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Journal articles on the topic '4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Pesticide (2'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Alcala, Cecilia S., Maureen Y. Lichtveld, Jeffrey K. Wickliffe, et al. "Characterization of Urinary Pesticide Metabolite Concentrations of Pregnant Women in Suriname." Toxics 10, no. 11 (2022): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10110679.

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Prenatal exposure to pesticides and the association with adverse health outcomes have been examined in several studies. However, the characterization of pesticide exposure among Surinamese women during pregnancy has not been assessed. As part of the Caribbean Consortium of Research in Environmental and Occupational Health research program, 214 urine samples were collected from pregnant women living in three regions in Suriname with different agricultural practices: capital Paramaribo, the rice producing district Nickerie, and the tropical rainforest, the Interior. We used isotope dilution tand

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2

da Paixão Cansado, Isabel Pestana, Paulo Alexandre Mira Mourão, and Cristóvão Ramiro Belo. "Using Tectona Grandis Biomass to Produce Valuable Adsorbents for Pesticide Removal from Liquid Effluent." Materials 15, no. 17 (2022): 5842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15175842.

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This work presents a first approach concerning the valorization of Tectona Grandis tree by-products, from East Timor through their transformation into high activated carbon (AC) by chemical activation with KOH and K2CO3. The better ACs, Teak-KOH-1-1-700 and Teak-K2CO3-1-2-700, presented a high ABET (995 and 1132 m2·g−1) and micropore volume (0.43 and 0.5 cm3·g−1), respectively. Both ACs were tested on the removal of four pesticides, from the liquid phase. Both ACs performed better than existing commercial types, presenting a maximum adsorption capacity of 1.88, 1.67, 1.10 and 0.89 mmol·g−1, fo

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Murschell, Trey, and Delphine K. Farmer. "Real-Time Measurement of Herbicides in the Atmosphere: A Case Study of MCPA and 2,4-D during Field Application." Toxics 7, no. 3 (2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7030040.

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Atmospheric sources of herbicides enable short- and long-range transport of these compounds to off-target areas but the concentrations and mechanisms are poorly understood due, in part, to the challenge of detecting these compounds in the atmosphere. We present chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry as a sensitive, real-time technique to detect chlorinated phenoxy acid herbicides in the atmosphere, using measurements during and after application over a field at Colorado State University as a case study. Gas-phase 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) mixing ratios were greatest

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Branham, B. E., and D. W. Lickfeldt. "Effect of Pesticide-treated Grass Clippings Used as a Mulch on Ornamental Plants." HortScience 32, no. 7 (1997): 1216–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.7.1216.

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With increasing pressure to reduce disposal of yard waste in landfills, many homeowners are seeking alternative methods for grass clipping disposal. When turf is treated with pesticides, the collected grass clippings become a potential source of injury to susceptible plants that come in contact with the clippings. In this study, grass clippings were collected at 2, 7, and 14 days after pesticide treatment from a turf treated with chlorpyrifos, clopyralid, 2,4-D, flurprimidol, isoxaben, or triclopyr. The clippings were used as a mulch around Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (tomato), Phaseolus vul

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Teshome, Zewdie Abay, Amssalu Bezabeh Argaw, and Walellign Wotro Wanore. "Pesticide Utilization, Practices, and Their Effect on Honeybees in North Gonder, Amhara Region, Ethiopia." Advances in Agriculture 2023 (January 10, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/9971768.

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The use of pesticides is increasing from time to time due to their significant importance in maximizing crop production. This situation raised concerns about their potentially adverse effects on honeybee health and the environment, particularly in countries where regulations are not strictly implemented and farmers’ knowledge of safe handling procedures is inadequate. This study was conducted in Chilga district, North Gonder, to assess utilization, types, and supply routes of pesticides. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using semistructured questionnaires, key informant intervi

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Prado, Alexandre G?S, and Claudio Airoldi. "Immobilization of the pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on a silica gel surface." Pest Management Science 56, no. 5 (2000): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1526-4998(200005)56:5<419::aid-ps142>3.0.co;2-7.

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7

Romanus, Ugochukwu Onyeukwu, Sabastine Asiwe Emeka, Okechukwu Nweke Christian, and Kelechi Gaius-Mbalisi Vivian. "Toxicity of single and ternary mixtures of heavy metals and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to Chlorella vulgaris alkaline phosphatase activity." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 17, no. 3 (2023): 206–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8127765.

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The influence of mixtures of metals and pesticide on the activity of algal hydrolytic enzyme alkaline phosphatase was investigated. Toxicity of unary and ternary combinations of Copper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>), Zinc (Zn<sup>2+</sup>), Lead (Pb<sup>2+</sup>), Chromium (Cr<sup>2+</sup>), Cadmium (Cd<sup>2+</sup>) ions and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was assessed via inhibition of phosphatase enzyme activity of <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em>. The effects of the amalgamated ternary mixtures were studied in their fixed percentage ratio of 20:40:40 and 40:30:30. Results obtained showed that al

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8

Biserni, Martina, Robin Mesnage, Raquel Ferro, et al. "Quizalofop-p-Ethyl Induces Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes." Toxicological Sciences 170, no. 2 (2019): 452–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfz097.

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Abstract Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals is an established risk factor for obesity. The most commonly used pesticide active ingredients have never been tested in an adipogenesis assay. We tested for the first time the potential of glyphosate, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, dicamba, mesotrione, isoxaflutole, and quizalofop-p-ethyl (QpE) to induce lipid accumulation in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Only QpE caused a dose-dependent statistically significant triglyceride accumulation from a concentration of 5 up to 100 µM. The QpE commercial formulation Targa Super was 100 times more cyto

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Smpokou, Evangelia-Theano, Marvin González-Quiroz, Carla Martins, et al. "Environmental exposures in young adults with declining kidney function in a population at risk of Mesoamerican nephropathy." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, no. 12 (2019): 920–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2019-105772.

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ObjectivesThere is an epidemic of Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN) in Central America, where sugarcane production is prominent. Numerous causes are proposed, but to date limited evidence supports any one hypothesis. A nested case–control study using biosamples from a rural, community-based follow-up study of 350 young adults from Northwest Nicaragua at risk of MeN was conducted with the aim of characterising the associations between urinary concentrations of metals, pesticides and mycotoxins from samples collected in the first 6 months and decline in kidney function over 2 years.MethodsUrine sam

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10

Miller, Kathleen D., Paul Milne, S. Baker, et al. "Determination of Low-Level Pesticide Residues in Soft Drinks and Sports Drinks by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 91, no. 1 (2008): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/91.1.181.

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Abstract A collaborative study was conducted on a method for the measurement of 11 low-level pesticide residues in soft drinks and sports drinks by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The pesticide residues determined in this study were alachlor, atrazine, butachlor, isoproturon, malaoxon, monocrotophos, methyl paraoxon, phorate, phorate sulfone, phorate sulfoxide, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Blind fortification solutions containing 3 different levels of pesticide residues were provided to 9 collaborating laboratories to create test samples at concentrations of

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Paske, Nathan, Bryan Berry, John Schmitz, and Darryl Sullivan. "Determination of Low-Level Agricultural Residues in Soft Drinks and Sports Drinks by Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Single-Laboratory Validation." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 90, no. 2 (2007): 521–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/90.2.521.

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Abstract In this study, sponsored by PepsiCo Inc., a method was validated for measurement of 11 pesticide residues in soft drinks and sports drinks. The pesticide residues determined in this validation were alachlor, atrazine, butachlor, isoproturon, malaoxon, monocrotophos, paraoxon-methyl, phorate, phorate sulfone, phorate sulfoxide, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) when spiked at 0.100 g/L (1.00 g/L for phorate). Samples were filtered (if particulate matter was present), degassed (if carbonated), and analyzed using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Quantitation

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12

Saini, T., and V. Arora. "Death Due To 2, 4-DI-Ethyl Ester Poisoning –A Rarely Documented Compound in Clinical and Forensic Practice." Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine 46, no. 1 (2024): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2024.46.1.24.

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Poisoning with Herbicides, Pesticides and Rodenticides etc. is very common nowadays especially in the northern parts of India due to their easy availability from market. Such compounds are available in the houses of farmers, persons dealing in agriculture sectors. Most of the time the cases of poisoning which are brought to our hospitals or are brought for autopsy in the mortuaries are of Organo phosphates, Organo chloro compounds or Aluminum Phosphide poisoning. In this case, we will discuss about the poisoning with a rarely documented compound 2, 4 Di Ethyl Ester which is a compound of Pheno

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13

Sinitskaya, T. A., Irina P. Gromova, O. E. Egorchenkova, and P. A. Pletenev. "TRANSLOCATION STUDYING OF THE INDEX OF THE HAZARD OF 2-METHYL-4-CHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID IN HYGIENIC RATING." Hygiene and sanitation 97, no. 6 (2018): 576–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-6-576-579.

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Introduction. The implementation of new pesticides into agricultural practice is possible only after their comprehensive toxicological and hygienic study and hygienic regulation, which is the basis for the preventing their adverse effects on the health of workers and the population, as well as on the environment. The rationale for the maximum allowable concentration of the pesticide’s active substance in the soil is based on the study of the main hazard indices established experimentally. The translocation hazard index in the soil-plant system, along with other indices of hazard (migrational-w

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14

Debebe, Yalemtsehay, Esayas Alemayehu, Zemene Worku, Wookeun Bae, and Bernd Lennartz. "Sorption of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid from Agricultural Leachate Using Termite Mound Soil: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology." Water 15, no. 2 (2023): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15020327.

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The extensive use of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) pesticide leads to the contamination of surfaces and groundwater. In this respect, it is critical to develop an inexpensive and environmentally friendly adsorbent for 2,4-D-laden agricultural leachate. In the current study, termite mound soil (TMS) from Ethiopia was used as an adsorbent in a batch mode aimed at the removal of 2,4-D from an aqueous solution. The TMS was characterized using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), and X-ray

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15

Ahmad, Khuram Shahzad, Iqra Amjad, and Daoud Ali. "Adsorption and sugarcane-bagasse-derived activated carbon-based mitigation of 1-[2-(2-chloroethoxy)phenyl]sulfonyl-3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) urea-contaminated soils." Open Chemistry 18, no. 1 (2020): 1433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2020-0185.

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AbstractBurgeoning pesticide usage in agriculture sector required to be evaluated by assessing the adsorption rate in soils. The herbicide triasulfuron was used in this research to analyze its sorption behavior in seven distinct soils using batch equilibrium methodology. The adsorption coefficient (Kd) values ranged from the 3.32 to 29.7 µg/mL. Peshawar soil displayed the highest Kd value because of the distinct physiochemical properties when compared with the other six samples. Gibbs free energy exhibited negative values displaying less contact between soil particles and pesticides, showing t

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16

Bliznashka, Lilia, Aditi Roy, David C. Christiani, et al. "Pregnancy pesticide exposure and child development in low- and middle-income countries: A prospective analysis of a birth cohort in rural Bangladesh and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 18, no. 6 (2023): e0287089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287089.

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Background Despite considerable evidence on a negative association between pregnancy pesticide exposure and child development in high-income countries, evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited. Therefore, we assessed associations between pregnancy pesticide exposure and child development in rural Bangladesh and summarised existing literature in a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We used data from 284 mother-child pairs participating in a birth cohort established in 2008. Eight urinary pesticide biomarkers were quantified in early pregnancy (mean gestational

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Bliznashka, Lilia, Nancy Diao, David Christiani, et al. "Prenatal Pesticide Exposure Is Associated With Lower Cognitive, Language, and Motor Development Scores in Children 20–40 Months of Age Rural Bangladesh." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac060.008.

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Abstract Objectives Pesticides are an often-overlooked dietary exposure, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Evidence from high-income settings indicates that pesticide exposure during pregnancy can adversely affect early childhood development (ECD). However, evidence from LMICs is limited. Our objective was to quantify the associations between prenatal pesticide exposure and ECD in rural Bangladesh. Methods We used data from 284 mother-child pairs participating in a birth cohort established in 2008. Eight pesticide biomarkers were assessed in urine collected in early pregn

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18

Werthmann, Derek, Elizabeth Norton, and Felicia Rabito. "91 The Effect of Pesticide Exposure on Immunological Responses in Children Against SARS-CoV-2." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 9, s1 (2025): 28. https://doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.765.

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Objectives/Goals: To assess the effect on the immune response to COVID-19 in children exposed to pesticides. The hypothesis is that increased pesticide exposure results in different immunological response to COVID-19. The goal of the proposal is to improve scientific knowledge on factors affecting COVID-19 and identify a modifiable factor to reduce these disparities. Methods/Study Population: A cross-sectional analysis of children (aged 5–17 years) with asthma to assess pesticide exposure and immune markers of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination was determined with blood exposome R

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López-Gálvez, Nicolás, Rietta Wagoner, Paloma Beamer, Jill de Zapien, and Cecilia Rosales. "Migrant Farmworkers’ Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (2018): 2651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122651.

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Expanding agribusiness in Sonora, a state in Northern Mexico, has increased the demand for temporary migrant agricultural workers. Sonora is one of the top states in Mexico for pesticide utilization. We conducted an exploratory study to evaluate exposure to organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides among migrant farmworkers. A sample of 20 migrant farmworkers was recruited from a large commercial grape farm during the harvest season. We administered a questionnaire on work activities, exposure characteristics, and socio-demographics. We collected urine samples to quantify pesticide metabo

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Badawy, Mohamed E. I., and Ahmed F. El-Aswad. "Bioactive Paper Sensor Based on the Acetylcholinesterase for the Rapid Detection of Organophosphate and Carbamate Pesticides." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/536823.

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In many countries, people are becoming more concerned about pesticide residues which are present in or on food and feed products. For this reason, several methods have been developed to monitor the pesticide residue levels in food samples. In this study, a bioactive paper-based sensor was developed for detection of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors including organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. Based on the Ellman colorimetric assay, the assay strip is composed of a paper support (1×10 cm), onto which a biopolymer chitosan gel immobilized in crosslinking by glutaraldehyde with AChE a

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Haghshenas, Rosa, Zahra Soleimani, Yosef Farzi, et al. "Reference values of urinary metabolites of organophosphate in healthy Iranian adults." PLOS One 20, no. 6 (2025): e0325037. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0325037.

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Organophosphorus pesticides are widely used in agriculture in Iran; we evaluated exposure to these pesticides among Iranian adults. Pesticide-specific urinary metabolites were used as biomarkers for exposure to various pesticides, including organophosphorus insecticides. The aim of the study was to estimate reference values (RV95) and their relationships with the measured factors. We used the 95th percentile as the basis for deriving these reference values. The analysis included descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression, conducted using Python software. We measured metabolites for

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Bojanowska-Czajka, Anna, Przemysław Drzewicz, Zbigniew Zimek, et al. "Radiolytic degradation of pesticide 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA)—Experimental data and kinetic modelling." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 76, no. 11-12 (2007): 1806–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2007.02.114.

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23

Liu, Chi-Feng, and Li-Wei Chien. "Associations between DEET, Organophosphorus Insecticides, and Handgrip Strength in Diabetes: An NHANES Analysis." Biomedicines 12, no. 7 (2024): 1461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071461.

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Introduction: Sarcopenia and diabetes mellitus (DM) have been shown to be related. It has been demonstrated that pesticides/insecticides are linked to various health issues, including DM. This study investigated the relationships between exposure to pesticides/insecticides and muscle strength among community-dwelling DM patients in a national sample of the United States (US). Methods: Data from the 2011–2012 and 2013–2014 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) on people aged 20 years with diabetes were retrieved. A digital dynamometer was used to quantify handgrip stren

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Raina, Renata, and Michele L. Etter. "Liquid Chromatography with Post-Column Reagent Addition of Ammonia in Methanol Coupled to Negative Ion Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Phenoxyacid Herbicides and their Degradation Products in Surface Water." Analytical Chemistry Insights 5 (January 2010): ACI.S3148. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/aci.s3148.

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A new liquid chromatography (LC)-negative ion electrospray ionization (ESI−)–tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method with post-column addition of ammonia in methanol has been developed for the analysis of acid herbicides: 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, 4-chloro-o-tolyloxyacetic acid, 2-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)butyric acid, mecoprop, dichlorprop, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy propionic acid, dicamba and bromoxynil, along with their degradation products: 4-chloro-2-methylphenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol and 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Th

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Lerro, Catherine Chase, Gabriella Andreotti, Jason YY Wong, Aaron Blair, Nathaniel Rothman, and Laura E. Beane Freeman. "2,4-D exposure and urinary markers of oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation: a longitudinal study." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 77, no. 4 (2020): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2019-106267.

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Objective2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a herbicide that is commonly used commercially, agriculturally and residentially worldwide. There is concern about its potential for carcinogenicity based on studies in laboratory animals demonstrating the potential for induction of oxidative stress. We conducted a longitudinal biomarker study of 31 pesticide applicators in Kansas who heavily applied 2,4-D and 34 non-applicator controls.MethodsWe used multivariable generalised linear mixed-effect models to evaluate the association between urinary 2,4-D and natural log-transformed 8-iso prostag

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Al-Zaben, M. I., and W. K. Mekhamer. "Removal of 4-chloro-2-methyl phenoxy acetic acid pesticide using coffee wastes from aqueous solution." Arabian Journal of Chemistry 10 (May 2017): S1523—S1529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.05.003.

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Rozhdestvenska, Liudmyla, Kateryna Kudelko, Aleksei Palchik, Yuliya Dzyazko, and Halyna Bubela. "NANOPOR POLYMER-INORGANIC FLAT MEMBRANES FOR PESTICIDE CONCENTRATION." Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 90, no. 8 (2024): 43–55. https://doi.org/10.33609/2708-129x.90.8.2024.43-55.

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Industrial pesticide plants wastewater poses a danger to the environment due to of the exceed of threshold limit value of concentration. It causes to fines and the loss of valuable commercial products. This work proposes a problem solution comprising the removal of pesticides from water by the baromembrane method. The advantages of this approach are obtaining a concentrate of pesticides by the non-destructive method. Polymer-inorganic membranes have been developed to remove pesticides from water. They were obtained by modifying the active layer of commercial micro- and ultrafiltration membran

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Lira, Patricia da Rosa, Jhon Pablo Lima Cornelio, Paola da Rosa Lira, et al. "Adsorption study of micropollutants by biosorbents from different rice harvest residues for large scale applications." Ciência e Natura 46 (April 10, 2024): e80262. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x80262.

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A large-scale removal of micropollutants from residual waters is an urgent problem to be tackled. In this work, three biomasses from agricultural residues, produced by different processes, were compared in terms of the adsorption efficiency of toxic species in water. The biosorbents used were rice husk ashes (RHA), leached rice husk silica (SRHA), and rice straw ashes (RSA). Two representatives of the most common micropollutants present in the effluent waters, 2-nitrophenol and the pesticide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), were chosen as probing molecules. The biosorbents were characte

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Pluangklang, Chutima, and Kunwadee Rangsriwatananon. "Facile Method by Bentonite Treated with Heat and Acid to Enhance Pesticide Adsorption." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (2021): 5147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115147.

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In this work, simple conditions were applied to modify bentonite for the removal of pesticides from aqueous solution. Bentonite was modified in a single step as BA0.5 (with HCl 0.5 M) and BC500 (calcined at 500 °C) and combined steps with different sequences (BA0.5C500 and BC500A0.5). These adsorbents were characterised by XRD, XRF, FT-IR, 27Al MAS NMR, BET, NH3-TPD, TGA, HPLC, particle size analysis and zeta potential. Single-component adsorption with atrazine, diuron, 2,4-D and paraquat was used in aqueous solution at various pesticide concentrations, contact times and pH levels. It was foun

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Kryazhev, Dmitrii A., Sergey I. Krasikov, Darya S. Karmanova, Tatyana V. Boeva, and Viktor M. Boev. "Hygienic assessment of the risk of development of metabolic disorders associated with pollution of drinking water with organic chlorinous compounds." Hygiene and sanitation 101, no. 3 (2022): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-3-255-261.

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Introduction. High morbidity rates of diseases of the endocrine system and the existing features of drinking water pollution with organochlorine compounds (OCCs) make it necessary to study the mechanisms of the influence of low doses of organochlorine pesticides on public health. The purpose of the study is to study the features of the formation of non-carcinogenic risk in the population associated with exposure to OCCs in drinking water and endocrine disorders, using the example of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) under conditions of chronic oral exposure in small doses in the experimen

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Hwang, I., JW Lee, JS Kim, HW Gil, HY Song, and SY Hong. "Surfactant toxicity in a case of (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) acetic acid herbicide intoxication." Human & Experimental Toxicology 34, no. 8 (2014): 848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327114559612.

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Objective: Self-poisoning with (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy) acetic acid (MCPA) is a common reason for presentation to hospitals, especially in some Asian countries. We encountered a case of a 76-year-old woman who experienced unconsciousness, shock and respiratory failure after ingesting 100 mL MCPA herbicide. We determined whether the surfactant in the formulation was the chemical responsible for the toxic symptom in this patient. Design: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assays were performed on human

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Qadir, Ziyad Abdul, Atif Idrees, Rashid Mahmood, et al. "Effectiveness of Different Soft Acaricides against Honey Bee Ectoparasitic Mite Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae)." Insects 12, no. 11 (2021): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12111032.

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Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are essential for their products—honey, royal jelly, pollen, propolis and beeswax. They are also indispensable because they support ecosystems with their pollination services. However, the production and functions of honey bees are hindered by the arthropod pest Varroa destructor, which attacks bees through its feeding activities. Efforts to control varroa mites have been made through the development of various synthetic pesticide groups, but have had limited success because the mites developed resistance and some of these pesticides are harmful to bees. Branded pes

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Cabral, Simyão Macêdo, Flamys Lena do Nascimento Silva, Pablo José Rodrigues, et al. "Extraction and chemical characterization of neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica)." Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity 11, no. 4 (2023): 170–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v11n4.16258.

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The neem tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) is known for its therapeutic, pesticide, fertilizer and pharmacological properties. Due to these attributes, this tree has economic potential and continues to be used worldwide. For oil extraction, the Sohxlet system was used, for the extraction and characterization of volatiles, the HS-SPME/GC-MS method was used, and the fatty acid profile was characterized by GC-FID. The average yield obtained from the oil was 23%. A total of 34 volatile compounds were detected, of which 9 were identified by Kovat's index: 2-methyldecane, 3-methyldecane, 4-methyldec

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Monsalvo, V. M., N. Garcia-Mancha, D. Puyol, A. F. Mohedano, and J. J. Rodriguez. "Anaerobic biodegradability of mixtures of pesticides in an expanded granular sludge bed reactor." Water Science and Technology 69, no. 3 (2013): 532–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.739.

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The biodegradability and toxicity of three commercial pesticides containing 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), imidacloprid and dimethoate were evaluated individually, and a complex mixture of these pesticides was treated in an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor. MCPA was partially biodegraded, while imidacloprid and dimethoate remained almost unaltered during the individual biodegradability tests. Cyclohexanone was identified as the major solvent in the dimethoate-bearing insecticide, which was completely removed regardless of the presence of other pesticides. The analysis o

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Edgell, Kenneth W., Elizabeth J. Erb, Raymond J. Wesselman, et al. "Gas Chromatographic/Electron Capture Detection Method for Determination of Chlorinated Acids in Water: Collaborative Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 76, no. 5 (1993): 1098–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/76.5.1098.

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Abstract A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) inter laboratory method validation study was conducted on USEPA Method 515.1, "Determination of Chlorinated Acids in Water by Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector. "This method is one of the 6 pesticide methods developed for the USEPA National Pesticide Survey (NPS). Method recovery and precision for analyses of sub-ppb to low-ppb concentrations of chlorinated acids were determined in reagent water and finished drinking waters. The analytes evaluated in the study included the 12 pesticides that were quantitatively measured

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Mauti, Godfrey Omare, Peter F. Kasigwa, Joan J. E. Munissi, and Justus M. Onguso. "Chemosensory response of the Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae) weevil (Bruchus chinensis Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)) to Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax. (Dioscoreaceae) bulbil essential oil." Polish Journal of Entomology 88, no. 2 (2019): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjen-2019-0014.

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Abstract Dioscorea sansibarensis bulbils are well known for their toxicity and medicinal applications. In this study, the attraction and mortality of the Phaseolus vulgaris weevil (Bruchus chinensis) caused by Dioscorea sansibarensis bulbil oil was examined in a Completely Randomized Design experiment using a Y-tube olfactometer on a laboratory bench. Statistical analysis at P < 0.05 showed 10 µL had an attraction of 42.67%. In the case of mortality, the results showed that Phaseolus vulgaris seeds treated with 40 µL of the bulbil oil had a harmonic mean of 55.8% mortality of the weevil pop

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Gurav, Kuladip, and Varsha Jadhav (rathod). "GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF ZANTHOXYLUM RHETSA DC. FRUITS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 12 (2018): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.26821.

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Objective: The aim was to investigate important bioactive compounds, biological activities, and medicinal importance of Zanthoxylum rhetsa fruits.Methods: The present work was carried out by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the identification of different compounds.Result: The methanolic extract of fruits showed 32 chemical compounds which are identified through GC-MS analysis. Among them, some of the compound names and percentage values are as follows: 2-propanone, 1,3-dihydroxy (48.9%), 4H-pyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (33.7%), 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5

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Weinberger, Pearl, Carmen DeChacin, and Margaret Czuba. "Effects of nonyl phenol, a pesticide surfactant, on some metabolic processes of Chlamydomonas segnis." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 4 (1987): 696–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-092.

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Nonyl phenol (2.5 μg mL−1) was added to populations of synchronized cells of Chlamydomonas segnis Ettl. at four different phases of their life cycle, namely, at −4 and −2 h before the dark period (corresponding to the end of G1 and S phase), at the initiation of the dark period (the end of S phase and the beginning of G2), and 2 h into the dark cycle (at cytokinesis). The treatment was generally algistatic for all treatment periods. However, nucleic acid synthesis was substantially unaffected, leading to cells with a 1.6- to 2.0-fold augmentation of their DNA content. Algicidal effects were ad

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Chien, J.-M., W.-Z. Liang, W.-C. Liao, et al. "Ca2+ movement and cytotoxicity induced by the pyrethroid pesticide bifenthrin in human prostate cancer cells." Human & Experimental Toxicology 38, no. 10 (2019): 1145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327119855129.

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Bifenthrin, a commonly used pyrethroid pesticide, evokes various toxicological effects in different models. However, the effect of bifenthrin on cytosolic-free Ca2+ level ([Ca2+] i) and cytotoxicity in human prostate cancer cells is unclear. This study examined whether bifenthrin altered Ca2+ homeostasis and cell viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. [Ca2+] i in suspended cells were measured using the fluorescent Ca2+-sensitive dye fura-2. Cell viability was examined by 4-[3-[4-lodophenyl]-2-4(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio-1,3-benzene disulfonate] water soluble tetrazolium-1 assay. Bi

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Suhak, O. A., О. I. Panasenko, and Ye G. Knysh. "Synthesis, physic and chemical properties of 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4h-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids and their salts." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 2 (August 14, 2018): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.2.17.06.

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Derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole are inherent in various types of biological activity. They can be used as pesticide and medicinal drugs (anticonvulsants, analgetics, antitumor and antibacterial). In this regard the search of new methods of synthesis and investigation of biological activity of 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids and their salts is relevant nowadays. With the aim of finding the new biologically active compounds 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids and their salts are synthesized, where R is methyl, ethy

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Isworo, Slamet, and Poerna Sri Oetari. "The Chemical Compounds from Degradation of Profenofos and Malathion by Indigenous Bacterial Consortium." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 15, no. 2 (2021): 897–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.15.2.47.

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The Indonesian Pesticide Regulations state that Malathion and Profenofos have been restricted in their use for agriculture because of is bioaccumulative in ecological systems. Cleaning technology using microorganisms is an effective solution for cleaning pesticide residues. This study aims to identify the bacteria that degrade and the degradation process of Malathion and Profenophos into non-toxic compounds. The research method was experimental, identification of bacteria by 16S-rRNA gene analysis, degradation ability by GC MS. The results of phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the tested b

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Ghanbarlou, Hosna, Nikoline Loklindt Pedersen, Morten Enggrob Simonsen, and Jens Muff. "Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Iron-Based Particle Electrode Outperforms Activated Carbon in Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Water Treatment Systems." Water 12, no. 11 (2020): 3121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113121.

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The synergy between electrochemical oxidation and adsorption on particle electrodes was investigated in three-dimensional (3D) systems for p-nitrosodimethylaniline (RNO) decolorization and pesticide removal. A comparison was made between granular activated carbon (GAC) and a novel synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene-based particle electrode (NCPE). Experiments on RNO decolorization show that the synergy parameter of the 3D-NCPE system was improved 3000 times compared to the studied 3D-GAC system. This was due to the specific nanostructure and composition of the NCPE material. Nitrogen-doped gr

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Loganathan, C., N. S. K. Gowthaman, and S. Abraham John. "Chain-like 2-amino-4-thiazoleacetic acid tethered AuNPs as colorimetric and spectrophotometric probe for organophosphate pesticide in water and fruit samples." Microchemical Journal 168 (September 2021): 106495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2021.106495.

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Nufus, Novita Hidayatun. "ANALISIS FITOKIMIA DAN UJI POTENSI EKSTRAK BUAH RENGGAK (Amomum Dealbatum) SEBAGAI PESTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP JAMUR Pyricularia Oryzae DAN BAKTERI Xanthomonas oryzae." Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 8, no. 1 (2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/bjib.v8i1.2661.

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This study aims to determine the potency of Renggak (Amomum dealbatum) extract as bio pesticide against Pyricularia oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae. Therefore an in vitro of antifungal and antibacterial activity of the Renggak ethanol extract were carried out against Pyricularia oeyzae and Xanthomonas oryzae. In vitro antifungal analysis were done using agar diffusing method by dissolving Renggak extract (1%, 5%, and 10%) into fungal medium and the growth of Pyricularia oryzae were observed. In vitro antibacterial analysis were complited using agar diffusing method with paper disk that contain R

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R., Vignesh, Bharath M.S, and Suneetha D.K. "THE PROFILE OF COMMON POISONINGS AND ITS OUTCOME IN A TERTIARY CAREHOSPITAL MYSURU." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 04 (2023): 1587–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16827.

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Background and Objective: Poisoning is a common medico-social problem worldwide. Its pattern and outcome varies from place to place causing significant morbidity and mortality.Hence this is an attempt to study the profile of common poisonings and its outcome inour tertiary-care hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study. we studied 100 admitted poisoning patients in Krishna Rajendra hospital, Mysore who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria .The demographic data, compound details, its complications and outcome were analyzed. Results: In this study most of

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Thangaraju, Umakanthan. "Detoxification of Triazophos Pesticide Residues in Foxtail Millets (Setaria Italica) Using Mid-Infrared Rays." Advances in Image and Video Processing 12, no. 6 (2024): 427–47. https://doi.org/10.14738/aivp.126.17957.

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Pesticide residues in agricultural products are currently inevitable and pose severe risks to human health and the environment. Present detoxification technologies for residues are less effective, not eco-friendly, reduce sensory attributes and nutrients of the agro products, and are uneconomical. To overcome this challenge to a certain extent, we developed a 2-6 µm mid-infrared generating atomizer, the mid-infrared was tried in the detoxification of pesticide viz. Triazophos. MIRGA accommodates water-based imbalance ionic solution. MIRGA spraying was performed externally over packaged (polyth

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Solovykh, N. V., and M. B. Yankovskaya. "Induction in vitro of adventitious morphogenesis in isolated tissues of the genus Rubus plants using cytokinins from adenine and diphenylurea groups." Horticulture and viticulture, no. 2 (May 26, 2020): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31676/0235-2591-2020-2-21-27.

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The eff ect of cytokinins from the adenine and diphenylurea groups on adventitious organogenesis in vitro in isolated tissues of the genus Rubus plants was studied. Leaf explants and callus of red raspberry of the Volnitsa variety, blackberry of the Chester Thornless variety and the Rubus odoratus species were cultivated in the dark at a temperature of +25 ±2 °C on Murashige and Skoog medium. The medium contained 0.5 mg/l of gibberellic acid (HA), 0.5 mg/l of indolylacetic acid (IAA), and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) at concentrations of 0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/l or thidiazuron (TDZ) at concentrations

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Ionescu, R. Adrian, Dejana Mitrovic, and Michael P. Wilkie. "Reversible disruptions to energy supply and acid-base balance in larval sea lamprey exposed to the pesticide: Niclosamide (2′,5-dichloro-4′-nitrosalicylanilide)." Aquatic Toxicology 242 (January 2022): 106006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106006.

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Yu, Yile, Yuxin Zhu, Jing Yang, Wentao Zhu, Zhiqiang Zhou, and Renke Zhang. "Effects of Dufulin on Oxidative Stress and Metabolomic Profile of Tubifex." Metabolites 11, no. 6 (2021): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11060381.

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Dufulin is a highly effective antiviral pesticide used in plants. In this study, a seven-day experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Dufulin at five different concentrations (1 × 10−4, 1 × 10−3, 1 × 10−2, 0.1, and 1 mg/L) on Tubifex. LC-MS-based metabolome analysis detected a total of 5356 features in positive and 9110 features in negative, of which 41 showed significant changes and were identified as differential metabolites. Four metabolic pathways were selected for further study. Detailed analysis revealed that Dufulin exposure affected the urea cycle of Tubifex, probably via ar

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Tabanca, Nurhayat, Marco Masi, Nancy D. Epsky, et al. "Laboratory Evaluation of Natural and Synthetic Aromatic Compounds as Potential Attractants for Male Mediterranean fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata." Molecules 24, no. 13 (2019): 2409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132409.

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Ceratitis capitata, the Mediterranean fruit fly, is one of the most serious agricultural pests worldwide responsible for significant reduction in fruit and vegetable yields. Eradication is expensive and often not feasible. Current control methods include the application of conventional insecticides, leading to pesticide resistance and unwanted environmental effects. The aim of this study was to identify potential new attractants for incorporation into more environmentally sound management programs for C. capitata. In initial binary choice bioassays against control, a series of naturally occurr

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