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Boncz, Imre, Andor Sebestyén, Lajos Döbrőssy, et al. "The attendance of the second screening period (2004–2005) of the Hungarian organized breast cancer screening program." Orvosi Hetilap 149, no. 32 (2008): 1491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2008.28248.
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Célkitűzés: Az országos kiterjedésű, szervezett emlőszűrési program 2002 januárjában indult el Magyarországon a 45–65 év közötti nők számára 2 éves szűrési intervallummal. A dolgozat célja a szervezett emlőszűrési program részvételi mutatóinak meghatározása, beleértve a szűrési és diagnosztikus célú képalkotó emlőfelvételek gyakoriságának elemzését. Adatok és módszerek: Az elemzésben szereplő adatok az Országos Egészségbiztosítási Pénztár finanszírozási adatbázisából származnak, és a 2000–2005 közötti 6 évet ölelik fel. A 45–65 éves nők körében meghatározták azok arányát, akik a szervezett szűrést megelőző két évben (2000–2001), illetve a program első két ciklusában (2002–2003, 2004–2005) akár szűrési, akár diagnosztikai célú képalkotó emlővizsgálaton vettek részt. Eredmények: A szűrési célú képalkotó emlőfelvételen részt vettek aránya (átszűrtség) a 2000–2001-es 7,4%-ról a 2002–2003-as, illetve 2004–2005-ös szervezett emlőszűrési ciklusban 34,0, illetve 29,5%-ra emelkedett. A diagnosztikus célú képalkotó emlőfelvételen részt vettek aránya (átvizsgáltság) pedig ugyanezen időszakokban 19,8%-ról 22,1 (2002–2003), illetve 23,2%-ra (2004–2005) emelkedett. Az országos lefedettség (átszűrtség + átvizsgáltság) ennek megfelelően a szervezett szűrés hatására 26,2%-ról (2000–2001) 53,5%-ra (2002–2003), illetve 50,8%-ra (2004–2005) nőtt a vizsgált kétéves ciklusban a 45–65 év közötti nők esetében. Következtetés: A magyar emlőszűrési program kezdeti részvételi arányai 2004–2005-ben kissé csökkentek; az emlőrák miatti halálozás érdemi csökkentéséhez ennek emelése szükséges.
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DE DONNO, A., A. IDOLO, M. QUATTROCCHI, et al. "Surveillance of human influenza A(H3N2) virus from 1999 to 2009 in southern Italy." Epidemiology and Infection 142, no. 5 (2013): 933–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026881300201x.
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SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of influenza virus co-infections in humans and changes in the genetic variability of A(H3N2) virus strains in southern Italy from 1999 to 2009. A partial sequence of the haemagglutinin (HA) gene by human influenza H3N2 strains identified in oropharyngeal swabs from patients with influenza-like illness was analysed by DNA sequencing and a phylogenetic analysis was performed. During the seasons 1999–2000, 2002–2003, 2004–2005 and 2008–2009, the influenza viruses circulating belonged to subtype H3N2. However, A(H1N1) subtype virus and B type were respectively prevalent during the 2000–2001, 2006–2007, 2007–2008 and 2001–2002, 2003–2004, 2005–2006 seasons. The HA sequences appeared to be closely related to the sequence of the influenza A vaccine strain. Only the 2002–2003 season was characterized by co-circulation of two viral lineages: A/New York/55/01(H3N2)-like virus of the previous season and A/Fujian/411/02(H3N2)-like virus, a new H3 variant. In this study, over the decade analysed, no significant change was seen in the sequences of the HA gene of H3 viruses isolated.
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Silva, Aion Angelu Ferraz, and Carlos Henrique Jardim. "MAPEAMENTO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA PLUVIOSIDADE EM UNAÍ, MINAS GERAIS-BRASIL: VARIABILIDADE E DEFINIÇÃO DE ANOS-PADRÃO." Geographia Opportuno Tempore 5, no. 2 (2019): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/got.2019.v5.36602.
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O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar o comportamento da variabilidade têmporo-espacial da pluviosidade na região de Unaí, noroeste do estado de Minas Gerais-Brasil. A metodologia consistiu no uso de dados pluviométricos de 100 estações da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA) e 22 estações meteorológicas (INMET), correspondendo ao recorte temporal entre os anos de 1995/1996 e 2014/2015, empregados na determinação dos anos-padrão pela técnica do desvio padrão e mapeados pelo método dos polígonos de Thiessen. Os resultados possibilitaram identificar a espacialização dos padrões regionais de pluviosidade, caracterizados temporalmente como: Chuvoso (1996/1997, 2003/2004 e 2006/2007); Chuvoso/Tendente a Chuvoso (2010/2011); Habitual/Tendente a Chuvoso (2005/2006); Habitual (2001/2002, 2002/2003, 2008/2009 e 2009/2010); Seco/Tendente a Seco (1995/1996, 1997/1998, 2000/2001, 2007/2008 e 2013/2014); Seco (2014/2015); Misto (1998/1999, 1999/2000, 2004/2005, 2011/2012 e 2012/2013). A interpretação dos padrões regionais (mapas) e locais (estações pluviométricas no transecto) das chuvas proporcionou relacioná-los com os fatores de teleconexões do clima (ENOS/ODP) e extremos de pluviosidade.
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Boncz, Imre, Andor Sebestyén, Istvén Pintér, Istvéan Battyéany, and Istvéan Ember. "The effect of an organized, nationwide breast cancer screening programme on non-organized mammography activities." Journal of Medical Screening 15, no. 1 (2008): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jms.2008.007070.
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Objectives To analyse the effect of an organized, nationwide breast cancer screening programme on non-organized mammography activities in Hungary. Setting The nationwide dataset of the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund Administration covering the years 2000-2005. Methods Data derived from the nationwide database of the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund Administration. The study includes all women undergoing mammography before (2000-2001) and after (2002-2003/2004-2005) the introduction of organized screening. Results The number of women having non-organized (opportunistic/diagnostic) mammograms was around 250,000 in 2000-2001, but increased to 350,000 in 2005. In the age group 45-64 years in 2000-2001, only 27.4% of all women undergoing mammography were examined within locally-organized programmes. After the introduction of the nationwide programme, this percentage increased to 61.0% in 2002-2003, and 56.3% in 2004-2005. After the introduction of the nationwide organized programme (2002-2003), the proportion of organized screening mammographics remained among the highest in county Hajdú-Bihar (78.4%) and Zala (88.3%) and increased significantly in county Vas (87.7%). Conclusion The introduction of an organized nationwide screening programme in Hungary resulted in increases in the number of screening mammographics, and also of non-organized mammographics. Although the ratio of organized screening versus non-organized mammography changed in favour of screening mammographics, there are large within-country differences between counties.
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Goulart, C., E. Cia, M. G. Fuzatto, R. R. Lüders, and A. L. Lourenção. "AVALIAÇÃO DE INJÚRIAS DE POLYPHAGOTARSONEMUS LATUS BANKS (ACARI: TARSONEMIDAE) EM GENÓTIPOS DE ALGODOEIRO." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 76, no. 1 (2009): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v76p0612009.
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RESUMO As injúrias causadas pelo ácaro-branco em cultivares e linhagens avançadas de algodoeiro disponíveis no Brasil foram avaliadas em três experimentos de campo conduzidos em Campinas, SP (2001/2002 e 2005/2006) e em Guairá, SP (2003/2004). As áreas experimentais foram instaladas segundo um delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com seis repetições, sendo as parcelas constituídas por uma linha de 5 m de comprimento. No total, 36 genótipos diferentes foram utilizados. Foram estabelecidos 16 tratamentos em 2001/2002 e 2003/2004 e 18 em 2005/2006. A avaliação foi feita após intensa ocorrência da praga, sem realização de controle químico, sendo atribuídas, em nível de parcelas, notas de 1 a 5, crescentes com o tipo e a intensidade dos sintomas. Verificou-se, nos três experimentos, ampla e gradual diversidade entre os genótipos, com as notas médias variando de 1,77 (IAC 23) até 4,20 (Sure Grow 821) no experimento de 2001/2002, de 1,45 (COODETEC 401) a 4,63 (MG 0110) no experimento de 2003/2004 e de 1,86 (FMT 702) a 4,74 (Stoneville 474) no experimento de 2005/2006. A análise conjunta de quatro genótipos comuns aos três experimentos corroborou as evidências de ampla e gradual diferença entre os genótipos, indicando IAC 24 e Fibermax 966 como menos danificadas e Deltaopal e Makina como as mais afetadas.
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Orecchini, Luisa A., Teresa López, and Ana Littvik. "Resistencia a carbapenemes en Pseudomonas aeruginosa en un periodo de 10 años en el Hospital Rawson." Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba 67, no. 4 (2010): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v67.n4.22565.
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Backgrounds: Pae is a non-fermenting, Gram-negative bacillus that is associated with nosocomial infections and can easily be transmitted through the hands of health staff from patient to patient. Pae has a wide variety of natural resistance mechanisms and a great capacity to acquire new resistance mechanisms or to increase the expression of their natural resistance. Carbapenems resistance may be offered by impermeability mechanisms, increase in the efflux or enzymatic pump (production of carbapenemases).Purpose: To determine prevailing carbapenems resistance mechanisms in Pae and their evolution.Materials and methods: 372 Pae strains were collected during a ten-year period. The strains were identified through biochemical tests and performed a sensitivity test through diffusion and microbiological method.Results: carbapenems resistance mechanisms for efflux in the year 2000 were, 50%; 2001 16.6%, 2002 6.3%, 2003 23.9%, 2004 18%, 2005 8.8%, 2006 17.8%, 2007 31.8%, 2008 2.5%, 2009 5.2%. As regards impermeability: 2000 33%, 2001 21.4%, 2002 8.5%, 2003 30.4%, 2004 14.7%, 2005 28.8%, 2006 23.5%, 2007 13.6%, 2008 2.5%, 2009 5.2%. The microbiological test was negative for all studied strains.Conclusion: carbapenems resistance during this period was offered by impermeability and an increase in the expression of the efflux mechanism, not by enzymatic mechanism in our hospital. This is a very important issue from an epidemiological point of view because of the rapid horizontal transmission of the strains with this resistance mechanism.
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Janczewska, Marta. "Wspomnienia, relacje, dzienniki – seria wydawnicza Żydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego INB." Zagłada Żydów. Studia i Materiały, no. 3 (December 1, 2007): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32927/zzsim.246.
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Noach Lasman, Wspomnienia z Polski 1 sierpnia 1944–30 kwietnia 1957, Warszawa 1997; Celina Budzyńska, Strzępy rodzinnej sagi, Warszawa 1997; Marek Urban, Polska… Polska…, Warszawa 1998; Oskar Kofler, Żydowskie dwory. Wspomnienia z Galicji Wschodniej od początku XIX wieku do wybuchu I wojny światowej, Warszawa 1999; Chawka Folman – Raban, Nie rozstałam się z nimi…, tłum. z hebrajskiego Inka Wajsbrot i Dora Sternberg, Warszawa 2000; Janina Bauman, Nigdzie na ziemi, Warszawa 2000; Irena Śmigielska, Skradzione lata, Warszawa 2001; Jakub Bukowski, Opowieść o życiu, Warszawa 2002; Leokadia Silverstein, Tak właśnie było, tłum. z angielskiego Hanna Sochacka-Kozłowska, Warszawa 2002; Florian Majewski, Pustelnik, Warszawa 2002; Lili Chuwis-Thau, A jeśli Cię zapomnę, Warszawa 2002; Menachem Katz, Na ścieżkach nadziei, tłum. z hebrajskiego Jan Biełas, Warszawa 2003; Joseph Rosenberg, Nazywam się Józef Nowak, Warszawa 2004; Rachela Margolis, Wspomnienia wileńskie, Warszawa 2005; Icchak Sternberg, Pod przybraną tożsamością, tłum. z hebrajskiego Maria Perlberger-Schmuel, Warszawa 2005; Eliasz Bialski, Patrząc prosto w oczy, Warszawa 2006
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Deng, Rong Gen, and Wei Ming Liao. "Research on of Litterfall Production of Eucalyptus Globulus Plantation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 602–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.602.
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Based on field investigation and lab analysis, litter production and season dynamic in the different ages of Eucalyptus plantation (2006, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002) were studied in this paper. Based on litter collection during 1 years, the annual litter production was estimated to be 2797 kg•hm-2, 4489 kg•hm-2, 3098 kg•hm-2 and 3692 kg.hm-2 for 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003 and 2002. Variance analysis showed that the difference of the litter production of the eucalyptus plantation between 2006 and 2003, 2005 reached the extremely significantly level (p<0.01). Monthly litter production showed seasonal dynamics to some extent. There were two peaks for 2006 and 2002, with occurring in April, September and, February and April respectively and three peaks for 2004 and 2003, with occurring in in February, April and June. But there was only one peak appearing in June. Synthetically, the litter production of 2006, 2002 achieved maximum in April accounting for 13.50% and 28.09% of the total but 2005, 2004 and 2003 achieved in June accounting for 23.83%, 21.33% and 19.23% respectively. Fallen leaves accounted for 84.86%~90.04% of the total litter, droppings for 5.01%-6.70%, branches for 2.95%-4.52%, barks for 2.64%-3.62%, and fruits for 0.00%-0.55%%.
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Lipkin, Christine, Paul C. Sereno, and John R. Horner. "The furcula in Suchomimus tenerensis and Tyrannosaurus rex (Dinosauria: Theropoda: Tetanurae)." Journal of Paleontology 81, no. 6 (2007): 1523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/06-024.1.
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Ossified clavicles, either as paired elements or as a median furcula, have been recorded in all major clades of dinosaurs, including ornithischians, sauropodomorphs, and theropods (Bryant and Russell, 1993). Nearly all but the most basal theropods, Eoraptor lunensis and Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis, have an ossified furcula including coelophysids (Downs, 2000; Tykoski et al., 2002; Carrano et al., 2005), allosauroids (Chure and Madsen, 1996), tyrannosaurids (Makovicky and Currie, 1998; Larson and Donnan, 2002; Brochu, 2003; Lipkin and Sereno, 2004; Larson and Rigby, 2005), therizinosaurids (Xu et al., 1999a; Zhang et al., 2001), oviraptorids (Barsbold, 1983; Clark et al., 1999, 2001; Hwang et al., 2002; Osmólska et al., 2004), troodontids (Xu and Norell, 2004), and dromaeosaurids (Norell et al., 1997; Norell and Makovicky, 1999; Xu et al., 1999b; Burnham et al., 2000; Hwang et al., 2002). No ossification of any element beyond the coracoid has been found in the pectoral girdle of the well-preserved primitive theropods, Eoraptor lunensis and Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis.
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Medeiros, Cássia Regina Gotler, Álvaro Gustavo Wagner Junqueira, Glademir Schwingel, Ioná Carreno, Lúcia Adriana Pereira Jungles, and Olinda Maria de Fátima Lechmann Saldanha. "A rotatividade de enfermeiros e médicos: um impasse na implementação da Estratégia de Saúde da Família." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 15, suppl 1 (2010): 1521–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232010000700064.
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A presente pesquisa analisou as causas do índice de rotatividade de médicos e enfermeiros das equipes da Estratégia de Saúde da Família, com no mínimo dois anos de implantação em março de 2006, no Vale do Taquari (RS). É um estudo quanti-qualitativo que identificou 31 equipes em 25 municípios, sendo o índice de rotatividade estabelecido por ano, de 1999 até 2005, e por categoria profissional. Em 1999 e 2000, não houve rotatividade de médicos e enfermeiros. Em 2002, a rotatividade de médicos foi de 5,9%; em 2003, de 32,1%; em 2004, de 25,8% e, em 2005, de 64,5%. Quanto aos enfermeiros, em 2001, a rotatividade foi de 27,3%; em 2002, de 47%; em 2003, de 17,8%; em 2004, de 41,9% e, em 2005, de 22,6%. A análise de conteúdo das entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com sete médicos e sete enfermeiros apontou como principais causas de rotatividade a precarização do vínculo de trabalho, a fragmentação da formação, o estilo de gestão autoritário, a ausência de vínculo com a comunidade e más condições de trabalho. Esse contexto revela a necessidade de desencadear mudanças em relação aos vínculos trabalhistas, às condições de trabalho e à formação de trabalhadores e gestores da saúde, buscando a implementação da integralidade nas práticas de saúde.
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Galaychuk, I. "Breast sarcomas: Is now the time to change our mind?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): e21524-e21524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e21524.
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e21524 Background: Primary breast sarcoma usually was considered a rare malignant disease [Adem et al., 2004]. The aim of this study is to show the incidence of breast sarcoma in the region with female population of about 600,000. Methods: Retrospective comparative analysis of breast sarcoma and breast cancer incidence in female of Ternopil region for 2000 - 2008. Descriptive statistical method was used. Results: The total of 101 cases of breast sarcoma was diagnosed in female of 39 - 76 years of age. Every year about 11 (6–18) primary breast sarcomas and 256 (233–279) patients with primary breast cancer were detected. The incidence rate of breast sarcoma was 1.14 per 100,000 women in 2000, 2.94 (in 2001), 1.48 (2002), 0.99 (2003), 2.16 (2004), 1.67 (2005), 2.53 (2006), 2.03 (2007) and 1.87/100,000 in 2008. The incidence of breast cancer was ranged from 37.3 to 46.4 per 100,000 of female population. Breast sarcoma consisted of 2.5% of the breast malignancies in 2000, 6.5% (in 2001), 3.3% (2002), 2.6% (2003), 5.4% (2004), 4.1% (2005), 5.9% (2006), 4.4% (2007) and 4.7% in 2008. Pathohistologic examination revealed angiosarcoma in 92.1% of cases. Thus, our findings are significantly different than data of other authors: f.e., the incidence of primary breast sarcoma is at 45 new cases per 10 million women [Confavreux et al., 2003], or 17 new cases per million women [Moore and Kinne, 1996], and breast sarcoma accounting for 0.0006% of breast malignancies which were diagnosed in 1910–2000 [Adem, 2004]. Taking into account all historical and recent data we can suggest beginning of biological changing in correlation between breast malignant tumors–carcinoma and sarcoma. Conclusions: Our statistical finding shows that incidence of breast sarcoma is 1.87 (0.99–2.94) per of 100,000 female population, and now sarcomas consist of 4.4% (2.5–6.5%) of all malignant breast tumors. Angiosarcoma is a most common (92.1%) morphological type of breast sarcomas. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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MILLS, JANET, and HILARY MOORE. "Guest Editorial." British Journal of Music Education 22, no. 3 (2005): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026505170500656x.
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The new millennium has brought a number of research articles and books that relate to instrumental (including vocal) teaching in higher education (Hunter & Russ, 2000; Jørgensen, 2000, 2001; Ritterman, 2000; Davidson & Da Costa Coimbra, 2001; Davidson & Good, 2002; Froehlich, 2002; Mills, 2002, 2004a, 2004b, 2005, in press; Nerland & Hanken, 2002; Nielsen, 2002; Federation of British Conservatoires 2003; Kokotsaki & Davidson, 2003; Mills & Smith, 2003; Mills et al., 2004; Burt & Mills, in press). Many of these publications have been written, at least to some extent, from a distance. The researchers have looked at instrumental teaching in higher education from their experience of schools, ‘academic’ teaching in universities or institutional management, for example, and have set their research questions, and sought the answers to these questions, accordingly.
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Cardoso Griebeler, Janice Rosangela, and Ireni Marilene Zago Figueiredo. "OS DIFERENTES SENTIDOS ATRIBUÍDOS À COMPREENSÃO DA RELAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E ENSINO MÉDIO." Revista Contexto & Educação 31, no. 98 (2016): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21527/2179-1309.2016.98.28-51.
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<p>No estudo da Educação Profissional é possível identificar a polissemia dos termos que tratam da relação da Educação Profissional com o Ensino Médio. Este artigo tem como objetivo explicitar os diferentes sentidos atribuídos à compreensão da relação entre Educação Profissional e o Ensino Médio, sendo: a) articulação e integração; b) Educação Profissional integrada ao Ensino Médio. Trata-se de um estudo teórico com base nos seguintes autores: Garcia (2008; 2009); Kuenzer; Alves (2009); Lima Filho (2002); Ciavatta (2005; 2008); Ramos (2006; 2008); Oliveira (2009); Frigotto (1995); Frigotto; Ciavatta; Ramos (2005a; 2005b); Kuenzer (2000); Frigotto; Ciavatta (2004); Saviani (2003).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras-Chave: </strong>Política de Educação Profissional; Articulação e Integração; Educação Profissional Integrada ao Ensino Médio.</p><p> </p>
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Lee, Cheng-Few, and Cao Hao Thi. "Recap of the 23rd Annual Conference on Pacific Basin Finance, Economics, Accounting, and Management." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 19, no. 01 (2016): 1696001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091516960011.
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The 23rd Annual Conference on Pacific Basin Finance, Economics, Accounting, and Management was held in Saigon Technology University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam on July 16th and July 17th, 2015. The first conference was held at Rutgers University in 1993. Since then, the conference has been held in Hong Kong (1994, 1998), Taipei (1995, 1999, 2003, 2006, 2011), Bangkok (2000, 2004, 2009), Rutgers (1996, 2001, 2005, 2012), Singapore (1997, 2002), Vietnam (2007), Australia (2008, 2013), China (2010), and Japan (2014). The program co-directors of the conference were Cheng-Few Lee, Rutgers University, USA, and Cao Hao Thi, Saigon Technology University, Vietnam.
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Lee, Cheng-Few, and Ming-Jen Lin. "Recap of the 27th Annual Conference on Pacific Basin Finance, Economics, Accounting, and Management." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 23, no. 01 (2019): 2050008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091520500083.
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The 27th Annual Conference on Pacific Basin Finance, Economics, Accounting, and Management was held at National Taiwan University, Taiwan on June 15th and 16th, 2019. The first conference was held at Rutgers University in 1993. Since then, the conference has been held in Hong Kong (1994, 1998), Taipei (1995, 1999. 2003, 2006, 2011, 2016), Bangkok (2000, 2004, 2009), Rutgers (1996, 2001, 2005, 2012, 2018), Singapore (1997, 2002, 2017), Vietnam (2007, 2015), Australia (2008, 2013), China (2010), and Japan (2014). The program co-directors of the conference were Cheng-Few Lee, Rutgers University, USA, and Ming-Jen Lin, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
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Santos Cenobio, Rafael. "Balance historiográfico: revoluciones, movimientos sociales y vida rural en Sinaloa, México, 1980-2013." Janeiro-Junho 2020 5, no. 2 (2020): 312–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37293/sapientiae52.05.
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Este trabajo busca realizar una revisión historiográfica de la literatura producida en Sinaloa y en México en los últimos treinta años del siglo XX y los primeros trece años del siglo XXI, sobre revoluciones, movimientos sociales, revueltas, guerrillas y agroindustria. Para el análisis de la literatura sinaloense, primero se realizó una clasificación por ejes temáticos, luego se describió y contrastó autores, después se elaboró una síntesis discursiva y finalmente se identificaron las diferentes corrientes historiográficas. Los enfoques observados fueron la movilización de recursos, oportunidades políticas, nuevos movimientos sociales, hegemonía (Sánchez, 2011, 2012, 2013a, 2013b; Santos, 2013; Cázares Aboytes, 2005a y 2005b), descampesinismo (Rubio e Hirata, 1985; Hirata, Rubio, Meza, 1978; Quevedo, 1996; Meza, 2002, 1989; Posadas, 1978, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1989, 2005), institucionalismo, redes y élites (Aguilar Alvarado, 2000, 2003; Martínez, 2004; Brito, 2005; Cerutti, 2000; Aguilar Aguilar, 1993, 2003, 2008; Padilla, 1996; Frías, 2008). Los estudios analizados centran su mirada en actores populares como en las élites, lo cual hace que este artículo concluya con una visión integral de la región sinaloense.
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Sá, Patricia, and Fátima Paixão. "Contributos para a clarificação do conceito de competência numa perspetiva integrada e sistémica." Revista Portuguesa de Educação 26, no. 1 (2013): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/rpe.2985.
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Neste artigo temos como principal finalidade contribuir, através da análise reflexiva de perspetivas avançadas por diferentes autores (Allal, 2004; Alonso, 2006; Escamilla, 2009; Jonnaert, 2002; Le Boterf, 2005; Legendre, 2000; Perrenoud, 1999, 2001; Roldão, 2005a; Rychen & Tiana, 2005; entre outros),para a clarificação da noção de competência, assumindo uma perspetiva integrada e sistémica do conceito. Pretendemos, deste modo, colaborar para o esclarecimento de uma perspetiva global e integradora desta noção, que assuma as suas múltiplas dimensões, conteúdos e elementos no sentido da sua utilização partilhada, de modo mais incidente no domínio da Educação. Para tal, após uma curta introdução, o presente artigo defende a importância da clarificação conceptual da noção de competência, apresenta uma breve evolução do conceito e sistematiza as principais divergências e convergências encontradas nos entendimentos avançados pelos autores analisados.Palavras-chaveCompetência; Evolução do conceito; Perspetiva integrada e sistémica
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Sprenger, Terezinha Maria, and Maria Paula Salvador Wadt. "Autonomy development and the classroom: reviewing a course syllabus." DELTA: Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada 24, spe (2008): 551–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-44502008000300009.
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In this paper we describe the process of updating a course syllabus designed to foster the development of language teacher autonomy for course planning and materials preparation. Three main factors were taken into account: participants' reactions and evaluations concerning the first version of the course, the new context, and the developments in the literature related to learner and teacher autonomy. We draw on literature concerning learner and teacher autonomy (Little 2000; Lamb 2000; Benson 1997a, 1997b, 2001; Dam 1995; Aoki 2002), on Critical Pedagogy (Freire 1970, 1973, 1980, 1996) and on studies that deal with learner and teacher narratives (Benson et al. 2003; Benson 2005; Murphey et al. 2005; Karlsson & Kjisik 2007; Liberalli et al. 2003; Telles 2002, 2004). We conclude by raising some questions concerning the theoretical and practical decisions made in the second version of the course and their implications.
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Shin, Bo-Moon, Eun Young Kuak, Hyeon Mi Yoo, et al. "Multicentre study of the prevalence of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in Korea: results of a retrospective study 2000–2005." Journal of Medical Microbiology 57, no. 6 (2008): 697–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47771-0.
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The prevalence of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in Korea has been reported to be approximately 60–80 %. Although the prevalence of the tcdA−tcdB+ C. difficile strain was less then 5 % prior to the year 2000, it has become an emerging nosocomial pathogen in Korea. Therefore, we have attempted to determine the multicentre nationwide prevalence of tcdA+tcdB+ and tcdA−tcdB+ C. difficile for epidemiological purposes. C. difficile strains (n=724, 30 from 2000, 80 from 2001, 74 from 2002, 76 from 2003, 179 from 2004, 285 from 2005) were obtained retrospectively from January 2000 to December 2005 from in-patients at 6 hospitals, all of whom were suspected of having C. difficile-associated disease (CDAD), colitis or pseudomembranous colitis. The numbers of participating hospitals varied yearly (1 in 2000, 2 in 2001–2003, 3 in 2004, 5 in 2005). The hospitals were located in Seoul (n=4), Kyunggi Province (n=1) and Busan (n=1), Korea. PCR assays for tcdA and tcdB genes were conducted using 724 unduplicated C. difficile isolates. The mean prevalence of tcdA+tcdB+ and tcdA−tcdB+ C. difficile strains over the 6 years was 51.8 % (38.4–59.3 %) and 25.8 %(10–56.0 %), respectively. The mean prevalence of tcdA−tcdB+ C. difficile strains was less than 7 % until 2002, but began to increase in 2003 (13.2 %) and achieved a peak in 2004 (50.3 %). In 2005, the mean prevalence of tcdA+tcdB+ and tcdA−tcdB+ C. difficile strains was 47.7 % (30.9–60.3 %) and 27.0 % (17.6–54.8 %), respectively. This nationwide epidemiological study showed that tcdA−tcdB+ C. difficile strains have already spread extensively throughout Korea, and our results provide basic data regarding the controversies currently surrounding the toxigenicity of tcdA−tcdB+ C. difficile. The use of enzyme immunoassays capable of detecting both TcdA and TcdB is strongly recommended for the diagnosis of CDAD in microbiology laboratories, in order to control the spread of the tcdA−tcdB+ strains of C. difficile.
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Carmo, Bougleux Bonjardim da Silva. "As construções com o conector mas e a contra-argumentação na organização tópica de uma elocução formal." Língu@ Nostr@ 5, no. 2 (2018): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.22481/lnostra.v5i2.13223.
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O presente artigo analisa e descreve a multifuncionalidade do conector discursivo mas em construções contra-argumentativas, como elemento partícipe da organização tópica no texto oral formal. A partir da noção de tópico discursivo (JUBRAN et al, 2002; FÁVERO, 2003; JUBRAN, 2006; PINHEIRO, 2006; PENHAVEL, 2011; PENHAVEL; GARCIA, 2017) e nos conceitos relativos às construções contrastivas e contra-argumentativas (ALOMBA RIBEIRO, 2005; WELP, 2005; PORTOLÉS, 2001; NEVES, 2000; ANTUNES, 2005; FÁVERO, 2003; ANSCOMBRE; DUCROT, 1994) realizou-se uma análise descritiva e qualitativa de 29 ocorrências em uma elocução formal - EF, oriunda do projeto NURC / RJ, correspondendo ao corpus desta pesquisa. Como resultado, demonstra-se que a presença do conector mas sinaliza uma diversidade de sentidos, nos quais se envolvem elementos semânticos, pragmáticos, argumentativos e inferenciais que participam na articulação dos segmentos tópicos. Igualmente, postula-se o ato contra-argumentativo, em seus diversos graus de manifestação, como fator de segmentação tópica e episódica. Finalmente, são determinadas as funções proeminentes assumidas pelo conector em estudo.
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SHIFMAN, M. "LARGE EXTRA DIMENSIONS: BECOMING ACQUAINTED WITH AN ALTERNATIVE PARADIGM." International Journal of Modern Physics A 25, no. 02n03 (2010): 199–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x10048548.
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This is a colloquium style pedagogical introduction to the paradigm of large extra dimensions. This talk was delivered at various universities including UCLA (1999), Technion (2000), DESY (2001), University of Pisa (2001), UBC (2002), NYU (2002), University of Nantes (2003), Bern University (2003), Max-Planck Institute/Munich University (2003), University of Padova (2003), University of Minnesota (2005).
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Yuan, Yuan, Frank Y. Shih, Ju Jing, and Haimin Wang. "Solar flare forecasting using sunspot-groups classification and photospheric magnetic parameters." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S273 (2010): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311015742.
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AbstractIn this paper, we investigate whether incorporating sunspot-groups classification information would further improve the performance of our previous logistic regression based solar flare forecasting method, which uses only line-of-sight photospheric magnetic parameters. A dataset containing 4913 samples from the year 2000 to 2005 is constructed, in which 2721 samples from the year 2000, 2002 and 2004 are used as a training set, and the remaining 2192 samples from the year 2001, 2003 and 2005 are used as a testing set. Experimental results show that sunspot-groups classification combined with total gradient on the strong gradient polarity neutral line achieve the highest forecasting accuracy and thus it testifies sunspot-groups classification does help in solar flare forecasting.
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Lv, Guiwen, та Zhiqun Xue. "The Equivalence of Convergence Results between Ishikawa and Mann Iterations with Errors for Uniformly Continuous Generalized Φ-Pseudocontractive Mappings in Normed Linear Spaces". Journal of Applied Mathematics 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/395098.
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We prove the equivalence of the convergence of the Mann and Ishikawa iterations with errors for uniformly continuous generalized Φ-pseudocontractive mappings in normed linear spaces. Our results extend and improve the corresponding results of Xu, 1998, Kim et al., 2009, Ofoedu, 2006, Chidume and Zegeye, 2004, Chidume, 2001, Chang et al. 2002, Liu, 1995, Hirano and huang, 2003, C. E. Chidume and C. O. Chidume, 2005, and huang, 2007.
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Lee, Cheng-Few, Yasuo Hoshino, and Mohd Fazli Mohd Sam. "Recap of the 22nd Annual Conference on Pacific Basin Finance, Economics, Accounting and Management." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 18, no. 01 (2015): 1596001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091515960016.
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This is the 22nd Annual Conference on Pacific Basin Finance, Economics, Accounting, and Management which was held in Aichi University, Nagoya, Japan on September 4 to September 5, 2014. The first conference was held at Rutgers University in 1993. Since then, the conference has been held in Hong Kong (1994, 1998), Taipei (1995, 1999, 2003, 2006, 2011), Bangkok (2000, 2004, 2009), Rutgers (1996, 2001, 2005, 2012), Singapore (1997, 2002), Vietnam (2007), Australia (2008, 2013) and China (2010). The program co-directors of the conference was Cheng-Few Lee, Rutgers University, USA, Yasuo Hoshino, Aichi University and the University of Tsukuba, Japan and Mohd Fazli Mohd Sam, Aichi University, Japan and University of Technical Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia.
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Abbas, M. Astri Yulidar. "Analisis Rasio Keuangan Untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Sebelum Dan Sesudah Merger Pada PT. Kalbe Farma.tbk”." Jurnal Ekonomika : Manajemen, Akuntansi, dan Perbankan Syari'ah 5, no. 1 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/je.v5i1.215.
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Kinerja keuangan PT. Kalbe Farma ditinjau dari rasio profitabilitas terjadi fluktuasi, artinya rasio ini mengalami naik turun setiap tahunnya. Namun dilihat dari Net Profit Margin sebelum merger pada tahun 2002 sebesar 10,42%, tahun 2003 sebesar 11,18%, tahun 2004 sebesar 10,91% dan sesudah merger pada tahun 2005 sebesar 10.66%, tahun 2006 sebesar 11,14%, tahun 2007 sebesar 10,07%, tahun 2008 sebesar 8,97%, tahun 2009 sebesar 10,22%, tahun 2010 sebesar 12,58%, pada tahun 2011 sebesar 14,11%, pada tahun 2012 sebesar 12,99%, tahun 2013 sebesar 12,52%. Dilihat dari Return On Investmentsebelum merger pada tahun 2002 sebesar 13,24%, tahun 2003 sebesar 13,19%, tahun 2004 sebesar 12,34% dan sesudah merger pada tahun 2005 sebesar 13,51%, tahun 2006 sebesar 14,63%, tahun 2007 sebesar 13,73%, tahun 2008 sebesar 12,39%, tahun 2009 sebesar 14,33%, tahun 2010 sebesar 18,29%, pada tahun 2011 sebesar 18,61%, pada tahun 2012 sebesar 18,82%, tahun 2013 sebesar 17,71%. Dan dilihat dari Return On Equitysebelum merger pada tahun 2002 sebesar 54,49%, tahun 2003 sebesar 38,95%, tahun 2004 sebesar 30,54%dan sesudah merger pada tahun 2005 sebesar 26,84%, tahun 2006 sebesar 22,59%, tahun 2007 sebesar 20,84%, tahun 2008 sebesar 19,51%, tahun 2009 sebesar 21,55%, tahun 2010 sebesar 23,94%, pada tahun 2011 sebesar 23,63%, pada tahun 2012 sebesar 24,04%, tahun 2013 sebesar 23,58%.
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Mitchell, Maurice. "Dispersed Initiatives in Changing Urban Landscapes." Open House International 33, no. 2 (2008): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2008-b0006.
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There is a growing desire amongst students of architecture to work, either in the UK or in developing countries, in situations where technical and cultural change is rapid and resources are scarce. At the same time self organizing local communities have become recognized as the most effective client and interlocutor for generating meaningful debate on the transformation of their everyday environment. Diploma Studio 6 at the Department of Architecture and Spatial Design of London Metropolitan University has worked with specifically local, low income and marginalized communities in Kosovo (2000 + 2001) and India: Gujarat (2002), Meerut (2003), Delhi (2004 +2005) and Agra (2006) to generate proposals for meaningful change and improvement. This paper seeks to draw out some of the major themes of debate which have emerged.
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Lurie, Andrew J., Mark V. Mai, Martin S. Tallman, June McCoy, and Charles L. Bennett. "2006 RADAR Report Card on Conversion Rates from Accelerated FDA Approval to Regular FDA Approval for Drugs Used To Treat Hematologic Malignancies: Policy Changes Continue To Be Needed." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 3318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.3318.3318.
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Abstract Background: At ASH 2004 and 2005, we reported < 20% rates of from accelerated approval (AA) to regular approval (RA) for drugs used to treat hematologic malignancies (HMs). The FDA convened Oncologic Drug Advisory Committee (ODAC) meetings with sponsors of these drugs in 2003 and 2005 outlining recommendations for completion of subpart H trials. Congressmen Markey and Hinchey have raised concern over low rates of completion of subpart H studies for all AA drugs. The Research on Adverse Drug Events and Reports (RADAR) project reviewed the current status of subpart H commitments for all cancer drugs that received AA prior to 2005. Methods: NDAs and supplements for new uses from the FDA, package inserts, and literature reviews were reviewed. Results: Of 19 cancer drugs receiving AA prior to 2005, conversion to RA has occurred for 2 of 9 drugs for HMs and 8 of 11 drugs for solid tumors (STs) (22% vs 73%, p<0.05). Subpart H studies have been ongoing for a median of 5 years for AA drugs for HMs; however, for ST drugs, these studies were completed in a median of 2.5 years. Of 7 subpart H studies reviewed at the 2005 ODAC meeting on AA, subpart H evaluations continue for all 4 for HMs versus 1 of 3 for STs. HMs are characterized by lower rates of target populations, most having > 25,000 newly diagnosed patients annually (25% vs 78%). Recruitment targets are smaller for AA studies for HMs (median, 82 vs 295 patients) and subpart H studies (median, 295 vs 535). Conclusions: Rates of conversion from AA to RA remain poor for drugs for hematologic malignancies but not for solid tumors drugs. In spite of ODAC meetings and two congressional inquiries, little progress ahs been made towards completing these trials. RADAR continues to urge policy makers to modify the AA process for drugs used to treat hematologic malignancies. Hematologic malignancy drugs receiving AA prior to 2005 and current status of subpart studies Drug AA Indication Pts in AA trial design AA year Target # of pts in Subpart H study RA Year Imatinib mesylate CML 1027 2001 1027 2003 Bortezomib MM 202 2003 669 2005 Denileukin difitox* CTCL** 71 1999 195 Pending Liposomal cytarabine* Lymphomatous meningitis** 33 1999 195 Pending Gemtuzumab ozogamicin* AML** 142 2000 342 Pending Alemtuzumab* B-Cell Chronic lymphocytic leukemia** 93 2001 197 Pending Ibritumomab tiuxetan Certain NHLs ** 230 2002 293 Pending Imatinib mesylate CML (pedatrics)** 39 2003 35 Pending Tositumomab Certain NHLs** 60 2003 N/A Pending Solid tumor cancer drugs receiving AA prior to 2005 and current status of subpart studies Drug AA Indication Pts in AA trial design AA year Target # of pts in Subpart H study RA year * Recommendations for completing trials were made at recent ODAC meetings ** Indications with >25,000 new diagnosis annually Irinotecan Colorectal 304 1996 535 1998 Docetaxel Breast 134 1996 326 1998 Capecitabine Breast 163 1998 511 2001 Temozolomide Brain 162 1999 573 2005 Liposomal Doxorubicin* Ovarian 85 1999 474 2005 Oxaliplatin Colorectal 463 2002 795 2004 Anastrozole Breast 9366 2002 6196 2005 Gefitinib Lung 221 2003 1700 2005 Liposomal Doxorubicin* Kaposi’s sarcoma** 77 1995 250 Pending Amifostine Non-small cell lung** 25 1996 366 Withdrawn Imatinib mesylate GI stromal tumors** 147 2002 946 Pending
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Amasuomo, Japo Oweikeye. "Academic performance of Students during transition period before choice of disciplines in Nigeria Certificate in Education (Technical) programme." Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 10, no. 3 (2015): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v1i1.65.
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The study examined the academic performance of students in the compulsory courses in technical education during the transition period of first and second years of three years Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) Technical programme before choosing their disciplines in the third year. The study comprised of 237 students that consisted of Automobile, 22; Building, 8; Electrical/Electronics, 21; Metalwork, 24; and Woodwork, 4 admitted into year one in 2002/2003, 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 academic sessions who transited to third year of the programme in 2004/2005, 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 academic sessions respectively. Data consisted of examination scores for 20 compulsory courses offered by the students and was analyzed with the arithmetic mean, one-way ANOVA and the Scheffe’s test. The study established that, students in Electrical/Electronics discipline performed better than their counterparts who made Automobile, Building, Metalwork and Woodwork as their discipline, and the academic performance of the five groups of students differed significantly.Keywords: academic, performance, transition, specialization.
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Morés, Andréia. "Inovação científica, tecnológica e pedagógica: avanços da educação superior." ETD - Educação Temática Digital 20, no. 1 (2018): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/etd.v20i1.8648641.
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O presente artigo está relacionado aos resultados obtidos em uma pesquisa de doutorado junto aos cursos de Pedagogia EaD de duas universidades brasileiras: uma federal e outra comunitária. Teve-se o objetivo de investigar as inovações pedagógicas, científicas e tecnológicas dos cursos de Pedagogia EaD de ambas as instituições. A metodologia utilizada foi o Estudo de Caso referendada por Bogdan e Biklen (1994) e Yin (2005). O lastro teórico contempla os embasamentos de Cattani e Holzmann (2006), Furtado e Freitas (2004), Fullan (2000), Messina (2001), Leite, Cunha e Lucarelli et al. (1999), Santos (2006, 2008), Viotto e Macedo (2003), e Leite (2005), Audy (2006), e outros. O estudo revelou que se está a caminho da construção de práticas inovadoras, pois, em ambos os cursos de Pedagogia EaD estão presentes inovações pedagógicas, científicas e tecnológicas que potencializaram uma nova maneira de conhecer, ensinar e aprender na universidade.
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van de Laar, M. J. W., F. D. H. Koedijk, H. Götz, and H. JC de Vries. "A slow epidemic of LGV in the Netherlands in 2004 and 2005." Eurosurveillance 11, no. 9 (2006): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.11.09.00642-en.
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In 2004, an outbreak of LGV was detected in MSM in the Netherlands. By January 2006, 179 confirmed cases of LGV had been reported; 65 (retrospectively) in 2002/2003, 76 in 2004 and 38 in 2005. The evolution of the LGV outbreak appears to have slowed down and only a few cases were found in the first months of 2006.
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Furtado, Aline Santos, Flavia Baluz Bezerra de Farias Nunes, Alcione Miranda dos Santos, and Arlene de Jesus Mendes Caldas. "Análise espaço-temporal da leishmaniose visceral no estado do Maranhão, Brasil." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 20, no. 12 (2015): 3935–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320152012.01672015.
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Resumo Este estudo analisou a distribuição espaço-temporal dos casos de leishmaniose visceral (LV) no estado do Maranhão, no período de 2000 a 2009. A partir do número de casos notificados, foram elaborados mapas temáticos para demonstrar a evolução da distribuição geográfica da doença no estado. Utilizou-se o método MCMC para estimação dos parâmetros do modelo bayesiano espaço-temporal para a identificação das áreas de risco. De 2000 a 2009, foram notificados 5.389 casos de leishmaniose visceral, distribuídos em todas as 18 Unidades Regionais de Saúde do estado, com as maiores incidências em: Caxias, Imperatriz, Presidente Dutra e Chapadinha. As Unidades Regionais de Saúde com maiores riscos relativos por biênio foram: Caxias e Barra do Corda (2000-2001), Imperatriz e Presidente Dutra (2002-2003), Imperatriz e Caxias (2004-2005), Presidente Dutra e Codó (2006-2007), e Imperatriz e Caxias (2008-2009). Houve uma considerável expansão geográfica da LV no Maranhão, sendo necessária a adoção de medidas mais eficazes de prevenção e controle da doença no estado.
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Barioni, Mariana Casemiro, and Fernanda Soares. "LE TRAVAIL DU PROFESSEUR DÉBUTANT DE FLE : LE RÔLE DES ORIENTATIONS DANS SON ACTIVITÉ." Non Plus, no. 5 (September 20, 2015): 50–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-3976.v3i5p50-75.
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Cet article a pour but de présenter une analyse d’un extraitd’une Instruction au Sosie réalisée avec une professeure débutante deFrançais Langue Étrangère (FLE). Basée sur les Sciences du Travail, plusspécifiquement l’Ergonomie de l’Activité (AMIGUES, 2002 ; 2004 ; 2012 ;RIA, 2005 ; SAUJAT, 2004 ; AMIGUES ; FÉLIX ; ESPINASSY, 2014), sur laClinique de l’Activité (CLOT, 2001 ; 2006) et sur le cadre théorique del’Interactionnisme Socio-discursif (BRONCKART, 2003), cette étude viseà découvrir dans et à travers les textes d’Instruction au Sosie : quellessont les représentations construites sur les orientations pour le travail duprofesseur débutant ? À partir de ces orientations, comment ce professeurorganise son travail ?
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Almeida, Severina Alves de, Francisco Edviges Albuquerque, and Maria José de Pinho. "Transdisciplinaridade e educação intercultural: a formação do professor indígena Apinayé em perspectiva." Revista Ibero-Americana de Estudos em Educação 8, no. 4 (2014): 804–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21723/riaee.v8i4.4693.
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Neste artigo, refletimos sobre Transdisciplinaridade e Educação Intercultural, considerando o contexto Apinayé. Os Apinayé são um povo Indígena do norte do Estado do Tocantins. Os aspectos metodológicos estão voltados para uma concepção interdisciplinar, contemplando Estudos Teóricos e Pesquisa de Campo. Para o desenvolvimento do texto, temos duas fases que se complementam. Primeiro fazemos uma revisão da literatura atinente à temática abordada. Para os conceitos de Inter e Transdisciplinaridade, utilizamos as bases teóricas de D´Ambrósio (1997); Fazenda (2003; 2006); Nicolescu (2008; 2009); Damas (2009); Magalhães (2009); e Sommerman (2005). Para Educação Intercultural Ouellet (2002); Banks (1993); Maher (2005; 2006); e Grupioni (2001; 2003). Sobre os Apinayé Nimuendaju (1983); Da Matta (1976); e Albuquerque (1999; 2007; 2009). Acerca da pesquisa do tipo interdisciplinar: Vasconcelos (2009). Sobre Formação de Professores, Tardif (2002) e Pinho (2007). A pesquisa de campo se efetivou mediante uma etnografia com observação participante conforme Erikson (1984); e André (2000). Os dados, coletados, de forma qualitativa, foram gerados mediante diário e notas de campo. Os resultados apontam para uma realidade onde a Transdisciplinaridade se manifesta na prática pedagógica do Professor de Língua Materna Apinayé.
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Sebastian, Rhonda S., Cecilia Wilkinson Enns, Joseph D. Goldman, and Alanna J. Moshfegh. "Change in methodology for collection of drinking water intake in What We Eat in America/National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: implications for analysis." Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 7 (2012): 1190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012000316.
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AbstractObjectiveTo provide updated estimates of drinking water intake (total, tap, plain bottled) for groups aged ≥1 year in the USA and to determine whether intakes collected in 2005–2006 using the Automated Multiple-Pass Method for the 24 h recall differ from intakes collected in 2003–2004 via post-recall food-frequency type questions.DesignCross-sectional, observational study.SettingWhat We Eat in America (WWEIA), the dietary intake component of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).SubjectsIndividuals aged ≥1 year in 2003–2004 (n 8249) and 2005–2006 (n 8437) with one complete 24 h recall.ResultsThe estimate for the percentage of individuals who reported total drinking water in 2005–2006 was significantly (P < 0·0000) smaller (76·9 %) than that for 2003–2004 (87·1 %), attributable to a lower percentage reporting tap water (54·1 % in 2005–2006 v. 67·0 % in 2003–2004; P = 0·0001). Estimates of mean tap water intake differed between the survey cycles for men aged ≥71 years.ConclusionsSurvey variables must be examined before combining or comparing data from multiple WWEIA/NHANES release cycles. For at least some age/gender groups, drinking water intake data from NHANES cycles prior to 2005–2006 should not be considered comparable to more recent data.
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Boncz, Imre, Andor Sebestyén, Lajos Döbrőssy, Attila Kovács, András Budai, and Tamás Székely. "The coverage of cervical screening in Hungary." Orvosi Hetilap 148, no. 46 (2007): 2177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2007.28956.
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A dolgozat célja annak meghatározása, hogy Magyarországon a nők hány százaléka vesz részt nőgyógyászati citológiai vizsgálaton (lefedettség), akár a szervezett szűrővizsgálat keretében, akár az egyéb nőgyógyászati vizsgálatok során. Adatok és módszerek: Az elemzés az Országos Egészségbiztosítási Pénztár (OEP) rutinszerűen gyűjtött finanszírozási adatokat tartalmazó adatbázisára épül. A vizsgálatban a 2000 és 2002 közötti 3 éves periódus volt az opportunisztikus szűrés referencia-időszaka, míg a 2003 és 2005 közötti 3 év a szervezett szűrés első szűrési ciklusa. Eredmények: Míg a 2000 és 2002 közötti 3 évben 1 667 618 nőnél végeztek citológiai vizsgálatot, addig ez a szám 2003 és 2005 között 1 749 498 főre emelkedett. A 25–64 év közötti női korosztályban 2000 és 2002 között az 1 éves lefedettség 22,0–23,3% között változott, ami 2003 és 2005 között 23,4–24,3%-ra emelkedett. A 2000 és 2002 közötti 3 éves lefedettség pedig 48,9%-ról 2003 és 2005 között 52,6%-ra emelkedett a szervezett szűréssel érintett célpopulációban (+3,7%). Következtetés: A szervezett szűrés kismértékben növelte a citológiai vizsgálaton részt vevő nők számát. Ahhoz azonban, hogy érdemi mortalitáscsökkenést eredményezzen a program, a részvételi mutatókat növelni szükséges.
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Vasiljevic, Zorana, Natasa Mickovski-Katalina, Gordana Panic, et al. "Clinical characteristics, management and mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome from 2002 to 2005: Report from the National registry of acute coronary syndrome in Serbia." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 135, no. 11-12 (2007): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0712645v.
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Introduction Data regarding patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) did not exist in Serbia until 2002. By establishing the National Registry for Acute Coronary Syndrome (NRACS), the data collection based on the filled-in "coronary questionnaire" for each patient hospitalized and diagnosed with acute infarction of the myocardium (AIM) and unstable angina pectoris (UAP) was initiated in Serbia. Objective The aim of the study was to analyze clinical characteristics, complications, applied reperfusion-thrombolytic treatment and standard therapy, and mortality rate of patients treated in coronary or intensive care units during the 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005. Method We chose a "coronary protocol" with minimal set of the patient?s data that was filled-in by the attending physician. The collection of the data was initiated in July 2002. Results During four months of 2002, 4202 patients were treated for ACS; in 2003 12739 patents, in 2004 12351 patients and 12598 patients in 2005. AIM with ST elevation (STAIM), as related to AIM without ST elevation (NSTAIM), was more often encountered in Serbian population in comparison to other European countries: in 2002, it was registered among 52.3% of patients, in 2003 among 52.7%, in 2004 among 51.8%, and in 2005 among 50.7% of patients. The patients suffering from the ACS in Serbia were of younger age, with a significant prevalence of females, as compared to the data from the European countries. Thrombolytic therapy in STAIM was applied in only 24.5% of patients in 2002, which then rose by each year, to reach 36.4% of patients in 2005. At the same time, as expected, hospital mortality rate decreased: from 14.8% in 2002 to 8.2% in 2005. STAIM patients untreated by thrombolytic therapy had a considerably higher mortality rate: in 2002 it was 20.3%, in 2003 15.3%, in 2004 14.3%, and in 2005 13.8%. Total mortality rate in patients with STAIM gradually decreased from 19% in 2002 to 11.7% in 2005. Conclusion From 2002-2005, the patients treated for ACS in Serbia were younger, with higher prevalence of females, and with a higher incidence of STAIM in relation to NSTAIM. The administration of reperfusion therapy in STAIM patients has been increasing significantly, from 24.5% in 2002 to 36.4% in 2005, and was followed by a decrease in hospital mortality rate of 14.8% in 2002 to 8.2% in 2005. Overall mortality of STAIM patients treated with or without thrombolytic therapy gradually decreased from19% in 2002 to 11.7% in 2005.
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Ibrahim, Abdulhamid B., and E. Kogi. "RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF MALARIA PREVALENCE IN SELECTED HOSPITALS IN ZARIA, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 4 (2021): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-462.
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A retrospective study of laboratory records in selected hospitals in Zaria was carried out to determine the trend of malaria prevalence between 2001 and 2005. Data was obtained from the following selected hospitals: St Luke’s Anglican Hospital, Wusasa, Salama Infirmary, Saidu Dange railway Hospital and Sick Bay, Ahmadu Bello University, Main campus, Samaru. The selection of the hospitals was based on their geographical location and sizes. The prevalence was consistently high over the years; 2001–44.1%, 2002–59.45%, 2003–59.35%, 2004–58.30% and 2005–64.25%. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between malaria infection in males and females. Infection rates were significantly higher in children than adults (P<0.05) in all hospitals sampled except Salama Infirmary. Sick Bay in the main campus, Samaru had the least prevalence consistently over the five years period – 2001-27.0%, 2002-26.3%, 2003-21.8%, 2004-25.9% and 2005-33.2%. No clear seasonal variation over the years was observed. The study clearly showed consistent high prevalence over the five years period. Record keeping was useful as it provided data bur devoid of specific ages of attendees. Specific ages of hospital attendees rather than “children” or “adults” should be recorded and other demographic variables such as occupation and other socio-economic proxies should be included in laboratory record books
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Li, Li, Yalin Lei, Dongyang Pan, and Chunyan Si. "Research on Sustainable Development of Resource-Based Cities Based on the DEA Approach: A Case Study of Jiaozuo, China." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5024837.
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Jiaozuo is a typical resource-based city, and its economic transformation has been an example of success in China. However, quantitative evaluation of the city’s development has scarcely been performed, and future development is not clear. Because of this, using the relevant data from 1999 to 2013, this paper uses the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to evaluate development after the transformation of Jiaozuo with the aim of providing a basis for its future developing plan. The results show that DEA was effective in 2000, 2004, 2006, 2010, and 2012, was weakly effective in 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2013, and was ineffective in 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2011. By evaluating the development of Jiaozuo, this paper provides policy implications for Jiaozuo’s sustainable development, and it may serve as a reference for the sustainable development of China’s other resources-based cities.
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Chouteau, Mathieu, Melanie McClure, and Marc Gibernau. "Pollination ecology of Monstera obliqua (Araceae) in French Guiana." Journal of Tropical Ecology 23, no. 5 (2007): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467407004427.
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Data on pollination ecology of Araceae are still scarce and most concern species belonging to the subfamily Aroideae (García-Robledo et al. 2004, Gibernau 2003, Ivancic et al. 2004, 2005; Maia & Schlindwein 2006). In this subfamily, inflorescences consist of unisexual flowers: female flowers are located in the lower portion and the male flowers are in the upper portion of the inflorescence (Mayo et al. 1997). In the documented neotropical Aroideae, pollinators are nocturnal beetles and pollination mechanisms take place within a floral chamber during a short flowering cycle (generally 24–48 h) with floral rewards (sterile flowers rich in proteins and/or lipids) for the beetle pollinators, the secretion of resin to secure pollen on the pollinator, and the production of heat and odours (Chouteau et al. 2007, García-Robledo et al. 2004, Gibernau & Barabé 2002, Gibernau et al. 1999, 2000, 2003; Maia & Schlindwein 2006, Young 1986).
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Cargnelutti Filho, Alberto, Lindolfo Storck, and José Paulo Guadagnin. "Número de repetições para a comparação de cultivares de milho." Ciência Rural 40, no. 5 (2010): 1023–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782010005000073.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o número de medições (repetições) necessárias à predição do desempenho de cultivares de milho (Zea mays L.). Para isso, foram usados os dados de produtividade de grãos de 286 ensaios de competição de cultivares, realizados no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, nos anos agrícolas 2002/2003, 2003/2004, 2004/2005, 2005/2006, 2006/2007, 2007/2008 e 2008/2009. Para cada ensaio, foi realizada a análise de variância, estimado o coeficiente de repetibilidade e calculado o número de repetições necessárias para predizer o valor real das cultivares, com base no coeficiente de determinação genotípico de 0,80 e 0,90. Ensaios com três e quatro repetições identificam cultivares superiores de milho, em relação à produtividade de grãos, com, respectivamente, 72,40 e 81% de exatidão no prognóstico de seu valor real.
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Sridharan, S., S. Sathishkumar, and S. Gurubaran. "Variabilities of mesospheric tides and equatorial electrojet strength during major stratospheric warming events." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 11 (2009): 4125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-4125-2009.
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Abstract. The present study demonstrates the relationship between the high latitude northern hemispheric major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events and the reversal in the afternoon equatorial electrojet (EEJ), often called the counter-electrojet (CEJ), during the winter months of 1998–1999, 2001–2002, 2003–2004 and 2005–2006. As the EEJ current system is driven by tidal winds, an investigation of tidal variabilities in the MF radar observed zonal winds during the winters of 1998–1999 and 2005–2006 at 88 km over Tirunelveli, a site close to the magnetic equator, shows that there is an enhancement of semi-diurnal tidal amplitude during the days of a major SSW event and a suppression of the same immediately after the event. The significance of the present results lies in demonstrating the latitudinal coupling between the high latitude SSW phenomenon and the equatorial ionospheric current system with clear evidence for major SSW events influencing the day-to-day variability of the CEJ.
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Basu, Anirban. "Forecasting Distribution of Body Mass Index in the United States: Is There More Room for Growth?" Medical Decision Making 30, no. 3 (2009): E1—E11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x09351749.
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Background. Much of the literature on obesity has consistently documented the unprecedented rise in body weight over the past 2 decades. Less attention is paid to future projections of the population distribution of body mass index (BMI). Objective. To forecast the distribution of BMI in children (6—17 years) and adults (>17 years) in the United States (US) by age group, sex, and race over the period 2004—2014. Methods. Analysis of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data (2001—2002 and 2004— 2005) to estimate and compare the 1-year transitions across BMI categories for children and adults. Forecasting distributions of obesity over 2004—2014 using a probabilistic population-level simulation model and validating it with prevalence data from 2005—2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results. During 2004— 2005, a majority of adults in each BMI category remained in the same category after 1 year, these estimates being not significantly different than the corresponding estimates in 2001—2002. Among children, stabilities within BMI categories are low during 2004—2005, and compared with 2001—2002, transition probabilities into overweight class 2 from other BMI categories increase substantially. Forecasts reveal significant increases in the risk of overweight category among children 6 to 9 years old (5% to 14% in 5 years), with a greater increase anticipated in males, and increases in the overweight category for many years to come for adults, although the adult obesity prevalence remains at the current levels. Conclusions. Although the absolute levels of obesity remain high among US adults, the growth in obesity appears to have stagnated. On the contrary, continued growth in the prevalence of the highest BMI category for children is anticipated.
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Buchy, Marie-Céline. "First record ofOphthalmosaurus(Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) from the Tithonian (Upper Jurassic) of Mexico." Journal of Paleontology 84, no. 1 (2010): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/08-122.1.
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From the Middle Jurassic on, the Tethys basin opened westward; the existence of a Carribean corridor linking the European and Pacific realms now appears well supported by comparison of marine reptile assemblages (e.g., Gasparini and Fernández, 1997, 2005; Gasparini et al., 2000; Fernández and Iturralde-Vinent, 2000; Gasparini and Iturralde-Vinent, 2001, 2006; Gasparini et al., 2002). Marine transgression in Mexico began during the Callovian, as evidenced by the evaporites of the Minas Viejas Fm. However, microfossils and invertebrate assemblages indicate that the Mexican Gulf remained isolated from both the European Archipelago and the Pacific, at least temporarily, until the middle Berriasian; the Florida uplift and southward movement of Yucatan were proposed as possibly forming a barrier (Salvador et al., 1993; Adatte et al., 1994, 1996; Goldhammer, 1999; Goldhammer and Johnston, 2001; Gasparini and Iturralde-Vinent, 2006). After almost a decade of field work and examination of collections, the Late Jurassic marine reptile assemblage of north-east Mexico confirms the conclusions drawn from microfossils and invertebrates. Poorly diagnostic ichthyosaur remains, with various thalattosuchians, numerically dominate the assemblage. Sauropterygians are rare, mainly represented by large pliosaurids of unclear affinities, a few vertebrae attributed to elasmosaurids, and a unique cryptoclidid. Turtles are yet to be reported (Frey et al., 2002; Buchy et al., 2003, 2005b, 2006a–d; Buchy, 2007, 2008a, b; material currently under study).
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Pereira, Liliane. "A interferência das regras fonológicas e morfossintáticas do dialeto na aprendizagem do português padrão." Educação Online, no. 24 (April 30, 2017): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36556/eol.vi24.287.
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Neste texto, pretendemos apresentar um mapeamento das capacidades de linguagem (DOLZ; SCHENEUWLY, 2004), especificamente a linguístico-discursiva nas produções iniciais, a partir de uma sequência didática do gênero carta do leitor. O objetivo é verificar os erros decorrentes da transposição dos hábitos da fala para a escrita (BORTONI-RICARDO, 2005). Como suporte teórico para análise dos dados, pautamo-nos no interacionismo sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART, 2003; 2006; 2008) e na sua proposta de engenharia didática (SCHNEUWLY; DOLZ, 2004). No que se refere à sociolinguística educacional, nos embasamos em Bortoni-Ricardo (2005); Coseriu (1980); Castilho (2010); Soares (2002); Cyranka (2014, 2015); Camacho (1988); e Faraco (2008).
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Shah, Aadil Hameed, Atta Ullah Khan, Liurong Pan, Asad Amin, and Abbas Ali Chandio. "Reflections of Pro-Poor Growth across Agro-Climatic Zones for Farming and Non-Farming Communities: Evidence from Punjab, Pakistan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (2022): 5516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095516.
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The basic objective of the existing study was to inspect the triangular association between economic growth, poverty, and income disparity in farming and non-farming communities across agro-climatic zones in Punjab province, Pakistan. The cross-sectional Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) data and Poverty Equivalent Growth Rate (PEGR) methodology were applied from 2001–2002 to 2015–2016. Outcomes of the study found that in a short period, 2001–2002 to 2004–2005; 2004–2005 to 2005–2006; 2005–2006 to 2007–2008; 2007–2008 to 2010–2011; 2010–2011 to 2011–2012; 2011–2012 to 2013–2014; and 2013–2014 to 2015–2016, economic growth has presented hybrid (pro-poor and anti-poor) pattern across both communities of all agro-climatic zones of Punjab province in different periods. In the longer period of 2001–2002 to 2015–2016, economic growth has been pro-poor across both communities of all the zones apart from zone III (Cotton-Wheat Punjab); there is an anti-poor pattern of economic growth. Results for the decomposition of change in poverty further indicate that economic growth is a dominant factor in reducing poverty for all investigated zone. Moreover, a positive redistribution component reduces the beneficial impacts of economic growth for the poor more than for non-poor, that ultimately makes economic development patterns anti-poor in zone III. In the present study, we proposed two-fold policy implications. First, improve the living standard of households in each agro-climatic zone by increasing their incomes. Second, develop a precise taxation system that helps to reduce income disparities among upper-pro to lower-income groups.
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Sakamoto, Naoko, and Limin Yang. "BMI centile curves for Japanese children aged 5–17 years in 2000–2005." Public Health Nutrition 12, no. 10 (2009): 1688–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980008003832.
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AbstractObjectivesTo examine changes in the age-specific prevalence of overweight and obesity in Japanese children between 2000 and 2005 and compare Japanese centile curves with international ones.DesignA large, Japanese, representative cross-sectional growth study.SettingJapan.SubjectsJapanese children aged 5–17 years, including 669 986 subjects in 2000, 670 143 in 2001, 668 760 in 2002, 670 785 in 2003, 669 120 in 2004 and 668 234 in 2005.Main outcome measureBMI (weight/height2).ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 5–17 years decreased from 2000 to 2005 in both males and females, according to the definitions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the International Obesity Taskforce. For each year, the centile curves were drawn so that at age 17 years they passed through respectively 24·46 kg/m2 and 24·70 kg/m2 for males, and 29·41 kg/m2 and 29·69 kg/m2 for females, which are the BMI values at age 17 years from the international reference curves.ConclusionsThe study results indicate that centile curves can change according to the time of observation, thus suggesting that international reference curves therefore need to be regularly revised while including more data from a larger range of countries.
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Askildson, Lance R. "A Review of CALL and L2 Reading." International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching 1, no. 4 (2011): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcallt.2011100104.
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This paper provides a comprehensive review of the present state of second language reading research and computer-assisted glossing for reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition. Although computer-assisted language learning, in general, and computer-assisted glossing, in particular, are often cited as facilitative pedagogical and self-study tools for second language reading development (Chun, 2001; Al-Seghayer, 2003; Ko, 2005; Blake, 2007; Stockwell, 2011), the state of computer-assisted glossing research presents a much less compelling and far more nuanced picture of efficacy and facilitation (Ariew & Ercetin, 2004; Bowles, 2004; Taylor, 2006, 2009; AbuSeileek, 2008; Sato & Sazuki, 2010). Research on glossing for reading comprehension presents a mixed collection of findings suggesting facilitation (Leffa, 1992; Lomicka, 1998; Ko, 2005) and inhibition (Hegelheimer, 1997; Plass et al., 2003; Akbulut, 2005; Sakar & Ercetin, 2005), although affective and attentional benefits of glossing for reading comprehension are widely acknowledged. On the other hand, research on incidental vocabulary acquisition as a result of glossing – and particularly multimedia glossing – suggests significant effect and a compelling rationale for ulitization of glossing tools in classroom and self-study contexts (Ariew & Ercetin, 2004; AbuSeileek, 2008; Taylor, 2009; Stockwell, 2011; Aljabri, 2011).
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Mody, Lona, Kenneth M. Langa, and Preeti N. Malani. "Impact of the 2004-2005 Influenza Vaccine Shortage on Immunization Practices in Long-Term Care Facilities." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 27, no. 4 (2006): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/503179.
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Objective.To assess the response of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) to the 2004-2005 influenza vaccine shortage and the impact on resident and healthcare worker (HCW) immunization rates.Methods.A 12-item questionnaire was sent to 824 randomly selected LTCFs in December 2004. The following 2 open-ended questions were also asked: “How did you cope with the vaccine shortage?” and “Who helped you get your supply?” Immunization rates reported by LTCF administrators for 2003-2003 and 2003-2004 were compared with those for 2004-2005. Immunization rates were defined as the proportion of all eligible residents and HCWs who received influenza vaccine.Results.Responses were received from 380 LTCFs (46.3%), which had a total of 38,447 beds. Resident mean influenza immunization rates (±SD) decreased from 85% ± 15.3% in 2002-2003 and 85.1% ± 15.3% in 2003-2004 to 81.9% ± 19.4% in the 2004-2005 influenza season (P = .025). The immunization rates among HCWs also decreased from 51% in 2002-2003 and 2003-2004 to 38.4% in 2004-2005 (P<.001). In response to one of the open-ended questions, 96 facilities (25.3%) reported that they obtained vaccine from 2 or more sources. Eight percent commented on specific intensified infection control efforts, and only 2.3% commented on emergency preparedness.Conclusions.The influenza vaccine shortage in 2004-2005 impacted immunization practices of LTCFs across the United States, leading to decreases in both resident and HCW vaccination rates. The significant decrease in vaccination rates in LTCFs is of concern and has broad implications for policy makers working on emergency preparedness for a possible pandemic of influenza.
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Andreazzi, Cecilia S., Alexandra S. Pires, Clarissa S. Pimenta, and Fernando A. S. Fernandez. "Increased female reproduction favours the large-seeded palm Attalea humilis in small Atlantic Forest fragments." Journal of Tropical Ecology 28, no. 3 (2012): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467412000089.
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Palms are important components of tropical forest plant communities, due both to their abundance (Henderson et al. 2000) and to the network of interactions with their pollinators and dispersers (Henderson 2002, Zona & Henderson 1989). Forest fragmentation alters the biotic and abiotic conditions of habitats (Ewers & Didham 2006, Fahrig 2003) and it has been observed that Attalea palms increase their densities in disturbed sites (Aguiar & Tabarelli 2009, Andreazzi et al. 2012, Lorenzi et al. 2004). Increased light availability (Salm 2005, Souza & Martins 2004), changes in seed dispersal and predation patterns (Andreazzi et al. 2012, Pimentel & Tabarelli 2004, Wright et al. 2000), and ability to recover after disturbance (Souza & Martins 2004) are among the main mechanisms that have been proposed to explain enhanced palm densities. However, how altered conditions following disturbances influence the dynamics of flower and fruit production is still little understood.
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Islam, Md Nazrul. "Rainfall and Temperature Scenario for Bangladesh." Open Atmospheric Science Journal 3, no. 1 (2009): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874282300903010093.
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A regional climate model named Providing REgional Climates for Impacts Studies (PRECIS) adapted in generating rainfall scenarios for the SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) region. At first, PRECIS generated rainfall scenario is calibrated with ground-based observed rainfall during baseline period (1961-1990) in Bangladesh. The regression coefficients obtained through calibration are utilized for validation of PRECIS simulated rainfall during 2000-2006. PRECIS overestimated rainfall by 12.37%, 1.58%, 10.81%, 4.79 and 13.18% in 2000, 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2006 respectively. It underestimated by 0.64% and 10.84% in 2001 and 2004 respectively. On an average, PRECIS overestimated about 4.47% of surface rainfall. Better performance of PRECIS through validation encourages employing it in rainfall forecasting for Bangladesh. In the second step, rainfall and temperature forecast for Bangladesh is experimentally obtained for 2010-2020. This work discloses that the PRECIS simulated rainfall and temperature are not directly useful in application purposes. However, after performing calibration, acceptable result is obtained in estimating annual rainfall in Bangladesh with correlation coefficient is 0.90. Change of rainfall is forecasted from -0.99% (in 2013) to 5.3% (2018) for Bangladesh during 2010 - 2020.