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Journal articles on the topic '3D EBSD'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Zaefferer, S., and P. Konijnenberg. "Advanced analysis of 3D EBSD data obtained from FIB-EBSD tomography." Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, S2 (July 2012): 520–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192761200445x.

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2

Williams, REA, A. Genc, D. Huber, and HL Fraser. "Sample Surface Preparation For Traditional EBSD Collection and 3D EBSD Collection." Microscopy and Microanalysis 16, S2 (July 2010): 706–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927610062574.

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3

Walde, Caitlin, Roger Ristau, and Danielle Cote. "Automated 3D EBSD for metallic powders." MethodsX 5 (2018): 652–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2018.06.001.

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4

Khorashadizadeh, Anahita, Myrjam Winning, and Dierk Raabe. "3D Tomographic EBSD Measurements of Heavily Deformed Ultra Fine Grained Cu-0.17wt%Zr Obtained from ECAP." Materials Science Forum 584-586 (June 2008): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.434.

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Obtaining knowledge on the grain boundary topology in three dimensions is of great importance as it controls the mechanical properties of polycrystalline materials. In this study, the three dimensional texture and grain topology of as-deformed ultra fine grained Cu-0.17wt%Zr have been investigated using three-dimensional orientation microscopy (3D electron backscattering diffraction, EBSD) measurements in ultra fine grained Cu-0.17wt%Zr. Equal channel angular pressing was used to produce the ultra fine grained structure. The experiments were conducted using a dual-beam system for 3D-EBSD. The approach is realized by a combination of a focused ion beam (FIB) unit for serial sectioning with high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with EBSD. The work demonstrates that the new 3D EBSD-FIB technique provides a new level of microstructure information that cannot be achieved by conventional 2D-EBSD analysis.

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5

Ferry, Michael, Wan Qiang Xu, M. Zakaria Quadir, Nasima Afrin Zinnia, Kevin J. Laws, Nora Mateescu, Lalu Robin, et al. "3D-EBSD Studies of Deformation, Recrystallization and Phase Transformations." Materials Science Forum 715-716 (April 2012): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.715-716.41.

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A focused ion beam (FIB) coupled with high resolution electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has emerged as a useful tool for generating crystallographic information in reasonably large volumes of microstructure. In principle, data generation is reasonably straightforward whereby the FIB is used as a high precision serial sectioning device for generating consecutive milled surfaces suitable for mapping by EBSD. The successive EBSD maps generated by serial sectioning are combined using various post-processing methods to generate crystallographic volumes of the microstructure. This paper provides an overview of the use of 3D-EBSD in the study of various phenomena associated with thermomechanical processing of both crystalline and semi-crystalline alloys and includes investigations on the crystallographic nature of microbands, void formation at particles, phase redistribution during plastic forming, and nucleation of recrystallization within various regions of the deformation microstructure.

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6

Petrov, Roumen H., Orlando León García, J. J. L. Mulders, Ana Carmen C. Reis, Jin Ho Bae, Leo Kestens, and Yvan Houbaert. "Three Dimensional Microstructure–Microtexture Characterization of Pipeline Steel." Materials Science Forum 550 (July 2007): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.550.625.

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The microstructural anisotropy together with the crystallographic texture of an industrial grade of X70 pipeline steel is studied by means of the 3D-EBSD technique known also as EBS3 which was recently developed by FEI. Samples of size 8x10x3mm³ were cut from the middle thickness of an industrial rolled plate and after special sample preparation have been studied in a Nova 600 dual beam scanning electron microscope equipped with a field emission gun and HKL Channel 6 EBSD data collection software for crystallographic orientation, which allows multiple sectioning of the sample in automatic mode and, afterwards reconstruction of both the 3D microstructure and texture of the examined volume. Three scanned zones of different volumes that varied between 15x10x27 4m³ and 16x14x6 4m³ have been examined and the results for the crystallographic orientation, grain shape and grain shape orientation are discussed together with the data for the anisotropy of the Charpy impact toughness of the material.

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7

Osborn, William, Lawrence H. Friedman, and Mark Vaudin. "Strain Measurement of 3D Structured Nanodevices by EBSD." Microscopy and Microanalysis 23, S1 (July 2017): 1422–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927617007772.

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8

Osborn, William, Lawrence H. Friedman, and Mark Vaudin. "Strain measurement of 3D structured nanodevices by EBSD." Ultramicroscopy 184 (January 2018): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.08.009.

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9

Wang, Xueli, Yuan Xing, Huilan Huang, Yanjun Li, Zhihong Jia, and Qing Liu. "Growth Directions of Precipitates in the Al–Si–Mg–Hf Alloy Using Combined EBSD and FIB 3D-Reconstruction Techniques." Microscopy and Microanalysis 21, no. 3 (May 8, 2015): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927615000549.

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AbstractNanobelt-like precipitates in an Al–Si–Mg–Hf alloy were studied using electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and focused ion beam (FIB) scanning electron microscopy techniques. One grain of the Al matrix with a near [111] normal direction was identified by EBSD and the three-dimensional (3D) microstructure of nanobelt-like precipitates in this grain was studied using 3D-FIB. Ten growth directions of the nanobelt-like precipitates in the grain were identified.

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10

Váňa, Rostislav, Jiří Dluhoš, Lukáš Hladík, John Lindsay, and Jenny Goulden. "Novel Setup for High Performance Simultaneous 3D EBSD and 3D EDS Acquisition." Microscopy and Microanalysis 23, S1 (July 2017): 282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927617002094.

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11

Ferry, Michael, M. Zakaria Quadir, Nasima Afrin Zinnia, Lori Bassman, Cassandra George, Cullen Mcmahon, Wan Qiang Xu, and Kevin J. Laws. "The Application of 3D-EBSD for Investigating Texture Development in Metals and Alloys." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.469.

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A focused ion beam (FIB) coupled with high resolution electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has emerged as a useful tool for generating crystallographic information in reasonably large volumes of microstructure. In principle, data generation is reasonably straightforward whereby the FIB is used as a high precision serial sectioning device for generating consecutive milled surfaces suitable for mapping by EBSD. However, there are several challenges facing the technique including the need for accurate reconstruction of the EBSD slice data and the development of methods for representing the myriad microstructural features of interest including, for example, orientation gradients arising from plastic deformation through to the structure of grains and their interfaces in both single-phase and multi-phase materials. This paper provides an overview of the use of 3D-EBSD in the study of texture development in alloys during deformation and annealing and includes an update on current research on the crystallographic nature of microbands in some body centred and face centred cubic alloys and the nucleation and growth of grains in an extra low carbon steel.

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12

Farahani, Hussein, Gerrit Zijlstra, Maria Giuseppina Mecozzi, Václav Ocelík, Jeff Th M. De Hosson, and Sybrand van der Zwaag. "In Situ High-Temperature EBSD and 3D Phase Field Studies of the Austenite–Ferrite Transformation in a Medium Mn Steel." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, no. 3 (April 12, 2019): 639–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192761900031x.

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AbstractIn this research, in situ high-temperature electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) mapping is applied to record and analyze the migration of the α/γ interfaces during cyclic austenite–ferrite phase transformations in a medium manganese steel. The experimental study is supplemented with related 3D phase field (PF) simulations to better understand the 2D EBSD observations in the context of the 3D transformation events taking place below the surface. The in situ EBSD observations and PF simulations show an overall transformation behavior qualitatively similar to that measured in dilatometry. The behavior and kinetics of individual austenite–ferrite interfaces during the transformation is found to have a wide scatter around the average interface behavior deduced on the basis of the dilatometric measurements. The trajectories of selected characteristic interfaces are analyzed in detail and yield insight into the effect of local conditions in the vicinity of interfaces on their motion, as well as the misguiding effects of 2D observations of processes taking place in 3D.

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13

Gholinia, Ali, Ian Brough, John F. Humphreys, and Pete S. Bate. "A 3D FIB Investigation of Dynamic Recrystallization in a Cu-Sn Bronze." Materials Science Forum 715-716 (April 2012): 498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.715-716.498.

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A combination of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and focused ion beam (FIB) techniques were used to obtain 3D EBSD data in an investigation of dynamic recrystallization in a Cu-2%Sn bronze alloy. The results of this investigation show the origin of the nucleation sites for dynamic recrystallization and also elucidates the orientation relationship of the recrystallized grains to the deformed, prior grains and between the dynamically recrystallized grains.

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14

Konijnenberg, P., A. Khorashadizadeh, S. Zaefferer, and D. Raabe. "Analysis of 3D-EBSD Datasets Obtained by FIB Tomography." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, S2 (August 2013): 846–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613006223.

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15

Li, J., and G. Rohrer. "Measuring Grain Boundary Character Distributions from 3D EBSD Data." Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, S2 (July 2011): 394–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927611002844.

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16

Xu, Wan Qiang, Michael Ferry, Julie M. Cairney, and John F. Humphreys. "Application of FIB-EBSD Tomography for Understanding Annealing Phenomena in a Cold Rolled Particle-Containing Nickel Alloy." Materials Science Forum 558-559 (October 2007): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.558-559.413.

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A typical dual-beam platform combines a focused ion beam (FIB) microscope with a field emission gun scanning electron microscope (FEGSEM). Using FIB-FEGSEM, it is possible to sequentially mill away > ~ 50 nm sections of a material by FIB and characterize, at high resolution, the crystallographic features of each new surface by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The successive images can be combined to generate 3D crystallographic maps of the microstructure. A useful technique is described for FIB milling that allows the reliable reconstruction of 3D microstructures using EBSD. This serial sectioning technique was used to investigate the recrystallization behaviour of a particle-containing nickel alloy, which revealed a number of features of the recrystallizing grains that are not clearly evident in 2D EBSD micrographs such as clear evidence of particle stimulated nucleation (PSN) and twin formation and growth during PSN.

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17

Mulders, J. J. L., and A. P. Day. "Three-Dimensional Texture Analysis." Materials Science Forum 495-497 (September 2005): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.495-497.237.

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Three-dimensional (3D) microscopy is a new and rapidly expanding area. A DualBeam system, with both a focused ion beam (FIB) column and an electron column, is a powerful instrument for imaging and sectioning microstructures to generate a full 3D sample reconstruction. When an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) system is attached to the DualBeam, it becomes a unique tool for making 3D crystallographic measurements on a wide variety of materials. Combining the successive removal by FIB, with sequential EBSD maps taken with the electron beam requires clear geometric considerations and a high level of automation to obtain a decent resolution in the third dimension, including positional sub-pixel re-alignment. Complete automation allows controlled sectioning and analysis of a significant volume of material without operator intervention: a process that may run continuously and automatically for many hours. Using a Nova600, a Channel 6 EBSD system and dedicated control software, Aluminium, Nickel and Steel specimens have been examined and volumes with up to 200 slices have been successfully analysed.

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18

Petrov, Roumen H., Orlando León García, Nuria Sánchez Mouriño, Leo Kestens, Jin Ho Bae, and Ki Bong Kang. "Microstructure - Texture Related Toughness Anisotropy of API-X80 Pipeline Steel Characterized by Means of 3D-EBSD Technique." Materials Science Forum 558-559 (October 2007): 1429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.558-559.1429.

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The variations of in plane Charpy toughness anisotropy as a function of the microstructure and texture of an industrial grade of API –X80 pipeline steel was studied. Standard size Charpy samples with a long axis orientated at 0, 22.5, 45, 67.5 and 90° with respect to the rolling direction of the plate were tested at different temperatures varying from -196°C to 20°C. Microstructure and texture of the plates were investigated by means of electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD), XRD and the recently developed 3D EBSD technique. The spatial grain shape orientation distribution was examined on samples which were cut from the middle thickness of an industrial rolled plate by means of 3D EBSD and following grain shape reconstruction and approximation of the grain shape with ellipsoids. It was found that the experimentally observed 3D microstructures could well be correlated to the anisotropy of the measured Charpy impact toughness of the steel for the Charpy samples. The Charpy toughness anisotropy of the plates in the transition region where both ductile and brittle fractures take place can be related to the microstructural anisotropy characterized by the grain shape orientation and the spatial distribution of the 2nd phase.

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19

Maurice, C., A. P. Day, and R. Fortunier. "High Angular Accuracy EBSD based on a 3D Hough Transform." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, S2 (August 2013): 688–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613005436.

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20

Groeber, M., P. Shade, R. Wheeler, and M. Uchic. "3D EBSD Characterization of Deformed Polycrystalline Micro-scale Tensile Samples." Microscopy and Microanalysis 16, S2 (July 2010): 1828–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927610061180.

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21

Lin, F. X., A. Godfrey, D. Juul Jensen, and G. Winther. "3D EBSD characterization of deformation structures in commercial purity aluminum." Materials Characterization 61, no. 11 (November 2010): 1203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2010.07.013.

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22

Guyon, Julien, Nathalie Gey, Daniel Goran, Smail Chalal, and Fabián Pérez-Willard. "Advancing FIB assisted 3D EBSD using a static sample setup." Ultramicroscopy 161 (February 2016): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.11.011.

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23

Konijnenberg, P. J., S. Zaefferer, and D. Raabe. "Assessment of geometrically necessary dislocation levels derived by 3D EBSD." Acta Materialia 99 (October 2015): 402–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2015.06.051.

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24

MAURICE, C., and R. FORTUNIER. "A 3D Hough transform for indexing EBSD and Kossel patterns." Journal of Microscopy 230, no. 3 (June 2008): 520–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2008.02045.x.

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25

Bobrowski, Piotr, Marek Faryna, and Zbigniew Pędzich. "Microstructural Characterization of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Sintered at Different Temperatures Using 3D EBSD, 2D EBSD and Stereological Calculations." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 26, no. 10 (June 23, 2017): 4681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2794-4.

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26

Spanos, G., D. J. Rowenhorst, A. C. Lewis, and A. B. Geltmacher. "Combining Serial Sectioning, EBSD Analysis, and Image-Based Finite Element Modeling." MRS Bulletin 33, no. 6 (June 2008): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2008.124.

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AbstractThis article first provides a brief review of the status of the subfield of three-dimensional (3D) materials analyses that combine serial sectioning, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and finite element modeling (FEM) of materials microstructures, with emphasis on initial investigations and how they led to the current state of this research area. The discussions focus on studies of the mechanical properties of polycrystalline materials where 3D reconstructions of the microstructure—including crystallographic orientation information—are used as input into image-based 3D FEM simulations. The authors' recent work on a β-stabilized Ti alloy is utilized for specific examples to illustrate the capabilities of these experimental and modeling techniques, the challenges and the solutions associated with these methods, and the types of results and analyses that can be obtained by the close integration of experiments and simulations.

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27

Chou, C. T., and Ali Gholinia. "Elementary Facet Method for Grain Boundary Plane Determination by 3D EBSD." Solid State Phenomena 160 (February 2010): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.160.217.

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A new method, the elementary facet method for the grain boundary (GB) orientation measurement using three dimensional EBSD data obtained from serial sectioned sample surfaces, has been applied to a nickel superalloy sample. The principles of this method are described and a part of results obtained are given.

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28

Han, Ming, and Guangming Zhao. "Identification of SiC Crystals Based on 3D Reconstruction Using EBSD Technique." Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, S1 (August 2018): 674–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927618003860.

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29

ŠEDIVÝ, O., and A. JÄGER. "On correction of translational misalignments between section planes in 3D EBSD." Journal of Microscopy 266, no. 2 (February 20, 2017): 186–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmi.12528.

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30

Liu, Tao, Dierk Raabe, and Stefan Zaefferer. "A 3D tomographic EBSD analysis of a CVD diamond thin film." Science and Technology of Advanced Materials 9, no. 3 (July 2008): 035013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1468-6996/9/3/035013.

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31

Rowenhorst, David J., and Richard W. Fonda. "Combining EBSD with Serial Sectioning for the 3D Analysis of Materials." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, S2 (August 2019): 346–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927619002460.

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32

Adachi, Yoshitaka, Mayumi Ojima, Satoshi Morooka, and Yo Tomota. "Hierarchical 3D/4D Characterization on Deformation Behavior of Austenitic and Pearlitic Steels." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 2505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.2505.

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This study highlites deformation behavior of austenitic and pearlitic steels by in-situ neutron diffraction and 3D/4D EBSD measurement with a particular attention to their hierarchy.In particular stress partitioning in these microstructures is examined from macroscopic as well as microscopic scale length levels, and they are correlated to each other.

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33

Bassman, Lori, Cassandra George, M. Zakaria Quadir, Nasima Afrin, Ben Yue Liu, Brian Soe, and Michael Ferry. "Study of the True Nature of Microband Boundaries in Aluminum with 3D EBSD." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.558.

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There are two opposing theories regarding the nature of aligned dislocation boundaries generated during plastic deformation of FCC metals: (i) they are oriented along crystallographic planes, and (ii) their alignment is dictated by the macroscopic stress state during plastic deformation. 3D crystallographic orientation data were collected on a volume containing microbands in commercial purity aluminum, and 3D boundaries were reconstructed. Both types of alignment were found in local surface features.

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34

Zasada, Dariusz, Wojciech Polkowski, and Robert Jasionowski. "Analysis of the Effect of the Wearing Type on Surface Structural Changes of Ni₃Al-Based Intermetallic Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 225 (December 2014): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.225.25.

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Results of an analysis of effect of wearing type on surface structural changes of a Ni3Al intermetallic alloy, are shown in the present paper. A microstructure evaluation was carried out by Quanta 3D FEG field emission gun scanning electron microscope (FEG SEM) equipped with an integrated EDS/WDS/EBSD system. The Ni3Al-based intermetallic alloy with an addition of boron, zirconium and chromium was examined. The investigated material had γ’ single-phase, ordered solid solution structure with 20 μm grain size. An electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method was applied to visualize surface structural changes upon an abrasive, a cavitational and a tribological wearing of the material.An observation of surface layer after the abrasive wear was carried out on samples examined in loose abradant by T-07 tester and according to GOST 23.2008-79 norm. An analysis of cavitational wear on changes in the near surface area of Ni3Al-based alloy was performed on an impact-jet stand. Observed structural changes were described based on results of the SEM/EBSD complex structural examination and hardness measurements. It was found, that the EBSD is an effective and sensitive method that allows estimating surface strain introduced during analyzed wearing types.

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35

Pérez-Huerta, Alberto, Jennifer England, and Maggie Cusack. "Crystallography of craniid brachiopods by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 98, no. 3-4 (September 2007): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691007079832.

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ABSTRACTElectron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) is used to determine the detailed crystallographic orientation of calcite crystals of craniid brachiopods in the context of shell ultrastructure. Sections of shells of two Recent species, Novocrania anomala and Novocrania huttoni, are analysed to provide 3D crystallographic patterns at high spatial resolution. The c-axis of semi-nacre calcite crystals is oriented parallel to the laminae that define the ultrastructure of the secondary layer. This orientation differs from that of rhynchonelliform calcitic brachiopods where the c-axis is perpendicular to the length of morphological fibres and to the shell exterior.

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36

Zaafarani, N., Franz Roters, and Dierk Raabe. "Recent Progress in the 3D Experimentation and Simulation of Nanoindents." Materials Science Forum 550 (July 2007): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.550.199.

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This work studies the rotations of a (111) Cu single crystal due to the application of a conical nanoindent. With the aid of a joint high-resolution field emission SEM-EBSD set-up coupled with serial sectioning in a focused ion beam (FIB) system in the form of a cross-beam 3D crystal orientation microscope (3D EBSD) a 3D rotation map underneath the indent could be extracted. When analyzing the rotation directions in the cross section planes (11-2) perpendicular to the (111) surface plane below the indenter tip we observe multiple transition regimes with steep orientation gradients and changes in rotation direction. A phenomenological and a physically-based 3D elastic-viscoplastic crystal plasticity model are implemented in two finite element simulations adopting the geometry and boundary conditions of the experiment. While the phenomenological model predicts the general rotation trend it fails to describe the fine details of the rotation patterning with the frequent changes in sign observed in the experiment. The physically-based model, which is a dislocation density based constitutive model, succeeded to precisely predict the crystal rotation map compared with the experiment. Both simulations over-emphasize the magnitude of the rotation field near the indenter relative to that measured directly below the indenter tip. However, out of the two models the physically-based model reveals better crystal rotation angles

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37

Staněk, J., J. Kopeček, P. Král, I. Karafiátová, F. Seitl, and V. Beneš. "Comparison of segmentation of 2D and 3D EBSD measurements in polycrystalline materials." Metallic Materials 58, no. 05 (2020): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4149/km_2020_5_301.

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38

Wang, Zhangqi, and Stefan Zaefferer. "On the accuracy of grain boundary character determination by pseudo-3D EBSD." Materials Characterization 130 (August 2017): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2017.05.023.

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39

Pirgazi, Hadi. "On the alignment of 3D EBSD data collected by serial sectioning technique." Materials Characterization 152 (June 2019): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2019.04.026.

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40

Lindsay, J., T. L. Burnett, J. Goulden, P. Frankel, A. Garner, B. Winiarski, and P. J. Withers. "Developments in Large Volume 3D Analysis via P-FIB: EBSD & EDS." Microscopy and Microanalysis 23, S1 (July 2017): 284–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927617002100.

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41

Loeb, Andrew, Michael Ferry, and Lori Bassman. "Segmentation of 3D EBSD data for subgrain boundary identification and feature characterization." Ultramicroscopy 161 (February 2016): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.11.003.

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42

Gholinia, A., I. Brough, J. Humphreys, D. McDonald, and P. Bate. "A 3D EBSD Investigation of Dynamic Recrystallisation in a Cu-Sn Bronze." Microscopy and Microanalysis 15, S2 (July 2009): 406–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927609093271.

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43

Gholinia, A., I. Brough, J. Humphreys, D. McDonald, and P. Bate. "An investigation of dynamic recrystallisation on Cu–Sn bronze using 3D EBSD." Materials Science and Technology 26, no. 6 (June 2010): 685–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708309x12547309760966.

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44

Merriman, C. C., and David P. Field. "Observations of Dislocation Structure in AA 7050 by EBSD." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.493.

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During and after plastic deformation of metals, dislocations tend to evolve into generally well-defined structures that may include tangles, bands, cell walls, and various additional features. Observation of these structures by electron backscatter diffraction is only accomplished by analysis of changes in orientation from one position to the next. Excess (or geometrically necessary) dislocation densities can be inferred from 2D measurements or obtained directly from 3D measurements as indicated by Nye’s dislocation density tensor. Evolution of excess dislocation densities was measured for a split channel die specimen of aluminum alloy 7050 in the T7451 temper. Densities evolved by a factor or 1.6 for compressive deformations of 15%.

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Seret, Anthony, Charbel Moussa, Marc Bernacki, Javier Signorelli, and Nathalie Bozzolo. "Estimation of geometrically necessary dislocation density from filtered EBSD data by a local linear adaptation of smoothing splines." Journal of Applied Crystallography 52, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 548–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576719004035.

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Abstract:

An implementation of smoothing splines is proposed to reduce orientation noise in electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data, and subsequently estimate more accurate geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) densities. The local linear adaptation of smoothing splines (LLASS) filter has two advantages over classical implementations of smoothing splines: (1) it allows for an intuitive calibration of the fitting versus smoothing trade-off and (2) it can be applied directly and in the same manner to both square and hexagonal grids, and to 2D as well as to 3D EBSD data sets. Furthermore, the LLASS filter calculates the filtered orientation gradient, which is actually at the core of the method and which is subsequently used to calculate the GND density. The LLASS filter is applied on a simulated low-misorientation-angle boundary corrupted by artificial orientation noise (on a square grid), and on experimental EBSD data of a compressed Ni-base superalloy (acquired on a square grid) and of a dual austenitic/martensitic steel (acquired on an hexagonal grid). The LLASS filter leads to lower GND density values as compared to raw EBSD data sets, as a result of orientation noise being reduced, while preserving true GND structures. In addition, the results are compared with those of filters available in theMTEXtoolbox.

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Rowenhorst, D. J., A. Gupta, C. R. Feng, and G. Spanos. "3D Crystallographic and morphological analysis of coarse martensite: Combining EBSD and serial sectioning." Scripta Materialia 55, no. 1 (July 2006): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.12.061.

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Buxbaum, A., S. Sitzman, and A. Deal. "Application of 3D EBSD to a Two-Phase, Ultra-Fine Grain Titanium Alloy." Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, S2 (July 2011): 396–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927611002856.

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Bachmann, Florian, Ralf Hielscher, and Helmut Schaeben. "Grain detection from 2d and 3d EBSD data—Specification of the MTEX algorithm." Ultramicroscopy 111, no. 12 (December 2011): 1720–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2011.08.002.

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Mingard, K. P., M. Stewart, M. G. Gee, S. Vespucci, and C. Trager-Cowan. "Practical application of direct electron detectors to EBSD mapping in 2D and 3D." Ultramicroscopy 184 (January 2018): 242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.09.008.

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Nakamachi, Eiji, Yasutomo Uetsuji, Hiroyuki Kurame, and Takayuki Maeda. "1218 Derivation of 3D Micro Crystal Structure Plasticity Modelby Using SEM・EBSD Measurement." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2005.18 (2005): 281–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2005.18.281.

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