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Journal articles on the topic '4-Pyridones'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Sośnicki, Jacek G., and Tomasz J. Idzik. "Pyridones – Powerful Precursors for the Synthesis of Alkaloids, Their Derivatives, and Alkaloid-Inspired Compounds." Synthesis 51, no. 18 (2019): 3369–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611844.

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2-Pyridone is characterized by a very wide range of reactivity of a different nature, ranging from electrophilic aromatic substitution, CH–metal-mediated reactions, and NH/OH functionalization of both possible lactam/lactim tautomers, through cycloaddition, to nucleophilic addition and transformation of the tautomeric C=O/C–OH moiety. The high availability of 2-pyridones and the possibility of their far-reaching functionalization additionally increased their values. Therefore, they are very useful building blocks for the synthesis of structurally diverse piperidine and pyridine compounds, incl

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2

Tadic, Julijana, Marina Mihajlovic, Mica Jovanovic, and Dusan Mijin. "Continuous flow synthesis of some 6- and 1,6-substituted 3-cyano-4-methyl-2-pyridones." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 84, no. 6 (2019): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc180703092t.

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In this study, six 6- and 1,6-substituted-3-cyano-4-methyl-2-pyridones were synthesized in a continuous flow microreactor system. The syntheses were realized at room temperature and the obtained results were compared to those achieved within classical syntheses. In order to optimize the continuous flow syntheses and increase the yield of the products, the retention time in the microreactor was varied by changing the flow rates of the reactant solutions. Furthermore, the reaction was optimized for 3-cyano-4,6-dimethyl-2- -pyridone and 3-cyano-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pyridone, which are comercially

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3

Steparuk, Elena V., Dmitrii L. Obydennov, and Vyacheslav Y. Sosnovskikh. "Synthesis of 5-Aroyl-2-aryl-3-hydroxypyridin-4(1H)-ones." Molbank 2023, no. 2 (2023): M1668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m1668.

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A two-stage synthesis of 5-aroyl-2-aryl-3-hydroxypyridin-4(1H)-ones (56–66% overall yields) was carried out by refluxing 5-aroyl-3-(benzyloxy)-2-(het)aryl-4H-pyran-4-ones with ammonium acetate in AcOH and subsequent debenzylation. The prepared N-unsubstituted 4-pyridones exist in the pyridone tautomeric form.

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4

Hayat, Faisal, Manoj Sonavane, Mikhail V. Makarov, et al. "The Biochemical Pathways of Nicotinamide-Derived Pyridones." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3 (2021): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031145.

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As catabolites of nicotinamide possess physiological relevance, pyridones are often included in metabolomics measurements and associated with pathological outcomes in acute kidney injury (AKI). Pyridones are oxidation products of nicotinamide, its methylated form, and its ribosylated form. While they are viewed as markers of over-oxidation, they are often wrongly reported or mislabeled. To address this, we provide a comprehensive characterization of these catabolites of vitamin B3, justify their nomenclature, and differentiate between the biochemical pathways that lead to their generation. Fur

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5

Tan, Liquan, Peng Zhou, Cui Chen та Weibing Liu. "An efficient method for the construction of polysubstituted 4-pyridones via self-condensation of β-keto amides mediated by P2O5 and catalyzed by zinc bromide". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 9 (28 листопада 2013): 2681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.304.

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A self-condensation cyclization reaction mediated by phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and catalyzed by zinc bromide (ZnBr2) is presented for the synthesis of polysubstituted 4-pyridones and 2-pyridones from β-keto amides. A variety of β-keto amides are used in this approach, and a wide range of functionalized 4-pyridones and 2-pyridones were obtained in good to excellent yields. When employing the N-aryl β-keto amides as the substrates in this protocol, 4-pyridones are resulted, however, when using N-aliphatic-substituted β-keto amides as the partners of N-aryl β-keto amides under the same conditio

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6

Fischer, Christian B., Kurt Polborn, Harald Steininger, and Hendrik Zipse. "Synthesis and Solid-State Structures of Alkyl-Substituted 3-Cyano-2-pyridones." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 59, no. 10 (2004): 1121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2004-1008.

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AbstractA series of 3-cyano-pyridones carrying a variety of alkyl substituents at C-5 and C-6 has been synthesized and their solid-state structures have been studied. Hydrogen bonding interactions between individual pyridone molecules lead either to the formation of symmetric dimers of the R22 (8) type or to helical chains of the C(4) type. Based on known and calculated structures for the 2-pyridone parent system, the solid-state structures can be divided in two groups representing cases with little external influence on the hydrogen bonding array (group A) and those with a larger external inf

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7

Dostanic, Jasmina, Natasa Valentic, Gordana Uscumlic, and Dusan Mijin. "Synthesis of 5-(substituted phenylazo)-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-3- cyano-2-pyridones from ethyl 3-oxo-2-(substituted phenyldiazenyl)butanoates." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 76, no. 4 (2011): 499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc100618044d.

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A new procedure for the synthesis of known azo pyridone dyes is presented. A series of 5-(substituted arylazo)-6-hydroxy-4-methyl-3- cyano-2-pyridones were prepared from ethyl 3-oxo-2-(substituted phenyldiazenyl)butanoates and cyanoacetamide in acetone using potassium hydroxide as a catalyst by simple refluxing the reaction mixture. The structure of these dyes was confirmed by FT-IR, NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy.

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8

Mijin, Dusan, Gordana Uscumlic, and Natasa Valentic. "Synthesis and investigation of solvent effects on the ultraviolet absorption spectra of 5-substituted-4-methyl-3-cyano-6-hydroxy-2-pyridones." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 66, no. 8 (2001): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0108507m.

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A number of 5-substituted-4-methyl-3-cyano-6-hydroxy-2-pyridones from cyanoacetamide and the corresponding alkyl ethyl acetoacetates were synthesized according to modified literature procedures. The alkyl ethyl acetoacetates were obtained by the reaction of C-alkylation of ethyl acetoacetate. An investigation of the reaction conditions for the synthesis of 4-methyl-3-cyano-6-hydroxy-2-pyridone from cyanoacetamide and ethyl acetoacetate in eight different solvents was also performed. The ultraviolet absorption spectra of synthesized pyridones were measured in nine different solvents in the rang

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9

Gallagher, Timothy, and Aurélien Honraedt. "Concise Entries to 4-Halo-2-pyridones and 3-Bromo-4-halo-2-pyridones." Synlett 27, no. 01 (2015): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1560469.

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10

Liu, Shitao, Jisen Li, Junjie Lin, Fujun Liu, Teng Liu, and Chao Huang. "Substituent-controlled chemoselective synthesis of multi-substituted pyridones via a one-pot three-component cascade reaction." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 18, no. 6 (2020): 1130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ob02456e.

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11

Marinkovic, Aleksandar, Dusan Mijin, Jelena Mirkovic, Veselin Maslak, and Oliver Kappe. "A microwave approach to the synthesis of certain 4-substituted phenyl-6-phenyl-3-cyano-2-pyridones." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 79, no. 7 (2014): 759–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc130718145m.

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A study of the synthesis of 4-substituted phenyl-6-phenyl-3-cyano-2-pyridones from 2-cyano-3-phenylsubstituted acrylates and acetophenone is presented. 2-Pyridones were obtained using conventional as well as microwave synthesis using solvent and solvent free reactions in domestic and lab microwave ovens. The structure of the obtained pyridones was confirmed by m.p., FT-IR, NMR and UV data.

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12

Misic-Vukovic, Milica, Slobodanka Jovanovic, Dusan Mijin, Janos Csanadi, and Dejan Djokovic. "A study of substituent effects on the NH bond in alkyl and aryl 4,6-disubstituted-3-cyano-2-pyridones." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 72, no. 12 (2007): 1229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0712229m.

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Substituent effects on the IR stretching frequencies and 1H-NMR chemical shifts of the pyridone NH group in 4- and 6-disubstituted alkyl and aryl 3-cyano- 2-pyridones were investigated. The bands most sensitive to substituent effects from the broad and multiple IR NH band for each compound were selected by a computer calculation. The selected values of the IR frequencies and the determined 1H-NMR chemical shifts were subjected to LFER analysis, by correlations with the Hamett ?m/p and Swain-Lupton F and R substituent constants.

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13

Alder, J., J. Clement, J. Meulbroek, et al. "Efficacies of ABT-719 and related 2-pyridones, members of a new class of antibacterial agents, against experimental bacterial infections." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 39, no. 4 (1995): 971–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.39.4.971.

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The 2-pyridones are a new class of broad-spectrum orally bioavailable antibacterial agents. These compounds are potent bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitors which differ from fluoroquinolones by placement of the nitrogen atom in the ring juncture. ABT-719 is an S isomer and a representative 2-pyridone. ABT-719 administered orally or subcutaneously was 4- to 10-fold more effective than ciprofloxacin against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes infections in normal mice. ABT-719 was equivalent in efficacy to ciprofloxacin for treatment of gram-negative bacterial

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14

Stojanović, Milovan, Slobodan Bugarski, and Marija Baranac-Stojanović. "Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydro-4-pyridones and 4-Pyridones by the Cyclization Reaction of Ester-Tethered Enaminones." Journal of Organic Chemistry 85, no. 21 (2020): 13495–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.0c01537.

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15

K. L. Fung, Anthony, and Linus L. Shen. "The 2-Pyridone Antibacterial Agents: 8-Position Modifications." Current Pharmaceutical Design 5, no. 7 (1999): 515–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612805666230110213026.

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Improved potency against multiply resistant streptococci and anaerobic microorganisms relative to current antibiotics has been sought by many laboratories around the world. As one result of attempts to prepare analogs of 4-quinolone anti infectives bearing novel ring systems, the 2-pyridones were discovered. The 2- pyridones, which are bioisosteres of 4-quinolones, are highly active against a wide range of resistant strains of bacteria. Several hundreds of 2-pyridones have been synthesized incorporating modifications at various positions. In order to reduce the complexity of this review, only

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16

Štetinová, Jarmila, Rudolf Kada, Ján Leško, Lubomír Zalibera, Dušan Ilavský, and Alexander Bartovič. "Synthesis and Properties of Substituted 1-(2-Benzothiazolyl)-2-pyridones." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 60, no. 6 (1995): 999–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19950999.

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The studied 1-(2-benzothiazolyl)-2-pyridones Va-Vf were prepared from N-(2-benzothiazolyl)cyanoacetamide (II) which on reaction with 4-substituted benzaldehydes afforded 3-aryl-N-(2-benzothiazolyl)-2-cyano-2-propenamides IVa-IVg. Compounds IVa-IVf were cyclized with malonodinitrile in the presence of piperidine to give the corresponding pyridones Va-Vf.

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17

Harmata, Michael, and Dong Reyoul Lee. "A synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-4-pyridones." Arkivoc 2007, no. 5 (2006): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/ark.5550190.0008.509.

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18

Guerry, Philippe, and Reinhard Neier. "Photochemical Cycloadditions to 5,6-Dihydro-4-pyridones." CHIMIA 41, no. 10 (1987): 341. https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.1987.341.

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5,6-Dihydro-4-pyridones (3a-3c) undergo photochemical [2 + 2]-cycloaddition with olefins activated by an electron withdrawing group. Alkyl substituted double bonds could only be brought to react in the intramolecular cases 3d and 3e.

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19

Obydennov, Dmitrii L., Asmaa I. El-Tantawy, and Vyacheslav Y. Sosnovskikh. "Synthesis of Multifunctionalized 2,3-Dihydro-4-pyridones and 4-Pyridones via the Reaction of Carbamoylated Enaminones with Aldehydes." Journal of Organic Chemistry 83, no. 22 (2018): 13776–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.8b02075.

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20

Thallaj, Dr Nasser. "Biomimetic Synthesis and Phytochemical Analysis of Lodopyridone: Insights into 4-Pyridone Derivatives and Thiopeptide Antibiotics." International Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 5, no. 3 (2025): 9–19. https://doi.org/10.54105/ijapsr.b4069.05030425.

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This study explores the total biomimetic synthesis of lodopyridone, a rare 4-pyridone compound, and investigates the phytochemical properties of Lycopodiella cernua and Nitraria retusa. Despite the limited presence of naturally occurring 4- pyridones, a classification of 16 compounds is provided, highlighting their structural diversity and biosynthetic pathways. The work emphasizes the significance of thiopeptide antibiotics, showcasing their complex structures and antibiotic activities, which share biosynthetic similarities with lodopyridone. Proposed biosynthetic hypotheses suggest that lodo

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21

Mijin, Dusan, Gordana Uscumlic, Nada Perisic-Janjic, Ivan Trkulja, Maja Radetic, and Petar Jovancic. "Synthesis, properties and color assessment of some new 5-(3- and 4-substituted phenylazo)-4,6-dimethyl-3-cyano-2-pyridones." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 71, no. 5 (2006): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0605435m.

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A series of 5-(3- and 4-substituted phenylazo)-4,6-dimethyl-3-cyano-2-pyridones were synthesized, starting from acetylacetone and arenediazonium salt, followed by condensation with cyanoacetamide using a modified literature procedure. The experimental investigation included modification of the synthetic procedure in terms of solvent, temperature, isolation techniques as well as purification and identification of the products. The azo dyes were characterized by melting point, IR, UV/Vis, 1H NMR and MS data. HPLC analyses were also performed. The 2-hydroxypyridine/ 2-pyridone tautomeric equilibr

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22

Sieburth, Scott, Peiling Chen, and Patrick Carroll. "Intramolecular Reactivity of trans [4+4] Photodimers of 2-Pyridones." Synthesis 2007, no. 15 (2007): 2351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-983793.

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23

Dr., Nasser Thallaj. "Biomimetic Synthesis and Phytochemical Analysis of Lodopyridone: Insights into 4-Pyridone Derivatives and Thiopeptide Antibiotics." International Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (IJAPSR) 5, no. 3 (2025): 9–19. https://doi.org/10.54105/ijapsr.B4069.05030425.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> This study explores the total biomimetic synthesis of lodopyridone, a rare 4-pyridone compound, and investigates the phytochemical properties of Lycopodiella cernua and Nitraria retusa. Despite the limited presence of naturally occurring 4- pyridones, a classification of 16 compounds is provided, highlighting their structural diversity and biosynthetic pathways. The work emphasizes the significance of thiopeptide antibiotics, showcasing their complex structures and antibiotic activities, which share biosynthetic similarities with lodopyridone. Proposed biosynthetic h

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24

Katsina, Tania, Elissavet E. Anagnostaki, Foteini Mitsa, Vasiliki Sarli, and Alexandros L. Zografos. "Palladium-catalyzed direct alkenylation of 4-hydroxy-2-pyridones." RSC Advances 6, no. 9 (2016): 6978–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra26360c.

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25

Obydennov, D. L., L. R. Khammatova, O. S. Eltsov, and V. Y. Sosnovskikh. "A chemo- and regiocontrolled approach to bipyrazoles and pyridonesviathe reaction of ethyl 5-acyl-4-pyrone-2-carboxylates with hydrazines." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 16, no. 10 (2018): 1692–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ob02725g.

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26

Krutošíková, Alžbeta, and Róbert Sleziak. "Synthesis of 2-Arylfuro[3,2-c]pyridines and Their Derivatives." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 61, no. 11 (1996): 1627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19961627.

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A series of 2-arylfuro[3,2-c]pyridines was synthesized. 3-(5-Aryl-2-furyl)propenoic acids 1a-1h were converted to the acid azides 2a-2h, which in turn were cyclized to give 2-arylfuro[3,2-c]pyridine-4(5H)-ones 4a-4h by heating in Dowtherm. The pyridones 4a-4f were aromatized with phosphorus oxychloride to the 2-aryl-4-chlorofuro[3,2-c]pyridines 5a-5f, which were reduced with zinc and acetic acid to the title compounds 6a-6f. Reacted with phosphorus(V) sulfide, the pyridones 4a-4f yielded the corresponding thiones 7a-7f.

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27

Chou, Shang-Shing P., and Pong-Won Chen. "Cycloaddition reactions of 4-sulfur-substituted dihydro-2-pyridones and 2-pyridones with conjugated dienes." Tetrahedron 64, no. 8 (2008): 1879–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2007.11.090.

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28

Anagnostaki, Elissavet E., Anna D. Fotiadou, Vera Demertzidou, and Alexandros L. Zografos. "Palladium catalyzed C3-arylation of 4-hydroxy-2-pyridones." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 52 (2014): 6879–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc02166e.

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29

Štetinová, Jarmila, Rudolf Kada, Ján Leško, Miloslava Dandárová, and Marcela Krublová. "Synthesis and Spectral Properties of 1-(6-Methoxy-2-benzothiazolyl)-2-pyridones." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 61, no. 6 (1996): 921–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19960921.

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Substituted 1-(6-methoxy-2-benzothiazolyl)-2-pyridones 5a-5f have been prepared from N-(6-methoxy-2-benzothiazolyl)cyanoacetamide (2) which on reactions with 4-substituted benzaldehydes gives 3-aryl-2-cyano-N-(6-methoxy-2-benzothiazolyl)-2-propenamides 4a-4g. Derivatives 4a-4f were cyclized with malonodinitrile in the presence of piperidine to give the corresponding 2-pyridones 5a-5f. The IR, UV, 1H NMR and mass spectra of the substances synthesized are discussed.

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30

Comparini, Lucrezia Margherita, and Mauro Pineschi. "Recent Progresses in the Catalytic Stereoselective Dearomatization of Pyridines." Molecules 28, no. 17 (2023): 6186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176186.

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1,2- and 1,4-dihydropyridines and N-substituted 2-pyridones are very important structural motifs due to their synthetic versatility and vast presence in a variety of alkaloids and bioactive molecules. In this article, we gather and summarize the catalytic and stereoselective synthesis of partially hydrogenated pyridines and pyridones via the dearomative reactions of pyridine derivatives up to mid-2023. The material is fundamentally organized according to the type of reactivity (electrophilic/nucleophilic) of the pyridine nucleus. The material is further sub-divided taking into account the nucl

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31

Xu, Buzhe, Zhanling Cheng, and Lei Fu. "A facile synthesis of novel tricyclic 4-pyridones." Tetrahedron Letters 55, no. 52 (2014): 7194–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.11.003.

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32

Mintas, M., Z. Orhanović, K. Jakopčić, H. Koller, G. Stühler, and A. Mannschreck. "Enantiomers of sterically hindered n-aryl-4-pyridones." Tetrahedron 41, no. 1 (1985): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4020(01)83492-x.

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33

Weber, Horst, Gotelind von der Lippe та Magdalena Matyja. "Die oxidative Spaltung von Pseudobasen 2-α-alkylierter 2,3-Cycloalkenopyridinium-Salze / Oxidative Cleavage of Pseudobases from 2-α-Alkylated 2,3-Cycloalkenopyridinium Salts". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 41, № 5 (1986): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1986-0519.

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In contrast to former assumptions pyridinium salts with a tertiary 2-α-C-atom like 2 a and 16 are not oxidized to pyridinium-carbinol intermediates during alkaline hexacyanoferrate(III) oxidation because 10 yields the pyridones 11 and 12, both missing after oxidation of 2a. The title compounds 2 show the same reactivity against alkaline hexacyanoferrate(III). The pseudobases 14 suffer ring fission simultaneously forming the pyridones 6-8. 4 and 5 were characterized as further oxidation products of 2.

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34

Gandioso, Albert, Mohamed El Fakiri, Anna Rovira, and Vicente Marchán. "A simple method for the synthesis of N-difluoromethylated pyridines and 4-pyridones/quinolones by using BrCF2COOEt as the difluoromethylation reagent." RSC Advances 10, no. 50 (2020): 29829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra06322c.

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35

Kitagawa, Hideo, Ko Kumura, and Kunio Atsumi. "A Novel Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted-4-pyridones from 4-Methoxypyridine." Chemistry Letters 35, no. 7 (2006): 712–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2006.712.

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36

Khattab, Ahmed F. "Ring Closure of 4-Azido-3-formyl-(or Acetyl-)2-pyridones to Isoxazolo[4,3-c]pyridones." Liebigs Annalen 1996, no. 3 (2006): 393–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlac.199619960314.

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37

Yan, Weitao, Ruo Wang, Tesen Zhang, et al. "Synthesis of 4-trifluoromethyl 2-pyrones and pyridones through the Brønsted base-catalyzed Pechmann-type reaction with cyclic 1,3-diones." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 16, no. 48 (2018): 9440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob02701c.

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38

Buck, Judith, J. Paul Madeley, and Gerald Pattenden. "Lithiation of 4-methoxy-2-pyridones. Synthetic entry to tenellin and funiculosin, and related natural 3,5-disubstituted 4-oxy-2-pyridones." Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, no. 1 (1992): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/p19920000067.

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39

Bautista Maezono, Shizuka Mei, Tej Narayan Poudel, Likai Xia, and Yong Rok Lee. "A green synthetic approach to synthesizing diverse 2-pyridones for their exceptional UV shielding functions." RSC Advances 6, no. 85 (2016): 82321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra18661k.

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40

Pfefferkorn, Jeffrey A., Jihong Lou, Martha L. Minich, et al. "Pyridones as glucokinase activators: Identification of a unique metabolic liability of the 4-sulfonyl-2-pyridone heterocycle." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 19, no. 12 (2009): 3247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.107.

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41

Takahashi, Nobutaka, Kun Hoe Chung, Kwang Yun Cho, Yasuko Asami, and Shigeo Yoshida. "A Facile Synthesis of Substituted 4-Hydroxy-2-pyridones." HETEROCYCLES 32, no. 1 (1991): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-90-5631.

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42

Minich, Martha L., Isa D. Watson, Kevin J. Filipski, and Jeffrey A. Pfefferkorn. "Novel and efficient synthesis of 4-sulfonyl-2-pyridones." Tetrahedron Letters 50, no. 18 (2009): 2094–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.02.120.

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43

EROL, D., and N. YULUG. "Synthesis and antimicrobial investigation of thiazolinoalkyl-4(1H)-pyridones." European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 29, no. 11 (1994): 893–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0223-5234(94)90113-9.

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44

Bueno, José M., Pilar Manzano, María C. García, et al. "Potent antimalarial 4-pyridones with improved physico-chemical properties." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 21, no. 18 (2011): 5214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.07.044.

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45

Fedin, Vladislav V., Sergey A. Usachev, Dmitrii L. Obydennov, and Vyacheslav Y. Sosnovskikh. "Reactions of Trifluorotriacetic Acid Lactone and Hexafluorodehydroacetic Acid with Amines: Synthesis of Trifluoromethylated 4-Pyridones and Aminoenones." Molecules 27, no. 20 (2022): 7098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27207098.

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Dehydroacetic acid and triacetic acid lactone are known to be versatile substrates for the synthesis of a variety of azaheterocycles. However, their fluorinated analogs were poorly described in the literature. In the present work, we have investigated reactions of trifluorotriacetic acid lactone and hexafluorodehydroacetic acid with primary amines, phenylenediamine, and phenylhydrazine. While hexafluorodehydroacetic acid reacted the same way as non-fluorinated analog giving 2,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4-pyridones, trifluorotriacetic acid lactone had different regioselectivity of nucleophilic atta

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Khatri, Buddha B., Darius Vrubliauskas, and Scott McN Sieburth. "Photo-[4+4]-cycloaddition (para) of meta-substituted benzenes with 2-pyridones." Tetrahedron Letters 56, no. 30 (2015): 4520–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.05.109.

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Obydennov, Dmitrii L., Asmaa I. El-Tantawy, and Vyacheslav Ya Sosnovskikh. "Bio-based triacetic acid lactone in the synthesis of azaheterocyclesviaa ring-opening transformation." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 11 (2018): 8943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj01044g.

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In the present article a new way of converting biobased triacetic acid lactone (TAL) into azaheterocyclic compounds, such as 4-pyridones, pyrazoles, isoxazolines and isoxazoles, has been found through reactive and multifunctional polycarbonyl intermediates.

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Marinkovic, Aleksandar, Natasa Valentic, Dusan Mijin, Gordana Uscumlic, and Bratislav Jovanovic. "13C- and 1H-NMR substituent-induced chemical shifts in N(1)-(4-substituted phenyl)-3-cyano-4,6-dimethyl-2-pyridones." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 73, no. 5 (2008): 513–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0805513m.

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Abstract:

The 13C- and 1H-NMR chemical shifts of thirteen N(1)-(4-substituted phenyl)-3-cyano-4,6-dimethyl-2-pyridones were measured in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d6). The correlation analysis for the substituent-induced chemical shifts (SCS) with ?p, inductive (?I) and different scale of resonance (?R) parameters were performed using the SSP (single substituent parameter), DSP (dual substituent parameter) and DSP-NLR (dual substituent parameter-non-linear resonance) methods. The results of the calculations concerning the polar and resonance effects satisfactorily describe the substituent effec

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Mao, Ziling, Mengyao Xue, Gan Gu, et al. "Lophiostomin A–D: new 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin derivatives from the endophytic fungus Lophiostoma sp. Sigrf10." RSC Advances 10, no. 12 (2020): 6985–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra00538j.

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Four new 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin congeners, named lophiostomin A–D (1–4), together with two known α-pyridones (5 and 6) were isolated from cultures of the endophytic fungus Lophiostoma sp. Sigrf10 obtained from Siraitia grosvenorii.

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KHATTAB, A. F. "ChemInform Abstract: Ring Closure of 4-Azido-3-formyl-(or acetyl-)2-pyridones to Isoxazolo( 4,3-c)pyridones." ChemInform 27, no. 37 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199637207.

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