Academic literature on the topic '40S ribosome'

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Journal articles on the topic "40S ribosome"

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Coyle, Scott M., Wendy V. Gilbert, and Jennifer A. Doudna. "Direct Link between RACK1 Function and Localization at the Ribosome In Vivo." Molecular and Cellular Biology 29, no. 6 (2008): 1626–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.01718-08.

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ABSTRACT The receptor for activated C-kinase (RACK1), a conserved protein implicated in numerous signaling pathways, is a stoichiometric component of eukaryotic ribosomes located on the head of the 40S ribosomal subunit. To test the hypothesis that ribosome association is central to the function of RACK1 in vivo, we determined the 2.1-Å crystal structure of RACK1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Asc1p) and used it to design eight mutant versions of RACK1 to assess roles in ribosome binding and in vivo function. Conserved charged amino acids on one side of the β-propeller structure were found to
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Bhattacharya, Arpita, Kerri B. McIntosh, Ian M. Willis, and Jonathan R. Warner. "Why Dom34 Stimulates Growth of Cells with Defects of 40S Ribosomal Subunit Biosynthesis." Molecular and Cellular Biology 30, no. 23 (2010): 5562–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00618-10.

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ABSTRACT A set of genome-wide screens for proteins whose absence exacerbates growth defects due to pseudo-haploinsufficiency of ribosomal proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae identified Dom34 as being particularly important for cell growth when there is a deficit of 40S ribosomal subunits. In contrast, strains with a deficit of 60S ribosomal proteins were largely insensitive to the loss of Dom34. The slow growth of cells lacking Dom34 and haploinsufficient for a protein of the 40S subunit is caused by a severe shortage of 40S subunits available for translation initiation due to a combination o
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Shayan, Ramtin, Dana Rinaldi, Natacha Larburu, et al. "Good Vibrations: Structural Remodeling of Maturing Yeast Pre-40S Ribosomal Particles Followed by Cryo-Electron Microscopy." Molecules 25, no. 5 (2020): 1125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051125.

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Assembly of eukaryotic ribosomal subunits is a very complex and sequential process that starts in the nucleolus and finishes in the cytoplasm with the formation of functional ribosomes. Over the past few years, characterization of the many molecular events underlying eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis has been drastically improved by the “resolution revolution” of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). However, if very early maturation events have been well characterized for both yeast ribosomal subunits, little is known regarding the final maturation steps occurring to the small (40S) ribosomal subu
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Salih, Karzan Jalal, Owen Duncan, Lei Li, Josua Trösch, and A. Harvey Millar. "The composition and turnover of the Arabidopsis thaliana 80S cytosolic ribosome." Biochemical Journal 477, no. 16 (2020): 3019–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20200385.

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Cytosolic 80S ribosomes contain proteins of the mature cytosolic ribosome (r-proteins) as well as proteins with roles in ribosome biogenesis, protein folding or modification. Here, we refined the core r-protein composition in Arabidopsis thaliana by determining the abundance of different proteins during enrichment of ribosomes from cell cultures using peptide mass spectrometry. The turnover rates of 26 40S subunit r-proteins and 29 60S subunit r-proteins were also determined, showing that half of the ribosome population is replaced every 3–4 days. Three enriched proteins showed significantly s
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Gerbasi, Vincent R., Connie M. Weaver, Salisha Hill, David B. Friedman, and Andrew J. Link. "Yeast Asc1p and Mammalian RACK1 Are Functionally Orthologous Core 40S Ribosomal Proteins That Repress Gene Expression." Molecular and Cellular Biology 24, no. 18 (2004): 8276–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.18.8276-8287.2004.

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ABSTRACT Translation of mRNA into protein is a fundamental step in eukaryotic gene expression requiring the large (60S) and small (40S) ribosome subunits and associated proteins. By modern proteomic approaches, we previously identified a novel 40S-associated protein named Asc1p in budding yeast and RACK1 in mammals. The goals of this study were to establish Asc1p or RACK1 as a core conserved eukaryotic ribosomal protein and to determine the role of Asc1p or RACK1 in translational control. We provide biochemical, evolutionary, genetic, and functional evidence showing that Asc1p or RACK1 is inde
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Liu, Phillip C. C., and Dennis J. Thiele. "Novel Stress-responsive Genes EMG1 and NOP14 Encode Conserved, Interacting Proteins Required for 40S Ribosome Biogenesis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 12, no. 11 (2001): 3644–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.12.11.3644.

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Under stressful conditions organisms adjust the synthesis, processing, and trafficking of molecules to allow survival from and recovery after stress. In baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the cellular production of ribosomes is tightly matched with environmental conditions and nutrient availability through coordinate transcriptional regulation of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis. On the basis of stress-responsive gene expression and functional studies, we have identified a novel, evolutionarily conserved gene, EMG1, that has similar stress-responsive gene expression patterns as ribos
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Bachand, François, Daniel H. Lackner, Jürg Bähler, and Pamela A. Silver. "Autoregulation of Ribosome Biosynthesis by a Translational Response in Fission Yeast." Molecular and Cellular Biology 26, no. 5 (2006): 1731–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.26.5.1731-1742.2006.

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ABSTRACT Maintaining the appropriate balance between the small and large ribosomal subunits is critical for translation and cell growth. We previously identified the 40S ribosomal protein S2 (rpS2) as a substrate of the protein arginine methyltransferase 3 (RMT3) and reported a misregulation of the 40S/60S ratio in rmt3 deletion mutants of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. For this study, using DNA microarrays, we have investigated the genome-wide biological response of rmt3-null cells to this ribosomal subunit imbalance. Whereas little change was observed at the transcriptional level, a number of ge
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Firmino, Alexandre Augusto Pereira, Michal Gorka, Alexander Graf, et al. "Separation and Paired Proteome Profiling of Plant Chloroplast and Cytoplasmic Ribosomes." Plants 9, no. 7 (2020): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070892.

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Conventional preparation methods of plant ribosomes fail to resolve non-translating chloroplast or cytoplasmic ribosome subunits from translating fractions. We established preparation of these ribosome complexes from Arabidopsis thaliana leaf, root, and seed tissues by optimized sucrose density gradient centrifugation of protease protected plant extracts. The method co-purified non-translating 30S and 40S ribosome subunits separated non-translating 50S from 60S subunits, and resolved assembled monosomes from low oligomeric polysomes. Combining ribosome fractionation with microfluidic rRNA anal
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Landry-Voyer, Anne-Marie, Sarah Bilodeau, Danny Bergeron, et al. "Human PDCD2L Is an Export Substrate of CRM1 That Associates with 40S Ribosomal Subunit Precursors." Molecular and Cellular Biology 36, no. 24 (2016): 3019–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.00303-16.

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Protein arginine methyltransferase 3 (PRMT3) forms a stable complex with 40S ribosomal protein S2 (RPS2) and contributes to ribosome biogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism by which PRMT3 influences ribosome biogenesis and/or function still remains unclear. Using quantitative proteomics, we identified human programmed cell death 2-like (PDCD2L) as a novel PRMT3-associated protein. Our data suggest that RPS2 promotes the formation of a conserved extraribosomal complex with PRMT3 and PDCD2L. We also show that PDCD2L associates with 40S subunit precursors that contain a 3′-extended form of t
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Walters, Beth, Armend Axhemi, Eckhard Jankowsky, and Sunnie R. Thompson. "Binding of a viral IRES to the 40S subunit occurs in two successive steps mediated by eS25." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 14 (2020): 8063–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa547.

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Abstract The mechanism for how internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) recruit ribosomes to initiate translation of an mRNA is not completely understood. We investigated how a 40S subunit was recruited by the cricket paralysis virus intergenic region (CrPV IGR) IRES to form a stable 40S–IRES complex. Kinetic binding studies revealed that formation of the complex between the CrPV IGR and the 40S subunit consisted of two-steps: an initial fast binding step of the IRES to the 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by a slow unimolecular reaction consistent with a conformational change that stabilized the
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "40S ribosome"

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Aspden, Julie. "The 'biochemical mechanics' of 40S ribosome scanning." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596194.

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The overall aim of this work was to gain further insight into the biochemistry of the mechanism of mammalian 40S ribosomal scanning during initiation of mRNA translation. One project was designed to measure the speed of scanning over different lengths of 5’-untranslated region (5’-UTR). To this end, two related mRNAs were co-translated at room temperature (26°C) <i>in vitro</i>; they differed only in that one had a small deletion in the coding region, and one had a longer 5’-UTR than the other. The time-lags between addition of the mRNA to the assay and the first initiation events on the two m
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Soudet, Julien. "Étude de la maturation cytoplasmique de la petite sous-unité ribosomique chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2286/.

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Les ribosomes constituent un des acteurs majeurs du mécanisme de traduction dans toute cellule vivante. La synthèse des ribosomes est un processus complexe commençant par la transcription d'un pré-ARN ribosomique (ARNr) contenant les futurs ARNr matures ainsi que des séquences qui vont être coupées tout au long de la biogenèse des sous-unités ribosomiques. Chez Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ce ne sont pas moins de 200 facteurs qui interviennent tout au long de ce processus. Nous nous sommes intéressés plus précisément à l'étape cytoplasmique de maturation de la petite sous-unité ribosomique, consi
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Raoelijaona, Raivoniaina. "Compréhension des rôles des complexes Nob1/Pno1 et RPS14/Cinap dans la maturation cytoplasmique de la petite sous-unité ribosomique (pré-40S) chez les eucaryotes." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0221/document.

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Les ribosomes sont des complexes nucléoproétiques responsables de la traduction. Chez les eucaryotes, la biogenèse du ribosome est un processus complexe très régulé qui fait intervenir un nombre important de facteurs d’assemblages (~200). La construction d’un ribosome est initiée dans le nucléole puis continue dans le nucléoplasme et se termine dans le cytoplasme. La maturation cytoplasmique de la petite sous-unité ribosomale implique la dissociation séquentielle des facteurs d’assemblage tardifs et la maturation finale de l’ARNr 18S. Ce processus est catalysé par l’endonucléase Nob1 qui assur
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Ameur, Melissa. "Les mécanismes d’initiation de la traduction de la polyprotéine Gag du Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humaine (VIH-1)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB125/document.

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L'ARN génomique du Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine-1 (VIH-1) est multifonctionnel. Il constitue le génome encapsidé dans les virions et sert d'ARN messager pour la traduction des protéines virales Gag et Gag-Pol. La traduction de ces protéines dépend exclusivement de la machinerie traductionnelle cellulaire et est initiée par deux mécanismes différents : l'initiation canonique dépendante de la coiffe et l'initiation par entrée interne des ribosomes (IRES). Le VIH-1 présente deux IRES, l'un dans la région 5' non traduite (5'-UTR) qui est stimulé en phase G2/M du cycle cellulaire et l'autre
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Galián, Megías José Antonio. "Estudio de la evolución del espaciador ribosomal intergénico 45S (IGS45S) y otras familias de ADN repetido en plantas, mediantes técnicas moleculares y citogenéticas." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/146174.

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Tesis por compendio de publicaciones<br>El objetivo fundamental de esta tesis fue ahondar en los procesos de evolución molecular de algunas de las distintas familias de ADN repetido que se usan de forma rutinaria en los trabajos de taxonomía, filogeografía y filogenética de plantas, para con herramientas de biología molecular (PCR, clonación, secuenciación…) y citogenética molecular (FISH) poner a prueba las teorías generalmente aceptadas sobre los procesos de variación y homogeneización de tales secuencias repetidas. En el primer trabajo de esta tesis como compendio de artículos, utilizando l
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Picart, Picolo Ariadna. "L'importance du nucléole et des gènes d'ARN ribosomique 45S dans l'organisation 3D et la stabilité du génome chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0025/document.

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Le nucléole est le site de biogenèse des ribosomes, qui commence par la transcription des gènes d’ARN ribosomique (ARNr). Cependant, le nucléole est également impliqué dans d'autres processus cellulaires, comme l’organisation 3D du génome. Ainsi, des régions génomiques appelées NADs pour Nucleolus-Associated chromatin Domains, ont été identifiées dans des cellules animales et végétales. Ces régions sont surtout hétérochromatiques et les gènes associés ont tendance a être peu ou pas transcrits. Un des objectifs de ma thèse a été d’étudier l’implication du nucléole dans l’organisation de la chro
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Beznosková, Petra. "Úloha translačního iniciačního faktoru 3 v terminaci translace." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-341987.

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Protein synthesis is a tightly regulated process of gene expression. Each gene has its start and its stop, which is determined by one of the three stop codons. Many recent articles describe ribosomes that purposely bypass stops on specific mRNAs to extend the nascent polypeptide to alter its properties. It is called programmed stop codon readthrough. Since over 15% of human genetic diseases are caused by so called premature termination codons (PTC) that halt translation and produce truncated proteins, this mechanism has a great potential implication in medical research. Numerous labs search fo
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Sardana, Richa. "From knobs to a central pseudoknot : understanding 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis through Bud23." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/30458.

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Ribosomes are universally conserved macromolecular machines that translate cellular genetic information into proteins. All ribosomes are com- posed of two ribonucleoprotein subunits. In eukaryotes these are called 40S (small) and 60S (large) subunits. Biogenesis of both subunits begins from a common precursor ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript in the nucleolus. The 18S rRNA of the small subunit is encoded in the 5ʹ end of the precursor transcript. U3 snoRNA and about 70 accessory factors associate with the 50 end of the pre-rRNA, to form the SSU processome or 90S pre-ribosome, which can be observ
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Jobe, Amy Beth. "Cryo-electron microscopy and single particle reconstructions of the Leishmania major ribosome and of the encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosome entry site bound to the 40S subunit." Thesis, 2017. https://doi.org/10.7916/D85T3R4W.

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The ribosome is a macromolecular machine, present in high copy number in the cell, that synthesizes proteins from information encoded in messenger RNA. It is a universal translator, found in all life forms and in all eras recent enough to bear life. The ribosome is structurally complex and its structure is highly evolutionarily conserved; that conservation reinforces the concept that its function in executing translation is essential. As a subject of study, the ribosome lends itself well to direct imaging, as it is large, asymmetric, dynamic, and it interacts with other heterogeneous agents t
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Zeman, Jakub. "Vazba eIF3 v komplexu s eIF5 a eIF1 na ribosomální podjednotku 40S je doprovázena dramatickými strukturními změnami." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405667.

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In eukaryotic translation, eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are at least as important as the ribosome itself. Some of these factors play different roles throughout the entire process to ensure proper assembly of the preinitiation complex on mRNA, accurate selection of the initiation codon, errorless production of the encoded polypeptide and its proper termination. Perhaps, the most important factor integrating signals from others and coordinating their functions on the ribosome is eIF3. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, eIF3 is formed by five subunits. All these subunits contain structural moti
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Book chapters on the topic "40S ribosome"

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Bandi, H. R., S. Ferrari, H. E. Meyer, and G. Thomas. "Characterization of the Phosphorylation Sites of 40S Ribosomal Protein S6." In Cellular Regulation by Protein Phosphorylation. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75142-4_30.

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Grierson, Donald. "Purification of Plant Ribosomal DNA." In Springer Protocols Handbooks. Humana Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-405-0_11.

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Ghadially, Feroze N. "Ribosome-lamella complex." In Diagnostic Electron Microscopy of Tumours. Elsevier, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-407-00299-9.50034-8.

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Frank, Joachim. "Computer Averaging of Electron Micrographs of 40S Ribosomal Subunits." In Series in Structural Biology. World Scientific, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813234864_0009.

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Hames, David, and Nigel Hooper. "Ribosomal Rna." In Instant Notes Biochemistry. Taylor & Francis, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203967621-40.

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Krieg, Joachim, Andrée R. Olivier, and George Thomas. "[39] Analysis of 40S ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation during the mitogenic response." In Methods in Enzymology. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(88)64070-5.

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Majumdar, Romit, Jayanta Chaudhuri, and Umadas Maitra. "Reconstitution of Mammalian 48S Ribosomal Translation Initiation Complex." In Methods in Enzymology. Elsevier, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(07)30008-6.

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Spahn, Christian M. T., Jeffrey S. Kieft, Robert A. Grassucci, et al. "Hepatitis C Virus IRES RNA–Induced Changes in the Conformation of the 40S Ribosomal Subunit." In Series in Structural Biology. World Scientific, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813234864_0028.

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"SECTION G – RNA SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING G8 T ranscription and processing of ribosomal RNA." In BIOS Instant Notes in Biochemistry. Taylor & Francis, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203808320-40.

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Luo, X., and WL Kraus. "Role of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerases 1 and 2 in Adipogenesis." In The Endocrine Society's 92nd Annual Meeting, June 19–22, 2010 - San Diego. Endocrine Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-meetings.2010.part3.p9.p3-409.

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Conference papers on the topic "40S ribosome"

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Boateng, Linkel, Anita Nag, and Homayoun Valafar. "Computational modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 binding to human ribosomal 40S complex." In BCB '21: 12th ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Health Informatics. ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3459930.3469554.

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"Phosphomimetically mutated and thus constitutively active kinase of ribosomal protein S6 from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtRPS6K2) does phosphorylate TaRPS6 in wheat (Triticum aestivum) 40S ribosomal subunit." In Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/plantgen2019-214.

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Nakka, Thejeswar, Prasanth Ganesan, Luxitaa Goenka, et al. "Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Real-World Outcomes." In Annual Conference of Indian Society of Medical and Paediatric Oncology (ISMPO). Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735369.

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Abstract Introduction Ovarian cancer is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of death among gynecological cancers in Indian women. Ovarian cancer is heterogeneous, among them, epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most common. Primary cytoreductive surgery along with six to eight cycles of a combination of platinum and taxanes chemotherapy is the cornerstone of first-line treatment in EOC. This study was done to find clinicopathological factors affecting survival outcomes with first-line therapy in EOC in a real-world setting. Objectives This study was aimed to find f
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