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Teymur oğlu Məmmədov, Emin. "INFORMATION, INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF INFORMATION SECURITY." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 23, 2021): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/408-411.
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According to the legal literature, information and information systems are objects of information-legal relations. Information is facts, opinions, information, news or other information created or obtained as a result of any activity, regardless of the date of its creation, form of presentation and classification. An information system is a regulated set of information technologies and documents. Information security means the protection of information and the infrastructure that serves it from unacceptable, harmful or accidental or intentional threats to the participants of the information relationship. In short, the protection and defense of the interests of the subjects of information relations is understood. This article examines information, information systems, current legal issues of information security. Key words: information law, information legislation, information, information systems, information security
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"Paul" Zhang, Xihui, Ming Wang, M. Shane Banks, Qiunan Zhang, and Colin G. Onita. "Design and Delivery of an Online Information Systems Management Course for MBA Programs." Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice 19 (2020): 047–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4600.
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Aim/Purpose: In this paper, we present our experience in design and delivery of a graduate Information Systems Management (ISM) course in an online MBA program. Also presented are a detailed examination of the design and delivery of the online course, survey results of students’ perceptions and backgrounds, course evaluation results, best practices and lessons learned, and potential changes and future actions. Background: This graduate ISM course needs to not only cover a broad range of dynamic technology and business topics, but also strike a balance between the width and depth of the content. Effective course design and delivery are critical to improved teaching and learning, especially when the course is delivered online. Methodology: We provided a comprehensive review of the related literature to develop guidelines for the design and delivery of our ISM course; we collected survey data to evaluate the students’ backgrounds and their perceptions of the course; we used data analysis and content analysis methods to assess the course evaluation results. Contribution: A review of the related literature indicates that IS researchers and educators have not adequately studied online graduate education. Given the importance of the graduate ISM course in most MBA programs, and the lack of attention from the IS community, it is critical to address this gap in the research. We believe we have done so with this paper. Findings: The paper’s major findings are embedded in a detailed examination of the design and delivery of the online course, survey results of students’ perceptions and backgrounds, course evaluation results, best practices and lessons learned, and potential changes and future actions. Recommendations for Practitioners: Even though our experience may not be fully applicable to other institutions, we hope our IS colleagues can learn from the design and delivery of this online course, as well as our best practices and lessons learned to improve the teaching and learning effectiveness in IS online graduate education, in general. Furthermore, we provide instructors with an actionable framework onto which they can map their current course offering, and compare their current pedagogical offering to literature driven best practices for ISM courses, in particular. Recommendation for Researchers: It is our hope that the design and delivery of this online course, and our best practices and lessons learned can inspire our IS colleagues to search for innovative ways to improve the teaching and learning effectiveness in IS online graduate education. In addition, we distill a literature driven framework for ISM courses design and delivery that can help researchers frame their pedagogical research questions. Impact on Society: The online course in this study prepares students for more efficiently and effectively delivering IT systems in organizations. Many MBA students work for non-profits and other socially-focused organizations and are able to use the skills learned in the course for the betterment of society. Future Research: We will continue to monitor the impact of the changes on student learning effectiveness and attempt to identify additional innovative ways to improve the design and delivery of this online ISM course.
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Zakir Najafova, Narmin. "PROCEDURE OF TENDENCY MAP ON THE BASIS OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM OF JALILABAD CADASTRY DISTRICT." SCIENTIFIC WORK 66, no. 05 (May 20, 2021): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/66/77-80.
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As the inclination increases, soil erosion and, in general, the process of erosion on the slopes intensifies, the moisture content of the soil and soil-forming rocks decreases, the growth of agricultural crops and pastures weakens, and productivity decreases. Taking all this into account, we have developed a slope map with degrees based on the digital elevation model of the Jalilabad cadastral region (DEM file). Slope study and mapping is one of the key measures to protect soils from erosion as well as to combat erosion. When the slope reaches 3-4°, the washing of the soil is even faster. It is not recommended to plow the fields when the slope is 8-10° and more. From this point of view, as a result of our research, the inclination of the Jalilabad cadastral region has been studied. The lowest inclination range in the study area is 0-20. Low inclination is observed mainly in the plains of Jalilabad cadastral region. As you ascend to the heights, there is an increase in inclination. Taking into account the propensity in agriculture can lead to high yields. Key words: Inclination, Slope, Erosion, Geographic Information System (GIS), ESRI, ArcGis
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Hətəm qızı Mirzəzadə, İradə, Gülçin Gülhüseyn qızı Abdullayeva, and Həsənağa Rauf oğlu Nağızadə. "Mathematical machine usage in medical information systems." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 21, 2021): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/75-85.
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Biosystem of the human body is viewed as a whole. First of all adequate mathematical machine selection and class of biosystems needs to be assigned for creation of mathematical model of biological system. Biosystem has two types of appoach. One of them is supposed to be a simple approach, the other is likely to be very complex – indexed approach. Different biosystems with determination properties are usually described by differential and integral equations, linear and nonlinear algebra. In some cases, algebraic polynoms with timed argument are used for presenting determined biosystem dynamics. Adequate mathematical modeling machine, probability theory, Markov and random processes theory and the laws are applied for the description of likely characterized biosystems. Key words: biosystem, biocybernetic issues, differential and integral equations, mathematical model, Markov chains, Bayes method, artifical neural networks
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Teymur oğlu Məmmədov, Emin. "Comparative analysis of experience and legal basis on regulation of information systems: existing problems." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 23, 2021): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/261-264.
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Information systems are one of the objects of public relations regulated by information-legal norms. An information system is a regulated set of information technologies and documents. The existence of an appropriate legal framework for the regulation of information systems is important. After gaining independence, one of the main goals and objectives of the state was to form an appropriate legislative framework in this area. The formation and development of information systems is one of the important components of national information policy. This article examines information systems, national legal practice in regulating information systems, comparative analysis of the legal framework as part of national information policy and current issues. Key words: information systems, regulation of information systems, information legislation, national information policy, national legal practice
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Kistemann, Thomas, Friederike Dangendorf, and Jürgen Schweikart. "New perspectives on the use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in environmental health sciences." International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 205, no. 3 (January 2002): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/1438-4639-00145.
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Shahbazian, Reza, and Irina Trubitsyna. "DEGAIN: Generative-Adversarial-Network-Based Missing Data Imputation." Information 13, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13120575.
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Insights and analysis are only as good as the available data. Data cleaning is one of the most important steps to create quality data decision making. Machine learning (ML) helps deal with data quickly, and to create error-free or limited-error datasets. One of the quality standards for cleaning the data includes handling the missing data, also known as data imputation. This research focuses on the use of machine learning methods to deal with missing data. In particular, we propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) based model called DEGAIN to estimate the missing values in the dataset. We evaluate the performance of the presented method and compare the results with some of the existing methods on publicly available Letter Recognition and SPAM datasets. The Letter dataset consists of 20,000 samples and 16 input features and the SPAM dataset consists of 4601 samples and 57 input features. The results show that the proposed DEGAIN outperforms the existing ones in terms of root mean square error and Frechet inception distance metrics.
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Fəxrəddin oğlu Şükürov, Cahangir. "Possibilities of application of information technologies in crime investigation." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 23, 2021): 376–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/376-378.
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If we look at history, the creation of the first computer technologies does not coincide with such a long period. With the creation of computer technology, there has been a great leap in the world of technology. At the same time, the creation of video cameras, satellite systems, laptops, mobile phones has played an important role in the acquisition of various types of information and knowledge in our daily lives. The use of modern information technologies in criminal proceedings, search operations, the exchange of international forensic records will organize the activities of law enforcement agencies in the fight against crime more efficiently and without wasting time. Key words: Crime investigation, information technology, forensic registration, computer technology, information and legal systems
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Ranjbarfard, Mina, and Zeynab Hatami. "Critical Success Factors for Implementing Business Intelligence Projects (A BI Implementation Methodology Perspective)." Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management 15 (2020): 175–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4607.
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Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for Business Intelligence (BI) implementation projects by studying the existing BI project implementation methodologies and to compare these methodologies based on the identified CSFs. Background: The implementation of BI project has become one of the most important technological and organizational innovations in modern organizations. The BI project implementation methodology provides a framework for demonstrating knowledge, ideas and structural techniques. It is defined as a set of instructions and rules for implementing BI projects. Identifying CSFs of BI implementation project can help the project team to concentrate on solving prior issues and needed resources. Methodology: Firstly, the literature review was conducted to find the existing BI project implementation methodologies. Secondly, the content of the 13 BI project implementation methodologies was analyzed by using thematic analysis method. Thirdly, for examining the validation of the 20 identified CSFs, two questionnaires were distributed among BI experts. The gathered data of the first questionnaire was analyzed by content validity ratio (CVR) and 11 of 20 CSFs were accepted as a result. The gathered data of the second questionnaire was analyzed by fuzzy Delphi method and the results were the same as CVR. Finally, 13 raised BI project implementation methodologies were compared based on the 11 validated CSFs. Contribution: This paper contributes to the current theory and practice by identifying a complete list of CSFs for BI projects implementation; comparison of existing BI project implementation methodologies; determining the completeness degree of existing BI project implementation methodologies and introducing more complete ones; and finding the new CSF “Expert assessment of business readiness for successful implementation of BI project” that was not expressed in previous studies. Findings: The CSFs that should be considered in a BI project implementation include: “Obvious BI strategy and vision”, “Business requirements definition”, “Business readiness assessment”, “BI performance assessment”, “Establishing BI alignment with business goals”, “Management support”, “IT support for BI”, “Creating data resources and source data quality”, “Installation and integration BI programs”, “BI system testing”, and “BI system support and maintenance”. Also, all the 13 BI project implementation methodologies can be divided into four groups based on their completeness degree. Recommendations for Practitioners: The results can be used to plan BI project implementation and help improve the way of BI project implementation in the organizations. It can be used to reduce the failure rate of BI implementation projects. Furthermore, the 11 identified CSFs can give a better understanding of the BI project implementation methodologies. Recommendation for Researchers: The results of this research helped researchers and practitioners in the field of business intelligence to better understand the methodology and approaches available for the implementation and deployment of BI systems and thus use them. Some methodologies are more complete than other studied methodologies. Therefore, organizations that intend to implement BI in their organization can select these methodologies according to their goals. Thus, Findings of the study can lead to reduce the failure rate of implementation projects. Future Research: Future researchers may add other BI project implementation methodologies and repeat this research. Also, they can divide CSFs into three categories including required before BI project implementation, required during BI project implementation and required after BI project implementation. Moreover, researchers can rank the BI project implementation CSFs. As well, Critical Failure Factors (CFFs) need to be explored by studying the failed implementations of BI projects. The identified CSFs probably affect each other. So, studying the relationship between them can be a topic for future research.
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H Al-Dmour, Hani, Futon Asfour, Rand Al-Dmour, and Ahmed Al-Dmour. "The Effect of Marketing Knowledge Management on Bank Performance Through Fintech Innovations: A Survey Study of Jordanian Commercial Banks." Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management 15 (2020): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4619.
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Aim/Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of marketing knowledge management (MKM) on bank performance via the mediating role of the Fintech innovation in Jordanian commercial banks. Background: An extensive number of studies found a significant relationship between Marketing knowledge management and bank performance (e.g., Akroush & Al-Mohammad, 2010; Hou & Chien 2010; Rezaee & Jafari, 2015; Veismoradi et al., 2013). However, there remains a lack of clarity regarding the relationship between marketing knowledge management (MKM) and bank performance (BP). Furthermore, the linkage between MKM and BP is not straightforward but, instead, includes a more complicated relationship. Therefore, it is argued that managing marketing knowledge management assets and capabilities can enhance performance via the role of financial innovation as a mediating factor on commercial banks; to date, however, there is no empirical evidence. Methodology: Based on a literature review, knowledge-based theory, and financial innovation theory, an integrated conceptual framework has been developed to guide the study. A quantitative approach was used, and the data was collected from 336 managers and employees in all 13 Jordanian commercial banks using online and in hand instruments. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze and verify the study variables. Contribution: This article contributes to theory by filling a gap in the literature regarding the role of marketing knowledge management assets and capabilities in commercial banks operating in a developing country like Jordan. It empirically examined and validated the role of Fintech innovation as mediators between marketing knowledge management and bank performance Findings: The main findings revealed that marketing knowledge management had a significant favorable influence on bank performance. Fintech innovation acted as partial mediators in this relationship. Recommendations for Practitioners: Commercial banks should be fully aware of the importance of knowledge management practices to enhance their financial innovation and bank performance. They should also consider promoting a culture of practicing knowledge management processes among their managers and employees by motivating and training to promote innovations. Recommendation for Researchers: The result endorsed Fintech innovation’s mediating effect on the relationship between the independent variable, marketing knowledge management (assets and capabilities), and the dependent variable bank performance, which was not addressed before; thus, it needs further validation. Future Research: The current designed research model can be applied and assessed further in other sectors, including banking and industrial sectors across developed and developing countries. It would also be of interest to introduce other variables in the study model that can act as consequences of MKM capabilities, such as financial and non-financial performance measures
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Steinke, David C., and Robert M. Kalin. "An Inexpensive Upgrade of Older Liquid Scintillation Equipment for Radiocarbon Dating." Radiocarbon 31, no. 03 (1989): 374–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200011930.
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We have replaced the original control electronics and added remote computer control to our Packard Instrument Tri-Carb 460C LSC. The total cost of materials to achieve this was <$1200; ca 200 hr were spent on design and programming, and installation was complete in 30 min. Our system has spectral analysis in 1/2 Kev resolution utilizing the existing 4096 channel multi-channel analyzer, and user-friendly error checking for the mechanical systems. The computer collects spectral information, saves two channels of raw data, plots spectral information and produces data files of the standards, backgrounds and samples used in LOTUS to calculate the age of the sample.
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E. Owen, Helen, and Sherlock A Licorish. "Game-Based Student Response System: The Effectiveness of Kahoot! on Junior and Senior Information Science Students’ Learning." Journal of Information Technology Education: Research 19 (2020): 511–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4608.
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Aim/Purpose: We aimed to investigate the circumstances under which Kahoot! (a Game-based Student Response System (GSRS)) increases junior and senior Information Science university students’ learning and knowledge retention beyond that of traditional teaching methods. We also explored whether the positive learning impacts of Kahoot! vary as a function of student subject knowledge (i.e., junior vs senior students). Background: The effectiveness of game-based student response systems (GSRSs) as learning tools in the classroom remains unclear, given inconsistent findings across educational research. Kahoot! enhances secondary and tertiary students’ attention and motivation during class, but its effectiveness on learning and retention of course knowledge may vary depending on situational and individual factors. In New Zealand universities, students spend three years studying towards a Bachelor’s degree, majoring in subject(s) of their choice. By the end of their third year of study, students are eligible to graduate with a sound knowledge of their chosen major. Thus, first-year students (referred to as “junior students”) and third-year students (“senior students”) may differ in terms of their learning styles and their ability and willingness to integrate Kahoot! use into their course work and revision. It is hypothesised that differences in subject knowledge between junior versus senior students will influence the perceived effectiveness of Kahoot!. Methodology: Thirteen first-year (junior) and fourteen third-year (senior) Information Science students (total n = 27), who used Kahoot! in seven lectures (for 30 minutes per lecture) were interviewed about their perception of Kahoot!’s effectiveness. We conducted a mixed-methods case study of students’ interview transcripts, demographic records and student scores, where thematic (content) analysis was used to analyse interview responses. Then, we quantified themes for a one-way ANCOVA, with student subject knowledge predicting Kahoot!’s effectiveness, when controlling for students’ duration of tertiary study and study habits (i.e., hours dedicated to course work per week) as potential confounders. Contribution: This study addresses the conflict in existing literature around whether GSRSs improve student learning beyond traditional teaching methods. To our knowledge, this is the first study that shows GSRSs (namely Kahoot!) use improves, or at least, supplements tertiary students’ learning and knowledge retention of lecture content. This study also reveals how student characteristics (i.e., accumulated tertiary experience) and their subject knowledge influence the effectiveness of Kahoot! as a learning tool. Findings: Kahoot!’s use increased students’ learning and knowledge retention, among other positive impacts (e.g., attention and engagement). However, the perceived learning impact of Kahoot! was greater for senior students. Senior students found Kahoot! more useful for learning new knowledge and revising previously acquired knowledge. On the other hand, while junior students also experienced positive learning impacts using Kahoot!, they reported concerns regarding limited and shallow content coverage, and the time-consuming and distracting nature of the platform. Recommendations for Practitioners: Educators should take care to ensure GSRSs are appropriately implemented to support rather than replace traditional teaching methods (e.g., “chalk and talk” style presentations, PowerPoint use). In addition, lecturers using GSRSs should clearly inform students about the examinable content and their expectations for performance in formal assessments. Recommendation for Researchers: The positive impact of Kahoot! use on students’ learning and knowledge retention may be due to stronger interactions and engagement during class. Researchers should more closely explore how student-lecturer interactions and in-depth discussions following GSRS use influence learning. Thus, there is a need to re-evaluate Malone’s (1980) intrinsic motivation theory in relation to the “interactive” or “enjoyability” components experienced during Kahoot! use. Impact on Society: The positive impacts of Kahoot! use on student learning vary for junior and senior students. However, our findings indicate that both cohorts of students benefit from 15-minute Kahoot! sessions at the end of a lecture or course unit, allowing them to test their knowledge and revise* previously taught material. Kahoot! provides a comfortable platform that allows students to ask and answer questions without embarrassment. More experienced students can also evaluate their learning by creating their own Kahoot! quizzes and providing feedback to the lecturers. Overall, Kahoot! use could have a positive impact on teaching and learning globally. Future Research: Beyond the recommendation for researchers above, future research should explore how differences in lecturers’ teaching styles and students’ self-regulation of learning impact Kahoot!’s effectiveness as a learning tool.
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Aligamat Dolkhanova, Kifayat. "Social networks today and their prospects." SCIENTIFIC WORK 60, no. 11 (November 6, 2020): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/60/122-125.
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The article describes scientific and pedagogical research, which shows the idea under discussion is a very effective idea. Currently existing control systems have been analyzed and opportunities for the development of information technology in modern computing technologies, the systematic use of software tools, as well as the possibility of the system functioning at a certain level have been identified. Our current perspective is with the rapid growth of human development in social networks, there is a need for analysis, such as networks of influence, taking into account the interaction of network members, the dynamics of ideas. Over the past decade, the development of information and telecommunication technologies, the importance of new types of resources, as well as online social networks has increased significantly as a means of disseminating ideas that affect the behavior of network users. Key words: innovative technology, social information network, ICT, social media, "Multimedia" Information Systems Technology Center, VPN technology, High Technology Park of ANAS Limited Liability Company
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Hasanova, Gulnaz Tahir. "The impact of the information factor on modern international relations." SCIENTIFIC WORK 62, no. 01 (February 8, 2021): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/62/141-146.
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This study aims to highlight the growing strategic importance that cyberspace is gaining in the dynamics of international politics. After land, sea, air, and outer space, cyberspace is the fifth dimension of conflict. The type of non-military weapons used to fight, as well as the subjects targeted, make civilian systems new centers of gravity to defend against an enemy that most often "operates in the shadows." The international scenario rmation revolution (which contributed to the "democratization of information"), is radically evolving from a unipolar (American-led) to an almost multipolar architecture. The Internet today is an indispensable communication and information network for various legal and illegal subjects of international relations. Social networks (Facebook, Twitter, Telegram) play a very important role in this process. The Internet can also allow manipulation or even destabilization of the international community with the spread of false information (fake news). It is also a field for intelligence activities. Finally, the Internet is becoming the field of a new form of confrontation. Thus, both states and private actors protect themselves from possible cyber attacks by developing cybersecurity. In anticipation of this, states are developing cyberspace strategies and military-digital capabilities. Key words: international relations, information, cyberspace, cybersecurity, territorial integrity, state, subjects of international relations, information warfare
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ARAI, KOHEI. "METHOD FOR DATA HIDING BASED ON LeGall 5/3 (COHEN-DAUBECHIES-FEAUVEAU: CDF 5/3) WAVELET WITH DATA COMPRESSION AND RANDOM SCANNING OF SECRET IMAGERY DATA." International Journal of Wavelets, Multiresolution and Information Processing 11, no. 04 (July 2013): 1360006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219691313600060.
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Method for data hiding based on LeGall 5/3 of Cohen-Daubechies-Feauveau: CDF 5/3 wavelet with data compression and random scanning of secret imagery data together with steganography is proposed. Invisibility of secret imagery data is evaluated based on Peak Signal to Noise Ratio: PSNR with SIDBA standard image database. The experimental results show that PSNR of LeGall based wavelet utilized data hiding ranges from 43.82 to 46.9 while that of Daubechies based method ranges from 44.33 to 44.75 when the coded secret imagery data is inserted in the first 3 digits from Least Significant Bit: LSB of the original image. Data compression ratio for the secret imagery data ranges from 1.3 to 19.4 which depends on the complexity of the secret imagery data. Meanwhile, PSNR of data hidden image ranges from 46.83 to 47.41. Consequently, the proposed data hiding method is permissive because PSNR is over 40 dB results in satisfaction on invisibility of the secret imagery data in the data hidden image.
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İsrayıl qızı Əmiraslanova, Rəsmiyyə İ. "Methodology for assessing information security risks with the use of artificial intelligence." SCIENTIFIC WORK 79, no. 6 (June 17, 2022): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/79/50-54.
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Müasirdə informasiya təhlükəsizliyinin təmini hər bir müəssisənin idarəetmə fəaliyyətində vacib rol oynayır. Bu da verilənlərin toplanması, saxlanması, emalı və tətbiqi texnologiyalarının əsasını təşkil edir. Bu proseslər informasiya riskləri səviyyələrinin kəmiyyət və keyfiyyət şkalalarına görə vaxtaşırı təhlilinə əsaslanır. Bunlar da, informasiya təhlükəsizliyi təhdidlərinin, zəifliklərinin vaxtında müəyyən edilməsi, zərərsizləşdirilməsi üçün müvafiq tədbirlər kompleksini həyata keçirməyə imkan verir. Təqdim olunan məqalədə, informasiya təhlükəsizliyi risklərinin analitik təhlili süni intellekt texnologiyalarının bir istiqaməti olan neyro-qeyri-səlis şəbəkəyə əsaslanan metodika ilə qiymətləndirilməsi aparılmışdır. Açar sözlər: kompüter riyaziyyatı sistemləri, informasiya təhlükəsizliyi riski, süni intellekt, neyron şəbəkə, risklərinin qiymətləndirilməsi metodikası Rasmiyya Israil Amiraslanova Methodology for assessing information security risks with the use of artificial intelligence Abstract Today, information security plays an important role in the management of every enterprise. It is the basis of data collection, storage, processing and application technologies. These processes are based on periodic analysis of information risk levels on quantitative and qualitative scales. They also allow for the implementation of a set of appropriate measures to identify and neutralize information security threats and vulnerabilities in a timely manner. In the presented article, the analytical analysis of information security risks was assessed using a neuro-fuzzy network-based methodology, which is one of the directions of artificial intelligence technologies. Key words: computer mathematical systems, information security risk, artificial intelligence, neuro network, risk assessment methodology
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Testoyedov, Nikolai, Viktor Kosenko, Evgeniy Golovyonkin, Vladimir Kudinov, Yuri Vilkov, and Fyodor Sinkovsky. "Joint-Stock Company Academician M.F. Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems – 58 Years in the Service of Cosmos and Fatherland." Vestnik RFFI 3, no. 95 (August 15, 2017): 56–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22204/2410-4639-2017-095-03-56-77.
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Warren, Lorraine. "The performance of social systems: perspectives and problems. By Francisco Parra-Luna. Published by Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2000, 397 pp., ISBN 0-306-46309-1, $99.50 (hardback)." Systems Research and Behavioral Science 19, no. 3 (April 10, 2002): 293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sres.478.
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Elmar Hashimova, Elmira. "THE LEGAL REGULATION OF E-GOVERNMENT FORMATION." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 23, 2021): 219–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/219-222.
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Analyzing the interaction between e-government and citizens in Azerbaijan, it is possible to observe large-scale socio-cultural changes in the lives of the population under the influence of the information society. Although the principles announced at the beginning of the e-government path were far from the real situation, later regulatory frameworks were established, multifunctional centers were established, various e-government regulations for development and implementation, integration of state information systems to develop and expand domestic and international cooperation. Involvement of the population in management processes and cooperation with the state with the help of information and communication technologies began to create a wide range of opportunities. The article examines the legal basis for the formation of e-government, reflects the status of e-government, e-signatures, e-services provided to citizens by the State Agency for Citizen Services and Social Innovations. Key words: e-signature, research concepts, decree, electronic document, state agency, state program, e-government portal
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Huitzil, F. D., M. Capanu, G. Jacobs, W. Smith, E. O’Reilly, M. Shah, G. K. Schwartz, L. B. Saltz, D. P. Kelsen, and G. K. Abou-Alfa. "Prognostic factors (PF) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (AHCC): Multivariate analysis and comparison between staging systems (SS) in patients (pts) treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 4601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.4601.
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4601 Background: Several SS have been proposed in hepatocellular carcinoma. These include TNM, Okuda, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP), Chinese University Prognostic Index (CUPI), and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC). There is no consensus as to what constitutes the best SS for use by oncologists for pts with AHCC with no locoregional therapy options. We propose to define the PF and compare SS in this patient population. SS may help select pts for systemic therapy, predict outcome, and help in clinical trial design for AHCC. Methods: We retrospectively identified pts with AHCC treated at MSKCC between 2001 and 2006. Clinical, laboratory, tumor characteristics and all four SS were recorded. Survival (S) was measured from the date of development of AHCC to the date of death. S was estimated using Kaplan-Meier’s method, differences in S were tested using the log rank test. A Cox regression model was used for the multivariate analysis. A second Cox regression was done to compare SS and was expressed using the Akaike information (AI) criterion. AI helps determine which SS is the most informative of S. A low AI is favorable. Results: We identified 280 pts. Data on the first 101 pts analyzed are presented. Median age 61 years; 71% males, 29% females; 60% Caucasians, 9% Black, 24% Asians and 5% Hispanics. Etiologies included HCV 24%, HBV 38%, and alcohol 22%. Child Pugh score: A in 65% and B in 29% of pts. Multivariate analysis independent PF for S were albumin (p=0.0358), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p=0.001), identified etiology (p=0.008), abdominal pain (p=0.001) and liver tumor extent (more or less than 50% of the liver) (p=0.0043). AI ranked SS as follows: TNM 6th (588.991), TNM 5th (591.373), BCLC (541.095), Okuda (540.490), CLIP (537.8), and CUPI (526.483). CUPI S was 19.47 months (m) for low, 5.89 m for medium, and 1.36 m for high risk pts. Conclusions: Pts with AHCC who are treated by oncologists in this US-based population have distinct PF. CUPI provided the best prognostic information for our patient population. CUPI may be suggested as the SS to use clinically for AHCC. These results need prospective validation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Mehman oğlu Əliyev, Qismət. "Selected methods for measuring latency in data transmission systems with wireless network interfaces." SCIENTIFIC WORK 77, no. 4 (2022): 296–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/77/296-303.
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Məqalədə mənbə və təyinat qovşaqları arasında məlumat ötürülməsi zamanı yaranan ləngimələrin bütün mənbələri nəzərə alınmaqla telekommunikasiya sistemində baş verən ləngimələrin modelinin yaradılması konsepsiyası təqdim olunur. Təklif olunan model ümumi ləngimədə əhəmiyyətli rol oynayan vasitəçi şəbəkə cihazlarının mövcudluğunu nəzərə alınır. Məqalədə 802.11g əsaslı simsiz şəbəkələrdə ləngimələri ölçmək üçün istifadə olunan və ZigBee standartından istifadə edən iki ölçmə sistemini təqdim edilir. Hər iki sistem müəlliflərin daxili saatların sinxronizasiyası üçün əlavə əlaqədən istifadə etməklə ləngimələrin ölçülməsinə imkan verən aparat və proqram təminatı konsepsiyaları əsasında qurulmuşdur. Təsvir edilən ölçmə sistemləri seçilmiş təcrübələrin miqdarı müxtəlif şəbəkə strukturları üçün aparılmışdır. Açar sözlər: simsiz şəbəkə, ləngimə, telekommunikasiya, məlumat toplayıcısı, transmissia, topologiya, ölçmə sistemi, şəbəkə cihazı, Zigbee Gismat Mehman Aliyev Selected methods for measuring latency in data transmission systems with wireless network interfaces Abstract The article presents a draft law on the model of delays in the telecommunications system, taking full advantage of delays in the transmission of information between source and destination nodes. The proposed model can be obtained from intermediate network devices that play a key role in the overall delay. The article presents two measurement systems used to measure latency in 802.11g core wireless networks and the ZigBee standard. Hardware and software plans have been developed to allow the authors of both systems to measure delays using an additional connection to adjust internal clocks. Conducted for network structures tested with the described measurement systems. Key words: wireless network, delay, telecommunications, data collector, transmission, topology, measurement system, network device, Zigbee
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Mehman Guliyeva, Nigar, and Rovshana Ikram Ahmadova. "School geography in the curriculum and inclusive education in Germany, Finland, Denmark." SCIENTIFIC WORK 61, no. 12 (December 25, 2020): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/61/166-169.
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A number of countries have specially designed educational programs for both healthy and students with disabilities. Differences in the education systems of countries reveal differences in the teaching of geography and the application of inclusive education. This article provides information on the geography curriculum, syllabus, lesson hours, textbooks in Finland, Germany and Denmark’s secondary schools, and compares them with Azerbaijani schools. At the same time, the general content and differences of inclusive education in those countries are reflected. Key words: curriculum, geography textbook, education system, level of education,inclusive education, Limited Health Opportunities.
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Roy, Suman, and Souvik Ghosh. "Determinants of Adaptation during COVID-19 Pandemic by Rural Households in Cooch Behar District of West Bengal." INDIAN JOURNAL OF EXTENSION EDUCATION 58, no. 3 (2022): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2022.58326.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to loss of human life and presented an unprecedented challenge to public health and food systems. The study was conducted to assess the factors in terms of livelihood profile determining awareness and adaptation level. Using random sampling procedure, data were collected from 80 farmers from four villages under two blocks of Coochbehar district in 2021. Altogether eleven variables i.e., age, education, information availability, social participation, quality of common facilities services, mean distance of common facility services, economic status, expenditure during pandemic, net landholding, number of migrants in family and duration of migration explain 46.9 per cent of variance in awareness level and six variables i.e., personal cosmopolite sources use, social recognition, annual family income before and during pandemic and expenditure before and during pandemic explain 63.7 per cent variance of adaptation level. Rural people should be encouraged to participate in different extension activities. Findings would serve as a valid reference for researchers and policy makers concerning pandemic issues.
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Cecioni, C., A. Abdolali, G. Bellotti, and P. Sammarco. "Large-scale numerical modeling of hydro-acoustic waves generated by tsunamigenic earthquakes." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, no. 7 (July 11, 2014): 4629–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-2-4629-2014.
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Abstract. Tsunamigenic fast movements of the sea-bed generate pressure waves in weakly compressible sea water, namely hydro-acoustic waves, which travel at the sound celerity in water (about 1500 m s−1). These waves travel much faster than the counter part long free-surface gravity waves and contain significant information on the source. Measurement of hydro-acoustic waves can therefore anticipate the tsunami arrival and significantly improve the capability of tsunami early warning systems. In this paper a novel numerical model for reproduction of hydro-acoustic waves is applied to analyze the generation and propagation in real bathymetry of these pressure perturbations for two historical catastrophic earthquake scenarios in Mediterranean Sea. The model is based on the solution of a depth-integrated equation and therefore results computationally efficient in reconstructing the hydro-acoustic waves propagation scenarios.
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Mikhailovsky, George. "Structuredness as a Measure of the Complexity of the Structure and the Role of Post-Dissipative Structures and Ratchet Processes in Evolution." Journal of Evolutionary Science 1, no. 2 (January 23, 2020): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2689-4602.jes-19-3155.
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As shown earlier, the algorithmic complexity, like Shannon information and Boltzmann entropy, tends to increase in accordance with the general law of complification. However, the algorithmic complexity of most material systems does not reach its maximum, i.e. chaotic state, due to the various laws of nature that create certain structures. The complexity of such structures is very different from the algorithmic complexity, and we intuitively feel that its maximal value should be somewhere between order and chaos. I propose a formula for calculation such structural complexity, which can be called - structuredness. The structuredness of any material system is determined by structures of three main types: stable, dissipative, and post-dissipative. The latter are defined as stable structures created by dissipative ones, directly or indirectly. Post-dissipative structures, as well as stable, can exist for an unlimited time, but at the micro level only, without energy influx. The appearance of such structures leads to the “ratchet” process, which determines the structure genesis in non-living and, especially, in living systems. This process allows systems with post-dissipative structures to develop in the direction of maximum structuring due to the gradual accumulation of these structures, even when such structuring contradicts the general law of complification.
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Asif Mehdiyeva, Mehriban. "A look to the contemporary changes of lexical system of the Turkic languages." SCIENTIFIC WORK 61, no. 12 (December 25, 2020): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/61/91-93.
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In this paper were given the changes met in the lexical system of a language, some information on international words, there also made necessary analyses on the contemporary processes taken place in lexic systems of Turkic languages. There met vivid examples of nationalizing vocabulary in the system of Turkic languagea as a result of qaining independence in these Republics. And in this view-point one can note that borrowings for now mainly come from Turkey. Contemporary researches prove that the process of borrowings in the meantime go rather apart from these languages. And this cannot serve forming one common Turkic language for all. Key words: language, contacts, close contacts, disjointed contacts, borrowing, lexics
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Frisell, A., J. Lagergren, M. Halle, and J. de Boniface. "Socioeconomic status differs between breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy and breast conservation, and affects patient-reported preoperative information." Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 179, no. 3 (November 18, 2019): 721–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10549-019-05496-2.
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Abstract Purpose Breast cancer treatment is reported to be influenced by socioeconomic status (SES). Few reports, however, stem from national, equality-based health care systems. The aim of this study was to analyse associations between SES, rates of breast-conserving surgery (BCS), patient-reported preoperative information and perceived involvement in Sweden. Methods All women operated for primary breast cancer in Sweden in 2013 were included. Tumour and treatment data as well as socioeconomic data were retrieved from national registers. Postal questionnaires regarding preoperative information about breast-conserving options and perceived involvement in the decision-making process had previously been sent to all women receiving mastectomy. Results Of 7735 women, 4604 (59.5%) received BCS. In addition to regional differences, independent predictors of BCS were being in the middle or higher age groups, having small tumours without clinically involved nodes, being born in Europe outside Sweden, having a higher education than primary school and an intermediate or high income per household. Women with smaller, clinically node-negative tumours felt more often involved in the surgical decision and informed about breast-conserving options (both p < 0.001). In addition, women who perceived that BCS was discussed as an alternative to mastectomy were more often in a partnership (p < 0.001), not born in Sweden (p = 0.035) and had an employment (p = 0.031). Conclusion Socioeconomic factors are associated with surgical treatment even in a national health care system that is expected to offer all women the same standard of care. This should be taken into account and adapted to in preoperative counselling on surgical options in breast cancer.
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Masadeh, Raja, Nesreen Alsharman, Ahmad Sharieh, Basel A. Mahafzah, and Arafat Abdulrahman. "Task scheduling on cloud computing based on sea lion optimization algorithm." International Journal of Web Information Systems 17, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-11-2020-0071.
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Purpose Sea Lion Optimization (SLnO) algorithm involves the ability of exploration and exploitation phases, and it is able to solve combinatorial optimization problems. For these reasons, it is considered a global optimizer. The scheduling operation is completed by imitating the hunting behavior of sea lions. Design/methodology/approach Cloud computing (CC) is a type of distributed computing, contributory in a massive number of available resources and demands, and its goal is sharing the resources as services over the internet. Because of the optimal using of these services is everlasting challenge, the issue of task scheduling in CC is significant. In this paper, a task scheduling technique for CC based on SLnO and multiple-objective model are proposed. It enables decreasing in overall completion time, cost and power consumption; and maximizes the resources utilization. The simulation results on the tested data illustrated that the SLnO scheduler performed better performance than other state-of-the-art schedulers in terms of makespan, cost, energy consumption, resources utilization and degree of imbalance. Findings The performance of the SLnO, Vocalization of Whale Optimization Algorithm (VWOA), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and Round Robin (RR) algorithms for 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 independent cloud tasks on 8, 16 and 32 VMs was evaluated. The results show that SLnO algorithm has better performance than VWOA, WOA, GWO and RR in terms of makespan and imbalance degree. In addition, SLnO exhausts less power than VWOA, WOA, GWO and RR. More precisely, SLnO conserves 5.6, 21.96, 22.7 and 73.98% energy compared to VWOA, WOA, GWO and RR mechanisms, respectively. On the other hand, SLnO algorithm shows better performance than the VWOA and other algorithms. The SLnO algorithm's overall execution cost of scheduling the cloud tasks is minimized by 20.62, 39.9, 42.44 and 46.9% compared with VWOA, WOA, GWO and RR algorithms, respectively. Finally, the SLnO algorithm's average resource utilization is increased by 6, 10, 11.8 and 31.8% compared with those of VWOA, WOA, GWO and RR mechanisms, respectively. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is original and has not been published elsewhere, nor is it currently under consideration for publication elsewhere.
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Jemioło, Paweł, Dawid Storman, Maria Mamica, Mateusz Szymkowski, Wioletta Żabicka, Magdalena Wojtaszek-Główka, and Antoni Ligęza. "Datasets for Automated Affect and Emotion Recognition from Cardiovascular Signals Using Artificial Intelligence— A Systematic Review." Sensors 22, no. 7 (March 25, 2022): 2538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22072538.
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Our review aimed to assess the current state and quality of publicly available datasets used for automated affect and emotion recognition (AAER) with artificial intelligence (AI), and emphasising cardiovascular (CV) signals. The quality of such datasets is essential to create replicable systems for future work to grow. We investigated nine sources up to 31 August 2020, using a developed search strategy, including studies considering the use of AI in AAER based on CV signals. Two independent reviewers performed the screening of identified records, full-text assessment, data extraction, and credibility. All discrepancies were resolved by discussion. We descriptively synthesised the results and assessed their credibility. The protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF) platform. Eighteen records out of 195 were selected from 4649 records, focusing on datasets containing CV signals for AAER. Included papers analysed and shared data of 812 participants aged 17 to 47. Electrocardiography was the most explored signal (83.33% of datasets). Authors utilised video stimulation most frequently (52.38% of experiments). Despite these results, much information was not reported by researchers. The quality of the analysed papers was mainly low. Researchers in the field should concentrate more on methodology.
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St Aime, Ricardo, Geoffrey W. Zehnder, Christopher Talley, and Sruthi Narayanan. "Differences in Biomass Production and Water Use Efficiency among Seven Different Cover Crops in the Wet Winter Seasons of 2016/17 and 2018 in South Carolina." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (March 26, 2020): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040463.
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Cover crops can protect soil health and increase climate resilience of crop production systems. Agronomic crop producers in the southern USA often demand information on the best cover crops for their locality and cropping system and on the potential impacts of cover crops on stored soil water. The present research evaluated biomass production and water use efficiency (WUE) of single species and multispecies winter cover crops in South Carolina. Overall, a five-species mixture of Austrian winter pea, rye, crimson clover, hairy vetch, and oats and a single species of rye had the greatest biomass production (4600–6480 kg ha−1) at the end of the season (19 April 2017 in season-1 and 10 May 2018 in season-2). The five-species mixture also had the greatest WUE (2184–2232 g m−3). None of the cover crops depleted soil water (in 60 cm depth) greater than a weed-free fallow maintained through herbicide application and a weedy fallow (no herbicide application). Since both the seasons, in which the present study was conducted, received greater than normal rainfall, further studies should verify the applicability of the results in dry years.
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Hajimahmud Abdullayev, Vugar. "Data search computing based on the similarity-dıfference metric." SCIENTIFIC WORK 60, no. 11 (November 6, 2020): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/60/46-60.
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Models, methods and algorithms for cyber-social computing and machine learning implies the use of the metric of similarity – difference of unitary coded information for processing big data in order to generate adequate actuator signals for controlling cyber-social critical systems. A set-theoretic method of data search is being developed based on the similarity – difference of the frequency parameters of primitive elements, which makes it possible to determine the similarity of objects, the strategy of transforming one object into another, and also to identify the level of common interests, conflicts. Computational architectures of cyber-social computing and metric search for key data are being created. The definitions of the fundamental concepts in the field of computing are given on the basis of metric relations between interacting processes and phenomena. A software application is proposed for calculating the similarity-differences of objects based on the formation of vectors of frequencies of two sets of primitive data. A high level of correlation of the application results with the well-known system for determining plagiarism is shown. Key words: computing, cybersocial computing, decision making, unitary data codes, similarity – difference, data retrieval, plagiarism
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Rəşadət qızı Bəşirova, Rəşidə. "A new approach to the analysis of electrocardiological signals studied in athletes under stress." SCIENTIFIC WORK 76, no. 3 (March 18, 2022): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/76/168-173-177.
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Elektrokardioqrafiya (EKQ) ürək xəstəliklərinin diaqnostikasında tətbiq edilən əsas metodlardan biridir. Elektrokardioqrafik siqnallarının riyazi kibernetik metodlar əsasında təhlili avtomatlaşdırılmış diaqnostika probleminin mühüm tərkib hissəsidir. Bu sahədə aparılan elmi-tədqiqat işləri və praktiki fəaliyyət sürətli inkişaf mərhələsini yaşayır. Elektrokardioloji siqnalların texniki vasitələri informasiyanın qəbul edilməsi və yığılması sistemlərilə uzlaşdırılan mürəkkəb hesablama kompleksləridir. Kardioqrafik informasiyanın riyazi-kibernetik vasitələr əsasında təhlili və avtomatlaşdırılmış diaqnostika problemnin həlli istiqamətində aparılan tədqiqatlar əks etdirilir. Ənənəvi spektral metodologiyasından fərqli olaraq tətbiq edilən veyvlet alqoritmlərinin bir sıra mühüm üstünlükləri göstərilir. Açar sözlər: elektrofiziologiya, EKQ siqnalı, ilkin emal, veyvlet alqoritmləri, emal qurğuları, tibbi-kardioloji informasiya, tətbiqi proqramlar paketi Rashida Rashadat Bashirova A new approach to the analysis of electrocardiological signals studied in athletes under stress Abstract ECG is one of the main methods used in the diagnosis of heart disease. Analysis of electrocardiography (ECG) signals based on mathematical cybernetic methods is an important part of the problem of automated diagnostics. Research and practical activities in this area are experiencing a period of rapid development. The technical means of electrocardiological signals are complex computational complexes combined with information extraction and collection systems. The analysis of cardiographic data on the basis of mathematical and cybernetic tools and the researches carried out to correct the automatic diagnostic problem are reflected. In contrast to traditional spectral methodologies, a number of important advantages of the applied wave algorithms have been demonstrated. Key words: electrophysiology, ECG signal, initial processing, wavelet algorithms, processing devices, medical-cardiological information, application software package
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Wang, Qiao, Jianjun Wang, and Shenlin Ye. "Decision-Making Optimization Design of Enterprise Standardization Management Planning Based on Mobile Network System." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (May 31, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5548522.
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With the continuous deepening of enterprise management and market competition, the pressure of production and operation of enterprises is increasing, and it is urgent to improve the management level of enterprises. This paper mainly studies the decision optimization design of enterprise standardization management planning based on mobile network system. In this paper, the idea of clustering is used to integrate the customers into a customer clustering mode, which will greatly reduce the number of customers studied in the model and simplify the optimization process of the model. Through online and offline processes, these can achieve dynamic and rapid processing of data flow and can well meet the needs of users for data flow analysis. In the construction of enterprise standardization strategic performance evaluation index system, it is necessary to decompose, combine, and converge the index system. According to the construction principles and methods discussed above, the influencing factors of standardized strategic performance evaluation indicators of construction enterprises are preliminarily stratified by using the expert survey method and cluster analysis method, so as to construct the initial evaluation system. For the mobile network system testing, we use the black box test and white box test. The test content mainly includes two modules: area calculation and label calculation. Experimental data show that when the time threshold Ts is set to 1 hour, the prediction accuracy of TBM increases from 46.9% to 47.7%. The results show that the mobile network system realizes the whole life cycle management of enterprise standards and improves the management level of enterprise standardization work.
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Whipple, Julianne K., Edward J. Quebbeman, Kelly S. Lewis, Linda M. Gaughan, Edward L. Gallup, and Robert K. Ausman. "Identification of Patient-Controlled Analgesia Overdoses in Hospitalized Patients: A Computerized Method of Monitoring Adverse Events." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 28, no. 5 (May 1994): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809402800517.
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OBJECTIVE: To describe and validate a computer-based quality assurance method that detects narcotic overdoses associated with patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) use. SETTING: Two acute care teaching hospitals. PATIENTS: 4669 patients who received PCA. INTERVENTIONS: The following patient lists were obtained during a two-year period from both hospital information systems: those who received PCA and (1) received naloxone, a narcotic antagonist, (2) were transferred to an intensive care unit, (3) had a cardiac or respiratory arrest, or (4) died. Possible overdoses were defined as patients who appeared on the PCA list and one of the other lists. Charts were reviewed if the patient's name appeared on the PCA and one of the other lists. Patients were judged to have experienced a narcotic overdose if there was an immediate improvement in blood pressure, respiratory rate, or mental status after the administration of naloxone. RESULTS: The search strategy identified 294 possible overdoses in 1499 patients who received PCA. Ten charts were unavailable for review. An actual overdose occurred in 11 patients. The accuracy of the new method was compared with that of the hospitals' present reporting methods. Eleven overdoses were identified by the computer search, but only 6 overdoses were identified in incident and adverse drug reaction reports. CONCLUSIONS: The systematic computer search identified almost twice as many adverse incidents than were reported by the traditional hospital methods.
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Egorov, Sergey Yu, Roman S. Shilko, Artem I. Kovalev, and Yury P. Zinchenko. "Prospects for the Digital Education Development: Analysis from the Standpoint of System-Activity Approach." Vestnik RFFI, no. 4 (December 12, 2019): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22204/2410-4639-2019-104-04-120-127.
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Traditional "analog" form of the educational environment (textbook, system of classroom lessons) undergoes significant transformation driven by innovative educational configuration ("human – computer – digital educational environment"). Numerous electronic systems, resources, online-courses, mobile applications are developed and included in educational process. Immediate availability of considerable informational volumes and the content variability creates new operating conditions of personal cognitive processes. Since the possibilities and diversity of digital technologies are rapidly growing, and there are no adequate methodologies for studying them, studies of the problems of modern digital education – including its effectiveness – are still insufficient to develop generalized requirements for the effectiveness of e-learning. The fundamental issues of creating generalized model of digital education and digital educational environment on the basis of system and activity approach are discussed. Besides its theoretical importance for fundamental psychology and modern neuroscience and pedagogics, the model is important in terms of digital economy advancement and information society development in Russian Federation.
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Lavikainen, Piia, Elina Mattila, Pilvikki Absetz, Marja Harjumaa, Jaana Lindström, Elina Järvelä-Reijonen, Kirsikka Aittola, et al. "Digitally Supported Lifestyle Intervention to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Through Healthy Habits: Secondary Analysis of Long-Term User Engagement Trajectories in a Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 24, no. 2 (February 24, 2022): e31530. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/31530.
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Background Digital health interventions may offer a scalable way to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) with minimal burden on health care systems by providing early support for healthy behaviors among adults at increased risk for T2D. However, ensuring continued engagement with digital solutions is a challenge impacting the expected effectiveness. Objective We aimed to investigate the longitudinal usage patterns of a digital healthy habit formation intervention, BitHabit, and the associations with changes in T2D risk factors. Methods This is a secondary analysis of the StopDia (Stop Diabetes) study, an unblinded parallel 1-year randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of the BitHabit app alone or together with face-to-face group coaching in comparison with routine care in Finland in 2017-2019 among community-dwelling adults (aged 18 to 74 years) at an increased risk of T2D. We used longitudinal data on usage from 1926 participants randomized to the digital intervention arms. Latent class growth models were applied to identify user engagement trajectories with the app during the study. Predictors for trajectory membership were examined with multinomial logistic regression models. Analysis of covariance was used to investigate the association between trajectories and 12-month changes in T2D risk factors. Results More than half (1022/1926, 53.1%) of the participants continued to use the app throughout the 12-month intervention. The following 4 user engagement trajectories were identified: terminated usage (904/1926, 46.9%), weekly usage (731/1926, 38.0%), twice weekly usage (208/1926, 10.8%), and daily usage (83/1926, 4.3%). Active app use during the first month, higher net promoter score after the first 1 to 2 months of use, older age, and better quality of diet at baseline increased the odds of belonging to the continued usage trajectories. Compared with other trajectories, daily usage was associated with a higher increase in diet quality and a more pronounced decrease in BMI and waist circumference at 12 months. Conclusions Distinct long-term usage trajectories of the BitHabit app were identified, and individual predictors for belonging to different trajectory groups were found. These findings highlight the need for being able to identify individuals likely to disengage from interventions early on, and could be used to inform the development of future adaptive interventions. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03156478; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03156478 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-6574-y
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Cohen, Oriana D., Salma A. Abdou, Ian T. Nolan, and Pierre B. Saadeh. "Perforator Variability of the Anterolateral Thigh Flap Identified on Computed Tomographic Angiography: Anatomic and Clinical Implications." Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 36, no. 08 (July 8, 2020): 616–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713668.
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Abstract Background The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is a useful flap with minimal donor site morbidity. Preoperative computed tomographic angiography (CTA) for lower extremity reconstruction can determine vessel integrity and plan for recipient vascular targets. This study reviews lower extremity CTAs to further characterize ALT vascular anatomy and associated clinical implications thereof. Patients and Methods Lower extremity CTA studies were retrospectively reviewed, and information on ALT cutaneous perforator location, origin, and course was collected. Results A total of 58 lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) systems in 31 patients were included. Average age was 38.8 ± 15.9 years with mean body mass index of 27.2 ± 5.7 kg/m2. The majority of patients were females (23, 74.2%). The LCFA most commonly originated from the profunda femoris artery (87.3%), followed by the distal common femoral artery (9.1%). On average, there were 1.66 ± 0.69 cm perforators per extremity, with an average of 5.38 cm between adjacent perforators. Perforators originated from the descending branch of the LCFA in 89.6% of studies. Perforator caliber was <1 mm (29, 30.2%), 1 to 2 mm (55, 57.3%), or >2 mm (12, 12.5%). Mean distance from the most proximal perforator to the anterior superior iliac spine was 20.4 ± 4.82 cm. Perforators were musculocutaneous (46.9%), septocutaneous (34.4%), or septomyocutaneous (18.8%). In 58.1% of patients, only one thigh had easily dissectable septocutaneous and/or septomyocutaneous perforators, in which case preoperative CTA aided in donor thigh selection. Conclusion ALT flap cutaneous perforator anatomy varies considerably. Using CTA, we report on rates of septocutaneous, myocutaneous, and septomyocutaneous perforators and underscore its utility in perforator selection.
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Itoh, Naohiro, Hirokazu Mishima, Yuki Yoshida, Manami Yoshida, Hiroyuki Oka, and Ko Matsudaira. "Evaluation of the Effect of Patient Education and Strengthening Exercise Therapy Using a Mobile Messaging App on Work Productivity in Japanese Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: Open-Label, Randomized, Parallel-Group Trial." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 10, no. 5 (May 16, 2022): e35867. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/35867.
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Background Artificial intelligence–assisted interactive health promotion systems are useful tools for the management of musculoskeletal conditions. Objective This study aimed to explore the effects of web-based video patient education and strengthening exercise therapy, using a mobile messaging app, on work productivity and pain in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) receiving pharmacological treatment. Methods Patients with CLBP were randomly allocated to either the exercise group, who received education and exercise therapy using a mobile messaging app, or the conventional group. For patient education, a web-based video program was used to provide evidence-based thinking regarding the importance of a cognitive behavioral approach for CLBP. The exercise therapy was developed in accordance with the recommendations for alignment, core muscles, and endogenous activation, including improvement of posture and mobility for proper alignment, stimulation and/or strengthening of deep muscles for spinal stability, and operation of intrinsic pain for the activation of endogenous substances by aerobic exercise. Both groups continued to receive the usual medical care with pharmacological treatment. The end points were changes in work productivity, pain intensity, quality of life, fear of movement, and depression. The observation period for this study was 12 weeks. An analysis adjusted for baseline values, age at the time of consent acquisition, sex, and willingness to strengthen the exercise therapy was performed. Results The exercise and conventional groups included 48 and 51 patients, with a mean age of 47.9 years (SD 10.2 years; n=27, 56.3% male patients) and 46.9 years (SD 12.3 years; n=28, 54.9% male patients) in the full analysis set, respectively. No significant impact of these interventions on work productivity was observed in the exercise group compared with the conventional group (primary end point: Quantity and Quality method; 0.062 vs 0.114; difference between groups −0.053, 95% CI −0.184 to 0.079; P=.43). However, the exercise group showed consistently better trends for the other end points than did the conventional group. Compared with the conventional group, the exercise group showed a significant improvement in the symptoms of low back pain (3.2 vs 3.8; difference between groups −0.5, 95% CI −1.1 to 0.0; P=.04), quality of life (EuroQoL 5 Dimensions 5 Level: 0.068 vs 0.006; difference between groups 0.061, 95% CI 0.008 to 0.114; P=.03), and fear of movement at week 12 (−2.3 vs 0.5; difference between groups −2.8, 95% CI −5.5 to −0.1; P=.04). Conclusions This study suggests that patient education and strengthening exercise therapy using a mobile messaging app may be useful for treating CLBP. This study does not reveal the effect of therapeutic interventions on CLBP on work productivity. Thus, further research is required to assess work productivity with therapeutic interventions. Trial Registration University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000041037; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000046866
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Banke-Thomas, Aduragbemi. "The potential utility of an augmented data collection approach in understanding the journey to care of pregnant women for maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response." F1000Research 11 (July 4, 2022): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.123210.1.
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Background: The Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) proposed by the World Health Organization recognises the importance for health systems to understand the reasons underpinning the death of a pregnant woman or her newborn as an essential first step in preventing future similar deaths. Data for the surveillance component of the MPDSR process are typically collected from health facility sources and post-mortem interviews with affected families, though it may be traumatising to them. This brief report aimed to assess the potential utility of an augmented data collection method for mapping journeys of maternal and perinatal deaths, which does not require sourcing additional information from grieving family members. Methods: A descriptive analysis of maternal and perinatal deaths that occurred across all 24 public hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria, between 1st November 2018 and 30th October 2019 was conducted. Data on their demographic, obstetric history and complication at presentation, travel to the hospital, and mode of birth were extracted from their hospital records. The extracted travel data was exported to Google Maps, where driving distance and travel time to the hospital for the period of the day of travel were also extracted. Results: Of the 182 maternal deaths, most presented during the week (80.8%), travelled 5-10 km (30.6%) and 10-29 minutes (46.9%), and travelled to the nearest hospital to their places of residence (70.9%). Of the 442 pregnant women who had perinatal deaths, most presented during the week (78.5%), travelled <5 km (26.9%) and 10-29 minutes (38.0%). For both, the least reported travel data was the mode of travel used to care (>90.0%) and the period of the day they travelled (approximately 30.0%). Conclusion: An augmented data collection approach that includes accurate and complete travel data and closer-to-reality estimates of travel time and distance can be beneficial for MPDSR purposes.
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Banke-Thomas, Aduragbemi. "The potential utility of an augmented data collection approach in understanding the journey to care of pregnant women for maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response." F1000Research 11 (September 23, 2022): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.123210.3.
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Background: The Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) proposed by the World Health Organization recognises the importance for health systems to understand the reasons underpinning the death of a pregnant woman or her newborn as an essential first step in preventing future similar deaths. Data for the surveillance component of the MPDSR process are typically collected from health facility sources and post-mortem interviews with affected families, though it may be traumatising to them. This brief report aimed to assess the potential utility of an augmented data collection method for mapping journeys of maternal and perinatal deaths, which does not require sourcing additional information from grieving family members. Methods: A descriptive analysis of maternal and perinatal deaths that occurred across 24 public hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria, between 1st November 2018 and 30th October 2019 was conducted. Data on their demographic, obstetric history and complication at presentation, travel to the hospital, and mode of birth were extracted from their hospital records. The extracted travel data was exported to Google Maps, where driving distance and travel time to the hospital for the period of the day of travel were also extracted. Results: Of the 182 maternal deaths, most presented during the week (80.8%), travelled 5-10 km (30.6%) and 10-29 minutes (46.9%), and travelled to the nearest hospital to their places of residence (70.9%). Of the 442 pregnant women who had perinatal deaths, most presented during the week (78.5%), travelled <5 km (26.9%) and 10-29 minutes (38.0%). For both, the least reported travel data was the mode of travel used to care (>90.0%) and the period of the day they travelled (approximately 30.0%). Conclusion: An augmented data collection approach that includes accurate and complete travel data and closer-to-reality estimates of travel time and distance can be beneficial for MPDSR purposes.
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Banke-Thomas, Aduragbemi. "The potential utility of an augmented data collection approach in understanding the journey to care of pregnant women for maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response." F1000Research 11 (September 7, 2022): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.123210.2.
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Background: The Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) proposed by the World Health Organization recognises the importance for health systems to understand the reasons underpinning the death of a pregnant woman or her newborn as an essential first step in preventing future similar deaths. Data for the surveillance component of the MPDSR process are typically collected from health facility sources and post-mortem interviews with affected families, though it may be traumatising to them. This brief report aimed to assess the potential utility of an augmented data collection method for mapping journeys of maternal and perinatal deaths, which does not require sourcing additional information from grieving family members. Methods: A descriptive analysis of maternal and perinatal deaths that occurred across all 24 public hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria, between 1st November 2018 and 30th October 2019 was conducted. Data on their demographic, obstetric history and complication at presentation, travel to the hospital, and mode of birth were extracted from their hospital records. The extracted travel data was exported to Google Maps, where driving distance and travel time to the hospital for the period of the day of travel were also extracted. Results: Of the 182 maternal deaths, most presented during the week (80.8%), travelled 5-10 km (30.6%) and 10-29 minutes (46.9%), and travelled to the nearest hospital to their places of residence (70.9%). Of the 442 pregnant women who had perinatal deaths, most presented during the week (78.5%), travelled <5 km (26.9%) and 10-29 minutes (38.0%). For both, the least reported travel data was the mode of travel used to care (>90.0%) and the period of the day they travelled (approximately 30.0%). Conclusion: An augmented data collection approach that includes accurate and complete travel data and closer-to-reality estimates of travel time and distance can be beneficial for MPDSR purposes.
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Díaz-Rodríguez, Lourdes, Keyla Vargas-Román, María del Mar Díaz-Rodríguez, Juan Carlos Sánchez-García, Antonio Liñán-González, and Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque. "Using “Diraya” System as a Complementary Tool in Nursing Process Education: A Controlled Clinical Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 10 (May 14, 2022): 2771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11102771.
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Background: Healthcare has been revolutionized by the application of information and communication technologies. The implementation of electronic health record systems improves the quality and safety of patient healthcare. Nursing students who start learning the nursing process without contact with real patients experience difficulties in its correct application. Purpose: To compare the acquisition of skills and competencies in the nursing process by undergraduate nursing students between conventional learning with books and learning with an academic electronic health record system (Diraya). Methods: A controlled experimental study was conducted and included 379 students with a mean age of 20.54 ± 5.09 years, enrolled in the “Nursing Process and Basic Care” degree course at the School of Health Sciences in Granada. All participants gave their informed consent and were allocated by convenience sampling to a control group (n = 187; 21.20 ± 5.77 years) or an experimental group (n = 192, 19.91 ± 4.24 years). Findings: The experimental and control groups did not differ in sex distribution (p = 0.20), mean age (p = 0.01), or previous knowledge of the nursing process (p = 0.96). The groups did not significantly differ in multi-choice test results on the acquisition of theoretical knowledge (p = 0.13). However, the experimental group scored higher on clinical case planning (9.47 ± 0.80 vs. 8.95 ± 1.17; p < 0.001), took less time to complete it (46.9 ± 8.76 min vs. 82.66 ± 13.14 min; p < 0.001), and needed fewer autonomous learning hours to prepare for the final examination (2.26 ± 2.41 vs. 9.58 ± 3.83; p < 0.001). Satisfaction with the program and the rating of its quality were generally higher in the experimental group, while greater difficulty with most phases of the nursing process was reported by the control group. Conclusions: The academic electronic health record system “Diraya” is a useful tool to improve the learning and implementation of the nursing process by undergraduate nursing students.
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Elshan Bahmanli, Gunay. "Davamlı inkişaf çərçivəsində Qarabağ regionunda görüləcək işlərlə bağlı təkliflər." SCIENTIFIC WORK 79, no. 6 (June 17, 2022): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/79/55-58.
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After winning the 44-day Patriotic War in 2020, Azerbaijan's primary task was to rebuild and restore Karabakh. Because the social, economic, and civic infrastructure of the region, which Armenia has controlled for 30 years, has been completely destroyed. Significant industrial infrastructure, as well as transportation and communication networks, have been devastated in the region. The rebuilding process must be carried out in accordance with the long-term economic system's goals. Sustainable development is the most cutting-edge strategy to progress that not only incorporates future needs without limiting humanity's possibilities, but also encompasses human potential and capital, current information mobilization, and environmental assurance and advancement. Sustainable development is dynamic approach to development (Sachs Jeffrey, 2021: 1). This has social, economic, and environmental ramifications, and given the current status of the Karabakh region, all three paths for reconstruction are perfect. Sustainable development has 17 internationally recognized goals. Since we started the path of development in Karabakh from scratch, it will be very successful to take appropriate measures based on these goals. Key words: sustainability, sustainable development, Karabakh, suggestions, reconstruction Günay Elşən qızı Bəhmənli Davamlı inkişaf çərçivəsində Qarabağ regionunda görüləcək işlərlə bağlı təkliflər Xülasə 2020-ci ildə 44 günlük Vətən Müharibəsində qalib gəldikdən sonra Azərbaycanın əsas vəzifəsi Qarabağı yenidən qurmaq və bərpa etmək idi. Çünki Ermənistanın 30 ildir nəzarətində olduğu bölgənin sosial, iqtisadi infrastrukturu tamamilə məhv edilib. Bölgədə əhəmiyyətli sənaye infrastrukturu, o cümlədən nəqliyyat və kommunikasiya şəbəkələri dağıdılıb. Yenidənqurma prosesi uzunmüddətli iqtisadi sistemin məqsədlərinə uyğun aparılmalıdır. Davamlı inkişaf təkcə bəşəriyyətin imkanlarını məhdudlaşdırmadan gələcək ehtiyacları deyil, həm də insan potensialını və kapitalını, cari məlumat səfərbərliyini, ətraf mühitin təminatı və irəliləyişini əhatə edən tərəqqi üçün ən qabaqcıl strategiyadır. Davamlı inkişaf inkişafa dinamik yanaşmadır. Bunun sosial, iqtisadi və ekoloji nəticələri var və Qarabağ bölgəsinin hazırkı statusunu nəzərə alsaq, yenidənqurma üçün hər üç yol mükəmməldir. Davamlı inkişafın beynəlxalq səviyyədə tanınmış 17 məqsədi var. Biz Qarabağda inkişaf yoluna sıfırdan başladığımız üçün bu məqsədləri əsas götürərək müvafiq tədbirlərin görülməsi çox uğurlu olacaqdır. Açar sözlər: davamlılıq, davamlı inkişaf, Qarabağ, təkliflər, yenidənqurma
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Никонова, О. Б., М. Е. Рябова, И. П. Введенская, and Н. Е. Филатова. "Neural networks in training and analysis of complex data in the educational process." Management of Education, no. 8(54) (October 17, 2022): 229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25726/b3751-4629-3690-s.
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Изменения в экономических процессах и показателях оказывают значительное влияние на каждого конкретного человека и человечество в целом. Если проанализировать деятельность любого человека, то мы заметим, что вопросы экономического характера будут занимать в его жизни ведущие места. Поэтому, чрезвычайно важно анализировать экономические процессы быстро и тратить при этом минимум интеллектуальных ресурсов и уменьшать уровень погрешности. С развитием информационных наук и наблюдением за строением нашего мозга возникли нейронные сети, которые способны значительно ускорить анализ данных и уменьшить погрешность. А также находить в процессах или явлениях, которые анализируются, нелинейные зависимости, закономерности и причинно-следственные связи, которые при узком рассмотрении данных могут быть не учтены. Наиболее эффективными нейронные сети показывают себя при работе с большим количеством данных, которые человек физически не способен воспринять. К примеру, сегодня каждый пользуется поисковыми сервисами, электронными платежными системами и смартфонами с геолокацией, поэтому искусственные нейронные сети широко используются корпорациями для того, чтобы найти, какой товар заинтересует каждого конкретного покупателя, или для персонализированной рекламы на основе данных, полученных о пользователе (при наличии этих данных). Однако можно сказать, что нейронные сети не являются совершенным инструментом и имеют ряд недостатков, поскольку существует много архитектур, рассчитанных для решения отдельных задач и требующих длительного процесса обучения и значительного количества данных. Но при правильном выборе типа сети и ее дальнейшей настройке и обучении можно достичь исключительных результатов в анализе большого количества данных. Именно поэтому, исследование темы применения нейронных сетей в экономике является актуальным и необходимым научным направлением, которое требует более глубокого исследования. Changes in economic processes and indicators have a significant impact on each individual and humanity as a whole. If we analyze the activities of any person, we will notice that economic issues will occupy leading places in his life. Therefore, it is extremely important to analyze economic processes quickly and at the same time spend a minimum of intellectual resources and reduce the level of error. With the development of information science and the observation of the structure of our brain, neural networks have emerged that can significantly speed up data analysis and reduce error. And also to find in the processes or phenomena that are being analyzed, nonlinear dependencies, patterns and cause-and-effect relationships that may not be taken into account when narrowly considering the data. Neural networks show themselves to be the most effective when working with a large amount of data that a person is physically unable to perceive. For example, today everyone uses search services, electronic payment systems and smartphones with geolocation, so artificial neural networks are widely used by corporations to find which product will interest each particular buyer, or for personalized advertising based on data obtained about the user (if this data is available). However, it can be said that neural networks are not a perfect tool and have a number of disadvantages, since there are many architectures designed to solve individual tasks and require a long learning process and a significant amount of data. But with the right choice of network type and its further configuration and training, you can achieve exceptional results in analyzing a large amount of data. That is why the study of the topic of the use of neural networks in economics is an urgent and necessary scientific direction that requires more in-depth research.
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Grunder, Yvonne. "Perspectives and Impact of in-Situ X-Ray Techniques for Electrodeposition." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 24 (October 9, 2022): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02241003mtgabs.
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In-situ surface x-ray diffraction has enabled an atomic/molecular-level understanding of the electrochemical interface, including its potential and time dependence, to be developed. [1] Specifically, for electrodeposition the influence of additives and adsorbates onto growth and nucleation behaviour could be established. Halogens on metal surfaces are prototypic adsorbate systems but the adsorption of halide ions especially on copper is also of major importance for on-chip metallization in ULSI microchip production. Halide ions on Cu surfaces form an inhibiting adsorbate layer with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Even though the influence of the additives combination on the shape evolution of the Cu deposit was subject of numerous studies, their precise role during the elementary steps of the deposition with regards to altering the charge distribution and dipole moment at the interface is largely not understood. [1] While information about the atomic structure of the electrode surface in electrochemical in-situ cells has been widely investigated, insight into the charge distribution and the structure of the electrolyte at the interface is still lacking. Combining x-ray spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction to gain site-specific information about the charge distribution at buried interfaces is a promising tool. [2,3,4] Studies on the metal-halide interface and how the use of surface x-ray scattering techniques can help to characterise electrochemical interfaces in-situ in order to link, structure and stability and morphology changes will be presented. [1, 4] Advances in these directions offer possibilities in elucidating atomic scale models of the electrochemical interface and thus will help to establish structure-stability-reactivity relationships which will help to understand growth kinetics and nucleation behaviour. References: [1] In-Situ Surface X-ray Diffraction Studies of Copper Electrodes: Atomic-Scale Interface Structure and Growth Behavior. Gruender, Y., Stettner, J., & Magnussen, O. M. (2018). Journal of the Electrochemical Society; 166(1), D3049-D3057. doi:10.1149/2.0071901jes [2] Probing the charge distribution at the electrochemical interface; Y. Gründer and C. A. Lucas, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2017, 19, 8416 [3] Simulation of Surface Resonant X-ray Diffraction; Y. Joly et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput,. 2018, 14, 973−980 [4] Charge Reorganization at the Adsorbate Covered Electrode Surface Probed through in Situ Resonant X-ray Diffraction Combined with ab Initio Modeling;Y. Grunder, C. A. Lucas, P. B. J. Thompson, Y. Joly, Y. Soldo-OlivierJ. Phys. Chem. C 2022, 126, 9, 4612–4619
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Arnold, Donald M., Shuoyan Ning, Rebecca Barty, Yang Liu, Richard Cook, Bram Rochberg, Alfonso Iorio, Andrew W. Shih, and Nancy M. Heddle. "The Effect of Platelet Transfusion on Death in the Intensive Care Unit." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 3850. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.3850.3850.
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Abstract Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common complication of critical illness and an independent risk factor for death in the intensive care unit (ICU). Whether platelet transfusions modify the risk of death in critically ill patients is unknown. Methods: Adult patients admitted to ICU who received one or more platelet transfusion over a 10-year period (2006 - 2015) from 3 academic hospitals in Canada were analyzed from a blood transfusion registry. Oncology patients were excluded. Contemporaneous non-transfused ICU patients were used as controls. Data from the registry were validated by integrity checks with medical records and laboratory information systems. We estimated the effect of platelet transfusion on mortality in ICU adjusted for baseline and time-varying covariates including multi-organ dysfunction score (MODS) and severity of thrombocytopenia using a stratified cox proportional hazards model. Significance was set at p<0.05 for all analyses. Results: Of 43,234 non-oncology patients admitted to ICU, 5,621 (13.0%) received one or more platelet transfusion. Compared with non-transfused controls, transfused patients had lower platelet counts (median, 82 x109/L vs. 163 x109/L); were more often admitted after surgery (90.7% vs. 46.9%) especially cardiac surgery (86.8% of surgeries vs. 60.6%); and had higher unadjusted mortality (10.7% vs. 6.5%). Using regression analysis adjusted for covariates (nadir platelet count, red blood cell transfusion, need for hemodialysis) and stratified by age, baseline MODS score (available for 66.2% of patients) and need for invasive mechanical ventilation, platelet transfusions were associated with a lower risk of death in ICU [hazard ratio (HR)= 0.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.46 - 0.96; p= 0.028; n= 26,404 with all available data]. A similar effect was observed in the subgroup of cardiac surgery patients (HR= 0.50; 95% CI, 0.26 - 0.98; p=0.044; n= 10,676) but not all surgical patients (HR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.46 - 1.17; p= 0.188; n= 14,461). Conclusion:After adjusting for illness severity, thrombocytopenia and other confounders common among critically ill patients, platelet transfusions were associated with improved survival in the population of mostly cardiac surgery patients. This potential protective effect of platelet transfusions requires further evaluation in prospective studies. Disclosures Arnold: Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy; UCB: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding.
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Ríos, Viridiana, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, and Simón Barquera. "Association between living in municipalities with high crowding conditions and poverty and mortality from COVID-19 in Mexico." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 22, 2022): e0264137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264137.
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Background The World Health Organization stated a pandemic by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS-Cov2 (COVID-19) on March, 2020 with devastating implications for populations, healthcare systems, and economies globally. Objective The present study explores the association between patients living in municipalities with crowding conditions and poverty and mortality from COVID-19 in Mexico; specifically evaluating the socioeconomic characteristics of the municipality in which the patients reside and some individual characteristics. Methods In the present study, we examined public information collected from the National Epidemiological Surveillance System informing all persons tested for SARS-CoV-2 and published by the Ministry of Health. The present analysis was restricted to those with the date of registration to October 12, 2021. The association between the main exposures (overcrowded conditions and poverty) and the outcomes of interest (death by COVID-19) was explored using Cox proportional hazard regression models, including frailty penalties to accommodate multilevel data and random effects for the municipality of case occurrence. Results A total of 9619917 subjects were included in the Epidemiological Surveillance System for viral respiratory disease platform. Of those for which results were available, 6141403 were negative for COVID-19 and 3478514 were positive for COVID-19; with a total of 273216 deaths in those who tested positive. Among those positive to COVID-19 mean age was 46.9. Patients living in municipalities with high rates of crowding conditions increased the risk of dying from COVID-19 by 8% (95% CI: 1.03, 1.14). Individuals living in municipalities with indigenous background was associated with an increased risk of dying from COVID-19 (HR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.17). Individuals living in municipalities with illiteracy (HR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.11), poverty (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.19), food insecurity (HR = 1.094; 95% CI 1.02, 1.06), limited access to social security (HR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.13) and health services (HR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.08) had a higher risk of mortality from COVID-19. Conclusion Our data suggest that patients living in municipalities with higher rates of crowding conditions and higher rates of poverty had elevated risk of mortality from COVID-19. In Mexico, the COVID-19 pandemic is a systemic crisis linked to human development since we have seen that it affects less developed and more vulnerable municipalities. Policies to reduce vulnerabilities and develop strategies to deal with health crises like the current one needs to be considered.
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Munir, Gulshan, Sadia Farhad, Shaista Alam, Asma Azim, Saman Hussain, Sikandar Ali Khan, Khadija Raziq, Sudhair Abbas Bangash, Inam-U. Llah, and Hina Mir. "Epidemiology and Susceptibility Profile of Aspergillus Species: An Experience from Tertiary Care Hospital." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 7 (July 30, 2022): 634–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22167634.
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Objective: The primary emphasis of our research is on people with hematologic malignancies, and we want to learn more about the features of clinical and environmental Aspergillus isolates by doing so. Study Design: Prospective study Place and Duration: This study was carried out at Department of Pathology, Mardan Medical Complex from October 2021 to March 2022 Methods: There were 160 patients of both genders included in this study. Included patients were aged between 18-80 years. Patients with hematologic malignancy were included. Invasive aspergiluus isolates from all patients in which 80 were clinical and 80 were environmental. . With the help of SPSS 22.0, clinical data were analyzed and Aspergillus species-level cryptic identification, antifungal susceptibilities, and cyp51 gene sequencing were all carried out. Results: Among 160 included patients, majority of the cases 95 (59.4%) were males and 65 (40.6%) patients were females. We found that 75 (46.9%) cases had age >50 years. Most common diagnostic criteria were probable IA found in 140 (87.5%) cases. Co-morbidities were pulmonary disease, neurological disease, autoimmune disease, cardiac disease and burns. Cryptic Aspergillus species composed 37.5% of environmental and clinical isolates. Section Nigri had a significant value (70.5%) of cryptic species, mostly among A. awamori and A. tubingensis the former was prevalent in ambient samples and the latter in clinical isolates (P 0.003). Twelve (7.5%) of 80 A. fumigatus isolates were azole resistant. At 90 days, A.fumigatus was 100% responsible for all deaths by resistant to azoles. Conclusion: Comparing clinical and environmental isolates, this study reveals a large proportion of cryptic Aspergillus species, highlights the clinical consequences of azole resistance. Keywords: Hematologic Malignancy, Drug Resistance Mechanisms, Aspergillus, Environmental Microbiology, Azoles
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Guimarães, F., M. Silvério-António, J. Martinho, A. T. Melo, D. Santos Oliveira, J. M. Pestana Lopes, A. Saraiva, et al. "AB0655 Clinical and immunological features of a Portuguese cohort of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1454.2–1455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.617.
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BackgroundVarious nationwide studies have been already published to better understand Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) (1,2). However, Portuguese data is not available.ObjectivesTo characterize clinical and immunological features of a Portuguese cohort of patients with MCTD.MethodsRetrospective, multicenter study including adult-onset patients with clinical diagnosis of MCTD and fulfilling at least one of the following classification criteria: Sharp, Kasukawa, Alarcón-Segovia or the Kahn’s criteria. Positivity to other autoantibodies besides anti-U1-RNP were allowed. SPSS was used for statistical analysis and significance level was defined as 2-sided p<.05.ResultsA total of 98 patients were included, with a mean age at diagnosis and disease duration of 40.5±13.7 and 7.0±6.5 years, respectively. Most patients were female (87.8%) and Caucasian (70.4%). Raynaud’s phenomenon (96.9%), arthralgia/arthritis (94.9/74.5%) and puffy fingers (60.2%) were the most common and early manifestations. Gastroesophageal (GE), respiratory and muscular involvement were also prevalent, mostly during the follow up, affecting 30.6%, 34.7% and 43.9% of the patients, respectively. Clinical and immunological characteristics are described in Table 1. Males were older at symptom’s onset (65.0 VS 46.7, p=.035), having more respiratory involvement (OR=4.5, 95% CI 1.3-16.4), and positivity to anti-ACPA (OR=20.0, 95% CI: 3.1-129.4). GE involvement occurred more often in Caucasian patients (OR=3.8; 95% CI: 1.0-14.1), while anemia of chronic diseases (OR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.0-7.2), myositis (OR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.3-9.9) and constitutional symptoms (OR=3.2; 95% CI: 1.2-8.3) were more frequent in Afro-American patients, whose were also younger at disease (34.1 VS 50.6, p=.01). After a median follow-up time of 4 (IQR 8) years, 4 deaths occurred (4.1%), mostly (75%) due to infectious complications.Table 1.Clinical and immunological characteristicsClinical ManifestationsAt presentationFollow-upMucocutaneous systemRaynaud’s phenomenon, n (%)85 (86.7)95 (96.9)Puffy hands, n (%)48 (49.0)59 (60.2)SSc-like, n (%)43 (44.8)59 (60.8)SLE-like, n (%)28 (28.9)35 (35.7)Musculoskeletal systemArthralgia/Arthritis, n (%)/n (%)81 (82.7) / 56 (57.1)93 (94.9) / 73 (74.5)Myositis, n (%)26 (25.6)43 (43.9)Hematological system, n (%)46 (46.9)70 (71.4)Respiratory system, n (%)14 (14.3)34 (34.7)Cardiovascular system3 (3.1)4 (4.1)Pulmonary hypertension*2 (2.0)15 (15.3)Gastroesophageal involvement, n (%)11 (11.2)30 (30.6)Renal involvement, n (%)2 (2.0)10 (10.2)Neurological involvement, n (%)6 (6.3)14 (14.3)Constitutional symptoms, n (%)26 (26.5)30 (30.6)Immunological characteristicsAnti-dsDNA, n (%)21 (21.4)Anti-smith antibody, n (%)21 (21.4)Anti-Ro/SSA, n (%)31 (31.6)Anti-La/SSB, n (%)7 (7.1)Anti-centromere, n (%)3 (4.1)Rheumatoid Factor, n (%)39 (39.8)Anti- anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, n (%)6 (6.1)Antiphospholipid antibodies, n (%)7 (7.1)Myositis antibodies, n (%)9 (9.2)Complement activation, n (%)27 (27.6)Hypergammaglobulinemia, n (%)51 (52.0)Legend: Anti-dsDNA: anti-double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus, SSc: systemic sclerosis. *No information regarding cardiac catheterism, then compatible alterations in the echocardiogram.ConclusionRaynaud’s phenomenon, puffy fingers and arthritis were the most common manifestations in Portuguese patients, with similar proportions found in literature (1,2). However, we reported some differences in mucocutaneous, renal and serosa involvement and higher prevalence of probable pulmonary hypertension (1,2), which may be explained by the heterogeneity of the inclusion criteria. Except for respiratory, myositis, GE and constitutional symptoms, there were no differences regarding gender and ethnicity.Here, we characterize the largest cohort of MCTD in Portugal.References[1]Cappelli S, et al. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Feb;41(4):589–98.[2]Alves MR et al. Clin Exp Med. 2020 May;20(2):159–66.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Aronova, E., G. Gridneva, and B. Belov. "AB1097 FEATURES OF THE COURSE AND CLINICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS WHO UNDERWENT COVID-19." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (May 23, 2022): 1666.3–1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.968.
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BackgroundCOVID-19 remains a serious problem almost two years later, despite the ongoing active search for effective tools to control it. To date, it is known that COVID-19 not only proceeds as an acute respiratory illness, but also leads to a systemic inflammatory response and hypercoagulability through activation of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases appear to be more vulnerable to the development of severe forms of COVID-19 due to the impaired immune response associated with RMD. In addition, immunosuppressants prescribed to control RMD increase the risk of infections. And finally, RMD is often combined with comorbid conditions from the group of risk factors for severe forms of COVID-19 such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity.Objectivesto characterize the features of the course of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.MethodsWe studied the material of questionnaires filled out by patients of the hospital of the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology who underwent COVID-19, verified by RT-PCR to SARS-CoV-2 RNA, for the period from 05/15/2020 to 12/15/2021. The information was supplemented with data from discharge reports after inpatient treatment of COVID-19. Statistica software (version 12) was used for statistical processing. The results of the correlation analysis were considered reliable at p≤0.05.ResultsThe study included 32 adult (over 18 years old) patients (29 women, 90%) with a reliable diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (ACR / EULAR). The average age of patients is 50.75 ± 16.48 years. In the study group, 29 (90.6%) patients never smoked, 2 smoked in the past and 1 was an active smoker. The duration of the course of RA (median) was 8 [4; 14.5] years. The most common comorbidities were diseases of the cardiovascular system (in 20 patients), diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (in 7 patients), diabetes (in 4 patients) and obesity (in 5 patients). The median number of comorbid diseases was 1 [0; 3]. At the time of the development of COVID-19, the severity of RA symptoms, assessed by the VAS, was 4.78 ± 3.06. As antirheumatic therapy, 10 (31.25%) patients took glucocorticoids at an average dose of 5 ± 3.9 mg / day. (prednisolone equivalent), 22 (68.75%) - DMARDs. 19 patients received bDMARDs, incl. 12 - rituximab (37.5%, of which 7 received the last infusion within 6 months or less before the first symptoms of COVID-19 appeared).Among the clinical manifestations of COVID-19, weakness was most often noted, fatigue - in 29 (90.6%), fever - in 23 (71.9%), anosmia - in 20 (62.5%), dysgeusia - in 19 (59.4%), increased arthralgia - in 17 (53.1%), shortness of breath during exercise - in 16 (50%), cough - in 15 (46.9%). There was a significant positive correlation between increased arthralgia during COVID-19 and RA activity. On average (median), each patient reported 13.5 [9.75; 19.25] symptoms associated with COVID-19. There was no significant correlation between the number of COVID-19 symptoms and RA activity.During COVID-19, CT scan was performed in 19 patients: CT-0 - in 1 patient (5.3%), CT-1 - in 9 (47.4%), CT-2 - in 5 (26.3%), CT-3 - in 3 (15.7%), CT-4 - in 1 (5.3%). There was no correlation between the CT stage and RA activity.12 patients (37.5%) were hospitalized, of which 8 needed oxygen support. Rituximab treatment was not associated with hospitalization rates. Complications were reported in 4 cases (12.5%): venous thrombosis in 2 patients and acute respiratory failure in 2 more patients.Conclusion37.5% of COVID-19 patients in the study group required inpatient treatment. In 12.5% - COVID-19 proceeded with complications. The number of symptoms associated with COVID-19 did not correlate with RA activity. However, patients with higher RA activity more often noted increased arthralgia.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared