Journal articles: '30 sekunder chair stand test'

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Collado-Mateo, Daniel, Pedro Madeira, Francisco J. Dominguez-Muñoz, Santos Villafaina, Pablo Tomas-Carus, and José A. Parraca. "The Automatic Assessment of Strength and Mobility in Older Adults: A Test-Retest Reliability Study." Medicina 55, no. 6 (June 11, 2019): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55060270.

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Background: Simple field tests such as the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and 30 s Chair Stand test are commonly used to evaluate physical function in the elderly, providing crude outcome measures. Using an automatic chronometer, it is possible to obtain additional kinematic parameters that may lead to obtaining extra information and drawing further conclusions. However, there is a lack of studies that evaluate the test-retest reliability of these parameters, which may help to judge and interpret changes caused by an intervention or differences between populations. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and 30 s Chair Stand test in healthy older adults. Methods: A total of 99 healthy older adults participated in this cross-sectional study. The TUG and the 30 s Chair Stand test were performed five times and twice, respectively, using an automatic chronometer. The sit-to-stand-to-sit cycle from the 30 s Chair Stand test was divided into two phases. Results: Overall, reliability for the 30 s Chair Stand test was good for almost each variable (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) >0.70). Furthermore, the use of an automatic chronometer improved the reliability for the TUG (ICC >0.86 for a manual chronometer and ICC >0.88 for an automatic chronometer). Conclusions: The TUG and the 30 s Chair Stand test are reliable in older adults. The use of an automatic chronometer in the TUG is strongly recommended as it increased the reliability of the test. This device enables researchers to obtain relevant and reliable data from the 30 s Chair Stand test, such as the duration of the sit-to-stand-to-sit cycles and phases.

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Leon-Llamas, Juan Luis, Santos Villafaina, Alvaro Murillo-Garcia, Daniel Collado-Mateo, Francisco Javier Domínguez-Muñoz, Jesús Sánchez-Gómez, and Narcis Gusi. "Strength Assessment Under Dual Task Conditions in Women with Fibromyalgia: A Test–Retest Reliability Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24 (December 6, 2019): 4971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244971.

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The present study aimed to: (1) analyze the test–retest reliability of the 30 s chair stand test and the 30 s arm curl test under dual-task conditions; (2) analyze the test–retest reliability of a new variable which assesses the total performance (cognitive + physical) in both tests. A total of 37 women with fibromyalgia participated in the study. Participants completed the 30 s arm curl test and 30 s chair stand test in both simple and dual-task conditions. These tests were repeated after seven days. In the 30 s chair stand dual-task test the reliability was low to good whereas that of the total performance variable was low to moderate. The reliability in both the 30 s arm curl dual-task test and the total performance variable were good to moderate. Both the 30 s chair stand test and 30 s arm curl test under dual-task conditions and the total performance variables had good test–retest reliability. However, it is necessary to consider the fluctuations of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

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Domínguez-Muñoz, Francisco Javier, Jorge Carlos-Vivas, Santos Villafaina, Miguel A. García-Gordillo, Miguel Ángel Hernández-Mocholi, Daniel Collado-Mateo, Narcis Gusi, and José C. Adsuar. "Association between 30-s Chair Stand-Up Test and Anthropometric Values, Vibration Perception Threshold, FHSQ, and 15-D in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." Biology 10, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10030246.

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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, worldwide disease affecting more than 400 million people. This pathology involves several associated problems, such as diabetic neuropathy complications, obesity, and foot problems, both in terms of health and sensitivity. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the relationships of the 30-s chair stand-up test with the Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ), the vibration perception threshold (VPT), and the 15-dimensional (15-D) questionnaire in T2DM people. Methodology: Ninety participants with T2DM were assessed in terms of fat mass percentage, VPT, foot health, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and the 30-s chair stand-up test. Results: The 30-s chair stand-up test was found to exhibit a moderate relationship with “physical activity” (rho = 0.441; p ≤ 0.001) and “vigor” (rho = 0.443; p ≤ 0.001) from FHSQ. The 30-s chair stand-up test was also found to be weakly associated with foot pain (rho = 0.358; p = 0.001), 15-D total score (rho = 0.376; p ≤ 0.001), “sleeping” (rho = 0.371; p < 0.001), and “depression” (rho = 0.352; p = 0.001). Conclusions: The 30-s chair stand-up test is associated with “physical activity”, “vigor”, and “foot pain” from the FHSQ and the 15-D questionnaire total score and its dimensions “sleeping” and “depression” in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Therefore, following the results obtained, qualified clinicians can use the 30-s chair stand-up test as a good tool for monitoring and managing type 2 diabetes.

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Martín-Martínez, Juan Pedro, Daniel Collado-Mateo, Francisco Javier Domínguez-Muñoz, Santos Villafaina, Narcís Gusi, and Jorge Pérez-Gómez. "Reliability of the 30 s Chair Stand Test in Women with Fibromyalgia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 13 (July 2, 2019): 2344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132344.

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Background: The 30 s chair stand test is often used to evaluate physical fitness in chronic pain populations. In patients with fibromyalgia, physical fitness is closely related to pain, quality of life, and fear of falling. However, the reliability of this test has only been evaluated concerning the number of repetitions. Objective: To evaluate the test–retest reliability of the 30 s chair stand test in women with fibromyalgia (n = 30), using data from the contact and non-contact time registered with an automatic chronometer (chronojump). Methods: Participants carried out the 30 s chair stand test twice with five minutes as a rest period, while an automatic chronometer recorded the time elapsed in contact with the chair (impulse phase) and not in contact (non-contact phase). Number and fear of falls in the last year and in the last six weeks were also recorded. Results: The reliability of duration of both phases was good. A relationship between these results and the number and fear of falling was also found. Conclusion: The analysis of movement phases in the 30 s chair stand test showed a good reliability in females with fibromyalgia, providing further useful information about the onset of muscle fatigue during the test.

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Kamble, Shagun S., and Gaurav C. Mhaske. "Prevalence of High Risk of Falls among Elderly in Old Age Homes of Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 8 (August 6, 2021): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210809.

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Background - Falls are one of the measure concerns in geriatric population resulting in unintentional coming to rest on the ground. Majority of falls are multifactorial which commonly results in morbidity and mortality in rare cases. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of high risk of falls in elderly in old age homes. Method -An observational study involving 140 participants in old age homes of Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India were selected by convenient sampling and prevalence was assessed by using TUG test, 30 second chair stand test, 4-stage balance test. Result – prevalence of high fall risk which impacted the physical capabilities and quality of life of elderly were 52.85%, 47.85%,55.71% according to TUG test, 30 second chair stand test, and 4 stage balance Test. Conclusion – Falls are major concern among elderly living in old age homes of Aurangabad. Our findings may assist the geriatric healthcare system to take early measures for elderly to prevent falls and spread awareness. Key words: Prevalence, Risk of fall, elderly, old age homes, TUG, 30 sec chair stand test, 4 stage balance Test, Aurangabad.

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Martins, Alexandre D., João Paulo Brito, Rafael Oliveira, Tiago Costa, Fátima Ramalho, Rita Santos-Rocha, and Nuno Pimenta. "Relationship between Heart Rate Variability and Functional Fitness in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study." Healthcare 9, no. 9 (September 13, 2021): 1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091205.

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Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. The treatments may also cause neuromuscular and skeletal disorders; therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the existence of a relationship between heart rate variability and different functional fitness parameters in women survivors of breast cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 25 women survivors of breast cancer, with a mean ± SD age, height, and body mass of 50.8 ± 8.8 years, 1.6 ± 0.7 m, and 67.1 ± 12.3 kg, respectively. Patients underwent measurements of heart rate variability with time and frequency domain analyses, as well as a “30 s chair-stand test”, “6 min walking test”, “timed up and go test”, and “ball throwing test”. Results: A multiple linear regression analysis showed that from the heart rate variability frequency domain, high frequency explained 21% (R2 = 0.21) of the “30 s chair-stand test” performance. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight high frequency as a predictor of “30 s chair-stand test” performance, regardless of age and time after diagnosis, suggesting its usefulness as a clinical indicator of functionality in breast cancer survivors. This study presents a straightforward and non-invasive methodology predicting functional fitness in women breast cancer survivors potentially applicable to clinical practice.

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Macfarlane, D. J., Y. H. Cheng, K. L. Chou, and I. Chi. "VALIDITY OF THE 30-SECOND CHAIR STAND TEST IN ELDERLY HONG KONG CHINESE." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 35, Supplement 1 (May 2003): S131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200305001-00722.

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Chen, Lei, Yunlu Sheng, Hanmei Qi, Tingting Tang, Jing Yu, and Shan Lv. "Correlation of sarcopenia and depressive mood in older community dwellers: a cross-sectional observational study in China." BMJ Open 10, no. 9 (September 2020): e038089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038089.

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ObjectiveWhether sarcopenia is detrimental to depression is still controversial, which may be due to the three components of the sarcopenia. Our objective was to define the correlation between depression and sarcopenia in older Chinese community dwellers.DesignThe study has a cross-sectional design.SettingThe study was conducted in Jiangsu, China.ParticipantsA total of 101 men and 149 women aged 60 years or older were recruited.Outcome measuresLean tissue mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength in the upper and lower limbs was measured by a handheld dynamometer and a chair stand test, respectively. Physical performance was assessed by gait speed and standing balance tests. Depressive mood was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale-30 (range 0–30).ResultsParticipants in the sarcopenia group had a higher mean depression score than the normal group (p=0.002). Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that depression was negatively associated with muscle strength (handgrip strength: R=−0.170, p=0.028 for women, R=−0.196, p=0.048 for men; chair stand test performance: R=0.252, p=0.002 for women, R=0.311, p=0.001 for men) and physical performance (gait speed: R=−0.200, p=0.009, standing balance test performance: R=−0.224, p=0.006, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB): R=−0.218, p=0.007 for women; SPPB: R=−0.252, p=0.01 for men). Multiple linear regression models revealed that depressive mood was inversely associated with chair stand test (β=0.325, p<0.001), gait speed (β=−0.009, p=0.041) and standing balance test (β=−0.24, p=0.016) after adjusting for confounding factors, while no significant correlation was observed between depressive mood and muscle mass.ConclusionThe diagnostic components of sarcopenia—strength of the leg muscles (chair stand test) and physical performance (gait speed and standing balance test)—were associated with depressive mood.

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Barrios-Fernández, Sabina, Jorge Pérez-Gómez, María del Carmen Galán-Arroyo, Jairo Señorán-Rivera, Rubén Martín-Carmona, María Mendoza-Muñoz, Miguel Ángel García-Gordillo, Francisco Javier Domínguez-Muñoz, and José Carmelo Adsuar. "Reliability of 30-s Chair Stand Test with and without Cognitive Task in People with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 1450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041450.

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Background: Reliability refers to the precision of an assessment, so it is a critical topic to take the right decisions related to health management. People usually perform several tasks at the same time in their daily life. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability of the 30-s chair stand test in people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with test–retest, with and without dual-task (motor + cognitive task). Methods: Twenty-six subjects with T2DM and 30 subjects without T2DM performed the 30-s Chair Stand Test (30sCST) in which they must sit and stand as many times as possible in 30 s. They performed the test in the usual way (30sCST) and also with an additional cognitive task (30sCST-DT). A retest was conducted 7–14 days later. Results: Relative reliability was excellent in both groups (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.9). In 30sCST-DT, relative reliability was high in the T2DM group (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.7) and excellent in subjects without T2DM (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.9). Conclusions: The 30sCST and the 30sCST-DT tests are reliable tools for people with T2DM to measure changes after an intervention. The smallest real difference was 15% and 20% upper in the T2DM group in the 30sCST and 30sCST-DT tests, respectively.

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Sipe, Cody L., Kevin D. Ramey, Phil P. Plisky, and James D. Taylor. "Y-Balance Test: A Valid and Reliable Assessment in Older Adults." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 27, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2018-0330.

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Testing balance and fall risk with older adults of varying abilities is of increasing importance. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of the lower quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ) in older adults. A secondary aim was to provide estimates of reliability with this population. A total of 30 male (n = 15) and female (n = 15) subjects (66.8 ± 6.5 years) performed the YBT-LQ, 30-s chair stand test, 8-foot up and go test, timed up and go test, single-leg stance, and Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale questionnaire. The YBT-LQ was performed on two separate occasions by two investigators in random order. YBT-LQ was significantly correlated with age (p < .01), timed up and go test (p = .003), 8-foot up and go test (p < .001), 30-s chair stand test (p < .001), Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (p = .002), and single-leg stance (p = .005) performance. The intraclass correlation coefficient(3,1) score for the reliability of the YBT-LQ was .95 (95% confidence interval [.89, .97]). The YBT-LQ appears to be a valid and reliable assessment to use with older adults.

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MASUDA, Yukiyasu, Yusuke NISIDA, and Kazuo KUROSAWA. "Relationship of a 30-second Chair-Stand Test to Gait Performance in Stroke Patients." Rigakuryoho kagaku 19, no. 2 (2004): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/rika.19.69.

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Roongbenjawan, Narintip, and Akkradate Siriphorn. "Accuracy of modified 30-s chair-stand test for predicting falls in older adults." Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 63, no. 4 (July 2020): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2019.08.003.

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Xará Leite, Francisco, Paulo Roriz, Leandro Machado, Adélio Vilaça, and Vitor Ferreira. "Biomechanics performance in 30-s chair stand test in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis." International Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics 6, no. 4 (2019): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhfe.2019.10026995.

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Ferreira, Vitor, Leandro Machado, Adélio Vilaça, Francisco Xará Leite, and Paulo Roriz. "Biomechanics performance in 30-s chair stand test in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis." International Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics 6, no. 4 (2019): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhfe.2019.105359.

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Kuo, Yi-Liang. "The influence of chair seat height on the performance of community-dwelling older adults’ 30-second chair stand test." Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 25, no. 3 (May 14, 2013): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-013-0041-x.

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Unver, Bayram, Serpil Kalkan, Ertugrul Yuksel, Turhan Kahraman, and Vasfi Karatosun. "Reliability of the 50-foot walk test and 30-sec chair stand test in total knee arthroplasty." Acta Ortopédica Brasileira 23, no. 4 (August 2015): 184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-78522015230401018.

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Schmid, Stefan, Stéphane Armand, Zoltan Pataky, Alain Golay, and Lara Allet. "The Relationship Between Different Body Mass Index Categories and Chair Rise Performance in Adult Women." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 29, no. 6 (December 2013): 705–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.29.6.705.

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An important prerequisite to carry out daily activities is the sit-to-stand movement. However, in obese people, this movement is characterized by altered biomechanics, which might lead to daily life activity impairments. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in kinetic and kinematic variables between three different BMI categories when performing a specific sit-to-stand test. Thirty-six adult women (BMI = 17–45 kg/m2) performed the sit-to stand test five times consecutively and as quickly as possible. Analyses of variance were used to determine differences between three BMI groups (normal or overweight: BMI < 30 kg/m2; obese: 30 ≤ BMI < 35; severely obese: BMI ≥ 35). Peak and mean vertical sacrum velocity indicated a decrease in severely obese subjects. Obese and severely obese individuals did not show higher fatigue over the five consecutive movements. Peak force and rate of force development decreased in normal or overweight subjects. The ability to successfully complete the test decreased with a higher BMI, probably due to a reduced ability to rapidly generate a high force.

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Ohsugi, H., S. Murata, A. Kubo, M. Hachiya, A. Hirao, K. Fujiwara, and K. Kamijou. "The involvement of attentional function in the scoring of the 30-second chair stand test." Physiotherapy 101 (May 2015): e1125-e1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.2029.

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Wang, Y., D. Koizumi, M. M. Islam, T. Yamauchi, D. Ro, N. Takeshima, and M. E. Rogers. "USE OF 30-S CHAIR-STAND TEST IN MEASURING LOWER BODY STRENGHT IN JAPANESE ADULTS." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 34, no. 5 (May 2002): S177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200205001-00987.

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ARAI, Ryuichi, Ayako USUKI, and Daisuke ITO. "Relationships between Body Fat Percentage, the Two-Step Test, and 30-seconds Chair-stand Test in Company Workers." Rigakuryoho Kagaku 34, no. 6 (2019): 801–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/rika.34.801.

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Lumi, Carine, Fabrício Edler Macagnan, Adriana Kessler, Priscila De Toni, and Adriana Maisonnave Raffone. "Decrease in physical performance during the hospitalisation phase of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation." International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 26, no. 11 (November 2, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2018.0012.

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Background/Aims The negative impact caused by haematopoietic stem cell transplantation still requires further investigation. This study aims to investigate the effects of this procedure on skeletal muscle strength, functional performance and fatigue sensation in the hospitalisation phase. Methods This prospective cohort study aimed to assess physical performance by measuring ventilatory muscle strength, peripheral muscle strength and fatigue in patients who underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Results The sample consisted of 30 patients of both sexes (63% men) with a mean age of 48.6 ± 13.2 years. Maximal inspiratory pressure and expiratory pressure decreased by 19% and 16%, respectively (P<0.001). There was a 16% reduction in handgrip strength in the second assessment (P<0.001), as well as a reduction of 30.6% in the 30-Second Chair Stand Test (P<0.001). The fatigue test score increased exponentially (60%) (P<0.001). Individuals with worse results in the 30-Second Chair Stand Test remained hospitalised for a longer period than those with better results (P=0.024). Conclusions This study concluded that after the transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells there was a relevant reduction in the results of the applied tests, as well as an increase in fatigue.

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Cobo, Antonio, Elena Villalba-Mora, Dieter Hayn, Xavier Ferre, Rodrigo Pérez-Rodríguez, Alberto Sánchez-Sánchez, Raquel Bernabé-Espiga, et al. "Portable Ultrasound-Based Device for Detecting Older Adults’ Sit-to-Stand Transitions in Unsupervised 30-Second Chair–Stand Tests." Sensors 20, no. 7 (April 1, 2020): 1975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20071975.

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Lower-limb strength is a marker of functional decline in elders. This work studies the feasibility of using the quasi-periodic nature of the distance between a subjects’ back and the chair backrest during a 30-s chair–stand test (CST) to carry out unsupervised measurements based on readings from a low-cost ultrasound sensor. The device comprises an ultrasound sensor, an Arduino UNO board, and a Bluetooth module. Sit-to-stand transitions are identified by filtering the signal with a moving minimum filter and comparing the output to an adaptive threshold. An inter-rater reliability (IRR) study was carried out to validate the device ability to count the same number of valid transitions as the gold-standard manual count. A group of elders (age: mean (m) = 80.79 years old, SD = 5.38; gender: 21 female and seven male) were asked to perform a 30-s CST using the device while a trained nurse manually counted valid transitions. Ultimately, a moving minimum filter was necessary to cancel the effect of outliers, likely produced because older people tend to produce more motion artefacts and, thus, noisier signals. While the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for this study was good (ICC = 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.73, 0.93), it is not yet clear whether the results are sufficient to support clinical decision-making.

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Wattanathorn, Jintanaporn, Supaporn Muchimapura, Terdthai Tong-Un, Narisara Saenghong, Wipawee Thukhum-Mee, and Bungorn Sripanidkulchai. "Positive Modulation Effect of 8-Week Consumption ofKaempferia parvifloraon Health-Related Physical Fitness and Oxidative Status in Healthy Elderly Volunteers." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/732816.

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Health-related physical fitness declines as the age advances. Oxidative stress is reported to contribute the crucial role on this phenomenon. This condition is also enhanced by antioxidant. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect ofKaempferia parviflora, a plant reputed for antifatigue, longevity promotion, and antioxidant effects, on health-related quality physical fitness and oxidative status of the healthy elderly volunteers. Total 45 subjects had been randomized to receive placebo orK. parvifloraextract at doses of 25 or 90 mg once daily for 8 weeks. They were determined baseline data of physical performance using 30 sec chair stand test, hand grip test, 6 min walk test, and tandem test. Serum oxidative stress markers including malondialdehde (MDA) level and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were also assayed. All assessments were performed every 4 weeks throughout the 8-week study period. The results showed thatK. parvifloraincreased performance in 30-second chair stand test and 6 min walk test together with the increased all scavenger enzymes activities and the decreased MDA level. Therefore,K. parvifloracan enhance physical fitness partly via the decreased oxidative stress. In conclusion,K. parviflorais the potential health supplement for elderly. However, further study is required.

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Bruun, I., B. Nørgaard, B. Schiøttz-Christensen, C. B. Mogensen, and T. Maribo. "The 30-second chair stand test and habitual mobility predict reduced physical ability after acute admission." Physiotherapy 102 (November 2016): e224-e225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2016.10.277.

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Lyders Johansen, K., R. Derby Stistrup, J. Madsen, C. Skibdal Schjøtt, and A. Vinther. "The timed up and go test and 30 second Chair-Stand Test are reliable for hospitalized patients with stroke." Physiotherapy 101 (May 2015): e918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1760.

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Ward, Christie L., Rudy J. Valentine, and Ellen M. Evans. "Greater Effect of Adiposity Than Physical Activity or Lean Mass on Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 22, no. 2 (April 2014): 284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2012-0098.

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Adiposity, lean mass, and physical activity (PA) are known to influence physical function in older adults, although the independent influences are not completely characterized. Older adults (N= 156,Mage = 68.9 ± 6.7 yr, 85 men) were assessed for body composition via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, PA by accelerometer, and physical function via timed up-and-go (UP&GO), 30-s chair stand, 6-min walk (6-min WALK), and Star-Excursion Balance Test. In the absence of percentage-body-fat by PA interactions (p> .05), main effects existed such that a higher percentage body fat was associated with poorer performance in UP&GO, 30-s chair stand, and 6-min WALK (p< .05). No significant main effects were found for PA and functional performance. Adiposity explains 4.6–11.4% in physical functional variance (p< .05). Preventing increases in adiposity with age may help older adults maintain functional independence.

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Rajendran, Krishna, Karen F. Vieira, Rajendran Ramaswamy, Robert M. Koffie, Ravikumar Rajendran, Trisha R. Berger, Ramachandra Bharadwaja, Dheeraj Kumar Deep, and Kudiganti Venkateshwarlu. "Assessment of safety and efficacy of Karallief® Easy ClimbTM, an herbal extract blend for supporting joint health: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 10, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20205406.

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Background: Osteoarthritis is common among the aging population worldwide. The current techniques to manage osteoarthritis focus on relieving pain and slowing the progression of the disease. Herbal or natural supplements have shown promise in achieving both these treatment goals. Two new proprietary herbal extract blends, Karallief® Easy ClimbTM (KEC) and herbal extracts with glucosamine (HEG), are combinations of several natural products shown to be effective in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. The current study tested the efficacy and safety of KEC and HEG versus a placebo control.Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study. A total of 120 patients were divided into 3 groups and were given KEC, HEG and Placebo in the ratio 1:1:1. Treatment results were assessed using the 30 second chair stand test, WOMAC test, knee flexion test and joint space measurement using X-rays of the knee joint.Results: The study found that the herbal supplements HEG and KEC significantly reduced osteoarthritis-related knee pain and increased joint mobility and were safe to use during 120 days of treatment. Both supplements resulted in an improvement in the 30 second chair stand test results, WOMAC pain scores, knee flexion, and joint space width as measured by X-ray, as compared to the placebo.Conclusions: Natural supplements such as HEG and KEC improve knee osteoarthritis symptoms and can be a safe and effective treatment option for patients with osteoarthritis.

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SOUMA, Masayuki, Shin MURATA, Hiroaki IWASE, Jun MURATA, Kenji KAMIJOU, Atsuko KUBO, and Aya EDO. "Relationship between Performance in the 30-sec Chair-Stand Test and Physical Function of Community-dwelling Elderly People." Rigakuryoho kagaku 31, no. 5 (2016): 759–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/rika.31.759.

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Nakatani, Toshiaki, Masakazu Nadamoto, Kan-Ichi Mimura, and Minoru Itoh. "Validation of a 30-sec chair-stand test for evaluating lower extremity muscle strength in Japanese elderly adults." Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences) 47, no. 5 (2002): 451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5432/jjpehss.kj00003390725.

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Millor, Nora, Pablo Lecumberri, Marisol Gomez, Alicia Martínez-Ramirez, and Mikel Izquierdo. "KINEMATIC AND KINETIC ANALYSIS OF THE 30-S CHAIR STAND TEST WITH A TRI-AXIAL INERTIAL MAGNETIC SENSOR." Journal of Biomechanics 45 (July 2012): S306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(12)70307-x.

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Hasegawa, R., K. Miyoshi, M. M. Islam, and N. Tomiyama. "P-133: Lower half of leg length influenced 30 seconds chair stand test in community-dwelling older adults." European Geriatric Medicine 6 (September 2015): S67—S68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1878-7649(15)30235-7.

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Jones, C. Jessie, Roberta E. Rikli, and William C. Beam. "A 30-s Chair-Stand Test as a Measure of Lower Body Strength in Community-Residing Older Adults." Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 70, no. 2 (June 1999): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1999.10608028.

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IWAI, Koji, and Tetsuya OGUMA. "Evaluation of Physical Activities Using the 30-s Chair Stand Test in Male Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases." Journal of the Japanese Physical Therapy Association 18, no. 1 (2015): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1298/jjpta.vol18_004.

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Cobo, Antonio, Elena Villalba-Mora, Rodrigo Pérez-Rodríguez, Xavier Ferre, Walter Escalante, Cristian Moral, and Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas. "Automatic and Real-Time Computation of the 30-Seconds Chair-Stand Test without Professional Supervision for Community-Dwelling Older Adults." Sensors 20, no. 20 (October 14, 2020): 5813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205813.

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The present paper describes a system for older people to self-administer the 30-s chair stand test (CST) at home without supervision. The system comprises a low-cost sensor to count sit-to-stand (SiSt) transitions, and an Android application to guide older people through the procedure. Two observational studies were conducted to test (i) the sensor in a supervised environment (n = 7; m = 83.29 years old, sd = 4.19; 5 female), and (ii) the complete system in an unsupervised one (n = 7; age 64–74 years old; 3 female). The participants in the supervised test were asked to perform a 30-s CST with the sensor, while a member of the research team manually counted valid transitions. Automatic and manual counts were perfectly correlated (Pearson’s r = 1, p = 0.00). Even though the sample was small, none of the signals around the critical score were affected by harmful noise; p (harmless noise) = 1, 95% CI = (0.98, 1). The participants in the unsupervised test used the system in their homes for a month. None of them dropped out, and they reported it to be easy to use, comfortable, and easy to understand. Thus, the system is suitable to be used by older adults in their homes without professional supervision.

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Khalil, H., R. van Deursen, L. Quinn, A. Rosser, and M. Busse. "F18 Clinical measurement of sit to stand performance in people with huntington's disease: reliability and validity for 30 seconds chair sit to stand test." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 81, Suppl 1 (September 2010): A28.2—A28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2010.222620.18.

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Millor, N., P. Lecumberri, M. Gomez, A. Martinez-Ramirez, L. Rodriguez-Manas, F. J. Garcia-Garcia, and M. Izquierdo. "Automatic Evaluation of the 30-s Chair Stand Test Using Inertial/Magnetic-Based Technology in an Older Prefrail Population." IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 17, no. 4 (July 2013): 820–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2013.2238243.

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Mato, Lugkana, Jintanaporn Wattanathorn, Supaporn Muchimapura, Terdthai Tongun, Nawanant Piyawatkul, Kwanchanok Yimtae, Panida Thanawirattananit, and Bungorn Sripanidkulchai. "Centella asiaticaImproves Physical Performance and Health-Related Quality of Life in Healthy Elderly Volunteer." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nep177.

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Recently, oxidative stress has been reported to contribute an important role in the decline of physical function as age advances. Numerous antioxidants can improve both physical and psychological performances resulting in the increase of health-related quality of life (HQOL). Therefore, we hypothesized thatCentella asiatica, a medicinal plant reputed for nerve tonic, strength improvement and antioxidant activity, could improve the physical performance and HQOL especially in the physical satisfaction aspect, of the healthy elderly volunteer. To test this hypothesis, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was performed. Eighty healthy elderly were randomly assigned to receive placebo or standardized extract ofC. asiaticaat doses of 250, 500 and 750 mg once daily for 90 days. The subjects were evaluated to establish baseline data of physical performance using 30-s chair stand test, hand grip test and 6-min walk test. The health-related quality of life was assessed using SF-36. These assessments were repeated every month throughout the 3-month experimental period using the aforementioned parameters. Moreover, 1 month after the cessation ofC. asiaticatreatment, all subjects were also evaluated using these parameters again. The results showed that after 2 months of treatment,C. asiaticaat doses of 500 and 750 mg per day increased lower extremity strength assessed via the 30-s chair stand test. In addition, the higher doses ofC. asiaticacould improve the life satisfaction subscale within the physical function subscale. Therefore, the results from this study appear to support the traditional reputation ofC. asiaticaon strength improvement, especially in the lower extremities of the elderly.C. asiaticaalso possesses the potential to be a natural resource for vigor and strength increase, in healthy elderly persons. However, further research is essential.

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Becofsky, Katie, Meghan Baruth, and Sara Wilcox. "Physical Functioning, Perceived Disability, and Depressive Symptoms in Adults with Arthritis." Arthritis 2013 (September 5, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/525761.

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This study investigated how physical functioning and perceived disability are related to depressive symptoms in adults with arthritis (n=401). Participants self-reported depressive symptoms and disability. Objective measures of physical functioning included the 30-second chair stand test, 6-minute walk test, gait speed, balance, grip strength, and the seated reach test. Separate quantile regression models tested associations between each functional measure and depressive symptoms, controlling for age, gender, race, BMI, self-reported health status, and arthritis medication use. The association between perceived disability and depressive symptoms was also tested. Participants averaged 56.3±10.7 years; 85.8% were women; 64.3% were white. Lower distance in the 6-minute walk test, fewer chair stands, slower gait speed, and greater perceived disability were associated with greater depressive symptoms in unadjusted models (Ps<0.05). Fewer chair stands and greater perceived disability were associated with more depressive symptoms in adjusted models (Ps<0.05). Balance, grip strength, and seated reach were not related to depressive symptoms. The perception of being disabled was more strongly associated with depressive symptoms than reduced physical functioning. To reduce the risk of depression in arthritic populations, it may be critical to not only address physical symptoms but also to emphasize coping skills and arthritis self-efficacy.

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Carbonell-Baeza, Ana, Alejandro Romero, Virginia A. Aparicio, Francisco B. Ortega, Pablo Tercedor, Manuel Delgado-Fernández, and Jonatan R. Ruiz. "Preliminary Findings of a 4-Month Tai Chi Intervention on Tenderness, Functional Capacity, Symptomatology, and Quality of Life in Men With Fibromyalgia." American Journal of Men's Health 5, no. 5 (March 15, 2011): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988311400063.

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The study aimed to determine the effects of a 4-month Tai Chi intervention on tenderness, functional capacity, symptomatology, and quality of life in men with fibromyalgia. The effect of a 3-month detraining period was also analyzed. Six men with fibromyalgia (age 52.3 ± 9.3 years) followed a 4-month Tai Chi intervention. The outcome variables were tenderness, functional capacity (30-second chair stand, handgrip strength, chair sit and reach, back scratch, blind flamingo, 8 feet up and go, and 6-minute walk tests), and self-administered questionnaires. A significant improvement ( p = .028) after the intervention period for the chair sit and reach test was found, such improvement was maintained after the detraining phase. Tenderness, symptomatology, and quality of life did not significantly change after the intervention period or the detraining phase. In summary, a 4-month Tai Chi intervention improved lower body flexibility in men with fibromyalgia. This improvement persisted after the detraining period.

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OSSOWSKI, ZBIGNIEW M. "Skeletal muscle index and its association with mobility among community‐dwelling older women." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 13, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.13.1.05.

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Background: The loss of muscle function and reduced mobility levels are the main reasons for the limitations of independence and disability in older people. The main aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the skeletal muscle index and mobility in older women. Material and methods: ‪The study involved 166 older women. Skeletal muscle mass and other body components were determined by bioimpedance using an InBody 720 device. Functional mobility was evaluated with the timed up-and-go test. 30-second chair stand was also used to measure the level of functional strength in lower extremities. Results: ‪The skeletal muscle index was positively correlated with functional mobility (r=-0.22; p=0.00) and 30-second chair stand (r=-0.47; p=0.00). However, the strength of lower extremities was a significantly better parameter in predicting mobility in older women than the skeletal muscle index and skeletal muscle mass. Conclusions: The functional strength of lower extremity muscles and the skeletal muscle index can have a positive effect on functional mobility in older people. The results may be helpful in clinical practice when diagnosing mobility limitations and in the process of programming physical activity of older women aimed at the prevention of sarcopenia.

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Andrade, Luana Siqueira, Stephanie Santana Pinto, Mariana Ribeiro Silva, Paula Carolini Campelo, Samara Nickel Rodrigues, Mariana Borba Gomes, Vitor Lima Krüger, Graciele Ferreira de Ferreira, and Cristine Lima Alberton. "Randomized Clinical Trial of Water-Based Aerobic Training in Older Women (WATER Study): Functional Capacity and Quality of Life Outcomes." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 17, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 781–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2019-0552.

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Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 2 water-based aerobic training programs on functional capacity and quality of life (QoL) of older women. Design: Randomized clinical trial. Methods: A total of 41 women (64.3 [3.1] y) were randomized into a continuous (CTG) and an interval (ITG) water-based aerobic training group. Training programs were performed with exercise intensity based on rating of perceived exertion throughout 12 weeks (twice a week). Functional tests with and without dual-task and QoL questionnaire were applied pretraining and posttraining. Per protocol and intention to treat analysis were conducted using generalized estimating equations, with Bonferroni post hoc test (α = .05). Results: The per protocol analysis showed an increase in the 30-second chair stand (6% [12%] vs 18% [13%]), 6-minute walk (4% [7%] vs 2% [8%]), and 5-m habitual gait velocity (6% [11%] vs 4% [7%]) tests after CTG and ITG training groups. In addition, the intention to treat analysis revealed an increase in the 30-second chair stand test (7% [13%] vs 12% [13%]) and physical domain of QoL (8% [26%] vs 14% [22%]) after CTG and ITG training groups, as well as an increase in the gait velocity with verbal task after CTG (6% [11%]). Conclusions: Both water-based aerobic training programs induced similar improvements in the functional capacity and maintained the QoL perception in older women.

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Hruda, Kim V., Audrey L. Hicks, and Neil Mccartney. "Training for Muscle Power in Older Adults: Effects on Functional Abilities." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 28, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 178–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h03-014.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of simple, progressive lower body exercise training, focusing on strength and power, on functional abilities in frail older adults. Twenty-five residents of a long-term care facility (75-94 yrs) participated in this randomized controlled trial of 10 wks duration. The exercise group (Ex, n = 18) underwent simple, progressive lower body resistance exercises, specifically aimed at improving muscle power, 3 times/wk; the control subjects (Con, n = 7) maintained their usual daily activities. Knee extensor strength and power were measured on an isokinetic dynamometer (180°/s), and functional performance was assessed from a 6 m walk timed test, a 30 s chair stand, and an 8 ft up-and-go timed test, before and after the 10 wk intervention period. Significant increases were found in the Ex group for eccentric (44%) and concentric (60%) average power (p < 0.05), and improvements were seen on each functional test: the 8-foot up-and-go, chair stand, and walk time improved by 31%, 66%, and 33%, respectively (p < 0.05). No significant change occurred in the Con group. In conclusion, simple progressive exercise training, even in the 10th decade, increases muscle power and is associated with an improved performance of functional activities using the trained muscles. Key words: frail elderly, leg strength, functional performance

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Lee, Ho, Yeh, Hung, Chang, Liu, Tseng, and Hsieh. "Cross-Sectional Associations of Physical Fitness Performance Level and Sleep Duration among Older Adults: Results from the National Physical Fitness Survey in Taiwan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 2 (January 7, 2020): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020388.

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Research on relationships between physical fitness and sleep duration among older adults is scarce, especially in Taiwanese representative samples of elderly people who undergo physical fitness measurements. This study aimed to determine the associations between physical fitness and short and long sleep durations among older adults in Taiwan. We conducted a cross-sectional study and reviewed data derived from the National Physical Fitness Survey in Taiwan. A total of 24,125 Taiwanese adults aged 65 years and older participated in this study between October 2014 and March 2015. Each individual’s sleep duration was recorded with a standard questionnaire method. Sleep duration data were stratified into short (≤5 h), normal (6–7 h), and long (≥8 h) sleep duration groups. Physical fitness was assessed by five components: aerobic endurance (2 min step test), muscle strength and endurance (30 s arm curl and 30 s chair stand tests), flexibility (back scratch and chair sit-and-reach tests), body composition (body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)), and balance (one-leg stance with eye open and 8-foot up-and-go tests). To understand whether a dose–response relationship exists between physical fitness and short or long sleep duration, we analyzed four levels of performance on the basis of quartiles of physical fitness measurements by using logistic regression. The first quartile of physical fitness performance was the baseline level. The odds ratio (OR) for short sleep duration for the third quartile of BMI was 0.8031 times (95% CI, 0.7119–0.9061) lower than the baseline. For the fourth quartile of BMI, the OR was 0.8660 times (95% CI, 0.7653–0.9800) lower than the baseline. The adjusted OR for long sleep duration significantly decreased in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of the 30 s chair stand, back scratch, chair sit-and-reach test, one-leg stance with one eye open, and BMI. The adjusted OR was increased in the third and fourth quartiles of the 8-foot up-and-go and WHR. The results of the current study suggest that physical fitness performance may influence sleep duration as an associated factor, and the relationship is much stronger for long sleep duration than for short sleep duration.

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Klempel, Natalie, Nicole E. Blackburn, Ilona L. McMullan, Jason J. Wilson, Lee Smith, Conor Cunningham, Roger O’Sullivan, Paolo Caserotti, and Mark A. Tully. "The Effect of Chair-Based Exercise on Physical Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041902.

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Physical activity is an important determinant of health in later life. The public health restrictions in response to COVID-19 have interrupted habitual physical activity behaviours in older adults. In response, numerous exercise programmes have been developed for older adults, many involving chair-based exercise. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise the effects of chair-based exercise on the health of older adults. Ovid Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, PyscInfo and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from inception to 1 April 2020. Chair-based exercise programmes in adults ≥50 years, lasting for at least 2 weeks and measuring the impact on physical function were included. Risk of bias of included studies were assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tool v2. Intervention content was described using TiDieR Criteria. Where sufficient studies (≥3 studies) reported data on an outcome, a random effects meta-analysis was performed. In total, 25 studies were included, with 19 studies in the meta-analyses. Seventeen studies had a low risk of bias and five had a high risk of bias. In this systematic review including 1388 participants, results demonstrated that chair-based exercise programmes improve upper extremity (handgrip strength: MD = 2.10; 95% CI = 0.76, 3.43 and 30 s arm curl test: MD = 2.82; 95% CI = 1.34, 4.31) and lower extremity function (30 s chair stand: MD 2.25; 95% CI = 0.64, 3.86). The findings suggest that chair-based exercises are effective and should be promoted as simple and easily implemented activities to maintain and develop strength for older adults.

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Goda, Akio, Shin Murata, Hideki Nakano, Hina Matsuda, Kana Yokoe, Hodaka Mitsumoto, Kayoko Shiraiwa, Teppei Abiko, and Jun Horie. "Temporal Patterns in Performance of the 30 s Chair-Stand Test Evince Differences in Physical and Mental Characteristics among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan." Healthcare 8, no. 2 (May 28, 2020): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8020146.

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Studies involving the 30 s chair-stand test (CS-30) have shown that subjects’ movements can vary during the test, and that these variations may follow several patterns. The present study aimed to define these different patterns and their respective incidences among a population of community-dwelling older adults in Japan. We also investigated, among the patterns identified, potential associations with physical and mental characteristics. The study population comprised 202 community-dwelling older adults. Subjects were classified into four groups based on how their CS-30 performance (defined through sit–stand–sit cycle count) changed over three successive 10 s segments: “steady-goers,” “fluctuators,” “decelerators,” and “accelerators.” Several other measures were also evaluated, including sit-up count, knee-extension strength, toe-grip strength, and Mini-Mental State Examination score. We found that steady-goers and decelerators comprised 70% of the sample. Fluctuators and steady-goers showed comparable physical function. Decelerators exhibited significant correlations between CS-30 score (total cycles) and tasks involving persistence and repetitive actions (p < 0.05). In addition, accelerators showed significantly stronger knee extension than steady-goers (p < 0.01). Differences in temporal patterns of CS-30 performance corresponded to differences in certain dimensions of physical and mental function. Our findings may be useful for planning and evaluating intervention programs aimed at long-term-care prevention among community-dwelling older adults.

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Bruun, Inge Hansen, Christian B. Mogensen, Birgitte Nørgaard, Berit Schiøttz-Christensen, and Thomas Maribo. "Validity and Responsiveness to Change of the 30-Second Chair-Stand Test in Older Adults Admitted to an Emergency Department." Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy 42, no. 4 (2019): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/jpt.0000000000000166.

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Karnes, James, Victoria Bates, Ashley Chafin, Sarah Fisher, Kelcie Gilmore, and Kelsey Pack. "Effects of a Fall Prevention Program on Fall Risks, Fear of Falling, and Depression in Older Active Adults." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.755.

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Abstract Falls are the leading cause of injury in older adults; one in four older adults fall each year. The Otago Exercise Program (OEP) is an evidence-based fall prevention program that has been shown to reduce fall risk factors. However, exercise dosage is not known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of different frequencies of an OEP-based program on fall risk factors, fear of falling, and depression in older adults. Of 62 subjects initially recruited at community centers, 28 subjects met inclusion criteria and were assigned to control (Con), once-weekly (Grp 1), or twice-weekly (Grp 2) intervention groups based on subject attendance. Intervention consisted of a 12-week OEP-based program. Pre-intervention dependent variables included: 4-Stage Balance Test, 30-Second Chair Stand, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Modified Fall Efficacy Scale (MFES). After 12 weeks, post-intervention testing assessed changes in these variables. Preliminary analysis of data using mixed design ANOVA (p.05) indicated significant changes between and within all groups for TUG and 30-Second Chair Stand. Results also suggested all groups improved on all variables with a direct relationship to exercise frequency. Furthermore, Grp2 improved more than Grp1 and Con in the 4-Stage Balance Test. These findings suggest an OEP-based falls prevention program performed 2x/week is more beneficial in decreasing fall risks and increasing lower extremity muscle strength than 1x/week. Moreover, results imply exercise frequency may be important in improving the magnitude of select falls risks variables.

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Adusumilli, Gautam, Solomon Eben Joseph, Michael A. Samaan, Brooke Schultz, Tijana Popovic, Richard B. Souza, and Sharmila Majumdar. "iPhone Sensors in Tracking Outcome Variables of the 30-Second Chair Stand Test and Stair Climb Test to Evaluate Disability: Cross-Sectional Pilot Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 5, no. 10 (October 27, 2017): e166. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mhealth.8656.

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Hauser, Eduardo, Fernando Luiz Cardoso, and Giovana Zarpellon Mazo. "REFERENCE VALUES FOR BALANCE IN PHYSICALLY ACTIVE ELDERLY WOMEN." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 26, no. 4 (August 2020): 328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220202604193086.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Body balance is one of the most important factors related to falls, quality of life, and independence, and its evaluation is therefore important. Objective To establish reference values for balance tests in physically active older women from different age groups. Methods The sample consisted of 192 physically active women aged 60 to 79 years who were submitted to the following tests: timed up and go (TUG), one-leg stand (OLS), five-repetition chair stand (CS-5), functional reach (FR), and tandem stand test (TST). Descriptive statistics (percentile analysis) and the Mann-Whitney U test were used. Results In older women aged 60 to 69 years, the values indicating “good” balance were a score less than 5.7 s in the TUG, achieving 30 s of OLS, performing the CS-5 test in less than 8.5 s, and a result greater than 35.5 cm in the FR test. In older women aged 70 to 79 years, the values indicating “good” balance were a score less than 5.9 s in the TUG, achieving 30 s of OLS, performing the CS-5 in less than 8.5 s, and a result greater than 33 cm in the FR test. In the TST, most of the physically active subjects achieved the ceiling performance. Conclusion The reference values obtained are similar to or better than those reported in the literature. The use of the TST is not recommended for physically active older women because of its low discriminatory power in this group. Level of evidence III; Study of non consecutive patients; without consistently applied reference ‘‘gold’’ standard.

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García-Garro, Patricia Alexandra, Fidel Hita-Contreras, Antonio Martínez-Amat, Alexander Achalandabaso-Ochoa, José Daniel Jiménez-García, David Cruz-Díaz, and Agustín Aibar-Almazán. "Effectiveness of A Pilates Training Program on Cognitive and Functional Abilities in Postmenopausal Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 3580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103580.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a Pilates exercises program on the cognitive and physical functioning of older Spanish women. This study is a randomized clinical trial; a total of 110 women aged ≥60 years were initially allocated to either a Pilates group (PG, n = 55), who underwent a 12-week Pilates exercise program, or to a control group (CG, n = 55), who did not receive any intervention. Global cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination), verbal fluency (Isaacs test), executive function (Trail Making Test), functional flexibility (Back Scratch Test and Chair Sit-and-Reach Test), and lower-body strength (30 s Chair-Stand Test) were assessed before and immediately after the intervention period. The main findings of this study suggest that women in the PG (within-group differences) experienced improvements across all the variables examined except for global cognitive function. When compared with the CG (between-group differences), our analysis revealed significant benefits in the PG for all measures except for global cognitive function and functional flexibility (Back Scratch Test). In conclusion, our results suggest that Pilates has the potential to improve both cognitive and functional abilities among Spanish women aged 60 years and over.

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Journal articles on the topic '30 sekunder chair stand test'

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