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Journal articles on the topic '316l stainless steel powder'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Antunes, Renato Altobelli, Wagner S. Wiggers, Maysa Terada, Paulo A. P. Vendhausen, and Isolda Costa. "The Corrosion Behaviour of TiN-Coated Powder Injection Molded AISI 316L Steel." Materials Science Forum 530-531 (November 2006): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.530-531.105.

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The use of AISI 316L stainless steels for biomedical applications as implants is widespread due to a combination of low cost and easy formability. However, wrought 316L steel is prone to localized corrosion. Coating deposition is commonly used to overcome this problem. Ceramic hard coatings, like titanium nitride, are used to improve both corrosion and wear resistance of stainless steels. Powder injection moulding (PIM) is an attractive method to manufacture complex, near net-shape components. Stainless steels obtained from this route have shown mechanical and corrosion properties similar to w

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Dudek, Agata, and Barbara Lisiecka. "Surface Treatment Proposals for the Automotive Industry by the Example of 316L Steel." Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (2018): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mape-2018-0047.

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Abstract Nowadays, stainless steels are very interesting and promising materials with unique properties. They are characterized high mechanical strengths, high toughness and good corrosion resistance, so that can be used in many industrial sectors. An interesting alternative to steels obtained using the conventional methods is sintered stainless steel manufactured using the powder metallurgy technology. AISI 316L stainless steel is one of the best-known and widely used austenitic stainless steel. Modification of surface properties of stainless steels, in particular by applying the Cr3C2 coatin

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Ansary, Sarfaraj, Subrata Mondal, Mukandar Sekh, Rafiqul Haque, and Shamim Haidar. "Indigenous Production of Porous 316L through Powder Metallurgy and Investigation of their Mechanical Properties." Key Engineering Materials 933 (October 17, 2022): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-2fqtl1.

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Nowadays, 316L stainless steel implant materials exhibit a promising position in the field of biomaterials application, especially in medical due to their higher strength compared to other ceramic base materials. Therefore, in this work, the production of 316L implant materials and examination of the mechanical characteristics were carried out. Powder Metallurgy process has been chosen to produce the implant materials due to its high advantages in demonstrating the high mechanical properties of the green sample. 316L stainless steel with zinc streate powder of three different compositions, i.e

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4

Nor, N. H. Mohamad, M. A. Hafiz, and S. Shawal l. "Modelling And Simulation of Stainless-Steel Powder during Compaction Process." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 37, no. 2 (2025): 959–65. https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2025-37(2)-32.

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A coupled mechanical and thermal analysis of powder during the warm compaction process has been investigated. This paper presents the development of the numerical model to generate a green compact through uniaxial die compaction using the finite element analysis software LS-Dyna. The objective of this simulation is to study the stress and the pressure apply on Stainless-Steel 316L metal powder during compaction. The results show that increasing the compaction force within a certain range can increase the density of the bulk pellets, and that the lubrication conditions need to be improved to fu

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Ang, Yao Ting, Swee Leong Sing, and Joel Choon Wee Lim. "Process study for directed energy deposition of 316L stainless steel with TiB2 metal matrix composites." Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing 1, no. 2 (2022): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/msam.v1i2.13.

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In addition to laser powder bed fusion, directed energy deposition (DED) is also gaining interest as an effective metal additive manufacturing technique. Due to its system configuration, it is more efficient and flexible for materials development. Therefore, it can be used for processing of metal matrix composites (MMCs) through the use of powder mixture as feedstock. 316L stainless steel has high corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and ductility. Several studies have shown the feasibility of using DED to process 316L stainless steel. The material properties of 316L stainless steel can be

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Isik, Murat. "Additive manufacturing and characterization of a stainless steel and a nickel alloy." Materials Testing 65, no. 3 (2023): 378–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-2022-0278.

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Abstract Recently, additive manufacturing is of interest, and there is a trend to study additively manufactured materials such as Inconel 718 and 316L stainless steel. Additive manufacturing brings the easiness of production of complex geometries, avoids expensive tools, helps achieve interesting microstructures and obtaining promising results for future applications. Since the additive procedure is sensitive to many fabrication variables thereby affecting the microstructure and mechanical properties. This motivation promotes investigating the additively manufactured microstructure of 316L sta

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Aslam, Muhammad, Faiz Ahmad, Puteri Sri Melor Binti Megat Yusoff, et al. "Investigation of Rheological Behavior of Low Pressure Injection Molded Stainless Steel Feedstocks." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5347150.

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The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of different powder loadings of 316L stainless steel (SS) powders on rheological behavior of feedstocks required for low pressure powder injection molding (L-PIM) process. The main idea consists in development of various formulations by varying 316L SS powder contents in feedstocks and evaluating the temperature sensitivity of feedstock via flow behavior index and activation energy. For this purpose, the irregular shape, spherical shape, and combination of both shapes and sizes (bimodal approach) of 316L SS powders are compounded wit

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8

Gulsoy, H. Ozkan, Serdar Pazarlioglu, and Semih Ozbey. "Effect of Zr, Nb and Ti Additions on Injection Molded 316L Stainless Steel: Microstructural, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance." Advanced Materials Research 1119 (July 2015): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1119.505.

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The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of Zr, Nb and Ti additions on microstructural, mechanical and electrochemical properties of injection molded 316L stainless steel. The amount of additive powder plays a role in determining the sintered microstructure and all properties. In this study, 316L stainless steel powders used with the elemental Zr, Nb and Ti powders. The binders were completely removed from molded components by solvent and thermal debinding. The debinded samples were sintered at different temperature for 60 min. at different temperatures. Mechanical property,

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Sunada, Satoshi, Keisuke Arai, Katsuhiko Mori, Masahisa Miyahara, and Kazuhiko Majima. "Electrochemical Characteristics of Sintered Duplex Ferritic-Austenitic Stainless Steels Produced by Powder Metallurgy Process." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 1832–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.1832.

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The sintered stainless steel produced by the powder metallurgy process (P/M) has attracted a growing interest because it has the advantage of better formability to fabricate complex shape products without machining and welding. The four sintered stainless steel samples; i.e., the mono-phase SUS304L SS P/M sample (hereafter denoted as 304L), the mono-phase SUS316L SS P/M sample (hereafter denoted as 316L), the duplex-phase SUS316L and SUS434L SS P/M sample (hereafter denoted as 316L+434L), and the duplex-phase SUS316L and SUS434L SS P/M sample with copper (hereafter denoted as 316L+434L+Cu) wer

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10

Meenashisundaram, Ganesh Kumar, Zhengkai Xu, Mui Ling Sharon Nai, Shenglu Lu, Jyi Sheuan Ten, and Jun Wei. "Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing of High Porosity 316L Stainless Steel Metal Foams." Materials 13, no. 17 (2020): 3744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173744.

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High porosity (40% to 60%) 316L stainless steel containing well-interconnected open-cell porous structures with pore openness index of 0.87 to 1 were successfully fabricated by binder jetting and subsequent sintering processes coupled with a powder space holder technique. Mono-sized (30 µm) and 30% (by volume) spherically shaped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) powder was used as the space holder material. The effects of processing conditions such as: (1) binder saturation rates (55%, 100% and 150%), and (2) isothermal sintering temperatures (1000 ○C to 1200 ○C) on the porosity of 316L stainle

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Jeon, Byoungjun, Seong Ho Sohn, Wonsik Lee, Chulwoong Han, Young Do Kim, and Hanshin Choi. "Double Step Sintering Behavior Of 316L Nanoparticle Dispersed Micro-Sphere Powder." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (2015): 1155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0088.

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Abstract 316L stainless steel is a well-established engineering material and lots of components are fabricated by either ingot metallurgy or powder metallurgy. From the viewpoints of material properties and process versatility, powder metallurgy has been widely applied in industries. Generally, stainless steel powders are prepared by atomization processes and powder characteristics, compaction ability, and sinterability are quite different according to the powder preparation process. In the present study, a nanoparticle dispersed micro-sphere powder is synthesized by pulse wire explosion of 31

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Cui, Chengsong, Volker Uhlenwinkel, Alwin Schulz, and Hans-Werner Zoch. "Austenitic Stainless Steel Powders with Increased Nitrogen Content for Laser Additive Manufacturing." Metals 10, no. 1 (2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010061.

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Nitrogen is used as an alloying element, substituting the expensive and allergenic element nickel, in austenitic stainless steels to improve their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The development of austenitic stainless steel powders with increased nitrogen content for laser additive manufacturing has recently received great interest. To increase nitrogen content in the austenitic steel powders (for example AISI 316L), two measures are taken in this study: (1) melting the steel under a nitrogen atmosphere, and (2) adding manganese to increase the solubility of nitrogen in the st

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13

Xiao, Zhi Yu, M. Y. Ke, Wei Ping Chen, D. H. Ni, and Yuan Yuan Li. "A Study on Warm Compacting Behaviors of 316L Stainless Steel Powder." Materials Science Forum 471-472 (December 2004): 443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.471-472.443.

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The application of warm compaction in stainless steel powders has not been formally reported by now. In this paper, the warm compacting behavior of 316L stainless steel powders had been studied. Results showed that warm compaction was effective in improving the green density and strength of 316L stainless steel powders. Under the compacting pressure of 800 MPa, warm compacted density was 0.20 g/cm3 higher than cold compacted one, and green strength was 52% higher. The optimum warm compacting temperature was 110±10°C. With die wall lubricated warm compaction, the internal lubricant content can

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14

Pokorný, J., D. Nečas, A. Dobkowska, et al. "Austenitic stainless steel with yttrium oxide dispersion." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3035, no. 1 (2025): 012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3035/1/012010.

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Abstract Enhancing traditional materials’ mechanical properties can be achieved by adding ultrafine oxide particles to inhibit dislocation movement, thus increasing strength. Understanding oxide dispersion in metallic alloys is crucial for developing new high-strength materials. Incorporating ultrafine oxide particles into austenitic steels, besides strength, may result in corrosion properties improvement. In this study, we prepared oxide dispersion-strengthened austenitic stainless steel 316L by mechanical alloying of 316L steel powder with Y2O3 particles. Powder precursors were consolidated

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15

Chung, S. H., H. Park, K. D. Jeon, K. T. Kim, and S. M. Hwang. "An Optimal Container Design for Metal Powder Under Hot Isostatic Pressing." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 123, no. 2 (2001): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1354992.

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Near-net-shape forming of 316L stainless-steel powder was investigated under hot isostatic pressing. To simulate densification and deformation of a powder compact in a container during hot isostatic pressing, the constitutive model of Abouaf and co-workers was implemented into a finite element analysis. An optimal design technique based on the evaluation schemes of the design sensitivity was used to acquire the desired final shape of a powder compact. Experimental data of 316L stainless steel powder showed that the optimally designed container allowed near-net-shape forming of the desired powd

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16

Zagabathuni Rahul Sankrutyayan, Kadapana Pavan Kumar Reddy, and Y. Rameswara Reddy. "Preparation of 316L stainless steel by using laser powder bed fusion technique." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 14, no. 2 (2025): 030–35. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2025.14.2.0030.

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The laser powder bed fusion is an additive manufacturing process which uses powdered metal in order to create complex shapes, it uses lasers for melting the metal powders. In this a bio-medical grade metal powder is used i.e., SS 316L by using iFusion 150 metal 3D printing machine, it uses Yb – Fibre laser in order to melt the SS 316L powder to the required shapes. The iFusion 150 metal 3D printer uses laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology. Mechanical properties like compression strength, micro hardness was examined and found an average of 1340.697 MPa compression strength, 206 BHN hardnes

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17

Mahathanabodee, S., Tippaban Palathai, S. Raadnui, Ruangdaj Tongsri, and Narongrit Sombatsompop. "Comparative Studies on Wear Behaviour of Sintered 316L Stainless Steels Loaded with h-BN and MoS₂." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.307.

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Mechanical properties and wear behavior of stainless steel embedded with different solid lubricants were investigated. Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-embedded 316L stainless steels (SS316L/h-BN and SS316L/MoS2) were prepared by powder metallurgy method. Various h-BN and MoS2 contents (10, 15 and 20 vol%) were mixed with 316L stainless steel powders and then sintered at 1200°C in H2 atmosphere for 60 min. The experimental results showed that small boride phase and h-BN powder occupied the pores in the microstructure of SS316L/h-BN composite whereas the MoS2 secon

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18

Kwon, Y. S., H. T. Lee, and K. T. Kim. "Analysis for Cold Die Compaction of Stainless-Steel Powder." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 119, no. 4 (1997): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812271.

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Densification behavior of 316L stainless-steel powder under die pressing was studied. The friction effects between the powder and the die wall under different die pressing modes were also investigated. The elastoplastic constitutive equations, based on the yield functions by Fleck and Gurson and by Shima and Oyane, were implemented into a finite element program to simulate die compaction processes. The friction coefficient between the powder and the die wall was determined from the relationship between the compaction pressure and the ejection pressure. Finite element calculations were compared

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Yang, Xinliang, Fengzai Tang, Xinjiang Hao, and Zushu Li. "Oxide Evolution During the Solidification of 316L Stainless Steel from Additive Manufacturing Powders with Different Oxygen Contents." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 52, no. 4 (2021): 2253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-021-02191-w.

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AbstractThe oxide evolution during the solidification of 316L stainless steel from additive manufacturing powders with different oxygen contents is studied by in situ observation of the melting and solidification of the powder materials, advanced characterization of the solidified materials, and non-equilibrium thermodynamic analysis. An oxide evolution map is established for the 316L powders with different oxygen contents. It reveals the relationship between the surface oxidation in the reused powder and its expected oxide species and morphology in the as-solidified component. For the 316L po

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Großwendt, Felix, Louis Becker, Arne Röttger, et al. "Impact of the Allowed Compositional Range of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel on Processability and Material Properties." Materials 14, no. 15 (2021): 4074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154074.

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This work aims to show the impact of the allowed chemical composition range of AISI 316L stainless steel on its processability in additive manufacturing and on the resulting part properties. ASTM A276 allows the chromium and nickel contents in 316L stainless steel to be set between 16 and 18 mass%, respectively, 10 and 14 mass%. Nevertheless, the allowed compositional range impacts the microstructure formation in additive manufacturing and thus the properties of the manufactured components. Therefore, this influence is analyzed using three different starting powders. Two starting powders are l

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Zhi, H. R., H. T. Zhao, Y. F. Zhang, and B. Dampilon. "Microstructure and crystallographic texture of direct energy deposition printed 316L stainless steel." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 18, no. 4 (2023): 1293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2023.184.1293.

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The microstructural features and crystallographic texture of 316L stainless steel prepared by direct energy deposition (DED) are studied. The grain size, morphology, grain boundary, misorientation distribution along different direction and mechanical properties are characterized via detailed electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis and Vickers microhardness tester. The DED-built 316L stainless steel exhibits equiaxed cellular and elongated morphology. Only a few number of dislocations are accumulated and entangled near small grain boundary. The sample contains mainly large angle grain

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Song, Jie, Kevin Sangoi, Mahdi Nadimi, and Yao Fu. "Remarkably Enhanced Corrosion Performance of 316L Stainless Steel via Laser Powder Bed Fusion Thin-Layer Deposition." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 20 (2025): 1323. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01201323mtgabs.

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This study addresses the demand for on-demand repair and surface modification of conventional materials using advanced technology like laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). The swift repair and enhancement of 316L stainless steel surfaces are essential for various applications, especially in corrosive environments where component reliability and longevity are critical. This work aims to explore the improved corrosion properties of conventional 316L using L-PBF by depositing a limited number of layers. It has been found that with a single- and double-layer deposition the corrosion resistance is impr

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Chai, Meng Yu, Li Chan Li, Wen Jie Bai, and Quan Duan. "Investigation on Acoustic Emission Characteristics from Corrosion of Conventional Materials of Primary Pipe in Nuclear Power Plants." Applied Mechanics and Materials 487 (January 2014): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.487.54.

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304 stainless steel and 316L stainless steel are conventional materials of primary pipeline in nuclear power plants. The present work is to summarize the acoustic emission (AE) characteristics in the process of pitting corrosion of 304 stainless steel, intergranular corrosion of 316L stainless steel and weldments of 316L stainless steel. The work also discussed the current shortcomings and problems of research. At last we proposed the coming possible research topics and directions.

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Kan, Xinfeng, Dengcui Yang, Zhengzhi Zhao, and Jiquan Sun. "316L FFF binder development and debinding optimization." Materials Research Express 8, no. 11 (2021): 116515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac3b15.

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Abstract Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technology is used to create metal parts in this paper. A binder formula is developed for 316L stainless steel powder, composed of polypropylene (PP), styrene ethylene butylene styrene (SEBS) and paraffin wax (PW). The binder is mixed with the 316L stainless steel powder to produce mixture which is then extruded into filament. The optimum binder formula, PP:SEBS:PW = 5:2:2, is obtained by orthogonal experiment. After optimization, mixture viscosity is reduced, filament tensile strength is guaranteed, rigidity is improved. The filament can be printed by

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Lin, Shao Jiang, and Sai Yu Wang. "Effect of TiC Addition and Cooling Rate on Mechanical Properties of 316L Stainless Steel Composites." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.84.

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The present research work concerns the development of TiC reinforced 316L stainless steel composites through powder metallurgical technology and sintered in vacuum. The effect of TiC particle addition and cooling rate on the mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel composites has been investigated. The results show that increasing the cooling rate caused enhancement of ultimate tensile strength and microhardness. However, the elongation to failure of the composites was decreased with the increase of cooling rate. The addition of TiC particle was found to improve the ultimate tensile stren

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Henzler, Weronika, Mirosław Szala, Tomasz Pałka, Bernard Wyględacz, Artur Czupryński, and Leszek Łatka. "Comparison of cavitation erosion of NiCrBSi and AISI 316L coatings deposited by powder plasma transferred Arc welding." Acta Polytechnica 65, no. 3 (2025): 282–87. https://doi.org/10.14311/ap.2025.65.0282.

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This study carefully compares the effect of microstructure and hardness on the cavitation wear resistance of PPTA (Powder Plasma Transferred Arc) deposited coatings. Deposits were made on a substrate of S235JR structural steel. Two types of feedstock powder were used: material with the chemical composition of AISI 316L stainless steel, and a nickel-based, self-fluxing powder type NiCrBSi. This study involved conducting cavitation erosion tests on a vibratory test rig in accordance with the ASTM G32 standard, using the stationary specimen method. Metallographic investigations confirmed the pres

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Gatões, Daniel, Ricardo Alves, Bernardo Alves, and Maria Teresa Vieira. "Selective Laser Melting and Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steels." Materials 15, no. 21 (2022): 7575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217575.

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Metal additive manufacturing (AM) has been evolving in response to industrial and social challenges. However, new materials are hindered in these technologies due to the complexity of direct additive manufacturing technologies, particularly selective laser melting (SLM). Stainless steel (SS) 316L, due to its very low carbon content, has been used as a standard powder in SLM, highlighting the role of alloying elements present in steels. However, reliable research on the chemical impact of carbon content in steel alloys has been rarely conducted, despite being the most prevalent element in steel

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Kusaka, Katsushi, Tomio Kohno, and Mitsuaki Asano. "Rheological Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel Powder Plastisols." Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 43, no. 1 (1996): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.43.113.

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Bozic, Dusan, Miroljub Vilotijevic, Jovana Ruzic, Uros Jovanovic, and Jelena Stasic. "Microstructure and properties of gravity sintered 316l stainless steel powder with nickel boride addition." Science of Sintering 48, no. 3 (2016): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos1603293b.

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The present work demonstrates a procedure for synthesis of stainless steel powder by gravity sintering method. As an additive to the basic powder, NiB powder was added in the amount of 0.2 - 1.0 wt.%. Gravity sintering was done in vacuum, at the temperatures of 1100?C-1250?C, in the course of 3 - 60 min, using ceramic mould. Structural characterization was conducted by XRD, and microstructural analysis by optical and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mechanical properties were investigated by tensile tests with steel rings. Density and permeability were determined by standard techniques for

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Anwar, Moch Syaiful, Mayang Gita Pradisti, Septian Adi Candra, Erie Martides, Efendi Mabruri, and Eddy Sumarno Siradj. "GRAIN GROWTH KINETICS OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 316L AND THE RELATIONS BETWEEN GRAIN SIZES AND HARDNESS UNDER ISOTHERMAL CONDITIONS." Metalurgi 37, no. 1 (2022): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/metalurgi.v37i1.629.

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316L austenitic stainless steel was usually used in the nuclear power plant. This steel has an austenitic phase at room temperature, and it can change grain size after exposed at high temperatures. The purpose is to investigate grain growth behavior and hardness of 316L austenitic stainless steel after cold-rolled and annealing at a temperature of 1100 °C with holding times of 0, 900, 1800, 2700, 3600 s. The result shows that the grain growth of 316L austenitic stainless steel occurs normally. Austenite grain size of 316L increases with increasing holding time, resulting in hardness decreases.

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Puga, Beatriz, Fernando Lomello, Emeline Boussac, et al. "Influence of laser powder bed fusion processing parameters on corrosion behaviour of 316L stainless steel in nitric acid." Metallurgical Research & Technology 119, no. 5 (2022): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2022079.

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The effect of process parameters on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel was reported. Immersion tests were performed in nitric acid solution at boiling temperature and the corrosion behaviour was correlated to microstructure of 316L stainless steel specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) as a function of the process parameters such as scanning strategy, laser power and hatching distance. These parameters were found to influence the porosity, the grain size and the cellular microstructure. The corrosion tests revealed a higher

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KUMAR, ABHAY, PUPPALA GANESH, VISHNU KUMAR SHARMA, et al. "Development of Low-Magnetic-Permeability Welds of 316L Stainless Steel." Welding Journal 100, no. 10 (2021): 323–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29391/2021.100.029.

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Austenitic stainless steel is often used as the construction material for particle accelerator vacuum chambers. It is also a strong candidate construction material for helium vessels of superconducting radiofrequency cavities of highenergy, high-power particle accelerators. One of the major limitations of austenitic stainless steels for their application in particle accelerators is the relatively higher magnetic permeability of its welds. The present paper describes an experimental study to obtain a low-magnetic-permeability gas tungsten arc weld of 316L stainless steel while using ER 316L sta

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Jankus, Simonas Mindaugas, and Regita Bendikiene. "Effect of Powder Type and Particles Size on Microstructure of Selective Laser Sintered Parts." Key Engineering Materials 799 (April 2019): 252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.799.252.

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The goal of this work was to investigate microstructure of the selective laser sintering (SLS) produced parts evaluating effect of powder type and fraction size. Studies have shown that printed samples of 316L and GP1 metal powders had a higher defect content compared to printed components from MP1 powder material. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it was found that iron-based printed parts melted worse than Co-Cr alloy components. Iron-based 316L and GP1 metal powders did not get enough energy from laser to perform a better microwelding between particles. Surface roughness Ra numerical

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Ben Zine, Haroune Rachid, Zsolt Endre Horváth, Katalin Balázsi, and Csaba Balázsi. "Novel Alumina Dispersion-Strengthened 316L Steel Produced by Attrition Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering." Coatings 13, no. 2 (2023): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020322.

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Alumina dispersion-strengthened 316L stainless steels were successfully produced using attrition milling and spark plasma sintering. Two different composites (316L/0.33 wt% and 316L/1 wt% Al2O3) were prepared by powder technology. The attrition milling produced a significant morphological transformation of the globular 316L starting powders and provided a homogeneous distribution of the nanosized alumina particles. The XRD results confirmed that the 316L steel was an austenitic γ-Fe3Ni2. The formation of a ferrite α-Fe phase was detected after milling; this was transformed to the austenitic γ-

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Gupta, Rajeev Kumar, Bhuvana Vukkum, and Ahmed A. Darwish. "(Corrosion Division Rusty Award for Mid-Career Excellence) Enhancing the Corrosion Resistance of Additively Manufactured Metallic Materials: The Role of Feedstock Modification." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 11 (2023): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02111083mtgabs.

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The properties of metallic materials produced through additive manufacturing (AM), including their corrosion behavior, depend on various parameters such as the type of AM technique, processing parameters, built environment, and the feedstock used [1]. These factors collectively influence the occurrence of processing defects and the microstructure of the alloy, which can be controlled through feedstock modifications. To illustrate the impact of feedstock modification on both microstructure and corrosion, two examples will be presented. These examples will compare the corrosion behavior of addit

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M.A., Omar, Johari N., Ahmad M.A., and Sulaiman M.J. "Microstructure Evolution and Sintering Behaviour of Injection Moulded 316L Stainless Steel Powder." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 8, no. 12 (2021): 7–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10653255.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> <em>The present study investigates the sintering characteristics of injection moulded gas atomised 316L stainless steel powder using new developed binder system. Model experiments were conducted with new palm-based biopolymer binder system consists of palm stearin and polypropylene. The feedstocks having 65 vol. % of metal powder were injection moulded into a test bar. A rapid two stage debinding process involving solvent extraction and thermal pyrolysis was successful in removing the palm stearin binder in short time. The specimens were then sintered under vacuum atm

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Yang, Weiguang, Xi Wang, Hai Zhou, and Ti Zhou. "Effect of nano TiC on microstructure and microhardness of composite additive manufacturing 316L stainless steel." Materials Research Express 8, no. 12 (2021): 126521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac3b7d.

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Abstract The lower surface hardness limits the further application of 316 L stainless steel. In this study, selective laser melting (SLM)/laser metal deposition (LMD) composite additive manufacturing technology was used to prepare five kinds of 316L-nano-TiC cermet strengthening layers on the surface of 316L stainless steel, and to study the effect of nano-TiC particle content on the microstructure and the influence of microhardness. Use Laser microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) to analyze the structure, element distribution and phase composition of the s

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Kuffner, Bruna Horta Bastos, Patricia Capellato, Larissa Mayra Silva Ribeiro, Daniela Sachs та Gilbert Silva. "Production and Characterization of a 316L Stainless Steel/β-TCP Biocomposite Using the Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) Technique for Dental and Orthopedic Applications". Metals 11, № 12 (2021): 1923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11121923.

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Metallic biomaterials are widely used for implants and dental and orthopedic applications due to their good mechanical properties. Among all these materials, 316L stainless steel has gained special attention, because of its good characteristics as an implantable biomaterial. However, the Young’s modulus of this metal is much higher than that of human bone (~193 GPa compared to 5–30 GPa). Thus, a stress shielding effect can occur, leading the implant to fail. In addition, due to this difference, the bond between implant and surrounding tissue is weak. Already, calcium phosphate ceramics, such a

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Yang, Xia, Ying Long Bai, Meng Xu, and Shi Ju Guo. "Preparation and Properties of Cu-10Sn Alloy Infiltrated 316L Stainless Steel Composites." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 552–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.552.

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A new method to produce powder metallurgy (P/M) 316L stainless steel matrix composite by pressureless infiltrating Cu-10Sn alloy was studied. The effect of various compaction pressures and infiltrating temperatures on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance was investigated. The results show that high density P/M 316L stainless steel matrix composite could be achieved by infiltration. A maximum relative density of 98% was achieved, provided that the porosity of the skeleton was controlled at 18%~22%. After infiltration, hardness of the samples increased from 49 HRB t

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Ahuir-Torres, Juan Ignacio, Andrew Burgess, Martin Charles Sharp, et al. "A Study of the Corrosion Resistance of 316L Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Bed Laser Additive Manufacturing." Applied Sciences 14, no. 17 (2024): 7471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14177471.

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Commercially available 316L (1.4404) stainless steel is commonly used for industrial filtration due to its combination of good material properties, particularly its corrosion resistance, which is a critical factor for filters in corrosive (e.g., saltwater) environments. Recently, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) has enabled new more complex and efficient filtration pieces to be manufactured from this material. However, it is critical to know how the corrosion resistance is affected by this manufacturing strategy. Here, the corrosion resistance of LPBF manufactured 316L stainless steel is compare

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Raza Malik, Muhammad Rafi, Faiz Ahmad, Othman Mamat, Mohd Afian Omar, R. M. German, and Ali S. Muhsan. "Effects of Sintering Temperature and Cooling Rate on Mechanical Properties of Powder Injection Molded 316L Stainless Steel." Solid State Phenomena 185 (February 2012): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.185.102.

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This research presents the effects of temperature and cooling rate on mechanical properties of powder injection molded 316L Stainless steel. Steel powder and binder were mixed together to produce the feedstock. The green samples were produced by injection molding and debinded. Brown test samples were sintered in vacuum at 1325°C, 1360°C and 1380°C for 2h with two heating and cooling rates 5°C/min and 10°C/ min. The test samples sintered at 1325°C achieved maximum sintered density. The higher cooling rate improved the strength of the sintered test samples. The maximum sintered density of 96% an

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Subuki, Istikamah, Junaidah Jai, Ismail Muhammad Hussain, Norita Hassan, and Mohd Afian Omar. "Interaction between Binder and Powder in Injection Moulding of 316L Stainless Steel." Advanced Materials Research 879 (January 2014): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.879.7.

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Owing to several steps involved in metal injection moulding (MIM) process, it is important to understand the interactions between metal powder and binder mixture particularly during mixing, injection moulding and debinding. A polar organic compound generally forms hydrogen bonds more readily with metal powder because of acid-base interactions. In this study, the interaction of local binder system comprised of; palm stearin (PS) and thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) with conventional binder; polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and paraffin wax (PW) and mixed with 316L stainless steel powder

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Abdullah, Zulaikha, Sufizar Ahmad, and Murni Faridah Mahammad Rafter. "Characterization of 316L Stainless Steel Foams for Biomedical Applications." Materials Science Forum 840 (January 2016): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.840.231.

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Metal foam is the cellular structures that made from metal and have pores in their structures. Metal foam also known as the porous metals, which express that the structure has a large volume of porosities with the value of up to 0.98 or 0.99. Porous 316L stainless steel was fabricated by powder metallurgy route with the composition of the SS316L metal powder as metallic material, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Carbamide as the space holder. The powders were mixed in a ball mill at 60 rpm for 10 minutes and the mixtures were put into the mold for the pressing. The samples were uniaxially pressed

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Jang, Jin Man, Wonsik Lee, Se-Hyun Ko, Chulwoong Han, and Hanshin Choi. "Oxide Formation In Metal Injection Molding Of 316L Stainless Steel." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (2015): 1281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0114.

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Abstract The effects of sintering condition and powder size on the microstructure of MIMed parts were investigated using water-atomized 316L stainless steel powder. The 316L stainless steel feedstock was injected into micro mold with micro features of various shapes and dimensions. The green parts were debound and pre-sintered at 800°C in hydrogen atmosphere and then sintered at 1300°C and 1350°C in argon atmosphere of 5torr and 760torr, respectively. The oxide particles were formed and distributed homogeneously inside the sample except for the outermost region regardless of sintering conditio

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Gargalis, Leonidas, Leonidas Karavias, Joachim S. Graff, Spyros Diplas, Elias P. Koumoulos, and Evangelia K. Karaxi. "Novel Powder Feedstock towards Microstructure Engineering in Laser Powder Bed Fusion: A Case Study on Duplex/Super Duplex and Austenitic Stainless-Steel Alloys." Metals 13, no. 9 (2023): 1546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13091546.

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Additive manufacturing of Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) and Super Duplex Stainless Steels (SDSS) has been successfully demonstrated using LPBF in recent years, however, both alloys feature an almost fully ferritic microstructure in the as-built condition due to the fast cooling rates associated with the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process. Blends of DSS and SDSS powders were formulated with austenitic stainless-steel 316L powder, aiming to achieve increased austenite formation during in the LPBF as-built condition to potentially minimize the post heat treatments (solution annealing and quen

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Tseng, Kuang Hung, and Ko Jui Chuang. "Study of Type 316L Stainless Steel TIG Welding with MoO₃ Powder." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 901–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.901.

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In the present work, a specific oxide flux was used to systematically investigate the effects of activated tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding on the surface appearance, weld morphology, angular distortion, residual stress, and ferrite structure in type 316L stainless steel plates. MoO3 flux used was packed in powdered form. The results showed that MoO3 flux assisted TIG welding technique can produce a significant improvement in power density of heat source and weld aspect ratio, resulting in low angular distortion and residual stress levels. The MoO3 flux assisted TIG welding associated with a r

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Botero, Carlos, Andrey Koptyug, William Sjöström, Emilio Jiménez-Piqué, Aydın Şelte, and Lars Erik Rännar. "Functionally Graded Steels Obtained via Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion." Key Engineering Materials 964 (November 23, 2023): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-xac6qo.

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Electron-Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EB-PBF) is one of the most important metal additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. In EB-PBF, a focused electron beam is used to melt metal powders in a layer by layer approach. In this investigation two pre-alloyed steel-based powders, stainless steel 316L and V4E, a tool steel developed by Uddeholm, were used to manufacture functionally graded materials. In the proposed approach two powders are loaded into the feeding container, V4E powder on top of 316L one, preventing their mixing. Such type of feeding yields components with two distinct materials separat

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Balart, MarÍa J., Xinjiang Hao, and Claire L. Davis. "Automated SEM/EDS Analysis for Assessment of Trace Cross-Contamination in 316L Stainless Steel Powders." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 53, no. 2 (2021): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06474-4.

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AbstractFollowing observations of microcracking in two, out of three, Additive manufactured (AM) 316L steel samples, an investigation was undertaken to ascertain the root cause. Welding diagrams, taking into account composition and process parameters, could not generally account for the experimental observations of non-cracked versus cracked AM 316L samples. EBSD phase maps in all three AM samples exhibited a fully austenitic microstructure not only in the bulk sample but also near-surface. Analysis of microcracked regions in the AM samples showed the presence of local enrichment of Ni, Cu and

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Raza, Muhammad Rafi, Faiz Ahmad, M. A. Omar, and R. M. German. "Binder Removal from Powder Injection Molded 316L Stainless Steel." Journal of Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (2011): 2042–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2011.2042.2047.

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Wang Di, 王迪, 杨永强 Yang Yongqiang, 何兴容 He Xingrong, 吴伟辉 Wu Weihui, 苏旭彬 Su Xubing, and 王红卫 Wang Hongwei. "Fiber laser selective melting of 316L stainless steel powder." High Power Laser and Particle Beams 22, no. 8 (2010): 1881–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/hplpb20102208.1881.

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