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Prasetyowati, Sapto Rini Budi. "Pengaruh Pemberian DEAE DEXTRAN dan Pengaturan Suhu Inkubasi Terhadap Replikasi Virus Avian Influenza pada Telur Ayam Berembrio." Jurnal Biosains Pascasarjana 17, no. 3 (December 1, 2015): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jbp.v17i3.2015.124-134.
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Abstrak Kemampuan replikasi virus Avian Influenza (AI) di telur ayam berembrio (TAB) tidak stabil. Titer virus yang dihasilkan rendah dan sangat bervariasi antar tiap TAB. Suhu inkubasi yang optimal bervariasi untuk masing masing virus AI berkisar 350C- 370C. Di-ethyl amino ethyl Dextran (DEAE Dextran) bersifat polikationik sehingga bisa meningkatkan adesi antara virus dan sel embrio. Penelitian ini menggunakan suhu 350C dan suhu 370C serta konsentrasi DEAE Dextran 25 dan 50 mikrogram. Peningkatan replikasi virus diketahui dengan Uji Haemagglutinasi (HA) dan Egg Infectious Dose 50. Hasil uji HA yang dibutuhkan adalah Prosentase titer HA ≥ 128 HAU. Hasil penelitian dengan analisa Chi-square didapatkan hasil bahwa virus A/chicken/Subang29/clade 2.1.3/Pusvetma 2012 ada hubungan prosentase titer HA ≥128, pada suhu inkubasi 370C dan antara tanpa pemberian Dextran dan dengan pem-berian DEAE Dextran 25 dan 50 mikrogram. Sedangkan virus A/Chicken/Sukoharjo/clade 2.3.2/Pusvetma 2012 menunjukkan adanya hubungan besarnya prosentase titer HA ≥ 128 HAU dengan suhu inkubasi 350C dan pemberian Dextran 25 dan 50 mikrogram. Perbedaan kemampuan replikasi kedua virus tersebut dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan susunan asam amino pada Haemagglutinin yang ditunjukkan dengan homologi antara keduanya adalah 87,8%-88.1%. DEAE Dextran berpengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan kemampuan replikasi virus Avian Influenza HPAI A/chicken/Subang29/clade 2.1.3/Pusvetma 2012 dan A/ Chicken /Sukoharjo/clade 2.3.2/Pusvetma 2012 pada suhu inkubasi yang berbeda Keyword: Avian Influenza, DEAE Dextran, Suhu Inkubasi
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Hường, Nguyễn Thúy, Nguyễn Phương Thảo, Trần Thị Bích Hạnh, and Nguyễn Đăng Hiền. "Nghiên cứu tính ổn định của vắc xin Rotavin công thức cải tiến sản xuất tại Việt Nam." Tạp chí Y học Dự phòng 30, no. 7 (April 27, 2021): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51403/0868-2836/2020/150.
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Trung tâm Nghiên cứu Sản xuất Vắc xin và Sinh phâm Y tế đã tiến hành nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá tính ổn định về hiệu giá và pH của 3 loạt vắc xin Rotavin ở điều kiện bảo quản lão hóa cấp tốc tại 370C, 250C và điều kiện bảo quản thực 2~8oC, dự đoán và xác định hạn sư dung của vắc xin Rotavin công thức cải tiến có bổ sung chất ổn định gelatin thủy phân (Hydrolyzed gelatin) để có thể bảo quản ở nhiệt độ 2-8oC, giúp thuận tiện trong quá trình bảo quản và phân phối vắc xin trên thị trường cũng như đưa vào sư dung trong Chương trình Tiêm chủng mở rộng Quốc gia. Bằng phương pháp PFU xác định hiệu giá vắc xin Rotavin công thức cải tiến được bảo quản ở điều kiện lão hóa cấp tốc 37oC, 25oC và điều kiện bảo quản thực ở 2-8oC tại các thời điểm khác nhau kể từ ngày sản xuất đã xác định được vắc xin Rotavin duy trìđược sự ổn định về hiệu giá trong 7 ngày ở 37oC, trong 45 ngày ở 25oC và trong 24 tháng ở 2-8oC.
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Haile, Girma, and Birhanu Babiye. "Extraction of Protease Under Solid State Fermentation using Bacterial Isolates from Traditional Leather Processing Waste Water Found Around Wukro Maray." Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia 15, no. 3 (September 27, 2018): 509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2656.
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Enzymes are important in reducing both energy consumption and combating environmental pollution. Proteases are enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of protein molecules.Most of the tannery industries in Ethiopia use chemicals for dehairing that led great environmental and human health problem. The objectives of the present study were,to isolate potential protease producing bacteria from water sample collected from traditional leather processing waste water around Wukro maray;to extract the protease enzyme through SSF using cheap wheat bran, and evaluate the potential activity of the enzyme in leather dehairing. Water samples were serially diluted and 1ml of sample was spread on nutrient agar and kept at 370C for 24 hrs. Many colonies of bacteria were formed. The colony from C10-4 and G10-3 were taken by using inoculating loop for sub culturing to get pure colony. Then the pure cultured colony were inoculated into the 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks containing substrate were fermented after 6 days incubation at 370C. The results of the unknown concentration of the crude protease enzyme showed successfully used as dehairing agent on hide. The results indicate that these bacteria isolate can be used as biotechnological tool for industrial purpose.
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Yani, Riski Budi, Anthoni Agustien, and Feskaharny Alamsjah. "Pengaruh pH dan Suhu terhadap Produksi Antibiotika dari Isolat Bakteri Endofitik pada Tumbuhan Andalas (Morus macroura Miq.)." Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 1 (May 8, 2019): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.2019.v06.i01.p14.
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The study used survey method and the data were analysed descriptively. The selection of the bacteria which produce antibiotic had been with paper disk method and used Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as the sample bacteria. This result showed pH 7,0 was succesful optimum pH antibiotic produced for Bacillus sp.1 and Bacillus sp.2. and 370C was the optimum temperature to antibiotic produced from Bacillus sp.1 and Bacillus sp.2.
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McKeen, Catherine. "Swillsburg City Limits (The ‘City Of Pigs’: Republic 370C–372D)." Polis: The Journal for Ancient Greek Political Thought 21, no. 1-2 (2004): 70–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/20512996-90000061.
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At Republic 370c–372d, Plato presents us with an early polis that is self-sufficient, peaceful, cooperative, and which provides a comfortable life for its inhabitants. While Glaucon derides this polis as a ‘city for pigs’, Socrates is quick to defend its virtues characterizing it as a city which is not only ‘complete’ (telea), but a ‘true’ (alêthinê polis) and ‘healthy’ city (hugiês tis) (371e–372e). Is Plato sincere when he lauds the city of pigs? if so, why does the city of pigs degenerate so precipitously into the luxurious city (truphôsa polis)? Some commentators have been unable to find any place for the ‘city of pigs’ in the substantive argument of the Republic. Other commentators have supposed that the source of instability in the city of pigs is the nature of human desire. I argue that these interpretations miss what is most deeply interesting about the city of pigs. On my reading, the city of pigs is healthy and true in that it is a unified community. However, this unity depends on good fortune, is highly contingent, and thus unstable.
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Dutra, Mateus José, Daniela Jorge Corralo, Daniela Dal Olmo Merib, Jayne De Oliveira Manica, Laura Mezzalira Quevedo, Marcos Eugênio de Bittencourt, and Patricia Borsatto Zenatti. "Eficácia de agentes químicos na desinfecção de tubetes anestésicos odontológicos." Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia de Porto Alegre 61, no. 1 (August 20, 2020): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2177-0018.97389.
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Durante o atendimento odontológico, o paciente pode ser exposto a várias fontes de contaminações, por isso a equipe odontológica deve sempre implementar ações de biossegurança. Materiais não autoclaváveis, como os tubetes anestésicos, necessitam ser desinfetados previamente ao seu uso, pois não são estéreis, podendo transmitir patógenos entre os pacientes. Este estudo objetivou avaliar e comparar a eficácia de três soluções desinfetantes na redução da carga microbiana em tubetes de anestésicos odontológicos. Os tubetes anestésicos (n=31) foram escolhidos aleatoriamente e submetidos a diferentes métodos e agentes desinfetantes (Álcool 70%, Dióxido de Cloro 7%; Cloreto de benzalcônio 5,2% com Polihexametileno biguanida 3,5%). Após a desinfecção por métodos de imersão ou fricção, os tubetes foram semeados em meio de cultura contendo caldo tripticase de soja e incubados (48h/370C). Amostras do meio de cultura líquido foram repicadas e semeadas em ágar tripticase de soja, incubado durante 48h a 370C. O crescimento microbiano foi observado pela presença de unidades formadoras de colônias (UFCs) crescidas no ágar. O estudo concluiu que os produtos Álcool 70% e Cloreto de benzalcônio 5,2% com Polihexametileno biguanida 3,5% demostraram ser mais eficazes na eliminação da carga microbiana dos tubetes pelo método de fricção, e que realmente os tubetes anestésicos tem sua superfície externa contaminada. O estudo comprovou ser o método de fricção do agente desinfetante mais eficaz na redução da carga microbiana comparado a imersão. Dos agentes testados, o Dióxido de Cloro 7% não demonstrou um nível de desinfecção satisfatório.
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Peslinof, Mardian. "PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENGONTROLAN TEMPERATUR PADA ALAT PENETAS TELUR OTOMATIS." JOURNAL ONLINE OF PHYSICS 4, no. 2 (September 25, 2019): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jop.v4i2.7571.
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Telah dilakukan penelitian untukmembuat perancangan pengontrolan temperatur pada alat penetas telur otomatis. Alat penetas telur diset temperaturnya terjaga pada temperatur 380C. Untuk menjaga suhu supaya stabil pada temperatur 380C maka dilakukan pengontrolan temperatur pada alat penetas telur otomatis. Pengontrolan temperatur dilakukan dengan mengatur pemanasan yang melalui heater menggunakan sensor DHT11. Panas dari heater akan diserap melalui kipas dan disebarkan ke seluruh wadah penetas. Heater akan mati apabila suhu telah mencapai temperatur 380C. Dari pengontrolan yang dilakukan maka hasil yang didapatkan dari sistem kontrol dengan set point 380C berkisar antara 370C dan 400C.
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Roux, Aliza le. "Starting anew." Nature 451, no. 7176 (January 2008): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nj7176-370c.
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Emmanuel Pax, Makhura, Edison Muzenda, and Tumeletso Lekgoba. "Effect of co-digestion of food waste and cow dung on biogas yield." E3S Web of Conferences 181 (2020): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018101005.
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This paper aims at finding the effect of co-digestion of cow dung and food waste on total biogas yield. Biogas production was improved through co-digestion of cow dung and food waste (FW) containing a small fraction of inoculum under mesophilic temperature (37ºC) over a retention time of 24 days. Co-digestion ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 for cowdung/foodwaste were used for the study on anaerobic digestion on the co digested matter. Tests were carried out starting with the preparation of substrates, substrate characterization to determine the moisture content (MC), total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS) and ultimately batch anaerobic digestion experiments under thermophilic conditions (370C). The moisture content, volatile solids and total solids for food waste were 78, 22 and 90.7% respectively while the characteristics for cow dung were 67.2, 32.8 and 96.0 % respectively. From the study, a mixing ratio of cow dung: food waste of 1:2 was found to be the optimum substrate mixture for biogas production at 25595.7 Nml. The accumulated gas volumes of 18756.6, 14042.5, 13940.8 and 13839.1 Nml were recorded for cow dung: food waste ratios of 2:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 respectively. For a co-digestion containing more of the food waste than cow dung, a higher volume of biogas is produce.
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Ira, Andalib Mustafa Iqbal, Sabina Jesmin, Shakila Akhter, Mahfuza Mazeda Rowshan, Eliza Omar Eva, and Mir Misbahuddin. "Ability of Extracts of Spirulina for the Removal of Arsenic from Isolated Liver Tissues of Experimental Rat." Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh 6, no. 2 (December 14, 2020): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v6i2.50764.
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Background: Spirulina has several effects in the metabolism of the body.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the ability of extracts of spirulina for the removal of arsenic from isolated liver tissues of rat.
Methodology: This animal study was carried out on isolated liver tissues of Long Evans Norwegian adult healthy male rats weighing 160 to 200 g. The rats were 3 to 6 months of age obtained from animal house of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 2004 to 2005. Measurements and all tasks were performed in a very careful manner. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer with Hydride Generator was used to measure the arsenic level. A set of freshly washed test tubes was taken. All test tubes contained 2ml tyrode solution and twenty small pieces of liver tissue maintaining 00C. No arsenic was added in test tube I. 2.5 μg/ml arsenic trioxide was added rest of the test tubes. They all were incubated for 45 minutes at 370C. Then the tissues were washed properly. The extracts of spirulina was added at 20 μl/ml dose. Second incubation was also for another 45 minutes at 370C. There were duplicates of all test tubes.
Result: The effects of different extracts of spirulina (E1, E2, E4 and E7) on the removal of arsenic from arsenic loaded tissue were recorded. Amount of accumulated arsenic (mean ± se) in blank was 6.04 ± 3.05 μg/g of protein. After administration of 2.5 μg/ml arsenic trioxide in both incubation, the amount of accumulated arsenic was 245.02 ± 22.37 μg/g of protein. Blank was deducted from the standard and the value was considered as control and it was 238.96 ± 19.32 μg / g of protein. The arsenic loaded tissues were incubated with different extracts (E1, E2, E4 and E7) of spirulina in second incubation for another 45 minutes at 370C and each extract was for 20 μl / ml. After E1 extract of spirulina in second incubation, amount of accumulated arsenic was 136.40 ± 14.23 μg / g. There was 14.81% of removal of arsenic. Second incubation with E2 extract of spirulina (20 μl/ml) on arsenic loaded (2.5 μg/ml) tissue showed the amount of arsenic 242.56 ± 16.50 μg/g of protein (mean ± se). There was 12.59% of removal of arsenic.
Conclusion: In conclusion extracts of spirulina has a significant ability to remove arsenic from isolated liver tissues of experimental rat.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 105-109
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Wilkins, Nikhil, Timothy Stephens, and Laura Felix. "EXTH-49. BXQ-350 TARGETS TO THE LYSOSOME AND KILLS GLIOBLASTOMA (GBM) CELLS VIA ACTIVATION OF APOPTOTIC CASPASES IN VITRO." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (November 2020): ii97—ii98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.403.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Apoptosis is a programmed cell death mechanism where cells respond to internal or external stimuli by initiating a cascade of events and enzymes leading to cell death. One of the hallmarks of cancer is the ability to resist apoptotic stimuli. Removing resistances to apoptosis can result in the death of these tumor cells. METHOD The GBM cell line Gli36ΔEGFR was used to determine Caspase activity and BXQ-350 cytotoxicity. Cells were treated with 9uM to 30uM BXQ-350 in triplicate and incubated for 24 hours at 37oC. Promega’s Caspase-Glo 9 or Caspase-Glo 3/7 reagent was added to each well of a plate and was incubated at room temperature in the dark for 3 hours then luminescence was read. The parallel cytotoxic assay was run under the same conditions except Roche’s MTT labeling reagent was added to each well after 24 hours and the plate was incubated at 370C for 4 hours. Solubilization solution was added to each well, the plate was incubated overnight then absorbance was read. The GBM cell line U87 MG was used to determine lysosomal targeting by treating with 10uM BXQ-350 and incubated at 37oC overnight. They were stained with anti-SapC (RFP) and anti-LAMP1 (GFP) antibodies and images were taken. RESULT BXQ-350 mediated cell death is correlated with a rise in Caspase 3, Caspase 7 and Caspase 9 activity. The caspase activity levels did not rise until after BXQ-350 passed its IC50 and stayed elevated. Caspases 3/7 levels showed higher activity compared to untreated than Caspase 9. BXQ-350 was seen to colocalize to LAMP1, a lysosomal membrane protein. CONCLUSION BXQ-350 tracks to the lysosomal membrane where it initiates a cascade of enzymes necessary to cause apoptosis. Caspases 3/7 are the effector caspases that complete the apoptotic process removing a major barrier to fight cancer.
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Popescu, Rodica, Daniela Ionita, and Florin Minculescu. "Influence of Composition, Concentration and Temperature of some Biological Liquids upon the Corrosion Behaviour of Titanum." Revista de Chimie 59, no. 1 (February 9, 2008): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.08.1.1698.
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In order to investigate the corrosion behaviour of titan in aqueous solutions of lactic acid (1, 3 and 4% w) and albumin (2 and 10 % w) the cyclic polarization curves in potentiodynamic conditions were used. The corrosion parameters were estimated and their values were discussed as a function of acid lactic and albumin concentration and temperature. The stability of titan in investigated biological liquids was interpreted by involvment of the adsorption of either lactic acid or albumin onto the passive layer, a process which is favorised by moderate temperatures (as 370C � the human body temperature) as well as by low concentrations of lactic acid and albumin, respectively.
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Debnath, Bithi, Naila Zaman Khan, Dilara Begum, Asma Begum Shilpi, and Shaheen Akter. "Effect of Elevated Temperature on Immediate Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Term Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy." Journal of Enam Medical College 9, no. 3 (September 22, 2019): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v9i3.43244.
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Background: Among term infants, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy due to acute perinatal asphyxia remains an important cause of neurodevelopmental deficits in childhood. Treatment is currently limited to supportive intensive care, without any specific brain-oriented therapy.
Objective: To determine whether the risk of death or moderate/severe neurodevelopmental impairment in term infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy increases with relatively high skin or rectal temperature between 12 and 72 hours of birth.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study. Asphyxiated newborns who came within 12 hours of birth were enrolled in this study. Both axillary and rectal temperature were recorded 6 hourly for 72 hours and each infant`s temperature for each site were rank ordered. Then mean of all axillary and rectal temperatures of each neonate was calculated. Outcomes were related to temperatures in logistic regression analyses for the elevated/relatively high temperatures and normal/low temperatures group, with adjustment of the level of encephalopathy and gender.
Results: The mean axillary temperature was 36.07 ± 6.10C and in 25.71%, 11.92% and 6.32% cases axillary temperatures were >370C, >37.50C and >380C respectively. The mean rectal temperature was 36.8 ± 60C, and in 43.53%, 30.02% and 19.97% cases rectal temperatures were >370C, >37.50C and >380C respectively. Mean ambient temperature was 26.170C. There was significant correlation between axillary and rectal temperatures (r=0.889). For elevated temperature, the odds of death or moderate to severe impairment increased 8.9-fold (CI 0.906–88.18) and the odds of death alone increased 4.6-fold (CI 0.373–56.83). The odds of impairment increased 1.84-fold (CI 0.45– 7.50).
Conclusion: Relatively high temperature during usual care after hypoxic-ischemia in term neonates was associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.
J Enam Med Col 2019; 9(3): 160-165
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Smolović, B., D. Muhović, A. Hodžić, G. Bergant, and B. Peterlin. "The role of next generation sequencing in the differential diagnosis of caroli’s syndrome." Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics 21, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjmg-2018-0027.
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Abstract We report the case of a 41-year-old man on conservative treatment for more than 20 years for chronic renal insufficiency, chronic hepatitis and recurrent cholangitis. Following lengthy and extensive diagnostics, the differential diagnosis included primary sclerosing cholangitis and Caroli’s disease (CD). To solve the diagnostic challenge, next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to distinguish between the disorders possibly present in the patient. The diagnosis of CD became evident after two rare known pathogenic mutations were detected in the poly-ductin 1 (PKHD1) gene, c.370C>T (p.Arg124Ter) and c.4870C>T (p.Arg1624Trp). In this case, NGS was instrumental in solving the diagnostic challenge, allowing differentiation among the proposed genetic and non-genetic ethiologies.
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Jonas, Mark E., Yoshiaki M. Nakazawa, and James Braun. "Appetite, Reason, and Education in Socrates’ ‘City of Pigs’." Phronesis 57, no. 4 (2012): 332–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685284-12341047.
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Abstract In Book II of the Republic (370c-372d), Socrates briefly depicts a city where each inhabitant contributes to the welfare of all by performing the role for which he or she is naturally suited. Socrates calls this city the ‘true city’ and the ‘healthy one’. Nearly all commentators have argued that Socrates’ praise of the city cannot be taken at face value, claiming that it does not represent Socrates’ preferred community. The point of this paper is to argue otherwise. The claim is that Socrates genuinely believes the city is a healthy and desirable city, and that he believes that the First City (the so-called ‘city of pigs’) is in fact superior to the Kallipolis.
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Felix, Laura, Timothy J. Stephens, and Nikhil J. Wilkins. "BXQ-350 to target to the lysosome and kill glioblastoma (GBM) cells via activation of apoptotic caspases in vitro." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 3639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.3639.
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3639 Background: Apoptosis is a programmed cell death mechanism where cells respond to internal or external stimuli by initiating a cascade of events and enzymes leading to cell death. One of the hallmarks of cancer is the ability of tumor cells to resist these apoptotic stimuli. This allows tumor cells to have aberrant metabolisms, such as sphingolipid metabolism in tumor cell lysosomes, or mutations which would normally commit cells to death. Saposin C, the protein component of BXQ-350, Bexion Pharmaceuticals’ proprietary biotherapeutic, is involved in normal lysosomal sphingolipid metabolism. Removing resistance, shortcutting steps leading to apoptosis, or correcting sphingolipid metabolism can result in the death of these tumor cells. Methods: The GBM cell line Gli36ΔEGFR was plated in 96 well plates at a density of 1x104 cells per well in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Media with 10% FBS overnight at 37oC for caspase and cytotoxicity assays. Cells were treated with 9uM to 30uM BXQ-350 in triplicate and incubated for 24 hours at 37oC. Promega’s Caspase-Glo 9 or Caspase-Glo 3/7 reagent was added to appropriate wells and the plates were incubated at room temperature in the dark for 3 hours then luminescence was read. The parallel cytotoxic assay was run under the same conditions except Roche’s MTT labeling reagent was added to the appropriate wells after 24 hours and incubated at 370C for 4 hours. Solubilization solution was added to each well and the plate was incubated at 37oC overnight then absorbance was read. The GBM cell line U87 MG was used to determine lysosomal targeting. U87 MG cells were treated with 10uM BXQ-350 and incubated at 37oC overnight. They were stained with anti-SapC (RFP) and anti-LAMP1 (GFP) antibodies and images were taken. Results: BXQ-350 mediated cell death is correlated with a rise in Caspase 3, Caspase 7 and Caspase 9 activity. The caspase activity levels did not rise until after BXQ-350 passed its IC50 and stayed elevated. Caspases 3/7 levels showed higher activity compared to untreated than Caspase 9. In addition to this, BXQ-350 was seen to colocalize to LAMP1, a lysosomal membrane protein. Conclusions: BXQ-350 tracks to the lysosomal membrane where it initiates the cascade of enzymes necessary to cause apoptosis. Caspases 3/7 are the effector caspases and are necessary for the completion of the apoptotic pathway. The higher activity levels of these caspases show the cells are committed to cell death not allowing these cells to subvert apoptosis. This removes one of the major barriers to fighting cancer.
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Y*, Gayatri, Shailaja Raj M., and Vijayalakshmi B. "Biosorption of lead by Bacillus licheniformis isolated from E-waste landfill, Hyderabad, Telangana, India." International Journal of Bioassays 6, no. 2 (January 31, 2017): 5240. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2017.02.003.
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Soil, the basic resource for the life on earth is getting polluted because of the release of different contaminants into it. So, the reduction of soil pollution is the main thrust of most researchers. The contaminants include different components released from different industries and the waste is getting accumulated in the soil because of improper processing. Electronic waste is the most up growing waste in the world. As the electronic industries are progressing the waste that is produced after the usage of the products is also increasing day by day. As a result, the heavy metals which are the main components in electronic goods leach and accumulate in the soil because of informal processing procedures. Poisonous substances such as lead, tin, mercury, cadmium and barium which are the constituents of the electronic goods get discharged into the environment and cause serious health and pollution problems if the electronic waste is not processed properly. The present study focuses on biosorption of lead, an important component of many electronic goods by Bacillus licheniformis isolated from E-waste dump yard soil in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The adsorption studies were carried out using Atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. The adsorption capability of Bacillus licheniformis with different metal concentrations ranging from 10ppm to 25ppm was analyzed and it was observed that the bacteria could reduce 74.94% of 10ppm, 78.9% of 15ppm, 83% of 20ppm and 89.39% of 25ppm lead from the medium. Temperature has a prominent role in metal adsorption by bacteria. At 310C and 370C the adsorption was high. The % of metal adsorbed at 160C was 30.56%, at 310C (Room Temperature) was 56.54 % at 370C was 58.79% and at 60 0C it was 36.31%. The present study is proposed to explore bacteria for the determination of their tolerance capacity in and around the areas of Hyderabad where heavy metal ions are leached and observe for their biotransformation capabilities.
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Ira, Andalib Mustafa Iqbal, Jalaluddin Iqbal, Eliza Omar Eva, Jesmin Fauzia Dewan, Sayedur Rahman, Naznin Rashid Shewly, and Mir Misbahuddin. "Removal of Arsenic from Isolated Liver Tissues of Experimental Rat by Kalmishak." Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 7, no. 2 (October 7, 2020): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jcamr.v7i2.49591.
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Background: Kalmishak has some ability of removal of inorganic matter.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the ability of Kalmishak for the removal of arsenic from isolated liver tissues of rat.
Methodology: This animal study was carried out on isolated liver tissues of Long Evans Norwegian adult healthy male rats weighing 160 to 200 g. The rats were 3 to 6 months of age obtained from animal house of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 2004 to 2005. Measurements and all tasks were performed in a very careful manner. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer with Hydride Generator was used to measure the arsenic level. No arsenic was added in test tube I. 2.5 g/ml arsenic trioxide was added rest of the test tubes. They all were incubated for 45 minutes at 370C. Then the tissues were washed properly. In second incubation, different extracts of kalmishak (C 1and C 2) were added at 20 l/ml dose. Second incubation was also for another 45 minutes at 370C. There were duplicates of all test tubes.
Result: When the tissues were incubated with no arsenic in both 1st and 2nd incubation the amount of arsenic was found 6.62 ± 3.40 μg / g (mean ± s.e) of protein and it was considered as blank. The liver tissues of rat loaded with 2.5 μg / ml arsenic were incubated for 45 minutes at 37°C with no extract and the amount of arsenic was 98.32 ± 36.10 μg / g (mean ± s.e) of protein and the value was considered as standard. The blank value was then deducted from the standard and the derived value was considered as control. After exposure with Compound -1 (20 μl /ml) in second incubation for 45 minutes at 37°C, the amount of arsenic was 69.57 ± 7.60 μg / g (mean ± s.e) of protein. There was 13.00% removal of arsenic.
Conclusion: In conclusion Kalmishak has the ability to remove of arsenic from isolated liver tissues of rat.
Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2020;7(2): 55-59
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Onnom, S., D. Wongratanaphisn, Pitt Supaphol, Pongkaew Udomsamuthirun, T. Nilkamjon, S. Radrang, S. Sonkrua, and S. Payoogthum. "Characterization of LiNbO3 Powder Prepared by Citrate Gel Method." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.153.
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Lithium niobate powder (LiNbO3) were synthesized by citrate gel method using LiNO3, Nb2O5, citric acid and HF as starting materials. LiNO3 was dissolved in distilled water that activated into LiOH. Nb2O5 was dissolved in minimum amount of HF at 370C for 20 h. that activated into NbF5. Then citric acid, LiOH, and NbF5 were mixed in stoichiometric ratio. On heating at 1000C for 3-4 h. a yellowish gel is formed. Lithium niobate powders were obtained after calcination at 550-7000C. The effect of calcination temperature at various temperatures ranging from 5500C to 7000C were investigated. The phase and chemical composition of the synthesized powders were characterized by using XRD, SEM, TEM, FTIR and EDX. We found that the lithium niobate crystallize phase formed when the calcination temperature at 6500C with average particle size of around 100 nm .
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Jagdeo, Kailash R. "Electrochemical corrosion response of ZrN coated Nickel-Titanium alloy in 0.9% NaCl solution." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 2547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37803.
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Abstract: The biomedical application as metallic body implants of Nickel-Titanium shape memory alloys are of high interest due to its unique property of pseudo elasticity. However, high content of nickel and its potential to release from the surface due to corrosion raises safety concerns about its allergic reactions, toxicity and carcinogenicity. Hence, it is necessary to produce proper passivity to prevent surface layer degradation. In this study, ZrN coating on Nickel-Titanium shape memory alloys was obtained by vacuum cathodic arc physical vapor deposition technique to improve electrochemical corrosion resistance. The electrochemical corrosion response was studied in 0.9% NaCl solution at 370C using Tafel extrapolation method. Surface morphology was studied using SEM/EDAX and XRD. ZrN coating increases corrosion stability and micro hardness. Keywords: Shape memory alloy; pseudoelasticity; vacuum cathodic arc PVD; electrochemical corrosion; micro hardness.
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Zoller, Coleen Patricia. "Plato and Equality for Women across Social Class." Journal of Ancient Philosophy 15, no. 1 (May 21, 2021): 35–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1981-9471.v15i1p35-62.
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This essay will marshal evidence for Plato’s extension of equal education and professional opportunity to all women, including artisan women who are not his ideal city’s philosopher-queens. I examine the explicit commentary in the Republic, Timaeus, and Laws about women in artisan professions, and I link it together with the three of the core principles advanced in the Republic, particularly (1) the principle of specialization (R. 369b-370c), (2) the principle of irrelevant reproductive differences (R. 454b-e, 456b), and (3) the principle of children’s potential (R. 415a-c, 423c-d) that arises from the myth of metals. Plato uses his Socrates and the Athenian to argue against gender discrimination because it violates these principles. Plato offering a theory of equal opportunity for women across all classes ought to be highlighted as one of the central achievements of the Republic.
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Thorson, Rachael N., Jordan Price, Yuriana Aguilar, Carmen R. Valdivia, Héctor Valdivia, and Rafael Mejía-Alvarez. "Imperacalcin's Antiarrhythmic Effects are Preserved at 370C in Whole Hearts from a CPVT Mouse Model." Biophysical Journal 116, no. 3 (February 2019): 94a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2018.11.550.
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Anggraini, Putri Dwi Kasih, Abdul Salam, and Wahiduddin Wahiduddin. "Acceptance, nutritional content, and shelf life of cookies based on millet flour as a functional food." Technium Social Sciences Journal 21 (July 9, 2021): 795–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v21i1.3949.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the acceptability, nutritional content, and shelf life of cookies based on millet flour as a functional food. This type of research is a laboratory-based descriptive. Formulation cookies flour of millet is distinguished by the addition of flavorings nature of which includes millet flour cookies without additional flavorings (F1), banana flavor millet flour cookies (F2), spice flavor millet flour cookies (F3) and chocolate flavor millet flour cookies (F4). Data collection procedure was carried out by hedonic test on untrained panelists consisting of men and women aged 18-40 years as many as 25 panelists, then the selected formulations were analyzed for nutritional content and shelf life. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis analysis method and continued with the Mann-Whitney test if the treatment had a significant effect. The panelists' acceptance showed that the formulation of millet flour cookies had no significant effect (p>0.05) on the color, taste, aroma, texture and overall cookies. The F1 cookies formula without the addition of flavoring has the highest average value of the other formulas, which is 4.16 with the preferred category. The results of the proximate test on the selected cookies include water content 6.1%, ash 2.14%, protein 8.38%, fat 30.38%, carbohydrates 53.0%, fiber 2.22%, and total energy 518.98 kcal. The shelf life of cookies using the Arrhenius approach is 14 days at a temperature of 250C, 370C, and a temperature of 440C with the results respectively 134.81 days (4.5 months), 79.18 days (2.6 months) and 59.14 days (1.9 months). While the results of the total microbial test showed that there was a decrease in total microbes in millet flour cookies stored in an incubator at 250C, 370C, and 440C for 4 weeks of storage, respectively 2.05 x 102, 1.05 x 102, and < 4 0.0 x 101, still meets the standard of SNI 01-2973:2011 with a maximum of 1 x 104 colonies/gram. Based on the results of the study, millet flour cookies can be enriched with food sources of protein and fiber so that it can increase the nutritional value of cookies as an additional food.
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Misna, Misna, and Khusnul Diana. "AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KULIT BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus." Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) 2, no. 2 (October 1, 2016): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2016.v2.i2.5990.
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One of the plants tat used in medicine is garlic (Allium cepa L.). In addition as medicinal traditional plant, garlic is used as food spice. Garlic utillizated for the root only, and the skin which is rich with fibrous and flavonoid is wasted. This research aim is to know if the garlic skin have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Garlic skin made into extract with maseration methode using 96% ethanol. Antibacterial activity test with hollow diffusion methode. Te parameter used are inhibition zone created. Variation of concentration are 5%b/v, 10%b/v, 20%b/v, 40%b/v, 60%b/v, 80%b/v. Activity test made with extract added in the hole in the Staphylococcus aureus media, then incubated at temperature 370C 24 hours. The inhibition zone 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% extract respectively were 7,00mm, 8,30mm, 9,60mm, 11,00mm, 12,33m and 14,33mm
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Agustini, Ni Putu Dewi. "TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG DEMAM." Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v3i1.1048.
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Kesehatan adalah keadaan sehat, baik secara fisik, mental, spiritual, maupun sosial yang mamungkinkan setiap orang untuk hidup produktif secara social dan ekonomi. Demam adalah suatu keadaan dimana suhu tubuh lebih tinggi dari biasanya atau diatas 370C. Demam di atas suhu 410C dapat menyebabkan berbagai perubahan metabolisme, fisiologis dan akhirnya kerusakan susunan saraf pusat. Apabila demam tidak segera diatasi akan menyebabkan kejang demam, kerusakan otak dan bahkan kematian. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang demam di Tempek Tengah Banjar Puseh Pejeng Tampaksiring Gianyar. Penelitian yang digunkan adalah deskriptif yaitu penelitian yang dimaksudkan untuk menyelidiki keadaan, kondisi atau hal lain-lain yang sudah disebutkan yang hasilnya dipaparkan dalam bentuk laporan penelitian. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam pemberian dan pengumpulan data adalah dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan, tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang demam diperoleh yang berpengetahuan kurang sebanyak 7,8% yang berpengetahuan cukup 76,3% dan yang berpengetahuan baik sebanyak 15,7 %.
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Iqbal, K., T. Aftab, J. Iqbal, S. Aslam, and R. Ahmed. "Production of Biogas from an Agro-industrial Waste and its Characteristics." Journal of Scientific Research 6, no. 2 (April 24, 2014): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.17320.
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Molasses is a significant by-product of sugar industry and can be used as substrate in anaerobic digestion process for biogas production. Molasses was diluted ten time; inoculated by methane producing bacteria, mixed thoroughly in 2 liter batch bioreactor, kept at 370C for 15 days under anaerobic conditions for biogas yield. pH in the process was monitored three times a day. Total solids, volatile solids and COD were measured at alternate days. The gas production was measured by water displacement method. Ten times diluted molasses under anaerobic conditions, in the presence of methane producing bacteria was converted to 6.55 dm3/kg of biogas or 3.93 dm3/kg CH4 and 0.144 kWh electricity. Keywords: Agro industrial waste; Molasses; Methanogen; Anaerobic digestion; Biogas production. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.17320 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 347-357 (2014)
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Anita, Anita, Nurhidayat Nurhidayat, Dewi Arisanti, and Lilis Wahyuningsih. "IDENTIFIKASI Aspergillus sp PADA KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum) YANG DIPERJUALBELIKAN DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA MAKASSAR." Jurnal Medika 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.53861/jmed.v6i1.189.
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Salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang dibudidayakan di Indonesia karena memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif bahan pangan dan bahan baku industri makanan yaitu Kentang (Solanum tuberosum). Agar kentang tidak mudah busuk sehingga dapat diolah menjadi bahan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis maka penyimpanannya pun harus diperhatikan dengan baik Kandungan karbohidrat, protein, lemak, vitamin air didalam kentang merupakan komponen utama bagi pertumbuhan jamur, sehingga memungkinkan kentang terkontaminasi jamur berbahaya seperti jamur Aspergillus sp.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi Aspergillus sp pada kentang (Solanum tuberosum) yang diperjulabelikan dipasar tradisional Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasi laboratorik dengan menggunakan media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) yang diinkubasi selama 5 hari pada suhu 370C. Dari hasil pengamatan makroskopik dan mikroskopik didapatkan 1 sampel yang positif terdapat Aspergillus sp dari 10 sampel kentang yang diteliti. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa sampel yang diteliti terdapat jamur Aspergillus sp.
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Saha, Monidipta, Rajib S. Rana, Biswanath Adhikary, and Sabyasachi Mitra. "Screening of bacterial strains for pectate lyase production and detection of optimal growth conditions for enhanced enzyme activity." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 370–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i1.1198.
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In the present study, the pectatelyase production by fifty two bacterial strains isolated from ramie grown soils were studied and the strain RDSM01 showed maximum pectate lyase activity. According to sequence homology of Genbank, the strain RDSM01 was identified as Bacillus subtilis (Genbank Accession No. KX035109). Maximum pectate lyase activity of the strain was observed when 1.5% (v/v) inoculum was added to the growth medium and was incubated for 48 hours at 34-370C and at pH 7.0. The relative activity of the strain was 19% higher when apple pectin was used as carbon source compared to citrus pectin. Maximum enzyme production (149.1 – 153.4 IU/ml) was recorded when ammonium chloride or ammonium sulphate at 0.4% concentration was used as nitrogen source. Thus, B. subtilis strain RDSM01 possessing high pectate lyase activity may be effectively utilized for removal of gum from ramie fibre, which is primarily made of pectin and hemicellulose.
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Okoli, Uzoamaka Adaobi. "A Preliminary Investigation of Viral Pathogen Causing Foetal Abortion in Donkeys at Ethiopia." Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia 14, no. 3 (September 25, 2017): 1063–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2542.
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ABSTRACT: Rabbit kidney (RK13) cells infected with virus isolated from a homogenate made from the placenta of aborted foetal donkeys were stained with Leishman’s stain, morphological changes including cytopathic effects (CPE), syncytia, and inclusion bodies were seen by light microscopy after incubation for 24hrs-96hrs at 370C. After 48hrs of incubation, about 60% of cells were infected. Another Set of RK 13 cells infected with either native virus or both ether treated virus and native virus in the presence of acyclovir was stained with Giemsa, morphology changes were observed in the native virus infected cell while little or no change was seen in infected cells in the presence of acyclovir and ether treated virus respectively. Virus infected RK13 cells were stained with acridine orange, intracellular fluorescent green colour was seen by fluorescence microscopy in the cell nucleus. The clinical history and CPE of the virus in RK13 cell are similar to Equine Herpes virus.
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Lengkey, Hendronoto Arnoldus W., Roostita Lobo Balia, Jan Alex Siwi, Bogdan A. Tasbac, and Iulian Togoe. "Isolation and Identification of Lactobacillus Bacteria from Culled Hens Meat for Meat Biopreservator." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 6 (November 26, 2017): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i6.1072.
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Using chemical bio-preservatives is being frowned at because of their probable adverse effects on the health of consumers. Isolation and identification of microorganisms from natural resources are an occurring process that have most powerful means for obtaining cultures and also have commercial purposes. The aim of this study was to get bio-preservatives from poultry meat, by isolation and then identification of lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria do not pose any health risks to human, and are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) organisms. The lactobacillus were isolated from raw poultry meat by appropriate dilutions with NaCl fisiological, and the decimal dilution were mixed with MRS medium and then incubated at 370C for 48-72 h. Pure cultures were maintained in MRS broth agar at 40C for short term use. Thirty well-isolated colonies were picked up and transferred to MRS broth. Selection of strains was made in agreement with morphology, Gram-stain, viability during storage at 40C and antimicrobial activity, was found twenty isolate. The identification of the cultures was based on the characteristics of the lactobacilli as described in Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, fermentation of different carbon sources, gas production from glucose, growth at different temperatures. For anti-biogram, the isolates were inoculated into MRS broth individually and incubated for 24h. The plates were incubated at 37oC overnight. Resistance was defined as the absence of a growth inhibition zone around the discs. Results indicated that 20 isolate of Lactic acid bacteria were identified: 3 isolates of Lactobacillus fermentum, 2 isolates of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei, 5 isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum, 3 isolates of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, 2 isolates of Lactobacillus lactis ssp. lactis 1, and 5 isolates of Lactobacillus lactis ssp. lactis 2. Characterization of the microbial metabolic product for antimicrobial agents reveals that lactic acid bacteria has responsibility for the inhibition of the indicator organisms, and can be used as meat biopreservator. Keywords: isolation, identification, lactobacillus, poultry meat, biopreservator.
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Chasanah, Ekowati, Yusro Nuri Fawzya, Asri Pratitis, and Tati Nurhayati. "Penapisan Bakteri Penghasil Enzim Kitosanase Yang Berasosiasi Dengan Spons Laut." Jurnal Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan 2, no. 2 (December 19, 2007): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jpbkp.v2i2.460.
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Informasi pasar dunia menunjukkan bahwa 50% keperluan dunia akan produk turunan kitin, digunakan untuk produk suplemen kesehatan. Untuk menunjang proses produksi kitosan yang bersifat ramah lingkungan dan aman untuk konsumsi manusia, maka enzim pendegradasi kitin/ kitosan sangat berperan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bakteri penghasil enzim pendegradasi kitosan dari spons. Spons dipilih karena biota laut tersebut dikenal kaya akan senyawa bioaktif dan sebagian besar masa tubuhnya didominasi oleh bakteri. Dari 24 spons, telah berhasil diisolasi 86 isolat bakteri dan 22 di antaranya menghasilkan enzim pendegradasi kitin, termasuk di antaranya enzim kitosanase. Berdasarkan pada nilai indeks kitinolitik (IK) dan waktu produksi enzim, isolat KBJ 12 SB telah dipilih sebagai isolat penghasil kitosanase. lsolat tersebut menghasilkan enzim kitosanase maksimal pada hari ke‑5, dengan aktivitas enzim sebesar 0,797 U/mg. Enzim kitosanase yang dihasilkan bekerja optimal pada suhu 60 0C dan pH 8. Enzim stabil pada suhu 370C dengan sisa aktivitas > 50% ketika diinkubasi selama 90 menit. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa bakteri KBJ 12 SB memiliki sifat mirip dengan jenis Bacillus sp.
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Damayanti, Sri Suci, Oom Komala, and E. Mulyati Effendi. "IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI DARI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR ISI RUMEN SAPI." EKOLOGIA 18, no. 2 (January 3, 2020): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/ekol.v18i2.1627.
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Waste treatment technology is not less important for the business of Slaughterhouse (RPH). Various businesses and technologies have been done to handle this waste problem, especially for the rumen waste in RPH. One of them is utilizing the waste as an organic fertilizer. Bovine rumen bacteria are bacteria that originate from the contents of bovine rumen, with simple and inexpensive development techniques. This bacterium helps farmers in improving and developing an insightful agriculture on the preservation of soil fertility and natural resources. The study aims to identify bacteria and find out the diversity, properties, and characteristics of bacteria from the liquid organic content of rumen cows. Methods undertaken by observing colony morphology, colony selection and purification, Gram staining, spores staining, and biochemical testing. Of the four isolates identified there are two bacterial genus, three isolates RS1a, RS2a, RS2b including the genus Bacillus sp. aerobic and an isolates of RS1b including the genus Lactobacillus sp. the facultative of anaerobic. The four isolates of bacteria are able to grow optimum at pH 6.5 and the temperature of 370C is homofermentative.
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Orlova, Maria, Lukas Perfler, Dmitriy Michailov, Albina Orlova, Sergei Khainakov, Santiago García-Granda, Christoph Langes, Ralf Tappert, and Volker Kahlenberg. "Low temperature phase transition and structure of CsMgPO4." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314099318.
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CsMgPO4 doped in radioisotopes is a promising compound for usage as a radioactive medical source. However, a low temperature phase transition at the temperatures close to ambient conditions (-370C) was observed. Information about structural changes is important in order to understand whether it can cause any problem for medical use of this compound. Structural changes have been investigated in detail using synchrotron powder diffraction methods, Raman spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The structure undergoes transformation from orthorhombic modification, sp. gr. Pnma (RT phase) to monoclinic modification, sp.gr P21/n (LT phase). New LT modification adopts similar to RT but slightly distorted unit cell: a=9.58199(2)Å, b=8.95501(1) Å, c=5.50344(2)Å, β=90.68583(1)0, V=472.198(3) Å3. The framework is made up of alternating magnesia and phosphate tetrahedra sharing vertices with caesium counter cations located in the channels formed. Upon the transformation a combined rotation of PO4 and MgO4 tetrahedral takes place. A comparison with other phase transition in ABW-type framework class compounds is given.
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Singh, N. K., D. K. Verma, A. K. Upadhyay, and U. N. Rai. "Isolation and Characterization of Arsenic Tolerant Bacteria Collected from Arsenic Contaminated Site of West Bengal, India." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 5, no. 01 (January 1, 2019): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v5i01.10.
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In the present study, arsenic tolerant bacteria were isolated and characterized from rhizospheric soil of rice plant growing in the arsenic contaminated area of West Bengal, India. Among 31 bacterial isolates, nine isolates were showed tolerance at higher concentration of arsenate (As V; 20000 mg mL-1). Selected arsenic tolerance bacterial isolates were characterized based on biochemical analysis, partial 16S rDNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results revealed that selected arsenic tolerant bacterial strains were lavished at 370C and neutral pH 7 and showed a positive response for catalase and oxidase enzymes. Using partial 16S rDNA based identification and phylogenetic analysis, selected bacterial isolates were identified as Jeotgalicoccus nanhaiensis, Alcaligenes faecalis, Paenalcaligenes sp., Providencia sp., Kocuria sp. and Pseudomonas stutzeri. Further, the isolated As tolerant bacterial strains may be tested for their possible utilization in arsenic mobilization in the rhizosphere for enhancing phytoremediation potential to remediate arsenic from contaminated sites. However, efficient arsenic accumulator strain like Pseudomonas stutzeri can be employed as bioresource to develop low-cost bioremediation technology for arsenic removal.
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Pratiwi, Anggraeni Dara, Endro Yulianto, and Abd Kholiq. "Infant Incubator Berbasis Proportional Integral dan Derivative (PID) Dilengkapi Dengan Mode Kanguru." Jurnal Teknokes 12, no. 1 (September 19, 2019): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/teknokes.v12i1.6.
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Infant Incubator merupakan salah satu peralatan elektromedik yang digunakan untuk memberikan perawataan kepada bayi baru lahir berat rendah dengan cara memberikan suhu ruang yang stabil dan pemantauan suhu tubuh bayi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sistem kontrol suhu ruang Infant Incubator sehingga didapatkan hasil suhu yang stabil. Penelitian dan pembuatan alat menggunakan sensor thermistor untuk suhu kulit bayi dan sensor LM35 untuk suhu ruang Infant Incubator dengan sistem kontrol PID yang dilakukan dengan metode trial and error sampai mendapatkan respon suhu yang optimal pada konstanta proportional (Kp) sebesar 57, konstanta integrator (Ki) sebesar 8 dan konstanta differential (Kd) sebesar 3.2. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran yang dilakukan dengan INCU Analyzer didapatkan rata – rata error terbesar pada pengaturan suhu 350C sebesar 0.689% dan rata – rata error terkecil pada pengaturan suhu 370C sebesar 0.139%. Pada pengukuran suhu skin terdapat rata – rata pengukuran sebesar 35 0C dengan error sebesar 0.12% terhadap alat pembandingnya. Infant Incubator memiliki kestabilan suhu yang optimal dan pemantauan suhu tubuh bayi yang bermanfaat agar bayi tidak mengalami hipotermi maupun hipertermi.
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Dewita, Novia Ratna, and Harmadi Harmadi. "Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Viskositas Darah Berbasis Metode Falling Ball Viscometer Small Tube Menggunakan Transmisi Ethernet Shield." Jurnal Fisika Unand 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jfu.8.2.151-157.2019.
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Telah dirancang bangun alat ukur viskositas darah berbasis metode falling ball viscometer small tube menggunakan transmisi ethernet shield. Alat ini menggunakan tabung kaca dengan panjang 15 cm, dan karet bola hisap diletakkan di atas tabung yang berfungsi untuk menarik bola besi dengan diameternya 5 mm. Dua pasang sistem sensor yang terdiri dari sumber cahaya LED IR dan detektor cahaya fotodioda pada tabung dipasang sejajar. Ketika bola besi yang dijatuhkan dari karet bola hisap melewati sistem sensor pertama maka timer hidup, dan kemudian melewati sistem sensor kedua timer mati. waktu tempuh yang diperoleh dari sistem pertama dan kedua kemudian diolah oleh Arduino Uno dengan persamaan visikositas, dan ditampilkan pada LCD. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan dua variasi, yaitu variasi temperatur pada 300C, 370C,dan 430C dan variasi pencampuran EDTA 10% dengan jumlah EDTA 10 ml, 20 ml, dan 30 ml . Nilai regresi yang diperoleh pada variasi temperatur sebesar 0,8882 dan pada variasi pencampuran darah dengan larutan EDTA 10% sebesar 0,866. Nilai viskositas darah juga bisa dilihat di komputer dengan menggunakan Ethernet shield.Kata kunci: falling ball viscometer, small tube, viskositas
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Taribuka, Nety, Siti Rochmaedah, and Irma Silawane. "Gambaran Pengetahuan Dan Penatalaksanaan Ibu Dalam Menangani Hipertermi Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Perawatan Haria Kecamatan Saparua Kabupaten Maluku Tengah Tahun 2020." GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE (GHS) 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/ghs5309.
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Hipertermi merupakan peningkatan suhu tubuh melebihi titik tetap (set poin) lebih dari 370C. Ketika anak demam, Ibu harus memiliki sikap yang tepat untuk menangani dan memberi perawatan, sehingga dapat mengatasi komplikasi demam yang tidak diatasi dengan benar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan dan penatalaksanaan Ibu dalam menangani Hipertermi pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Perawatan Hila Kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif, cara pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling dengan jumlah 44 sampel. Hasil Penelitian diperoleh tingkat pengetahuan responden terbanyak adalah cukup dengan jumlah 26 orang (59,1%), pengetahuan baik sebanyak 9 responden (20,5%) sedangkan yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang juga sebanyak 9 orang (20,5%). Untuk penatalaksanaan diperoleh pemberian paracetamol 40 responden (90,9%), Pemberian kompres 26 responden (59,1%), Pemberian air putih/Asi sebanyak 30 responden (68,2%), dibawa ke pusat pelayanan kesehatan sebanyak 44 responden, mengenakan pakaian tipis 29 responden (65,9%), dan pemberian obat tradisional 22 responden (50,0%). Kesimpulan Gambaran pengetahuan Ibu dan penatalaksanaan dalam kategori cukup baik
Kata kunci: pengetahuan; penatalaksanaan; hipertermi
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Brandl, Elisabeth, Karine Abadie, Markus Wimplinger, Juergen Burggraf, Thomas Uhrmann, Julian Bravin, Frank Fournel, and Pierre Montmeat. "Critical Process Parameters And Failure Analysis For Temporary Bonded Wafer Stacks." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2016, DPC (January 1, 2016): 001255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2016dpc-wp14.
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Temporary bonding is a ley process for almost any 3D integration scheme. It offers not only more stability during the thinning process but also allows handling for backside processing of thin wafers like interposers during subsequent process steps [1–2]. Although the temporary bonding technology is already used in high volume manufacturing and has proven high yield process, nevertheless, some limitation appears for some specific applications [3-4-5]. One critical failure origin is delamination, which can lead to wafer breakage and therefore yield loss. This separation of the device wafer and the carrier wafer typically occurs when the temporary bonded wafer stack (device wafer, carrier wafer and temporary bonding adhesive in between) experiences further processing done under high temperature and low vacuum like PECVD deposition. Further insight into processing parameters and a better understanding of the key contributing factors as well as its dependencies help to prevent this failure. To investigate the root cause of the delamination, thermoplastic materials, which are widely used for temporary bonding and debonding applications have been used as temporary bonding adhesives in this work. Different process parameters were investigated individually but also in combination to find the origin of the delamination. These parameters include post thinning annealing temperature, which was varied up to 370C, vacuum level, thermal gradient, bow and warp and intrinsic stress of the thin device wafer. After evaluation of the main parameters affecting the delamination appearance, two extreme cases were experimented in order to check the hypothesis. The first one exhibits delaminations even using a very soft processing conditions for a temporary bonding integration and the second case is able to withstand extreme processing conditions like high temperature up to 370C under vacuum of about 1mbar without delamination appearance. In addition, during this work, the mechanical coupling existing between the carrier and the device wafer thanks to the adhesive has been investigated. Here, a thermoplastic material was used in a temporary bonded structures using wafers with different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE). During thermal treatment, this CTE difference induce important internal stress bow of the wafer stack. The temperature dependence of the mechanical coupling is monitored during the annealing. A mechanical decoupling between the two wafers occurs when above the polymer glass transition temperature. As a result, the rheology of the thermoplastic layer is found as a contributor to the delamination mechanism. Critical combinations of process parameters in temporary bonding process are then clearly identified and will be presented in this work.
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BATELY, JANET. "Reviews." Notes and Queries 44, no. 3 (September 1, 1997): 370—c—371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/44-3-370c.
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Nisah, Khairun. "UJI TOKSISITAS DARI PENYALUT LAYAK MAKAN BERBASIS PATI SAGU (Metroxylon sagu)." BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/biotik.v5i1.2976.
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A sago starch- based (Metroxylon sagu) edible coating with sago powder as a filler and glycerol as a plasticizer has been made.This research is expected to provide information about microbial sensitivity towards the sago starch- based edible coating which is eco-friendly and safe to be used. Requirements to determine food quality refers to the role of E.coli as a toxicity indicator to cause food damage. Toxicity testing of E. coli toward sago starch-based coating was conducted by using Kirby Bauer method. A standardized agar-disc paper diffusion procedure is one way to to determine antibiotic resistancy of bacteria. Bacterial resistancy toward antibiotics is determined by the diameter of inhibit zone formed. Microorganisms cultures requires media that contain nutrients and appropriate environment such as Nutrient Agar (NA). Based on E. coli toxicity testing conducted to the sago starch-based edible coating in 370C temperature and 48 hours of incubation, it is found that the edible coated has not anticeptic activity toward Escherichia coli because the inhibit zone is not formed on the sago starch- based coating. Therefore, the edible coating which has been made is healthy to be consumed.
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Garga, M. A., U. M. Garasin, M. Abdullahi, B. A. Muhammed, A. Yakubu, M. Idris, R. Agyo-Likita, M. A. Mamuda, D. Ibrahim, and L. M. Hamza. "ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF MANGIFERA INDICA ETHANOL AND AQUEOUS LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 12 (January 8, 2021): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i12.2020.2676.
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The aim of this research is to investigate the antibacterial activity and identify the phytochemical constituents of Mangifera indica leafs on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus using disc diffusion method. The sample was collected fresh from the premises of Bioresources Development Center (BIODEC), Katsina, Katsina State and was dried and pounded into powder. The powdered leaves were extracted using ethanol and aqueous solvents. Various concentrations ranging from 500mg to 62.5mg were prepared. Test isolates were obtained from the Microbiology laboratory, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University Katsina (UMYUK) and were further authenticated using Gram staining and biochemical test. The bacterial inoculums were standardized to McFarland scale 0.5. Zones of inhibition were read after 24 hours at 370C. The results of the antibacterial study revealed that the ethanolic leaves extracts at 500mg/ml had effect on P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with zones of inhibition of 12mm and 6mm respectively. The results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids and phenols where only alkaloids was found to be absent in the aqueous extract. There is no significant difference between the solvents and various concentrations used base on t-test data analysis.
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Vasconcellos, Deborah Vidal, Karina Lani Silva, Eric Delfraro de Paula Castro, Arthur Coelho Moellman, Maria do Socorro Pombo-de-Oliveira, and Raquel Ciuvalschi Maia. "Anti-Tumour Effect of Zoledronate in Cells from B Chronic Lymphoytic Leukemia and Low-Grade Lymphoma Patients." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 4830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4830.4830.
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Abstract Recent studies demonstrate that bisphosphonates - anti-resorptive drugs - have direct anti-tumour effect in many tumour cell lines, including hematopoietic ones. The aim of this study was to evaluate the apoptotic effect of Zoledronate in cells from B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and low-grade lymphoma (LGL) patients. Samples of 19 B-CLL or LGL patients were incubated with Zoledronate 100 μM in RPMI medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum 10% at 370C for 12h. Apoptosis using Annexin V assay, by flow cytometry (FC), was observed in 8 out of 19 (42,1%) patients despite previous treatment. Multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype was performed using rhodamine-123 efflux assay by FC. Our results demonstrate that Zoledronate 100 m M can induce apoptosis in B malignant lymphocytes despite previous treatment and MDR phenotype. So, patients previously treated with distinct therapeutic agents or not can potentially benefit from the anti-tumour effect of Zoledronate. This is the first work demonstrating the anti-tumour effect of Zoledronate in newly obtained cells from patients with B-CLL and LGL. These results in association with evidences from recent studies suggest that Zoledronate may have an important and complementary role in hematological malignant diseases.
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Garga, M. A., U. M. Garasin, M. Abdullahi, B. A. Muhammed, A. Yakubu, M. Idris, R. Agyo-Likita, M. A. Mamuda, D. Ibrahim, and L. M. Hamza. "ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF MANGIFERA INDICA ETHANOL AND AQUEOUS LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 12 (January 8, 2021): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i12.2020.2676.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research is to investigate the antibacterial activity and identify the phytochemical constituents of Mangifera indica leafs on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus using disc diffusion method. The sample was collected fresh from the premises of Bioresources Development Center (BIODEC), Katsina, Katsina State and was dried and pounded into powder. The powdered leaves were extracted using ethanol and aqueous solvents. Various concentrations ranging from 500mg to 62.5mg were prepared. Test isolates were obtained from the Microbiology laboratory, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University Katsina (UMYUK) and were further authenticated using Gram staining and biochemical test. The bacterial inoculums were standardized to McFarland scale 0.5. Zones of inhibition were read after 24 hours at 370C. The results of the antibacterial study revealed that the ethanolic leaves extracts at 500mg/ml had effect on P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with zones of inhibition of 12mm and 6mm respectively. The results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids and phenols where only alkaloids was found to be absent in the aqueous extract. There is no significant difference between the solvents and various concentrations used base on t-test data analysis.
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Oktoviani, Oktoviani, R. Pertiwi, D. Notriawan, B. A. N. Putri, and Y. D. Karlina. "AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN NANGKA KUNING (VINCETOXICUM VILLOSUM (BLUME) KUNTZE) TERHADAP BAKTERI ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS DAN PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA." JURNAL MEDIA KESEHATAN 14, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33088/jmk.v14i1.631.
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Daun nangka kuning (Vincetoxicum villosum Blume) banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai obat tradisional namun penelitian mengenai daun nangka kuning masih sangat terbatas sehingga memiliki potensi besar untuk pengembangan obat herbal. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua bakteri yang mewakili kelompok gram positif dan gram negatif. Dari golongan gram positif, digunakan salah satu bakteri tersering yang dapat menyebakan penyakit yaitu bakteri Enterococcus faecalis. Kemudian dari golongan gram negatif digunakan Pseudomonas aeruginosa yang merupakan penyebab paling umum dari infeksi oportunistik pada pasien rawat inap. Untuk menguji daya aktivitas antibakteri pada ekstrak etanol, bakteri dibagi menjadi 8 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol positif dengan pemberian kloramfenikol, kelompok kontrol negatif dengan pemberian pelarut Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) 10% dan 6 kelompok perlakuan dengan menggunakan ekstrak etanol konsentrasi 12,5%; 15%; 17,5%; 20%; 22,5%; 25%. Kultur bakteri dilakukan dengan menggunakan media dan dinkubasi selama 24 jam dengan suhu 370C. Bakteri Enterococcus Faecalis menggunakan media Trypticase Soy Both (TSB) dan bakteri Pseudomonas Aeruginosa menggunakan media Trypticase Soy Agar (TSA). Penghambatan optimal untuk bakteri Enterococcus faecalis adalah pada ekstrak etanol Vincetoxicum Villosum Blume konsentrasi 25% dan untuk bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa adalah pada ekstrak etanol Vincetoxicum Villosum Blume konsentrasi 15%.
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Widiyastuti, Gita, and Martina Restuati. "PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN BUASBUAS (Premna pubescens Blume) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus SECARA IN VITRO." JURNAL BIOSAINS 3, no. 1 (March 15, 2017): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jbio.v3i1.7374.
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Buasbuas (Premna pubescens Blume) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan obat di Indonesia. Tumbuhan ini diketahui mengandung flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Staphylococcus aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri yang dapat menyebabkan keracunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak daun buasbuas dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan untuk mendapatkan data konsentrasi eksrak daun buasbuas yeng menghasilkan zona hambat terbesar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kesehatan Medan dengan menggunakan metode sumuran. Daun buasbuas yang telah menjadi ekstrak etanol, diencerkan menggunakan aquadest dengan konsentrasi 0%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% dan diteteskan ke dalam media MSA (Mannitol Salt Agar) yang telah diinokulasi bakteri serta diberi lubang sumuran. Setelah itu diinkubasi selama 1 24 jam dengan suhu 370C. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak daun buasbuas dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda-beda dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Varians Non Faktorial (ANAVA) menunjukkan bahwa nilai Fhitung (337,54) Ftabel 0,05 (2,77), maupun Ftabel 0,01 (4,25). Dengan konsentrasi maksimum ekstrak yang lebih efektif menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus adalah 90% dengan rata-rata zona hambat 11 mm. Kata kunci: Premna pubescens Blume, Staphylococcus aureus, Zona Hambat, Sumuran
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Anita, Anita, Nurul Ni’ma Azis, and Eka Safitri. "Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Sawo Manila Terhadap Pertumbuhan Salmonella thypi." Lontara 1, no. 1 (June 5, 2020): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.53861/lontarariset.v1i1.50.
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Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) is a plant that is traditionally used to treat several types of diseases, one of which is typhoid fever. Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) is safe for consumption because it does not have harmful effects on the human body. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of extracts to inhibit the growth of Salmonella thypi. Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) was extracted with 70% ethanol using maceration method. This type of research is experimental laboratory. Antibacterial activity test was carried out using the diffusion method to be layered n the Muller Hilton Agar (MHA) medium and an incubation period of 24 hours at 370C. The test results showed that sawo manila at a concentration of 50% showed the presence of inhibition zones with a diameter of I: 4 mm, II: 5 mm, III: 6 mm and at a concentration of 100% also showed the presence of inhibition zones with a diameter of I: 11 mm, II: 13 mm, III: 12 mm. From the results of the study showed Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) can effectively inhibit Salmonella thypi so that it can be used as an alternative treatment.
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Prasad, C. V., K. M. Sudhan Rao, B. Mallikarjuna, M. C. S. Subha, and K. Chowdoji Rao. "Synthesis and Characterization of SA-g-MAA Co-Polymer: Effect of Grafting and Process Variables on Controlled Release of an Anti-Bacterial Drug." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.387.
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Methacrylic acid (MAA) was grafted onto sodium alginate (SA) by thermal heating at ambient temperature (70±2OC) using potassium persulphate as an initiator (PPS). SA-g-MAA and pure sodium alginate beads were prepared and were characterized using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction techniques (X-Rd). The resultant products (SA-g-MAA) were used to prepare Glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinked beads of various formulations by varying, monomer, cross-linker (GA) and drug content (CFHCl) in the graft co-polymer. Preparation conditions of the beads were optimized by considering the percentage entrapment efficiency, swelling capacity and release profiles. Release profile of CFHCl was discussed at 370C in a gastrointestinal atmosphere (pH -7.4 and acidic medium pH-1.2). It was observed that, CFHCl release from the beads increased with increasing MAA content over the entire studied range. As GA and CFHCl content increases, swelling ratio decreases resulting in decrease in the drug release rate. The highest CFHCl release was obtained to be 99% for the beads containing 40% monomer, 0.5mL GA and 10% CFHCl at pH-7.4. It was also observed that the release profiles have effect on pH and hence the graft co-polymeric beads can be used as pH sensitive drug devices.
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Petrus, Alexandra, Corina Ratiu, Lavinia Noveanu, Rodica Lighezan, Mariana Rosca, Danina Muntean, and Oana Duicu. "Assessment of Mitochondrial Respiration in Human Platelets." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 4 (May 15, 2017): 768–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.4.5549.
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It has been long recognized that the impairment of platelet mitochondrial function occurs in a broad spectrum of diseases. Accordingly, the assessment of platelet respiratory dys/function has emerged as a putative approach allowing the characterization of the early impairment of human bioenergetic profile in several chronic pathologies. The aim of this study was to standardize the methodology for platelet isolation from peripheral blood and the measurement of mitochondrial oxygen consumption by means of high-resolution respirometry, respectively. The platelet isolation protocol consisted of two consecutive centrifugations of the whole blood collected from adult healthy females (n = 10) yielding a platelet-rich plasma sample. Respiration was measured at 370C using the Oxygraph-2k (Oroboros Instruments, Austria) according to a classic substrate-uncoupler-inhibitor-titration protocol. Platelets permeabilized with digitonin were allowed to respire in the presence of complex I (glutamate and malate) and complex II (succinate) substrates. We obtained a respiratory control ratio of 2.77 � 3.65 that indicates an accurate coupling efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation. The in vitro measurement of platelet respiration is a reliable method to evaluate the bioenergetic profile in humans. The standardized technique will be further used to assess the occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction in peripheral blood in the setting of various chronic non-communicable diseases.
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Le, Nguyen Thi My, and Nguyen Van Hieu. "USE OF WHEY PROTEIN FOR ENCAPSULATION AND CONTROLLED RELEASE OF PROBIOTIC FROM PROTEIN MICROENCAPSULE IN EX VIVO PORCINE GASTROINTESTINAL CONTENTS." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 56, no. 2 (April 12, 2018): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/56/2/9850.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of whey protein isolate (WPI) as an encapsulation matrix for improvement of L. fermentum 39-183 viability to low pH and bile and releasing the encapsulated bacteria in ex vivo porcine gastrointestinal (GI) contents. 1g of protein microcapsules (≈ 108 CFU of L. fermentum 39-183 or E. coli GFP+) were incubated in ex vivo porcine GI contents (9 mL) under anaerobic conditions at 370C. Results showed that there was higher than 86% cell survival for encapsulated L. fermentum 39-183 after 3 h incubation in pH 2.0, whereas free cell experienced complete viability loss. Encapsulated L. fermentum 39-183 showed only about 0.86 log reduction for all bile salt levels tested (0.5 ÷ 2.0%), while 3.34 log decrease of free cell after 6 h of incubation. There was almost a complete release (3.9 x 108 CFU) of microencapsulated bacteria in the ileal contents within 2 h, while there was no significant release of encapsulated bacteria in the gastric contents even after 8 h of incubation. This study led to the development and design of a protein capsulation for reinforced probiotic protection during the stressful conditions of gastric and controlled release at a defined location.
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Zulkarnaini, Zulkarnaini, Reri Afrianita, and Ilham Hagi Putra. "Aplikasi Proses Anammox Dalam Penyisihan Nitrogen Menggunakan Reaktor Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket." Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 21, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jtl.v21i1.3725.
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ABSTRACTAnammox process is a more practical alternative in biological nitrogen removal compared to conventional nitrification-denitrification processes. This process conducted at the optimum temperature of 370C. Indonesia, as a tropical country, has the potential for the application of anammox processes to remove nitrogen in wastewater. The purpose of this study was to analyze the efficiency of nitrogen removal in the anammox process using the Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor at ambient temperature with variations in the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 hours and 12 hours, at the laboratory scale. Samples are measured twice a week using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. As a seeding sludge for start-up, the reactor was inoculated with granular anammox bacteria genus Candidatus Brocadia. At the stable operation, the ratio of ΔNO2--N:ΔNH4+-N and ΔNO3--N:ΔNH4+-N approach the stoichiometry of the anammox process were 1.20 and 0.21, respectively. The performance of nitrogen removal with 24-hour HRT obtained a maximum nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of 0.113 kg-N/m3.d with nitrogen loading rate (NLR) 0.14 kg-N/m3.d, and at 12-hour HRT, maximum NRR of 0.196 kg-N/m3.d with NLR 0,28 kg-N/m3.d. Ammonium Conversion Efficiency (ACE) and Nitrogen Removal Efficiency (NRE) maximum for HRT 24 hours were 82% and 77%, respectively while HRT 12 hours were 72% and 68%, respectively. The anammox process operated stably in the tropical temperature with a temperature range of 23-280C on a laboratory scale using the UASB reactor.Keywords: anammox, nitrogen, temperature, tropical, uasb.ABSTRAKProses anammox menjadi alternatif yang lebih efektif dalam penyisihan nitrogen secara biologi dibandingkan dengan proses konvensional nitrifikasi-denitrifikasi. Proses ini berlangsung optimum pada suhu 370C. Indonesia sebagai negara tropis memiliki potensi untuk aplikasi proses anammox untuk menghilangkan nitrogen pada air limbah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efesiensi penyisihan nitrogen pada proses anammox menggunakan Up-Flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reaktor pada suhu ambien dengan variasi Waktu Tinggal Hidrolik (WTH) 24 jam dan 12 jam, pada skala laboratorium. Sampel diukur dua kali setiap minggu menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Sebagai seeding sludge (lumpur biakan) untuk start-up (memulai) reaktor digunakan bakteri anammox genus Candidatus Brocadia berbentuk granular. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran, didapatkan nilai rasio ΔNO2--N:ΔNH4+-N dan ΔNO3--N:ΔNH4+-N mendekati stoikiometri proses anammox yaitu 1,20 dan 0,21. Kinerja penyisihan nitrogen dengan WTH 24 jam didapatkan nilai tingkat penyisihan nitrogen (TPyN ) maksimum 0,113 kg-N/m3.h pada tingkat pemuatan nitrogen (TPN) 0,14 kg-N/m3.h, dan WTH 12 jam nilai TPyN maksimum 0,196 kg-N/m3.h pada TPN 0,28 kg-N/m3.h. Nilai efisiensi konversi amonia (EKA) dan efisiensi penyisihan nitrogen (EPN) maksimum pada WTH 24 jam berturut-turut adalah 82% dan 77%, sedangkan pada WTH 12 jam berturut-turut adalah 72% dan 68%. Penelitian membuktikan bahwa proses anammox dapat berlangsung stabil pada daerah tropis dengan suhu terukur 21-290C pada skala laboratorium menggunakan UASB reaktor. Kata kunci: Anammox, nitrogen, temperatur, tropis, uasb.