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Journal articles on the topic '4.Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Saiyad, R., and G. Desai. "Utilization of funds allocated for Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin and its impact in the state of Gujarat." Journal of the Social Sciences 48, no. 2 (2020): 350–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545435.

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Swachh Bharat Mission, a national level campaign, launched by the Government of India is a foremost step towards the protection of degrading environment. The objectives of the campaign include elimination of open defection, conversion of insanitary toilets to pour flush toilets, eradication of manual scavenging and above all to bring about a behavioral change in people regarding healthy sanitation practices and to ensure public participation in achieving these objectives. Globally, India continues to be the country with highest number of people practicing open defection. If Swachh Bharat Missi

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2

Supreeta, Desai, and Sudeshna Roy Prof. "A Review of Cleanliness Mission "Swachh Bharat Abhiyan" A Survey done for Thane District." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 4 (2018): 2824–30. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd15744.

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Living within the lap of nature is an ecstasy. The need of the hour is to conserve and safeguard the aura and ecological life balance of nature. This menace may be fought against solely by creating awareness in the society. "Cleaning and organizing is a practice and not a project" Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a mission towards protecting our environment from getting filthy. It was a major step taken by the Government of India and the objective is to eliminate open defection, conversion of insanitary toilets to pour flush toilets and eradication of manual scavenging. Cooperation of people

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Saiyad, R. "An analysis of Psycho-social elements of Hygiene with reference to the Clean India Campaign." NeuroQuantology 20, no. 11 (2023): 4126–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7660745.

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This study aims to understand social species that create emergent organizations beyond the individual. These emergent structures evolved hand in hand with neural, hormonal, cellular, and genetic mechanisms to support them because the consequent social behaviors helped these organisms survive, reproduce, and care for offspring sufficiently long that they too reproduced. Social neuroscience seeks to specify the neural, hormonal, cellular, and genetic mechanisms underlying social behavior, and in so doing to understand the associations and influences between social and biological levels of organi

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4

Dr., Bharati M. Averi. "A Scrutiny on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan's Social Effects in India." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 4, no. 3 (2023): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7598064.

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The Swachh Bharat Mission must continue to operate in India till its objective is met. Having a genuine sense of physical, mental, social, and intellectual well-being is crucial for the people of India. The goal is to improve living conditions in India by practical measures, and bringing about general cleanliness is a good place to start. The Swachh Bharat Mission for urban areas intends to provide 2.6 lakh public restrooms, 2.5 lakh community restrooms, and solid waste management in every town to over 1.04 crore homes. The Gramin Swachh Bharat Mission carries out cleanliness campaigns in rura

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Narayan, Abishek S., Max Maurer, and Christoph Lüthi. "The clean plan: analysing sanitation planning in India using the CWIS planning framework." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 11, no. 6 (2021): 1036–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2021.130.

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Abstract Sanitation in India has received national attention for over a decade, especially with the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) making it a political priority. However, due to the lack of appropriate sanitation planning practices, there have been little long-term gains made in urban sanitation beyond the ending of open defaecation. In this paper, we analyse the key barriers to sanitation planning, in India, in the context of the emerging paradigm of Citywide Inclusive Sanitation (CWIS). A mixed method approach of shit flow diagrams, social network analysis, policy analysis, interviews and work

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Natarajan, Iswarya, Kathiravan Rajendran, Seetharaman Narayanan, and Jeevithan Shanmugam. "Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin: Uptake and challenges in rural Coimbatore." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 13, no. 10 (2024): 4539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_91_24.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related infectious diseases contribute to approximately 5% of the global disease burden. Despite sanitation being a human right, 673 million people worldwide had limited access to toilets. To tackle the same, Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin (SBM-G) was launched in 2014 to facilitate the construction of over 100 million individual household latrines (IHHLs) across India. However, literature evidence on acceptance of SBM-G in Tamil Nadu, particularly in Coimbatore, is scarce. Objectives: The primary objective was to investigate the utilis

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Singh, Renu. "Swachh Bharat Mission – Gramin: Role in Improving Sanitation Status in India." Public Affairs And Governance 7, no. 2 (2019): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-2136.2019.00009.2.

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Saiyad, Rifakat. "RURAL SANITATION IN INDIA-2020." Dogo Rangsang Research Journal 10, no. 12 (2020): 177–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7710611.

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The perception of sanitation generally includes waste disposal, personal hygiene and household as well as environmental hygiene. It would not be incorrect to articulate that it barely describes the sanitary conditions as they acquire in the rural India. The majority of the citizens still defecate in the open space, the majority of the villages lack waste management and sewage systems and many in the villages are unaware about the outcomes of poor sanitation and insanitary conditions. As a result, many people suffer and even die of diseases caused by harmful practices of personal and ecological

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Janaki Krishna, P. S., R. K. Mishra, and Maschendar Goud. "Factors influencing sustainability of open defecation free (ODF) status in rural India: A cross sectional study." IP Journal of Nutrition, Metabolism and Health Science 4, no. 3 (2021): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2021.021.

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Tackling a simple and sensitive concern of ‘Open Defecation (OD)’ is such a compounded and righteous challenge that enormous efforts and resources are needed to bring in the desired changes in the villages. Towards this, attaining open defecation free (ODF) status by providing toilet facilities to every household is the foremost step in rural sanitation programme under Swachh Bharat Mission – Gramin (SBM –G) being implemented by the Government of India. The present paper aims to examine the factors that have influence in attaining ODF status in rural areas. In this study, various parameters th

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Curtis, Val. "Explaining the outcomes of the 'Clean India' campaign: institutional behaviour and sanitation transformation in India." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 5 (2019): e001892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001892.

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IntroductionMany less developed countries are struggling to provide universal access to safe sanitation, but in the past 5 years India has almost reached its target of eliminating open defaecation.ObjectiveTo understand how the Indian government effected this sanitation transformation.MethodsThe study employed interviews with 17 actors in the government’s ‘Clean India’ programme across the national capital and four states, which were analysed using a theory of change grounded in Behaviour Centred Design.ResultsThe Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) claims to have improved the coverage of toilets i

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Dr., Mohammad Taufique. "Open Defecation and Poor Sanitation Condition a Serious Menace to Human Health and Dignity A Micro Level Analysis of Indian Villages." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 4, no. 3 (2020): 781–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3892617.

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Open defection is the practice of people defecting outside and not into a designated toilet. In rural India the open defection practices is the way of life. According to 2011 Census of India, 53.12 Per cent of the rural household did not use any kind of toilet. Human excreta are the principal source of over 50 types of infections and causes almost 80 per cent of human diseases. The main objectives of this research paper is to know the health related problems of open defecators people and what are the major causes to such practices. Malda district of West Bengal has been selected as a study are

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Vasudevan, Swarnapriya, Srinivasan Nallasamy, and Arjun Loganathan. "Determinants of open-air defecation in rural Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 2 (2020): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200417.

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Background: Open defecation refers to the practice whereby people go out in fields, bushes, forests, open bodies of water, or other open spaces rather than using toilet to defecate. This practice contributes to the emergence of infectious diseases which forms a threat to health of people. This study attempts to find the prevalence of open-air defecation (OAD) and to explore factors influencing the practice.Methods: The present study was a community based cross-sectional study taken up in the C. Manampadi village covering 153 households. A semi structured questionnaire along with the Swachh Bha

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Vaseem, Mr Prince. "Performance Assessment of a Subsurface Constructed Wetland for Greywater Reuse in a High-Footfall Religious Zone." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 6 (2025): 2777–83. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.72780.

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The increasing demand for water in urban and peri-urban regions, especially in high-footfall areas like religious tourism zones, necessitates innovative and sustainable wastewater management solutions. This study investigates the treatment performance, reuse feasibility, and cost-effectiveness of a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland system (HSSF CW) designed to treat greywater generated during the Ardh Kumbh Mela in Prayagraj, India. Greywater samples were collected across 12 events spanning pre-monsoon and winter seasons. Parameters such as BOD, COD, TSS, pH, and Total Nitrogen we

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Takhelchangbam, Nilima D., Deepanshi Saxena, Divyata Sachan, et al. "Barriers of household toilet utilization among toilet owners in a rural area of Northern India: An analytical cross-sectional study." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 12, no. 9 (2023): 1984–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_515_23.

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ABSTRACT Background: Open defecation continues to prevail among toilet owners despite effective implementation of the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin). We conducted this study to determine toilet utilization rates and learn about the barriers to toilet use in the rural areas. By understanding the barriers, physicians can provide targeted education and become better equipped to manage their patients’ conditions and advocate for their demands. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on the households of the rural field practice areas of the department in central Uttar Pradesh b

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Mohd, Ashraf Mir, Vibha Doorwar Dr., and Azad Suheel. "Impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act MGNREGA on Unemployment and Village Economy." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 4 (2018): 137–44. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd12857.

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Eradicating Extreme Poverty and Hunger is the first and the primary concern of Millennium Development Goals MDGs . The primary consideration to trigger development should be to maximize work opportunities for the unemployed and under employed. A multifaceted developmental strategy has been adopted to address the needs of the poor by ensuring their basic rights and to promote economic growth. To fight unemployment , poverty and enhance livelihood security more effectively with multiplier effect on Social Capital formation ,Physical Capital, Ecological Synergies, Strengthen Democratic Process an

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Kshatri, J. S., Manasee Panda, and R. M. Tripathy. "Ecological study for prioritization of districts of Odisha for swacch bharat mission implementation based on a new modified environmental sanitation index using census 2011 and AHS 2012 data." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 4 (2017): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171335.

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Background: Open defecation practices and contaminated drinking water are the two major sources of excreta-related infections. Swacch Bharat Mission (SBM) is a cleanliness campaign launched in India in 2014 for duration of five years. Primary Objectives: 1. Determine the effect of open defecation and drinking water sources on the incidence of diarrheal diseases in Odisha. 2. Categorisation of the districts according to a Modified Environmental Sanitation Index (M.E.S.I).Methods: Type of study: Ecological study. Study instrument: Secondary data collected from Census of India-2011 and Annual Hea

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Jain, Amit Kumar, and Anuj Kumar Ruhela. "A REVIEW ON SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAN." Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language 6, no. 26 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjhsel.v6i26.11571.

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India is a home to 1.21 billion people, about one-sixth of the world’s population. The Prime Minister of India launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) on 2nd October, 2014 to accelerate the efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage and to put focus on sanitation. It is India's biggest ever cleanliness drive and 3 million government employees and school and college students of India participated in this event. The SBM has two sub-missions, the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) and the Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban). Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation is the nodal Ministry for SBM (Gr

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Shubham Kumar, Shalu Bhardwaj, Siddharth Singh, and Kumud Tiwari. "A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Sawachh Bharat Abhiyan among People Living in Urban Area of Sasaram, Rohtas with a View to Develop Information Booklet." International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, July 26, 2022, 630–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-5874.

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Swachh Bharat Mission was launched by our Hon. Prime Minister, ShriNarendraModi on October 2, 2014 with Mahatma Gandhi as the inspiration, to create a clean India of his dream by 2019, on his 150th birth anniversary. The basic objective is to create sanitation facilities for all and eliminate completely the unhealthy practice of open defecation. This study is conducted to assess knowledge, regarding Swachh Bharat Abhiyan among urban people. Methods: descriptive suvey research study was conducted among 60 subjects of urban area with self-structured questionnaire in order to assess their knowled

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VerKuilen, Anna, Lauren Sprouse, Rachel Beardsley, Sarah Lebu, Aaron Salzberg, and Musa Manga. "Effectiveness of the Swachh Bharat Mission and barriers to ending open defecation in India: a systematic review." Frontiers in Environmental Science 11 (May 9, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1141825.

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In 2016, nearly 60% of the population of India practiced open defecation (OD), which was 4 times the global rate, and reducing OD in India will be essential in meeting Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6.2 and improving global public health. The government of India launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) in 2014 with one key goal for all Indian states to achieve OD-free (ODF) status by 2019. Despite reports from the Government of India on the success of SBM, the true ODF status of Indian states is still unknown. A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted to assess the impa

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`Indira, Khangembam. "Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) and Practices of Solid Waste Management in Rural Sikkim." Journal of Rural Development, June 1, 2024, 334–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25175/jrd/2023/v42/i4/157473.

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Generation of waste and disposal in rural areas has not been the prime focus for deliberation, unlike the urban areas where it is regarded as a crucial issue that demands immediate attention and solution. Until recently, managing solid waste was not considered an issue in rural areas of Sikkim. However, with the proliferation of solid waste in recent years due to increasing population, the growth of tourism industry and changing consumption patterns have prompted the government of Sikkim to decentralise the responsibility of managing solid waste in compliance with the guidelines of Swachh Bhar

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Francis, Philip Barclay, R. Shamala, BoobalakrishnanN, and Kumar Gouda Nikhil. "Clean India Campaign: Awareness, Adoption, Usage and Barriers." December 1, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7457879.

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Abstract. Sanitation and allied health issues are causes for serious concern in India, especially the ruralscape. Through its flagship programme, Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin), the Centre aims at addressing a major part of the sanitation issue. Several aspects of this scheme demand scholarly evaluation for successful implementation. Hence, the present study aims to measure the following: perception and awareness about sanitation, the need for toilets and the SBM (G) scheme; access to the scheme; level of adoption; usage; and the barriers that stand between awareness and adoption, using a surv

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Khare, Kopal, and Lavanya Suresh. "Justice and sanitation well-being: an analysis of frameworks in the context of slippage, based on findings from Shravasti, Uttar Pradesh, India." Journal of Water and Health, September 13, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2021.094.

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Abstract Access to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation is considered as a basic human right. Swachh Bharat Mission – Gramin (Rural), launched by the Government of India in 2014, is hailed as an attempt towards that direction. On 2nd October 2019, India was declared free from open defecation, with rural households having full toilet coverage. However, despite Government claims, the existing literature indicates the presence of slippage: where households practice open defecation despite having access to toilets. Equating progress in sanitation interventions with mere toilet provision pre

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