Relevant bibliographies by topics / 3d scanning / Dissertations / Theses
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: 3d scanning.

Dissertations / Theses on the topic '3d scanning'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 March 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic '3d scanning.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Svahn, Stefan. "3D-scanning : Volymberäkning vid scanning av bergvägg." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33349.

Full text
Abstract:
Scanning är ett verktyg som har utvecklats mycket och används mer och mer inom geodetisk mätning. Instrumenten har blivit mer pålitliga med högre kvalité på resultaten, därför är det viktigt att eliminera de problem som kan skada scanningens pålitlighet. Det problemet som ska undersökas och testas i det här examensarbetet uppstår när man till exempel scannar en bergvägg. Man vill få en så lik avbildning av bergväggen som möjligt för att sedan kunna göra volymberäkningar emot bergväggen. Avbildningen av bergväggen består av ett moln av punkter som tillsammans skapar en 3D-modell av bergväggen.   Om det ska fyllas med betong emot bergväggen så måste man veta vilken volym betong det kommer gå åt, därför är det viktigt att modellen av bergväggen stämmer. Problemet är att modellen kan visa sig att vara fel beroende på hur man har scannat. Det är när bergväggen är så pass ojämn och att man inte kan scanna från alla vinklar som det uppstår så kallade skuggor i modellen, en hålighet i berget kan då i modellen istället vara fylld. Detta gör att det går åt mer volym när man ska fylla igen vilket kan bli dyrt för alla inblandade.   För att testa detta ska flera olika metoder testas under arbetet, olika typer av instrument, täthet mellan punkter, olika infallsvinklar och manuell scanning. Det som är intressant att se är hur pass mycket metoderna skiljer sig mellan varandra och genom att jämföra dessa så kan man få fram ett resultat som visar vilken metod som är mest trovärdig.   Arbetets resultat och analys finns att läsa senare i den här rapporten där man också får svar hur arbetet genomfördes och hur metoderna skilde sig emot varnadra.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Weise, Thibaut. "Real-time 3D scanning." Konstanz Hartung-Gorre, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000182894/04.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Møller, Christian Nicolai. "Scanning slit 3D displays." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613824.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Persson, Angelica, and Amanda Lindewald. "Extraoral 3D-scanning - conformity between extraoral 3D scanning and clinical measurements of the face." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42624.

Full text
Abstract:
Aim: To use the extraoral scanner 3D Sense in practice and compare the measurements on scanned material with conventional, direct clinical measurements. This is to evaluate if extraoral scanning can replace a clinical examination and extraoral 2D photography. Material & method: Fifteen adults at the Faculty of Odontology were recruited for the study. Five determined landmarks were marked in the faces of the subjects. Direct clinical measurements were performed between the landmarks of every subject and used as a reference. The subjects' faces were scanned and the same distances were measured in the scans. Differences in measurements of the two methods were conducted in a paired t-test. Intra- and inter operator differences were calculated for all distances. Intraclass correlations were used to describe to what extent subjects in the same group resemble each other.  Results: Conformity of direct clinical measurements and measurements on scanned material varied between the mean difference of 0,22-5,13 mm. Intra- and inter operator ICC was overall excellent. Conclusion: The measurements between the landmarks pronasale (prn) and pogonion (pg) was the only distance with no statistical significant difference between the two methods. The 3D Sense shows decreasing conformity to clinical measurements with increasing distances. Inter operator ICC shows excellent values and measuring on scanned material can be regarded as a reproducible method. The results indicate clinical acceptance for use of 3D Sense for some purposes in odontology. 3D Sense has been validated in-vitro and analyzed in-vivo. The studies have established the 3D Sense’s adequacy in odontology.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Eren, Gönen. "3D scanning of transparent objects." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00584061.

Full text
Abstract:
Many practical tasks in industry, such as automatic inspection or robot vision, often require scanning of three-dimensional shapes with non-contact techniques. However, transparent objects, such as those made of glass, still pose difficulties for classical scanning techniques. The reconstruction of surface geometry for transparent objects is complicated by the fact that light is transmitted through, refracted and in some cases reflected by the surface. Current approaches can only deal relatively well with sub-classes of objects. The algorithms are still very specific and not generally applicable. Furthermore, many techniques require considerable acquisition effort and careful calibration. This thesis proposes a new method of determining the surface shape of transparent objects. The method is based on local surface heating and thermal imaging. First, the surface of the object is heated with a laser source. A thermal image is acquired, and pixel coordinates of the heated point are calculated. Then, the 3D coordinates of the surface are computed using triangulation and the initial calibration of the system. The process is repeated by moving the transparent object to recover its surface shape. This method is called Scanning From Heating. Considering the laser beam as a point heating source and the surface of the object locally flat at the impact zone, the Scanning From Heating method is extended to obtain the surface normals of the object, in addition to the 3D world coordinates. A scanner prototype based on Scanning From Heating method has been developed during the thesis.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Törnblom, Nils. "Underwater 3D Surface Scanning using Structured Light." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Centrum för bildanalys, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-138205.

Full text
Abstract:
In this thesis project, an underwater 3D scanner based on structured light has been constructed and developed. Two other scanners, based on stereoscopy and a line-swept laser, were also tested. The target application is to examine objects inside the water filled reactor vessel of nuclear power plants. Structured light systems (SLS) use a projector to illuminate the surface of the scanned object, and a camera to capture the surfaces' reflection. By projecting a series of specific line-patterns, the pixel columns of the digital projector can be identified off the scanned surface. 3D points can then be triangulated using ray-plane intersection. These points form the basis the final 3D model. To construct an accurate 3D model of the scanned surface, both the projector and the camera need to be calibrated. In the implemented 3D scanner, this was done using the Camera Calibration Toolbox for Matlab. The codebase of this scanner comes from the Matlab implementation by Lanman & Taubin at Brown University. The code has been modified and extended to meet the needs of this project. An examination of the effects of the underwater environment has been performed, both theoretically and experimentally. The performance of the scanner has been analyzed, and different 3D model visualization methods have been tested. In the constructed scanner, a small pico projector was used together with a high pixel count DSLR camera. Because these are both consumer level products, the cost of this system is just a fraction of commercial counterparts, which uses professional components. Yet, thanks to the use of a high pixel count camera, the measurement resolution of the scanner is comparable to the high-end of industrial structured light scanners.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Persson, Angelica, and Amanda Lindewald. "3D - Sense reliability and reproducibility. Accuracy evaluation of extraoral 3D facial scanning." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19611.

Full text
Abstract:
Aim: The aim of this study was to validate the 3D Sense scanner to evaluate its accuracy and eventual use in odontology. Method: In this study, a model of a head was created with anthropometric landmarks. The 3D Sense scanner was used for examinations of distances and angle accuracy. The results of the 3D Sense scan were then compared to a reference master model to get the standard deviation and reliability of the 3D Sense scanner. Results: The 3D Sense scanner showed a varying accuracy depending on the positioning and distance between the measuring points on the model. The best perception of the 3D Sense proved to be when the scanner was held still in a static position. The more movement of the scanner, the less accurate result. Conclusion: The present 3D scan analysis of 3D Sense proved overall a good reliability and reproducibility. To implement the 3D Sense scanner in odontological treatment, further studies are needed with refined technique in order to get all of the measurement accurate.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Reicher, Robin. "Robot based 3D scanning and recognition of workpieces." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-21276.

Full text
Abstract:
Quality inspection of a product is central of many manufacturing processes. While inspection on flat surfaces can be made fairly autonomous today, highly reflective free-form objects is problematic in many ways. This thesis is one part out of a two-part project investigating in an autonomous way to recognize, model, store relevant information and inspect these kind of work pieces. This part will focus on the recognition, modeling and database design. The system, established in this thesis will use a robotic manipulator, an industrial camera and the handheld 3-D scanner Exascanner. We present a methodology for preparing a work piece to be inspected autonomously and a simple implementation of the proposed methodology. The implementation recognizes workpieces with a support vector machine trained on histogram of oriented gradients features. These features are extracted from several pictures taken from different angles around the workpiece. The use of different angles are to make the classifier more versatile and robust to object being rotated or moved. If the workpeice is not recognized a spiral shaped dome path is created, scaled with the help of the pictures already taken. This shape helps ensuring a high quality scan of objects were there is no shape information to be used. The robotic manipulator is used to move the scanner along the path around the object, creating a surface profile of the object. This profile is built up of triangular facets of various size and needs to be processed before inspection of the surface can be made. A recursive splitting algorithm is used to make the facets as equilateral as possible and to make their size more suitable for the viewing range of the surface inspection camera. As a final step this information is stored in a database to be used later as support during inspection.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Ngan, Wai Kit Addy 1979. "Image-based 3D scanning system using opacity hulls." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87358.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-80).
by Wai Kit Addy Ngan.
S.M.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Skog, Johan. "Combining X-ray and 3D scanning of logs." Licentiate thesis, Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2009. http://pure.ltu.se/ws/fbspretrieve/2973351.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

Möller, Björn. "Full frame 3D snapshot : Possibilities and limitations of 3D image acquisition without scanning." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2857.

Full text
Abstract:

An investigation was initiated, targeting snapshot 3D image sensors, with the objective to match the speed and resolution of a scanning sheet-of-light system, without using a scanning motion. The goal was a system capable of acquiring 25 snapshot images per second from a quadratic scene with a side from 50 mm to 1000 mm, sampled in 512×512 height measurement points, and with a depth resolution of 1 µm and beyond.

A wide search of information about existing 3D measurement techniques resulted in a list of possible schemes, each presented with its advantages and disadvantages. No single scheme proved successful in meeting all the requirements. Pulse modulated time-of-flight is the only scheme capable of depth imaging by using only one exposure. However, a resolution of 1 µm corresponds to a pulse edge detection accuracy of 6.67 fs when visible light or other electromagnetic waves are used. Sequentially coded light projections require a logarithmic number of exposures. By projecting several patterns at the same time, using for instance light of different colours, the required number of exposures is reduced even further. The patterns are, however, not as well focused as a laser sheet-of-light can be.

Using powerful architectural concepts such as matrix array picture processing (MAPP) and near-sensor image processing (NSIP) a sensor proposal was presented, designed to give as much support as possible to a large number of 3D imaging schemes. It allows for delayed decisions about details in the future implementation.

It is necessary to relax at leastone of the demands for this project in order to realise a working 3D imaging scheme using concurrent technology. One of the candidates for relaxation is the most obvious demand of snapshot behaviour. Furthermore, there are a number of decisions to make before designing an actual system using the recommendations presented in this thesis. The ongoing development of electronics, optics, and imaging schemes might be able to meet the 3D snapshot demands in a near future. The details of light sensing electronics must be carefully evaluated and the optical components such as lenses, projectors, and fibres should be studied in detail.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

Moberg, Johan. "3d scanner : Accuracy, performance and challenges with a low cost 3d scanning platform." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226668.

Full text
Abstract:
3d scanning of objects and the surroundings have many practical uses. During the last decade reduced cost and increased performance has made them more accessible to larger consumer groups. The price point is still however high, where popular scanners are in the price range 30,000 USD-50,000 USD. The objective of this thesis is to investigate the accuracy and limitations of time-of-flight laser scanners and compare them to the results acquired with a low cost platform constructed with consumer grade parts. For validation purposes the constructed 3d scanner will be put through several tests to measure its accuracy and ability to create realistic representations of its environment.The constructed demonstrator produced significantly less accurate results and scanning time was much longer compared to a popular competitor. This was mainly due to the cheaper laser sensor and not the mechanical construction itself. There are however many applications where higher accuracy is not essential and with some modifications, a low cost solution could have many potential use cases, especially since it only costs 1% of the compared product.
3d skanning av föremål och omgivningen har många praktiska användningsområden. Under det senaste årtiondet har sjunkande priser och nya tekniker möjliggjort att större grupper fått tillgång till tekniken. Utrustningen är dock fortfarande relativt kostsam, populära skanners kostar mellan 300 000 - 500 000 kr. Syftet med denna uppsats är att utvärdera och granska noggranheten hos 3d skanning baserat på time-of-flight teknologi och jämföra resultatet med en billig platform baserad på konsumentprodukter. För att utvärdera processen konstrueras en 3d skanner som sedan genomgår flertalet tester i syfte att undersöka noggrannheten och förmågan att skapa en verklighetstrogen modell.Den konstruerade 3d skannern hade betydligt lägre noggrannhet och skanningen tog längre tid jämfört med en populär produkt på marknaden. Detta beror i huvudsak på den billigare lasersensorn och inte på den mekaniska konstruktionen. Däremot finns det många användningsområden där väldigt hög noggranhet inte är nödvändig. Med vissa förändringar skulle lågkostnadsplattformen kunna ha många användningsområden, i synnerhet då den bara kostar 1% av den jämförda produkten.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

Lundgren, Therese. "Digitizing the Parthenon using 3D Scanning : Managing Huge Datasets." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2636.

Full text
Abstract:

Digitizing objects and environments from real world has become an important part of creating realistic computer graphics. Through the use of structured lighting and laser time-of-flight measurements the capturing of geometric models is now a common process. The result are visualizations where viewers gain new possibilities for both visual and intellectual experiences.

This thesis presents the reconstruction of the Parthenon temple and its environment in Athens, Greece by using a 3D laser-scanning technique.

In order to reconstruct a realistic model using 3D scanning techniques there are various phases in which the acquired datasets have to be processed. The data has to be organized, registered and integrated in addition to pre and post processing. This thesis describes the development of a suitable and efficient data processing pipeline for the given data.

The approach differs from previous scanning projects considering digitizing this large scale object at very high resolution. In particular the issue managing and processing huge datasets is described.

Finally, the processing of the datasets in the different phases and the resulting 3D model of the Parthenon is presented and evaluated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

Abdelmajid, Yezeed. "Investigation and Comparison of 3D Laser Scanning Software Packages." Thesis, KTH, Geodesi och geoinformatik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102421.

Full text
Abstract:
Laser scanning technologies has become an important tool in many engineering projects and applications. The output of laser measuring is the point cloud, which is processed in a way that makes it suitable for different applications. Processing of point cloud data is achieved through laser scanning software packages. Depending on the field of application, these packages have many different kinds of functions and methods that can be used. The main processing tasks used on a laser scanning software package include registration, modelling and texture mapping. Investigation and comparison of two laser scanning processing packages (Leica Cyclone and InnovMetric PolyWorks) are performed in this study. The theoretical and mathematical backgrounds of the above functions are presented and discussed. The available methods and functions used by each of the packages for these tasks are addressed and discussed. By using sample data, these functions are trailed and their results are compared and analyzed. The results from registration tests show the same results on both packages for the registration using target methods. Although, the results of cloud-to-cloud registration show some deviation from target registration results, they are more close to each other in both packages than to the target registration results. This indicates the efficiency of cloud-to-cloud methods in averaging the total registration error on all used points, unlike target registration methods. The modelling tests show more differences in the accuracy of generated models between the two packages. For both fitting and surface construction methods, PolyWorks showed better results and capabilities for three-dimensional modelling. As a result, the advantages and disadvantages of each package are presented in relation with the used task and methods, and a review of data exchange abilities is presented.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

Held, Christoph. "Creating 3D models of cultural heritage sites with terrestrial laser scanning and 3D imaging." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12076.

Full text
Abstract:
Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
The advent of terrestrial laser-scanners made the digital preservation of cultural heritage sites an affordable technique to produce accurate and detailed 3D-computermodel representations for any kind of 3D-objects, such as buildings, infrastructure, and even entire landscapes. However, one of the key issues with this technique is the large amount of recorded points; a problem which was even more intensified by the recent advances in laser-scanning technology, which increased the data acquisition rate from 25 thousand to 1 million points per second. The following research presents a workflow for the processing of large-volume laser-scanning data, with a special focus on the needs of the Zamani initiative. The research project, based at the University of Cape Town, spatially documents African Cultural Heritage sites and Landscapes and produces meshed 3D models, of various, historically important objects, such as fortresses, mosques, churches, castles, palaces, rock art shelters, statues, stelae and even landscapes.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
16

Nagaraja, Chetan. "Implementation of 3D Imaging for Two-photon Laser Scanning Microscopy." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-129479.

Full text
Abstract:

Information exchange between neural systems occurs at the level of populations of neurons. Thus in order to understand how this information exchange occurs, it is indispensible to understand the role of underlying neuronal systems.

Electrophysiological techniques have enhanced our understanding of the nervous system by enabling the study of properties of single ion channels to that of ensembles of neurons. While electrophysiological measurements offer excellent temporal resolution, they lack spatial resolution as this method provides a readout of the electrical signals from single or ensembles of neurons in the vicinity of the electrodes (Scanziani et al, 2009). Imaging techniques have gained a lot of prominence because they are non-invasive and provides excellent spatial resolution (Scanziani et al, 2009). The advent of fluorescent genetically encoded optical probes and other fluorescent synthetic indicators has enabled the study of network functions of neurons (Handel et al, 2008). There are various imaging techniques but the one most suited to study network activity is Multiphoton emission (MPE) microscopy because of its ability to image at greater depths in the tissue. In particular, the most popular and extensively used method in this class is the 2-Photon Microscopy. Imaging method suntil recently have employed 2D scanning at planes normal to the light axis. It is known that processing of information occurs at local ensembles of neurons, hence obtaining population activity in a volume of interest is of greater relevance. This has been possible with the technological advancements over the past couple of years (Gobel et al,2007).

The aim of this thesis is to implement a fast 3D scanning algorithm using 2-photon microscopy to measure the activity patterns of neuronal ensembles. Further, this technique could be used in order to relate the activity of neurons with the behavioral output.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
17

Tam, Chung-yan Candy. "Study of rock joint roughness using 3D laser scanning technique." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b40203487.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
18

Neiß, (Neiss) Michael, B. Sholts Sabrina, and Sebastian K. T. S. Wärmländer. "3D laser scanning as a tool for Viking Age studies." Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-180568.

Full text
Abstract:
Three-dimensional (3D) laser scanners are becoming increasingly more affordable and user-friendly, making 3D-modeling tools more widely available to researchers in various countries and disciplines. In archaeology, 3D-modeling has the particular advantages of facilitating the documentation and analysis of objects that are fragile, rare, and often difficult to access. We have previously shown that 3D-modeling is a highly useful tool for shape analysis of archaeological bone material, due to the high measurement accuracy inherent in the latest generation of 3D laser scanners (Sholts et al. 2010; 2011). In this work, we explore the utility of 3D-modeling as a tool for Viking Age artefact analysis. To test the usefulness of 3D-modeling when analyzing artefacts with a very complex morphology, we chose highly ornate Viking Age baroque shaped brooches as study objects. These baroque shaped brooches constitute a group of dress ornaments mainly encountered in eastern Viking Age Scandinavia. Due to their large cast and/or attached bosses they obtain an almost baroque appearance, hence their name (cf. Jansson 1984: p. 81). They appear in two major versions, i.e. circular or equal armed, and in two kinds of material, i.e. silver- and copper-based alloys. Because of the position of bronze brooches in burial contexts, it appears they were used to fasten the cape or shawl in the female dress (cf. Jansson 1984: p. 75ff., Aagård 1984: p. 96ff.; Neiß 2006, figs. 3, 4; Capelle 1962: p. 106). For the present work a recently excavated brooch from Denmark was analyzed, together with three Russian brooches with nearly iconic status in the field of Viking Age studies. In the three case studies, we investigated possible uses of 3D-modeling for artefact analysis, artefact reconstruction, and tool mark and motif analysis. Exploring the usefulness of 3D-modeling for these purposes allowed us to draw conclusions regarding how 3D-analysis can be best incorporated into future artefact analysis. In addition, the case studies allowed us to gain new insights about the baroque shaped brooches and their uses.

Forskningsfinansiärer: Helge Ax:son Johnsons stiftelse, Svenska institutet (Visby-programmet), Kungliga vitterhets historie och antikvitets akademin (Montelius minnesfond); Svenska fornminnesforeningen


3D-laserskanning som verktyg vid vikingatidsstudier
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
19

Tam, Chung-yan Candy, and 譚頌欣. "Study of rock joint roughness using 3D laser scanning technique." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40203487.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
20

Ososinski, Marek. "Environment perception in the context of 3D terrestrial laser scanning." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/8de63213-6dba-4062-8aca-be0335537b67.

Full text
Abstract:
Terrestrial laser scanning has become a popular way of digitising buildings and complex environments. Laser scanning was adopted as the means of capturing 3D data in many elds, including architecture, engineering and environmental survey. It was only a matter of time for the Heritage sector to start using the technology. This thesis describes the scienti c contributions from the collaboration project that explored the viability of automating the laser data acquisition process. The project concentrated on the reduction of the skill set required by the operator of the laser scanner as well as the improvement of the usability of large datasets. The contributions involved the development of a new data representation method, a new visibility estimation metric and an improved volumetric decimation algorithm.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

Wang, Jian. "High Resolution 2D Imaging and 3D Scanning with Line Sensors." Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10932738.

Full text
Abstract:

In the past few decades, imaging technology has made great strides. From high resolution sensors for photography to 3D scanners in autonomous driving, imaging has become one of the key drivers of the modern society. However, there are still many scenarios where the traditional methods of imaging are woefully inadequate. Examples include high-resolution non-visible light imaging, 3D scanning in the presence of strong ambient light, and imaging through scattering media. In these scenarios, the two classical solutions of single-shot imaging using 2D sensors and point scanning using photodiodes have severe shortcomings in terms of cost, measurement rate and robustness to non-idealities in the imaging process.

The goal of this dissertation is the design of computational imagers that work under traditionally difficult conditions by providing the robustness and economy of point scanning systems along with the speed and resolution of conventional cameras. In order to achieve this goal, we use line sensors or 1D sensors and make three contributions in this dissertation. The first contribution is the design of a line sensor based compressive camera (LiSens) which uses a line sensor and a spatial light modulator for 2D imaging. It can provide a measurement rate that is equal to that of a 2D sensor but with only a fraction of the number of pixels. The second contribution is the design of a dual structured light (DualSL) system which uses a 1D sensor and a 2D projector to achieve 3D scanning with same resolution and performance as traditional structured light system. The third contribution is the design of programmable triangulation light curtains (TriLC) for proximity detection by rotating a 1D sensor and a 1D light source in synchrony. This device detects the presence of objects that intersect a programmable virtual shell around itself. The shape of this virtual shell can be changed during operation and the device can perform under strong sunlight as well as in foggy and smoky environments. We believe that the camera architectures proposed in this dissertation can be used in a wide range of applications, such as autonomous driving cars, field robotics, and underwater exploration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

Emord, Nicholas. "High Speed, Micron Precision Scanning Technology for 3D Printing Applications." UNF Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/821.

Full text
Abstract:
Modern 3D printing technology is becoming a more viable option for use in industrial manufacturing. As the speed and precision of rapid prototyping technology improves, so too must the 3D scanning and verification technology. Current 3D scanning technology (such as CT Scanners) produce the resolution needed for micron precision inspection. However, the method lacks in speed. Some scans can be multiple gigabytes in size taking several minutes to acquire and process. Especially in high volume manufacturing of 3D printed parts, such delays prohibit the widespread adaptation of 3D scanning technology for quality control. The limiting factors of current technology boil down to computational and processing power along with available sensor resolution and operational frequency. Realizing a 3D scanning system that produces micron precision results within a single minute promises to revolutionize the quality control industry. The specific 3D scanning method considered in this thesis utilizes a line profile triangulation sensor with high operational frequency, and a high-precision mechanical actuation apparatus for controlling the scan. By syncing the operational frequency of the sensor to the actuation velocity of the apparatus, a 3D point cloud is rapidly acquired. Processing of the data is then performed using MATLAB on contemporary computing hardware, which includes proper point cloud formatting and implementation of the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm for point cloud stitching. Theoretical and physical experiments are performed to demonstrate the validity of the method. The prototyped system is shown to produce multiple loosely-registered micron precision point clouds of a 3D printed object that are then stitched together to form a full point cloud representative of the original part. This prototype produces micron precision results in approximately 130 seconds, but the experiments illuminate upon the additional investments by which this time could be further reduced to approach the revolutionizing one-minute milestone.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
23

Crabtree, Gärdin David, and Alexander Jimenez. "Optical methods for 3D-reconstruction of railway bridges : Infrared scanning, Close range photogrammetry and Terrestrial laser scanning." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Byggkonstruktion och brand, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-67716.

Full text
Abstract:
The forecast of the next upcoming years estimates a growth of demand in transport. As the railway sector in Europe has developed over many years, the infrastructure presents performance issues because of, among other factors, asset maintenance activities being difficult and time consuming. There are currently 4000 railway bridges in Sweden managed by Trafikverket which are submitted to inspections at least every six years. The most common survey is done visually to determine the physical and functional condition of the bridges as well as finding damages that may exist on them. Because visual inspection is a subjective evaluation technique, the results of these bridge inspections may vary from inspector to inspector. The data collection is time consuming and written in standard inspection reports which may not provide sufficient visualization of damages. The inspector also needs to move around the bridge at close distance which could lead to unsafe working conditions. 3D modelling technology is becoming more and more common. Methods such as Close Ranged Photogrammetry (CRP) and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) are starting to be used for architecture and heritage preservation as well as engineering applications. Infrared (IR) scanning is also showing potential in creating 3D models but has yet not been used for structural analysis and inspections. A result from these methods is a point cloud, a 3D representation of a model in points that can be used for creating as-built Building Information Modeling (BIM)-models. In this study, the authors put these three methods to test to see if IR scanning and CRP are suitable ways, such as TLS is, to gather data for 3D-reconstruction of concrete railway bridges in fast, safe and non-disturbing ways. For this, the three technologies are performed on six bridges chosen by Trafikverket. The further aim is to determine if the 3D-reconstructions can be used for acquiring BIM-information to, among other things, create as-built drawings and to perform structural evaluations. As a result from the study, IR scanning and CRP show great potential as well as TLS in 3D-reconstruction of concrete railway bridges in fast, safe and non-disturbing ways. Still, there is a need of development regarding the technologies before we can start to rely on them completely.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
24

Fischer, Andreas, and Andreas Schäfer. "Untersuchungen zum mobilen 3D-Scannen unter Tage bei K+S." Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-205693.

Full text
Abstract:
Im Rahmen einer Diplomarbeit an der TU Bergakademie Freiberg wurden in 2014 die Grundlagen für die Auswertung von 3D-Punktwolken zur automatisierten Nachtragung des Risswerks gelegt. Um die dafür notwendigen 3D-Punktwolken möglichst wirtschaftlich zu erstellen, laufen seit 2015 Untersuchungen und Testmessungen zur Machbarkeit des untertägigen Einsatzes von mobil messenden Laserscannern. Im Folgenden werden verschiedene technische Ansätze sowie die Ergebnisse der Testmessungen und die weiteren geplanten Schritte vorgestellt
As part of a thesis at the Technical University of Freiberg, a basis for the analysis of 3D point clouds was set for refining the mine map automatically. Since 2015 studies and test measurements have been running to create the necessary 3D point clouds as economically as possible, by using an underground mobile scanning system. Below the different technical approaches will be presented as well as the results of the test measurements and the next planned steps
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
25

Pethe, Akshay. "SUPER RESOLUTION 3D SCANNING USING SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR AND BAND CORRECTION." UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/550.

Full text
Abstract:
Multi Frequency Phase Measuring Profilometry is the most popular lateral contact 3-D Scanning technique. The Phase Measuring Profilometry is limited in resolution by the projector and cameras used. Conventional signal projectors have a maximum of 2000 to 4000 scan lines limiting the projector resolution. To obtain greater detail with higher resolution the PMP technique is applied to a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) having 12000 lines, very large as compared to conventional projectors. This technology can achieve super resolution scans having varied applications. Scans achieved from PMP suffer from a certain type of artifact called “banding” which are periodic bands across the captured target. This leads to incorrect measurement of surfaces. Banding is the most limiting noise source in PMP because it increases with lower frequency and decrease in number of patterns. The requirement for lager number of patterns increases the possibility of motion banding. The requirement for higher frequency leads to the necessity for multifrequency PMP which, again leads to more patterns and longer scan times. We aim to reduce the banding by correcting the phase of the captured data.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
26

Eyre, Matthew. "The use of laser scanning and 3D modelling in accident investigations." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18002.

Full text
Abstract:
In order to prevent accidents we need to understand them, this is achieved through effective accident investigation. Accident investigation is a complex process of gathering and evaluating information to determine factors that may have implications on the final event. One of the fundamental aspects in the investigation process is to capture geospatial data of the incident, to document the scene in its current condition, providing the investigation team with a record for future reference. The production of plans have conventionally remained the same, with a surveyor tasked to illustrate a 3D scene with 2D representations. Recent developments in instrumentation have provided the geospatial industry with the means to capture vast amounts of 3D data directly using laser scanning. In addition, there have been considerable advancements in software applications which can be used to process the surveyed datasets. This research evaluates the use of the latest technology in respect of accident investigation applying the methodology to fire related incidents, industrial accidents and mining incidents. This is achieved by using a number of case studies that have been undertaken throughout the timeline of the project and whilst working with industry professionals in the field.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

Ahmed, Khaled. "Quantitative analysis of tooth wear in-vivo using 3D scanning technology." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5148/.

Full text
Abstract:
Aim: The primary aim of this study was to develop, calibrate and assess a novel methodology that employs 3D scanning technology in quantifying the progression of tooth wear and then assess the applicability and validity of this methodology in-vivo through clinical monitoring of the progression of tooth wear in patients over a period of 12 months. Methods and materials: A Stainless Steel Model (SSM) was fabricated consisting of seven stainless-steel ball-bearings embedded in a horseshoe-shaped base. The dimensions of the SSM were ascertained using a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). The CMM calibrated SSM was used to identify the accuracy and precision of a contact stylus profilometer scanner and a non-contact class-II laser arm-scanner. The next stage involved using the SSM to identify the initial dimensional accuracy of Type IV dental stone casts poured from impressions of the SSM, using 3 types of impression materials: alginates (Alg), polyethers (PE) and polyvinylsiloxanes (PVS), and the dimensional stability of the dental stone over a period of one-month. Thereafter, the overall 3D scanning system performance was calculated. A clinical study involving tooth wear patients, recruited through 3 Restorative Dentistry Consultants’ New Patient clinics, was also carried-out. At initial visit and after 1 year, PE impressions were taken of participants’ dentition and poured. At 1 month post-pouring, the casts were 3D-scanned. The resultant scans of initial visit casts and after 1 year casts were 3D analysed, compared and differences detected. Results: The contact scanner demonstrated greater accuracy and precision compared to the non-contact scanner. Alg-fabricated casts demonstrated the largest discrepancy, producing undersized casts. PVS was the most accurate but concurrently demonstrated greater statistical variance compared to PE. The overall 3D scanning system performance, when comparing 2 individual contact scans taken of Type IV stone casts poured from PE impressions then scanned at one-month post-pouring, was 66μm. Clinically, all participants in this study presented with tooth wear greater than 140μm in depth; however, detected tooth wear only affected a limited surface area of anterior teeth. Conclusion: In this pilot study, we were able to formulate a novel descriptive 3D scanning methodology for quantifying tooth wear that accounts for the various factors affecting 3D scanning in-vivo. We have also demonstrated the clinical applicability of the methodology in monitoring the rate of tooth wear progression in patients.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Cornille, Olivier. "Accurate 3D shape and displacement measurement using a scanning electron microscope." Toulouse, INSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ISAT0021.

Full text
Abstract:
Avec le développement actuel des nano-technologies, la demande en matière d'étude du comportement des matériaux à des échelles micro ou nanoscopique ne cesse d'augmenter. Pour la mesure de forme ou de déformations tridimensionnelles à ces échelles de grandeur, l'acquisition d'images à partir d'un Microscope électronique à Balayage (MEB) couplée à l'analyse par corrélation d'images numériques s'est avérée une technique intéressante. Cependant, un MEB est un outil conçu essentiellement pour de la visualisation et son utilisation pour des mesures tridimensionnelles précises pose un certain nombre de difficultés comme par exemple le calibrage du système et la correction des fortes distorsions (spatiales et temporelles) présentes dans les images. De plus, le MEB ne possède qu'un seul capteur et les informations tridimensionnelles souhaitées ne peuvent pas être obtenues par une approche classique de type stéréovision. Cependant, l'échantillon à analyser étant monté sur un support orientable, des images peuvent être acquises sous différents points de vue, ce qui permet une reconstruction tridimensionnelle en utilisant le principe de vidéogrammétrie pour retrouver à partir des seules images les mouvements inconnus du porte-échantillon. La thèse met l'accent sur la nouvelle technique de calibrage et de correction des distorsions développée car c'est une contribution majeure pour la précision de la mesure de forme et de déformations 3D aux échelles de grandeur étudiées. Elle prouve que, contrairement aux travaux précédents, la prise en compte de la dérive temporelle et des distorsions spatiales d'images est indispensable pour obtenir une précision de mesure suffisante. Les principes permettant la mesure de forme par vidéogrammétrie et le calcul de déformations 2D et 3D sont aussi présentés en détails. Enfin, et dans le but de valider nos travaux et démontrer en particulier la précision de mesure obtenue, des résultats expérimentaux issus de différentes applications sont présentés
With the current development of nano-technology, there exists an increasing demand for three-dimensional shape and deformation measurements at this reduced-length scale in the field of materials research. Images acquired by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) systems coupled with analysis by Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is an interesting combination for development of a high magnification measurement system. However, a SEM is designed for visualization, not for metrological studies, and the application of DIC to the micro- or nano-scale with such a system faces the challenges of calibrating the imaging system and correcting the spatially-varying and time-varying distortions in order to obtain accurate measurements. Moreover, the SEM provides only a single sensor and recovering 3D information is not possible with the classical stereo-vision approach. But the specimen being mounted on the mobile SEM stage, images can be acquired from multiple viewpoints and 3D reconstruction is possible using the principle of videogrammetry for recovering the unknown rigid-body motions undergone by the specimen. The dissertation emphasizes the new calibration methodology that has been developed because it is a major contribution for the accuracy of 3D shape and deformation measurements at reduced-length scale. It proves that, unlike previous works, image drift and distortion must be taken into account if accurate measurements are to be made with such a system. Necessary background and required theoretical knowledge for the 3D shape measurement using videogrammetry and for in-plane and out-of-plane deformation measurement are presented in details as well. In order to validate our work and demonstrate in particular the obtained measurement accuracy, experimental results resulting from different applications are presented throughout the different chapters. At last, a software gathering different computer vision applications has been developed
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
29

Pethe, Akshay Gajanan. "Super resolution 3D scanning using spatial light modulator and band correction /." Lexington, Ky. : [University of Kentucky Libraries], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10225/936.

Full text
Abstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Kentucky, 2008.
Title from document title page (viewed on December 10, 2008). Document formatted into pages; contains: ix, 76 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 74-75).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
30

Cornille, Nicolas. "Accurate 3D Shape and Displacement Measurement using a Scanning Electron Microscope." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00166423.

Full text
Abstract:
Avec le développement actuel des nano-technologies, la demande en matière d'étude du comportement des matériaux à des échelles micro ou nanoscopique ne cesse d'augmenter. Pour la mesure de forme ou de déformation tridimensionnelles à ces échelles de grandeur, l'acquisition d'images à partir d'un Microscope Électronique à Balayage (MEB) couplée à l'analyse par corrélation d'images numériques s'est avérée une technique intéressante. Cependant, un MEB est un outil conçu essentiellement pour de la visualisation et son utilisation pour des mesures tridimensionnelles précises pose un certain nombre de difficultés comme par exemple le calibrage du système et la correction des fortes distorsions (spatiales et temporelles) présentes dans les images. De plus, le MEB ne possède qu'un seul capteur et les informations tridimensionnelles souhaitées ne peuvent pas être obtenues par une approche classique de type stéréovision. Cependant, l'échantillon à analyser étant monté sur un support orientable, des images peuvent être acquises sous différents points de vue, ce qui permet une reconstruction tridimensionnelle en utilisant le principe de vidéogrammétrie pour retrouver à partir des seules images les mouvements inconnus du porte-échantillon.

La thèse met l'accent sur la nouvelle technique de calibrage et de correction des distorsions développée car c'est une contribution majeure pour la précision de la mesure de forme et de déformations 3D aux échelles de grandeur étudiées. Elle prouve que, contrairement aux travaux précédents, la prise en compte de la dérive temporelle et des distorsions spatiales d'images est indispensable pour obtenir une précision de mesure suffisante. Les principes permettant la mesure de forme par vidéogrammétrie et le calcul de déformations 2D et 3D sont aussi présentés en détails. Dans le but de valider nos travaux et démontrer en particulier la précision de mesure obtenue, des résultats expérimentaux issus de différentes applications sont présentés tout au long de la thèse. Enfin, un logiciel rassemblant différentes applications de vision par ordinateur a été developpé.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
31

Ramsay, Robert. "A Hardware Based 3D Room Scanner." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1240.

Full text
Abstract:
This thesis describes a project to create a hardware based 3D interior scanner. This was based on a previous project that created a scanner optimised for interior conditions, using structured light triangulation. The original project referred to as the Mark-I scanner, performed its control and processing on a PC and the primary goal of this project was to re-implement this system using hardware, making the scanner more portable and simpler to use. The Mark-I system required a specialised camera which had an unusually high noise associated with it, so a secondary goal was to investigate whether this camera could be replaced with a superior model or this noise corrected. A Mark-II scanner system was created using FPGA processing and control implemented in the VHDL language. This read from a CMOS camera, controlled the system's motor and laser, generated 3D points and communicated with users. A suitable camera was not found and the Mark-I scanners camera was found to have been damaged and become unusable, so a simulation environment was constructed that simulated the operation of the scanner, created 3D images for it to process, and tested its results. Chapter 1 of this thesis outlines the goals of this pro ject and describes the Mark-I system. Chapter 2 describes the theory and properties of the Mark-I system, and chapter 3 describes the work undertaken to replace the scanner's sensor. Chapter 4 describes the system created to interface to CMOS sensors, and chapter 5 outlines the theory involved in calculating 3D points using structured light triangulation. The final hardware scanner, and the simulation system used to test it, are then described in chapter 6.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
32

Michalisko, Jan. "Využití 3D skenování pro přípravu obrábění odlitků součástí parních turbín." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230261.

Full text
Abstract:
The technical paper deals with the application of 3D scanning for the preparation of cast machining which is a part of steam turbines manufactured by the Industrial Turbo machinery branch office of the Siemens Ltd. in Brno. There is a theoretic explanation of general terms which relate to the 3D digitization process in the first part. Further in the theoretic part, the used digitization systems TRITOP and ATOS are described in detail. In practical part, the analysis of the current process has been carried out and the alternate process of the cast preparation for a subsequent machining has been suggested. By means of above mentioned systems, the cast has been converted in a digital form and compared with the source CAD module. The comparison results in material allowance check and the suitable setting for a following machining process. In conclusion, the technical economic evaluation of both processes has been carried out.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
33

Sewell, Gwendolyn Vera. "Plumage." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77435.

Full text
Abstract:
Plumage is a stereoscopic 3D experience showcasing the culmination of a personal exploration and observation of birds: a digitally modeled and rendered, fantastical bird referred to simply as a Phoenix. In many cultures birds are tied to ideas of freedom, power, and the otherworldly. Preconceived notions of a phoenix exist across many cultures as well, but for this project I wanted to create my own interpretation. While working, I drew upon my admiration of birds for their qualities of strength, beauty, and curiosity to infuse into the project. Inspired by the dynamic and detailed works of naturalists like John James Audubon, I took the opportunity to make my own observations and records of birds. I began exploring different processes of digitizing three-dimensional forms by scanning bird skins. However, due to the nature of fibrous and reflective materials (of which birds are often both) I ran into challenges that made accurate and detailed representation difficult if not impossible. From there I made the decision to pursue a more imaginative artistic approach to the project. More than just a homage to feathers and birds, this project represents the continued value of artists in the field of preservation and their ability to push visuals further with their own observations where automation and digitization fall short. Using life references I created my own textures and forms with details meant to emulate my favorite aspects of the birds that inspired me throughout my journey. Larger-than-life, projected stereoscopic 3D allows the audience to see details clearly and enhances the dynamic quality of the piece; both very important elements that needed to shine through in the final artwork. Plumage is made possible through the use of the Cyclorama, a series of convex screens that surround an audience and allow them to appreciate scenes projected in stereoscopic 3D.
Master of Fine Arts
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
34

Abed, Fanar Mansour Abed. "Calibration of full-waveform airborne laser scanning data for 3D object segmentation." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1750.

Full text
Abstract:
Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) is a fully commercial technology, which has seen rapid uptake from the photogrammetry and remote sensing community to classify surface features and enhance automatic object recognition and extraction processes. 3D object segmentation is considered as one of the major research topics in the field of laser scanning for feature recognition and object extraction applications. The demand for automatic segmentation has significantly increased with the emergence of full-waveform (FWF) ALS, which potentially offers an unlimited number of return echoes. FWF has shown potential to improve available segmentation and classification techniques through exploiting the additional physical observables which are provided alongside the standard geometric information. However, use of the FWF additional information is not recommended without prior radiometric calibration, taking into consideration all the parameters affecting the backscattered energy. The main focus of this research is to calibrate the additional information from FWF to develop the potential of point clouds for segmentation algorithms. Echo amplitude normalisation as a function of local incidence angle was identified as a particularly critical aspect, and a novel echo amplitude normalisation approach, termed the Robust Surface Normal (RSN) method, has been developed. Following the radar equation, a comprehensive radiometric calibration routine is introduced to account for all variables affecting the backscattered laser signal. Thereafter, a segmentation algorithm is developed, which utilises the raw 3D point clouds to estimate the normal for individual echoes based on the RSN method. The segmentation criterion is selected as the normal vector augmented by the calibrated backscatter signals. The developed segmentation routine aims to fully integrate FWF data to improve feature recognition and 3D object segmentation applications. The routine was tested over various feature types from two datasets with different properties to assess its potential. The results are compared to those delivered through utilizing only geometric information, without the additional FWF radiometric information, to assess performance over existing methods. The results approved the potential of the FWF additional observables to improve segmentation algorithms. The new approach was validated against manual segmentation results, revealing a successful automatic implementation and achieving an accuracy of 82%.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
35

Zhao, Kunchen. "3D Printed Frequency Scanning Slotted Waveguide Array with Wide Band Power Divider." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555589955819802.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
36

Araújo, Adolfo Lino de. "Cadastro 3D no Brasil a apartir de varredura a laser (laser scanning)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2015. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/162764.

Full text
Abstract:
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Florianópolis, 2015.
Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-24T17:46:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 338191.pdf: 3929073 bytes, checksum: 3dc093aa57a147d2ce3d53161127f321 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
A complexidade e o alto adensamento das áreas urbanas têm contribuído para a ocupação cada vez mais verticalizada da superfície terrestre. Na medida em que novas construções sobre ou sob a superfície surgem, as estruturas dos sistemas cadastrais devem acompanha-las. Tais modificações ocorrem num espaço contínuo tridimensional que não pode ser representado adequadamente em duas dimensões. Nos países desenvolvidos e em muitos países em desenvolvimento os sistemas cadastrais têm migrado para incorporar a terceira dimensão, desenvolvendo modelos de dados baseados nos seus registros atuais e nas técnicas disponíveis, como forma de garantir que intrincados casos de sobreposição do direito de propriedade possam ser equacionados. No cenário internacional há diferentes modelos propostos, desde a manutenção dos Cadastros territoriais tradicionais com o acréscimo de avisos nos títulos de propriedade sobre o uso do espaço aéreo ou do subsolo, passando por modelos híbridos de sub-parcelamento da coluna acima e abaixo da superfície terrestre, até os modelos mais completos de parcelas espaciais volumétricas. A proposição de tais modelos é impulsionada por uma realidade técnica e tecnológica atual na qual se tornou possível coletar, processar e representar dados tridimensionais em larga escala, restando, então, a necessidade de atualização das componentes legal e de avaliação. No Brasil, apesar de não haver uma estrutura cadastral parcelar nos termos internacionais, os mesmos problemas se apresentam e surge a possibilidade de se considerar a aplicação de uma terceira dimensão no contexto da legislação nacional. Esta tese procurou avaliar estas possibilidades e propor alternativas para um Cadastro 3D no Brasil utilizando dados provenientes de varredura a laser (laser scanning) aéreo e terrestre.

Abstract : The complexity and the high density of urban areas has contributed to the increasingly verticalized occupation of the land surface. As new buildings under or on the surface appear, the structures of the cadastral systems must accompany them. These changes occur in a three dimensional continuous space that cannot be adequately represented in two dimensions. In developed countries and many developing countries the cadastral systems have migrated to incorporate the third dimension, developing data models based on their current records and techniques available, in order to ensure that intricate cases overlay of property rights can be addressed. Different models have been proposed around the world, since the maintenance of traditional land records with increase warning in property titles about the use of airspace or subsoil, through hybrid models for the sub-parcels above and below of the earth surface, to the complete volumetric spatial parcel models. The proposition of such models is powered by an actual technical and technological reality in which it became possible to collect, process and represent three-dimensional data on a large scale, needing then to update the legal and evaluation components. In Brazil, although there is no a parcel-based registration structure in international terms, the same problems are present and there is the possibility of considering the application of a third dimension in the context of national legislation. This thesis attempts to evaluate these possibilities and propose alternatives for a 3D Cadastre in Brazil using data from laser scanning.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
37

Araújo, Adolfo Lino de. "Cadastro 3D no Brasil a apartir de varredura a laser (laser scanning)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2015. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/169583.

Full text
Abstract:
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Florianópolis, 2015.
Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-19T13:12:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 338191.pdf: 3929073 bytes, checksum: 3dc093aa57a147d2ce3d53161127f321 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
A complexidade e o alto adensamento das áreas urbanas têm contribuído para a ocupação cada vez mais verticalizada da superfície terrestre. Na medida em que novas construções sobre ou sob a superfície surgem, as estruturas dos sistemas cadastrais devem acompanha-las. Tais modificações ocorrem num espaço contínuo tridimensional que não pode ser representado adequadamente em duas dimensões. Nos países desenvolvidos e em muitos países em desenvolvimento os sistemas cadastrais têm migrado para incorporar a terceira dimensão, desenvolvendo modelos de dados baseados nos seus registros atuais e nas técnicas disponíveis, como forma de garantir que intrincados casos de sobreposição do direito de propriedade possam ser equacionados. No cenário internacional há diferentes modelos propostos, desde a manutenção dos Cadastros territoriais tradicionais com o acréscimo de avisos nos títulos de propriedade sobre o uso do espaço aéreo ou do subsolo, passando por modelos híbridos de sub-parcelamento da coluna acima e abaixo da superfície terrestre, até os modelos mais completos de parcelas espaciais volumétricas. A proposição de tais modelos é impulsionada por uma realidade técnica e tecnológica atual na qual se tornou possível coletar, processar e representar dados tridimensionais em larga escala, restando, então, a necessidade de atualização das componentes legal e de avaliação. No Brasil, apesar de não haver uma estrutura cadastral parcelar nos termos internacionais, os mesmos problemas se apresentam e surge a possibilidade de se considerar a aplicação de uma terceira dimensão no contexto da legislação nacional. Esta tese procurou avaliar estas possibilidades e propor alternativas para um Cadastro 3D no Brasil utilizando dados provenientes de varredura a laser (laser scanning) aéreo e terrestre.

Abstract : The complexity and the high density of urban areas has contributed to the increasingly verticalized occupation of the land surface. As new buildings under or on the surface appear, the structures of the cadastral systems must accompany them. These changes occur in a three dimensional continuous space that cannot be adequately represented in two dimensions. In developed countries and many developing countries the cadastral systems have migrated to incorporate the third dimension, developing data models based on their current records and techniques available, in order to ensure that intricate cases overlay of property rights can be addressed. Different models have been proposed around the world, since the maintenance of traditional land records with increase warning in property titles about the use of airspace or subsoil, through hybrid models for the sub-parcels above and below of the earth surface, to the complete volumetric spatial parcel models. The proposition of such models is powered by an actual technical and technological reality in which it became possible to collect, process and represent three-dimensional data on a large scale, needing then to update the legal and evaluation components. In Brazil, although there is no a parcel-based registration structure in international terms, the same problems are present and there is the possibility of considering the application of a third dimension in the context of national legislation. This thesis attempts to evaluate these possibilities and propose alternatives for a 3D Cadastre in Brazil using data from laser scanning.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
38

Gockel, Tilo. "Interaktive 3D-Modellerfassung mittels One-Shot-Musterprojektion und schneller Registrierung." Karlsruhe : Univ.-Verl. Karlsruhe, 2005. http://www.uvka.de/univerlag/volltexte/2006/153/.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
39

Mackley, Cameron J. "Reducing costs and increasing productivity in ship maintenance using product lifecycle management, 3D laser scanning, and 3D printing." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/41413.

Full text
Abstract:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
The Department of Defense (DOD) spends an enormous amount of money on maintenance. For fiscal year 2011, the DOD spent almost $80 billion. Of this amount, the Navy spent almost $5.5 billion on ship depot maintenance. Going forward, the amount of money available for all DOD activities is expected to be reduced because of budgetary pressures. Unlike the budget, the need for deployed units and the maintenance to keep them operating is increasing. Given this challenge, the Navy needs to find ways to reduce costs while retaining readiness. Reducing maintenance costs is a promising way to help achieve this goal. The purpose of this thesis is to use knowledge value added (KVA) methodology to identify additional cost savings that can be achieved in the ship maintenance (SHIPMAIN) process by implementing information technologies. Specifically, the technologies considered in this study are 3D printing, product lifecycle management, and 3D laser scanning. Using the current process as a baseline, KVA is applied to two notional scenarios, one using 3D printing only and one using all three technologies to reengineer the current process. The KVA methodology establishes evidence indicating that costs would be decreased by nearly $120 million a year and shipyard productivity would increase.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
40

Lång, Magnus. "3D Teleconferencing : The construction of a fully functional, novel 3D Teleconferencing system." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, The Institute of Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-51466.

Full text
Abstract:

This report summarizes the work done to develop a 3D teleconferencing system, which enables remote participants anywhere in the world to be scanned in 3D, transmitted and displayed on a constructed 3D display with correct vertical and horizontal parallax, correct eye contact and eye gaze. The main focus of this report is the development of this system and especially how to in an efficient and general manner render to the novel 3D display. The 3D display is built out of modified commodity hardware and show a 3D scene for observers in up to 360 degrees around it and all heights. The result is a fully working 3D Teleconferencing system, resembling communication envisioned in movies such as holograms from Star Wars. The system transmits over the internet, at similar bandwidth requirements as concurrent 2D videoconferencing systems.


Project done at USC Institute for Creative Technologies, LA, USA. Presented at SIGGRAPH09.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
41

Sun, Jing. "The Integration of 3D Geodata and BIM Data in 3D City Models and 3D Cadastre." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Geodesi och satellitpositionering, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-262845.

Full text
Abstract:
The initial geographic information system (GIS) and building information modelling (BIM) are designed and developed independently in order to serve different purposes and use. Within the prolific increase and growing maturity of three-dimensional (3D) technology, both 3D geodata and BIM data can specify semantic data and model 3D buildings that are prominent for the 3D city models and 3D cadastre. 3D geodata can be collected from geodetic surveying methods such as total station, laser scanning and photogrammetry and generate 3D building models by CityGML format for macro analysis on city scale. BIM data has significant advantages in planning, designing, modelling and managing building information, which contains rich details of building elements. Additionally, BIM helps and supports to exchange and share complex information through life-cycle project. Because there are some overlaps between them, the integration of BIM and 3D city models is mutually beneficial for representing comprehensive 3D building models. This thesis is a summary and compilation of two papers, where one is a review paper published in Journal of Spatial Science, and the other is a research paper currently under review in ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. The first paper designed and implemented a methodology to formalize the integration of BIM data into city models (CityGML models) that were generated from BIM data and from ALS/footprint data based on the proposed common modelling guidelines. The geometric results of the CityGML models were compared and evaluated visually and quantitatively. The second paper proposed a general framework for sharing and integrating cadastral information with BIM and 3D GIS together with general requirements. Based on the requirements and framework, the case study focused on how to represent and visualize 3D cadastral boundaries legally and technically by integrating BIM at building level and CityGML at city level. Both the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) model and the CityGML model were connected to Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) at the conceptual level using Unified Modeling Language (UML) models and on database level. The findings of the first paper include investigation of BIM data as a qualified source on the geometric aspects in order to satisfy the need for a more rapid update process of 3D city models, and the second paper shows that the proposed framework and requirements perform well for generating 3D cadastral model in the real-world case study.
Det ursprungliga geografiska informationssystemet (GIS) och byggnadsinformationsmodellering (BIM) är utformade och utvecklade oberoende av varandra för att tjäna olika syften och användning. Inom 3D-teknik kan både 3D geodata och BIM-data specificera semantiska data och modellera 3D-byggnader som är framträdande för 3D stadsmodeller och 3D fastighetsregister. 3D-geodata kan samlas in från geodetiska mätningsmetoder som totalstation, laserskanning och fotogrammetri och de kan generera 3D modeller av byggnader i CityGML för makroanalys av städer. BIM-data har betydande fördelar i planering, design, modellering och hantering av byggnadsinformation eftersom det innehåller detaljerade uppgifter om byggelement. Dessutom gör BIM det möjligt att förmedla och analysera komplex information över byggnaders livscykel. Integrationen av BIM- och 3D-stadsmodeller är viktigt för att kunna analysera både byggnader och stad, exempelvis i stadsplanering, byggnadskonstruktion och hållbarhetsanalys.Denna avhandling är en sammanfattning och sammanställning av två artiklar, varav den ena är publicerad i Journal of Spatial Science, och den andra är under granskning i ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. Den första artikeln utformade och implementerade en metod för att formalisera integrationen av BIM-data i stadsmodeller (CityGML-modeller) som genererades från BIM-data och flygburen laserskanning/fotavtryck baserat på gemensamma modelleringsriktlinjerna. De geometriska resultaten av CityGML modellerna jämfördes och utvärderades visuellt och kvantitativt. Den andra artikeln föreslog en allmän ram för att dela och integrera fastighets information med BIM och 3D GIS tillsammans med allmänna krav. Baserat på kraven och ramverket så visade en fallstudie på hur man kan representera och visualisera 3D fastighetsgränser juridiskt och tekniskt genom att integrera BIM på byggnadsnivå och CityGML på stadsnivå. Både IFC-modellen och CityGML-modellen kopplades till LADM på konceptuell nivå med hjälp av UML-modeller och på databasnivå.Slutsatserna från den första artikeln inkluderar undersökning av BIM data som en kvalificerad källa på de geometriska aspekterna för att uppfylla behovet av en snabbare uppdateringsprocess av 3D-stadsmodeller, och den andra uppsatsen visar att det föreslagna ramverket och kraven presterar väl för att generera 3D fastighets modeller i den verkliga världen.

QC 20191023

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
42

Zogg, Hans Martin. "Investigations of high precision terrestrial laser scanning with emphasis on the development of a robust close-range 3D-laser scanning system /." Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18013.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
43

Warne, Markus. "Photogrammetric software as an alternative to 3D laser scanning in an amateur environment." Thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-169911.

Full text
Abstract:
Photogrammetric software today is at a level where it is accessible to the mainstream public and without larger effort is able to reconstruct digital 3D models from photographic input.  This thesis investigates the performance of photogrammetricly reconstructed models and evaluates them by comparing the results to their corresponding reconstructed models from a 3D laser scanner with a focus on smaller objects in an amateur environment. The evaluation is performed on four different objects, which are all individually compared to their scanned counterpart. They are compared both with a subjective judgment of quality and by numerically measuring the point-to-point distance on the models. From the results conclusions are drawn that the methods can produce similar results albeit there are many performance factors discovered for a good reconstructions with photogrammetry. The properties of the physical object and the quality of the visual input data stand out as the most important factors.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
44

Walker, Matthew David. "Quantitative dynamic 3D PET scanning of the body and brain using LSO tomographs." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:78135.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
45

Wu, Tzu-Huai, and 吳子懷. "3D Dental Scanning for Digital Impression." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v7s26u.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士
義守大學
生物醫學工程學系
107
In recent years, the application of 3D scanning technology in human body has attracted much attention. Because the traditional impression is cumbersome and time consuming, the study tried to improve the effectiveness of the dental impression by using the different 3D scanning techniques. The study first compared different 3D scanning algorithms and used the block gauges for verification, and then scanned the tooth models of different materials and sizes for comparative evaluation. The three scanning methods used in this study include: "Gray Code Algorithm", "Hybrid Three-Step Phase Shifting Algorithm" and "Hybrid Four-Step Phase Shifting Algorithm". The hybrid type refers to the combination of the gray code algorithm and the phase-shift algorithm. According to the one-way analysis of variance, the "Hybrid Four-Step Phase Shifting Algorithm" is suitable for large size scanning, while the "Hybrid Three-Step Phase Shifting Algorithm" is suitable for small size. According to the two-way analysis of variance, “scanning” methods and “sizes” have significant effect on the measurement accuracy. These two factors also have significant mutual interaction. In addition, the accuracy of small-block-gauge measurement is better than that of the big one. Regarding the material, the scanning of metal block gauges tended to fail due to the high reflectance. In contrast, the gypsum material is better than the plastic material for the 3D scanning.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
46

Zhan, Kai-Lin, and 詹凱琳. "Color Correction Methods of 3D Scanning Images." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24wd2b.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
色彩與照明科技研究所
104
Nowadays, the judgment of the 3D reconstructed object is generally cared about accuracy of the shape, but the quality of the face color is often neglected in 3D scanning field. The color information is one of the most important factors for people while evaluating the object. The face color comes from the recorded 3D texture images while 3D reconstructing. Therefore, this thesis focuses on solving the problem of the color information of the 3D texture images, and correcting the face color further. There are two experiments in this thesis. One is defined as correcting 3D texture images with the method of measuring standard of the color information, the other is defined as correcting the 3D texture images with the method of computer graphics. Both of the purposes of the experiments are correcting the color information of the 3D texture images. The purpose of the experiment 1 is correcting the color information of the 3D texture images with calibration charts and the measured values. The difference of the 3D texture images and the 2D images is the luminance and the color information in the third dimension. Therefore, the calibration ball is used for correcting the luminance and the color information in the third dimension. The results of the experiment 1 are compared with the color difference and evaluated the curves of the luminance distribution. The purpose of the experiment 2 is simulating reality lighting condition, and designing the functions to compensate luminance in the third dimension. Use the rendering of the 3D objects, which is under the simulated lighting conditions, and the designed functions to compensate the luminance of the 3D texture images efficiently. The results of the experiment 2 are evaluated with the luminance difference and psychological experiment.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
47

Soares, Pedro Emanuel Pereira. "Computer vision component to environment scanning." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/28555.

Full text
Abstract:
Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia de Informática
Computer vision is usually used as the perception channel of robotic platforms. These platforms must be able of visually scanning the environment to detect specific targets and obstacles. Part of detecting obstacles is knowing their relative distance to robot. In this work different ways of detecting the distance of an object are analyzed and implemented. Extracting this depth perception from a scene involves three different steps: finding features in an image, finding those same features in another image and calculate the features’ distance. For capturing the images two approaches were considered: single cameras, where we capture an image, move the camera and capture another, or stereo cameras, where images are taken from both cameras at the same time. Starting by SUSAN, then SIFT and SURF, these three feature extraction algorithms will be presented as well as their matching procedure. An important part of computer vision systems is the camera. For that reason, the procedure of calibrating a camera will be explained. Epipolar geometry and the fundamental matrix are two important concepts regarding 3D reconstruction which will also be analyzed and explained. In the final part of the work all concepts and ideas were implemented and, for each approach, tests were made and results analyzed. For controlled environments the relative distance of the objects is correctly extracted but with more complex environment such results are harder to obtain.
A visão por computador é, normalmente, usada como o canal de percepção do mundo em plataformas robóticas. Estas plataformas têm de ser capazes de rastrear, visualmente, o ambiente para detectar objectivos e obstáculos específicos. Parte da detecção de obstáculos envolve saber da sua distância relativa ao robot. Neste trabalho, são analisadas e implementadas diferentes formas de extrair a distância de um objecto. A extracção desta noção de profundidade de uma cena envolve três passos diferentes: encontrar características numa imagem, encontrar estas mesmas características numa imagem diferente e calcular as suas distâncias. Para a captura de imagens foram considerados dois métodos: uma única câmara, onde é tirada uma imagem, a câmara é movida e é tirada a segunda imagem; e câmaras estéreo onde as imagens são tiradas de ambas as câmaras ao mesmo tempo. Começando pelo SUSAN, depois o SIFT e SURF, estes três algoritmos de extracção de características são apresentados, assim como os seus métodos de emparelhamento de características. Uma parte importante dos sistemas de visão por computador é a câmara, por este motivo, o procedimento de calibrar uma câmara é explicado. Geometria Epipolar e matriz fundamental são dois conceitos importantes no que refere a reconstrução 3D que também serão analisados e explicados. Na parte final do trabalho, todos os conceitos e ideias são implementados e, para cada método, são realizados testes e os seus resultados são analisados. Para ambientes controlados, a distância relativa é correctamente extraída mas, para ambientes mais complexos, os mesmos resultados são obtidos com mais dificuldade.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
48

Wilson, Andrew S., Andrew D. Holland, and Thomas Sparrow. "Laser scanning of skeletal pathological conditions." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/10926.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
49

Valinasab, Behzad. "Atomization-based Spray Coating for Improved 3D Scanning." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5417.

Full text
Abstract:
Obtaining geometrical and physical information of industrially manufactured products or manually created artifacts has increased dramatically in the past few years. These data are usually generated by means of specific devices which are called 3D scanners. 3D scanners generate virtual 3D models of objects which in different fields can be used for various applications such as reverse engineering and quality control in manufacturing industry or data archiving of valuable unique objects of cultural heritage. There are basically two types of 3D scanning depending on whether contact or non-contact techniques are used. Non-contact scanners have been developed to overcome the problems of contacts. Optical methods are the most developed and major category of non-contact scanning techniques. Remarkable progress in computer science has been the key element of optical 3D scanning development. Apart from this improvement, optical scanners are affected by surface characteristics of the target object, such as transparency and reflectivity, since optical scanners work based on reflected light from the object surface. For solving this problem, in most cases the object is sprayed with an aerosol spray to change its characteristics temporarily, e.g. from shiny to dull or transparent to opaque. It is important to apply coating of minimum possible thickness to keep the object geometry unchanged. To study this issue, an atomization-based spray coating system was developed in this thesis research and used in sets of experiments to evaluate the effects of thin layer coating on 3D scanning results. In this thesis, firstly the spray coating system structure and coating specifications will be offered. Then, for appraising the efficiency of atomization-based spray coating in 3D scanning process, some examples are presented. These examples are based on some actual parts from different industries which were used as target objects to be coated and scanned.
Graduate
0548
behzadv@uvic.ca
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
50

LAI, CHIA-HSIN, and 賴佳欣. "Implementation of Building Bricks from Scanning 3D Objects." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wvuum3.

Full text
Abstract:
碩士
華梵大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
105
The bricks are toys from our childhood. The main purpose that most parents buy bricks is that they want to train their children having the capability of logical thinking. Based on the related papers in the literature, actually, building blocks are not only to train the functions of thinking the logic for people, but also to stimulate the brain in order to stir more creativity. The brick model can be used as an artwork having the commercial value. In the past, generating a complex brick model in large scale bricks requires a lot of time and effort. It has to consider how to generate the objective brick model using some bricks and guarantee its stability of the structure. In this thesis, we shorten the time and cost of building the 3D model by using scanning the 3D object. The Sense 3D scanner is used to scan a physical object into a 3D model. The functions of editing and repairing the 3D scanned model consist of automatic methods and manual methods. And then, we use the method (CA with cell clustering) proposed by Smal [9] to convet the 3D model into voxelization and build its bricks. In our experiments and experiences, we find that using hardware and software can reduce the difficulty of obtaining 3D models effectively. The efficiency of building a brick by using a 3D model can be enhanced about 50 percent.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the bibliographies on the topic '3d scanning' for other source types:
Journal articles Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography