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1

KV, Sudhakar, Rawn Penn, Coguill Ronda, Coguill Scott, Winsor Taylor, and Madigan Bruce. "Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Evaluation of Biomaterial Grade 316L Stainless Steel Produced by Additive Manufacturing." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 5, no. 2 (2018): 106–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10702256.

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<strong>ABSTRACT </strong> In this investigation, 316L stainless steel, one of the three metal alloy grades used as a biomaterial, is produced by a selective laser melting process (SLM) of additive manufacturing. Static properties and microstructures including fracture morphologies were investigated as a function of build angles of 0, 30, 60, and 90 degrees. Static properties, namely elastic modulus, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and percent elongation were evaluated using a MTS landmark servo hydraulic machine. Microstructures were characterized using a Leica DM750P optical micro
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2

Kuffner, Bruna Horta Bastos, Patricia Capellato, Larissa Mayra Silva Ribeiro, Daniela Sachs та Gilbert Silva. "Production and Characterization of a 316L Stainless Steel/β-TCP Biocomposite Using the Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) Technique for Dental and Orthopedic Applications". Metals 11, № 12 (2021): 1923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11121923.

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Metallic biomaterials are widely used for implants and dental and orthopedic applications due to their good mechanical properties. Among all these materials, 316L stainless steel has gained special attention, because of its good characteristics as an implantable biomaterial. However, the Young’s modulus of this metal is much higher than that of human bone (~193 GPa compared to 5–30 GPa). Thus, a stress shielding effect can occur, leading the implant to fail. In addition, due to this difference, the bond between implant and surrounding tissue is weak. Already, calcium phosphate ceramics, such a
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3

Arango-Santander, Santiago, Alejandro Pelaez-Vargas, Sidónio C. Freitas, and Claudia García. "Surface Modification by Combination of Dip-Pen Nanolithography and Soft Lithography for Reduction of Bacterial Adhesion." Journal of Nanotechnology 2018 (November 21, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8624735.

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Dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) and soft lithography are techniques suitable to modify the surface of biomaterials. Modified surfaces might play a role in modulating cells and reducing bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. The main objective of this study was threefold: first, to create patterns at microscale on model surfaces using DPN; second, to duplicate and transfer these patterns to a real biomaterial surface using a microstamping technique; and finally, to assess bacterial adhesion to these developed patterned surfaces using the cariogenic species Streptococcus mutans. DPN was used wi
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4

Shetty, Sandeep, Nandish B. T., Vivek Amin, Pooja Harish, Stanly Selva Kumar, and Shahira. "Evaluation of 3D printed PEEK and other 3D printed biocompatible materials as healthcare devices." Biomedicine 42, no. 5 (2022): 956–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51248/.v42i5.1959.

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Introduction and Aim: Additive manufacturing has sought a widespread attention and higher rate of development which can also be modeled by processing of the data acquired by medical Computer Tomography scan. The object is built on a built plate of the printer in layers to form a final required model. Thus, a patient-specific model can be created from imaging data set. Materials available for such printing are elastomers, polymers, metals, or ceramics. The polymer, Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has been used in health care applications, such as medical devices, and implants due to its high stre
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5

Singh, Gurpreet, Yubraj Lamichhane, Amandeep Singh Bhui, Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu, Preetkanwal Singh Bains, and Prabin Mukhiya. "SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND MICROHARDNESS BEHAVIOR OF 316L IN HAP-PMEDM." Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering 17, no. 3 (2019): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.22190/fume190510040s.

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The development of biomaterials for implants nowadays requires materials with superior mechanical and physical properties for enhanced osseointegration and sustained longevity. This research work was conducted to investigate the influence of nano hydroxyapatite (HAp) powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) on surface morphology and microhardness of modified 316L stainless steel surface. The chosen process parameters were discharge current, pulse on/off duration and gap voltage in order to analyze the selected output responses. HAp concentration (15 g/l) along with reverse polarity
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6

Yang, Tairan, Brian De La Franier, and Michael Thompson. "Anti-Thrombogenicity Study of a Covalently-Attached Monolayer on Stent-Grade Stainless Steel." Materials 14, no. 9 (2021): 2342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092342.

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Implantable devices fabricated from austenitic type 316L stainless steel have been employed significantly in medicine, principally because the material displays excellent mechanical characteristics and corrosion resistance. It is well known, however, that interaction of exposure of such a material to blood can initiate platelet adhesion and blood coagulation, leading to a harmful medical condition. In order to prevent undesirable surface platelet adhesion on biomaterials employed in procedures such as renal dialysis, we developed an ultrathin anti-thrombogenic covalently attached monolayer bas
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Akram, Waseem, Rumaisa Zahid, Raja Muhammad Usama, et al. "Enhancement of Antibacterial Properties, Surface Morphology and In Vitro Bioactivity of Hydroxyapatite-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Coating by Electrophoretic Deposition Technique." Bioengineering 10, no. 6 (2023): 693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060693.

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To develop medical-grade stainless-steel 316L implants that are biocompatible, non-toxic and antibacterial, such implants need to be coated with biomaterials to meet the current demanding properties of biomedical materials. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is commonly used as a bone implant coating due to its excellent biocompatible properties. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are added to HA to increase its antibacterial and cohesion properties. The specimens were made of a stainless-steel grade 316 substrate coated with HA-ZnO using the electrophoretic deposition technique (EPD), and were subsequently char
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8

Sridevi, C., P. Karthikeyan, D. Dhivyapriya, L. Mitu, P. Maheswaran, and S. Sathishkumar. "Microflower like Zinc Oxide/Cerium, Lanthanum Substituted Hydroxyapatite Bilayer Coating on Surgical Grade Stainless Steel for Corrosion Resistance, Antibacterial and Bioactive Properties." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 4 (2020): 815–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22422.

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The growing evidence of beneficial role of zinc in bone has increased the interest of developing zinc-containing biomaterials for medical applications and specifically biocompatible coatings that can be deposited on metallic implants to benefit from their load-bearing capabilities. In present work, zinc oxide/cerium, lanthanum substituted (ZnO/Ce,La-HAP) hydroxyapatite bilayer coatings have been fabricated by electrodeposition technique. As developed, ZnO/Ce,La-HAP bilayer coatings were then structurally, morphologically and chemically characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscop
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9

Yang, Jikun, Meng Wang, Xiaoyang Li, et al. "Structural and electrochemical corrosion studies of spin coated ZrO2 thin films over stainless steel alloy for bone defect applications." Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials 20 (January 2022): 228080002110667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22808000211066784.

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Sol-Gel-based reaction mixture sols have been long used to fabricate dense and uniform bioactive coatings with superior mechanical stability over metallic implants. On account of precise control over synthesis, fabrication, formed and low temperature of processing, this technology is one of the most feasible routes to produce bio-ceramic coatings. The study aims to develop a physical barrier over metal implants in form of bioinert Zirconia coatings, phase-stabilized using Dysprosium. The metallic substrates were cut into 10 mm × 10 mm samples and diamond polished after being polished with a 10
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10

Anjar Anggraini H, Lely Susita R. M. ,. Bambang Siswanto, Ihwanul Aziz,. "PENGARUH DOSIS ION NITROGEN PADA KETAHANAN KOROSI, STRUKTUR MIKRO DAN STRUKTUR FASE BIOMATERIAL STAINLESS STEEL AUSTENITIK 316L." GANENDRA Majalah IPTEK Nuklir 19, no. 1 (2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/gnd.2016.19.1.2777.

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ABSTRAK PENGARUH DOSIS ION NITROGEN PADA KETAHANAN KOROSI, STRUKTUR MIKRO DAN STRUKTUR FASE BIOMATERIAL STAINLESS STEEL AUSTENITIK 316L. Keberhasilan pemanfaatan biomaterial untuk piranti cangkok ortopedik ditentukan oleh sifat-sifat mekanik, stabilitas kimia dan biokompatibilitas dalam jaringan dan cairan tubuh. Ketahanan korosi adalah salah satu sifat utama biomaterial untuk menentukan keberhasilan cangkok ortopedik dalam jaringan tubuh. Terlepasnya partikel-partikel dari piranti cangkok ortopedik berbahan metal ke sekitar sel atau jaringan dapat mengakibatkan peradangan, reaksi alergi, toks
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11

Ahmad Fikri, Agam Muarif, Rizka Mulyawan, and Nursakinah. "Analisis Tegangan Pada Bone Plate Stainless Steel 316L untuk Aplikasi Biomateria." Current Biochemistry 10, no. 1 (2023): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/cb.10.1.3.

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Biomaterial adalah material yang digunakan untuk mengganti struktur biologis yang hilang atau sakit. Material ini harus dapat diterima oleh tubuh. Salah satu biomaterial yang paling banyak digunakan untuk aplikasi bone plate adalah stainless steel 316L. Saat diaplikasikan pada tubuh pasien, material ini akan mendapatkan beban sejajar permukaan. Beban ini merupakan beban yang cukup dominan diterima oleh bone plate stainless steel 316L. Beban yang diterima bone plate stainless steel 316L akan berubah dan bervariasi. Sehingga perlu dilakukan simulasi tegangan degan memberikan gaya tekan pada bone
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12

Gatto, Maria Laura, Giorgia Cerqueni, Riccardo Groppo, et al. "On the Biomechanical Performances of Duplex Stainless Steel Graded Scaffolds Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion for Tissue Engineering Applications." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, no. 10 (2023): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14100489.

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This experimental study aims to extend the know-how on biomechanical performances of duplex stainless steel (DSS) for tissue engineering applications to a graded lattice geometry scaffold based on the F53 DSS (UNS S32750 according to ASTM A182) produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). The same dense-out graded geometry based on rhombic dodecahedral elementary unit cells investigated in previous work on 316L stainless steel (SS) was adopted here for the manufacturing of the F53 DSS scaffold (SF53). Microstructural characterization and mechanical and biological tests were carried out on the S
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13

Hryniewicz, Tadeusz, Krzysztof Rokosz, and Massimiliano Filippi. "Biomaterial Studies on AISI 316L Stainless Steel after Magnetoelectropolishing." Materials 2, no. 1 (2009): 129–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma2010129.

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14

Aykac, Emre, and Mustafa Turkmen. "Investigation of the Biocompatibility of Laser Treated 316L Stainless Steel Materials." Coatings 12, no. 12 (2022): 1821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121821.

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In this study, 316L stainless steel materials, which are widely used in the industry, were produced by investment casting management. Depending on the microstructure, the hardness values constitute an important stage of the properties that can be developed and controlled. For this purpose, the differences between the microstructure and hardness properties of 316L stainless steel, which is produced by the investment casting method, and 316L stainless steel, which is currently used commercially, were examined. The changes caused by the fiber laser on the surface of 316L materials produced with t
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15

Abudalazez, Asam M. A., Shah Rizal Kasim, Azlan B. Ariffin, and Zainal Arifin Ahmad. "Preparation and Characterization of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Coatings on 316L Stainless Steel Fabricated by Electrophoretic Deposition." Advanced Materials Research 620 (December 2012): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.620.373.

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Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic is a synthetic biomaterial exhibiting a chemical composition similar to that of tooth mineral. Therefore, it is viably used in coating metallic implants manufactured from metals and alloys, such as titanium and stainless steel. In the present study, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) has been attempted for depositing BCP coatings on 316L Stainless Steel substrate followed by vacuum sintering at 800 °C for 1 h. The surface morphology, thickness, compositions and microstructure of the BCP coated 316L SS was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM)
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16

Suprihanto, Agus. "Polarization Corrosion Test of Austenitic Stainless Steel 316L after High Temperature Gas Nitriding." ROTASI 20, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/rotasi.20.1.1-4.

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Austenitic stainless steel 316L is ones of popular metallic biomaterial for implant due to the good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However at corrosion media, highly stressed and oxygen-depleted environment, it still susceptible to corrosion. Various methods have been developed to enhance the corrosion resistance of stainless steel such as high temperature gas nitriding. High temperature gas nitriding for 316L has been successfully done. This process is conducted at temperature 1050, 1100 and 1200oC for 15 and 30 minutes before quenching in the water. Polarization corrosion te
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17

Mahyudin, Ferdiansyah, Heppy Chandra Waskita, Dwikora Novembri Utomo, Heri Suroto, and Tri Wahyu Martanto. "Uji Biokompabilitas pada Implan Orthopedi Antara Implan Impor, Implan Lokal dari Material Impor, dan Prototipe Stainless Steel 316L dari Material Lokal." Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya 3, no. 1 (2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/jqm.v3i1.1612.

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ABSTRACT Demands of orthopedic implants are increasing in Indonesia, but its production are limited and still imported. Stainless steel, especially 316L is one of metal that is used commonly. This research evaluates biocompatibility of stainless steel 316L implant prototype, local implant manufactured using imported stainless steel, and imported stainless steel implant. Cytotoxicity test used mesenchymal human cell with MTT assay. Irritation test, acute toxicity/pyrogenicity test, and implantation test used 24 Wistar rats respectively which were assigned to 4 groups. We evaluate Draize score,
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18

Li, Yan Li, Song Xiang, Hong Tao Zeng, Jiang Ping Wang, and Quan Ding Wang. "The Corrosion Behavior of 304L and 316L Stainless Steel in Food Grade Phosphoric Acid Solutions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 109 (October 2011): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.109.28.

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The corrosion behavior of 304L and 316L stainless steel have been investigated in 55 °C,85% food grade phosphoric acid solution by weight loss method and dynamic potential scan , the surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results showed that the number of pits in 304L was much more than that in 316L. The contents of Cr inside pits were greater than that in the smooth surface in the two stainless steels, indicating the Cr-poor are prone to corrosion. All the samples exhibited stable passive behavior which can be seen from the potentiodynamic polarization curve
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19

Yahyaoui, Houda, Mannena Sahraoui, and Mohamed Habibi. "Corrosion behavior of selective laser melted biomaterials in a physiological environment." Matériaux & Techniques 112, no. 2 (2024): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2023044.

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Medical applications are today the most important areas that use additively manufactured parts. The choose of the convenient biomaterial during implant design depends on several criteria such as biocompatibility, osteointegration and processing cost. The purpose of this work is to compare the corrosion behavior of AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel and Titanium TiAl6V4 orthopedic implants manufactured by selective laser melting. For each material the process parameters were varied to obtain comparable surface states mainly evaluated by microgeometric quality and porosities distribution. The
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20

Hren, Miha, Tadeja Kosec, Mari Lindgren, Elina Huttunen-Saarivirta, and Andraž Legat. "Sensor Development for Corrosion Monitoring of Stainless Steels in H2SO4 Solutions." Sensors 21, no. 4 (2021): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041449.

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Equipment made of different stainless steels is often used in the hydrometallurgical processing industry. In this study, an electrical resistance sensor was developed for monitoring corrosion in acidic solutions at high temperature. Two types of stainless steel were used as the electrode materials, namely grade 316L stainless steel (EN 1.4404) and grade 2507 duplex stainless steel (EN 1.4410). The materials and sensors were exposed to a 10% H2SO4 solution containing 5000 mg/L of NaCl at various temperatures. Results from the sensors were verified using electrochemical techniques and postexposu
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Zatkalíková, Viera, Milan Uhríčik, Lenka Markovičová, Lucia Pastierovičová, and Lenka Kuchariková. "The Effect of Sensitization on the Susceptibility of AISI 316L Biomaterial to Pitting Corrosion." Materials 16, no. 16 (2023): 5714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16165714.

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Due to the combination of high corrosion resistance and suitable mechanical properties, AISI 316L stainless steel is extensively used as the biomaterial for surgical implants. However, heat exposure in inappropriate temperatures can cause its sensitization accompanied by chromium depletion along the grain boundaries. This study deals with an assessment of the susceptibility of sensitized AISI 316L biomaterial to pitting under conditions simulating the internal environment of the human body (Hank’s balanced salt solution, 37 ± 0.5 °C). The resistance to pitting corrosion is tested by the potent
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22

Walke, W., and J. Przondziono. "Physicochemical and Electrochemical Properties of Aisi 316L Stainless Steel Used for Implants in Human Urinary System." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 58, no. 2 (2013): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2013-0048.

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The main purpose of this study was to evaluate physicochemical and electrochemical properties of AISI 316L stainless steel with modified surface, used for implants in human urinary system. In order to simulate conditions, which occur in the tissue environment of the urinary system, the test pieces were exposed in a urinary solution at temperature of T=37 ±1ºC, for a period of 30 days. Evaluation of physicochemical properties of biomaterial was made on the basis of surface chemical analysis (XPS). To evaluate the effects which occur on the surface of the examined steel, Electrochemical Impedanc
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23

Zingkou, Eleni, Asimina Kolianou, Georgios Angelis, et al. "Cytocompatibility Study of Stainless Steel 316l Against Differentiated SH-SY5Y Cells." Biomimetics 10, no. 3 (2025): 169. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10030169.

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Stainless steel (SS) 316l constitutes a popular biomaterial with various applications as implants in cardiovascular and orthopedic surgery, as well as in dentistry. Nevertheless, its cytocompatibility against neuronal cells has not been investigated, a feature that is important for the construction of implants that require contact with neurons, e.g., neuronal electrodes. In addition, most cytocompatibility studies have focused on decorated or surface-modified SS 316l. On the other hand, SH-SY5Y cells are an established cellular model for cytocompatibility studies of potential biomaterials give
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24

Jujur, I. Nyoman, Sri Endah Susilowati, Seto Roseno, and Agus Hadi Santosa Wargadipura. "The Effect of Niobium Addition on Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of a Medical Grade SS316L." ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering 21, no. 2 (2021): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ajche.63778.

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To improve mechanical properties, especially elongation, of as-cast medical grade 316L stainless steel, niobium (Nb) was introduced into the alloys, followed by solution heat treatment. Alloying was performed using a 250 kg air induction melting furnace with duplex raw materials and ferronickel. Heat treatment using a solution at 1040 oC, with a holding time of 45 minutes, and water quenching was used. The sample was tested using hardness and ultimate tensile machines. Corrosion tests with simulated body fluids were carried out using media with similar corrosion conditions to human blood. Micr
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25

Ahmed, Yusra, Muhammad Yasir, and Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman. "Fabrication and Characterization of Zein/Hydroxyapatite Composite Coatings for Biomedical Applications." Surfaces 3, no. 2 (2020): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surfaces3020018.

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Stainless steel is renowned for its wide use as a biomaterial, but its relatively high corrosion rate in physiological environments restricts many of its clinical applications. To overcome the corrosion resistance of stainless steel bio-implants in physiological environments and to improve its osseointegration behavior, we have developed a unique zein/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite coating on a stainless steel substrate by Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD). The EPD parameters were optimized using the Taguchi Design of experiments (DoE) approach. The EPD parameters, such as the concentration of b
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26

Szymański, Michał, and Mateusz Kukliński. "Geometrical structure of surface after turning of 316L stainless steel in laser assisted conditions." Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials 39, no. 1 (2019): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amtm-2019-0012.

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Abstract The effects of turning 316L steel in a laser assisted machining are presented in this paper. The properties of 316L stainless steel are also shown in this article. In order to show correlation between the technological parameters, microgeometry of cutting tools and geometrical structure of surface, turning of material in grade 316L supported by laser has been executed. In addition, optical examination of cutting inserts has been performed and geometrical measurements of machined surfaces have been taken. The results of researches on the effects of the technological parameters and cutt
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Zatkalíková, Viera, Juraj Halanda, Dušan Vaňa, et al. "Corrosion Resistance of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Biomaterial after Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation of Nitrogen." Materials 14, no. 22 (2021): 6790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14226790.

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Plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) of nitrogen is low-temperature surface technology which enables the improvement of tribological properties without a deterioration of the corrosion behavior of austenitic stainless steels. In this paper the corrosion properties of PIII-treated AISI 316L stainless steel surfaces are evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and exposure immersion tests (all carried out in the 0.9 wt. % NaCl solution at 37 ± 0.5 °C) and compared with a non-treated surface. Results of the three performed independent corros
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González, A., Angela Riego, Victor Vega, et al. "Functional Antimicrobial Surface Coatings Deposited onto Nanostructured 316L Food-Grade Stainless Steel." Nanomaterials 11, no. 4 (2021): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11041055.

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In our study, we demonstrated the performance of antimicrobial coatings on properly functionalized and nanostructured 316L food-grade stainless steel pipelines. For the fabrication of these functional coatings, we employed facile and low-cost electrochemical techniques and surface modification processes. The development of a nanoporous structure on the 316L stainless steel surface was performed by following an electropolishing process in an electrolytic bath, at a constant anodic voltage of 40 V for 10 min, while the temperature was maintained between 0 and 10 °C. Subsequently, we incorporated
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Siddiqui, Muhammad Ali, Noman Sajjad, Muhammad Rizwan, Ali Dad Chandio, and Syed Hammad Ali. "Pilot production and evaluation of mechanical, corrosion, and metallurgical properties of stainless steel-clad rebars." Metallurgical Research & Technology 122, no. 2 (2025): 214. https://doi.org/10.1051/metal/2025017.

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This study thoroughly assesses the mechanical, corrosion, and metallurgical properties of stainless steel-clad rebars for their potential in enhancing construction materials. Using the solid-liquid casting technique, Amreli Steels Limited in Pakistan pilot-produced Austenitic Stainless Steel (ASS)/Carbon Steel (CS) clad rebars. Molten Grade 60 carbon steel (ASTM 615) was cast into red-hot austenitic stainless steel pipes (AISI 316L) both vertically and horizontally. Horizontally cast samples showed significantly improved bonding between stainless steel cladding and carbon steel core after hot-
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30

Ali, Sadaqat, Ahmad Majdi Abdul Rani, Riaz Ahmad Mufti, et al. "An Efficient Approach for Nitrogen Diffusion and Surface Nitriding of Boron-Titanium Modified Stainless Steel Alloy for Biomedical Applications." Metals 9, no. 7 (2019): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9070755.

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Austenitic 316L stainless steel has been the most widely acceptable biomaterial for producing implants. The downside of this material includes the leaching of nickel ions from the matrix that limits its’ usage in implant manufacturing. In this research, production of stainless steel alloy modified with boron and titanium is investigated. The sintering of the alloy systems is carried out in nitrogen atmosphere for a dwell time of 8 h. The X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that dwell time and alloy composition leads to the formation of strong nitrides and borides. The X-Ray Photoelectron
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31

Singh, Gurpreet, Malkeet Singh, Sarabjeet Singh Sidhu, and Timur Rizovich Ablyaz. "Improving surface characteristics and corrosion resistance of medical grade 316L by titanium powder mixed electro-discharge treatment." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 10, no. 2 (2022): 025002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/ac60be.

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Abstract The article focuses on the corrosion behavior of medical grade 316L stainless steel used in cardiac stents, orthopaedic, and dental implants. In this research work, electro-discharge treatment (EDT) was used for the deposition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles on 316L stainless steel to improve its corrosion-resistant property. The samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction techniques to correlate the modified surface with the EDT process parameters. The electrochemical corrosion analysis shows a lower corrosion rate for the TiO2 coated spec
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32

Marashdeh, Mohammad, and Ibrahim F. Al-Hamarneh. "Evaluation of Gamma Radiation Properties of Four Types of Surgical Stainless Steel in the Energy Range of 17.50–25.29 keV." Materials 14, no. 22 (2021): 6873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14226873.

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In this study, the gamma radiation properties of four types of surgical-grade stainless steel (304, 304L, 316 and 316L) were investigated. The effective atomic number Zeff, effective electron density Neff and half-value layer (HVL) of four types of surgical-grade stainless steel were determined via the mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ). The μ/ρ coefficients were determined experimentally using an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique and theoretically via the WinXCOM program. The Kα1 of XRF photons in the energy range between 17.50 and 25.29 keV was used from pure metal plates of molybdenum (Mo)
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33

Ibrahim, Noradhiha Farahin, Wan Rafizah Wan Abdullah, Maishara Syazrinni Rooshde, Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali, and Wan Mohd Norsan Wan Nik. "Corrosion Inhibition Properties of Epoxy-Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Coating on Stainless Steel 316L." Solid State Phenomena 307 (July 2020): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.307.285.

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Metal corrosion generally refers to metal deterioration process that is caused by electrochemical reactions between the metallic substrate with corrosive environment. Marine grade stainless steel type 316L (SS 316L) is a premium material for marine applications. Prolonged exposure to chloride-containing environments increases the susceptibility of unprotected SS 316L to localized corrosion namely pitting and crevice corrosion. In this study, the potential protective coating comprising of the epoxy matrix with ZnO nanoparticles combination was formulated and its anticorrosive properties on SS 3
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34

Macedo, Marcelo De Matos, and Ronaldo Câmara Cozza. "Tribological Behavior Analysis of the ISO 5832-1 Austenitic Stainless-Steel Treated by Optical Fiber Laser Used for Biomedical Applications." Journal of Materials and Applications 8, no. 2 (2019): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jma.2019.8.2.91.

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The present work analyzed the influence of an optical fiber laser surface treatment process on the tribological behavior of the ISO 5832-1 austenitic stainless-steel, basing on the wear volume and friction coefficient. Specimen of this biomaterial were treated by alternating the laser frequency, in order to find out a condition that improves its tribological resistance. Ball-cratering micro-abrasive wear tests were carried out with a test ball of AISI 316L stainless-steel, used as counter-body, and an abrasive slurry prepared with abrasive particles of black silicon carbide (SiC) and distilled
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35

Lindner, Thomas, Martin Löbel, Maximilian Grimm, and Jochen Fiebig. "Cold Gas Spraying of Solution-Hardened 316L Grade Stainless Steel Powder." Metals 12, no. 1 (2021): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12010030.

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Austenitic steels are characterized by their outstanding corrosion resistance. They are therefore suitable for a wide range of surface protection requirements. The application potential of these stainless steels is often limited by their poor wear resistance. In the field of wrought alloys, interstitial surface hardening has become established for simultaneously acting surface stresses. This approach also offers great potential for improvement in the field of coating technology. The hardening of powder feedstock materials promises an advantage in the treatment of large components and also as a
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36

Javidi, M., S. Javadpour, M. E. Bahrololoom, and J. Ma. "Electrophoretic deposition of natural hydroxyapatite on medical grade 316L stainless steel." Materials Science and Engineering: C 28, no. 8 (2008): 1509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2008.04.003.

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37

Setyarini, Putu Hadi, Femiana Gapsari, and Apollo Ode Rea Harjo. "Surface Characterization on Electrophoretic Deposition Oof 316l Stainless Steel with Dissolved Chitosan for Biomedical Application." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications 3, no. 1 (2022): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/mechta.2022.003.01.6.

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&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;Of many compounds materials, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="PT-BR"&gt;metallic biomaterial is widely used in human medical devices. An implant material's corrosion resistance impacts its flexibility and longevity. This corrosion resistance is also an important consideration for biocompatibility. This biomaterial contains stainless steel whcih may corrode after being installed in the human body since the passivity of stainless steel disappears when it is exposed to acids in the human body for a long duration. In addition, lacks of oxygen inhibits the formation of a new Cr&
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38

Numpaque, Gloria Carolina, Manuel Bethencourt, and Gloria Ivonne Cubillos. "Thin Layers of Cerium Oxynitride Deposited via RF Sputtering." Materials 17, no. 13 (2024): 3142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17133142.

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Thin films of transition metal oxides and oxynitrides have proven highly effective in protecting stainless steels against corrosion in both chemically aggressive environments and biological fluids. In the present work, cerium zirconium oxynitride thin films were deposited to enhance the corrosion resistance of surgical-grade stainless steel to be used in osteosynthesis processes. Two techniques were employed: co-sputtering and radiofrequency (RF) sputtering, and the morphology and corrosion efficiency of the coatings deposited by each technique were evaluated. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoele
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39

Zagabathuni Rahul Sankrutyayan, Kadapana Pavan Kumar Reddy, and Y. Rameswara Reddy. "Preparation of 316L stainless steel by using laser powder bed fusion technique." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 14, no. 2 (2025): 030–35. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2025.14.2.0030.

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The laser powder bed fusion is an additive manufacturing process which uses powdered metal in order to create complex shapes, it uses lasers for melting the metal powders. In this a bio-medical grade metal powder is used i.e., SS 316L by using iFusion 150 metal 3D printing machine, it uses Yb – Fibre laser in order to melt the SS 316L powder to the required shapes. The iFusion 150 metal 3D printer uses laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology. Mechanical properties like compression strength, micro hardness was examined and found an average of 1340.697 MPa compression strength, 206 BHN hardnes
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40

Niculescu, Marius, Iulian Vasile Antoniac, and Ana Blajan. "Metallic Biomaterials Processing Technologies in Order to Obtain a New Design for a Hip Prosthesis Femoral Component." Solid State Phenomena 216 (August 2014): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.216.239.

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The paper presents the processing technology that could be used in order to obtain a new design of a stem component for a hip prosthesis type lattice beam. This new design was made based on the analysis of the currently successful stems used in clinical practice and on different biomechanical and biomaterials criteria. Metallic biomaterials used for manufacturing different components for hip prosthesis are usually austenitic stainless steel type 316L, Co-Cr alloy and titanium based alloy. In our study, considering the specific design of the stem, stainless steel type 316L with the nominal comp
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41

Pathote, Dileep, Dheeraj Jaiswal, Vikrant Singh, and C. K. Behera. "Optimization of electrochemical corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel as an effective biomaterial for orthopedic applications." Materials Today: Proceedings 57 (2022): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.501.

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42

Prieto-Morales, Diego Felipe, José Luis Caballero-Gómez, Willian Arnulfo Aperador-Chaparro, and Juan Hilario Martínez-Pinilla. "Upgrade and Modification of a Machine for Micro-Abrasion Wear Testing in Simulated Biological Environments with Oscillatory Motion." Ingeniería e Investigación 43, no. 3 (2023): e95685. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.95685.

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Aiming to evaluate the useful life of biomaterials used in joint prostheses, this study performed different wear tests in stainless steel 316L, a biomaterial used in hip joint replacements. The tests were carried out in a dry medium, with the help of an equipment that was improved regarding some of its characteristics and allows conducting wear tests via the contact of two bodies, one of them being the biomaterial under study and the other one a sphere of a harder material. For the evaluation, a device was developed to change the rotation of the sphere, varying the angle it traveled and the fr
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43

Brinkman, Charles R. "Elevated-Temperature Mechanical Properties of an Advanced-Type 316 Stainless Steel1." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 123, no. 1 (2000): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1343911.

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Type 316FR stainless steel is a candidate material for the Japanese demonstration fast breeder reactor plant to be built in Japan early in the next century. Like type 316L(N), it is a low-carbon grade of stainless steel with a more closely specified nitrogen content and chemistry optimized to enhance elevated-temperature performance. Early in 1994, under sponsorship of The Japan Atomic Power Company, work was initiated at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) aimed at obtaining an elevated-temperature mechanical-properties database on a single heat of this material. The product form was 50-mm p
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44

Radhi, Nabaa S. "USING HYDROXYAPATITE POWDER (HAP) IN COATING OF STAINLESS-STEEL SUBSTRATE FOR BIO-APPLIATION (A REVIEW)." IRAQI JOURNAL FOR MECHANICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING 19, no. 2 (2019): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v19i2.325.

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Around the world about millions of people using the medical devices or biomaterialsthat implanted in side human body in order to replace the function of unwell tissues ordamaged parts. In spite of the importance roles of these implants in saving or improvinghuman life, many of them are failed during short period or having complications. The mainfailure of the biomaterials caused by unqualified biocompatibility. Thus there are twomaterials types used for this field investment such as thin film nitinol and stainless steel.Stainless-Steel type 316L are widely used in biomaterial bone applications
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Suprapto, Tjipto Sujitno, Djoko Slamet Pudjorahardjo, Hari Suprihatin, Iqfal Zulhendri, and Saefurrochman. "Thin film deposition of tungsten nitride on SS 316 L surface using DC-Sputtering technique." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2498, no. 1 (2023): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2498/1/012019.

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Abstract 316L stainless steel (SS) is an alloy steel that is not easily corroded, so it is widely used for biomaterial applications. In addition to being resistant to corrosion, 316L SS is also inexpensive when compared to other medical metals. However, 316L SS has relatively low hardness and wear resistance, thus this weakness must be improved. By heat treatment, it is impossible to improve the SS alloy, so other techniques must be applied. In this study, improvement of surface hardness of 316L SS by coating tungsten nitride (WN) using DC-sputtering method has been conducted. The sputtering p
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46

Poojary, Prashant, and L. K. Singhal. "Comparative Evaluation of 316L and N-Bearing Ni-Free Austenitic Stainless Steel as a Potential Cost-Effective Replacement for Body Implants." Advanced Materials Research 794 (September 2013): 697–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.794.697.

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Currently austenitic stainless steels, cobalt-chromium alloys and titanium alloys are used in body implants. As per ISO 5832-1, Cr-Ni-Mo alloy 316L with minimum 13% nickel is widely used for body implants. ASTM standard F 2229-07 also permits nitrogen strengthened essentially Ni-free Cr-Mn-Mo alloy (UNS S 29108) for this purpose. Nitrogen as austenite stabilizer is able to substitute nickel. It serves the dual purpose of increasing the strength as well as pitting corrosion resistance. This paper compares the corrosion behaviour of these two grades. Cyclic potentiodynamic tests were carried as
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47

Dwivedi, Suryank, Amit Rai Dixit, and Alok Kumar Das. "Wetting behavior of selective laser melted (SLM) bio-medical grade stainless steel 316L." Materials Today: Proceedings 56 (2022): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.12.046.

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48

Jujur, I. Nyoman, Joni Sah, Agustanhakri Bakri, and Agus Hadi S. Wargadipura. "Analysis of Oxide Inclusions on Medical Grade 316L Stainless Steel using Local Raw." International Journal of Technology 6, no. 7 (2015): 1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v6i7.1263.

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49

Kononenko, G. A., S. V. Adjamsky, R. V. Podolskyi, O. A. Safronova, and E. A. Shpak. "Comparative study of mechanical properties of 316L steel samples made on the ALFA-150 machine in compliance with world analogues." Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy 36 (2022): 370–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2022-36-370-378.

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The purpose of the work is to study the microstructure and mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel samples made by the SLM method. 316L stainless steel has been extensively studied for the state after fabrication by selective laser melting (SLM). This is due to the wide use of this material in various industries, as it demonstrates sufficient corrosion resistance and excellent plasticity. Thus, its application can be found in the biomedical, aerospace, automotive and marine fields. Some of the studies conducted have shown the ability of SLM to improve the mechanical properties of parts c
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Amuda, M. O. H., F. T. Lawal, and S. Mridha. "Microstructure Evolution in AISI 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel Welds Treated with Aluminum and Titanium Powder Mixture." Journal of Engineering Research 25, no. 1 (2020): 50–64. https://doi.org/10.52968/72012363.

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Ferritic stainless steel particularly the AISI 430 standard grade is a candidate material for radiation shielding in nuclear reactors for power generation at competitive cost than the workhorse AIS1 316L austenitic grade. But its widespread application as the next generation energy material in nuclear reactor is limited by the loss in mechanical properties arising from grain coarsening and other phase transformations in the heat affected zone of the material post-fusion welding. Thus, in this work, attempt was made to resolve the challenge of grain coarsening in fusion welded AISI 430 ferritic
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