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Journal articles on the topic "4630j"

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Williams, Gareth. "Schrecker, T.and Bambra, C. How Politics Makes Us Sick: Neoliberal Epidemics. Palgrave Macmillan. 2015. 167pp £19.99 (pbk) ISBN 978-1-137-46306-7 (hbk) ISBN 978-1-137-46309-8 (pbk)." Sociology of Health & Illness 38, no. 5 (August 19, 2015): 829–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.12350.

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Virág, István, K. Szalay, C. Szőke, G. Milics, L. Marton, and M. Neményi. "Analysing symptoms of Fusarium ear rot on maize (Zea mays L.) using an ex situ hyperspectral examination method." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 59, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.59.2011.3.6.

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Kernel samples of two maize hybrids (46308 and 463017) with different levels of resistance to Fusarium ear rot were collected from artificially and naturally infected plants. The spectral characteristics of the samples were analysed with an ASD Fieldspec 3 MAX spectroradiometer in the wavelength range of 350 to 2500 nm using an ex situ method. The different extents of artificial and natural Fusarium infection on the maize kernels resulted in spectral differences detectable with a spectroradiometer. The data showed that for both genotypes the level of Fusarium infection generated by artificial inoculation was significantly higher than that caused by natural infection over a wavelength range of 2030 to 2080 nm. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on the data set for this range revealed that the first component explained 77.0% of the variability for hybrid 46308 and 97.0% for hybrid 46317.
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Smetanina, O. F., A. I. Kalinovskii, Yu V. Khudyakov, O. P. Moiseenko, M. V. Pivkin, N. I. Menzorova, Yu T. Sibirtsev, and T. A. Kuznetsova. "Metabolites of the Marine Fungus Asperigillus varians KMM 4630." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 41, no. 2 (March 2005): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-005-0125-8.

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Lange, Jens Sören. "XYZ at Belle." EPJ Web of Conferences 212 (2019): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921202006.

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Recent results of exotic states with heavy quarks, denoted as XYZ states, are presented. The results include searches for the Y(4260) in B meson decays, a spin partner of Y(4630), and the strange Pentaquark $ P_s^ + $. An addition, the measurements of the absolute branching fraction of X(3872) and search for double Zc production is dicussed.
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Kong, Young-Yun, Ulrich Feige, Iidiko Sarosi, Brad Bolon, Anna Tafuri, Sean Morony, Casey Capparelli, et al. "Activated T cells regulate bone loss and joint destruction in adjuvant arthritis through osteoprotegerin ligand." Nature 402, no. 6759 (November 1999): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/46303.

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TAKAGI, Kouji, and Takeo TAKASHIMA. "4630 Heat-Driven Oscillations of Liquid-Vapor Column in a Horizontal Tube." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2006.3 (2006): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2006.3.0_201.

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Api, A. M., D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. L. Dagli, et al. "RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, Valencene, CAS Registry Number 4630-07-3." Food and Chemical Toxicology 118 (September 2018): S141—S146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.047.

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NEGRE, N., S. A. CROOKER, A. WOJS, and G. KARCZEWSKI. "HIGH MAGNETIC FIELD OPTICAL STUDIES OF CHARGED EXCITON IN CdTe 2D ELECTRON GASES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 20n22 (August 30, 2002): 2972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202013341.

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Photoluminescence (PL) and reflectivity spectroscopy in magnetic fields up to 60 Tesla are used to investigate the excitonic optical transitions within CdTe/(Cd,Mg)Te 2D electron gases. The samples are 100 A and 200 A wide quantum well (QW) wherein the electron density is varied smoothly from 1 × 1011 to 4.5 × 1011 cm-3 across the wafer. This allows us to follow the energy diagram of the neutral exciton ( X 0) and the charged exciton singlet and triplet spin states ( X - s , X - t ) versus magnetic field and the electron density. We observe a weak PL peak above 12 T (15 T) for the 200 A QW (100 A) at the low energy side of the spectra in addition to the X -0 and X - s PL. This peak could be the signature of a fundamental dark triplet state recently predicted (Phys. Rev. B62, 4630). Moreover, for high density samples a balance of PL intensity between the X -s and an other X -t occurs in the 25T-30T range. These results are interpreted on the basis of the calculations by Wojs et al. (Phys. Rev. B62 4630) taking account the Zeeman energy of the charged exciton.
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Roberts, Laura. "The Importance of Tough-Love Mentoring to Doctoral Student Success: Instruments to Measure the Doctoral Student/Proteges’ Perspective." International Journal of Doctoral Studies 15 (2020): 485–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4630.

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Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine tough-love mentoring theory (TLM) as a potential way to address the problem of low graduation rates among doctoral students. Background: In order to address this purpose, the researcher presents the following: a) a validation study for assessment tools pertaining to TLM and b) a validation study of TLM theory and its two sub-theories: mentor integrity and trustworthiness sub-theory (MIT) and the mentor high standards sub-theory (MHS). Methodology: The researcher tested the validity of the mentor integrity and trustworthiness scale from the protégés’ perspective (MIT-P), the mentor high standards scale from the protégés’ perspective (MHS-P) and the protégés’ perceptions of their own independence (PPI) scale. The sample consisted of 31 doctoral protégés recruited with multi-phase sampling at four education-related doctoral programs in the eastern part of the United States. Contribution: The study provides evidence to support TLM as a strategy to address the problem of low graduation rates among doctoral students. In addition, the study contributes validation of assessment tools that can be used to measure doctoral protégés’ perceptions of their mentors. Findings: For each scale, the data show acceptable levels of internal consistency and evidence of content validity. The data are consistent with the TLM theory and its two sub-theories. The unique contribution of the current study is that it draws from the protégés’ perspective. Recommendations for Practitioners: The researcher presents a) strategies protégés can use to find trustworthy mentors with high standards and b) strategies program administrators can use for professional development of doctoral mentors. The researcher also provides the Right Angle Research Alignment (RARA) table to help protégés organize and manage the research methods section of their dissertation. Recommendation for Researchers: It is recommended that researchers use experimental methods to test TLM theory and the sub-theories, MIT and MHS. Impact on Society: This theory may be useful in business and in the arts and in other teaching relationships such as coaching and tutoring. The researcher encourages scholars to test TLM theory in these other contexts. Future Research: Further research questions that arise from this study are as follows: How can protégés find mentors who have high standards and who are trustworthy? What can doctoral program administrators do to help mentors develop high standards and trustworthiness?
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Myers, J. H. "Effect of Physiological Condition of the Host Plant on the Ovipositional Choice of the Cabbage White Butterfly, Pieris rapae." Journal of Animal Ecology 54, no. 1 (February 1985): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4630.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "4630j"

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Arzt, Markus. "Approche des phénomènes cycliques par la méthode à grand incrément de temps." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DENS0014.

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Ce travail est l'application d'un algorithme à grand incrément de temps pour l'analyse de problèmes d'évolution en temps. Contrairement aux méthodes classiques basées sur le schéma pas à pas, l'ensemble du chargement est étudié en un seul grand incrément. Il s'agit d'une analyse non linéaire de structures soumises à un chargement cyclique. La relation de comportement viscoplastique du matériau est décrite par variables internes. Une formulation standard et normale permet de définir des directions de recherche à partir de l'operateur tangent afin de réduire le nombre d'itérations de la méthode. Une technique utilisant deux échelles de temps est développée pour diminuer les calculs numériques des simulations. Une comparaison des résultats obtenus par un calcul classique est effectuée dans le cas d'un problème simple. Les résultats pour une structure comportant de l'ordre de 3000 degrés de liberté soumise à un chargement de 1000 cycles sont également présentés
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Francescato, Pascal. "Prévision du comportement plastique des matériaux hétérogènes à constituants métalliques : application aux composites à matrice métallique à fibres continues et aux plaques perforées." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10110.

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Ce travail de these porte sur la mise en uvre numerique de la methode d'homogeneisation periodique en calcul a la rupture ou analyse limite et son application a la prevision des proprietes de resistance macroscopiques de materiaux composites a fibres longues ou de plaques metalliques perforees. La methode numerique adoptee consiste a ramener la mise en uvre des approches statique par l'interieur et cinematique par l'exterieur a la resolution d'un probleme d'optimisation lineaire pose sur le volume elementaire representatif (v. E. R. ). Les programmes numeriques font appel a une utilisation originale de la methode des elements finis avec une discretisation discontinue des differents v. E. R. Etudies ainsi qu'a une technique nouvelle de linearisation des criteres de tresca et von mises. Une premiere validation de ces methodes est faite a partir de resultats theoriques et experimentaux obtenus par ailleurs, de meme qu'une campagne experimentale est menee sur des plaques minces perforees par des trous circulaires. Ces methodes donnent une evaluation tres precise de l'anisotropie de resistance de ce type de materiau. Dans la suite, une extension de ces methodes au cas de la deformation plane generalisee et au cas general tridimensionnel est proposee afin d'etudier le comportement plastique de composites a matrice metallique (c. M. M. ). Les maillages elements finis restant plans du fait du cas des fibres continues unidirectionnelles considere ici, l'objectif est de determiner le convexe de resistance de c. M. M. Unidirectionnels sous un chargement hors axes quelconque. Dans le cas d'une interface fibre/matrice a adherence maximale, les calculs mettent clairement en evidence l'anisotropie transverse de ce type de composite, y compris dans le cas d'un v. E. R. Hexagonal. Enfin l'etude se termine par une serie de calculs prenant en compte un critere de decohesion a l'interface fibre/matrice alors que la fibre et la matrice obeissent au critere de tresca tridimensionnel isotrope. Les parametres caracteristiques du critere a l'interface sont identifies a partir d'un essai de traction simple transversalement aux fibres
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Alshdiefat, A. S. "Developing an assessment model for the adoption of building information modelling to reduce the cost of change orders in the Jordanian construction industry." Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/46303/.

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The cost of change orders is a major challenge facing the Jordanian construction industry. Change orders can be defined as modifications to the contract documents through adding, modifying or deducting something in the original agreement. Change orders might be a change in the work, a change in the quality of the work or in the construction schedule, or other forms of change that affect the nature of the project. Many studies have examined the causes of change orders, and a variety of solutions have been proposed as a way of minimising their effects, yet the cost of change orders continues to increase. However, the potential of the use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) as a tool which to minimise the cost of change orders has not been explored. In addition, there is an existing knowledge gap, in terms of current understanding of BIM across Jordanian construction industry, and key factors derive it. The literature review indicates that there has been a significant failure to use BIM in construction projects and that there is thus a considerable difference between the uptake of BIM in developed countries and what is going in Jordan. The aim of the current research is therefore to develop a model for assessing the adoption of Building Information Modelling (BIM) by Jordanian construction organizations as a means of minimising the costs of change orders. To achieve this aim, a critical review of the literature on change orders and BIM was undertaken. This explored the causes of change orders and their impact, levels of awareness of BIM, the benefits of BIM, barriers to the adoption of BIM, and the effects of implementing BIM in terms of reducing the costs of change orders. The research took a positivist, realist, and value-free approach, and the researcher thus used mixed methods, combining semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire to collect the data required. In the first stage, 17 experts participated in semi-structured interviews as a means of investigating the major causes of change orders, as well as levels of awareness of BIM and its benefits, and of factors which both restricted and drove its use in Jordan. The outcomes of the interviews provided the basis for the design of the questionnaire, and this was distributed across the Jordanian construction industry, resulting in 155 responses received. The questionnaire answers were analysed descriptively and statistically by the Severity Index, factor analysis and correlation tests. The causes of change orders in the Jordanian construction industry were further categorised into three main groups, namely client-related causes,engineering causes and causes arising from the circumstances of the project. Changes initiated by clients and design errors were found to be the major causes of change orders which are responsible for cost overruns. It was also found that there are significant shortcomings in levels of awareness and knowledge of BIM both among individuals and across the construction sector. Moreover, it was found that there are several barriers to the adoption of BIM in the Jordanian construction industry. These barriers are clustered in four main groups: financial, human, communication and project procurement. The main barriers to the use of BIM are the costs of BIM software and the cost of training. The research concluded that there is a significant positive relationship between the use of BIM and reductions in the cost of change orders in the Jordanian construction industry. This means that the costs of change orders will decrease significantly if BIM is used, and supports a case for using BIM as a means of reducing the costs of change orders in the Jordanian construction industry. Finally, House of Quality and ISM (Interpretive Structural Modelling) were used to validate this approach. In the first step of validation, House of Quality was used to investigate the relationship between the causes of change orders and the functions and features of BIM, which validated the positive effects of using BIM in terms of reducing the costs of change orders by minimizing the main causes of change orders. In the second step, the ISM model was used to build the final model of the factors which obstruct the adoption of BIM in the Jordanian construction industry. This model categorized seven levels of barriers to the adoption of BIM, with those at level seven being the main barriers. This showed that the costs of BIM software and training are the main barriers to the adoption of BIM in the Jordanian construction industry.
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Hassan, H. M. "Effects of pollution on marine crustaceans in Qatari waters : a baseline survey and a case study on genotoxicity indicators in an endemic shrimp." Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/46307/.

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In this thesis the baseline and seasonal variations of the trace metals (TM) (Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), Vanadium (V) and Zinc (Zn). ethylmercury (CH3Hg), organotins (OT) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) concentrations were investigated within the tissue of three selected marine organisms together with sediment and water. The first round of sampling was carried out in September, November and December 2014. Samples were then collected in May and June 2015, and finally in July 2016. The species used for the research are all indigenous to Qatari waters and included Portunus pelagicus, the blue swimming crab, a commercially important edible species, Balanus Amphitrite, the striped barnacle, an invasive species that arrived in Qatar on the hulls of merchant ships, and now part of the local fauna. This species is often used as bio-indicator of coastal pollutants. The final selected species is the endemic caridean shrimp, Palaemon khori which inhabits the Avicenna marina mangrove forest at Al-Khor, Qatar. The order of the heavy metal concentrations for the three species was Zn > Cu > As > Fe > Mn > Pb > Cr > Cd > Co > Ni > V for P. pelagicus, Zn > Fe > Cu > As > Cd > Mn > Ni > Cr > V > Pb > Co for B. Amphitrite and Zn ˃ Cu > Fe ˃ Mn > Ni ˃ Pb > As > Cr > Cd > Co > V for P. khori. Methylmercury was measured in all of the three species averaging 1.25μg/kg throughout. The three organotin monobutyltin (MBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and tributyltin (TBT) were detected in all three species. TBT levels were observed at 0.58ngSng-1, 0.78ngSng-1 and 1.91ngSng-1 for P. segnis, B. Amphitrite and P. khori respectively. The results also revealed that concentrations of the contaminants within water samples were negligible, the majority being below detection limits. However, PCB congeners 2,2,3,5-Tetrachlorobiphenyl and 2,2,4,5,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl were detected in the tissue of P. pelagicus averaging 1.70 μg/kg for the former and 4.56 μg/kg for the latter. Results from the tissue of P. khori ranged from 1.5μg/kg - 2μg/kg and 4.28μg/kg – 5.21μg/kg respectively. Seasonal variation studies showed fluctuating degrees of variability among pollutants depending on the target species and the pollutant. The results showed an increase in some pollutant concentrations from the winter months through to the summer, while subsequently other pollutants revealed a decrease in concentrations. The direct effect of varying levels and combinations of pollutants (the maximum concentrations of trace metals, OT and MeHg found in the environment according to the literature, and a tenfold increase in those concentrations in an individual setting and in a combined setting) under laboratory controlled conditions on the endemic P. khori was assessed using classical (mortality) and genotoxicological (aneuploidy) endpoints, after 4 and 8 weeks of exposure. Our results showed that with regards to mortality on average the highest mortality was observed in shrimps exposed to TM at x10 of the maximum environmentally observed levels or TM in combination with other pollutants. The pollutant inducing the highest aneuploidy levels were trace metals and CH3Hg in combination with OT (both at x10 concentration). The data presented in this study represents the first ever estimated baseline for seasonal variations of contaminants, in both the marine environment and associated animal tissues from the coastal waters of Qatar. The data obtained from the genotoxic investigations are a fundamental part in establishing the first ever record for the karyotype of P. khori, while also providing a genotoxicological overview of the effect of these pollutants on the species at a genetic level.
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Kausar, M. "Distributed agile patterns : an approach to facilitate agile adoption in offshore software development." Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/46308/.

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Over a decade, companies have been using agile methods for the development of software. However with the increasing trends of offshore software development, companies are becoming more interested in using agile methods for such projects. While offshore development has several dynamic benefits such as cost reduction, flexibility, proximity to market, concentration on core processes and easy access to talent, they have introduced new challenges, such as trust, socio-cultural, communication and coordination, and knowledge transfer issues. These challenges not only affect the development process but also affect the applicability of agile practices in offshore development. As a consequence, companies have been modifying and adapting agile practices to overcome these challenges. However there has been little effort put to collect and document the common practices that have been used repeatedly to solve recurring problems in offshore development. Using the systematic literature review approach and applying customised search criteria based on the research questions, we identified and reviewed over 200 cases from literature. As part of this research we also conducted semi-structured interviews, in which we involved practicing professionals who were working with distributed teams. As a result, we identified and documented a number of solutions to address the common agile issues in software development, which we classified as distributed agile patterns. This research presents the challenges caused by offshore development, how they affect the applicability of agile practices in offshoring. We have then developed a catalogue containing the identified fifteen distributed agile patterns and have classified them into four categories. We have used a case study to explain how these patterns can be applied in offshore software development. To verify and validate our catalogue, we conducted a reflection workshop, in which we invited professionals to review and comment on the patterns. The participants engaged in reviewing the patterns and gave constructive feedback, which helped in improving the catalogue. Based on their feedback, the distributed agile patterns catalogue was finalised. The catalogue can help practitioners make a more informed decision while choosing agile for their offshore projects.
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Maclean, Kirsten. "ACT at work : feasibility study of an acceptance based intervention to promote mental health well-being and work engagement in mental health service staff." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4630/.

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Background: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) aids individuals to accept difficult experiences that may be beyond their control and commit to behaviour that is consistent with their values. Previous research highlights that ACT interventions can: improve mental health, reduce worker stress and engender effective learning and performance. Work engagement has been defined as having an energetic and effective connection to work activity. As yet, no studies have investigated whether ACT interventions lead to improvements in work engagement. Aim: To investigate the feasibility of using ACT at Work Training (ACTw) to improve mental well-being and foster work engagement in staff working in mental health services. Method: A prospective, non-randomised, cohort controlled, repeated measures design was utilised. The parameters of this feasibility trial were formulated around the PICO (population, intervention, control, outcome) framework. 25 staff were recruited to take part in ACTw. 20 staff were recruited separately to a control group. The control group did not receive any input. ACTw was implemented over three sessions. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, General Health Questionnaire, Michigan Job Satisfaction Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were administered as outcome measures, while the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - measuring psychological flexibility - and the Valuing Questionnaire - measuring value based living - were administered as therapy-specific measures. Following the completion of baseline assessments, measures were conducted 6 and 10 weeks post-baseline. Results: Despite initial recruitment problems, ACTw and control group participants were successfully recruited. Positive feedback from those who completed ACTw, suggested the intervention was acceptable. However, a third of ACTw participants missed training sessions, which was related to work and personal stress factors. The lack of significant differences between ACTw and control participants’ in scores on outcome and therapy-specific measures across the time points does not provide support for treatment signal changes in these measures. However, the lack of significant differences in outcome measures may be due to the low number of individuals presenting with high stress and low work engagement levels. For the group as a whole, changes in stress, anxiety, depression and work engagement were significantly correlated with changes in therapy-specific measures i.e. measures of psychological flexibility and value based living. Conclusions: Results of this study highlight factors that will help inform a larger trial of ACTw for health professional staff. Suggestions for future implementation include considering a larger sample and catchment area, staff stress level, potential barriers to participation and implementation of change at an organisation level.
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di, Capua Danilo <1981&gt. "Tra società informazionale e prosumerismo: il citizen journalism e la partecipazione on line." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4630/.

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I temi della ricerca riguardano il rapporto fra avvento del web e la modificazione dei processi di formazione di identità personale e sociale, della percezione dello spazio e del tempo, del prosumerismo digitale e delle varie forme di partecipazione ed associazione. Centrale è stata l’analisi del rapporto fra il Web 2.0 e la trasformazione delle forme di comunicazione a vari livelli, sia personali che sociali. Partendo da una analisi dei contesti socio-economici globali che hanno trasformato la società moderna nella società informazionale, è stato impostato un percorso di ricerca che approfondisse gli attuali criteri di strutturazione della propria identità, alla luce dell’avvento dei social network e delle reti virtuali di comunicazione come strumento preferenziale di socializzazione. La realtà delle reti sociali è stata analizzata in un’ottica di aggregazione spontanea mirata tanto alla comunicazione quanto alla tutela dei consumatori, e le trasformazioni portate dal Web 2.0 sono state la chiave di lettura per ridefinire i parametri della partecipazione dal basso generata dalla rete. Per comprendere la portata di tali trasformazioni nel contesto italiano è stato impostato un paragone tra l’uso del web negli Stati Uniti e in Italia, avendo le recente campagne elettorali dimostrato l’importanza del web nella partecipazione politica bottom-up; il percorso di ricerca ha dunque affrontato una comparazione di due casi, quello italiano e quello statunitense, finalizzato a comprendere l’attuale ruolo dell’utente nelle dinamiche di comunicazione mediatica. Per focalizzare al meglio le trasformazioni sociali generate dalla partecipazione on line è stato infine analizzato il caso del citizen journalism, per misurare, attraverso la metodologia dell’etnografia digitale, l’entità delle trasformazioni in corso. Il portale di giornalismo partecipativo YouReporter è stato il contesto privilegiato dove poter verificare le ipotesi iniziali circa le dinamiche di partecipazione, e il supporto di programmi di elaborazione statistica netnografica ha permesso di destrutturare al meglio tali dinamiche.
The subjects of the research concern the relationship between the growth of the web and the modification of the molding of personal and social identity, the perception of space and time, the digital prosumerism and the various patterns of participation and association. The project delves into the relationship between the Web 2.0 and the transformation of communication at various levels, both personal and social.The project focuses on the steps of the identity growth process, through the social network society, analyzing the social and economical contests that brought modern society to evolve into information society. Social networks have been studied as instruments for both socialization and consumerism, and as contest where to grow a new trend of popular participation. In order to clarify the subject and circumscribe the hypothesis of the research, the project structures a comparison between the use of the web in USA and Italy, with the purpose of understanding the current role of the web user in mass communication. In the research it was important to study the citizen journalism phenomenon in order to verify the hypotheses, through the methodology of digital ethnography, focusing on YouReporter website. Various programs of statistical elaboration supported the study of the “web galaxy”, analyzing the contest and destructuring the Web 2.0 reality.
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Kingslake, Jonathan. "Modelling ice-dammed lake drainage." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4630/.

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The drainage of ice-dammed lakes produces floods that can pose hazards, waste water resources and modulate ice flow. In this thesis I investigate several aspects of ice-dammed lake drainage through the development and analysis of mathematical models. After an introduction in the first chapter and a description of the mathematical background to the thesis in the second, the third chapter investigates the mechanisms behind observed variability in the size and timing of subglacial floods from ice-dammed lakes. In particular, I examine how environmental controls like the weather and the shape of glaciers affect floods. In the next chapter, I quantify how well simple models can predict the dates of floods from an ice-marginal lake in Kyrgyzstan. I find that incorporating environmental controls into models improves their prediction ability. Next I investigate the coupling between subglacial drainage and glacier motion during ice-dammed lake drainage by developing and analysing a model which couples a marginal lake, glacier sliding, subglacial drainage through a channel and subglacial drainage through a distributed system of cavities. I show how changes in lake level cause the rate at which a glacier slides to increase during the first half of floods and decrease during the second half. The next two chapters are concerned with two lake-drainage scenarios that involve water flowing as an open stream: firstly, the subglacial open-channel flow that occurs after a marginal lake drains completely during a flood, and secondly, the drainage of supraglacial lakes across the surface of ice sheets. I end the thesis with a summary of my findings and some suggestions of theoretical and field-based investigations that are worthwhile pursing in the future.
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Smith, Evan Mathew. "Fluid inclusions in fibrous and octahedrally-grown diamonds." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46301.

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My thesis puts forth new models for diamond formation that explain the difference between octahedral and fibrous diamond growth, as well as the difference between octahedral diamond growth in the lithospheric and the sublithospheric mantle. Diamond growth in the mantle involves reactions between carbon-bearing fluid and the host rocks it infiltrates. This fluid is sometimes included in diamond. Fluids in dendritically-grown, fibrous diamonds from Wawa, Superior craton, were analysed in a novel way, using transmission X-ray diffraction. The technique allows bulk analysis of daughter minerals within fluid inclusions. The mineralogy, major and trace elements, Sr isotopes, volatiles, and nitrogen characteristics of the hydrous saline???high-Mg carbonatitic fluid in these Archean diamonds strongly resemble those of Phanerozoic fibrous diamonds. This implies that some mantle processes, including the formation of fibrous diamonds, can be extended unvaryingly back to 2.7 Ga. Fluid equilibrated with octahedrally-grown diamonds from the Siberian, Kaapvaal, and Congo cratons is trapped in healed fractures in the diamonds. They contain anhydrous CO??????N??? fluid inclusions with 40??4 mol% N??? and inclusions of former silicate melt that had an original N??? content of ~0.1 wt%, as shown by Raman, electron microprobe, and microthermometry analyses. The liberation of N??? from the convecting mantle is proposed to be controlled by increasing oxygen fugacity that destabilizes host phases. The observed distinct fluid compositions between hydrous fluids in fibrous and anhydrous fluids in octahedrally-grown diamond entail distinct processes of diamond formation that, ultimately, govern the growth habit. Water may trigger fibrous growth by inhibiting the expansion of {111} layers and lowering the interfacial energy between the diamond and fluid. Certain features in diamond fluids, such as Eu anomalies and potential carbonate???CO??? isotopic fractionation, show that several mantle processes can produce geochemical signatures that may be mistaken as input from subducted materials. The finding of N??? in diamond-forming fluids leads to an explanation for the characteristically low N content of sublithospheric diamonds. I propose this compositional trait is due to growth in a metal-saturated environment. Metallic Fe in the mantle below ~250 km should trap N and may be the largest mantle N reservoir.
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Bluemel, Britt. "Biogeochemical expressions of buried REE mineralization at the Norra K??rr Alkaline Complex, southern Sweden." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46300.

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Biogeochemical exploration is an effective but underutilized method for delineating covered mineralization. Plants are capable of accumulating rare earth elements (REEs) in their tissue, and ferns (pteridophytes) are especially adept because they are one of the most primitive land plants, therefore lack the barrier mechanisms developed by more evolved plants. The Norra K??rr Alkaline Complex, located in southern Sweden approximately 300km southwest of Stockholm, is a peralkaline nepheline syenite enriched in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs). The deposit, roughly 300m wide, 1300m long, and overlain by up to 4 m of Quaternary sediments, has been well-defined by diamond drilling. The inferred REE mineral resource, over 60 million tonnes averaging 0.54% Total Rare Earth Oxide (TREO), is dominantly hosted within the pegmatitic ???grennaite??? unit, a eudialyte-catapleiite-aegerine nepheline syenite. Vegetation and soil samples were collected from the surficial environment above Norra K??rr to address four key questions: which plant species is the most effective biogeochemical exploration medium; what are the annual and seasonal REE variations in that plant; how do the REEs move through the soil profile; and into which part of the plant are they concentrated. Athyrium filix-femina (lady fern) has the highest concentration of LREEs and HREEs (up to 125.17ppm Ce and 1.03ppm Dy) in its dry leaves; however, there is better contrast between background and anomalous areas in Dryopteris filix-mas (wood fern), which makes it the preferred biogeochemical sampling medium. The REE content in all fern species was shown to decrease from root > frond > stem, and chondrite normalized REE patterns within the plant displayed preferential fractionation of the LREEs in the fronds relative to the roots. Samples collected from an area directly overlying the deposit had up to five times greater HREE content (0.74ppm Dy) in August than the same plants did in June (0.14ppm Dy). The elevated REE content and distinct contrast to background demonstrate that biogeochemical sampling is an effective method for REE exploration in this environment.
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Books on the topic "4630j"

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Shiberia ni yukishi 46300-mei o kizamu: Soren yokuryū shibōsha meibo o tsukuru. Tōkyō: Nanatsumori Shokan, 2009.

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Cummins, Jim, and Chris Davison, eds. International Handbook of English Language Teaching. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-46301-8.

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Galinina, Olga, Sergey Balandin, and Yevgeni Koucheryavy, eds. Internet of Things, Smart Spaces, and Next Generation Networks and Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46301-8.

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Curran, David. More than Fighting for Peace? Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46305-6.

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Calders, Toon, Michelangelo Ceci, and Donato Malerba, eds. Discovery Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46307-0.

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Dal Moro, Giancarlo. Efficient Joint Analysis of Surface Waves and Introduction to Vibration Analysis: Beyond the Clichés. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46303-8.

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Mondaini, Rubem P., ed. Trends in Biomathematics: Modeling Cells, Flows, Epidemics, and the Environment. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46306-9.

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Shneor, Rotem, Liang Zhao, and Bjørn-Tore Flåten, eds. Advances in Crowdfunding. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46309-0.

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Lou, Vivian W. Q. Spiritual Well-Being of Chinese Older Adults. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46303-1.

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Duggirala, Ravindranath, Laura Almasy, Sarah Williams-Blangero, Solomon F. D. Paul, and Chittaranjan Kole, eds. Genome Mapping and Genomics in Human and Non-Human Primates. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46306-2.

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Book chapters on the topic "4630j"

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Lou, Vivian W. Q. "Spiritual Well-Being: An Introduction." In Spiritual Well-Being of Chinese Older Adults, 1–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46303-1_1.

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Lou, Vivian W. Q. "Conceptualizing Spiritual well-Being: A Qualitative Inquiry." In Spiritual Well-Being of Chinese Older Adults, 13–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46303-1_2.

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Lou, Vivian W. Q. "Dimensions of Spiritual well-Being: A Delphi Study." In Spiritual Well-Being of Chinese Older Adults, 27–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46303-1_3.

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Lou, Vivian W. Q. "Validation of the Spirituality Scale for Chinese Elders (SSCE)." In Spiritual Well-Being of Chinese Older Adults, 37–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46303-1_4.

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Lou, Vivian W. Q. "The Development of the Spiritual Enhancement Group for Chinese Elders (SEGCE)." In Spiritual Well-Being of Chinese Older Adults, 61–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46303-1_5.

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Lou, Vivian W. Q. "The Effectiveness of the Spiritual Enhancement Group for Chinese Elders (SEGCE): An Outcome and Process Evaluation." In Spiritual Well-Being of Chinese Older Adults, 77–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46303-1_6.

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Lou, Vivian W. Q. "Conclusion." In Spiritual Well-Being of Chinese Older Adults, 89–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46303-1_7.

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Williams-Blangero, Sarah, and John Blangero. "The Utility of Genomics for Studying Primate Biology." In Genome Mapping and Genomics in Human and Non-Human Primates, 1–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46306-2_1.

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Mitchell, Braxton D., Alejandro A. Schäffer, Toni I. Pollin, Elizabeth A. Streeten, Richard B. Horenstein, Nanette I. Steinle, Laura Yerges-Armstrong, Alan R. Shuldiner, and Jeffrey R. O’Connell. "Mapping Genes in Isolated Populations: Lessons from the Old Order Amish." In Genome Mapping and Genomics in Human and Non-Human Primates, 141–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46306-2_10.

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MacCluer, Jean W., John Blangero, Anthony G. Comuzzie, Sven O. E. Ebbesson, Barbara V. Howard, and Shelley A. Cole. "Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease in Minority Populations." In Genome Mapping and Genomics in Human and Non-Human Primates, 155–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46306-2_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "4630j"

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Kuether, R. J., L. Renson, T. Detroux, C. Grappasonni, G. Kerschen, and M. S. Allen. "Prediction of Isolated Resonance Curves Using Nonlinear Normal Modes." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46301.

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Isolated resonance curves are separate from the main nonlinear forced-response branch, so they can easily be missed by a continuation algorithm and the resonant response might be underpredicted. The present work explores the connection between these isolated resonances and the nonlinear normal modes of the system and adapts an energy balance criterion to connect the two. This approach provides new insights into the occurrence of isolated resonances as well as a method to find an initial guess to compute the isolated resonance curve using numerical continuation. The concepts are illustrated on a finite element model of a cantilever beam with a nonlinear spring at its tip. This system presents jumps in both frequency and amplitude in its response to a swept sinusoidal excitation. The jumps are found to be the result of a modal interaction that creates an isolated resonance curve that eventually merges with the main resonance branch as the excitation force increases. Excellent insight into the observed dynamics is provided with the NNM theory, which supports that NNMs can also be a useful tool for predicting isolated resonance curves and other behaviors in the damped, forced response.
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Wang, Cheng, and Zhao Yao Shi. "Accurate Model for the Minimum Volume Design of Single Stage Spur Gear Train." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46302.

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At present, the existing problems in gear volume optimization include: (1) the clearance volume caused by the bottom clearance and addendum modification is not considered in the volume models which causes the error of volume calculation. (2) Gears employ fixed structure and their structural changes caused by the dimension changes are not considered in the process of optimization. In view of the above mentioned problems, the paper firstly deduces the formula of clearance volume. An example is provided to verify that the clearance volume should be considered in the accurate calculation of gear volume. Secondly, volume formulas of different structure of spur gear including solid structure, web-type structure, spoke type structure with cross shape section and with H-shape section are deduced. The design variables, objective function and constrains are briefly introduced. Finally, a single stage spur gear train is as an example, the optimization is carried out. The result shows when the transmission ratio is changed from 3.2 to 2, the structure of gear changes from the web-type to the solid. It means gear with fixed structure is not reasonable in the process of optimization.
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Zhou, Jianhua, Mian Li, and Min Xu. "A New Sequential Multi-Disciplinary Optimization Method for Bi-Level Decomposed Systems." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46307.

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Multi-discipline optimization (MDO) has been proposed to handle complex optimization problems with multiple disciplines or subsystems. These problems are with global and coupling variables that are shared by more than one subsystem, which is one of the major challenges for these problems. Diverse methods that can be classified as of single- and multi-levels have been developed aiming to solve those problems. Most of these methods do not give optimization autonomies to each subsystem concerning these shared variables. This study proposed that for decomposed bi-level MDO problems, each subsystem is given full optimization autonomy in the initial stage to decide possible best solutions individually. Then all the obtained solutions are given to the system that will process the information and dispatch shared variables to each subsystem. Based on these dispatched variables, subsystems will sequentially perform the corresponding optimization with respect to their local (and global) variables with additional consistency constraints. There is no nested optimization between the system and subsystems. Six numerical and engineering examples are tested and comparisons with other methods are made to demonstrate the efficiency and applicability of the proposed approach.
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Krakover, Naftaly, Bojan R. Ilic, and Slava Krylov. "Toward MEMS Displacement Sensor Based on Resonant Frequency Monitoring of Slightly Curved Beams." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46308.

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In this work we report on operational principle, design and characterization of a generic electrostatically actuated micro displacement/acceleration sensor based on frequency monitoring of an initially curved double-clamped microbeam actuated by a close gap electrode. The displacement of the electrode attached to a proof mass results in varying electrostatic force and changing effective stiffness and frequency of the beam. The sensitivity is improved by choosing the working configurations in the vicinity of the critical snap-through buckling points of the beam. Reduced order model of the device was built by means of Gelerkin decomposition and was used for the feasibility study, evaluation of the design parameters and comparison with the experimental data. Devices of several configurations, which included initially straight as well as curved beams were fabricated from single crystal silicon and operated in open air environment. The responses were registered optically by laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV). Consistently with the model prediction, significant reduction in the frequency in the vicinity of the critical point followed by an increase of the frequency in the post-buckling configurations was observed in the experiments. Our theoretical and experimental results collectively demonstrate the feasibility of the suggested approach.
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Paolanti, Marina, Emanuele Frontoni, Adriano Mancini, Roberto Pierdicca, and Primo Zingaretti. "Automatic Classification for Anti Mixup Events in Advanced Manufacturing System." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46303.

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The mix-up is a phenomenon in which a tablet/capsule gets into a different package. It is an annoying problem because mixing different products in the same package could result dangerous for consumers that take the incorrect product or receive an unintended ingredient. So, the consequences could be very dangerous: overdose, interaction with other medications a consumer may be taking, or an allergic reaction. The manufacturers are not able to guarantee the contents of the packages and so for this reason they are very exposed to the risk in which users rightly want to obtain compensation for possible damages caused by the mix-up. The aim of this work is the identification of mix-up events, through machine learning approach based on data, coming from different embedded systems installed in the manufacturing facilities and from the information system, in order to implement integrated policies for data analysis and sensor fusion that leads to waste and detection of pieces that do not comply. In this field, two types of approaches from the point of view of embedded sensors (optical and NIR vision and interferometry) will be analyzed focusing in particular on data processing and their classification on advanced manufacturing scenarios. Results are presented considering a simulated scenario that uses pre-recorded real data to test, in a preliminary stage, the effectiveness and the novelty of the proposed approach.
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Cenci, Annalisa, Daniele Liciotti, Emanuele Frontoni, Adriano Mancini, and Primo Zingaretti. "Non-Contact Monitoring of Preterm Infants Using RGB-D Camera." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46309.

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In this study, we present a medical imaging method to estimate the preterm infant respiratory rate with a non invasive embedded RGB-D sensor. The respiratory rate is derived by measuring morphological chest wall movements with a depth sensor. The performances of our method are evaluated by comparing the values of respiratory rate measurements obtained using our method with those resulting from a standard reference device, used as a benchmark. Experimental results showed that the proposed method can correctly measure the respiratory rate in preterm infants and activates an alarm signal when respiratory rate values go out of the physiological range or when the infant remains stationary for a long time. As future development, the project can be used as multi-purpose non invasive test on movements and their symmetry or on the infants’ ability to correctly inflate.
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Kato, Dai, Mai Yamagami, Naoki Tsuchiya, and Hidekazu Kodama. "The Influence of Shrouded Stator Cavity Flows on the Aerodynamic Performance of a High-Speed Multistage Axial-Flow Compressor." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-46300.

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This paper investigates numerically the effects of shrouded stator seal cavity flows on a high-speed, six-stage, advanced axial-flow compressor performance. Two cases of fully three-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations are performed. The first case includes only the main flow path without cavities, while the second case takes into account the effect of cavities by fully meshing and solving the seal cavity flows under each of the stator vanes. Both simulations included rotor blade tip clearances. The latter case showed 1.7 point degradation in efficiency from the first case. Contributors to the overall performance degradation, such as windage heating, mixing loss due to seal leakage flow with the main flow, and additional loss of the rotors and stators due to alteration in velocity triangles, are identified by comparing the two simulation results. Compared to theoretical or semi-empirical leakage and windage models, higher loss production and temperature rise are found especially in mid to rear stages. Unsteady effects for such differences are discussed.
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Chrigui, M., A. Sadiki, J. Gounder, and A. Masri. "Numerical and Experimental Study of Polydispersed Acetone Spray Dispersion and Evaporation in Turbulent Flow." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-46301.

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Characteristics of acetone spray in a turbulent flow were numerically predicted and compared to experimental measurements. The focus was on the effect of polydispersity on the dispersion and evaporation of a relatively volatile fuel that featured a wide range of Stokes numbers in a turbulent two phase flow. Droplets were generated using an ultrasonic atomizer. It produced a relatively uniform velocity distribution with a moderate carrier to fuel velocities ratio. The simulations were performed in the framework of Reynolds Averaging Navier Stokes equations along with the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach where 12 different classes of the dispersed phase were tracked. Droplets differed in diameter, mean and rms velocities, and numbers density. The transport equations of the carrier phase were formulated in an Eulerian reference frame that included terms which accounted for the exchange of mass, momentum, energy and turbulence quantities with the spray, i.e. fully two way coupling. The phase transition was modeled by the Langmuir-Knudsen law that accounted for non equilibrium effects based on a consistent determination of the molar mass fraction on the droplet surfaces. Effects of turbulence modulation on the vaporization processes were resolved by a thermodynamically consistent model that determined the turbulence intensity at the droplet location, which affected the vapor concentration gradient near the droplet surfaces. For the droplet diffusion, the Markov sequence model was improved by adding a correction drift term to the fluid fluctuation velocity at the parcel position along the droplet trajectory. This correction term aimed at accounting for the non-homogeneity effects in the turbulent flow. The different sub-models for the prediction of multiphase flow characteristics were applied to a 3D configuration that consisted of a spray nozzle mounted in a 4 m/s coflowing air stream. A number of carrier phase jet velocities were used, thus denoting a variation of the fuel to air mass loading. Radial profiles of the axial and radial velocities and its corresponding rms fluctuations of the acetone spray were predicted and compared to the experimental measurements. Spray mass flux, which determined the degree of evaporation, was plotted at different axial location from the nozzle exit plane. The study aimed at assessing the combination of different models applied to a mono-component spray for the prediction of two-phase flow and at investigating what should be improved for the case of real fuel (eg. Kerosene) for industrial configurations.
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Perez-Blanco, H. "Optimization of Wind Energy Capture Using BET." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-46302.

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The Blade Element Theory (BET) has been used to predict performance of wind turbines, and to optimize energy extraction from the wind. A literature search shows that the number of parameters that can be varied to attempt optimization within BET varies for different authors. However, a repeated assumption is that the BE should be operating at the incidence angle resulting in maximum lift to drag ratio. In the present work, the incidence angle is one of the parameters varied for optimization, along with five others: the two induction factors, the chord, and the flow and setting angles. The optimization satisfies five equality constraints and three inequality constraints. The optimizer uses Levenberg-Marquardt, Conjugate Gradient or Quasi-Newton methods to maximize the power extracted. The equations adopted employ the Prandtl tip loss and require specification of the airfoil for the section, the radius of the turbine, the wind speed and the radial distribution of solidity. Up to twenty five elements can be specified for each turbine. The influence of airfoils on power coefficients is shown, and deviations from the expected maximum lift to drag positions noted. Comparisons to the performance of small wind turbines from the commercial and open literature are attempted. Whereas such comparisons are difficult in that airfoils and solidities are not often specified, they yield a baseline for establishing the validity of the optimization procedure.
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Andreini, A., C. Bianchini, B. Facchini, F. Simonetti, and A. Peschiulli. "Assessment of Numerical Tools for the Evaluation of the Acoustic Impedance of Multi-Perforated Plates." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-46303.

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Multi-perforated liners, commonly employed in Gas Turbine combustors as cooling devices to control metal temperature, are recognized as very effective sound absorbers. Thus, in the innovative lean combustion technology, where the onset of thermoacoustic instabilities represents one of the most important issue, the multi-perforated plates can be exploited both for wall cooling and damping combustion instabilities. As a first step of a large experimental and numerical research program regarding multi-perforated liners, an investigation of different numerical methodologies to analyze acoustic damping is here reported. In particular three different numerical techniques to evaluate planar waves sound absorption of perforated plates are presented and validated with literature test cases. A quasi 1-D code, implementing the wall compliance concept, provides results for a large set of geometric and fluidynamic conditions. A large test matrix was investigated varying perforation hole angle and diameter with different overall porosities. The effect of bias and grazing flows Mach number was tested as well. A subset of considered geometries were then supported by a full reconstruction of the unsteady pressure field by means of a Large Eddy Simulation computed with an open-source code. Non-reflective boundaries with forcing term provide the wave to acoustically excite the perforated plate. Multi-microphone postprocessing technique allowed the reconstruction of a progressive and regressive planar wave to compute the reflection coefficient. All results were cross-checked with a Finite Element Model, able to solve the wave equation in the frequency domain with a background velocity field.
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