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Journal articles on the topic '5G heterogeneous network'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 22 February 2023

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Chen, Yongtao, Hao Wang, Liuyang Shi, et al. "Research on 5G Heterogeneous Network Switching Mechanism and Self-optimizing Network Switching Algorithm." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2795, no. 1 (2024): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2795/1/012011.

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Abstract Heterogeneous network, as one of the key features of 5G network, can provide higher network capacity, lower latency and better user experience by effectively integrating different types of network resources. Therefore, how to achieve seamless switching between heterogeneous networks becomes an urgent problem to be solved. This paper will conduct an in-depth analysis of 5G heterogeneous network switching mechanism, propose a self-optimizing network switching algorithm as an improvement scheme, and verify its effectiveness through simulation experiments in order to promote the developme

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Kiran, Kotaru, and D. Rajeswara Rao. "Analytical Review and Study on Various Vertical Handover Management Technologies in 5G Heterogeneous Network." Infocommunications journal 14, no. 2 (2022): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36244/icj.2022.2.3.

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In recent mobile networks, due to the huge number of subscribers, the traffic may occur rapidly; therefore, it is complex to guarantee the accurate operation of the network. On the other hand, the Fifth generation (5G) network plays a vital role in the handover mechanism. Handover management is a prominent issue in 5G heterogeneous networks. Therefore, the Handover approach relocates the connection between the user equipment and the consequent terminal from one network to another. Furthermore, the handover approaches manage each active connection for the user equipment. This survey offers an e

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Goh, Mark Irwin, Hoe Tung Yew, Diong Boh Wen, Aroland M. J. Kiring, and Chung Seng Kheau. "Vertical Handover Decision Making Algorithms for 5G Heterogeneous Networks: A Review." International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 12, no. 1 (2022): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae0122_19.

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The wireless networks have been rapidly used in our daily lives, especially mobile wireless networks. An environment consisting of several networks such as WLAN, 4G-LTE, and 5G, is known as a heterogeneous network. Wireless networks are widely used to support various data services such as live video streaming, upload data, download data and cloud service depending upon their capacity and nature. When the mobile terminal is moving, the network availability will be changed. Therefore, the mobile terminal must perform handover from one network to another network in heterogeneous networks to maint

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Hani, Attar1 *. Haitham Issa2 Ismail A. Elhaty3 Khalid Yahya4 Ahmed A. A. Solyman5 Ramy Said Agieb6. "5G Key Enabler Technologies and Future Trends." JOURNAL OF HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 54, no. 7 (2022): 240–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7924425.

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The fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks are cutting-edge wireless technologies transforming all wireless systems. Increased network capacity, boosted data rates, and minimized end-to-end latency are the primary goals of 5G. As a result, 5G can enable many linked devices and realize the Internet of Things (IoT) concept. While 5G has many benefits for mobile wireless networks, specific issues still need to be addressed. This article thoroughly overviews 5G technology, including 5G wireless network enabling solutions. The main technological developments that will usher in a new era for wirele

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Sachan, Vibhav Kr, Abhinav Trivedi, Yashi Srivastava, and Shubham Shukla. "5G Wireless Technology: Spectrum Sharing and Heterogeneous Networks." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 5 (2024): 4905–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.62696.

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Abstract: This paper addresses the critical challenge of 5G network cell planning, emphasizing the essential role of estimating the number of cells or base stations required for a given area and user bandwidth. The proposed model explores four scenarios with varying network parameters to determine the optimal base station deployment. The increasing demand for 5G networks necessitates a focus on small cells or femtocells, offering advantages such as consistent coverage, power adjustment, energy efficiency, and higher data rates. However, deploying excessive femtocells may lead to unnecessary ha

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Goh, Mark Irwin, Abbas Ibrahim Mbulwa, Hoe Tung Yew, et al. "Handover Decision-Making Algorithm for 5G Heterogeneous Networks." Electronics 12, no. 11 (2023): 2384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12112384.

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The evolution of 5G small cell networks has led to the advancement of vertical handover decision-making algorithms. A mobile terminal (MT) tends to move from one place to another and, as the 5G network coverage is small, user network access will change frequently and lead to a high probability of unnecessary handover, which is a waste of network resources and causes degradation of service quality. This paper aims to reduce the number of unnecessary handovers in 5G heterogeneous networks by proposing a handover decision-making algorithm that integrates the dwelling time prediction technique and

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Lorincz, Josip, and Zvonimir Klarin. "A Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact of an Increase in User Devices on the Long-Term Energy Efficiency of 5G Networks." Smart Cities 7, no. 6 (2024): 3616–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/smartcities7060140.

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The global deployment of fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks, especially in urban cities, is dedicated to accommodating the demand for high data rates and reliable wireless communications. While the latest 5G networks improve service quality, the support for a simultaneous serving of more user devices (UDs) with higher data rates than previous mobile network generations will require a massive installation of different 5G base station (BS) types dominantly in urban cities. Besides contributing to the smart city service improvements, this massive installation of heterogeneous 5G BSs will also

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Anwar Apandi, Nur Ilyana, and Nor Aishah Muhammad. "Energy saving performance analysis for future fifth generation millimetre-wave cellular networks." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 13, no. 4 (2024): 2427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v13i4.5973.

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The deployment of fifth generation (5G) millimetre-wave (mmWave) base stations (BSs) will consume more energy over time due to the limited time available, despite the increasing interest in developing 5G mmWave wireless communication technology. Constructing 5G mmWave cellular network infrastructure can improve energy efficiency, which is a challenge to implement in heterogeneous networks. This paper presents analytical frameworks for monitoring the effectiveness of 5G mmWave cellular networks. Based on the state management of BS, a system model for 2-tier heterogeneous networks is developed,

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Shabbir, A., H. R. Khan, S. A. Ali, and S. Rizvi. "Design and Performance Analysis of Multi-tier Heterogeneous Network through Coverage, Throughput and Energy Efficiency." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 6 (2017): 2345–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1126307.

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The unprecedented acceleration in wireless industry strongly compels wireless operators to increase their data network throughput, capacity and coverage on emergent basis. In upcoming 5G heterogeneous networks inclusion of low power nodes (LPNs) like pico cells and femto cells for increasing network’s throughput, capacity and coverage are getting momentum. Addition of LPNs in such a massive level will eventually make a network populated in terms of base stations (BSs).The dense deployments of BSs will leads towards high operating expenditures (Op-Ex), capital expenditure (Cap-Ex) and mos

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Zeng, Jun, Hao Wang, and Wei Luo. "Self-Optimizing Traffic Steering for 5G mmWave Heterogeneous Networks." Sensors 22, no. 19 (2022): 7112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197112.

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Driven by growing mobile traffic, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications have recently been developed to enhance wireless network capacity. Due to insufficient coverage and the lack of support for mobility, mmWave is often deployed in the ultra-dense small cells of the 5G heterogeneous network. In this article, we first summarize the characteristics of the 5G heterogeneous network from the viewpoints of devices, spectra, and networks. We then propose a triple-band network structure which incorporates licensed bands, sub-6GHz unlicensed bands, and mmWave bands to support various types of mobil

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Iqbal, Muhammad Usman, Ejaz Ahmad Ansari, Saleem Akhtar, Muhammad Nadeem Rafiq, Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam, and Beenish Hassan. "Hybrid Learning based Radio Resource Management in 5G Heterogeneous Networks." Pakistan Journal of Engineering and Technology 6, no. 1 (2023): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.51846/vol6iss1pp92-97.

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Ultradensification using different types of small cells (SCs) is one of the key enabling solutions to meet the multiple stringent requirements of 5G cellular networks. However, radio resource management (RRM) in ultra-dense heterogeneous networks (HetNets) is not easy due to interferences in multi-tiered architecture and dynamic network conditions. Interferences in 5G HetNets can be efficiently managed only through the techniques which are adaptive and self-organizing to handle dynamic conditions in 5G HetNets. In this article, a machine learning (ML) based self-adaptive resource allocation sc

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Alquhayz, Hani, Nasser Alalwan, Ahmed Ibrahim Alzahrani, Ali H. Al-Bayatti, and Mhd Saeed Sharif. "Policy-Based Security Management System for 5G Heterogeneous Networks." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (November 14, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4582391.

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Advances in mobile phone technology and the growth of associated networks have been phenomenal over the last decade. Therefore, they have been the focus of much academic research, driven by commercial and end-user demands for increasingly faster technology. The most recent generation of mobile network technology is the fifth generation (5G). 5G networks are expected to launch across the world by 2020 and to work with existing 3G and 4G technologies to provide extreme speed despite being limited to wireless technologies. An alternative network, Y-Communication (Y-Comm), proposes to integrate th

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Wu, Xiaoxin, Chenwei Feng, and Zhenzhe Zhong. "Multi-service access selection algorithm in 5G heterogeneous network." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2615, no. 1 (2023): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2615/1/012003.

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Abstract As advancements occur in new wireless communication technology, varieties of network forms coexist and integrate, gradually forming a heterogeneous wireless network environment covered by various wireless networks simultaneously. Owing to disparities in wireless access technologies, network selection needs to consider various factors. Therefore, this paper proposes an access selection scheme using Multi-Attribute Decision-Making (MADM). Considering the diversity of user services, each attribute’s subjective and objective weight is respectively calculated by Analytic Hierarchy Process

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Mustafa, Ahmed Shamil, Mohammad Abdulrahman Al-Mashhadani, Salah Ayad Jasim, Ahmed Muhi Shantaf, and Mustafa Maad Hamdi. "Blockchain in fifth-generation network and beyond: a survey." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 3 (2022): 1399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i3.3209.

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Fifth-generation (5G) technologies enable a wide range of vertical applications by connecting heterogeneous equipment and machines, resulting in significantly improved service quality, increased network capacity, and improved system performance. As a result, the world is shifting to 5G wireless networks. Because 5G has the advantage of supporting various vertical applications, 5G systems must still overcome challenges such as transparency, data interoperability probabilities, decentralization, and network privacy. In this paper, we'll show how blockchain can be used to solve problems in 5G, as

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Suganthi, Nagarajan, Enthrakandi Narasimhan Ganesh, Elangovan Guruva Reddy, et al. "Enhancing 5G network performance through effective resource management with network slicing." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 4 (2024): 4721. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i4.pp4721-4731.

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The immense growth of mobile networks leads to versatile applications and new demands. The improved concert, transferability, flexibility, and performance of innovative network services are applied in diversified fields. More unique networking concepts are incorporated into state-of-the-art mobile technologies to expand these dynamic features further. This paper presents a novel system architecture of slicing and pairing networks with intra-layer and inter-layer functionalities in 5th generation (5G) mobile networks. The radio access network layer slices and the core network layer slices are p

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Ahmed, Shamil Mustafa, Abdulrahman Al-Mashhadani Mohammad, Ayad Jasim Salah, Muhi Shantaf Ahmed, and Maad Hamdi Mustafa. "Blockchain in fifth-generation network and beyond: a survey." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 3 (2022): 1399~1408. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i3.3209.

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Fifth-generation (5G) technologies enable a wide range of vertical applications by connecting heterogeneous equipment and machines, resulting in significantly improved service quality, increased network capacity, and improved system performance. As a result, the world is shifting to 5G wireless networks. Because 5G has the advantage of supporting various vertical applications, 5G systems must still overcome challenges such as transparency, data interoperability probabilities, decentralization, and network privacy. In this paper, we'll show how blockchain can be used to solve problems in 5G

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Torkaman, Pouya, Govind Sharan Yadav, Po-Chuan Wang, et al. "A 5G/Sub-Terahertz Heterogeneous Communication Network." IEEE Access 10 (2022): 65572–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3184312.

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M. Kanona, Rusul, Zainab N. Al-Qudsy, and Shaymaa Azzam Alyawer. "Forward error correction in 5G heterogeneous network." Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN) 10, no. 2 (2022): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21533/pen.v10i2.2804.

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Rafiq, Muhammad Adnan. "Handover Optimization Scheme for 5G Heterogeneous Network." International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science 11, no. 2 (2025): 038–56. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.112.5.

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The worldwide boom in the use of wireless services has led to previously unheard-of levels of expansion for mobile connections and apps. Data traffic has increased dramatically as a result of this rise in activity, which has led to a research into solutions to meet this need. mm wave bands and very dense deployment are two of main features of fifth-generation (5G) networks. These solutions have resulted in a noticeable increase in the frequency of handovers (HOs), which has raised the incidence of dropped calls and unnecessary handovers. In order to address these problems during user mobility,

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Kanona, Rusul M., Zainab N. Al-Qudsy, and Shaymaa Azzam Alyawer. "Forward error correction in 5G heterogeneous network." Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN) 10, no. 2 (2022): 90–100. https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v10.i2.583.

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In this research, the feasibility of developing a complete polar FEC chain of 5th generation cellular mobile communication standard in software. Specifically, on general purpose processors. Paperwork attempts to achieve stringent latency requirements through software, algorithmic and platform specific optimizations. Many algorithms in FEC chain are optimized for hardware implementations. Direct implementation of these algorithms in software results in poor performance. To obtain best performance in terms of latency on general purpose processors, these algorithms are modified or reformulated to

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21

Suganthi, Nagarajan, Ganesh Enthrakandi Narasimhan, Reddy Elangovan Guruva, et al. "Enhancing 5G network performance through effective resource management with network slicing." Enhancing 5G network performance through effective resource management with network slicing 14, no. 4 (2024): 4721–31. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i4.pp4721-4731.

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The immense growth of mobile networks leads to versatile applications and new demands. The improved concert, transferability, flexibility, and performance of innovative network services are applied in diversified fields. More unique networking concepts are incorporated into state-of-the-art mobile technologies to expand these dynamic features further. This paper presents a novel system architecture of slicing and pairing networks with intra-layer and inter-layer functionalities in 5th generation (5G) mobile networks. The radio access network layer slices and

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22

Othman, Nurzati Iwani, Ahmad Fadzil Ismail, Khairayu Badron, Wahidah Hashim, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan, and Sofia Pinardi. "An Enhanced Dynamic Spectrum Allocation Method on Throughput Maximization in Urban 5G FBMC Heterogeneous Network." Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences 55, no. 1 (2023): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2023.55.1.5.

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Reports have shown that the demand for data managed by wireless systems is expected to grow by more than 500 exabytes by 2025 and beyond. 5G networks are predicted to meet these demands, provided that the spectrum resources are well managed. In this paper, an enhanced dynamic spectrum allocation (E-DSA) method is proposed, which incorporates a cooperative type of game theory called the Nash bargaining solution (NBS). It was assumed that there is one primary user (PU) and two secondary users (SU) in the network and their spectrum allocation was analyzed by testing the validity of the algorithm

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Shabbir, A., H. R. Khan, S. A. Ali, and S. Rizvi. "Design and Performance Analysis of Multi-tier Heterogeneous Network through Coverage, Throughput and Energy Efficiency." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 7, no. 6 (2017): 2345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.1256.

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The unprecedented acceleration in wireless industry strongly compels wireless operators to increase their data network throughput, capacity and coverage on emergent basis. In upcoming 5G heterogeneous networks inclusion of low power nodes (LPNs) like pico cells and femto cells for increasing network’s throughput, capacity and coverage are getting momentum. Addition of LPNs in such a massive level will eventually make a network populated in terms of base stations (BSs).The dense deployments of BSs will leads towards high operating expenditures (Op-Ex), capital expenditure (Cap-Ex) and most impo

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Nencioni, Gianfranco, Rosario G. Garroppo, Andres J. Gonzalez, Bjarne E. Helvik, and Gregorio Procissi. "Orchestration and Control in Software-Defined 5G Networks: Research Challenges." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (August 13, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6923867.

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The fifth generation (5G) of cellular networks promises to be a major step in the evolution of wireless technology. 5G is planned to be used in a very broad set of application scenarios. These scenarios have strict heterogeneous requirements that will be accomplished by enhancements on the radio access network and a collection of innovative wireless technologies. Softwarization technologies, such as Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV), will play a key role in integrating these different technologies. Network slicing emerges as a cost-efficient solution f

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Zhao, Wei, and Wen-Hsing Kuo. "Utility-Based Wireless Routing Algorithm for Massive MIMO Heterogeneous Networks." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (2020): 7261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207261.

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With the development of 5G communication, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology is getting more and more attention. Massive MIMO uses a large amount of simultaneous transmitting and receiving antennas to reduce power consumption and raise the level of transmission quality. Meanwhile, the diversification of user equipment (UE) in the 5G environment also makes heterogeneous networks (HetNets) more prevalent. HetNets allow UE of different network standards to access small cells, while the base stations of small cells access a macro base station (BS) to form a multihop wireless

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Ding, Fei, Zitong Ma, Zhiliang Li, Ruoyu Su, Dengyin Zhang, and Hongbo Zhu. "A Terminal-Oriented Distributed Traffic Flow Splitting Strategy for Multi-Service of V2X Networks." Electronics 8, no. 6 (2019): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8060644.

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With the development and the characteristics of terminal services of the 5G (5th-Generation network) Internet of Vehicles (IoVs), this paper proposes a distributed splitting strategy for multi-type services of 5G V2X (Vehicle to X) networks. Based on a service-oriented adaptive splitting strategy in heterogeneous networks, combined with various service types such as communications between the networks, terminal, and base stations, and the value-added services of 5G IoVs, the proposed strategy jointly considers delay and cost as optimization goals. By analyzing the characteristics of the differ

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Băjenescu, Titu-Marius I. "EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES: 5G AND IOT." Journal of Engineering Science XXVI (2) (June 18, 2019): 76–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3249194.

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The fifth generation mobile network 5G is a set of emerging global telecommunications standards, generally using high-frequency spectrum, to offer network connectivity with reduced latency and greater speed and capacity relative to its predecessors. One example is emerging autonomous cars and intelligent transportation, to which small latency is essential. Imagine a world where cars will be able to communicate with passengers, surrounding pedestrians, other vehicles, bicycles, traffic lights, parking meters and other urban infrastructure. To meet 5G requirements, we need dramatically

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A.VenkataMahesh. "Design of an Iterative Method for Collaborative Resource Management using MAPPO and Federated Learning in 5G Networks." Communications on Applied Nonlinear Analysis 32, no. 2 (2024): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/cana.v32.1721.

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With the increasing real-world deployment of 5G networks and proliferation of heterogeneous IoT devices, an efficient resource management becomes inescapable to handle dynamic and diverse traffic demands. In conventional ways, resource allocation and model training in 5G networks become cumbersome due to scalability, heterogeneity, and cross-domain adaptability. They cannot capture the collaboration among base stations, personalization of IoT devices, and variational urban and rural network scenes. To overcome these limitations, in this work a novel amalgamation of Multi-Agent Proximal Policy

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Gabilondo, Álvaro, Zaloa Fernández, Roberto Viola, et al. "Traffic Classification for Network Slicing in Mobile Networks." Electronics 11, no. 7 (2022): 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071097.

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Network slicing is a promising technique used in the smart delivery of traffic and can satisfy the requirements of specific applications or systems based on the features of the 5G network. To this end, an appropriate slice needs to be selected for each data flow to efficiently transmit data for different applications and heterogeneous requirements. To apply the slicing paradigm at the radio segment of a cellular network, this paper presents two approaches for dynamically classifying the traffic types of individual flows and transmitting them through a specific slice with an associated 5G quali

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Rost, Peter, Carlos J. Bernardos, Domenico Antonio De, et al. "Cloud technologies for flexible 5G radio access networks." IEEE Communications Magazine 52, no. 5 (2014): 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2014.6898939.

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The evolution toward 5G mobile networks will be characterized by an increasing number of wireless devices, increasing device and service complexity, and the requirement to access mobile services ubiquitously. Two key enablers will allow the realization of the vision of 5G: very dense deployments and centralized processing. This article discusses the challenges and requirements in the design of 5G mobile networks based on these two key enablers. It discusses how cloud technologies and flexible functionality assignment in radio access networks enable network densification and centralized operati

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Zong, Yue, Chuan Feng, Yingying Guan, Yejun Liu, and Lei Guo. "Virtual Network Embedding for Multi-Domain Heterogeneous Converged Optical Networks: Issues and Challenges." Sensors 20, no. 9 (2020): 2655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092655.

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The emerging 5G applications and the connectivity of billions of devices have driven the investigation of multi-domain heterogeneous converged optical networks. To support emerging applications with their diverse quality of service requirements, network slicing has been proposed as a promising technology. Network virtualization is an enabler for network slicing, where the physical network can be partitioned into different configurable slices in the multi-domain heterogeneous converged optical networks. An efficient resource allocation mechanism for multiple virtual networks in network virtuali

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Subramani, Meenakshi, and Vinoth Babu Kumaravelu. "A Three-Stage Fuzzy-Logic-Based Handover Necessity Estimation and Target Network Selection Scheme for Next Generation Heterogeneous Networks." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 29, no. 06 (2019): 2050092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126620500929.

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The network performance is an imperative factor for the customers to select a mobile network operator (MNO). The customers demand seamless mobility and services with minimal packet loss and ultra-low latency from the subscribed MNO. Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is one of the key enabling solutions of fifth generation (5G), which has the potential to enhance throughput, latency, packet loss rate (PLR) performances of the network. 5G is expected to support high mobility and smaller range heterogeneous cells. This leads to frequent handovers. The unessential handovers may cause wastage of

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Chen, Hua-Min, Shou-Feng Wang, Peng Wang, Shaofu Lin, and Chao Fang. "Deep Q-Learning for Intelligent Band Coordination in 5G Heterogeneous Network Supporting V2X Communication." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (April 6, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9653334.

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A heterogeneous or hybrid 5G network is required to support connected vehicles to implement the full range of cooperative ITS (intelligent transport system) services in diverse scenarios. In order to enhance data rate or reduce latency by increasing transmission bandwidth, 5G utilizes frequency bands below and above 6 GHz. The challenge is that multiple band coordination in 5G will be essential to mobile network operators. Even worse, traditional strategies could not meet the demand. Most current 5G research is focused in 5G network optimization. However, frequency coordination in 5G, as one o

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Arshad, Rabia, Muhammad Farooq-i-Azam, Raheel Muzzammel, Arfan Ghani, and Chan Hwang See. "Energy Efficiency and Throughput Optimization in 5G Heterogeneous Networks." Electronics 12, no. 9 (2023): 2031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12092031.

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Device-to-device communication offers a promising technology for the 5G network that aims to enhance the data rate, reduce latency and cost, improve energy efficiency, and provide other desired features. The 5G heterogeneous network (5GHN) with a decoupled association strategy of downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) is a promising solution for the challenges faced in the 4G heterogeneous network (4GHN). The research presented in this paper evaluates the performance of the 4GHN as well as a DL-and-UL-coupled (DU-CP) access scheme in comparison with the 5GHN with a DL-and-UL-decoupled (DU-DCP) access s

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Xie, Yi. "A Multi-User Schedule Method for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 5G Heterogeneous Network." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 37, no. 2 (2019): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20193720337.

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Heterogeneous network is supposed to be the dominant network architecture of the fifth generation (5G) cellular network, which means small cells are overlaid on the macrocell. The beamforming (BF) and cell expansion are two important approaches to serve users in small cells. Furthermore, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a new type of multiple access multiplexing which improves system performance without taking up extra spectrum resources. Therefore, it becomes one promising technique in 5G. In this paper, NOMA is applied in a 5G heterogeneous network with biased small cells. The BF str

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Liu, Jingwei, Lihuan Zhang, Rong Sun, Xiaojiang Du, and Mohsen Guizani. "Mutual Heterogeneous Signcryption Schemes for 5G Network Slicings." IEEE Access 6 (2018): 7854–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2797102.

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Leonard, Alumona Theophilus, Osakwe Anthony Nnamdi, Ozioko Emmanuel Chiemezie, Ifesi Emmanuel Obinna, and Ezeonyi Nnaemeka Uchenna. "5G Applications in Heterogeneous Network Issues and Challenges." International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing 9, no. 9 (2020): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/ijcsmc.2020.v09i09.010.

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Ismail, Ahmad Fadzil, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan, Shayla Islam, Wahidah Hashim, and Rashid A. Saeed. "Enhancement of Spectrum Detection in 5G Heterogeneous Network." International Journal of Future Generation Communication and Networking 10, no. 2 (2017): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijfgcn.2017.10.2.07.

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Edris, Ed Kamya Kiyemba, Mahdi Aiash, and Jonathan Loo. "An Introduction of a Modular Framework for Securing 5G Networks and Beyond." Network 2, no. 3 (2022): 419–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/network2030026.

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Fifth Generation Mobile Network (5G) is a heterogeneous network in nature, made up of multiple systems and supported by different technologies. It will be supported by network services such as device-to-device (D2D) communications. This will enable the new use cases to provide access to other services within the network and from third-party service providers (SPs). End-users with their user equipment (UE) will be able to access services ubiquitously from multiple SPs that might share infrastructure and security management, whereby implementing security from one domain to another will be a chal

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Osama, Mayada, Salwa El Ramly, and Bassant Abdelhamid. "Interference Mitigation and Power Minimization in 5G Heterogeneous Networks." Electronics 10, no. 14 (2021): 1723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141723.

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Macro cells’ (MCs) densification with small cells (SCs) is one of the promising solutions to cope with the increasing demand for higher data rates in 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNets). Unfortunately, the interference that arises between these densely deployed SCs and their elevated power consumption have caused huge problems facing the 5G HetNets. In this paper, a new soft frequency reuse (SFR) scheme is proposed to minimize the interference and elevate the network throughput. The proposed scheme is based on on/off switching the SCs according to their interference contribution rate (ICR) val

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Gachhadar, Anand, Faizan Qamar, Dhawa Sang Dong, Mohammed B. Majed, Effariza Hanafi, and Iraj Sadegh Amiri. "Traffic Offloading in 5G Heterogeneous Networks using Rank based Network Selection." Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 12, no. 2 (2019): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25103/jestr.122.02.

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Bhat, Shireesh, Robinson Udechukwu, Rudra Dutta, and George N. Rouskas. "Network service orchestration in heterogeneous 5G networks using an open marketplace." IET Networks 6, no. 6 (2017): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-net.2017.0058.

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Dias, José, Pedro Pinto, Ricardo Santos, and Silvestre Malta. "5G Network Slicing: Security Challenges, Attack Vectors, and Mitigation Approaches." Sensors 25, no. 13 (2025): 3940. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25133940.

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This paper explores the security challenges associated with network slicing in 5th Generation (5G) networks, a technology that enables the creation of virtual networks tailored to different use cases. This study contributes to network slicing research efforts by providing a comprehensive classification of attacks aligned with the architectural layers of 5G, complemented by practical mitigation approaches suitable for multi-tenant environments. The classification depicts specific attacks and categorizes vulnerabilities across layers such as orchestration, virtualization, and inter-slice communi

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MAKSYMYUK, Taras, Olena KRASKO, Maryan KYRYK, Vasyl ROMANCHUK, and Roman KOLODIY. "Designing the new Backhaul for 5G Heterogeneous Network Based on Converged Optical Infrastructure." Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica 17, no. 4 (2017): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15546/aeei-2017-0028.

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B.Pavithra and James Komala. "Heterogeneous Networks in 5g using Joint Path Selection and Efficient Self-Organization Protocol." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 5 (2020): 1183–86. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.E1017.069520.

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Tree networks are systematically spread across multiple networks. This project proposes a framework for effective selforganization for 5 G heterogeneous networks. All nodes in this network are classified into two types: network nodes, and nonnetwork nodes. Network nodes are able to broadcast packets to neighboring nodes. A tree-based network can then be obtained from one layer to another. The topology is dynamically balanced to balance energy consumption and extend the service life of the network. To test the current technique we perform tests with it. Results from the simulation show our prop

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Mackay, Michael, Alessandro Raschella, and Ogeen Toma. "Modelling and Analysis of Performance Characteristics in a 60 Ghz 802.11ad Wireless Mesh Backhaul Network for an Urban 5G Deployment." Future Internet 14, no. 2 (2022): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi14020034.

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With the widespread deployment of 5G gaining pace, there is increasing interest in deploying this technology beyond traditional Mobile Network Operators (MNO) into private and community scenarios. These deployments leverage the flexibility of 5G itself to support private networks that sit alongside or even on top of existing public 5G. By utilizing a range of virtualisation and slicing techniques in the 5G Core (5GC) and heterogeneous Radio Access Networks (RAN) at the edge, a wide variety of use cases can be supported by 5G. However, these non-typical deployments may experience different perf

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Hisyam Ng, Hibatul Azizi, and Toktam Mahmoodi. "Intelligent Traffic Engineering for 6G Heterogeneous Transport Networks." Computers 13, no. 3 (2024): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers13030074.

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Novel architectures incorporating transport networks and artificial intelligence (AI) are currently being developed for beyond 5G and 6G technologies. Given that the interfacing mobile and transport network nodes deliver high transactional packet volume in downlink and uplink streams, 6G networks envision adopting diverse transport networks, including non-terrestrial types of transport networks such as the satellite network, High-Altitude Platform Systems (HAPS), and DOCSIS cable TV. Hence, there is a need to match the traffic to the transport network. This paper focuses on such a matching pro

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Tseliou, G., Ferrán Adelantado, and Christos Verikoukis. "A Base Station Agnostic Network Slicing Framework for 5G." IEEE Network 33, no. 4 (2019): 82–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3678608.

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The major investment required to roll out new 5G networks has been partially overcome with the definition of a set of migration paths from current 4G deployments to full 5G NR standalone deployments. However, these migration paths, which reduce the time to market of 5G services and the initial investment, result in heterogeneous networks with higher complexity. In this article, we propose a base station agnostic framework for Network Slicing (NetSliC), a new virtualization layer that creates slices taking into account a set of specific constraints per BS. The proposed mechanism is able to effe

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G, Manjula, Pratibha Deshmukh, Udaya Kumar N. L., et al. "Resource Allocation Energy Efficient Algorithm for H-CRAN in 5G." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 3s (2023): 118–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i3s.6172.

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In today's generation, the demand for data rates has also increased due to the rapid surge in the number of users. With this increasing growth, there is a need to develop the next fifth generation network keeping in mind the need to replace the current 4G cellular network. The fifth generation (5G) design in mobile communication technology has been developed keeping in mind all the communication needs of the users. Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Network (H-CRAN) has emerged as a capable architecture for the newly emerging network infrastructure for energy efficient networks and high data rat

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Falahatraftar, Farnoush, Samuel Pierre, and Steven Chamberland. "A Conditional Generative Adversarial Network Based Approach for Network Slicing in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks." Telecom 2, no. 1 (2021): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/telecom2010009.

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Heterogeneous Vehicular Network (HetVNET) is a highly dynamic type of network that changes very quickly. Regarding this feature of HetVNETs and the emerging notion of network slicing in 5G technology, we propose a hybrid intelligent Software-Defined Network (SDN) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) based architecture. In this paper, we apply Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN) to augment the information of successful network scenarios that are related to network congestion and dynamicity. The results show that the proposed CGAN can be trained in order to generate valuable

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