Journal articles: '3D-Scanner'

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Wu, Zhouyi, Chao Han, Changhuei Yang, and Jiangtao Huangfu. "3D imaging scanner." Applied Optics 57, no. 19 (June 28, 2018): 5399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.57.005399.

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Toranzo, V., L. Zini, and A. Busso. "Desarrollo de un scanner 3D." Extensionismo, Innovación y Transferencia Tecnológica 3 (March 2, 2016): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/eitt.303001.

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<p>En el presente trabajo se muestra un primer prototipo de un escáner 3D detallando su construcción mecánica, los circuitos electrónicos que lo componen y la programación asociada a su funcionamiento. Para el mismo se utilizaron componentes de fácil adquisición y programas de desarrolló del tipo libre. Como resultado se llegó a un modelo tridimensional numérico de objetos físicos pudiéndose recomponer este objeto mediante una impresora 3D, mostrando de esta forma su utilidad y precisión alcanzada.</p>

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YOKOTA, KAZUO. "Whole Body 3D Digitizer (Scanner)." Sen'i Gakkaishi 54, no. 6 (1998): P223—P226. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.54.6_p223.

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Karbowski, Krzysztof, Marek Szczybura, and Witold Sujka. "3D scanner for medical applications." Mechanik, no. 12 (December 2016): 1904–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2016.12.545.

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Capineri, L., L. Masotti, and S. Rocchi. "A 3D airborne ultrasound scanner." Measurement Science and Technology 9, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): 967–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/9/6/014.

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Bubaker-Isheil, Halima, François Hennebelle, and Jean-François Fontaine. "Simple Large Scale 3D scanner." Procedia CIRP 88 (2020): 539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2020.05.093.

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Baksa, Sarajko, Ines Baksa, and Budimir Mijović. "3D scanner application in the function of digital foot antropometry (FootSABA 3D Foot Scanner)." Koža & obuća 68, no. 2 (2019): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.34187/ko.68.2.5.

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The personalization of footwear in terms of dimension and shape is of the utmost importance and is nowadays considered vitally important by interdisciplinary professions (medical, footwear, ergonomics ...), since inadequately manufactured footwear inevitably results in unwanted pathological conditions of the feet.The aim of this study is to scientifically determine the application of automated 3D digitization of spatial anthropometric foot measurement in relation to the frequency of incorrectly selected footwear based on traditional methods of measurement and selection.Among the examined individuals, both male and female, it was found that more than two thirds of people wear footwear that ergonomically does not fit the basic anthropometric footwear measurements, both in width and length of their feet.There is medical evidence that wearing inappropriate footwear is closely related to pain and wounds on the feet, and that prolonged wearing leads to pathological changes of the feet, such as foot and toe deformation.In the scope of taking measures, traditional methods of determining foot morphology are not sufficient to accurately define the shape and size, in contrast to the modern approach of using 3D scanners and digital methods of measuring virtual 3D models, which enable a very accurate and quick personalization of a large amount of anthropometric data concerning foot morphology.

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Rudy, Rudy, Agustinus Purna Irawan, and Didi Widya Utama. "RANCANG BANGUN ALAT BANTU 3D SCANNER." POROS 14, no. 1 (September 8, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/poros.v14i1.826.

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Abstrak: 3D scanner adalah alat Pemindai yang digunakan untuk mengscan benda kerja. 3D scanner pada umumnya digunakan dengan tangan manusia tanpa ada alat bantu. Dalam perancang akan membuat atau merancang Alat Bantu 3D scanner. Alat bantu ini berfungsi untuk mengurangi getaran dan jarak yang selalu konsisten untuk mendapatkan hasil gambar yang maksimal. Dalam perancangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan desain dan gambar kerja konstruksi alat bantu yang kuat, kokoh, aman, dan efisien. Mendapatkan hasil uji 3D scanner. Mendapatkan hasil kerja dari alat yang dibuat apakah berfungsi secara optimun atau tidak. Tiga rumusan masalah diajukan dan berhubungan dengan ketiga tujuan perancangan. Proses perancangan alat bantu 3D scanner dilakukan dengan tahapan yaitu perencanaan dan penjelasan tugas/fungsi, perencanaan konsep produk(gambar kerja). Analisis teknik hanya pada kontruksi rangka. Perancangan alat bantu 3D scanner menghasilkan gambar hasil yang optimum, dengan spesifikasi ukuran panjang 600-1500, lebar 500 dan tinggi 1800 mm. Kapasitas benda yang digunakan hanya bisa pada ukuran terbesar 800x800x800 mm. Kontruksi rangka terbuat dari Baja dengan bahan SS41 dan plat Baja dengan tebal 6mm dan 4 mm.

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Mendricky, Radomir, and Jiri Sobotka. "Accuracy Comparison of the Optical 3D Scanner and CT Scanner." Manufacturing Technology 20, no. 6 (December 23, 2020): 791–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.21062/mft.2020.120.

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Armansyah, Arif, Syarif Hidayatulloh, and Asti Herliana. "Perancangan dan Pembuatan Alat Scanner 3D Menggunakan Sensor Kinect Xbox 360." Jurnal Informatika 5, no. 1 (April 19, 2018): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31311/ji.v5i1.2443.

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Abstrak Scanner 3D adalah teknologi yang digunakan untuk memindai objek nyata untuk mendapatkan bentuk, ukuran dan fitur lainnya agar menghasilkan gambar yang sangat akurat. Dalam perancangan alat scanner 3D sebelumnya, yaitu scanner 3D menggunakan sensor ultrasonik, infra merah, dan line laser. Maka dapat disimpulkan terdapat beberapa kekurangan yaitu masih terbatasnya objek yang di scan serta hasil scan yang belum akurat karena hanya menghasilkan garis-garis yang membentuk objek. Pada penelitian ini, penulis membuat scanner 3D dengan hasil akurasi yang tinggi. Scanner 3D yang dibuat adalah menggunakan sensor Kinect xbox 360. Cara kerja dari kinect yaitu dengan menggabungkan antara beberapa kamera, Color Cimos (VNA38209015) kamera ini berfungsi membantu dalam pengenalan objek dan fitur deteksi lainnya, serta kamera IR CMOS (VCA379C7130), dan IR Projector (OG12) yaitu sebagai depth sensor atau sensor kedalaman yang merupakan sebuah proyektor infrared dan sebuah sensor monochrome CMOS yang bekerja secara bersama-sama untuk melihat ruangan atau area dalam bentuk 3D tanpa memperdulikan kondisi cahaya. Untuk mengolah serta menampilkan hasil dari objek yang sudah di scan menggunakan aplikasi KScan3D. Kemudian untuk koneksi antara PC dengan media penggerak menggunakan Bluetooth HC-06. Setelah dilakukan pengujian didapatkan model gambar 3D dengan dengan hasil akurasi yang cukup tinggi. Kata Kunci: Bluetooth HC-06, Infra Merah, Line Laser, Kinect, KScan3D, Scanner 3D, Ultrasonik Abstract Scanner 3D is the technology used to scan real objects to get the form, size and other features in order to produce pictures that are very accurate. In the design of the appliance scanner 3D previously, namely scanner 3D using the ultrasonic sensor, infrared and laser line. It can be concluded there are some disadvantages that is still limited objects in the scan and the scans are not accurate because only produces lines that formed the object. In this research, author make scanner 3D with high accuracy results. Scanner 3D is made using the XBOX 360 Kinect sensor. How to work from kinect namely with combining between some camera, Color Cimos (VNA38209015) this camera work help in the introduction of objects and other detection feature and IR camera CMOS (VCA379C7130), and IR Projector (OG12) as depth censorship or the depth sensor is a projector infrared and a monochrome sensor CMOS working together to see the room or area in the form of 3D without neglecting the light conditions. To process and display the results from the object that is already in the scan using KScan3D application Then to the connection between the PC with media drives using Bluetooth HC-06. After the test is done obtained the model picture 3D with the results of the accuracy high enough. Key Word: Bluetooth HC-06, Infra Merah , Line Laser, Kinect, KScan3D, Scanner 3D, Ultrasonik

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Armansyah, Arif, Syarif Hidayatulloh, and Asti Herliana. "Perancangan dan Pembuatan Alat Scanner 3D Menggunakan Sensor Kinect Xbox 360." Jurnal Informatika 5, no. 1 (April 19, 2018): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31294/ji.v5i1.2443.

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Abstrak Scanner 3D adalah teknologi yang digunakan untuk memindai objek nyata untuk mendapatkan bentuk, ukuran dan fitur lainnya agar menghasilkan gambar yang sangat akurat. Dalam perancangan alat scanner 3D sebelumnya, yaitu scanner 3D menggunakan sensor ultrasonik, infra merah, dan line laser. Maka dapat disimpulkan terdapat beberapa kekurangan yaitu masih terbatasnya objek yang di scan serta hasil scan yang belum akurat karena hanya menghasilkan garis-garis yang membentuk objek. Pada penelitian ini, penulis membuat scanner 3D dengan hasil akurasi yang tinggi. Scanner 3D yang dibuat adalah menggunakan sensor Kinect xbox 360. Cara kerja dari kinect yaitu dengan menggabungkan antara beberapa kamera, Color Cimos (VNA38209015) kamera ini berfungsi membantu dalam pengenalan objek dan fitur deteksi lainnya, serta kamera IR CMOS (VCA379C7130), dan IR Projector (OG12) yaitu sebagai depth sensor atau sensor kedalaman yang merupakan sebuah proyektor infrared dan sebuah sensor monochrome CMOS yang bekerja secara bersama-sama untuk melihat ruangan atau area dalam bentuk 3D tanpa memperdulikan kondisi cahaya. Untuk mengolah serta menampilkan hasil dari objek yang sudah di scan menggunakan aplikasi KScan3D. Kemudian untuk koneksi antara PC dengan media penggerak menggunakan Bluetooth HC-06. Setelah dilakukan pengujian didapatkan model gambar 3D dengan dengan hasil akurasi yang cukup tinggi. Kata Kunci: Bluetooth HC-06, Infra Merah, Line Laser, Kinect, KScan3D, Scanner 3D, Ultrasonik Abstract Scanner 3D is the technology used to scan real objects to get the form, size and other features in order to produce pictures that are very accurate. In the design of the appliance scanner 3D previously, namely scanner 3D using the ultrasonic sensor, infrared and laser line. It can be concluded there are some disadvantages that is still limited objects in the scan and the scans are not accurate because only produces lines that formed the object. In this research, author make scanner 3D with high accuracy results. Scanner 3D is made using the XBOX 360 Kinect sensor. How to work from kinect namely with combining between some camera, Color Cimos (VNA38209015) this camera work help in the introduction of objects and other detection feature and IR camera CMOS (VCA379C7130), and IR Projector (OG12) as depth censorship or the depth sensor is a projector infrared and a monochrome sensor CMOS working together to see the room or area in the form of 3D without neglecting the light conditions. To process and display the results from the object that is already in the scan using KScan3D application Then to the connection between the PC with media drives using Bluetooth HC-06. After the test is done obtained the model picture 3D with the results of the accuracy high enough. Key Word: Bluetooth HC-06, Infra Merah , Line Laser, Kinect, KScan3D, Scanner 3D, Ultrasonik

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Xia, Sibei, Siming Guo, Jiayin Li, and Cynthia Istook. "Comparison of different body measurement techniques: 3D stationary scanner, 3D handheld scanner, and tape measurement." Journal of The Textile Institute 110, no. 8 (December 26, 2018): 1103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2018.1541437.

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Pereira, Iane Silva, and Juliana Moulin Fosse. "Avaliação de Digitalizadores Tridimensionais de Baixo Custo para Reprodução de Produtos Cartográficos." Revista Brasileira de Cartografia 72, no. 3 (September 22, 2020): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/rbcv72n3-53867.

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Com o intuito de tornar a modelagem tridimensional mais acessível no âmbito da Cartografia e incentivar a sua prática, este trabalho abordou o uso de digitalizadores tridimensionais portáteis e de baixo custo para a geração de produtos cartográficos, para fins de documentação, reprodução ou representação de modelos virtuais. Como esta prática ainda é pouco explorada no Brasil, este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia específica para avaliar o digitalizador tridimensional de melhor custo-benefício. Foram avaliados três digitalizadores tridimensionais: o 3D Scanner Pro 1.0, o Scanner 3D Sense e o MakerBot Digitizer Desktop 3D Scanner. Foram modelados seis corpos de prova, que foram impressos por uma impressora 3D e digitalizados pelos três digitalizadores tridimensionais. Foram definidos três parâmetros de avaliação: as especificações técnicas, a experiência do usuário e a análise estatística. Para avaliar as especificações técnicas foram abordadas três variáveis: resolução, mobilidade e custo. Para avaliar a experiência do usuário foram consideradas: facilidade de uso e o tempo de digitalização. E para avaliar a análise estatística foram usadas as medidas das peças digitalizadas, comparadas com suas medidas originais. Os resultados obtidos mostraram um resultado semelhante entre o 3D Scanner Pro 1.0 e o MakerBot Digitizer Desktop 3D Scanner. Devido ao 3D Scanner Pro 1.0 ter um custo mais baixo do que o MakerBot Digitizer Desktop 3D Scanner, o mesmo foi escolhido como o digitalizador de melhor custo-benefício. Para complementar o trabalho e verificar a potencialidade prática dessa tecnologia, duas novas feições foram escolhidas, digitalizadas, com o digitalizador escolhido, e impressas, pela impressora 3D. Os resultados se mostraram satisfatório e incentiva o uso dessa tecnologia como meio de geração de produtos cartográficos 3D.

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Beldame, Julien, Riccardo Sacco, Marie-Aude Munoz, Marion Masse, and Matthieu Lalevée. "Assessment of the Efficiency of Measuring Foot and Ankle Edema with a 3D Portable Scanner." Bioengineering 10, no. 5 (May 3, 2023): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10050549.

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Background: To prospectively evaluate the reliability of a portable optical scanner compared to the water displacement technique for volumetric measurements of the foot and ankle and to compare the acquisition time associated with these two methods. Methods: Foot volume was measured in 29 healthy volunteers (58 feet, 24 females and 5 males) by a 3D scanner (UPOD-S 3D Laser Full-Foot Scanner®) and by water displacement volumetry. Measurements were performed on both feet, up to a height of 10 cm above the ground. The acquisition time for each method was evaluated. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Lin’s Concordance Correlation Coefficient, and a Student’s t-test were performed. Results: Mean foot volume was 869.7 +/− 165.1 cm3 (3D scanner) versus 867.9 +/− 155.4 cm3 (water-displacement volumetry) (p < 10−5). The concordance of measurements was 0.93, indicative of a high correlation between the two techniques. Volumes were 47.8 cm3 lower when using the 3D scanner versus water volumetry. After statistically correcting this underestimation, the concordance was improved (0.98, residual bias = −0.03 +/− 35.1 cm3). The mean examination time was 4.2 +/− 1.7 min (3D optical scanner) versus 11.1 +/− 2.9 min (water volumeter) (p < 10−4). Conclusions: Ankle/foot volumetric measurements performed using this portable 3D scanner are reliable and fast and can be used in clinical practice and research.

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R. Shahrin, M., F. H. Hashim, W. M.D.W. Zaki, A. Hussain, and T. T. Raj. "3D Indoor Mapping System Using 2D LiDAR Sensor for Drones." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.11 (October 2, 2018): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.11.20797.

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Most 3D scanners are heavy, bulky and costly. These are the major factors that make them irrelevant to be attached to a drone for autonomous navigation. With modern technologies, it is possible to design a simple 3D scanner for autonomous navigation. The objective of this study is to design a cost effective 3D indoor mapping system using a 2D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor for a drone. This simple 3D scanner is realised using a LiDAR sensor together with two servo motors to create the azimuth and elevation axes. An Arduino Uno is used as the interface between the scanner and computer for the real-time communication via serial port. In addition, an open source Point-Cloud Tool software is used to test and view the 3D scanner data. To study the accuracy and efficiency of the system, the LiDAR sensor data from the scanner is obtained in real-time in point-cloud form. The experimental results proved that the proposed system can perform the 2D and 3D scans with tolerable performance.

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Abdullah, Abdul Halim, Mohamad Hannan Yusof, Ahmad Hussein Abdul Hamid, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Noh, Mohammad Azeeb Mazlan, and Helmi Rashid. "Design & Development of Adjustable Handheld 3D Scanner Jig." International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 12, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae1122_17.

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The handheld 3D scanner makes modelling process even faster and easier. However, the main problem when using a handheld scanner is the inability of the operator to firmly hold the scanner without shaking during the scanning process thus will cause the scanned object to be inaccurate. Automated robotic arms may reduce the shortfalls, but it may increase the operational cost. In this project, a cost-effective, life-size, and flexible jig which integrate with the handheld 3D scanner was developed. The objectives of this project are (i) to design a low-cost jig for handheld 3D scanner with integration of autonomous system, and (ii) to fabricate and analyse the performance of the proposed flexible jig. The development process involved several stages, including the detail design process, control system development, jig fabrication and testing. Integration of Arduino Integrated Development Environment system is utilised to operate the device's mechanism to the system and further support the operation process and handling. A portable, life-size, cost-effective, and quick processing 3D scanner jig was successfully developed with minimum human error to produce an accurate measurement, and better modelling data. Keywords— Automation; Embedded System; Product Design; Three-Dimensional (3D) Scanning

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Takimoto, Rogério Yugo, Renato Vogelaar, Edson Kenji Ueda, André Kubagawa Sato, Thiago de Castro Martins, Toshiyuki Gotoh, Seiichiro Kagei, and Marcos de Sales Guerra Tsuzuki. "3D Reconstruction Using Low Precision Scanner." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 46, no. 7 (May 2013): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20130522-3-br-4036.00026.

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Riczu, Péter, János Tamás, Gábor Nagy, Attila Nagy, Tünde Fórián, and Tamás Jancsó. "Horticulture applicability of 3D laser scanner." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 46 (May 16, 2012): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/46/2412.

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As a result of the technological development, remote sensing instruments and methods have become widespread in all segments of life (from precision agriculture through architecture to medicine). Among the innovative development of remote sensing instruments the 3D laser scanner is overriding importance. The horticulture applicability of terrestrial laser scanning technique is innovation in the precision agriculture, because it could be determine the structure of trees and branches, the canopy extension, which can help to recognize some biophysical parameters. The examination was carried out with Leica ScanStation C10 terrestrial laser scanner in the Study and Regional Research Farm of the University of Debrecen near Pallag. In this article I present the measuring principle, the parameters and horticulture applicability of the terrestrial laser scanner.

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Valpreda, Fabrizio, and Paola Iacomussi. "3D scanner characterisation for Open Design." Electronic Imaging 2016, no. 9 (February 15, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2016.9.mmrma-357.

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Palomer, Albert, Pere Ridao, Dina Youakim, David Ribas, Josep Forest, and Yvan Petillot. "3D Laser Scanner for Underwater Manipulation." Sensors 18, no. 4 (April 4, 2018): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18041086.

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Tavernier, S., P. Bruyndonckx, and Zhang Shuping. "A fully 3D small PET scanner." Physics in Medicine and Biology 37, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): 635–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/37/3/010.

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YILMAZ, ULAŞ, ADEM YAŞAR MÜLAYİM, and VOLKAN ATALAY. "AN IMAGE-BASED INEXPENSIVE 3D SCANNER." International Journal of Image and Graphics 03, no. 02 (April 2003): 235–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219467803000993.

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An image-based model reconstruction system is described in this paper where real images of a rigid object acquired under a simple but controlled environment are used to recover its three dimensional geometry and its surface texture. Based on a multi-image calibration method, an algorithm to extract the rotation axis of a turn-table has been developed. Furthermore, this algorithm can be extended to estimate robustly the initial bounding volume of the object to be modeled. The coarse volume obtained is then carved using a stereo correction method which removes the disadvantages of silhouette-based reconstruction by photoconsistency. The concept of surface particles is adapted in order to extract a texture map for the model. Some existing metrics are used to measure the quality of the reconstructed models.

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Huard, François. "Scanner 3D pour le génie civil." Revue Française de Génie Civil 6, sup1 (January 2002): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12795119.2002.9692431.

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Benoit, B., and P. Bach-Segura. "Pathologie rachidienne : 2D, 3D, IRM, scanner." Journal de Radiologie 88, no. 10 (October 2007): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0221-0363(07)80914-0.

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Rioux, M., and T. Bird. "White laser, synced scan (3D scanner)." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 13, no. 3 (May 1993): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/38.210485.

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Zeidan, Zaki M., Ashraf A. Beshr, and Ashraf G. Shehata. "Study the precision of creating 3D structure modeling form terrestrial laser scanner observations." Journal of Applied Geodesy 12, no. 4 (October 25, 2018): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jag-2018-0009.

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Abstract Laser scanner has become widely used nowadays for several applications in civil engineering. An advantage of laser scanner as compared to other geodetic instruments is its capability of collecting hundreds or even thousands of point per second. Terrestrial laser scanner allows acquiring easy and fast complex geometric data from building, machines, objects, etc. Several experimental and field tests are required to investigate the quality and accuracy of scanner points cloud and the 3D geometric models derived from laser scanner. So this paper investigates the precision of creation three dimensional structural model resulted from terrestrial laser scanner observations. The paper also presented the ability to create 3D model by structural faces depending on the plane equation for each face resulted from coordinates of several observed points cover this face using reflector less total station observations. Precision comparison for the quality of 3D models created from laser scanner observations and structure faces is also presented.The results of the practical measurements, calculations and analysis of results are presented.

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Taha, Zahari, Mohd Azri Aris, Zulkifli Ahmad, Mohd Hasnun Arif Hassan, and Nina Nadia Sahim. "A Low Cost 3D Foot Scanner for Custom-Made Sports Shoes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 440 (October 2013): 369–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.440.369.

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Conventional methods to obtain foot anthropometry for custom made sports shoes using anthropometer, callipers and measuring tapes are inaccurate due to the complex anatomy and curvature of the instep, foot arc and related joints. They lead to poor repeatability and large variances, particularly when measurements are taken of different people. Measurements from 3D model have been claimed as a perfect tool to obtain anthropometric data. However a commercial 3D foot scanner to create a 3D foot model can be very costly. In this paper we propose a low cost 3D foot scanner system by integrating available image capture technology such as the Kinect®, appropriate 3D scanning software and a foot scanner rig. An experiment was conducted to compare the anthropometry data taken using conventional method and from the 3D model. The differences recorded for all regions were found to be less than 5%, suggesting that the 3D model produced by this method is accurate. The use of 3D scanner has also decreased the measurement duration, thus increasing the repeatability whilst decreasing human errors that normally occur during the measurement process.

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Morovič, Ladislav, and Peter Pokorný. "Optical 3D Scanning of Small Parts." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 2269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.2269.

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The paper deals with the investigation of 3D digitizing of small parts specifically by optical 3D scanner GOM ATOS TripleScan. The paper shortly illustrates the general concept of Reverse Engineering, which includes also the 3D scanning. The paper also describes the optical 3D scanner GOM ATOS TripleScan and a three-dimensional model obtaining procedure by means of this scanner. In the main part of the paper the concrete 3D scanning process of chosen individual objects is described (clips, ball nose end mill, screw drill, coin). Their shape and size were specific and distinct, therefore it was possible to test and compare particular digitizing attributes. The problems that occurred during 3D digitizing of individual parts are step by step discussed and solved.

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Chen, Kai, Kai Zhan, Xiaocong Yang, and Da Zhang. "Accuracy Improvement Method of a 3D Laser Scanner Based on the D-H Model." Shock and Vibration 2021 (May 25, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9965904.

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A three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner with characteristics such as acquiring huge point cloud data and noncontact measurement has revolutionized the surveying and mapping industry. Nonetheless, how to guarantee the 3D laser scanner precision remains the critical factor that determines the excellence of 3D laser scanners. Hence, this study proposes a 3D laser scanner error analysis and calibration-method-based D-H model, applies the D-H model method in the robot area to the 3D laser scanner coordinate for calculating the point cloud data and creatively derive the error model, comprehensively analyzes six external parameters and seven inner structure parameters that affect point cloud coordinator error, and designs two calibration platforms for inner structure parameters. To validate the proposed method, we used SOKKIA total station and BLSS-PE 3D laser scanner to attain the center coordinate of the testing target sphere and then evaluate the external parameters and modify the point coordinate. Based on modifying the point coordinate, comparing the point coordinate that considered the inner structure parameters with the point coordinate that did not consider the inner structure parameters, the experiment revealed that the BLSS-PE 3D laser scanner’s precision enhanced after considering the inner structure parameters, demonstrating that the error analysis and calibration method was correct and feasible.

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Jang, Arum, Young K. Ju, and Min Jae Park. "Structural Stability Evaluation of Existing Buildings by Reverse Engineering with 3D Laser Scanner." Remote Sensing 14, no. 10 (May 11, 2022): 2325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14102325.

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In the Fourth Industrial Revolution, research and development of application technologies that combine high-tech technologies have been actively conducted. Building information modeling (BIM) technology using advanced equipment is considered promising for future construction projects. In particular, using a 3D laser scanner, LIDAR is expected to be a solution for future building safety inspections. This work proposes a new method for evaluating building stability using a 3D laser scanner. In this study, an underground parking lot was analyzed using a 3D laser scanner. Further, structural analysis was performed using the finite element method (FEM) by applying the figure and geometry data acquired from the laser scan. This process includes surveying the modeled point cloud data of the scanned building, such as identifying the relative deflection of the floor slab, and the sectional shape and inclination of the column. Consequently, safety diagnosis was performed using the original evaluation criteria. This confirms that it is precise and efficient to use a 3D laser scanner for building stability assessment. This paper presents a digital point cloud-based approach using a 3D laser scanner to evaluate the stability of buildings.

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Majstorović, Nemanja, Luka Čerče, Davorin Kramar, Mirko Soković, Branislav Glišić, Vidosav Majstorović, and Srđan Živković. "Examination of Scanner Precision by Analysing Orthodontic Parameters." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2017-0005.

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Summary Background: 3D modelling in orthodontics is becoming an increasingly widespread technique in practice. One of the significant questions already being asked is related to determining the precision of the scanner used for generating surfaces on a 3D model of the jaw. Materials and methods: This research was conducted by generating a set of identical 3D models on Atos optical 3D scanner and Lazak Scan laboratory scanner, which precision was established by measuring a set of orthodontic parameters (54 overall) in all three orthodontic planes. In this manner we explored their precision in space, since they are used for generating spatial models – 3D jaws. Results: There were significant differences between parameters scanned with Atos and Lazak Scan. The smallest difference was 0.017 mm, and the biggest 1.109 mm. Conclusion: This research reveals that both scanners (Atos and Lazak Scan), which belong to general purpose scanners, based on precision parameters can be used in orthodontics. Early analyses indicate that the reference scanner in terms of precision is Atos.

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Syed Abdullah, Sharifah Lailaton Khadijah, and Siti Kamisah Mohd Yusof. "Generating a 3D Model Parking Lot by using Terrestrial Laser Scanner." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 34, no. 3 (May 30, 2022): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2022-34(3)-08.

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Nowadays, the usages of Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) have been practise widely use in the mapping and modelling of varies field. This is because of the advantages that TLS provided; such as speed in data collecting, high accuracy as well as saving time. One of the main technologies of TLS is by producing a 3 Dimension (3D) that can be analysed from a surface of an object and form of the real world. TLS is practically use in Civil Engineering or Geographic Information System (GIS) for objects modelling and reviewing tunnels volume whereas for Archaeology it be used by maintaining the details of cultural heritage. However, TLS has not been analysed in 3D for the parking area. The main purpose of this study took place is to prove the ability of TLS in producing and analysing into 3D modelling for this particular area. The study has been done at the parking lot of the Department of Survey and Mapping (JUPEM), Kuala Lumpur. The methods that been used for this study are by using a 3D Terrestrial Laser scanner (TLS), Leica Scan Station C10, image point cloud registration, 3D modelling, Cyclone software, parametric modelling 3D and Autodesk Revit. From this study, it helps the JUPEM department in producing 3D detailing plan as well as speed up the outcome of retrieving details for an object and can be presented in tangible form without physically going to the particular area or a site. Therefore, with this introduction of 3D modelling technology towards the relevant fields, it can help others in solving problems for internal infrastructure for buildings and structures.

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Gao, X., M. Li, L. Xing, and Y. Liu. "JOINT CALIBRATION OF 3D LASER SCANNER AND DIGITAL CAMERA BASED ON DLT ALGORITHM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-377-2018.

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Design a calibration target that can be scanned by 3D laser scanner while shot by digital camera, achieving point cloud and photos of a same target. A method to joint calibrate 3D laser scanner and digital camera based on Direct Linear Transformation algorithm was proposed. This method adds a distortion model of digital camera to traditional DLT algorithm, after repeating iteration, it can solve the inner and external position element of the camera as well as the joint calibration of 3D laser scanner and digital camera. It comes to prove that this method is reliable.

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Reddy, Kalyan E., Edward D. Light, Danny J. Rivera, Joseph A. Kisslo, and Stephen W. Smith. "Color Doppler Imaging of Cardiac Catheters Using Vibrating Motors." Ultrasonic Imaging 30, no. 4 (October 2008): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016173460803000408.

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A miniature motor rotating at 11,000 rpm was attached onto the proximal end of cardiac electrophysiological (EP) catheters in order to produce vibrations at the tip that were then visualized by color Doppler on ultrasound scanners. The catheter tip was imaged within a vascular graft submerged in a water tank using the Volumetrics Medical Imaging 3D scanner, the Siemens Sonoline Antares 2D scanner and the Philips ie33 3D ultrasound scanner with TEE probe. The vibrating catheter tip was visualized in each case, although results varied with the color Doppler properties of the individual scanner.

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Ali, Norhan, Emad Mohamed Tolba, and Maha Amer. "Accuracy of Guided Implant Surgery in the Partially Edentulous Jaw Using Digital impression versus Desktop Scanner and CBCT cast scan: Randomized Clinical Trial." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 11, no. D (February 1, 2023): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11379.

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AIM: The aim of the study is to compare the accuracy of surgical guided implant produced by intraoral scanner, desktop scanner, and CBCT cast scan. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 63 dental implants were placed using 14 surgical guides. A total of 15 subjects, eight males and seven females (eight bilateral cases and seven unliteral cases), with mean age of 45 years (38–55 years) were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into three groups (n = 21 each): Group 1: Surgical guide manufactured using intraoral digital impression. Group 2: Surgical guide manufactured using model cast scanning by CBCT while Group 3: Surgical guide manufactured using model cast scanning by desktop scanner the linear and angular deviations of inserted planned implants were measured. RESULTS: In the intraoral scan group, the mean angular deviation, platform 3D deviation, apical 3D deviation, and vertical deviation were 2.5°, 0.7 mm, 1.1 mm, and 0.6 mm, respectively. While in desktop scanner group, the mean angular deviation, platform 3D deviation, apical 3D deviation, and vertical deviation were 2.6°, 0.1 mm, 1.1 mm, and 1.1 mm, respectively. In the CBCT scan group, the mean angular deviation, 3D platform deviation, 3D apical deviation, and vertical deviation were 3.5°, 1.3 mm, 1.6 mm, and 1.7 mm, respectively. There is no statistically significance difference between intraoral scanner, CBCT cast scan, and desktop scanning on implant deviation that was observed. CONCLUSION: There was no statistically significance difference between intraoral scanner, CBCT cast scan, and desktop scanning on implant deviation that was observed although IOS shows better accuracy and least mean angular deviation.

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Carvalho, William S., Viviane de S. M. Almeida, Leonardo Provedel, Anderson da S. Maciel, and Viviane A. Sarmento. "Volumetric Evaluation of 3D Models Generated by Different Surface Treatment Protocols." European Journal of Dental and Oral Health 3, no. 5 (December 23, 2022): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejdent.2022.3.5.229.

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The objective of this study was to compare the volume of three-dimensional (3D) models generated by different scanners and computational modeling protocols. Eight dry mandibles were scanned by five different computed tomography (CT) scanners and by a 3D-scanner. Three-dimensional models were generated, received different surface treatment processes, and the final volume of the 3D models was compared. The results show that there was no significant difference among the volume of the 3D models generated by the different CT scanners and surface treatment techniques, however, the model volume generated by the 3D-scanner show the highest volume. It can be concluded that the different combinations of surface treatment protocols did not determine differences in the model volume generated by different CT and CBCT scanners and that the 3D-scanner determined the highest volume models.

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Liu, Bin, Qian Qiao, and Fangfang Han. "Rapid Calibration Method for 3D Laser Scanner." Recent Patents on Engineering 14, no. 2 (October 29, 2020): 234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1872212113666191016140122.

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Background: The 3D laser scanner is a non-contact active-sensing system, which has a number of applications. Many patents have been filed on the technologies for calibrating 3D laser scanner. A precise calibration method is important for measuring the accuracy of the 3D laser scanner. The system model contains three categories of parameters to be calibrated which include the camera intrinsic parameters, distortion coefficients and the light plane parameters. Typically, the calibration process is completed in two steps. Based on Zhang’s method, the calibration of the camera intrinsic parameters and distortion coefficients can be performed. Then, 3D feature points on the light plane should precisely be formed and extracted. Finally, the points are used to calculate the light plane parameters. Methods: In this paper, a rapid calibration method is presented. Without any high precision auxiliary device, only one coplanar reference target is used. By using a group of captured images of the coplanar reference target placed in the field of view arbitrarily, calibration can be performed in one step. Based on the constraint from the planes formed by the target in different directions and the camera imaging model, a large amount of 3D points on the light plane can easily be obtained. The light plane equation in the camera coordinates system can be gathered by executing plane fitting to the 3D points. Results: During the experimental process, the developed 3D laser scanner was calibrated by the proposed method. Then, the measuring accuracy of the system was verified with known distance in vertical direction of 1mm with sequential shifting motion generated by precision translation stage. The average value of the measured distances was found to be 1.010mm. The standard deviation was 0.008mm. Conclusion: Experimental results prove that the proposed calibration method is simple and reliable.

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Phan, Lam Huynh, Nam Thanh Nguyen, and Duy Van Pham. "Errors reducing method of Laser 3D scanner." Science and Technology Development Journal 17, no. 1 (March 31, 2014): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v17i1.1293.

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This paper presents the factors that influence the form scanning processing by using the laser: light ambient, scanning surface, motion axial, focal length of the camera. This paper will present the method to reduce the error of the environment by using the camera calibration algorithms and the coordinate movements. This errors reducing method to solve the problem from local to genera: from solving errors created by the curve of the cameras to the laser-line width, to the dark gray threshold of the images by the camera aperture and coupling 2- movement axis to scanning-coupling more effectively.

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Elbrecht, Pirjo, Jaak Henno, and Knut Joosep Palm. "Body Measurements Extraction from 3D Scanner Data." Applied Mechanics and Materials 339 (July 2013): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.339.372.

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The growing power of computing, development of methods of 3D graphics for human body modeling and simulation together with development of 3D image capture technologies using 3D scanners has caused rapid development of digital tailoring - a complex of methods where made-to-measure clothing is produced starting with 3D scanning of a customer, extraction of essential measurements from obtained data cloud and then automatic production of a garment corresponding to exact measures of the customer. Extraction of exact measures from the ca 200000 data points produced by 3D scanner is a complex problem and not yet well investigated.

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YOKOYAMA, Shin, and Fumito CHIBA. "Development of 3D Scanner for Archaeological Artifacts." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 88, no. 8 (August 5, 2022): 614–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.88.614.

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Shiozawa, Hideto, Takeshi Yoshida, Takanori Fukao, and Yasuyoshi Yokokohji. "3D Reconstruction using Airbone Velodyne Laser Scanner." Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 31, no. 10 (2013): 992–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.31.992.

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Riehemann, Stefan, Martin Palme, Peter Kuehmstedt, Constanze Grossmann, Gunther Notni, and Josef Hintersehr. "Microdisplay-Based Intraoral 3D Scanner for Dentistry." Journal of Display Technology 7, no. 3 (March 2011): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jdt.2010.2096799.

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TAKAMATSU, Sumio, Hiroyuki UKIDA, and Katsunobu KONISHI. "3D Shape Reconstruction using Stereo Image Scanner." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2003.7 (2003): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2003.7.0_239.

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Borghese, N. A., G. Ferrigno, G. Baroni, A. Pedotti, S. Ferrari, and R. Savare. "Autoscan: a flexible and portable 3D scanner." IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 18, no. 3 (1998): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/38.674970.

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Hsieh, Ho-Hui, Yu-Ching Ni, Chia-Hao Chang, Yu-Hsiang Shen, Zhi-Kun Lin, Shiang-Lin Hsu, and Fan-Pin Tseng. "Mathematical observer for 3D radiographic scanner design." Applied Mathematical Modelling 53 (January 2018): 722–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2017.09.021.

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Košinová, Klára, Jiří Turek, Jan Cukor, Rostislav Linda, Martin Häckel, and Vlastimil Hart. "The Application of 3D Imaging as an Appropriate Method of Wildlife Craniometry: Evaluation of Accuracy and Measurement Efficiency." Animals 12, no. 23 (November 23, 2022): 3256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12233256.

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The suitability of CT and 3D scanners for craniometric proposes was tested using digital calipers when determining linear measurements, and a measuring cylinder was used for the accuracy of 3D printing of deer antlers obtained by the CT and 3D scanners. The resolution of digitized objects from a 3D scanner ranged from 0.008 mm to 0.122 mm. For mandibular dimensions, a positive deviation (p < 0.01) from the primary control measurement was recorded. The average antler volume measured with the cylinder was 60.47 cm3 at the first measurement, in the case of the CT scanner 61.62 cm3 and for the 3D scanner 64.76 cm3—both technologies exhibit a positive deviation from the primary measurement. Precise sensing and measurements can be used to evaluate the quality and evolution of wildlife populations, create digital museum collections, or to examine in detail certain traits such as antler and horn development or dentition.

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Mikita, Tomáš, Dominika Krausková, Petr Hrůza, Miloš Cibulka, and Zdeněk Patočka. "Forest Road Wearing Course Damage Assessment Possibilities with Different Types of Laser Scanning Methods Including New iPhone LiDAR Scanning Apps." Forests 13, no. 11 (October 26, 2022): 1763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13111763.

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Forests make up 34.1% of the Czech Republic total area and forest roads account for nearly the same length (47,465 km) as all other roads administered by the state and its regions (55,738 km). Forest roads are not as intensively used as other roads. On the other hand, as logging trucks carry the maximum permitted load on roads and forests create a specific microclimate, forest roads are subject to rapid wear. A road wearing course is generally designed for 20 years of service and for a maximum damage level of 25% before they are supposed to be reconstructed. To ensure this life cycle is adhered to, more efficient, faster, and more flexible surface damage detection adaptable for forest environment is needed. As smartphones and their optical devices, i.e., new iPhones with LiDAR sensors, become more advanced, the option arises to perform laser scanning on road surfaces using smartphones applications. This work aimed to test this technology and its precision applicability to assessing damage to a forest wearing course and compare it with another hand-held personal laser scanner (PLShh), represented in this study by GeoSLAM ZEB Horizon scanner, and more precise terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology, represented in this study by Faro Focus 3D laser scanner, which have started to replace tacheometric wearing course damage surveying thanks to their greater precision. So, this study involved a comparison of three alternative laser scanning methods focused especially on these, which are implemented in new iPhones for tacheometric surveying. First, a Faro Focus 3D laser scanner was used for the TLS method. Second, the PLShh method was tested on a GeoSLAM ZEB Horizon scanner. Third, another PLShh method using an iPhone 13 Pro with applications 3D Scanner and Polycam was evaluated. If we are comparing positional height accuracy of PLShh to tacheometric surveying on reference cross position height coordinates, ZEB Horizon achieved devXY and devZ RMSE 0.108 m; 0.025 m; iPhone 13 Pro with 3D Scanner app devXY and devZ RMSE 0.185 m; 0.021 m, and with Polycam app devXY and devZ RMSE 0.31 m; 0.045. TLS achieved the best results with devXY RMSE 0.049 and devZ RMSE 0.0077. The results confirm that only the TLS scanner achieves precision values in height differences applicable for an assessment of forest road wearing course damage measurement comparable with tacheometric surveying. Surprisingly, comparing the PLShh scanners to the TLS technology, they achieved interesting results, comparing their transverse profiles and 3D objects as digital surface models (DSM) of the road to TLS in height position. In transverse profiles, ZEB Horizon achieved devZ RMSE 0.032 m; iPhone 13 Pro with 3D Scanner app devZ RMSE 0.017 m, and with Polycam app devZ RMSE 0.041 m compared to the TLS method measured using a Faro Focus 3D static laser scanner. Comparing forest road DSM to Faro Focus 3D, ZEB Horizon achieved devZ RMSE 0.028 m; iPhone 13 Pro with 3D Scanner app devZ RMSE 0.018 m and with Polycam devZ RMSE 0.041 m. These results in height differences show that the height accuracy of PLShh achieves precision, which is applicable to determining the current shape of forest road wearing course compared to the required roof shape gradient. However, further testing provided the insight that such a kind of PLShh measurement is still only possible to use for the identification of a transverse profile shape, as in length measurement the length error increases. All PLShh are able to capture the current shape of forest road cross profile, but still they cannot be used for any design or calculation of material measurement needed for wearing course repair.

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Mezian, c., Bruno Vallet, Bahman Soheilian, and Nicolas Paparoditis. "UNCERTAINTY PROPAGATION FOR TERRESTRIAL MOBILE LASER SCANNER." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B3 (June 9, 2016): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b3-331-2016.

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Laser scanners are used more and more in mobile mapping systems. They provide 3D point clouds that are used for object reconstruction and registration of the system. For both of those applications, uncertainty analysis of 3D points is of great interest but rarely investigated in the literature. In this paper we present a complete pipeline that takes into account all the sources of uncertainties and allows to compute a covariance matrix per 3D point. The sources of uncertainties are laser scanner, calibration of the scanner in relation to the vehicle and direct georeferencing system. We suppose that all the uncertainties follow the Gaussian law. The variances of the laser scanner measurements (two angles and one distance) are usually evaluated by the constructors. This is also the case for integrated direct georeferencing devices. Residuals of the calibration process were used to estimate the covariance matrix of the 6D transformation between scanner laser and the vehicle system. Knowing the variances of all sources of uncertainties, we applied uncertainty propagation technique to compute the variance-covariance matrix of every obtained 3D point. Such an uncertainty analysis enables to estimate the impact of different laser scanners and georeferencing devices on the quality of obtained 3D points. The obtained uncertainty values were illustrated using error ellipsoids on different datasets.

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Mezian, c., Bruno Vallet, Bahman Soheilian, and Nicolas Paparoditis. "UNCERTAINTY PROPAGATION FOR TERRESTRIAL MOBILE LASER SCANNER." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B3 (June 9, 2016): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b3-331-2016.

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Laser scanners are used more and more in mobile mapping systems. They provide 3D point clouds that are used for object reconstruction and registration of the system. For both of those applications, uncertainty analysis of 3D points is of great interest but rarely investigated in the literature. In this paper we present a complete pipeline that takes into account all the sources of uncertainties and allows to compute a covariance matrix per 3D point. The sources of uncertainties are laser scanner, calibration of the scanner in relation to the vehicle and direct georeferencing system. We suppose that all the uncertainties follow the Gaussian law. The variances of the laser scanner measurements (two angles and one distance) are usually evaluated by the constructors. This is also the case for integrated direct georeferencing devices. Residuals of the calibration process were used to estimate the covariance matrix of the 6D transformation between scanner laser and the vehicle system. Knowing the variances of all sources of uncertainties, we applied uncertainty propagation technique to compute the variance-covariance matrix of every obtained 3D point. Such an uncertainty analysis enables to estimate the impact of different laser scanners and georeferencing devices on the quality of obtained 3D points. The obtained uncertainty values were illustrated using error ellipsoids on different datasets.

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Martins, Jorge N. R., Ricardo Pinto, Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva, Marco Simões-Carvalho, Duarte Marques, Rui F. Martins, and Marco A. Versiani. "3D Surface Scanning—A Novel Protocol to Characterize Virtual Nickel–Titanium Endodontic Instruments." Materials 16, no. 10 (May 10, 2023): 3636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16103636.

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The nickel–titanium (NiTi) instruments’ geometry plays an important role in their performance and behavior. The present assessment intends to validate and test the applicability of a 3D surface scanning method using a high-resolution laboratory-based optical scanner to create reliable virtual models of NiTi instruments. Sixteen instruments were scanned using a 12-megapixel optical 3D scanner, and methodological validation was performed by comparing quantitative and qualitative measurements of specific dimensions and identifying some geometric features of the 3D models with images obtained through scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the reproducibility of the method was assessed by calculating 2D and 3D parameters of three different instruments twice. The quality of the 3D models created by two different optical scanners and a micro-CT device was compared. The 3D surface scanning method using the high-resolution laboratory-based optical scanner allowed for the creation of reliable and precise virtual models of different NiTi instruments with discrepancies varying from 0.0002 to 0.0182 mm. The reproducibility of measurements performed with this method was high, and the acquired virtual models were adequate for use in in silico experiments, as well as for commercial or educational purposes. The quality of the 3D model obtained using the high-resolution optical scanner was superior to that acquired by micro-CT technology. The ability to superimpose virtual models of scanned instruments and apply them in Finite Element Analysis and educational purposes was also demonstrated.

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Journal articles on the topic '3D-Scanner'

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