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Journal articles on the topic '3D computer models'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Navratil, G., P. Konturek, and I. Giannopoulos. "INTERACTING WITH 3D MODELS – 3D-CAD VS. HOLOGRAPHIC MODELS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences VI-4/W1-2020 (September 3, 2020): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-vi-4-w1-2020-129-2020.

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Abstract. A problem with 3D models is that devices used to display them are typically two-dimensional, i.e., computer monitors or printed maps. User interfaces of computer software are based on mouse, touchscreen, keyboards, etc. and are optimized for this dimensionality. However, this causes problems when working with 3D models and the user must adapt her actions by interpreting the missing third dimension. While this might not necessarily pose a problem for frequent users, infrequent users may find this quite challenging. Holographic models, on the other hand, float in front of the user, providing a 3D perspective. Interaction with this kind of models may thus be more intuitive than traditional interaction. In the paper we present the results from a first user test. 15 participants tested interaction with a holographic model visualized using Augmented Reality (AR) technology. The results were compared to those of 15 participants using a traditional 3D-CAD. It was found that the holographic approach is more intuitive leading to a lower frustration level although it is still restricted by technical limitations.

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2

Gao, Xin Rui, De Qing Zhao, and Ping Ping Yao. "The 3D Computer Game Design Using Java 3D." Advanced Engineering Forum 6-7 (September 2012): 1041–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.6-7.1041.

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In this thesis, the two 3D computer games were designed by Java 3D. In the first game, by using 3DMax, one aircraft carrier, one helicopter, submarines, warships, and destroyer escorts etc were designed. By using Loader3DS of MicrocrowLoader in Loader3DS1_2.jar or ModelLoader of Java 3D, these 3D models are loaded into the Java 3D. The second 3D game displays the 3D fighting and collision of tanks. This function is very important for the 3D game design. By using textures, the different appearances of 3D models were designed. By using Java 3D classes such as Alpha and PositionPathInterpolator and Sounds etc, the motions of 3D models and interactions and the sounds were defined.

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Zimina, L. V. "3D MODELING: APPLICATION, APPROACHES TO 3D MODELS DESCRIPTION, METHODS OF 3D COMPUTER ANIMATION." Education and Science without Limits: Fundamental and Applied Researches, no. 12 (2020): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.36683/2500-249x/2020-12/65-71.

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4

Bojcetic, Nenad, Filip Valjak, Dragan Zezelj, and Tomislav Martinec. "Automatized Evaluation of Students’ CAD Models." Education Sciences 11, no. 4 (March 24, 2021): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11040145.

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The article describes an attempt to address the automatized evaluation of student three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) models. The driving idea was conceptualized under the restraints of the COVID pandemic, driven by the problem of evaluating a large number of student 3D CAD models. The described computer solution can be implemented using any CAD computer application that supports customization. Test cases showed that the proposed solution was valid and could be used to evaluate many students’ 3D CAD models. The computer solution can also be used to help students to better understand how to create a 3D CAD model, thereby complying with the requirements of particular teachers.

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5

Chaouch, Mohamed, and Anne Verroust-Blondet. "Alignment of 3D models." Graphical Models 71, no. 2 (March 2009): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gmod.2008.12.006.

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6

Gouvatsos, Alexandros, Zhidong Xiao, Neil Marsden, and Jian J. Zhang. "Posing 3D Models from Drawings." Computers in Entertainment 15, no. 2 (April 4, 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2729984.

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7

Pollefeys, Marc, and Luc Van Gool. "From images to 3D models." Communications of the ACM 45, no. 7 (July 2002): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/514236.514263.

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8

Sousa, Mario Costa, and John W. Buchanan. "Computer-Generated Graphite Pencil Rendering of 3D Polygonal Models." Computer Graphics Forum 18, no. 3 (September 1999): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.00340.

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9

Curless, Brian. "From range scans to 3D models." ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics 33, no. 4 (November 4, 1999): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/345370.345399.

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10

Smith, MacKenzie. "Curating Architectural 3D CAD Models." International Journal of Digital Curation 4, no. 1 (June 29, 2009): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v4i1.81.

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Increasing demand to manage and preserve 3-dimensional models for a variety of physical phenomena (e.g., building and engineering designs, computer games, or scientific visualizations) is creating new challenges for digital archives. Preserving 3D models requires identifying technical formats for the models that can be maintained over time, and the available formats offer different advantages and disadvantages depending on the intended future uses of the models. Additionally, the metadata required to manage 3D models is not yet standardized, and getting intellectual proposal rights for digital models is uncharted territory. The FACADE Project at MIT is investigating these challenges in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry and has developed recommendations and systems to support digital archives in dealing with digital 3D models and related data. These results can also be generalized to other domains doing 3D modeling.

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Ponchio, F., M. Callieri, M. Dellepiane, and R. Scopigno. "Effective Annotations Over 3D Models." Computer Graphics Forum 39, no. 1 (May 15, 2019): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13664.

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12

Wu, Q., K. Xu, and J. Wang. "Constructing 3D CSG Models from 3D Raw Point Clouds." Computer Graphics Forum 37, no. 5 (August 2018): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13504.

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13

Wu, Wen Li, Wei He, Bin Feng, and Shi Chen. "Study on Technology of Triangular Polyhedron 3D Human-Computer Interaction Modeling." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 2721–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.2721.

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To simulate arbitrary three dimensional models, this technology of triangular polyhedron 3D human-computer interaction modeling was proposed. Achieving the technology has following three steps. Firstly, the coordinates of 3D nodes were projected onto the plane by the method of 3D geometric transformation. Then, this information which was made up of triangles and sides and nodes was picked up by 3D picking methods. Finally, the technique of rubber membrane was used to modify the nodes of triangles, and the 3D modification was achieved by means of anti-transformation. Moreover, the method of global and local mesh encryption was also designed to modify 3D topology structure, which was aimed at better simulate complex 3D models. This technology combined geophysical forwarding compute and formed the method of data-interaction simulation, which provided a means of visualization for geophysical data interpretation.

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14

Marjanović, Jelena, Slavenka Petrak, Maja Mahnić Naglić, and Martinia Ira Glogar. "Design and Computer Construction of Structural Sleeve Forms for Women’s Clothing." Textile & leather review 2, no. 4 (December 6, 2019): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31881/tlr.2019.29.

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The paper presents the research of the development process of a unique women’s clothing collection with complex, structural sleeve forms. Using the 2D/3D CAD systems for computer clothing design, 15 models of women’s clothing with structural sleeve forms were constructed and modeled. Textile patterns were also computer-designed, as a preparation for digital printing on cutting parts of a particular clothing models. The computer clothing design included all the segments of the computer 3D prototype development, with the purpose of investigating the possibilities of modeling and 3D simulations of complex sleeve structures, which in the real manufacturing process require additional fixation of cutting parts. The influence of 3D simulation parameters, in correlation with the applied physical and mechanical properties of textile material, was investigated in order to achieve complex 3D forms of simulated clothing models. Color and textile patterns variations of computer-designed 3D models were developed with the purpose of achieving a realistic visualization of the designed clothing collection. Original prototypes were made for two selected models from the collection, with computer-designed textile patterns applied on a model using digital printing technology.

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Guo, Jianwei, Dong-Ming Yan, Er Li, Weiming Dong, Peter Wonka, and Xiaopeng Zhang. "Illustrating the disassembly of 3D models." Computers & Graphics 37, no. 6 (October 2013): 574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2013.05.020.

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16

Liang, Jianming, Jianhua Gong, Xiuping Xie, and Jun Sun. "Solar3D: An Open-Source Tool for Estimating Solar Radiation in Urban Environments." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9090524.

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Solar3D is an open-source software application designed to interactively calculate solar irradiation on three-dimensional (3D) surfaces in a virtual environment constructed with combinations of 3D-city models, digital elevation models (DEMs), digital surface models (DSMs) and feature layers. The GRASS GIS r.sun solar radiation model computes solar irradiation based on two-dimensional (2D) raster maps for a given day, latitude, surface and atmospheric conditions. With the increasing availability of 3D-city models and demand for solar energy, there is an urgent need for better tools to computes solar radiation directly with 3D-city models. Solar3D extends the GRASS GIS r.sun model from 2D to 3D by feeding the model with input, including surface slope, aspect and time-resolved shading, which is derived directly from the 3D scene using computer graphics techniques. To summarize, Solar3D offers several new features that—as a whole—distinguish this novel approach from existing 3D solar irradiation tools in the following ways. (1) Solar3D can consume massive heterogeneous 3D-city models, including massive 3D-city models such as oblique airborne photogrammetry-based 3D-city models (OAP3Ds or integrated meshes); (2) Solar3D can perform near real-time pointwise calculation for duration from daily to annual; (3) Solar3D can integrate and interactively explore large-scale heterogeneous geospatial data; (4) Solar3D can calculate solar irradiation at arbitrary surface positions including on rooftops, facades and the ground.

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17

Cignoni, Paolo, and Roberto Scopigno. "Sampled 3D models for CH applications." Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 1, no. 1 (June 2008): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1367080.1367082.

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18

Akıllı, Mustafa. "Attributes of 3D Computer Models for Learning the Structure of Atom by Undergraduate Science Teacher’s Students." European Journal of Educational Sciences 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/ejes.v8.no2a85.

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This paper focuses on examining the effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) computer models on student teachers’ academic achievement, mental model construction, and spatial ability used in learning the “atomic models” topic in this study. The students were randomly assigned into two groups: the treatment group (TG) where 3D computer models were used and the control group (CG) where models were not used for teaching. The treatment group was instructed using 3D computer models, while the traditional learning process was adopted in the control group. With the help of SPSS software, the independent-groups t-test and one way MANOVA were performed between the control and treatment groups. Cohen’s d and eta-squared values were calculated for the effects of the computer models. Through this study, it was seen that the instruction using 3D computer models contributed to students' achievement, mental model construction, and spatial ability more than the traditional instructional process.

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19

Gao, Xin Rui. "Research of Efficiency of Computer 3D Animation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 421 (September 2013): 672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.421.672.

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3D animation is an application of computer graphics. The factors that affect the efficiency of 3D animation include animation algorithms, 3D models, materials and textures, rendering, and LOD (level of detail). This thesis discusses these technologies separately. By using these technologies properly, we could reduce the complexity of algorithms and the overall data quantity and then enhance the efficiency of 3D animation.

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20

Kang, Yuna, Hyungki Kim, Hiromasa Suzuki, and Soonhung Han. "Editing 3D models on smart devices." Computer-Aided Design 59 (February 2015): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2013.08.001.

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21

Perens, Gregory, Justin Chyu, Kevin McHenry, Takegawa Yoshida, and J. Paul Finn. "Three-Dimensional Congenital Heart Models Created With Free Software and a Desktop Printer: Assessment of Accuracy, Technical Aspects, and Clinical Use." World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery 11, no. 6 (November 2020): 797–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150135120952072.

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Background: Three-dimensional printing is increasingly recognized as a valuable tool for congenital heart disease (CHD) procedural planning and education. Cost and complexity currently limit the more widespread adoption of this technology. We sought to demonstrate the accuracy of 3D printed CHD models created from contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans using free software and an inexpensive desktop fused filament fabrication (FFF) printer. Methods: Solid segmentations of the intracardiac blood pool were created with the program ITK-SNAP. Using the computer program Meshmixer, the segmentation model was hollowed to create a 0.8 mm shell with the inner surface representing endocardium. Three-dimensional models were created on an FFF printer. Four arteries and a ventricular septal defect (VSD) were 3D printed and measured for accuracy. Five models were used to assess candidacy for biventricular surgical repair and one to guide an interventional catheterization. Results: All six patients underwent intervention planned with the 3D models. The computer model shell walls all achieved specifications within 0.05 mm of the designated 0.8 mm thickness and the original solid blood pool segmentation fit within the hollowed 3D model. The 3D printed arteries and VSD all measured accurately to within 0.5 mm of their source computer model. Conclusion: Accurate 3D printed models of complex, pediatric CHD may be created from volumetric MRI and CT studies using free online software and printed on an inexpensive desktop printer.

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22

Dooley, Debra, and Michael F. Cohen. "Automatic illustration of 3D geometric models: lines." ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics 24, no. 2 (March 1990): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/91394.91422.

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23

Wiak, Sławomir, Anna Firych‐Nowacka, and Krzysztof Smółka. "Computer models of 3D magnetic microfibres used in textile actuators." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 29, no. 5 (September 14, 2010): 1159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321641011061380.

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24

Markova, Kremena Tsankova, Tihomir Atanasov Dovramadjiev, and Ginka Velikova Jecheva. "Computer parametric designing in Blender software for creating 3D paper models." ANNUAL JOURNAL OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF VARNA, BULGARIA 1, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29114/ajtuv.vol1.iss1.44.

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In the contemporary conditions, the implementation of computer parametric design to facilitate the design of 3D paper models is successfully realized using modern technological tools such as the free software Blender. Through the convenient interface of the program, the modeling of the desired three-dimensional shapes is greatly facilitated. This also applies to the automated process of constructing a drawing of the resulting polygonal 3D models, which in the future are assembled into three-dimensional paper models. This paper describes in detail the process of fine-designing 3D paper models using specific exemplary primitive, text, and with relatively complex form.

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Wei, Yu Qing, Xing Gao, and Jing Hua Gao. "Virtools Based Development of Computer Experiment." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 2887–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.2887.

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Virtools is a set of integrated 2D graphic images, 3D models, audio, video, and so a variety of file formats, interactive software itself has a wealth of interactive behavior module, 3D games can be created, virtual experiments simulation objects very strong interaction with the display and other three-dimensional product. This paper presents a virtual experiment based on 3D and Virtools technology, which is built with 3D experiments scenes, making 3D animation; with Virtools data processing, interactive control. The experiments show that this method has the authenticity, interactivity, simple and easy to implement features.

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26

Chaudhuri, Siddhartha, Daniel Ritchie, Jiajun Wu, Kai Xu, and Hao Zhang. "Learning Generative Models of 3D Structures." Computer Graphics Forum 39, no. 2 (May 2020): 643–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14020.

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27

Sousa, Mario Costa, Kevin Foster, Brian Wyvill, and Faramarz Samavati. "Precise Ink Drawing of 3D Models." Computer Graphics Forum 22, no. 3 (September 2003): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8659.00684.

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28

Maggiordomo, Andrea, Paolo Cignoni, and Marco Tarini. "Texture Defragmentation for Photo‐Reconstructed 3D Models." Computer Graphics Forum 40, no. 2 (May 2021): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.142615.

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29

Vanhoey, Kenneth, Basile Sauvage, Pierre Kraemer, and Guillaume Lavoué. "Visual Quality Assessment of 3D Models." ACM Transactions on Applied Perception 15, no. 1 (November 8, 2017): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3129505.

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30

Masuda, Hiroshi, and Kenta Ogawa. "Interactive Deformation of 3D Mesh Models." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 5, no. 1-4 (January 2008): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3722/cadaps.2008.47-57.

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31

Turganbayeva, A. R., and F. K. Bolysbekova. "COMPUTER MODELING USING THE AUTODESK 3D STUDIO MAX EDITOR." BULLETIN Series of Physics & Mathematical Sciences 69, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-1.1728-7901.81.

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This article describes in detail the capabilities of the Autodesk 3D Studio Max editor, which allows secondary school students to master three-dimensional computer modeling. To do this, we selected and studied modeling methods that allow us to create models of various complexity. The article provides modules and operators that can create part models and create real-world effects, create relationships between parts, and combine parts with each other and other objects. We studied the well-known visualization tools for working with three-dimensional graphics Autodesk 3D Studio Max. As a result of the experiment, it was proved that this platform is popular due to a wide range of features that facilitate the creation of complex 3D objects and scenes. It turned out that the Autodesk FBX cross-platform was designed to create 3D data and share it. It provides access to 3D models created in most third-party systems. Conclusions were made that it is available for high school students to master.

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32

Zhao, Junli, Cuiting Liu, Zhongke Wu, Fuqing Duan, Minqi Zhang, Kang Wang, and Taorui Jia. "3D Facial Similarity Measure Based on Geodesic Network and Curvatures." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/832837.

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Automated 3D facial similarity measure is a challenging and valuable research topic in anthropology and computer graphics. It is widely used in various fields, such as criminal investigation, kinship confirmation, and face recognition. This paper proposes a 3D facial similarity measure method based on a combination of geodesic and curvature features. Firstly, a geodesic network is generated for each face with geodesics and iso-geodesics determined and these network points are adopted as the correspondence across face models. Then, four metrics associated with curvatures, that is, the mean curvature, Gaussian curvature, shape index, and curvedness, are computed for each network point by using a weighted average of its neighborhood points. Finally, correlation coefficients according to these metrics are computed, respectively, as the similarity measures between two 3D face models. Experiments of different persons’ 3D facial models and different 3D facial models of the same person are implemented and compared with a subjective face similarity study. The results show that the geodesic network plays an important role in 3D facial similarity measure. The similarity measure defined by shape index is consistent with human’s subjective evaluation basically, and it can measure the 3D face similarity more objectively than the other indices.

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Remondino, Fabio, Alessandro Rizzi, Stefano Girardi, Fabio Massimo Petti, and Marco Avanzini. "3D Ichnology-recovering digital 3D models of dinosaur footprints." Photogrammetric Record 25, no. 131 (September 15, 2010): 266–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-9730.2010.00587.x.

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BERNARDINI, FAUSTO, CHANDRAJIT L. BAJAJ, JINDONG CHEN, and DANIEL R. SCHIKORE. "AUTOMATIC RECONSTRUCTION OF 3D CAD MODELS FROM DIGITAL SCANS." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 09, no. 04n05 (August 1999): 327–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195999000236.

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We present an approach for the reconstruction and approximation of 3D CAD models from an unorganized collection of points. Applications include rapid reverse engineering of existing objects for use in a virtual prototyping environment, including computer aided design and manufacturing. Our reconstruction approach is flexible enough to permit interpolation of both smooth surfaces and sharp features, while placing few restrictions on the geometry or topology of the object. Our algorithm is based on alpha-shapes to compute an initial triangle mesh approximating the surface of the object. A mesh reduction technique is applied to the dense triangle mesh to build a simplified approximation, while retaining important topological and geometric characteristics of the model. The reduced mesh is interpolated with piecewise algebraic surface patches which approximate the original points. The process is fully automatic, and the reconstruction is guaranteed to be homeomorphic and error bounded with respect to the original model when certain sampling requirements are satisfied. The resulting model is suitable for typical CAD modeling and analysis applications.

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35

Dovramadjiev, Tihomir. "Principles of Three-Dimensional Computer Design for Understanding Impossible Figures." International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences 5, no. 2 (April 15, 2020): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21791/ijems.2020.2.21.

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For a better understanding of the impossible figures, it is advisable to use modern technological means by which the design of the geometry of the models gives a complete understanding of how they are made. Computer-aided 3D design completely solves this problem. That is, on the one hand, the ultimate visual variant of impossible figures is created, on the other hand, there is the possibility for real manipulation, movement, rotation and other models of space. In this study, 3D models of impossible figures are fully constructed, which are applied in the educational process in order to develop logical thinking. The steps of creating 3D geometry using open source software Blender 3D are described in details.

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Campagna, Swen, Leif Kobbelt, and Hans-Peter Seidel. "Enhancing digital documents by including 3D-models." Computers & Graphics 22, no. 6 (December 1998): 655–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0097-8493(98)00086-7.

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Mendez, E., G. Schall, S. Havemann, D. Fellner, D. Schmalstieg, and S. Junghanns. "Generating Semantic 3D Models of Underground Infrastructure." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 28, no. 3 (May 2008): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2008.53.

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Shan, Xin, Yong Zhao, Ling Li, Qinghua Guo, and Junyu Dong. "An Interactive Colorization Algorithm for 3D Models." Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics 31, no. 6 (2019): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1089.2019.17392.

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39

Kasik, D. J., J. J. Troy, S. R. Amorosi, M. O. Murray, and S. N. Swamy. "Evaluating graphics displays for complex 3D models." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 22, no. 3 (May 2002): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2002.999788.

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40

Su, Zhiyong, Weiqing Li, Jianshou Kong, Yuewei Dai, and Weiqing Tang. "Watermarking 3D CAPD models for topology verification." Computer-Aided Design 45, no. 7 (July 2013): 1042–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2013.04.001.

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41

Ma, Jaehwan, and Sunghee Choi. "Kinematic skeleton extraction from 3D articulated models." Computer-Aided Design 46 (January 2014): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2013.08.036.

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42

Fu, Qian, Fei Hou, Qian Sun, Shi-Qing Xin, Yong-Jin Liu, Wencheng Wang, Hong Qin, and Ying He. "Decorating 3D models with Poisson vector graphics." Computer-Aided Design 102 (September 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2018.04.019.

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43

Xu, Jianfei, S. M. AbouRizk, and Cam Fraser. "Integrated three-dimensional computer-aided design and discrete-event simulation models." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 449–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l02-110.

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Three-dimensional computer-aided design (3D-CAD) systems that integrate critical path method (CPM) algorithms, commonly referred to as four-dimensional computer-aided design (4D-CAD), have received a high level of interest over the past few years due to the insight they offer into constructability and feasibility analysis. This paper outlines an approach that facilitates this modeling method through integration between a commercial 3D-CAD software package and a discrete-event simulation tool. This approach employs a product-based modeling method that integrates simulation models with CAD drawings to provide real-time analysis and improved model accuracy in modeling construction operations. By integrating with 3D-CAD drawings, the models require much less data entry and provide a much higher degree of accuracy. Additionally, during the course of a project, resource and time consumption data can be collected and used to continually update the model, minimizing the use of assumptions and generalized data. This paper provides a short background and literature review to contextualize the problem statement, describes the product atomic component (PAC) used to integrate 3D-CAD and the simulation model, outlines some of the implementation issues in a simulation context, and presents a prototype system with an example application for an earthmoving project.Key words: 4D-CAD, CPM, product atomic component, simulation modeling, integration, earthmoving.

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44

Siegel, Christine S. "Creating 3D models from medical images using AVS." ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics 29, no. 2 (May 1995): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/204362.204377.

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45

Yang, Yang, Xiao-Ming Fu, Shuangming Chai, Shi-Wei Xiao, and Ligang Liu. "Volume-Enhanced Compatible Remeshing of 3D Models." IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 25, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 2999–3010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvcg.2018.2861396.

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Abu-Abed, Fares. "Development of Three-Dimensional Models of Mining Industry Objects." E3S Web of Conferences 278 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127801002.

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Visualization of objects using computer programs can greatly facilitate the external presentation of projects of coal industry enterprises. Modern computer graphics make it possible to embody very realistic models, and since the creation of 3D objects takes less time than their implementation. 3D technologies allow you to present the model from all angles and eliminate the shortcomings identified in the process of its creation. Successfully implemented tasks in this work include: creation of a 3D model of the selected RoadHeader; importing the developed model into the Unity 3D game engine; create and customize animations for the above harvester model inside Unity. The 3D model created in this work for visual display of the equipment used in the development of coal deposits in the mining industry contributes to the improvement of the process of training specialists and work planning when training personnel to work with drilling equipment at the training stage. The presented development can serve as a visual representation in the study of the principles of mining machines, as well as in the creation of 3D objects and scenes for the tutorial “Virtual mine”.

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Dadi, Gabriel B., Timothy R. B. Taylor, Paul M. Goodrum, and William F. Maloney. "Performance of 3D computers and 3D printed models as a fundamental means for spatial engineering information visualization." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 41, no. 10 (October 2014): 869–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2014-0019.

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Engineering information delivery can be a source of inefficient communication of design, leading to construction rework and lower worker morale. Due to errors, omissions, and misinterpretations, there remains a great opportunity to improve the traditional documentation of engineering information that craft professionals use to complete their work. Historically, physical three dimensional (3D) models built by hand provided 3D physical representations of the project to assist in sequencing, visualization, and planning of critical construction activities. This practice has greatly diminished since the adoption of 3D computer-aided design (CAD) and building information modeling technologies. Recently, additive manufacturing (a.k.a. 3D printing) technologies have allowed for three dimensional printing of 3D CAD models. A cognitive experiment was established to measure the effectiveness of 2D drawings, a 3D computer model, and a 3D printed model in delivering engineering information to an end-user are scientifically measured. The 3D printed model outperformed the 2D drawings and 3D computer interface in productivity measures. This paper’s primary contribution to the body of knowledge is identification of how different mediums of engineering information influence the performance of a simple task execution.

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Samim, Mohammad. "3D MRI Models of the Musculoskeletal System." Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 25, no. 03 (June 2021): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1730912.

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AbstractComputed tomography (CT) is most commonly used to produce three-dimensional (3D) models for evaluating bone and joint morphology in clinical practice. However, 3D models created from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data can be equally effective for comprehensive and accurate assessment of osseous and soft tissue structure morphology and pathology. The quality of 3D MRI models has steadily increased over time, with growing potential to replace 3D CT models in various musculoskeletal (MSK) applications. In practice, a single MRI examination for two-dimensional and 3D assessments can increase the value of MRI and simplify the pre- and postoperative imaging work-up. Multiple studies have shown excellent performance of 3D MRI models in shoulder injuries, in the hip in the setting of femoroacetabular impingement, and in the knee for the creation of bone surface models. Therefore, the utility of 3D MRI postprocessed models is expected to continue to rise and broaden in applications. Computer-based and artificial intelligence–assisted postprocessing techniques have tremendous potential to improve the efficiency of 3D model creation, opening many research avenues to validate the applicability of 3D MRI and establish 3D-specific quantitative assessment criteria. We provide a practice-focused overview of 3D MRI acquisition strategies, postprocessing techniques for 3D model creation, MSK applications of 3D MRI models, and an illustration of cases from our daily clinical practice.

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Drignei, Dorin. "Fast Statistical Surrogates for Dynamical 3D Computer Models of Brain Tumors." Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 17, no. 4 (December 2008): 844–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/106186008x384816.

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Peters, P., F. Langlotz, and L. P. Nolte. "Computer assisted screw insertion into real 3D rapid prototyping pelvis models." Clinical Biomechanics 17, no. 5 (June 2002): 376–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0268-0033(02)00028-1.

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