Relevant bibliographies by topics / 3D cutting head

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic '3D cutting head'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "3D cutting head"

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Cheluszka, Piotr, and Rajmund Mann. "Vibration identification of the roadheader cutting head using high-speed cameras." MATEC Web of Conferences 252 (2019): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925203018.

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Vibrations of the roadheader cutting head were measured by means of two methods during the cutting performed on the test set-up created at the Faculty of Mining and Geology at the Silesian University of Technology. The first of them included installing accelerometers on the roadheader boom near the cutting heads. In the second one, a photogrammetric kit was used, major components of which were high-speed cameras connected with TEMA Motion 3D software used for movement analysis. Based on the motion recorded in videos, the cutting head movement trajectories were delineated, with their velocity and acceleration determined. This article presents a photogrammetric method, as well as selected results of the comparative analysis of cutting head vibrations using both methods when cutting simultaneously with two cutting heads, with the boom inclination perpendicular to the floor.
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Liu, Xunan, Changqing Du, and Mingxi Liu. "Research on spiral angle optimization for longitudinal road header's cutting head." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 234, no. 17 (April 4, 2020): 3346–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406220915491.

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The cutting head is the key component of a road header in tunnel excavation, where the concept of the spiral angle design directly affects the comprehensive performance, which includes cutting resistance, fluctuation coefficient, specific energy consumption, cutting head stress distribution, and so on. Based on the theory of rock-breaking by pick, the mechanical model of pick was established, and the three-dimensional force vector in the WORKBENCH coordinate system was determined. The 3D model of the proposed cutting head was designed using PRO/E and the static simulation was carried out using WORKBENCH, while the stress information of key parts was obtained. Furthermore, a four-dimensional fitting method was used to investigate the influence of the horizontal swing speed, rotational speed, and spiral angle of the cutting head, on the stress of the cutting head assembly. By setting the horizontal swing speed, rotational speed and the spiral angle as design variables and the specific energy consumption, total cutting resistance, fluctuation coefficient, power consumption, and stress on cutting head assembly as the objective function; the multiobjective optimization function of the cutting head was established. By using genetic algorithm, the complex problem has been solved. The solution of this optimization function provides the horizontal swing speed, rotational speed, and spiral angle values, where the optimal performance is achieved, in the aspect of energy consumption, cutting resistance, fluctuation coefficient, cutting power, and cutting motor power. This method provides solid guidance and is a great reference in spiral angle design and optimization.
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Gallego, Maria de los Angeles De la Red, Jose Couceiro Otero, Marta De Prado Tovar, Higinio Ayala Gutierrez, and Manuel Ruben Sanchez Crespo. "Unusual Forearm Deformity Solved by 3D Custom Made Guides." Journal of Hand Surgery (Asian-Pacific Volume) 24, no. 04 (November 5, 2019): 483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424835519720184.

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We report a case of a symptomatic forearm deformity due to a premature distal ulnar fracture solved by 3D custom made cutting guides. Our patient is a sixteen years old girl referred to us due to a forearm deformity and a dysplasic ulnar head associated to pain at the dorsum of the distal ulna and at the radial head at the elbow. Using custom-made cutting guides on a 3D model, a both bone forearm osteotomy was performed. At 18 months of follow up, the range of motion did not improve significantly but our patient referred no pain and she was satisfied with the procedure. The accuracy of single cut osteotomies, utilizing three-dimensional planning and custom patient guides has been previously established. This technique helped with the pain in our case.
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Durna, Antonin, Jiri Fries, Leopold Hrabovsky, Ales Sliva, and Jozef Zarnovsky. "Research and Development of Laser Engraving and Material Cutting Machine from 3D Printer." Management Systems in Production Engineering 28, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mspe-2020-0008.

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AbstractThis article deals with the adjustment of a 3D printer for laser engraving and material cutting. The print head can be fitted with a solid laser diode module, which achieves a compact size while retaining its useful power. Two paths lead to the use of such a concept. It is possible to equip the existing print head with a module, which also brings a number of disadvantages such as, for example, the reduction of the printing space or the need for a suitable mounting design. A more elegant solution is to consider this in the design of a 3D printer and design a system to exchange the print heads for 3D printing and laser engraving. Such a solution allows full utilization of the workspace and simple installation of the effector for the required type of work. According to the installed power of the laser diode, it is possible not only to engrave but also cut material such as thin wood, veneer or acrylic glass. The use of such a machine is not only for graphic elements but for the creation of various stencils, boxes or simple models, which can be made up of plastic-burning pieces. The laser module is controlled by a driver, which is designed for the device. This is connected to a 3D printer control board. It is, therefore, necessary for the control board to have at least two pins, which can be controlled after adjusting the control firmware. Most laser modules are normally equipped with an adjustable lens, which is used to concentrate the focus of a laser for the given distance against the worktop. Thus, the modified 3D printer can perform its function as a multi-purpose CNC machine, while a basic platform similar for both devices is used.
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Xu, Hebing, Jun Hu, and Wencai Wu. "Optimization of 3D laser cutting head orientation based on the minimum energy consumption." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 74, no. 9-12 (June 28, 2014): 1283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-014-6080-4.

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Luo, You Xin, Heng Shu Li, and Hui Jun Wen. "Research on Rotary Power Head of Rock Driller with Higher-Order Elliptic Profile Movable Tooth Transmission." Advanced Materials Research 179-180 (January 2011): 841–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.179-180.841.

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Rotary power head is a key component of the cutting drill. After researching the current situation of the rotary power head, this paper proposed a new device called higher-order elliptic profile movable tooth transmission, and applied this device to the cutting drill, then designed a new rotary power head based on this device. The moving parts in a higher-order elliptic profile movable tooth transmission are self-balancing, such as the input shaft and the output one. The transmission can achieve the random difference of the teeth. A rotary power head of a drill with this transmission has many advantages, such as convenient disassembly or loading, large transmission torque, small radial size and the suitability for heavy loads. Finally, 3D model based on Solidworks2010 was established in this paper.
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Ji, Yu Jie, and Ming Wan. "3D Model of the Picks Configuration on the Cutting Head Based on Phyllotaxis Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 711 (December 2014): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.711.70.

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In the millions of years plants continue to develop and evolve for the competition of survice, the macroscopic and microscopic structure and morphology of plants may seem simple, but its specific functions, is man-made design unmatched. By observing the distribution of plant leaves, bionic design of the picks on cutting head based on phyllotaxis theory and establish its 3D model ,which fills its gap in the field of bionic design.
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Luo, You Xin, Heng Shu Li, and Hui Jun Wen. "Research on Rotary Power Head of Drill with Higher-Order Elliptic Profile End Surface Movable Tooth Transmission." Advanced Materials Research 179-180 (January 2011): 846–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.179-180.846.

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A rotary power head is a key component of the cutting drill. In this paper, first, we researched the current situation of the rotary power head; Second, we proposed a new retard device called higher-order elliptic end surface movable tooth transmission, and then designed a new rotary power head based on this device. The moving parts in the transmission such as input and output shafts are self-balancing, so the transmission can achieve the random tooth difference. A rotary power head of a drill with this transmission has many advantages, such as convenient disassembly or loading, large transmission torque, small radial size and the suitability for heavy loads. Finally, 3D model based on Solidworks2010 was established.
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Liu, Hui Qiang, Yi Sheng Zhang, and Pei Xing Liu. "Process Optimization of 3D Optical Fiber Laser Cutting Robot for Press Hardening of UHSS." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 2033–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.2033.

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The hot forming parts of high strength steel are difficult to cut with the presses and the traditional high-energy beam due to its high tensile strength which can be up to 1500Mpa and its complex structure. And the 3D laser cutting is an effective way to solve the problem. However some problems in the laser process affect the efficiency and quality seriously, including interference between the robot arms and the cutting head with the untrimmed parts, difficulty in determining the entry point and over burning etc. In this research three measures are taken to cut the anti-collision beam, including using photogrammetric technology to get its uncutted 3D model for offline programming to avoid interference, selecting appropriate entry point to trim without interrupt, amending normals and adjusting the process parameters at corners to prevent over burning. The results show that the efficiency and quality are improved and a creative new offline programming method is put forward.
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Cheluszka, Piotr, and Amadeus Jagieła-Zając. "The Use of a Stereovision System in Shape Detection of the Side Surface of the Body of the Mining Machine Working Unit." New Trends in Production Engineering 3, no. 1 (August 1, 2020): 251–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2020-0021.

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AbstractEnsuring the compliance of the finished product with the project during the manufacturing of cutting heads/drums of the mining machines, largely determines the efficiency of rock mining, especially hard-to-cut rocks. The manufacturing process of these crucial elements of cutting machines is being robotized in order to ensure high accuracy and repeatability. This determines, among others the need to assess in real-time the degree of the approach of pick holders positioned by the industrial robot to the side surface of the working unit of the cutting machine in their target position. This problem is particularly important when in the manufacturing process are used the bodies of decommissioned cutting heads/drums, from which old pick holders have been removed. The shape and external dimensions of these hulls, unless they are subjected to regeneration, may differ quite significantly from the nominal ones. The publication, on the example of a road header cutting head, presents the procedure for automatically identifying and indexing markers displayed on its side surface, recorded on measuring photos by two digital cameras of a 3D vision system. Experimental research of the developed method was carried out using the KUKA VisionTech vision system installed on the test stand in the robotics laboratory of the Department of Mining Mechanization and Robotization at the Faculty of Mining, Safety Engineering and Industrial Automation of the Silesian University of Technology. Data processing was carried out in the Matlab environment using the libraries of the Image Processing Toolbox. The functions provided in this library were used in the developed algorithm, implemented in the software. This algorithm allows automatic identification of markers located in the images of the side surface of the cutting head. This is the basis for determining their location in space. The publication presents a method of segmenting images recorded by cameras into homogeneous areas. The method of separating interesting areas from the image by comparison to the pattern was presented. Also shown is the method of the automatic numbering of mutually matching pairs of markers on photos from two cameras included in the vision system depending on the spatial orientation of the marker grid in the measuring images.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "3D cutting head"

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Kučera, Michal. "3D vodní paprsek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231503.

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This master thesis deals with the use and technological capabilities of abrasive water jet in the application of 3D cutting head. One part of this thesis is the description of waterjet technology and its other applications. The experimental comparison of the effect of the parameters was carried out for different materials Mach 4 equipment Flow International Corporation in company AWAC, spol. s.r.o. and subsequently the workpieces were subjected to evaluation of the shape and dimensional accuracy.
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Book chapters on the topic "3D cutting head"

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He, Y., C. J. Li, and J. H. Zhou. "Research on 3D Groove for Cutting Heat Distribution of Coated Carbide Milling Inserts." In Proceedings of the 36th International MATADOR Conference, 209–12. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84996-432-6_48.

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Shunmugavel, Manikandakumar, Ashwin Polishetty, Moshe Goldberg, Rajkumar Prasad Singh, and Guy Littlefair. "Tool Wear and Surface Integrity Analysis of Machined Heat Treated Selective Laser Melted Ti-6Al-4V." In 3D Printing, 228–40. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1677-4.ch012.

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In this study, the tool wear and surface integrity during machining of wrought and Selective Laser Melted (SLM) titanium alloy (after heat treatment) are studied. Face turning trails were carried out on both the materials at different cutting speeds of 60,120 and 180 m/min. Cutting tools and machined specimens collected are characterized using scanning electron microscope, surface profiler and optical microscope to study the tool wear, machined surface quality and machining induced microstructural alterations. It was found that high cutting speeds lead to rapid tool wear during machining of SLM Ti-6Al-4V materials. Rapid tool wear observed at high cutting speeds in machining SLM Ti-6Al-4V resulted in damaging the surface integrity by 1) Deposition of chip/work material on the machined surface giving rise to higher surface roughness and 2) Increasing the depth of plastic deformation on the machined sub surface.
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Conference papers on the topic "3D cutting head"

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Chen, Jimin, Xubao Wang, Canfu Yue, and Tiechuan Zuo. "The influence of laser head movement on 3D cutting." In Photonics Asia 2004, edited by ShuShen Deng, Akira Matsunawa, Y. Lawrence Yao, and Minlin Zhong. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.568956.

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Yi, Xianzhong. "A General Mathematical Model for Whirlwind Milling Technique Machining Complex 3D Surfaces." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/cie-14631.

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Abstract Machining complex three-dimensional surfaces high-productively and effectively is a challenging task. The whirlwind milling technique is a new milling model proposed in this paper based on 5-axis CNC bed-type horizontal milling machine. Its milling cutter head is similar to a shallow disk, and its cutting lip consists of about two dozens of standard turning-tool cutters. It is easy for this whirlwind milling cutter to avoid gouging and tool interference because of its very narrow cutter width and sharp cutter tooth tip. Moreover, the machining strategy of this new technique is able to align principal curvatures of the machined surfaces with that of cutter tool rotational symmetric surface to generate a close fit. So, it can increase the metal removal rate (MMR) at the point of contact and enhance the milling productivity. The essential characteristics of this technique such as its working mechanism, kinematic relationship, fundamental milling equation and cutter location data, are discussed in details. The new proposed method has been used in practical process of manufacturing complex 3D surfaces in petroleum industry.
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Beckwith, Caleb, Shaojin Zhang, Sven K. Esche, and Zhou Zhang. "Vision-Based SLAM Robot Spider: An Undergraduate Project of Advanced Robotics of Bachelor of Technology." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23220.

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Abstract Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) of robotics is a skill-oriented degree, and the students are usually not well-prepared both in theoretical knowledge and the opportunities to reach cutting-edge technologies. To overcome the above two difficulties, some challengeable projects are designed as the undergraduate projects of B.Tech of robotics. Among them, a SLAM robot spider is implemented. This project employed robotics vision, PID control, dynamics, kinematics, and additive manufacturing. Its structure is fabricated through additive manufacturing. The skeleton is composed of three main parts: six legs, torso, and head. Each leg has three joints which are driven by servo motors. The torso is used to mount the sensors, control modules, communication modules, and power source. The ‘NVIDIA Jetson Nano’ is used to control the motors, manage the communication interfaces, and process the sensing data. The ‘Intel RealSense depth camera’ and ’Intel RealSense tracking camera’ are used to futile the task of SLAM. The depth camera is used to acquire depth data to generate 3D point clouds. The tracking camera is an auxiliary reference to help to steer and to locate the position. Besides, an iPad tablet is used to provide a manual control option and render the scene in real-time.
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Acharya, Sunil, Rhushik Matroja, Mohammad Elyyan Elyyan, Henri De Charnace’, and Yi Zhang. "Novel Design Optimization for Additive Manufactured Components." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/30956-ms.

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Abstract In the last 10 years, Metal Additive Manufacturing (AM) has matured substantially [1,2]. The evolution of metal powder-bed AM now, facilitates production-quality parts to be manufactured. Additive manufacturing has specially attracted attention for its ability to manufacture parts with complex shapes that are cost-ineffective or impossible to manufacture with traditional technologies. For Oil and Gas industry, this ability to manufacture complex shapes offers unprecedented opportunity to redesign and optimize wide ranging components from cutting heads, heat exchangers [3], pumping and filtration equipment to drill motors, inline static-mixers and flanges. as well as advantages over traditional manufacturing techniques. The present work shows how optimization and simulation tools are valuable in rapid development of more efficient and light-weighted components that take advantage of the 3D printing process. Additive Manufacturing, while promising offers its own challenges related to process parameter optimization and part distortions. So, testing new paradigm-shifting design becomes time consuming and expensive trial and error process. Computational methods for optimization and physics simulation reduce the risk of testing new designs concepts and make the transition to new products efficient and inexpensive. Conventional design and design-optimization techniques typically do not apply for AM part design. The flexibility of AM in generating complex shapes implies a lesser number of components and implicit savings in assembly. Also, the possibility of latticed structures allows for reduced components through consolidation. The ability to incorporate these structures broadens the design criteria to achieve previously unforeseen possibilities. After arriving at the part design, the "print design" needs to be addressed. The AM process involves large thermal transients, phase change and non-linear material properties potentially leading to distortions and residual stresses in the finished component. Process simulation is valuable in estimating stresses generated in components, distortion, and adequacy of the support design. The presentation illustrates the simulation methodologies in design, multi-physics and process optimization for a drill-head geometry.
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Satyanarayana, Kosaraju, Anne Venu Gopal, and Popuri Bangaru Babu. "Finite Element Simulation of Cutting Forces in Turning Ti6Al4V Using DEFORM 3D." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62868.

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Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace industry due to their excellent mechanical properties though they are classified as difficult to machine materials. As the experimental tests are costly and time demanding, metal cutting modeling provides an alternative way for better understanding of machining processes under different cutting conditions. In the present work, a finite element modeling software, DEFORM 3D has been used to simulate the machining of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V to predict the cutting forces. Experiments were conducted on a precision lathe machine using Ti6Al4V as workpiece material and TiAlN coated inserts as cutting tool. L9 orthogonal array based on design of experiments was used to evaluate the effect of process parameters such as cutting speed and feed with a constant depth of cut 0.25 mm and also the tool geometry such as rake angle on cutting force and temperature. These results were then used for estimation of heat transfer coefficient and shear friction factor constant, which are used as boundary conditions in the process of simulation. Upon simulations a relative error of maximum 9.07% was observed when compared with experimental results. A methodology was adopted to standardize these constants for a given process by taking average values of shear friction factor and heat transfer coefficient, which are used for further simulations within the range of parameters used during experimentation. A maximum error of 9.94% was observed when these simulation results are compared with that of experimental results.
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Govea-Valladares, Eder H., Hugo I. Medellín-Castillo, Pedro J. García-Zugasti, and Pablo A. Limon-Leyva. "Haptic-Assisted Virtual Osteotomy As a Training Tool." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72211.

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The maxillofacial surgery is a complex surgical procedure to correct facial malformations located in the head of the patient. A precise and reliable surgical planning is necessary for a successful maxillofacial surgical procedure. The experience and clinical practice of surgeons play a very important role during the surgical procedures. Modern Computer Aided Systems (CAS) have been developed in order to speed up the surgical planning process and to increase the accuracy and reliability of the surgical procedure. However, CAS systems have not been focused on their ability to train and to provide experience and clinical practice to novice surgeons or medical student. In this way CAS systems could be a potential tool to improve the skill of surgeons in order to decrease human errors in the maxillofacial treatment and surgical procedures. This paper presents an investigation to evaluate the use of virtual reality and haptic systems as a training tool for maxillofacial surgeries, in particular osteotomies procedures. The aim is to evaluate the effect of virtual training on surgeon skills. Thus, a virtual osteotomy system has been developed and is presented. The system is based on an open source computer and programming resources, and makes use of haptic technologies to provide the users with the sense of touch. The virtual osteotomy procedures implemented are based on current surgical orthognathic surgery procedures. Free-form 3D manual cutting of bone is available in the system by means of the haptic device and the force feedback provided to the user, which increases the level of realism of the virtual procedure. The evaluation results show that the haptic-enabled virtual training of osteotomies increases the psychomotor skills of the practitioner, leading to an improved accuracy when carrying out the actual bone cut.
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Pervaiz, Salman, Ali Daneji, and Sathish Kannan. "3D Finite Element Assisted Numerical Simulation of Orbital Drilling Process of Ti6Al4V." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10973.

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Abstract Drilling is one of most executed manufacturing operations to assist the assembling of different engineering components. In orbital drilling process, a milling tool is rotating along its own axis in combination with the spiral rotational movement. The rotation of tool about its own axis is with high rotational speed, but the spiral movement of tool is at low rotational speed. These rotational movements generate a hollow geometry when moved in combination. Orbital drilling process is emerging as a viable drilling process when burr formation has to be reduced from the metallic workpiece. It is gaining more popularity in the aerospace industry due to its ability to machine holes in difficult to cut alloys, composites and composite stacks. Major advantages of orbital drilling are linked with efficient chip evacuation, reduction in heat build-up and low thrust forces due to its intermittent cutting nature. The cutting forces generated during the process can be taken as a significant output parameter that play a vital role towards the overall performance of the cutting process. Controlling the cutting forces under threshold value can improve the overall machining efficiency by limiting associated deflections, tool wear and energy consumption. The current paper aims to study the orbital drilling process using finite element (FE) assisted numerical methodology. The study will utilize different orbital drilling parameters such as spindle speed, orbit speed and axial feed rate, and explore their influence on the over all machining process.
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Kolluri, Aruna Prabha, Srinivasa Prasad Balla, and Satya Prasad Paruchuru. "Evaluation of Thermal Effects in Turning Processes: Numerical and Experimental Approach." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10423.

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Abstract The 3D Finite element method (FEM) is an efficient tool to predict the variables in the cutting process, which is otherwise challenging to obtain with the experimental methods alone. The present study combines both experimental findings and finite element simulation outcomes to investigate the effect of tool material on output process variables, such as vibrations, cutting temperature distribution and tool wear mechanism. Machining of popular aerospace materials like Ti-6Al-4V and Al7075 turned with coated and uncoated tools are part of the investigation. The authors choose the orthogonal test, measured vibrations and cutting temperatures and used FE simulations to carry out the subsequent validations. This study includes the influence of the predicted heat flux and temperature distribution on the tool wear mechanism. The main aim of this study is to investigate the performance quality of uncoated and coated carbide tools along with its thermal aspects. Comparison of experiment and simulation outcomes shows good agreement with a maximum error of 9.02%. It has been noted that the increase of cutting temperature is proportional to its cutting speed. As the cutting speed increases, it is observed that vibration parameter and flank wear value also increases. Overall, coated carbide turning insert tool is the best method for metal turning with higher rotational speeds of the spindle.
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Zhu, Lin, Tien-Chien Jen, Chen-Long Yin, Yi-Hsin Yen, Mei Zhu, and Jianhua Zhang. "Investigation of Heat Pipe Cooling in Drilling Applications: Part 2—Thermal, Structural Static, and Dynamic Analyses." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-10314.

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Drilling is a highly complex machining process coupled with thermo-mechanical effect. Both the rapid plastic deformation of the workpiece and the friction along the drill-chip interface can contribute to localized heating and increasing temperature in the workpiece and tool. The cutting temperature at the tool-chip interface plays an important role in determining the tool thermal wear. This in turn affects the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece and the tool life of drill. A new embedded heat pipe technology has been proven to be able to effectively not only remove the heat generated at the tool-chip interface in drilling, but also minimize pollution and contamination of the environment caused by cutting fluids. Less tool wear can then be achieved, thus prolonging the tool life. 3D Finite Element method using COSMOS/works is employed to study coupled effects of thermal, structural static and dynamic analyses in a drilling process to check the feasibility and effectiveness of the heat pipe drill. Four different cases, solid drill without coolant, solid drill with coolant, heat pipe drill, and heat pipe drill with coolant, are explored, respectively. The results from this study can be used to define geometric parameters for optimal designs.
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Dolan, E. B., T. J. Vaughan, G. L. Niebur, D. Tallon, and L. M. McNamara. "Understanding the Effects of Thermal Elevations Associated With Orthopedic Intervention: An Experimental and Computational Investigation." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14159.

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Specialized surgical cutting instruments are required to provide orthopedic surgeons with access to joints of the body, without causing extensive harm to native tissue, thus enhancing post-operative outcome. Orthopaedic intervention inevitably exposes bone tissue to elevated temperatures due to mechanical abrasion. Elevated temperatures lead to thermal necrosis and apoptosis of bone cells, surrounding soft tissue, bone marrow and stem cells crucial for postoperative healing (1–4). Thermally damaged bone tissue is subsequently resorbed and in severe cases replaced by connective tissue (2, 5) Bone thermal damage occurs when the local temperature exceeds a thermal threshold, largely recognised as ≥47°C (4, 6). Furthermore, it has been proposed that the area of bone to experience thermal damage is directly proportional to the duration of exposure to the heat source (7, 8). However, precise thermal elevations occurring throughout bone during surgical cutting are not well defined. It is also unclear whether temperatures generated in osteocytes in vivo are sufficient to induce cellular responses. Experimental analysis of temperature generation throughout bone is challenging due to its complex heterogeneous composition. There is a specific need for advanced 3D computational models that incorporate multi-scale variability in both bone tissue composition and thermal properties to predict how organ level thermal elevations are distributed throughout bone cells and tissue during orthopaedic cutting procedures.
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