Dissertations / Theses on the topic '21e siècle'
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Lipsky, Florence. "Le campus comme territoire spécifique et milieu de vie au 21e siècle : étude de cas japonais (19-20e siècle)." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS016S.
Full textWithin the field of Architecture and Environmental Design, and by applying Foucault’s “heterotopia” concept, this work examines the campus as a space that is different from other spaces. According to its defining principles, the American campus is a reference for highlighting major themes: community engagement, questions of Town and Gown, and nature’s role in university life. This reflection, nourished by personal experiences and many years of professional practice in France, leads to the hypothesis that living on a campus is a spatial experience that contributes to an individual’s education, and therefore, must be fully understood on a human scale. The research develops a vision of university space design in the 21st century, based on the notion of environmental surroundings and beginning with territorial dynamics. An analysis of the Japanese campus helps support this reflection. History serves as a privileged tool for understanding how places were shaped at the time of Heian (794-1185), Meiji (1868-1912), and Heisei (1989-)
Pionetti, Carine. "Le contrôle politique du vivant : l'industrialisation de la semence, facteur d'émancipation ou de marginalisation pour les paysans de l'Inde du Sud ?" Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE1051.
Full textAt the onset of the XXIst century, India is a home to almost one quarter of the rural world population. Rainfed farming is the primary means of livelihood in this country, where poverty remains a burning issue. A socio-anthropological approach is applied to the study of farmers' seed systems in the context of the semi-arid Deccan Plateau. In opposition to the non-monetary rationale of this local seed economy stands an industrial logic, as illustrated by the French seed industry. Eminently political in nature, the industrialisation of seed materialises through the institutionnalisation of new controls and by redefining power relations in the selection, production ans use of seed material. In the light of local constraints, the industrial seed system appears inappropriate in meeting the needs of small Indian farmers, and on the whole counter-productive in adressing livelihood issues in marginal environments. An alternative approach consists in developping a synergy between the industrial model and the localised seed systems that would create conditions for improving people's well-being as well as enhance farmers' innovation and biodiversity
Bibert, Céline. "Approche ethnologique d'un système divinatoire : l'astrologie contemporaine en France : croyances, pratiques et représentations." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30004.
Full textContemporary astrology, a thousand-year-old divinatory system, is the fruit of a mental state made of borrowings and adjustments. It is a practice of wich the legitimacy is contested, but also an alternative resort sometimes institutionaly integrated into our society. Astrology generates different discourses, customs and behaviours, and through these, it is a social reality which makes sens. The objectives of the present study is an analysis of close anthropology as appreciated from a distant and external point of view. Essentially, this research concentrates on aspects of astrology termed scholarly and its environment. It particularly focuses on the process of conversion to astrology - its nature, practices and effects. From a playful belief to constructed faith - wich proves to be a spiritual commitment and an adhesion to a particular mental system - astrology appears to be, for its followers, both a symbolical grid to interpret events and a mean of action upon them
Chaouche, Hamid. "Islam et laïcité : les représentations sociales chez les générations issues de l'immigration en France : le cas de l'immigration maghrébine." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA082809.
Full textOur study concerns the problems of Islam and Laïcité in France. We will try to seize the social representations which the generations resulting from Maghrebian immigration develop with matter of Islam and Laïcité in which these generations are largely implied seen the sociological characteristics and histories which characterize this population of Moslem confession. It is a question of seeing how the weight of these various generations composing this population exploits the fluctuations of the representations between the ones and others with an aim of determining the dynamics which chairs the operation of this reality in public space. Then, to determine all these problems of Islam and Laïcité, we will try to apprehend the representations of these generations concerning the various topics wrapped by these problems and which are increasingly resounding on public space. The case of the statute of the woman in Islam, the teaching of the religion in the school, the equipment of the places of work by rooms of prayer, of the Islam of the children and that of the parents
Bigot, Sylvie. "L'escorting : approche sociologique d'une forme de prostitution." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN1518.
Full textGürbüz, Beşek Zehra Yeşim. "Crédibilité et efficacité de la politique de ciblage d’inflation en Turquie sur la période 2002-2006." Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00298438/fr/.
Full textTurkey has adopted an implicit inflation targeting regime between 2002 and 2005, and then inflation targeting became explicit since 2006. My thesis’s objective is to examine the credibility and efficiency of this monetary policy and to see whether it has improved the credibility of Central Bank of Republic of Turkey. This policy change has proved to be efficient in the early years: the seigniorage effect has significantly decreased, the inflation rate has fallen below 10% and growth rate of GDP was over 6%. Our study demonstrates theoretically it is a monetary policy, which avoids the inflationary bias and combines various measures of credibility improvement. Credibility is measured by inflation expectations. The empirical analysis of inflation expectations is based on errors of prevision. Our results shows that the expectations are adaptive and private agents’ errors are smaller and smaller in time. The decreasing yield curve indicates that the financial markets anticipate a disinflation between 2002 and 2005, but the curve increases again in 2006. These findings indicate that certain credibility has been provided but it is fragile. The econometric analysis by VECM of joint process of Central Bank’s and secondary market’s key rates points out the existence of a long term equilibrium rate defined by Central Bank. Seo tests result that the unfavorable geopolitical shocks didn’t affect the rates’ dynamics but the opening of the negotiations for Turkey to join the EU enhanced the efficiency of monetary policy
De, Micheli Francesca. "Diversités culturelles et patrimoniales : une étude des musées au Maroc (XXIème siècle)." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0005.
Full textThis study analyses three parts : 1)to analyse heritage's concept in Morocco and his characteristic; 2) to define museum's concept in Morocco and his historic context; 3) to study the way to increase the museum's audiences (visitors). This study describes the Moroccan singularity of heritage and his relationship with the museum in the context of cultural democracy
Li, Man Jing. "Droit du travail et politique de l'emploi en Chine." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010267.
Full textBimbou, Louamba Andréa Miguel. "Le renouveau des sûretés réelles immobilières." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010314.
Full textVoillequin, Baptiste. "Contribution à l’histoire de la catalyse en France (1944-2004) : dynamiques disciplinaires et régimes de production de savoir." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100130.
Full textThis dissertation describes the emergence of a science of catalysis in France in the second half of the twentieth century. Following various advances in catalytic technology between 1930 and 1950, and in relation with oil industries, academic research on catalysis was strongly supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique from 1944 onwards. Until the mid 1980s, three distinct research schools promoted catalysis as an academic discipline in France. The Institut de recherches sur la catalyse headed by Marcel Prettre, founded in 1958 and equipped with sophisticated, soon gained national and international recognitions. In spite of this hegemony, the Institut français du pétrole and the research team conducted by Jean-Eugène Germain in Lille developed alternative and complementary research programs. In the 1970s, the focus on energetic and later environmental issues contributed to blur the boundaries between the three research schools. Under the leadership of Raymond Maurel, a single French community gradually emerged, reunified around the issue of “sustainable development” and cemented by the founder myth of Paul Sabatier. A new profile of catalysis emerged over the past decades, which no longer belongs to the disciplinary regime of academic science. Interdisciplinary research has been conducted in close relation with industrial demands and major geopolitical stakes. Thus catalysis became a paradigmatic case of technoscience
Ryfman, Philippe. "L' action humanitaire au XXIe siècle : univers professionnel et transnationalisation." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010328.
Full textTraoré, Moustafa. "L'intégration de la subculture musulmane en Grande-Bretagne au début du XXIème siècle : des principes à la réalité." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040203.
Full textThe case of the Muslim community living in the different cities of Britain casts a light on the difficulties of the British system of integration when it comes to culture and values. The complexity of the integration of the Muslim subculture within the British cultural landscape is partly linked to a racial and ethnic conception of what a Muslim is. Also, at the dawn of the XXI century it seems that the British system of integration still remains a bipolar one reflecting the past relationship between the former colonies and the royal Crown. Besides, the role of the media as well as that of the international politics in which Britain is involved are many an impediment undermining the relationship between the Muslim communities, mainly of Asian origin, and the host community in Britain. If, as it appears in this research, the movement of integration implies a bigger transformation of the integrating body, then, more tolerance and respect should be expected regarding the Muslim community of Britain. Its destiny through the principle of Ummah is also linked to that of other Muslims around the world. And finally, a generous and voluntary system of integration regarding the Muslim subculture in Britain in the XXI century is synonymous with a partial Islamization of the British society. But, is the British conception of multiculturalism and integration ready to accept such fact?
Zussa, Gaëlle. "Merlin, rémanences contemporaines d'un personnage littéraire médiéval dans la production culturelle francophone (fin 20e siècle et début 21e siècle) : origines et pouvoirs." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00462016.
Full textZussa, Gaëlle. "Merlin, rémanences contemporaines d’un personnage littéraire médiéval dans la production culturelle francophone (fin 20e siècle et début 21e siècle) : origines et pouvoirs." Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST0051/document.
Full textThe character Merlin, was born a long time ago from Welsh chronicles. Its literary origins go back to texts from the 12th century, first in Latin, then in French, in which he becomes Arthur’s famous adviser and acquires a great reputation among readers. Today, nine centuries later, the traditional Merlin is reborn, after Romanticism has forgotten him. The hero is still making us dream. He has become the main character of many works of the current francophone cultural production. This work analyses the contemporary persistence of the literary figure of medieval Merlin through two main themes: the origins and the powers. As a first step, a table of the medieval hero’s portrait is made according to the study of a novel’s corpus showing Merlin in the Middle Ages. Then, based on this table, whose structure builds the study plan, the hero’s contemporary persistence is analysed in detail through a corpus composed of elements from literature, cinema, theatre, comic books and Internet. The study of the origins (which includes the themes of the conception and the Woodwose or wildman’s tradition) shows mostly a modification of Merlin’s creator status, the devil, which is rationalized, paganised or deleted. This change is made to give importance to the Woodwose’s tradition, which already existed in the Middle Ages, but has become dominant in contemporary corpus. A detailed analysis of the Christian depreciation explains these narratological changes, which also affects the theme of powers (which includes the vision, the control over time and the control over space). In addition to their de-Christianization, the powers are considerably modernized thanks to the techniques of the various media. Consequently, they are demystified, which allows a finer identification with the reader-viewer. Thus, Merlin has become reachable, he does not scare any more like in the Middle Ages where his diabolical origin made him doubtful. He appears as a spokesman of a return to nature, as he had already been in the early medieval texts before his message was lost under the weight of the Christian domination. But today more than ever, the world needs examples, models to respect and love nature, whose future seems threatened. Merlin is the ideal messenger of a " naturist " conception of life and world. The contemporary writers understand this. Through his connection to the medieval world and his revisited portrait by the contemporary cultural production, Merlin attracts us, he makes us dream while reminding us of our own being through identification with this extraordinary character
Die Figur Merlin wurde vor langer Zeit aus walisischen Chroniken geboren. Seine literarischen Ursprünge stammen aus Texten des 12. Jahrhunderts die zuerst auf Lateinisch und danach auf Französisch waren. In diesen Texten ist der grossartige Berater von Arthur und erreicht dadurch Berühmtheit unter den Lesern. Neun Jahrhunderte später ist der traditionelle Merlin Wiedergeboren, nachdem er in der Romantik in Vergessenheit geriet. Der Held macht immer noch träumen und ist die Hauptfigur in etlichen Werken der zeitgenossischen frankophonen kulturellen Produktion. Diese Arbeit analysiert die zeitgenössischen Überbleibsel der mittelalterlichen Figur Merlin aus zwei Gesichtspunkten: der Herkunft und der Zauberkraft. Als erstes wurde eine Tabelle erstellt in der das Porträt des mittelalterlichen Helden, aufgrund von verschiedenen Werken, wo die mittelalterliche Figur Merlin erscheint, gezeigt wird. Diese Tabelle und seine Struktur sind die Grundlage unsere Studie. Die zeitgenössischen Remanenzen der literarischen mittelalterlichen Charakteristiken des Helden sind danach in der frankophonen kulturellen Produktion (Literatur, Film, Theater, Comics oder Internet) analysiert. Die Studie der Ursprünge (welche die Themen der Konzeption und der Tradition des wilden Mannes umfasst) zeigt hauptsächlich eine Änderung des Status des mittelalterlichen Vaters von Merlin (der Teufel), welcher rationalisiert, paganisiert und teilweise sogar gestrichen wird. Diese Änderung erfolgt zugunsten einer hervorgehobenen Darstellung der Tradition des wilden Mannes. Diese Tradition, die während des Mittelalters bereits erschien, steht im Vordergrund der zeitgenössischen Korpus. Eine detaillierte Analyse der Abwertung des Christentums erklärt die narratologischen Umbrüche, die auch den Bereich der Zauberkräfte betreffen (umfasst die Klarsicht, die Kontrolle über Zeit und Raum). Ausserdem wurden die Zauberkräfte dank den neuen Medien beträchtlich modernisiert und demystifiziert, was eine effiziente Identifizierung mit dem Leser-Zuschauer erlaubt Durch diese Entwicklung wird Merlin erreichbarer, macht keine Angst mehr im Gegensatz zum Mittelalter, wo ihn seine teuflischen Züge zweifelhaft machten. Er erscheint als Sprecher für eine Rückkehr zur Natur, wie das bereits in den ersten mittelalterlichen Texten der Fall war, bevor seine Botschaft unter der christlichen Herrschaft verloren ging. Heute, mehr denn je, braucht die Welt Beispiele, Modelle hinsichtlich Respekt und Liebe zur Natur deren Zukunft bedroht zu sein scheint. Merlin ist daher der ideale Kurier einer "naturistischen" Konzeption des Lebens und der Welt, was die zeitgenössischen Autoren deutlich verstanden haben. Durch seine Verbindung zur mittelalterlichen Welt sowie seiner Wiederauferstehung durch die zeitgenössischen kulturellen Produktionen, zieht er uns an und lässt uns träumen indem er uns an uns selber erinnert durch die Identifizierung mit dieser aussergewöhnlichen Persönlichkeit
Grouiez, Pascal. "Les stratégies des communautés et la régulation sectorielle et territoriale des configurations productives : le cas de l’agroalimentaire russe." Reims, 2010. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/droit_lettres/2010REIME007.pdf.
Full textThe end of the soviet system led to a reorganization of kolkhozes and sovkhozes. Despite these transformations, the agricultural operators have developed strategies to preserve non-market goods production. The decision to keep the former social role question the experts. Indeed, these behaviors create a priori less efficient economic performances. However, they help to maintain large corporate farms, which should not be compatible with the market. This way, Russian agriculture became heterogeneous, while the reforms should have mainly helped only the emergence of small farms. Our main thesis is that a sectoral regulationist approach, which considers that the actor have a specific rationality due to the fact that he is also a member of a community, allows to analyze the choice to product some non market goods. We have used the concept of “productive configuration” saw as a representation of the framework which organizes the coherence of some institutional elements (as market rules, territorial issues. . . ). Our empirical work in the oblast of Orel allowed us to represent the regulation of the agricultural sector as four “productive configurations”. We explained the plurality of the configurations as the result of the diversity of agreements consented by actors. These agreements allow each actor to maximize his interests according to his power and to reproduce the community to which he belongs to. To defend their individual and collective interests the actors create some legal structures which prevent the standard capitalism development in the Russian agriculture. These legal structures are based on the construction of the land as a collective patrimony
Mendy, Marcel. "Le rôle des nationaux dans la production des territoires touristiques sur le littoral et les îles de de l'Afrique de l'Ouest : les exemples de la Petite Côte sénégalaise et de l’île de Sal au Cap-Vert." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC009.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the role of local populations in production of the tourist areas in Senegal's Petite Côte and in the island of Sal (Cape Verde). It has its genesis in the context belote. In the 1960s and 1970s after the Independence, many African countries open to international tourism, hoping to draw hard currency to finance their development. But the numerous publications on the subject of international tourism in formerly so-called "Third World" reveal a marginalization of local populations. Hence the debater "enclave tourism" or "integrated tourism. "Today tourism accounts for 7% of the GDP in Senegal and the country receives an average of 500 000 tourists per year. In comparison the tourism sector of Cape Verde, with 300 000 visitors per year, accounts for 4% of the GDP. Given the importance of this activity, what is the role of local populations in its expansion in the area? Examples of Senegal's Petite Côte and the island of Sal in Cape Verde show that they have well appropriated this phenomenon. We wanted to study this trend from a research problem, with three hypotheses and methodology comprising: a literature review and survey and observation missions in the field research. The results show that the state and international investors have a leading role in tourism development but in the background, local populations contribute to its diversification and its extension in the territory. Consequently, there is a process of tourism specialization related to the orientation of people to service activities. Tourism also induces by its facilities and services a linear urbanization along the coast. Finally, the tourist areas, due to their economic, create conflicts of interest between the actors. They are also at the heart of environmental concerns in a coastal area facing the rising sea levels and the species survival
Martin-Sisteron, Hugues. "L' adaptation des exigences de l'ordre moral islamique aux opérations de financement de projet : perspectives pour le droit français." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010281.
Full textMohamadkaddour, Abdallah. "Pratiques éducatives parentales, adaptation sociale et réussite scolaire : comparaison interculturelle entre enfants syriens et français d’âge scolaire." Rennes 2, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00608443/fr/.
Full textThis work deals with the analysis of educational practices of the parents of students and the possible influence of the type of educational practices used on the social development and academic achievement of those students families in France and in Syria. 56 Syrian and 57 French parents, as well as 56 Syrian and 56 French children aged from 8 to 12 years old took part in this study. Their educational practices were studied with the help of a short questionnaire from “the Parental Authority Questionnaire” (PAQ) which was completed by parents in their homes and by children at school. A child’s social development was studied with the help of a short version of the “the Vineland Social Maturity Scale”; it is an academic achievement was studied with the help of questionnaire made by the author of this thesis. The tow aforementioned questionnaires were completed by the teachers. The results show that the same categories of educational practices (authoritarian, democratic and permissive) may be found both in France and in Syria; however, there are less correlations to be found between the answers grew by Syrian participants. They also show that parents’ educational practices and the child’s social development are significantly correlated. We have found a considerable interaction between the country, gender and educational practices. However, these practices are not correlated with the child’s academic achievement. The discussion of these results was based on the works which claim that parents’ educational practices and their influence vary according to the culture
Sempé, Gaëlle. "Le sport carcéral en France et au Canada : entre contraintes et libertés, un espace au coeur des (en)jeux de pouvoir." Rennes 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN20012.
Full textBased on a franco-canadian comparative approach, this sociological investigation attempts to analyze the prison environment by using the analysis filter of sport. The study tends to question this political disposition of sentence development through institutional strategies for each country. To better define the power stakes which structure this sports space, the study also makes out the structural constraints and the domination games which delimit freedom margins of actors. Finally, it permits to reconsider overall the international penal system and its management. Our empirical approach relies on a qualitative approach in several prisons in France and federal penitentiaries in Canada. Results of this study first show a significant difference on the prisoners autonomy into the sports organization. On one hand, in France, prisoners are relieved from aIl sports responsibilities. Sports instructor is the central actor who deals with prisoner' s limited negotiations. On the other hand, the canadian system opted for a sports space self-managed by prisoners employed in this sector. Ln a fust time, the prisoner seems to take full advantage of this policy contibuting to socialize him at the image of the external realities. However, this system also contains loopholes since it reproduces inequalities and increases the ratio of strength between dominant and dominated prisoners into prison space. At last, in both countries, the study shows that if sport is instrumentalized by administration as an efficient tool to control people, it may also be explained by the fact that it reDresents a Dfecious Dledge of freedom and resistance for Drisoners
Tremos, Dimosthenis. "La modernisation de l'administration publique irlandaise à l'aube du 21e siècle." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN1340.
Full textMakaga, Pea Vivien Patrice. "La souveraineté des Etats africains au 21e siècle : impératifs et menaces." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020027.
Full textColonization then independence require a deep knowledge of Africa in all its geographic, historical, demographic, ethnic, religious and political diversity. Where does Africa stand today as regards economic and political freedom and good governance? Independence has not been given to the people but was rather entrusted to the independence opponents and was maintained in their hands for almost 50 years. Power which is the independence’s concrete expression and sovereignty its symbol have been diverted and given to individuals chosen by the colonial power. Hence, through an intermediary, the colonizer was still in fact managing people’s fate. In order to free itself from dependence, Africa shall supply a tremendous effort by gathering its intellectual, spiritual, moral, material and scientific strengths. Since models cannot be copied, Africa-in order to achieve its goal-will have to build its own patterns from scratch and tailor them to suit various societies. Such models shall be implemented by national and local innovative stakeholders as well as States so-called “nurseryman”. By doing so, the youth will develop themselves through training, funding, organizational and association systems altogether constituent of ecosystem and mutual dependence within African territories. Digital revolution, information technologies and communication have been a game-changer both in Africa and in the rest of the world. Civil society rise in power by the assertion of people’s power is now manifest
Vivent, Céline. "La lutte contre le décrochage scolaire : de l’initiative locale à l’expérimentation sociale." Caen, 2013. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01424257.
Full textThe experimental approach is not completely new in France, in the field of public action, especially for the implementation of social programs. However, the experimental design knew a particular development with the 2008’ law generalizing the “revenu de solidarité active” –rSa, Active Solidarity Income – and the creation of the “Fonds d’Expérimentations pour la Jeunesse” – (FEJ, Fund of experiments for youth) which aimed at steering projects in favour of young people, among which those targeted at early school leavers. Innovation lies in the fact that social scientists steer these projects during the evaluation process. As social experiments aim at enhancing local initiatives in order to point out their utility and their ability to be generalised, one may wonder if they will allow the creation of new intermediate areas, which would make possible for the concerned actors (working in the area of social action or schooling, policy makers) to elaborate collectively common rules and solutions, whereas their fields of intervention are usually compartmentalized. While reminding that the issue of early school leaving is altogether a social, educational and political issue, this thesis tries to draw some transversal outlines out of four social experiments built for the struggle against drop-outing. Arising intermediate areas make appear four dimensions of the fight against early school leaving: the share of a definition of the prioritized public; the unequal spatial distribution of the social factors influencing the risk of dropping out; the individual timing of the “back-to-school” process; lastly the share of information relative to early leavers
Philippou, Maria. "Pratiques des langues et des espaces en situation de tension : Normes identitaires à Chypre." Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/thesePhilippou.pdf.
Full textCyprus is an island situated in the North-East of the Mediterranean. Since 1974, the year of the Turkish invasion of the north of the island, Cyprus has been divided into two parts, North and South: South Cyprus is mainly inhabited by Greek Cypriots and North Cyprus is mainly inhabited by Turkish Cypriots. Greek, Turkish and English are the official languages in Cyprus. Cypriot language is the mother tongue of Cypriots. Territory in Cyprus cannot be described as homogeneous from a sociolinguistic and a cultural point of view; the social discourse presents it as fragmented and broken by history. It is also marked by a “hiérarchisation” on several levels: urban territory vs rural territory, popular district vs middle class district and Greek Cypriot territory vs Turkish Cypriot territory. An additional sociolinguistic fracture between the East and the West of the island should not be ignored: it concerns the use of Greek, described as “correct”, against its supposedly “non-correct” use. Our main objective, in doing this research, is the study of the identity standards of the island since its two principal communities are described as being in a situation of tension. In general, we wish to examine the sociolinguistic situation in Cyprus: between standards and actual practices. We are particularly interested in the sociolinguistic “territorialisation” of languages, of territories and of identities in Cyprus. On the one hand, we are interested in the social practices and discourses of Greek Cypriots about the territory, which is correlated with languages and also about the relations, which are described as close, between the Greek and the Cypriot languages. On the other hand, we are interested in intercommunity relations, described as being complex
Mecherour, Chahrazed. "Les PME algéro-françaises : aspects juridiques, fiscaux et économiques." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010321.
Full textKueny, Claire. "Sculptures d’ombres : l’ombre projetée dans la sculpture à partir des années 1980." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080064.
Full text“Shadow sculptures” are works of art where artists use projected shadows as a material. All works are composed with a basic projection device, and comprised of at least, a light source, a screen and an object. The shadow-pictures, still or moving, appear by the object’s interception of light. Since the 80’s, projected shadows have multiplied in sculpture. In addition, artists use them to enhance their picture quality. Inspired by the works from the beginning of the 20th century (such as László Moholy-Nagy’s Light-Space Modulator (1922-1930)), shadow sculptures stand between photography, cinema and sculpture, between sculpture and picture and between sculpture and projection. They use their technical vocabulary and their vision modality. This specificity distinguishes shadow sculptures from sculptures in the past few decades that preferred the sensorial quality of light and shadows. It also gives the opportunity to question the medium sculpture, which has been constantly (re-)defined since the late 60’s. Lastly, this specificity of shadow sculptures positions them in the context of the 80’s that they question and reflect. Artwork analyses, the definition of the medium sculpture, the study of the historical period beginning in the 80’s and the exploration of the shadows’ polysemy are the four principal elements investigated in the following PhD. They all participate to define shadow sculptures as a singular medium
Buyck, Jennifer. "La fabrique contemporaine des métropoles en France : pays, paysage et paysans." Lille 3, 2010. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01734912.
Full textOur work questions the contemporaneous invention of French metropolis through the notions of "pays" ("country"), "paysage" ("landscape") and "paysan" ("farmer"). In order to do this, we focused first on the values of contemporaneous urbanity by analizing landscape and metropolis together. In such a framework, landscape as metropolis are completely changing. A necessary restructuring of spatial anticipation practices has to be investigated. In thix context, we questioned afterwoods - through two investigations led in parallel - the sens and the role of landscape in French and contemporaneous practices of metropolitan planning. Landscape, as a complex projection of a land, seemed able to considerably impact practices of metropolitan invention. Moreover, these individual and collective representations of land bring to light the existence of a new urban mythology in which the figure of farmers convey the idea of a new way to live, to dream and to invent cites and metropolises
Bourdaa, Mélanie. "L'interactivité télévisuelle, ses modalités et ses enjeux : Comparaison de programmes Etats-Unis--France." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30020.
Full textSince the introduction of new technologies and the implementation of interactivity in TV broadcasts, televisual practices and consumption of TV broadcasts by TV viewers have been modified. They have acquired the technical skills and they were given the technological tools. With them, they are able to create a more personal television environment and free themselves from the rigidity of the TV programmings. They are more and more active in the decoding of reality-shows, political debates or TV series and they use the interactivity in order to dive into an endless experience of reception, thanks to the forums and the virtual communities for example. On the other hand, producers create overt or obscure strategies of manipulations in their shows in order to invite the TV viewers to participate and keep control over their broadcasts. Interactivty symbolises the entrance in a new televisual era. What are its characteristics from the producers' point of view and from the TV viewers'? What are at stake in this new television, and particularly what are the consequences for the social relations?
Kim, Hyun Jung. "Le principe de la liberté de la haute mer à l'époque actuelle." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010256.
Full textNanchi, Alexandre. "Vers un statut des minorités en droit constitutionnel français." Lyon 3, 2003. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2003_out_nanchi_a.pdf.
Full textThis thesis provides a study of the possibility of conciliation between French constitutionnal law and the recognition of a status for minorities. A right balance between dealing with citizens' differences, and respecting the fundamentals of french law, can be reached through a new interpretation of the principles of unity and equality. Starting with a definition of the minority, and a study of the notions of territory, normative power, race and the right to differ, the thesis demonstrates how minorities' rights have been integrated into the national legal order. Nationals, members of a minority, can see themselves having a specific territorial link, along with cultural, linguistic and religious caracteristics which distinguish them from the majority group. An official statute could determine the limits of this integration, whilst insuring respect for the structure of the Republic
Chataignier, Frédéric. "Les éditions Alain Moreau et la Pensée Universelle : un essai d'industrialisation du compte d'auteur dans les années 1970-1990." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS006S.
Full textSelf-taught, with the professional and political course atypical and without any experiment in the trades of the book, Alain Moreau hardly seems intended to become editor. However, with the house founded into 1972 which bears its name and thanks to its works denouncing the great scandals of the Ve Republic, Alain Moreau will be one of the most media editors of France. But this company could not have been born and thrive without « La Pensée Universelle », the founded firm two years more early by the same Alain Moreau, and who will publish during twenty years of the thousands of authors, with their own expenses. « La Pensée Universelle » [The Universal Thougt] is not only the first compagny on of the authors account in vast quantities nature. It also call us to the deficiencies of the law of March 11, 1957 on the Author’s copyright and artistic, and on the capital part played by the writing for a broad part of the French population. The methods of this company, as well as the publication of discussed works such Suicide, mode d’emploi, will induce Alain Moreau to cease his editorial activities in 1990. This is the narration of the tumultuous career of an editor, and this study wants to be also a reflection on a practice, like the author’s account, considered as a plague in France, but which could become again of topicality with the development of Internet
Rayaleh, Hassan-Omar. "La gestion d'une pénurie : l'eau à Djibouti." Orléans, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ORLE1052.
Full textSince the creation of Djibouti at the end of nineteenth century until today, the requirements out of water for the city were always higher than the offer. In this context of structural shortage, during first half of twentieth century, the lack of water in the city was worsened by the mode of management of the service which privileged economic probability with the detriment of the general interest of the colony. Since 1950, the water service was nationalised by the local authorities which gave themselves the means of improving its quality in order to face the new economic and social situation of the colony. But since the independance, the lack of water in the city is accentuated by a high demographic growth which maintains the rising of the request. Today, in front of the persistence of the shortage, the National Office of Water of Djibouti set up a strategy of management based upon the unequal supply of the users, the limitation of the consumption and the recognition of the informal of water organization. This pragmatic policy contributes to the emergence of a social model of management of the shortage in which all the actors find their account, for the time being
Watterloo, Jacques. "Réforme de l'emploi et évolution de la protection sociale en Chine de 1978 à 2008 : les droits des travailleurs dans une économie socialiste de marché." Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30072.
Full textWith the spectacular development of China, this research tries to see social protection as the central element of subject. This study of the Chinese market of work, through great tranformation of institutions allow us to bring out the precocity of work, and the lock of social protection which benefits to the worker but this protection does not limit to redundancy payment, disease compensation and retirement compensation, it is also to envisage the organisation of health, education and housing services which until now are given by public enterprises, moreover, the analysis imbalance inland market shows the rural migrations reasons in China and their consequences in rich countries and cities. New laws on work contracts, on societies and on bankruptcy, and the application of new rules of work, condition a certain workers protection. But the employment uncertainty, a social limited, the disinterest for rural people, speculation abuses, the corruption and every accident incite irremediably a social break and the rise of manifestations that worry the Chinese managers. It is also essential to develop the inland work, to extend gradually the social protection to the whole country, to reform pensions, to expand the insurances and to give it to everyone. Workers protection is also to establish an affective system of enterprise government and to enforce laws which governs them, the stability of firms its an employment security and a quality of life for Chinese workers
Chaari, Inés. "Les modalités du financement des entreprises dans un cadre de faible développement financier : le cas de la région Moyen-Orient Afrique du Nord." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010004.
Full textPincent, Guillemette. "La réhabilitation des quartiers précoloniaux dans les villes d'Asie Centrale : étude de cas de Tachkent et de Boukhara (Ouzbékistan)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040147.
Full textIn Uzbekistan, in Tashkent and Bukhara, the pre-colonial neighborhoods or Eski Chahar (“old town” in Uzbek) are modified, rehabilitated. Rehabilitation is a complex process, which aims at giving value to the built heritage. It is based on some values, at times complementary or contradictory, dictated by the Government, then accepted or rejected by the private parties. What are the values lauded by the Uzbek public sector, by the inhabitants and the international organisations ? How do these different parties interact ? How are their rehabilitation projects deployed ? Thanks to the crosschecking of rare existing documents and thanks to the creation of new references (field observation, interviews, enquiry, and cartography), it is possible to establish that Eski Chahar are the palimpsests of a disarticulated power relationship. The public parties impose a rehabilitated city following ideological or economic values. The inhabitants look for comfort, modernity, foreign currency and social prestige. Only few people and international organisations try to take into account the historic value of the built heritage, but their political, technical and financial methods are not enough. Eski Chahar is then a confrontation ground for many logics and for atomised agents, in a city where rehabilitations show their limits : the dysfunctions persist and the historical value of the pre-colonial neighborhoods is only considered as secondary by powerless agents
Begin, Johanne. "Insécurités : une interprétation environnementale de la violence au Ouaddaï (Tchad oriental)." Paris 1, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00406684.
Full textRobine, Jérémy. "Banlieue et nation : enjeux géopolitiques : la nation et les citoyens issus de l'immigration en France : ghettos, identité nationale, question post-coloniale." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083056.
Full textThe 2007 presidential election mostly revolved around the national identity issue. This dissertation aims at demonstrating how a geographic phenomenon - the constitution of "ghettos" located at the periphery of major French cities - contributed to shape a new national identity issue. France faces severe challenges in terms of national cohesion and minority integration, particularly of Arab and black French people, that can be traced to the "ghettos". Those challenges will be analyzed through two detailed case studies : the November 2005 riots and their media coverage and a local engagement with the grassroots organizaton ACLEFEU. In addition, the author has conducted extensive field work, interviewing with local actors and close monitoring of various political movements. This dissertation also gives an overview of the different advocacy groups and grassroots organizations involved in the national identity debate and discusses the concept of a "postcolonial issue" in France
Damamme, Aurélie. "Le genre à l'épreuve du développement au Maroc : discours et pratiques concernant la place des femmes dans les projets." Orléans, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ORLE1064.
Full textThis thesis is analysing the consequences of development on gender relationships in Morocco. It is focused on the place of women as "targets" and actors in the projects of various associations and non governmental and international organizations. Studying gender relationships in the political, economical and social fields in Morocco has allowed us to understand better women's opportunities of action as well as their restrictive access to the public sphere. The recognition by the United Nations of the equality of men and women has served as a catalyst for women's rights defense associations in the country. Yet, the discourses of international organizations for development show the difficulty there is in grasping relationships between men and women in terms of power. The same reservations can be seen in Moroccan associations. Most of them favour small local projects to promote women's integration. Generally speaking, the female household is a priviledged path to evoke women's place in the community without endangering gender relations. The analysis of women's place in economical development projects reveals that "income generating activities" are more opportunities to create space for women's expression than opportunities to rise their income substantially. Nevertheless, some projects such as those maid in the micro finance field and in argan oil cooperative societies make a rising of the standard of living possible. All things considered, women's access to social and political citizenship remains limited
Maurin, Cristelle. "Les investissements chinois dans l'industrie minière globale." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010325.
Full textToghranegar, Hasan. "La politique criminelle iranienne à l'épreuve du crime organisé : l'exemple du trafic de drogue." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010279.
Full textDesouches, Olivier. "Piazza Vittorio, des chinois qui mènent à Rome : défis diasporiques globalisés et conflits de territorialisation identitaire." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20008.
Full textThe Chinese community studied in this thesis originates from Wenzhou, South of the Zhejiang province ; it settled in the Piazza Vittorio area after this site, located since Ancient Rome on the Esquilino Hill, was restored. The Chinese settlement benefited also from the transfer of the obsolescent open–air Piazza Vittorio market, removed in 2001 to more convenient locations, near the train station Termini. The analysis of this settling process is based on Roman newspapers articles and interviews with residents and locals authorities. It brought forward accurate ethnographical reports of the area and maps showing the expanse of food and clothes businesses. Local residents, mostly petty pensioners and ageing shop-keepers view this invasion over language and territory as a threat toward their Roman identity. They hold the Chinese immigration responsible for the increasing local crime rate and fear the conquering and enterprising spirit of a so closely knit community. The Local Council authorities - mostly left Democrats – were either supportive towards non European minorities ( they organized the election of Alien Residents representatives and civil rights clinics for minorities ) either coercive demanding the enforcement of sanitation and security rules , the use of Italian language for labeling , strict control over illegal immigration and sweat labour. The failure of the local citizens laboratory, set up as a means for mediation between communities, should not however cancel the success of the multi-cultural orchestra Piazza Vittorio
Shoshara, Fahed. "La modernité dans la peinture arabe contemporaine : étude chronologique et analytique." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30074.
Full textThis research describes explicitly a historical and analytical overall study of the contemporary Arabic plastic reality since its birth, beginning from the 20th century until now. The study raises questions about the fate of the Arabic plastic art starting from its identity and its contemporary actuality, which includes different aspects beginning with the plastic movements, whether in the form of artistic groupings as syndicates, artistic schools or experimental attempts in the field of painting to plastic art criticism. This is in order to evaluate their ability to ensure their continuity and capacity to communicate with the outside world. The researcher has also divided the Arab world in four provinces that are closer to one another enable to study them in term of their geographical and historical proximity as follows: The first part: paintings in the Middle Eastern countries: This includes countries of the Red sea (Egypt, Soudan and Yemen), other part countries like (Palestine, Lebanon and Jordan). The second part: painting in the Maghreb countries like (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Libya). The third part: painting in the Gulf countries and West Africa (Iraq, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Somalia, Djibouti, Comorian Islands) The forth part: The tourism advertisement and the researcher’s own experience
Contient aussi un résumé en arabe
Nzue, Ondo Jean-Noël. "Modernisation et redéfinition du rôle des forces armées et de sécurité en Afrique noire francophone : Pour une dynamique de paix et de sécurité à long terme : les cas de la Côte d'Ivoire et du Gabon." Toulouse 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10056.
Full textLe, Moigne Claire. "Texte, paratexte et intertexte : le cas du roman policier italien des années 2000." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100119.
Full textThe growing popularity of detective fiction on the Italian literary scene brings up the question of the renewal and the identity of a very diverse production. In the first decade of the twenty-first century, the phenomenon of genre contamination and the influence of technological or scientific progress co-exist with traditional elements such as the crime and the investigation. The tension between the need to innovate and the demand for readability determine the horizon of expectation of the reader. The reader's uncertainties are integrated with the different elements Chat extend the communication around the narratives and that form the paratext. These elements situated on the periphery of the text make it easier to grasp the evolution of a genre as they bring together the creative processes, issues related to description, and critical discourses. Likewise, they make it possible to bring into relation fiction and the referential world of the reader. Putting such a process into perspective also entails the intensification of intertextual practices. Thus, citations and allusions abound in a fictional universe characterized by its self-reflexive dimension. It is a matter of increasing the combinatorial potential of the work, independently of the resolution of the criminal plot, by means of embedded texts and the mise en abyme of writing. The quest for a cause that is the responsibility of the heroes of the stories of Marcello Fois, Carlo Lucarelli, Loriano Macchiavelli, Andrea Camilleri, Massimo Carlotto or Giorgio Todde, helps to situate a new the personality of the author at the centre of a network of factual and literary knowledge that constitutes a polymorphic referent
Şova, Anamaria. "Intégration économique de la Roumanie à l'Union européenne : commerce et investissement." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010083.
Full textKhalessi, Mohsen. "Les conflits de politique criminelle : l'exemple de l'Iran." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010261.
Full textPayre, Karine. "Représentations et fonctions de l’exil espagnol en France et de l’émigration économique vers l’Allemagne au XXe siècle dans la littérature espagnole du XXIe siècle." Besançon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BESA1037.
Full textThis work means to study the representations that are illustrated in novels about the exile from Spain to France and about economic emigration (1960-1970) to France and especially to Germany. Those themes have been mostly dealt with in Spanish literature since the Javier Cercas’ best seller publication, Soldados de Salamina. Javier Cercas greatly influenced the narratives about exile and emigration thanks to such use as investigation method for example. Those works afford an essential additional information with regard to historians research on exile and emigration. Finally, these narrative representations, sometimes in harmony and other times in discrepancy concerning those found in previous literature, aim at the same purpose: understanding the present immigration to Spain, and therefore, understanding the Other and their own identity
Pin, Diop Raphaëlle. "Spatialisation du risque de transmission de la Fièvre de la Vallée du Rift en milieu agropastoral sahélien du Sénégal septentrional." Orléans, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00090785.
Full textRift valley fever (RVF) is an emerging zoonotic arbovirose, mainly affecting man and ruminants. Predicting high risk areas is an important stake of this disease's control, as neither specific treatments nor efficient prevention programs exist. In the agropastoral sahelian area of Senegal, the rainy season is the high-risk period, when hosts and vectors gather around temporary flooded ponds. Virus transmission mechanisms are complex, since they imply at least two different vector species with particular ecologies (Aedes vexans and Culex poicilipes), and sedentary or transhumant hosts. The Barkedji district is an enzootic area. In order to assess the risk level, defined as host-vector contact intensity during the rainy season, we set up a model predicting livestock herds spatial distribution, from satellite and field data. Then temporary ponds, the vectors' biotope, were detected on a series of SPOT5 images and used to assess relative vector abundance. Those data were then assembled in a model, allotting to each pixel of the study zone a relative risk level, accounting to herds density, vector abundance and vegetation cover. Our results are encouraging, although the model has to be improved and validated. The main interest of our study is to present a specific methodological approach, applied to health-environnement matters and based on the study of the interactions between the epidemiological cycle elements and the environment. We also hope that, in a close future, it will become helpful to the senegalese RVF monitoring network
Sagnard-Haddaoui, Nadine. "La nouvelle condition ouvrière : de l'extension des modes de domination patronale aux nouvelles formes de résistances ouvrières : entre fuite, zèle et résignation." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20073.
Full textOur essay on the changes in the condition of workers shows management of stronger type in "modernized" firms where workers are more closely controlled, hence entering the disappearance of the relative balance between managers' domination and the labour force, as at the time of the "Fordist compromise". The economic, technological, and social reorganization following the crisis of the 1970s resulted in workers' collectives being dismantled, in class solidarity vanishing, and in unions getting weaker. The "modern" firm has lost its integrative function by making jobs temporary and replacing them according to economic circumstances. Since then, the new balance has been favourable to managers. The traditional forms of workers' resistance have been harmed by the new management method where social control is omnipotent. To counteract the reinforcement of managers' control, new forms of rebellion have appeared : there are defensive rather than offensive, secret, and above all individual rather than collective. Temporary wage-earners, fearing social exclusion, have very little liberty left; the least resigned of them try to make the most of it. This movement is hardly controlled by the management and is a tool for reconquering the self-esteem that was lost in such firms where economic stakes outclass people's lot
Monteiro, de Barros Paula Cristina. ""Je tournais en rond dans la rue" : quel point d'ancrage pour le sujet adolescent en situation de rue ?" Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC078.
Full textThe presence of "street kids" denounces the social exclusion of children and adolescents that wander the streets, in a trajectory that prevails transgression, violence, destructivity, through which the subject persists to exist for the Other. This thesis is a result of questionings from a clinical practice in an institution. This thesis envisions to analyze what could be related to an anchorage and enlacing in the wander of homeless adolescents, based on the traces that make them unique and detached from the universe of "street kids". We propose the hypothesis that the wander, regardless of the subjective degradation and the expulsion, could constitute a movement of life and resistance, an emergence of the subject. Based on the psychoanalytic Trace of the Case, this research was guided by two clinical cases, from what constituted an intervention's stumble and its effects in the listening process. Guided by the Freudian Aufhebung and the Lacanian borromean knot, we highlight a reality characterized by the fraying of time and space, a dilution of boundaries, a prevalence of the Real. The proposition of a borromean clinic places the institution as a symbolic reference; a substitute that functions, utilizing the word as a resource, as a repair to the lapses of the knot. This is about a construction that transgresses what is institutionalized about exclusion, knowledge, and established clinical practice. It aims, through an inventive act, a trajectory from the "wound of the exclusion" to the draft of a trace, through a symbolic nomination; a "between space" that promotes the knot and the social engagement; a source of anchorage for whom "used to go rolling through the street"
Breka, Jean Noël Ouraga. "Mise en place d'une logistique verte : (Technique d'optimisation de l'émission du CO2 d'une plate-forme distributeur vers les sites du client : une application au secteur agroalimentaire français)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010027.
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