Academic literature on the topic '356-323 B.C'

ABSTRAK Penerapan kebijakan Capital Buffer sangat diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas permodalan bank Syariah. Di satu sisi bank menghadapi dilema untuk tetap mempertahankan keamanan modalnya, atau memilih untuk meningkatkan keuntungan usahanya. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Capital Buffer Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya dengan menggunakan metode kausalitas melalui pendekatan kuantitatif. Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) sebanyak 14 BUS menjadi populasi, sedangkan untuk sampel diambil sebanyak 12 BUS selama lima tahun dengan tekhnik purposive sampling. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan aplikasi Eviews9. Capital Buffer menjadi variable dependen sedangkan variabel independennya adalah tingkat risiko pembiayaan bermasalah (NPF), tingkat profitabilitas (ROE), ukuran bank (Size) dan tingkat likuiditas (FDR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan secara parsial tingkat risiko pembiayaan (NPF) tidak berpengaruh terhadap Capital Buffer, tingkat profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh terhadap Capital Buffer, ukuran bank (Size) berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap Capital Buffer dan tingkat likuiditas berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap Capital Buffer. Implikasi dari penelitian ini yaitu besar atau kecilnya NPF serta tingkat profitabilitas yang dimiliki bank tidak akan terlalu berpengaruh terhadap ketersediaan Capital Buffer, namun semakin besar ukuran bank (aset) dan tingkat likuiditas yang dimiliki bank akan menjadikan Capital Buffer suatu bank dalam keadaan stabil sehingga dalam hal ini bank harus senantiasa meningkatkan kualitas asset dan cadangan likuiditasnya. Kata Kunci: Capital Buffer, NPF, ROE, Bank Size, FDR. ABSTRACT The implementation of the Capital Buffer policy is very much needed to improve the quality of Islamic bank capital. On the one hand, the bank faces a dilemma to maintain the safety of its capital, or choose to increase its business profits. The purpose of this study is to determine the Capital Buffer of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia and the factors that influence it by using the causality method through a quantitative approach. As many as 14 Sharia Commercial Banks (BUS) became the population, while the sample was taken by 12 BUS for five years using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis using the Eviews9 application. Capital Buffer is the dependent variable, while the independent variables are the level of non-performing financing risk (NPF), profitability (ROE), bank size (Size) and liquidity level (FDR). The results showed that partially the level of financing risk (NPF) had no effect on the Capital Buffer, the level of profitability had no effect on the Capital Buffer, the size of the bank (Size) had a significant negative effect on the Capital Buffer and the level of liquidity had a significantly negative effect on the Capital Buffer. The implication of this research is that the size of the NPF and the level of profitability owned by the bank will not greatly affect the availability of Capital Buffers, but the larger the size of the bank (assets) and the level of liquidity owned by the bank will make the Capital Buffer of a bank in a stable condition so that in terms of Banks must always improve the quality of their assets and liquidity reserves. Keywords: Capital Buffer, NPF, ROE, Bank Size, FDR. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Agustuty, L., & Ruslan, A. (2019). Determinan capital buffer pada industri perbankan. Movere Journal, 1(2), 164-174. Andhika, Y. D., & Suprayogi, N. (2017). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi capital adequacy ratio (CAR) bank umum syariah di Indonesia . Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 4(4), 312-323. https://doi.org/10.20473/vol4iss20174pp312-323 Andiani, L., & Kurnia, K. (2017). Pengaruh risiko, profitabilitas, kebijakan dividen, ukuran, dan likuiditas bank terhadap capital buffer. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Akuntansi, 6(5), 2013-2031. Anjarwati, K. N., & Ibnu, H., & Madi, R. A. (2016). Determinant capital buffer studi kasus pada bank umum swasta nasional non devisa di Indonesia periode tahun 2012-2016. Jurnal Universitas Halu Oleo Kendari, 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31227/osf.io/hrmnp Anggitasari, A. A. (2013). Hubungan simultan antara capital buffer dan risiko. Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro. Bayuseno, M. C., & Chabahib, M. (2014). Analisis faktor yang mempengaruhi capial buffer perbankan di Indonesia (Studi pada bank-bank konvensional go public periode 2010-2013). Diponegoro Journal of Management, 3(4), 1-13. Claudio Borio, C. F., Furfine, C., & Lowe, P. (2001). Procyclicality of the financial system and financial stabiity: Issue and policy options. In Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Marrying the macro- and micro-prudential dimensions of financial stability (pp. 1-57). Bank for International Settlements. Distinguin, I., Roulet, C., & Tarazi, A. (2013). Bank regulatory capital and liquidity: Evidence from US and European. Journal of Banking & Finance 37(9), 3295–3317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.04.027 Effendi, T. U. (2018). Analisis faktor internal bank terhadap capital buffer pada industri perbankan di Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Indonesia, 2, 231-241. Fauzia, N. A., & Idris, D. (2016). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi capital buffer (Studi kasus pada bank umum konvensional yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2011-2014). Diponegoro Journal of Management, 5(2), 354-365. Gursoy, G. A. (2013). The determinants of capital buffer in the Turkish banking system. International Business Research, 6(1), 224-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v6n1p224 Haryanto, S. (2015). Determinan capital buffer: Kajian empirik industri perbankan nasional. Jurnal Ekonomi Modernisasi, 11(2), 108- 123. https://doi.org/10.21067/jem.v11i2.872 Hisan, U. F. C., & Septiarini, D. F. (2020). Pengaruh faktor fundamental dan variabel makroekonomi terhadap capital buffer bank syariah. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 7(2), 356-371. https://doi.org/10.20473/vol7iss20202pp356-371 Ichtiani, H., Sadalia, I., & Butar, N. A. B. (2017). Analysis of capital buffer in Indonesian banking. Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Organizational Innovation (ICOI 2017), 131, 128-132. https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icoi-17.2017.21 Indrawati, N. K., Salim, U., Hadiwidjojo, D., & Syam, N. (2012). Manajemen risiko berbasis spritual Islam. Ekuitas: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan, 16(2), 184-208. https://doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2012.v16.i2.217 Kurnia, K., & Andiani, L. (2017). Pengaruh risiko, profitabilitas, kebijakan deviden, ukuran perusahaan dan likuiditas bank terhadap capital buffer. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Akuntansi, 6(5), 2013-2031. Mishkin, F. (2008). Ekonomi uang, perbankan dan pasar uang. Jakarta: Salemba Empat. Noreen, U., Alamdar, F., & Tariq, T. (2016). Capital buffers and banks risk: Empirical study of adjustment of Pakistani banks. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issue, 6 (4), 1798-1806. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. (2021). Statistik perbankan Indonesia. Jakarta: Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Pravasanti, Y. A. (2018). Pengaruh NPF dan FDR terhadap CAR dan dampaknya terhadap ROA pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 4(3), 148-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v4i03.302 Purwati, J., Sudarto, & Suwaryo. (2016). Analisis hubungan jangka panjang dan jangka pendek antara NPL, ROE, SIZE dan LOTA terhadap capital buffer. Jurnal Performance, 22(2), 29-48. Rasyidin, D. (2016). Financing to deposit ratio (FDR) sebagai salah satu penilaian kesehatan bank umum syariah (Study kasus pada bank BJB syariah cabang Serang). Jurnal Ekonomi Keuangan dan Bisnis Islam, 7(1), 19-36. https://doi.org/10.32678/ijei.v7i1.34 Rohmana, Y. (2010). Ekonometrika teori dan aplikasi dengan eviews. Bandung: Laboratorium Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Koperasi. Sukmana, R., & Kholid, M. (2013). An assessment of liquidity policies with respect to Islamic and conventional banks: A case study of Indonesia. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 5(2), 126-138. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-09-2011-0023. Shim, J. (2013). Bank capital buffer and portfolio risk: The influence of business cycleand revenue diversification. Journal of Banking & Finance 37(3), 761–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2012.10.002 Siringoringo, R. (2012). Karakter dan fungsi intermediasi perbankan di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan, 15(1), 68. https://doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v15i1.57 Suryani, S., & Hendriyadi, H. (2015). Metode riset kuantitatf teoei dan aplikasi pada penelitian bidang manajemen dan ekonomi Islam. Jakarta: Prenadamedia. Tasman, A. (2020). Capital buffer dan faktor penentunya di Indonesia. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Ekonomi, 10(2), 132-143. https://doi.org/10.24036/011098000 Taswan. (2010). Manajemen perbankan: Konsep, teknik dan aplikasi. Yogyakarta: UPP STIM YKPN Yogyakarta. Wibowo, B. (2016). Stabilitas bank, tingkat persaingan antar bank dan diversifikasi sumber pendapatan: Analisis perkelompok bank di Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi, 15(2), 172-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2016.15.2.5

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of linseed oil on lipid peroxidation, antioxidative capacity, as well as serum glucose, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C and TG levels, in cafeteria-diet-fed dams during gestation and lactation, and in their offspring throughout adulthood. Food and energy intakes were also evaluated. The cafeteria diet led to higher energy intake, body weight, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia (higher TC, LDL-C and TG) in dams’ rats and their pups. Plasma vitamin C, Erythrocyte GSH levels and catalase activity were lower, whereas plasma diene conjugates (DC), Malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels (PC) in plasma and erythrocytes were higher in cafeteria-diet-fed mothers and their pups compared to controls. Supplement of linseed oil significantly enhanced plasma antioxidant defense capacities, as evaluated by the marked increase in the levels of plasma vitamin C and erythrocyte GSH as well as the activities of CAT and the significant reduction in lipid peroxidation (lower DC and MDA) and PC in CAFL-diet-fed mothers and their offspring. Simultaneous intake of linseed oil also reduced body weight, plasma TG, TC and LDL-C contents in obese pregnant and lactating dams and their pups at day 30 and day 90. The flaxseed oil supplementation may prevent lipid peroxidation and metabolic disorders which might be helpful in preventing obesity complications in mothers during pregnancy and lactation and in their offspring. REFERENCES:Adeoye, O., Olawumi, J., Opeyemi, A., & Christiania, O. (2016). Review on the role ofglutathione on oxidative stress and infertility. JBRA Assisted Reproduction, 22(1), 61-66.Aebi, H. (1974). Catalase. 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Alloys used in engines are subjected to challenging environments characterized by thermal and mechanical cyclic loadings during start-up and shut-down processes. These conditions can significantly increase the occurrence of fatigue failure mechanisms. Therefore, this study focuses on investigating the low cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of directionally-solidified alloy at two distinct temperatures, namely 600 °C and 800 °C. Strain-controlled LCF tests were conducted at the specified temperatures, utilizing constant total strain amplitudes of 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1% under a totally reversed loading ratio (R = -1). The Coffin-Manson model, based on plastic deformation, along with a hysteresis energy-based criterion model, were employed to predict and evaluate fatigue life and LCF behavior. Notably, the hysteresis energy and Coffin-Manson models exhibited superior capability in predicting LCF life at 800 °C compared to 600 °C. REFERENCES Salehnasab, J. Marzbanrad, E. 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Formen und Bedeutung sozio-politischer Repräsentation im Hause Thurn und Taxis (Thurn und Taxis Studien. Neue Folge, 10), Regensburg 2018, Pustet, VII u. 280 S., € 34,95. (Dorothée Goetze, Bonn) Wunder, Dieter, Der Adel im Hessen des 18. Jahrhunderts – Herrenstand und Fürstendienst. Grundlagen einer Sozialgeschichte des Adels in Hessen (Veröffentlichungen der Historischen Kommission für Hessen, 84), Marburg 2016, Historische Kommission für Hessen, XIV u. 844 S. / Abb., € 39,00. (Alexander Kästner, Dresden) Mährle, Wolfgang (Hrsg.), Aufgeklärte Herrschaft im Konflikt. Herzog Carl Eugen von Württemberg 1728 – 1793. Tagung des Arbeitskreises für Landes- und Ortsgeschichte im Verband der württembergischen Geschichts- und Altertumsvereine am 4. und 5. Dezember 2014 im Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart (Geschichte Württembergs, 1), Stuttgart 2017, Kohlhammer, 354 S. / Abb., € 25,00. 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