Dissertations / Theses on the topic '(2nd : 1990 : Paris, France)'
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Dietrich-Ragon, Pascale. "Le logement intolérable : habitants et pouvoirs publics face à l'insalubrité." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0031.
Full textFor a few years, the housing issue and, within it, the damaged housing question, has been appearing the news. In Paris, a voluntarism policy against insaIubrity has been set up since 2002. 11us thesis focuses on 'the "careers" of those living in houses targeted by such policy. It studies the movement of this population from one house to another, but also its experiences and specific relationships to institutions. This thesis is based both on a survey, done twice in two years, with a sample of more than 500 people living in poor conditions, and on an ethnographical work. Between the lines, this work questions social policies based on emergency, which focus on marginal problems, and on their more extreme manifestations
Picot, Pauline. "L'heure de nous-mêmes a sonné". Mobilisations antiracistes et rapports sociaux en Ile-de-France (2005-2018)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/PICOT_Pauline_2_complete_20190315.pdf.
Full textThis research is based on the ethnographic study of the day-to-day activities (observation and interviews) of several antiracist activist groups, and content analysis of their written productions. It focuses on antiracist groups from the Paris region : the Brigade anti-négrophobie, the Conseil représentatif des associations noires, the Parti des Indigènes de la République, the network Reprenons l’initiative contre les politiques de racialisation and the organization committee for the annual Journées contre l’islamophobie. Combining theoretical frames from the sociology of collective action and the sociology of race, gender and class relations, the thesis is centered on the analysis of the division of militant labour within those groups. The first aim is to explain how such mobilisations emerged, by replacing them in the particular political context of the early 2000’s and situating them within the previously established antiracist field ; but also by showing how this context interacts with the social trajectories of the activists. The second aim is to examine the effects of collective action on those who participate, or in other words, the products of antiracist action.Indeed, these collectives have been intiated in the 2000’s by French activists, « heirs » of the (post)colonial immigration. They participate in the struggle for (counter) hegemony regarding the definition of racism and antiracism in France. Thereby, antiracist mobilisation produces its own intellectuals, who themselves elaborate social theory. Moreover, the different forms of militant labour (intellectual/domestic/emotional, visible/invisible) constitute entries to study the ways in which social relations of power – mainly race, gender and class relations – manifest within the course of collective action, but also how they are being reshaped. Finally, these antiracist mobilisations also imply the use of racial categories as self-categorization. Fueled by the activists’ emotional labour, this process of identification opens the possibility for racialized minority groups to become a group or a class « for itself », or in other words, a process of communalisation
Gravereau, Sophie. "Artistes de Belleville : entre monde de l'art et territoires urbains." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0096.
Full textRecent studies have highlighted the role of artists in the social and urban evolution of certain neighbourhood of big cities: artists are often considered to be the instigators or even the main actors of the renewal of these areas which were previously mostly working-class districts. Artists deciding to move to Belleville, a former working-class area in north-east Paris, have progressively changed the face of the neighbourhood. Architecturally they have participated in the renovation of numerous run down industrial buildings, sometimes with the help of local associations and then the local government. Economically, artists established in the former boutiques of artisans have sometimes led to the transformation of the commercial landscape of certain roads in the neighbourhood. Finally, from a sociological point of view, the presence of artists, has promoted the district through artistic attractions and the organisation of cultural events, thus contributing to the transformation of the local fabric and encouraging a new, wealthier population to settle in the area. This local role, promoted by the numerous artistic associations of artists in Belleville, is also supported by the local government as it seeks an additional way to put the finishing touches to its policy of urban renewal in the working class neighbourhoods. These artistic associations have been instrumental in both the urban and social renewal, nevertheless they are often forgotten in artistic and cultural politics. The artists of Belleville therefore wonder what is at stake in this new urban role which calls into question their status as creators and their artistic identity. The aim of this thesis is to clarify the implications of being an artist in Belleville nowadays and the ways in which they have participated, actively or passively, in the evolution and transformation of the neighbourhood
Górczyńska, Magdalena. "Zmiany zróznicowan spolecznych i przestrzennych w wybranych dzielnicach Warszawy i aglomeracji paryskiej : dynamika i aktorzy." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010569.
Full textEndelstein, Lucine. "Une géographie du renouveau religieux : judaïsme et expérience urbaine en quartier cosmopolite : Paris, 19e arrondissement." Poitiers, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008POIT5006.
Full textThis thesis explores how religious revival takes part in urban changes, by the emergence of new religious places, of new uses of space, and sometimes of new neighbourhoods. On Paris, since the 1990's, the 19th district concentrates the highiest number of jewish places. As it is marginally a district of jewish immigration, it leads to investigate the role of religion in the construction of new centralities and in the urban experience. This research used qualitative methods, by interviewing actors of the jewish religious revival and non-jewish inhabitants, by observing the uses of space linked to religious observance, and by analyzing the multiple forms of visibility of judaism. By describing the grouping processes that associate religious, residential and commercial aspects, we could show that these recomposed neighbourhoods are not a spatial traduction of a community unity. On the contrary, they proceed from the diversity within the group, and they are discontinuous and loose spaces
Chauvel, Séverine. "Des politiques aux pratiques d'orientation : enquête ethnographique dans deux collèges de banlieue." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0003.
Full textThe school counselling procedure, taking place at the end of middle school, is a major educational and social filter that pupils have to go through in their early educational life. School counselling pratices, wich have been evolving in time admist various institutional frameworks, are now at the center of teacher's daily work and constitutive of the policies for a general increase in the duration of studies and better educational equity. This thesis is based on an ethnographic study that took place over two years within two middle schools of the same city, in the suburbs of Paris, and within the families of the pupils. Its aim is to show the necessity to take into account both the social background and the locally available educational opportunities in order to understand the mechanisms that underlie the choices of educational carrers made by pupils. The thesis reveals various sources of tension between the practitioners of school counselling. They arise in particular because pupil guidance is a vector of the evaluation culture and a major stake in the context of competition between schools, wich appears more organized by the institution itself than a consequence of a strategy of the families. In cautiousness from the pupils and their families, wich translates into an educational disinflation that impacts their career objectives. Parental strategies derive from various forms of resistance or mobilization, wich, in addition to being gender dependent, vary also depending on the cultural capital that is available to the families and hence tends to draw borders between different social and ethical groups
Mainsant, Gwénaëlle. "L'État et les illégalismes sexuels : ethnographie et sociohistoire du contrôle policier de la prostitution à Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0070.
Full textCombining ethnographic, press, and archival materials, this thesis offers a socio-historical and sociological analysis of the police control of prostitution in Paris between 1946 and 2008. From the perspective of the police, the thesis highlights the absence of a unified and coherent sexual policy. The sociohistory of the vice squad shows that the issue of “vice” in the police control gradually waned during the 2nd half of the 20th century. The loi pour la sécurité intérieure, in effect since 2003, constitutes a case in point for studying, through the analysis of different professional groups, a legal framework that is contradictory and indeterminate : police routines and professional hierarchies produce the law from the bottom up. Moreover, this research contributes to a political and moral anthropology : the tension between compassion and repression that is inherent to contemporary prostitution policies is analyzed through the practices of “street-level bureaucrats” of moral evaluation and categorization of individuals. This enables a nuanced description of how the moral and professional dimensions intersect in the daily interactions that constitute the police control of prostitution. By paying close attention to categorization processes, the research elucidates how the police definition of prostitution contributes to producing gender for both the controlled populations and those who control. By analysing the ways in which the police’s professional rhetoric absorbs the public discourse as well as the production and circulation of the police’s know-how, it shows how the State develops its categories of thought “from the bottom up” in the case of the prostitution control
Hachimi-Alaloui, Myriam. "L'épreuve de l'exil : le cas des Algériens installés en France et au Québec." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0119.
Full textLechaux, Bleuwenn. "Scènes et répertoires des engagements des mondes du théâtre : une comparaison New York-Paris." Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1G037.
Full textThis research deals with theatre professionals’ involvements in political causes, in France and the United States (mainly Paris and New York), specifically since the 1990s. Our main argument consists in demonstrating that the involvements of theatre artists are professionally structured. This questioning enables us to cast light both on involvements through the prism of theatre professions, and on theatre professions through the prism of involvements. The thesis aims to demonstrate that the types (« professional », « peri-professional », « extra-professional »), the modalities (individual, collective) and the forms of involvements (petition, artistic street action, « activist » play, « political » play) can be explored through the lens of the double positioning of artists, both in the theatre field (professional hierarchies, differentiated systems of legitimization and artistic recognition, etc. ), and within their artistic career (beginning of career, « ascending career », well-established career). By inviting analysis of transversal and idiosyncratic realities, comparative research enables us to put theoretical hypotheses to the test, and, thereby, makes possible the transition from a descriptive to an analytical point of view. The architecture of the thesis combines the dimensions of the professional structuration of involvement in different ways : first, the macro-structural level, both historic and spatial (part I) ; then, the level of trajectories and professional and involvement careers (part II) ; and finally, the level of the artistic forms of involvement (part III)
Méraud, Nathalie. "Patrimoine et Plan local d'urbanisme à Paris : A nouvelles protections, nouveaux patrimoines ? (2001-2006)." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070040.
Full textOctober 2001, the city of Paris creates the concept of the Local Plan of Urban Planning (LPUP), in replacement of the older Occupation Plan of Grounds. The LPUP must determine the use and occupation of grounds for the next ten to twenty years. Due to the evolution of the concept of heritage on one of the hand, and urban politics on the other hand, the LPUP of Paris, in accordance to the article L. 123-1 §7° of the Town Planning code, can now identify and protect the built heritage. The city invites Parisians, in particular via the new district Council and residents associations, to take part in the construction of LPTP. In June 2006, at the conclusion of a vast dialogue and public Survey which follows, it is not less than 6000 goods that are protected under the title of « Protections Ville de Paris » (Protections from the City of Paris) (PVP). These goods, because they where reported important regarding the history of Parisian architecture, will have to be valorized. Moreover, they're demolition is forbidden by the rule of LPUP. These 6000 PVP are to be brought closer to 1800 other goods already protected under the title of Historical Monuments in Paris. If these last named goods are recognized as most prestigious, and of a national scale, the PVP as put in value an heritage, admittedly local and more modest, but which the participation to the construction of Paris is obvious
Adihartono, Wisnu. "Migration et soutien familial : le cas des gays indonésiens à Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2015. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01231844.
Full textIt is undeniable that violence and harassment are problems that affect all forms of homosexual communities worldwide. As individuals, homosexuals are still not accepted as full citizens. From this research, it could be seen that there are thousands of years, Indonesia gives permission to the existence of homosexuals, but nowadays Indonesia rejects their existence. The social representation of homosexuality brought the Indonesian society to distinguish or to categorize from the point of view of "gender belief system". This research analyzes the migration and family support to Indonesian gays in Paris. To do this research, I used the qualitative method with "face-to-face" interview. I interviewed twenty Indonesian gays in Paris with their trance age from 24 to 42 years, without seeing a particular religion and regardless of the type of work they do. Our study has pointed out that the imagination of the city of Paris played an important role as a reason to migrate. Paris as "gay friendly city" has become a "main attraction" for them and gives them a dream that migrate to Paris is a logical reason rather than stay in Indonesia with full of anxiety and fear. This research also shows an analysis that although they are gay and has had to migrate outside Indonesia; they still keep a close relationship with the family in Indonesia, particularly the nuclear family. Nevertheless, there are some gays in this research that are no longer in contact with the family in Indonesia because their families are ashamed to have a son who is gay
Zagrodzki, Mathieu. "La mise en oeuvre des réformes de la police à Paris et à Los Angeles : la police de proximité change-t-elle la police ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0001.
Full textThe beating of Rodney King by four police officers in 1991 made the reform of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) a political priority. The mayor, Thomas Bradley, appointed an independent commission that decided to implement community policing. The above-mentioned events put the reform of the LAPD on the political agenda, but its implementation turned out to be difficult because of organisational constraints and the perception of community policing by policemen as a political trick designed to satisfy the voters. Community policing became more a “buzz word” used by politicians and police officials than a real priority. Nevertheless, police/community partnerships have been implemented in Los Angeles and the LAPD has changed since the early 1990s. In France, the Police Nationale was always focused on national security issues, neglecting somewhat street-crime and community relations. In 1997, the Prime Minister Lionel Jospin decided to launch the “police de proximité”, which was inspired by community policing. The aim of the reform was to bridge the gap between the police and the community and reduce crime, which became a major concern for public opinion. This reform partially failed though, mostly because police officers resisted to that new philosophy that contradicted with the way they used to work previously. In 2002, Nicolas Sarkozy announced the end of the “police de proximité”. However, Paris police, which has a specific status, still implements the measures taken in the 1990’s and significantly improved its image and effectiveness
Lévy, Florence. "Entre contraintes et interstices, l'évolution des projets migratoires dans l'espace transnational : une ethnographie des migrants de Chine du Nord à Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0060.
Full textThere has been a new wave of Chines arrivals since the end of the 1990s in France. These migrants are different from the typical figure of economic migrants and the majority of Chinese already settled in France. Most are middle-aged city dwellers who used to belong to middle stratum of rather privileged state enterprise employees and entrepreneurs in northern China. A majority (70%) is female, mostly divorced. They had to leave China as their privileged social status came under threat by the new elite supported by the government. Based on a longitudinal ethnographic work in France and in China, this study traces these migrants' trajectories long before their departure and analyses their motivations for leaving China temporarily. Focusing on the shifting of their migration projects provides an insight into the ways they handle tensions and adapt to macro and meso structural constraints either those resulting from economic reforms in China or from their irregular status in France. In the process they do not give up their individual or family expectations. In France, their social and professional careers reflect the tensions among Mandarin speakers' networks. Processes of marginalization and othering lead to their integration at the very bottom of these networks' social hierarchies. This situation raises question about the existence of a Parisian 'Chinese community' and 'Chinese diaspora'. Power relations and groups' dynamics in the migration context and dynamics of exclusion resulting from French legislation, give rise to two cumulative processes leading to a sharp reversal of previous hierarchies : deskilling and ascription of gendered stereotypes to migrants. Indeed, migrants' trajectories reveal a drastic sexual division of labour but also in the same time resourceful tactics with which they invest margins of French society. They have to adapt to new gender norms, both among the Mandarin speakers networks and in the French society. Women have hardly other alternative but to work in the domestic sector and some of them turn to prostitution or marry a local. In spite of their limited social mobility they find resource in a transnational social field. It helps them resist different forms of downward social mobility, either in China or in migration. The construction of strategic multi-positionality attests to the agency of North Chinese migrants in Paris
Gauthier, Pascale. "Les Espagnols à Paris et le Service social d'Aide aux émigrants de 1945 aux années 1980 : le parcours des "Esparisiens" dans la capitale." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0081.
Full textThe study of 695 personal files, drawn up by the social workers of the S. S. A. E (. Social Services of Assistance to Emigrants) between 1945 and the 1980s and concerning the Spanish community makes it possible to recreate the life of 1868 people who lived in Paris over that period. Migration and social policies become apparent. The description of these individual developments helps us to understand the integration of the Spanish emigrants, the hardships they encountered and the success they achieved. Work, housing and family life have been the first stages of this adaptation. Other sources complete the analysis of the integration of the Spanish community as a whole living in Paris through their political, trade union and cultural life as they opened up to the Parisians. The latter have learnt to acknowledge and to appreciate them
Pinet, Nicolas. "La politique au-delà de la vie politique : pratiques et représentations de la citoyenneté chez les jeunes adultes à Santiago du Chili, New York et Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0047.
Full textThe first step of the analysis shows that the three polities are organized around the same political principles, with a central role given to the individual and the citizen in foundational discourses. We called this common representation background a "contractualist model". But beyond this shared matrix, data analysis shows substantial national difference regarding a couple of key issues like perceptions of inequalities, conceptions of citizenship and repertories of political actions. I propose an interpretation in terms of national political cultures typified as predominantly liberal (United Stats) republican (France) or mixed (Chile). In-depth interviews conducted with young adults (25-34 years old) in the 3 cities are analyzed within the conceptual framework previously built. It appears thus that the conceptions of citizenship they evoke most frequently associate rather than oppose the figures of the individual and the citizen: ideals of social transformation and personal accomplishment are conceived as walking hand in hand (circular logic). It also appears that for these young adults, the political realm goes well beyond political life. 2/3 of the interviewees claim actions they call political even if they show no relation with the sphere of government proper. I refer to these action "immediate practices of citizenship" as opposed to practices of citizenship that aim at social change through the mediation of the sphere of government ("mediate practices"). Claiming immediate practices of citizenship challenges the representaion of politics as an autonomous and overhanging sphere of power and repoliticize the social realm
Billion, Julien. ""I don't sleep at home" [Je ne dors pas à la maison] : lien social et jeunesse sans domicile à Paris et à New York." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0064.
Full textThis research is original by virtue of : its subject - homeless youths ; its theorical framework - sociology of rupture ; a population - heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual and transgender homeless youths ; an eminently qualitative approach - the retrospective self reporting of youths and their follow - up during the length of the PhD ; a fieldwork methodology - a street ethnography, recorded and unrecorded interviews and the use of Internet social network ; an international comparison - France and the USA, mainly in Paris and New York City ; two urban centers as research territories - Châtelet and Midtown. In the body of my dissertation, those social trajectories are broken up into different elements. In conclusion, they are examined in their entirety, in order to make a typology. Three main forms of trajectories are distinguished : very much excluded homeless youths ; homeless youths who are between social exclusion and social inclusion ; and homeless youths socially included but a precarious way
Haddad, Pierre. "Les chevillards de la Villette : naissance, vie et mort d'une corporation." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100051.
Full textHis research examines the now extinct corporation of la Villette wholesale butchers. Having almost all of the general syndicate of wholesale meat trade archives at my disposal, I attempted to describe the enclosed world of the abattoirs, gathering inspiration from experience. The first part of the work is a brief history of the ancient Parisian abattoirs I then move on to the heart of the matter : "the wholesale selling of meat", I explain who la Villette's wholesale butchers were, their role in the meat sector, their mentality and their behaviour, attempting to reproduce the general atmosphere at la Villette by showing the corporation's concerns relating to all the major events shaping our country's history. My research spans the period from the birth of wholesale butchers around 1829 to the closure of the meat complex in march 1974. I wondered what would have happened hadn't the state decided to change the modernisation procedure at la Villette abattoirs into a vast undertaking comprising a prototype abattoir and a huge sale-room unparalleled in the world. Didn’t the authoritarian closure of the cattle market and the abattoir simply hasten the disappearance of a corporation already condemned by the large and sudden changes in 1970 (development of cooperative circuits, industrial slaughter and superlaket) which it wasn't ready for? I end study by attempting to answer this question
Vanel, Jeanne. "Les tendances esthétiques de la musique contemporaine dans les festivals "Manca" (Nice), "Musica" (Strasbourg), EIC/IRCAM (Paris), 1990-1994." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10031.
Full textAesthetical trends of contemporaneous music are characterized by attachment or renunciation to writing, technological progress enabling some composers to modify or reduce their notation. These aesthetical tendances appear very diverse and vary according to each festival's specificity. Manca look for innovation through "new technologies in aid of music and multimedia' and use writing little. But m. Redolfi wanting pluralism, offers other tendencies too. For lack of means, the latter are often impersonated by young unknowned creators who, more, present world-wide creations. Comparatively to the prevailing stream of electroacoustic and computer music, these trends will show unobtrusive. In musica, on the contrary, most famous composers in every musical style, written (ruling) or improvised, serious or light, instrumental or allied to other arts, ancient or nowadays music, will offer "big stage" works, supported by important sponsors and partnership with strasbourg, second european capital city. Jd marco, in search of original aesthetics, chooses great composers' non typical works. Eic/ircam, prestigious national institution, sharpests research center on technology, keeps the belongings of written music and favours new writing experiments in computer-helped composition. That sums up eic/ircam's aesthetics, incitative to purism, repulsive to any so-weak writing. L. Bayle enjoys colossal financial means and is able to enrich his programs with other forms of art: theater, dance, movie pictures. Statistics will confirm these assertions. The three festivals communicate : eic/ircam often presents first hand its creations out of paris in regional places. But these happen sometimes to ride ahead. A sort of weft is woven between festivals, pregnant with diversity and fruitful
Brocco, Chiara. "Migrants ivoiriens en France et en Italie. Trajectoires et modes d'adaptation dans deux grandes villes européennes : Paris et Naples." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0126.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the multiple facets of the migratory experiences of Ivorians who arrived in Europe between the end of the 1990s and the end of the years 2000s. This work is based on a transnational and comparative approach and takes place in three different settings: Ivory Coast, France, and Italy. Although rooted primarily in the discipline of anthropology, this study also draws on several other disciplines such as sociology, history of migration, human geography, philosophy, and immigration law.Over the course of multisite ethnographic surveys, carried out between 2007 and 2013 in the Parisian region, in Naples and Parma, as well as in Abidjan, I have conducted long-term observations and collected numerous life histories and accounts of migration.The complexity of migratory routes undertaken by migrants is discussed in this study, as well as the development of their existential trajectories. We have described the profiles of these migrants, going beyond the categories assigned to them by the state policy, and focusing on the evolution of their lives in Europe.Particular attention was paid to the mechanisms of reproduction of contemporary Ivorian migration, which depend not only on the crises that have struck Ivory Coast since the end of the 1990s, but also on the power of the imagined and idealized West. This imagined ideal that has been built over the course of history, through the relations maintained by Ivory Coast and France during the colonial and postcolonial era, continues to develop in the present time, through representations on the media and the physical and material returns in the form of money transfers and revenues by immigrants already settled in the West. We have defined this migration as a "contemporary ritual", for which certain phases, specific to initiation rites, take place in the societies of origin, and are identifiable, although revisited in larger spatial and temporal frameworks.Two places in particular were the privileged sites of my investigations: the former Maison des Etudiants de Côte d'Ivoire in Paris, and the “ghetto” of “old houses” in via dell'Avvenire in Pianura, a district of Naples. Both served were squatted by many of these migrants and evicted in 2008 and in 2010, respectively. In the context of social marginalization stemming from European migration policies over the course of recent decades, which clearly operate against migrants from so-called “poor” countries, these sites turned out to be real social laboratories through which migrants have developed multiple practices of "dynamic resistance", practices created and implemented in order to re-build themselves and their lives and bypass different types of obstacles. These forms of dynamic resistance stem from the symbolic and constant dialogue that Ivorian migrants maintain with the cultural and social universe of their country of origin, and which helps them to reformulate and invent new ways of adapting to the new environments encountered during migration.The last part of the study deals with the work of Ivorian associations founded by migrants in France and Italy, in particular the hometown associations and those whose membership is defined by national origin. By describing their different missions, the modalities of their activities, and the meanings that members assign to their participation, these social productions bear witness to another intimate aspect through which the transnational dimension of Ivorian migration is expressed
Kellenberger, Sonja. "Pratiques artistiques et formes de la mobilisation politique dans la ville : une approche sociologique de quatre collectifs d'artistes-activistes à Paris et à Londres." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100154.
Full textThe protest movements of the 90s comes along, in France as in other European countries, of the reactication of an original form of the political commitment based on the artistic intervention. The participation of artists highlights the aesthetic dimensions of the mobilization and reveals the contemporary stakes in the democratization of the art as well as the role of the urban environment in the collective action. The research interrogates this phenomenom in its artistic, political and urban dimensions and their interactions from an ethnographical work about four groups of activist artists in Paris and in London. The study of hybrid groups allows to understand the modes of mobilization , participation and organization which update the militant and artistic practices
Gosselin, Ronald. "Les almanachs républicains : traditions révolutionnaires et culture politique des couches populaires de Paris (1840-1851)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17628.
Full textLeymonerie, Claire. "Des formes à consommer : pensées et pratiques du design industriel en France (1945-1980)." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0016.
Full textThe dissertation deals with the emergence in France of a new professional activity, soon named "design industriel", defined as the shaping of industrial products. It aims at explaining the transition from the tradition of "arts décoratifs", associated with craft and luxury, to a new model of design suitable for industrial production and mass consumption. The first part deals with two associations committed in the promotion of industrial shapes in the 1950s. Formes Utiles defended the idea of a continuity between natural, craft and industrial shapes. It focused on the education of consumers through selections of products in the Salon des arts ménagers, a commercial exhibition of household appliances. The Institut d'esthétique industrielle drew on the ideas of the American engineer Frederick Taylor and steered its action towards producers and managers. The second partanalyses the fragile establishment of design in France in the 1960s and 1970s. The new institutions of design (Centre de création industrielle, Conseil supérieur de la création industrielle) did not manage to consolidate the profession. Functionalism is questioned by critical theory (Roland Barthes, Jean Baudrillard). French industrial designers followed the Hochschule fur Gestaltung Ulm model passed by Abraham Moles. They described themselves as environment designers and as representatives of consumers. The information system on products developed at the CCI showed this ambition. Case studies explain the cooperation between industrial design studios and firms in the sector of household electrical appliances (Moulinex, Calor, Seb)
Paquet, Nicole. "Les élites de Paris et le problème urbain des fosses d'aisance et des voiries dans la première moitié du XIXes siècle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17635.
Full textPernoud, Emmanuel. "Olivier Debré : les estampes et les livres illustrés (1945-1990)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010580.
Full textInitiated in 1945 and reaching 451 numbers at the end of 1990, the graphic work of Olivier Debré (born in 1920) has always seeked a "living sign" which has taken two different ways, a "figure sign" (since the end of the 40') and a "landscape sign" (since the beginning of the 60'). In Debré's work, print is characterized by material effects (aquatint) and colour variations (lithography) ; print is also a meeting place with poets and writers (more than 20 illustrated books). After an introduction, this thesis produce a catalogue reasoned with 4 parts : 1 etchings, aquatints and drypoints 2 lithographs and silkscreens 3 reproduction prints 4 covers and illustrations by photomechanical techniques
Desvignes, Arnaud. "Vers l’autonomie des universités en France. Les acteurs universitaires, politiques et syndicaux face à la réforme (1968-1984)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040219.
Full textOur project strives for pondering the conditions for gradually implementing self-governance in the French universities. From this point of view however, the time frame spanning 1968 to 1984 is apparently a great opportunity for reflection. In fact the laws advocated by the Ministers Faure and Savary can be considered as the first steps towards practical autonomy of the universities.. History shows abundantly that despite republican reforms passed by the end of the 19th century, until 1968 the French higher education systems remained dependent on the “Colleges’ tyranny” established by Napoleon in 1808. A description of the French education system before 1968 will shed light on the administrative burdens on the universities, which may have aroused a willingness to change in some individuals. But in most cases, a reform derives from a trade-off whose origin may be tracked by historians. For such a quest, the sources of information flow from politicians of the time, or from their assistants, from academics or from teachers unions: proceedings of the Parliament or the Senate, reports from ministerial staffs, university bodies, ex post facto oral evidence etc…Confronting the material should allow one to gauge the part played in the reform preparation process by the various stakeholders, according to their function and mindset
Parkmann, Fedora. "Paris-Prague. Transferts en photographie, 1918-1939." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040134.
Full textThis dissertation sets forth to explicate the transfers that occurred in photography between France and the Czech Lands during the interwar period. Rooted in a material approach towards the various circulations of individuals, images and concepts, this study considers the Czech photographic scene in light of its specific relation to France and analyzes the resulting hybridizations. The research focuses on photographic vectors such as photomechanical reproductions, exhibition catalogues and the activities of mediators and photographers working between the two countries. It illuminates a network of relations between French, German and Russian impulses and describes also the export of a local photographic production. The Czech surrealist current is a prominent hybridization that resulted from the strong reception of the French photographic scene. It was exported again as an original Czech production, and as such exemplifies the process of mutual circulation and transformation that describes the concept of transfer. An expansive study of Czech journeys to France, their photographic experience of the country and their subsequent contribution to the “Paris school of photography” complete this overview of the interactions and transfers between both countries.By situating Czech photography within the discourse of cultural transfers, this dissertation reveals actors, images, concepts and developments that until now have been critically absent from national photography histories. It also demonstrates how the receptivity of Czech photographers to France in return favored the emergence of photographic modernism in their country
Tan, Lély. "La ville autoritaire : la métamorphose urbaine comme outil de légitimation politique : Shangai, (1990-2010), au regard du Paris du Second Empire, (1852-1870)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0680.
Full textShanghai, neoliberal example or sui generis case? Is Shanghai urban metamorphosis unique case in the world, irreducible and idiosyncratic model? No because Haussmanian Paris under the Second Empire experienced the same transformation. By comparing the two cities, we have elaborated a new city category: the authoritarian city. It is the result of a process by combining three factors: 1, Authoritarian political system 2, Modernization economic policy 3, Ambitious urban strategy. Within this context, the Authoritarian city has to be seen as a legitimization way for the political power. Unlike researchers who explain the Shanghai urban transformation as an endogenous phenomenon (Friedmann 2006, Logan et Fainstein (dir), 2010) or a number of others who estimate it as a result of Chinese market liberalization, we advocate a more comprehensive overview. The Authoritarian model is taken account Chinese characteristics and place Shanghai urban path as a “more ordinary city”. Because temporary aspect Is essential in our framework and because contexts are parts of the Authoritarian city, we deliberately use process approach (Mendes et al. 2013). The phenomenon is a whole process and cannot be separated from the economical, political or social contexts
Fossey, Estelle. "Paris 21ème siècle, capitale du monde des arts d'Afrique Noire : Le rôle de la scène artistique parisienne dans la construction de la valeur des Arts d’Afrique Noire." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030175.
Full textWhether it’s at the level of museums, the art market, or private collections, Paris is defined today as a central place of world activity, for ‘Black African’ arts. Beyond the reality, museographically speaking of Black African arts, with the inauguration of the Pavillion Hall of Sessions at the Louvre Museum in April 2000, and then the opening of the Quai Branly Museum in June 2006 ; Paris also credits it’s positions as the world’s capital of Black African arts by the centralisation of the art market’s activities of this speciality in it’s heart.Elsewhere, our works show that the role played by the private sphere of traders and of collectors is primordial in the aesthetic homologation and the definition of the hierarchy of aesthetic values today admitted in the speciality of ‘Black African’ arts.This doctorate thesis is also the occasion to recall why the world of ‘Black African’ arts is an invention of countries of western character, and allows to apprehend with more objectivity to western adapatation of ancient artistic heritage and traditional descent from the Sub-Saharan Africa
Pereira, Irène. "Un nouvel esprit contestataire – La grammaire pragmatiste du syndicalisme d'action directe libertaire." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00392699.
Full textNous nous sommes donnés comme objectif d'analyser les homologies existant entre la philosophie pragmatiste et les pratiques militantes au sein d'organisations se réclamant du syndicalisme d'action directe.
La mise en valeur de ces homologies, nous a permis de constituer une grammaire, au sens de la sociologie pragmatique, du syndicalisme d'action directe.
La construction de cette grammaire s'est effectuée en outre en dessinant une topographie de la gauche radicale aujourd'hui à partir des controverses entre les organisations que nous avons étudiées et d'autres groupes militants. Pour cela, nous avons étudié l'histoire des différents courants de la gauche radicale et en particulier des différents courants de l'anarchisme. Cela nous a conduit à distinguer trois grammaires principales à l'oeuvre dans la gauche radicale: une grammaire de la modernité – universaliste, humaniste et démocratique -, une grammaire socialiste fondée sur la lutte des classes et la dénonciation de l'exploitation économique et enfin une grammaire postmoderne qui s'appuie sur une prise en compte des revendications culturelles des minorités.
Boudelia, "Mohamed" Boulafroud. "Pratiques et appropriation des Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication et intégration sociale des immigrés : une étude de cas dans un milieu populaire urbain à Paris." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100171.
Full textThis thesis will allow us to take a new look at the debate on furthering the social integration of immigrants thanks to a socio-technical use of the web. Present-day society is being profoundly altered by the Technologies of Information (TIC) that are omnipresent and increasingly invasive in almost every aspect of the social field.These accelerating mutations are nonetheless liberating a powerful potential of creativity and development for a portion of the population hitherto excluded from mainline society, by the handicap of language in the case of an immigrant population, and by the lack of access to the new technology (TIC). The double exclusion facing these immigrant populations accounts for a large part of their problems with integration. Against this general background, our thesis develops the following hypothesis: mastering the new technologies of information and communication (the TIC) can become a formidable instrument for overcoming handicaps of background, language, education when appropriated within educational facilities outside the official school systems. Overcoming the digital divide can provide a shortcut to full participation in the culture and usages of the society at large. How can this be achieved? Under what conditions? We shall treat these questions via a five-pronged approach: appropriation of TIC, social integration, socio-technical devices, social mediation and digital pedagogy. Our conclusions will be based on the study of a concrete case in a specific environment.We have demonstrated how the people of Belleville, who are largely illiterate, have nonetheless been able to acquire minimal skills in the use of TIC. Tests specifically elaborated by us for this type of public allowed us to evaluate their competency in areas such as word-processing, handling the computer, and surfing on the web. Our study is conditioned by the need, both to examine the social and cognitive aspects of adult apprenticeship where the population concerned is far-removed from normal access to TIC, and to propose new approaches adapted to EPN technical devices as well as to the types of TIC usage this population might need
Veltcheva, Maria. "La nozione di spazio pubblico nei nuovi spazi collettivi in Europa : Italia, Francia, Germania." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082523.
Full textThis research focuses on the study of common spaces conceived after the European events of 1989: those public places of common interest (shopping malls, cultural centres, multiplexes), now more than ever before important elements in the urban project. The new common spaces in Europe, multithematic projects of the hypertext city integrate pure trade with public life, raising the question of the concept of public space according to European tradition. The progress in structural and installation technique (intelligent building) that has turned the construction into a controlled, enclosed space, has brought into discussion the privatisation and interiorisation of the public space. The comparison between urban and architectural multithematic projects in Europe-public spaces conceived or built in Rome, Paris and Berlin-will contribute to the notion of public spaces. That will give rise to reflections on the influence of the European city on the character of the public space in the future
Müller-Funk, Lea. "Transnational politics beyond the Arab uprisings : Egyptian activism in Vienna and Paris." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0005.
Full textThis interdisciplinary PhD project examines what Østergaard-Nielsen (2003) calls ‘homeland politics’, namely the political activities of migrants and refugees who aim to influence the domestic or foreign policy of their country of origin. It focuses on two case studies, Vienna and Paris, and examines the people and groups who tried to influence politics during and after the uprisings in Egypt (2011-2013). It focuses particularly on the identification of transnational activists, their networks and their motives of their political participation. It further analyzes the role of social media as a tool for transnational politics. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first adopts a macro-level approach and traces the context in which transnational practices of Egyptian migrants and their children take place, by focusing on emigration, immigration and immigrant policies. The second is an empirical analysis on the micro-level and describes different types of transnational activists, their argumentations, networks, and strategies. This includes a comprehensive analysis of their use of Facebook. The third part is a theoretical contribution to political transnationalism by discussing the limits of Egyptian transnational civil society today and by developing an analytical framework for factors which influence homeland politics
Bordier, Julien. "Le musée national entre principe républicain et question démocratique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100028/document.
Full textAs a revolutionary invention, art museum opened to the public in France is an institution that offers a contradictory space, in different levels: in the conflicts of the origins of the museum, in the validation of its relation of an institutionalized power, in the conceptualization of its public dimension. Mixing the particular history of this institution with an evolution of political issue, is a way to name these contradictions. This highlights a tension between two antagonistic poles, but in a constant dialogue, republican principle and democratic question. This conflictual dialogue has to be understood as an identification process and its crisis. This tension appears relevant to analyze national museums and cultural Policy during the french Fifth Republic. Therefore, national museum seems to be a republican institution and how “cultural democratization” enunciate itself with democratic question. From these reflexions, evolution of national museums and cultural Policy since 2000, and, the large amendments they know, are analyzable. Amendment of national museums presents itself as a modernization of their management and administration, by alleviating their ministerial tutelage. We analyze these amendments effects from two examples, Louvre and Orsay museums, by studying legislative dispositions, public statements of their directorate and interviews with employees in the museums. After this amendment movement has been contextualized and defined, it is analyzed from the tension between republican principle and democratic question. It is reconfigured and shifted in a new kind of museum appearing: company-museum
Wisniewski, Marine. "« Chansons-Théâtre-Poésie » au cabaret de l’Écluse (1951-1974) : expérience et poétique des variétés." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20097.
Full textL’Écluse was a small performance hall which presented mixed shows every evening between 1951 and 1974 : songs, shorts comedy sketches, recitations of poems, puppet shows, mimes and projected drawings. Many performers worked at L’Écluse. Some became famous, suche as Barbara, Raymond Devos, Marc Marceau, Yves Joly, Philippe Noiret and Cora Vaucaire. Despite the confusing eclectism of the cabaret shows, the place itself seems to offer a stable way to consider the subject. Indeed, L’Écluse built itself through its localisation in Paris, situated in an urban, social and cultural landscape shaped by a long and historical tradition. It was part of these « cabarets rive-gauche » that bloomed in Paris after the Second World War, pretending to refuse every form of commercial entertainment usually proposed to tourists by luxurious night-clubs on the right bank of the Seine river. This emblematic partition of the French capital between a right and a left bank resulted from a long history. Since the end of the XIXth century, cabarets were indeed considered as places of arts, where poetry could blossom far from a besides growing industrial and commercial culture. However, l’Écluse’s identity was not as clear as it seemed. The cabaret payed tributes to its prestigious literary precursors such as Le Chat Noir and Le Lapin Agile, but also to café-concerts, music-halls and popular movies, that are frequently left out of the literary field. This complete heterogeneity appeared in its shows themselves, shaped by various artistic expressions. L’Écluse was thus ruled by variety. It was therefore a complex object that requires specific methods to be considered. It is precisely through the prism of variety, regarded as a fruitful methodological analysis tool, that we intent to study it. With its mixed shows, L’Écluse cannot be sorted into a « black-or-white » category. It encourages us to re-think what belongs to literature or not. Where can such an unclassifiable place, that catches us unawares and strikes down our usual analysis categories, stand in literary studies ? Accordingly, we postulate that L’Écluse converted its place, defined by historical, geographical and social determinations, into a creative poetic space, shaped by the coexistence of various artistic expressions and the echoes that appeared between each of them and not by the pretended quality of its acts. The meaning of the shows was thus not provided by what was clearly said : it came from what remained unformulated
Gros, Guillaume. "Philippe Ariès (1914-1984), un traditionnaliste non-conformiste : de l'Action française à l'Ecole des hautes études en sciences sociales." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0017.
Full textAllouch, Annabelle. "L'ouverture sociale comme configuration : pratiques et processus de sélection et de socialisation des milieux populaires dans les établissements d'élite : une comparaison France-Angleterre." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0043.
Full textWidening participation programmes have been launched simultaneously in both France and England in the 2000s. They stem from the idea that it is necessary for elite universities, despite their traditional mission of elite education, to get involved in the field of antidiscrimination and thus develop measures to increase equality of opportunity and diversify their student body. This thesis highlights the impact of these programmes on the way to address social inequalities in the educational sector. In fact, widening participation schemes contribute to the dissemination of a new interpretation of social mobility on the basis of a compensation targeting talented pupils (Pupils identified as “with potential”) rather than sustaining the most deprived of them. It is allowed by the current withdrawal of the traditional role of the Welfare state in education (in a context of financial crisis) which increases the pressure on universities (through financial incentives), in the name of their social responsibility towards society. This work is based on an ethnographic survey led in three French and English elite institutions, including the University of Oxford, Sciences Po and ESSEC
Miraucourt, Julie. "Pablo Picasso face à la littérature française : de Michel Leiris à André Malraux." Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOL013.
Full textPablo Picasso maintained bonds of friendship with french literature, I. E with poets from the “Bateau-Lavoir” or members of surrealism. It is then very interesting to analyse – from the painter’s point of view – the nature of these friendships and how efficient they have been on Picasso’s life. Besides, they give the opportunity to understand interction between these two fields of expression. However, this study is based on the relationship between the painter and two french writers : Michel Leiris and André Malraux. It focusses on the notion of “genereation” both writers were borned the same year in Paris, then the three artists will be under the same influence and share points of interest
Valleteau, de Moulliac Clémence. "Comment ils sont devenus invisibles : les enfants des rues de Bucarest dans la transition post-communiste." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC140.
Full textDespite major changes during transition years since 1989 in Bucharest, the street children phenomenon which became visible after the fall of Niculae Ceausescu’s communist regime has not disappeared. In spite of the abolition of the communist regime natalist policy, the demographic fertility collapse, economic growth, child welfare reforms and EU integration process, hundreds of minors keep sleeping roughless.The historical and longitudinal analysis of the phenomenon highlights lasting causal factors in the most vulnerable part of the population: the vicious circle of pauperization and marginalization undermines the most numerous families. The Bucharest street children phenomena is an inheritance of the communist regime, a sign of its enduring imprint on Romanian society. It is correlated to – and overshadowed by – social realities such as children abandonment and institutionalization, which have prevented it from gaining political ground. Our work brings out how they have become invisible: on the one hand, we analyze the construction of the political (non)-representation of street children in postcommunist years, and, on the other hand, the street experience and trajectories of some of them, from 1990 to 2015. Being unable to prevent minors from settling in the streets is neither a Romanian feature nor a characteristic specific to poor or transition countries. The case of Romanian migrants in Paris, as well as the living conditions of a number of isolated migrant minors in Europe, illustrate how, when faced with homeless and right deprived children, a wealthy region acquainted with child rights’ issues such as the EU experiences the same political challenge and dilemma as that of postcommunist Romania
Fenomenul copiilor străzii din București apare după Revoluția din decembrie 1989 și, în pofida numeroaselor bulversări din perioada de tranziție, nu pare să-și piardă nicidecum din amplitudine. În ciuda abolirii legislației pro-nataliste, a scăderii brutale a natalității, a creșterii economice și a reformelor din sistemul de protecție a copilului în contextul integrării europene, sute de minori continuă să considere strada drept acasă. Analiza istorică a fenomenului pune in evidență continuitatea cauzelor care stau la baza apariției fenomenului, în cazul categoriei celei mai vulnerabile a populației. Cercul vicios al pauperizării și al marginalizării continuă să fragilizeze familiile numeroase. Copiii străzii din București sunt o moștenire a regimului comunist, o amprentă durabilă asupra societății romanești. Acest fenomen, corelat cu realitățile abandonului și instituționalizării copiilor, care le-a eclipsat, nu a luat o dimensiune politică în România postcomunistă. Cercetarea noastră pune în evidență felul în care copiii străzii au devenit invizibili și urmărește în paralel construirea (ne)reprezentării politice a acestor copii, precum și parcursurile lor de viață în stradă, din 1990 până în 2015. Incapacitatea autorităților de a frâna instalarea copiilor în stradă nu este o specificitate românească, și nici o singularitate a statelor sărace sau aflate in situație de tranziție. Exemplul minorilor români aflați în situație de stradă la Paris, precum și soarta unui număr important de minori emigranți izolați în Europa, pun în evidență provocările politice pe care, într-o regiune bogată si cu experienta in domeniul drepturilor copilului, o ridică fenomenul copiilor nimănui
Steinlein, Almut. "Une esthétique de l'authentique : les films de la Nouvelle Vague." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030146.
Full textThe question of authenticity is essential to the self-conception of the New Wave that emerged at the end of the 1950s in France and announced the modern age of cinema. Authenticity is the central notion of modern literature as a means of individual expression. Since the 19th century, a literary work of art founded its legitimisation no more in an external authority, but in its aesthetic originality and autonomy in opposition to classical norms and rhetorical conventions. Instituting the director as the filmic author, the discursive strategy of New Wave's Politique des auteurs must be considered as an attempt to qualify cinema as a modern art by setting the prerequisites for an authentic writing in film. Following Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, the emerging of the New Wave is described as the birth of a field of pure production, modelled on the autonomisation of the literary field in the 19th century. The second part of the study questions the realisation of the authenticity postulate by analysing the first features of Rohmer, Chabrol, Truffaut, Godard and Rivette. If the pretension of authenticity is common to all of the young film makers, they use different authentication strategies in their films, creating in that way both the coherence and the diversity of the New Wave
Hamdan, Akhlasse. "Médias et environnement : le processus et les protagonistes du « Grenelle de l’environnement »." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100145.
Full textThis typescript contributes to research in political communication concerning environmental issues in France. We focus in our study on the case of the "Grenelle de l'environnement" announced by Nicolas Sarkozy in 2007. It seems interesting to identify two main areas in this research. The first is the strategy of the government policy, investigating the method of the Grenelle and the reasons that led to its organization and the second axis is the media and our question concerns the relationship between both media and political fields. The later leads us to deeply study the reasons why the journalists were interested in the GDE, and analyze media coverage of the Grenelle. To test our hypotheses the research was based on a number of empirical investigations
Turner, Dennise M. "Race, Culture, and French National Identity: North African, West African, and Antillean Communities in Paris, 1950-1990." 2017. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_diss/54.
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