ER+, 73% (74/101) were PR+, 12% (10/80) were HER2 positive, and 6% were triple negative. Estimated median survival was 20.2 years (95% C.I. 19.0-29.4), and estimated 2 and 5-year survival were 96% + 2% and 87% + 3%. Grade was associated with outcome (p=.07). Conclusions: In our study only age at diagnosis was associated with overall survival. Further research is required to understand the treatment outcomes of this rare cancer. [Table: see text]
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Lins, Paulo Manoel Pontes, João Tomé de Farias Neto, and Antônio Agostinho Müller. "Avaliaçao de híbridos de coqueiro (Cocos nucifera L.) para produção de frutos e de albúmen sólido fresco." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 25, no. 3 (December 2003): 468–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452003000300027.
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Avaliou-se o desempenho de seis híbridos de coqueiro para produção de frutos e de albúmen sólido fresco no Município de Moju, PA. Os híbridos avaliados foram: PB 121 (Anão-amarelo da Malásia x Gigante Oeste Africano); PB 111 (Anão-vermelho de Camarões x Gigante Oeste Africano); PB 141 (Anão-verde do Brasil x Gigante Oeste Africano); PB 123 (Anão-amarelo da Malásia x Gigante de Renel); PB 132 (Anão-vermelho da Malásia x Gigante da Polinésia) e PB 113 (Anão-vermelho de Camarões x Gigante de Renel), em delineamento em blocos casualizados com seis repetições. Verificou-se, pela análise de variância, diferença significativa para tratamentos, resultante da heterogeneidade do material genético estudado. As fontes de variação ano e a interação anos x tratamentos foram também altamente significativas, evidenciando que o comportamento dos híbridos foi induzido por aquelas fontes de variação. Considerando o desempenho dos híbridos no período de 9 anos de avaliação para produção de frutos e de albúmen fresco, pode-se recomendar para plantio os híbridos PB 111, PB 113, PB 141 nas condições do Estado do Pará, com vistas a atender às indústrias (albúmen sólido), quanto à venda de cocos "in natura" para consumo de água.
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Maul, Michael. ""welche ieder Zeit aus den 8 besten Subjectis bestehen muß"." Bach-Jahrbuch 99 (October 22, 2018): 11–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/bjb.v20132978.
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Der Artikel schließt an die Debatte an, die sich seit den 80er Jahren um die Frage der Chorgröße bei Bach und daraus folgenden Konsequenzen für die heutige Aufführungspraxis dreht. Dabei ist das Anliegen weniger eine Parteinahme innerhalb der Diskussion als eine Erweiterung des zeitlichen Kontextes. So werden die Organisationsprinzipien der Thomaner-"Chöre" von der Frühzeit bis ins 19. Jahrhundert hinein ergründet. Dabei werden Kontinuitäten wie Brüche benannt und der Versuch unternommen, bisher unklare Begrifflichkeiten wie "Chorus", "Coetus" oder "Cantorey" schärfer voneinander abzugrenzen. Als Quellen werden das Album Alumnorum Thomanorum für die Zeit 1730-1800 sowie Rechnungshefte und -bücher vom 17. bis ins 19. Jahrhundert berücksichtigt. Aus diesen neu in die Diskussion eingebrachten sowie bereits bekannten Quellen werden Folgerungen zur Systematik, den Organisationsprinzipien und Einnahmequellen sowie personellen und strukturellen Zusammenhängen zwischen den einzelnen Ensembles der Thomasschule gezogen. Der Anhang liefert dazu unter anderem eine Umschrift und Übersetzung der Regeln für die "Concentores" der Thomas-"Cantoreyen" von 1634 und 1723.
Erwähnte Artikel: Bernhard Friedrich Richter: Stadtpfeifer und Alumnen der Thomasschule in Leipzig zu Bachs Zeit. BJ 1907, S. 32-78
Hans-Joachim Schulze: Studenten als Bachs Helfer bei der Leipziger Kirchenmusik. BJ 1984, S. 45-52
Hans-Joachim Schulze: Über den Endzweck der Kirchenmusik in Leipzig nach 1750. BJ 1995, S. 191-193
Michael Maul: Der 200. Jahrestag des Augsburger Religionsfriedens (1755) und die Leipziger Bach-Pflege in der zweiten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts. BJ 2000, S. 101-118
Andreas Glöckner: "... daß ohne Hülffe derer Herren Studiosorum der Herr Cantor keine vollstimmende Music würde bestellen können ..." Bemerkungen zur Leipziger Kirchenmusik vor 1723 und nach 1750. BJ 2001, S. 131-140
Michael Maul, Peter Wollny: Quellenkundliches zu Bach-Aufführungen in Köthen, Ronneburg und Leipzig zwischen 1720 und 1760. BJ 2003, S. 97-141
Hans-Joachim Schulze: Parrott, Andrew: Bachs Chor [...] Stuttgart, Weimar, Kassel 2003. BJ 2003, S. 267-270
Andreas Glöckner: Alumnen und Externe in den Kantoreien der Thomasschule zur Zeit Bachs. BJ 2006, S. 9-36
Hans-Joachim Schulze: Neubacher, Jürgen: Georg Philipp Telemanns Hamburger Kirchenmusik [...] Hildesheim, Zürich, New York 2009. BJ 2009, S. 233-238
Joshua Rifkin: Chorliste und Chorgröße bei Johann Sebastian Bach. Neue Überlegungen zu einem alten Thema. BJ 2012, S. 121-143
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Bessette, Natalee W., and Dan W. Rurak. "Chronic fetal and maternal instrumentation in pregnant sheep: Effect on gestation length and birthweight." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 2 (2010): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09156.
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The objective was to compare gestation length in chronically instrumented (laboratory) pregnant sheep (n = 131) and in the breeding flock (n = 476) that provided the experimental sheep. In the breeding flock, gestation length was normally distributed and varied between 141 and 151 days (mean = 147 ± 0.1 days). In the laboratory sheep, gestation length varied between 128 and 151 days (mean = 142 ± 1 day), and was bimodal, with 35.9% delivering preterm (<141 days). To examine potential factors that contributed to the preterm birth, a severity score was used, which comprised surgery characteristics, number of experiments and maternal or fetal complications. There was a significant inverse linear relationship (P < 0.001) between the total severity score and gestation length. The median values for the surgical (15 v. 12), overall complication (6 v. 2), maternal complication (2 v. 0) and fetal complication (2 v. 2) components were significantly greater in the preterm compared with the term groups. There was no relationship between fetal number and gestation length in either group. It is concluded that in chronic pregnant sheep preparations, there is a significant incidence of preterm birth and that this is associated with the severity of the surgical intervention and with several maternal and fetal complications.
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Magaña, Alvaro. "Límites constitucionales." ECA: Estudios Centroamericanos 53, no. 593 (March 31, 1998): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.51378/eca.v53i593.6408.
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En este artículo, el autor expresa que en los últimos años, los valores y principios de la Constitución son ignorados, de allí la importancia de un Estado de Derecho que vigile el cumplimiento de los mandatos constitucionales. Desde 1950, la Constitución estableció objetivos para el bienestar general, tal como lo estipula el artículo 101 cuando se refiere a los "principios de justicia social". Asimismo analiza-desde el punto de vista jurídico- los distintos objetivos del acuerdo No 7, que pretende reformar el artículo 111 constitucional para que el Banco Central no conceda financiamiento al Estado.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 53, No. 593, 1998: 191-204.
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Miller, M. E., J. M. Cosgriff, and R. H. Schwartz. "Anion-exchange chromatography to determine the concentration of chloride in sweat for diagnosis of cystic fibrosis." Clinical Chemistry 31, no. 10 (October 1, 1985): 1715–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.10.1715.
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Abstract For the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, we use the "Macroduct Sweat Collection System" (Wescor) to sample sweat, and anion-exchange chromatography to determine its chloride content. The chromatographic system consists of a Whatman Partisil SAX 10-microns column, an isocratic phosphate-buffered mobile phase, and ultraviolet detection at 200 nm. The sweat chloride concentrations of 10 individuals with cystic fibrosis ranged from 101 to 131 mmol/L (mean 111, SD 9 mmol/L). For 11 controls the values ranged from 13 to 54 mmol/L (mean 28, SD 11 mmol/L). We conclude that the procedure is reliable for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.
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Consogno, Giuseppe, Simona Manici, Valeria Facchinetti, Angela Bachi, Juergen Hammer, Bianca M. Conti-Fine, Claudio Rugarli, Catia Traversari, and Maria Pia Protti. "Identification of immunodominant regions among promiscuous HLA-DR–restricted CD4+ T-cell epitopes on the tumor antigen MAGE-3." Blood 101, no. 3 (February 1, 2003): 1038–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-03-0933.
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Abstract The molecular characterization of the CD4+ T-cell epitope repertoire on human tumor antigens would contribute to both clinical investigation and cancer immunotherapy. In particular, the identification of promiscuous epitopes would be beneficial to a large number of patients with neoplastic diseases regardless of their HLA-DR type. MAGE-3 is a tumor-specific antigen widely expressed in solid and hematologic malignancies; therefore, is an excellent candidate antigen. We used a major histocompatability complex (MHC) class II epitope prediction algorithm, the TEPITOPE software, to predict 11 sequence segments of MAGE-3 that could form promiscuous CD4+ T-cell epitopes. In binding assays, the synthetic peptides corresponding to the 11 predicted sequences bound at least 3 different HLA-DR alleles. Nine of the 11 peptides induced proliferation of CD4+ T cells from both healthy subjects and melanoma patients. Four immunodominant regions (residues 111-125, 146-160, 191-205, and 281-295), containing naturally processed epitopes, were recognized by most of the donors, in association with 3 to 4 different HLA-DR alleles, thus covering up to 94% of the alleles expressed in whites. On the contrary, the other promiscuous regions (residues 161-175 and 171-185) contained epitopes not naturally processed in vitro. The immunodominant epitopes identified will be useful in the design of peptide-based cancer vaccines and in the study of the functional state of tumor-specific CD4+ T cells in patients bearing tumors expressing MAGE-3.
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Levy, Ronald J., Jason A. Bond, Eric P. Webster, James L. Griffin, Wei P. Zhang, and Steven D. Linscombe. "Imidazolinone-Tolerant Rice Response to Imazethapyr Application." Weed Technology 20, no. 2 (June 2006): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-05-118r.1.
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Greenhouse research was conducted to evaluate shoot and root growth response of imidazolinone-tolerant (IT) rice cultivars to imazethapyr applied postemergence at various rates and application timings. Imazethapyr was applied at 70, 140, and 280 g ai/ha to IT cultivars ‘CL 121’ and ‘CL 161’ in the one- to two-leaf and three- to four-leaf growth stages. Imazethapyr applied to one- to two-leaf or three- to four-leaf rice at 70, 140, and 280 g/ha was more injurious to CL 121 than to CL 161. At 3 wk after treatment (WAT), CL 121 was injured 23 to 38% regardless of application timing. In contrast, CL 161 was injured no more than 11% at 3 WAT. Shoot:root ratio for CL 161 was not affected by imazethapyr application. For CL 121, shoot:root ratio was lower following imazethapyr at 280 g/ha than at 70 or 140 g/ha. Based on shoot fresh weight following imazethapyr at 70 g/ha, CL 161 was 1.8 times more tolerant than CL 121 at 2 WAT and 1.3 times more tolerant at 3 WAT. The IT rice cultivar CL 161 is inherently more tolerant to imazethapyr than is CL 121 based on visual injury and shoot and root growth.
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Peters, Rinne M., Bas L. E. F. Ten Have, Kyrill Rykov, Liza Van Steenbergen, Hein Putter, Marijn Rutgers, Stan Vos, et al. "The learning curve of the direct anterior approach is 100 cases: an analysis based on 15,875 total hip arthroplasties in the Dutch Arthroplasty Register." Acta Orthopaedica 93 (September 27, 2022): 775–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/17453674.2022.4802.
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Background and purpose: In the last decade, the direct anterior approach (DAA) for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has become more popular in the Netherlands. Therefore, we investigated the learning curve and survival rate of the DAA in primary THA, using data from the Dutch Arthroplasty Register (LROI).Patients and methods: We identified all patients who received a primary THA using the DAA in several high-volume centers in the Netherlands between 2007 and 2019 (n = 15,903). Procedures were ordered per surgeon, using date of operation. Using the procedure number, operations were divided into 6 groups based on the number of previous procedures per surgeon (first 25, 26–50, 51–100, 101–150, 151–200, > 200). Data from different surgeons in different hospitals was pooled together. Revision rates were calculated using a multilevel time-to-event analysis.Results: Patients operated on in group 1–25 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.6; 95% CI 1.1–2.4) and 26–50 (HR 1.6; CI 1.1–2.5) had a higher risk for revision compared with patients operated on in group > 200 THAs. Between 50 and 100 procedures the revision risk was increased (HR 1.3; CI 0.9–1.9), albeit not statistically significant. From 100 procedures onwards the HR for revision was respectively 1.0 (CI 0.6–1.6) and 0.8 (CI 0.5–1.4) for patients in operation groups 101–150 and 151–200. Main reasons for revision were loosening of the stem (29%), periprosthetic infection (19%), and dislocation (16%).Interpretation: We found a 64% increased risk of revision for patients undergoing THA using the DAA for the first 50 cases per surgeon. Between 50 and 100 cases, this risk was 30% increased, but not statistically significant. From 100 cases onwards, a steady state had been reached in revision rate. The learning curve for DAA therefore is around 100 cases.
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Cao, Tinghua, Isabelle Desombere, Peter Vanlandschoot, Matti Sällberg, and Geert Leroux-Roels. "Characterization of HLA DR13-restricted CD4+ T cell epitopes of hepatitis B core antigen associated with self-limited, acute hepatitis B." Journal of General Virology 83, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 3023–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-83-12-3023.
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The HLA DR13 allele has been associated with a self-limited course of hepatitis B virus infection, possibly through the induction of a more vigorous hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) and/or hepatitis B e antigen-specific CD4+ T cell response. HBcAg-specific CD4+ T cell responses were investigated in three HLA DR13-positive subjects with self-limited, acute hepatitis B. HBcAg-specific, short-term T cell lines derived from these three subjects showed a dominant recognition of HBcAg peptides spanning aa 1–20 (P1), 11–30 (P2), 41–60 (P5), 111–131 (P12) and 141–160 (P15). In order to characterize these epitopes in more detail, CD4+ T cell clones and cell lines were generated using HBcAg. Surprisingly, 11 of 12 T cell clones examined recognized P15; one recognized P10 (aa 91–111). Of four T cell lines, two recognized P15 and two recognized P5. By peptide mapping, the minimal epitope of P15 was located to residues 147TVVRRRGRSP156.
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van der Meer, Pim B., Linda Dirven, Martin J. van den Bent, Matthias Preusser, Martin J. B. Taphoorn, Roberta Rudá, and Johan A. F. Koekkoek. "Prescription preferences of antiepileptic drugs in brain tumor patients: An international survey among EANO members." Neuro-Oncology Practice 9, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nop/npab059.
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Abstract Background This study aimed at investigating antiepileptic drug (AED) prescription preferences in patients with brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) among the European neuro-oncology community, the considerations that play a role when initiating AED treatment, the organization of care, and practices with regard to AED withdrawal. Methods A digital survey containing 31 questions about prescription preferences of AEDs was set out among members of the European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO). Results A total of 198 respondents treating patients with BTRE participated of whom 179 completed the entire survey. Levetiracetam was the first choice in patients with BTRE for almost all respondents (90% [162/181]). Levetiracetam was considered the most effective AED in reducing seizure frequency (72% [131/181]) and having the least adverse effects (48% [87/181]). Common alternatives for levetiracetam as equivalent first choice included lacosamide (33% [59/181]), lamotrigine (22% [40/181]), and valproic acid (21% [38/181]). Most crucial factors to choose a specific AED were potential adverse effects (82% [148/181]) and interactions with antitumor treatments (76% [137/181]). In the majority of patients, neuro-oncologists were involved in the treatment of seizures (73% [132/181])). Other relevant findings were that a minority of respondents ever prescribe AEDs in brain tumor patients without epilepsy solely as prophylaxis (29% [53/181]), but a majority routinely considers complete AED withdrawal in BTRE patients who are seizure-free after antitumor treatment (79% [141/179]). Conclusions Our results show that among European professionals treating patients with BTRE levetiracetam is considered the first choice AED, with the presumed highest efficacy and least adverse effects.
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van der Meer, P. B., L. Dirven, M. J. van den Bent, M. Preusser, M. J. B. Taphoorn, R. Ruda, and J. A. F. Koekkoek. "P14.49 Prescription preferences of antiepileptic drugs in brain tumor patients: an international survey." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_2 (September 1, 2021): ii47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab180.162.
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Abstract BACKGROUND This study aimed at investigating antiepileptic drug (AED) prescription preferences in patients with brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) among the European neuro-oncology community, the considerations that play a role when initiating AED treatment, the organization of care, and practices with regard to AED withdrawal. MATERIAL AND METHODS A digital survey containing 31 questions about prescription preferences of AEDs was set out among members of the European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO). RESULTS A total of 198 respondents treating patients with BTRE participated of whom 179 completed the entire survey. Levetiracetam was the first choice in patients with BTRE for almost all respondents (90% [162/181]). Levetiracetam was considered the most effective AED in reducing seizure frequency (72% [131/181]) and having the least adverse effects (48% [87/181]). Common alternatives for levetiracetam as equivalent first choice included lacosamide (33% [59/181]), lamotrigine (22% [40/181]), and valproic acid (21% [38/181]). Most crucial factors to choose a specific AED were potential adverse effects (82% [148/181]) and interactions with other antitumor treatments (76% [137/181]). In the majority of patients neuro-oncologists were involved in the treatment of seizures (73% [132/181])). Other relevant findings were that a minority of respondents ever prescribe AEDs in brain tumor patients without epilepsy solely as prophylaxis (29% [53/181]), but a majority routinely consider complete AED withdrawal in seizure free BTRE patients after antitumor treatment (79% [141/179]). CONCLUSION Our results show that among European professionals treating patients with BTRE levetiracetam is considered the first choice AED, with the presumed highest efficacy and least adverse effects.
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Long, Alex. "Refutation and Relativism in Theaetetus 161-171." Phronesis 49, no. 1 (2004): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852804773617398.
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AbstractIn this paper I discuss the dialogues between 'Protagoras', Theodorus and Socrates in Theaetetus 161-171 and emphasise the importance for this passage of a dilemma which refutation is shown to pose for relativism at 161e-162a. I argue that the two speeches delivered on Protagoras' behalf contain material that is deeply Socratic and suggest that this feature of the speeches should be interpreted as part of Plato's philosophical case against relativism, reflecting the relativist's own inability to defend his theory from attempts to refute it. I then discuss Theodorus' role in the refutation of Protagoras and argue that his voice is needed to get relativism disproved in the self-refutation argument of 171a-c. I conclude with a brief discussion of the image of Protagoras at 171d.
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Hunka, Deborah E., Daniel C. Herman, Kara D. Lormand, Donna M. Jaramillo, and Donald P. Land. "Decomposition of 1,1-Dichloroethene on Pd(111)." Langmuir 21, no. 18 (August 2005): 8333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la050645i.
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Miura, Yasuhiro, and Kentaro Ihara. "Orientation Dependence of Dynamic Recrystallization Behavior of Al Single Crystals." Materials Science Forum 449-452 (March 2004): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.449-452.31.
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An experimental study on the microstructure development and stressstrain behavior during high temperature deformation of aluminum (Al) single crystals was made by using X-ray Laue technique and the electron backscatter pattern (EBSP) technique. The main purpose was to clarify the process of dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The measured stress-strain curves with large stress peaks and the new Laue spots without streaks at around the stress peaks confirmed the occurrence of DRX in Al single crystals with initial compression axis <111>, <011> or <001>. Crystallographic analysis by the Laue technique and EBSP technique show that the DRX grain and the matrix have an <121> axis in common in the <111> crystal, an <101> axsis in the <011> and <001> crystals. For the <111> crystal, the unrecrystallized region near the DRX grain consists of subgrains adjoined each other with <112> tilt boundaries and the size of subgrains becomes smaller and the misfit at subgrain boundaries becomes larger as the DRX grain boundaries are approached. These results suggest that DRX grains are nucleated through the development of subgrains.
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Evdokimenko, S. N. "Search and creation of parental forms of primocane raspberry to improve its assortment." Horticulture and viticulture, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/0235-2591-2020-1-10-16.
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The aim of the work was to identify genetic sources and donors in the transferring of the main economically valuable traits and properties to the hybrid offspring of primocane raspberry. The objects of researches were 30 primocane raspberry varieties of domestic and foreign breeding, 35 selected forms, as well as their offspring from controlled crossings, inbreeding and populations from open pollination with a total amount of more than 3,500 pieces of seedlings. The evaluation of parental forms and hybrid offspring was carried out on the hybrid plot and on the competitive variety testing plot in the period from 2016 to 2019. As a result of researches, it was established that reliable donors of early and compressed crop ripening are varieties Evraziya, Medvezhonok, Pingvin, Podarok Kashinu, Poklon Kazakovu, Snezhet’, as well as the selected forms 1-156-21 (Bryanskaya Yubileinaya open pollination), 1-16-11 (1-182-10 × Evrasiya), 13-118-1 (46-41-20 o.p.), 44-154-2 (Pingvin × Bryanskoe Divo), 5-19-1 (32-151-20 o.p.), 7-42-5 (1-16-11 o.p.). The best combinations of crossings in obtaining hybrids with a high load of stem generative organs were the Zhar-Ptitsa × Bryanskoe Divo, Podarok Kashinu × Atlant, 1-156-21 × 1-16-11, 13-118-1 × Podarok Kashinu, 44-154-2 × Poklon Kazakovu, 1-156-21 x Snezhet’ and populations from open pollination of primocane forms 3-59-30, 3-117-1, 9-77-10, 9-155-1, 29-101-20. In the hybrid offspring of these parents, a small number (from 2.5 to 10 %) of transgressive seedlings are guaranteed to be released, forming from 120 to 200 pieces of fruit, fl owers and buds per shoot. The large-fruited seedlings (average weight 5.5-6.0 g) are cleaved out in the offspring varieties of Atlant, Poklon Kazakovu, Karamel’ka, Podarok Kashinu, Nizhegorodets, Samokhval and selected forms 13-118-1, 4-111-1, 11-165-1, 3-59-30. In the breeding to increase the strength of primocane raspberry fruits, you should actively involve varieties Atlant, Karamel’ka, Zolotaya Osen’, Medvezhonok, Podarok Kashinu, Samorodok, Samokhval, Driscoll Maravilla, Poranna Rosa and a number of selected forms-3-170-1 (Atlant × Snehet’), 3-131-1 (5-46-30 o.p.), 9-163-3 (13-118-1 × 1-16- 11), 6-154-1 (44-154-2 × Poklon Kazakovu), 1-54-1 (7-141 o.p.), 9-113-1 (Atlant × Koldun’ya).
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Greer, J. M., V. K. Kuchroo, R. A. Sobel, and M. B. Lees. "Identification and characterization of a second encephalitogenic determinant of myelin proteolipid protein (residues 178-191) for SJL mice." Journal of Immunology 149, no. 3 (August 1, 1992): 783–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.149.3.783.
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Abstract We previously described a synthetic peptide of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP), peptide 139-151, which induces experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in SJL/J (H-2s) mice. We have now identified an additional determinant, PLP residues 178-191, that is also a potent encephalitogen in this strain. When PLP peptide 178-191 was compared with peptide 139-151 on an equimolar basis, the day of onset of disease induced by PLP 178-191 was earlier, but the incidence, severity, and histologic features were indistinguishable. Lymph node cells from animals immunized with the whole PLP molecule responded to both PLP 178-191 and 139-151, suggesting immunologic codominance of the two epitopes. PLP 178-191 elicited stronger proliferative responses and this may relate to the earlier onset of disease induced with this peptide. Two CD4+, peptide-specific, I-A(s)-restricted T cell lines, selected by stimulation of lymph node cells with either PLP 178-191 or 139-151, were each encephalitogenic in naive syngeneic mice. The presence of multiple encephalitogenic codominant PLP epitopes within a single mouse strain emphasizes the complexity of the immune response to PLP and its potential as a target Ag in autoimmune demyelinating diseases.
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Hanel, Ricardo A., David F. Kallmes, Demetrius Klee Lopes, Peter Kim Nelson, Adnan Siddiqui, Pascal Jabbour, Vitor M. Pereira, et al. "Prospective study on embolization of intracranial aneurysms with the pipeline device: the PREMIER study 1 year results." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 12, no. 1 (July 15, 2019): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2019-015091.
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BackgroundPreliminary clinical studies on the safety and efficacy of the pipeline embolization device (PED) for the treatment of small/medium aneurysms have demonstrated high occlusion rates with low complications.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the PED for treatment of wide necked small and medium intracranial aneurysms.MethodsPREMIER is a prospective, multicenter, single arm trial. Patients were treated with the PED for unruptured wide necked aneurysms, measuring ≤12 mm along the internal carotid artery or vertebral artery, between July 2014 and November 2015. At 1 year post-procedure, the primary effectiveness endpoint was complete occlusion (Raymond grade 1) without major parent vessel stenosis (≤50%) or retreatment, and the primary safety endpoint was major stroke in the territory supplied by the treated artery or neurologic death.ResultsA total of 141 patients were treated with PEDs (mean age 54.6±11.3 years, 87.9% (124/141) women). Mean aneurysm size was 5.0±1.92 mm, and 84.4% (119/141) measured <7 mm. PED placement was successful in 99.3% (140/141) of patients. Mean number of PEDs implanted per patient was 1.1±0.26; a single PED was used in 92.9% (131/141) of patients. At 1 year, 97.9% (138/141) of patients underwent follow-up angiography with 76.8% (106/138) of patients having met the study’s primary effectiveness endpoint. The combined major morbidity and mortality rate was 2.1% (3/140).ConclusionsTreatment of wide necked small/medium aneurysms with the PED results in high rates of complete occlusion without significant parent vessel stenosis and low rates of permanent neurologic complications.Trial registrationNCT02186561.
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KÜP, Ferhat. "COMPARISON OF PLOUGHSHARE BOLTS HARDNESS AND COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION PROPERTIES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 5 (May 31, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i5.2019.817.
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Parts working in soil are exposed to effects of different abrasive particules in soil. Hardness of the particules that is mostly higher than tools’ causes the tool to be worn or broken. The tools are made in detachable form in order to prevent to be broken. The form is mostly made with bolts and nuts. One of agricultural tools working in soil, Ploughshare is joined to plough beam with bolts. The galvanised bolts are manufactured in form of countersunk head and DIN 604 standard. In our study, hardness (HB) and friction coefficient (µ) of six different plough bolts are examined. The average values of friction coefficient are determined as 0.20, 0.24, 0.16, 0.12, 0.15, 0.18 and Hardness’ 121, 137, 105, 100, 101, 111 respectively.
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Japoshvili, G. O., and J. S. Noyes. "Checklist and new data on Encyrtidae of Transcaucasia and Turkey (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)." Zoosystematica Rossica 14, no. 1 (October 18, 2005): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2005.14.1.135.
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Distributional and host records are summarised for 307 species, belonging to 101 genera that are recorded from Transcaucasia and Turkey. Of these, 160 species are recorded from Georgia, 171 from Armenia, 145 from Azerbaijan and 111 from Turkey; 21 species are recorded for the first time from Georgia, 34 from Turkey and 3 from Azerbaijan; one species from Georgia (Discodes valentinae sp. n.) is described as new; Ericydnus aeneus Nikol’skaya is restored as a distinct species (not a synonym of E. robustior Mercet); four species are treated as junior synonyms (Callipteroma testacea Motschulsky = C. baglanensis Myartseva, Microterys bellae Trjapitzin = M. eulecanii Pilipjuk & Sugonjaev, Psyllaephagus elaeagni Trjapitzin = P. bachardenicus Myartseva = P. rubriscutellatus Myartseva); other possible synonyms are also discussed and 17 new host records are presented.
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Iovleva, Alina, Mustapha Mustapha, Eric Cober, Sandra S. Richter, Cesar A. Arias, Jesse T. Jacob, Robert Salata, et al. "636. Genome Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) in the United States." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.704.
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Abstract Background CRAb is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections and is associated with high mortality due to the lack of reliable treatment options. We aimed to elucidate the contemporary population structure of CRAb isolates circulating in US hospitals using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Methods A total of 131 CRAb isolates were identified at four tertiary care medical centers located in Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas and North Carolina between 2017 and 2018. The genomes were sequenced with Illumina NextSeq and de novo assembled. Sequence types (STs) were identified using the Pasteur Institute MLST scheme. β-Lactamase genes were identified by ResFinder and manually curated. Results The 131 isolates belonged to 10 different ST types, including 8 known and 2 novel ones. In this collection, 101 isolates (77.1%) belonged to ST2, the dominant drug-resistant clone in the United States and Europe; 20 isolates belonged to ST499, a less common, but also globally distributed clone. Two isolates each belonged to ST46 and ST79, both common in South America. For the chromosomally encoded blaOXA-51-group genes, 11 variants were identified with blaOXA-66, blaOXA-82, and blaOXA-95 being predominant. For the chromosomally encoded blaADC-group genes, 26 variants were identified, with blaADC-161, blaADC-181, and blaADC-30 being the most common. The most frequent acquired carbapenemase gene was blaOXA-23, which was present in 89 isolates (67.9%). Other acquired blaOXA carbapenemase genes were identified much less frequently and included blaOXA-24, blaOXA-72, blaOXA-207, and blaOXA-237. 17 isolates (13.0%) did not contain any known acquired carbapenemase genes despite resistance to carbapenems. Conclusion ST2 is the most prevalent ST type among contemporary CRAb isolates identified in US hospitals, however, new STs are emerging, most notably ST499. Significant diversity was seen among chromosomal blaOXA-51-group carbapenemase, intrinsic blaADC-group cephalosporinase and plasmid-mediated blaOXA-group carbapenemase genes, which likely represented diversification within the STs. Correlations between clinical presentation and outcomes and the genomic features of the infecting isolates are being investigated Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Dantzler, William H. "The use of mammalian cortical kidney slices for the study of tubule secretion: a pioneering step toward understanding organic anion transport." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 290, no. 1 (January 2006): F1—F3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/classicessays.00038.2005.
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This essay examines the historical significance of an APS classic paper that is freely available on line: Cross RJ and Taggart JV. Renal tubular transport: accumulation of p-aminohippurate by rabbit kidney slices. Am J Physiol 161: 181–190, 1950 ( http://ajplegacy.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/161/1/181 ).
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Nakamura, Shuichi, and Hotaka Homma. "Micro-Scale OIM Study on the Recrystallization Process of Cold Rolled α-Fiber Single Crystal." Materials Science Forum 467-470 (October 2004): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.467-470.159.
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Recrystallization of cold rolled {211}<011> single crystal of 3.5%Si-Fe were investigated by electron back-scattered pattern (EBSP) technique in order to clarify the formation of {h,1,1}<1/h, 1, 2> fiber in recrystallization texture of steel with high cold rolling reduction. In the cold rolled sample, there exist shearband like substructures characterized by the orientation fluctuation with single <011> axis whereas their orientations are almost kept to the original orientation {211}<011> which belongs to a-fiber (RD//<110> fiber). In the recovery stage, the orientation fluctuations are enhanced and include fluctuations with another <011> axis. That is the fluctuations in recovery stage are not characterized by rotation relationship with single <011> axis. The recrystallization texture includes {100}<012> and {411}<148> as major orientations in {h,1,1}<1/h, 1, 2> fiber. Furthermore, there exists clear orientation relationship characterized by multiple rotations with <011> axes between the recrystallization orientations and the original one. Actually, orientations characterized by rotational relationships with <211> (=[110]+[101]) axis and <111> (=[110]+[101]+[011]) were observed. These results suggest that recrystallization from a-fiber is occurred as a result of the final enhanced stage of the fluctuations characterized by multiple rotations with <011> axes.