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Journal articles on the topic '5G'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 June 2025

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1

Fehmi, Hind, Meryem Fakhouri Amr, Ayoub Bahnasse, and Mohamed Talea. "5G Network: Analysis and Compare 5G NSA /5G SA." Procedia Computer Science 203 (2022): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2022.07.085.

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2

Gimenez, Jordi Joan. "5G Media Action Group (5G-MAG): Bridging Media and 5G." SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal 130, no. 8 (2021): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/jmi.2021.3090160.

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3

Shankaranarayanan, N. K., and Arunabha Ghosh. "5G." IEEE Internet Computing 21, no. 5 (2017): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mic.2017.3481346.

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4

Simovska, Kristina. "5G NEW RADIO (5G NR) - AIR INTERFACE IN 5G MOBILE NETWORKS." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies 6, no. 1 (2021): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51466/jeeit2161184037s.

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5

Song, Hoon-Geun, and Hyeon-Woo Lee. "5G K-TestBench: A Study on the Hardware Based 5G Test Bench." Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences 44, no. 3 (2019): 595–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2019.44.3.595.

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6

JARAMILLO, NÉSTOR, ALEXANDER OCHOA, WILLIAM PÁEZ, and ALEXANDER PEÑA. "TECNOLOGÍA 5G." Revista Ingeniería Matemáticas y Ciencias de la Información 4, no. 8 (2017): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21017/rimci.2017.v4.n8.a31.

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7

Gregory, Mark A. "5G Arrives." Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 6, no. 4 (2018): ii—iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/ajtde.v6n4.173.

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Papers in the December 2018 issue of the Journal include discussion on 5G security, what’s next for the National Broadband Network, a technical paper on the conflicts in routing and UAV autonomy, HTTP traffic flow load balancing and an insight into how the use of location information affects privacy. The history of Australian telecommunications paper on impressions of an overseas visit by a lines engineer provides an insight into how knowledge transfer improves with the opportunity to study telecommunications in Europe, North America and Australia. The Journal welcomes contributions.

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8

Gregory, Mark A. "5G Arrives." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 6, no. 4 (2018): ii—iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v6n4.173.

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Papers in the December 2018 issue of the Journal include discussion on 5G security, what’s next for the National Broadband Network, a technical paper on the conflicts in routing and UAV autonomy, HTTP traffic flow load balancing and an insight into how the use of location information affects privacy. The history of Australian telecommunications paper on impressions of an overseas visit by a lines engineer provides an insight into how knowledge transfer improves with the opportunity to study telecommunications in Europe, North America and Australia. The Journal welcomes contributions.

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9

Kubota, Ayumu. "5G Security." IEICE Communications Society Magazine 14, no. 3 (2020): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/bplus.14.254.

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10

Sankar, K. "5G Technology." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 9, no. 1 (2021): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v9i1.4033.

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5G is almost around the corner. 5G as a buzzword has been knocking on our doors for some time now sans a lot of action on the ground. However, that’s about to change as the Department of Telecom (DOT) recently approved applications from Telecom Service Providers (TSPs) to conduct trials for the use and application of 5G technology. While field trials begin here in India, 5G as a technology has been commercially available in just over 50 countries such as France, South Korea, the US, etc. for a few years and there are valuable lessons that we can take from launches, successes, and failures in these markets. Indian operators could learn from their counterparts’ experience and avoid or rather not repeat the same mistake which their counterparts might have made.Let’s take the case of 5G in France that has been commercially available since November 2020. A recent study done by us showed that there exists a gap in the quality of experience delivered by TSPs on 5G. The study was the first of its kind, measured experience on real devices placed in actual customer locations across nine major French cities. It revealed that while the incumbent operator provided average speeds of 146 Mbps, the newer operator is left far behind at 28 Mbps, which is a speed one would expect on 4G. These discrepancies between operators could be a result of different deployment strategies.Such discrepancies can be problematic as they finally impact end customers. And in today’s time when the nation is grappling a devastating second wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, providing seamless digital experience so that digital applications ranging from education and work to entertainment and dining can continue remotely.

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11

Evcenko, Dimitri, and Holger Kett. "5G-Nutzenbewertung." Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb 117, no. 1-2 (2022): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2022-1014.

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Abstract Im Zuge der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung gewinnt der neue Mobilfunkstandard 5G zusehends an Bedeutung. In Anbetracht seiner technischen Leistungsfähigkeit und neuen Funktionen, kann er als Enabler für die Umsetzung von Industrie-4.0-Anwendungsfällen betrachtet werden. Ehe eine neue Technologie wie 5G jedoch in einem Unternehmen zum Einsatz kommen kann, müssen die Auswirkungen seines Einsatzes auf unterschiedliche Anwendungsfälle analysiert werden. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methodik aufgezeigt, wie der Nutzen einer 5G-Investition grob abgeschätzt und für die strategische Entscheidungsfindung herangezogen werden kann.

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12

田久, 修. "ローカル5G". IEICE Communications Society Magazine 16, № 4 (2023): 374b. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/bplus.16.374b.

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13

Grylls, Bethan. "5G Problems." New Electronics 51, no. 19 (2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0047-9624(23)60699-6.

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14

Sagae, Yuta, Shinsuke Sawamukai, Yusuke Ohwatari, Kohei Kiyoshima, Keiichi Kanbara, and Jo Takahashi. "5G Network." NTT Technical Review 18, no. 12 (2020): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.53829/ntr202012fa13.

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15

Grylls, Bethan. "5G Art." New Electronics 52, no. 9 (2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0047-9624(22)61034-4.

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16

Grylls, Bethan. "Delivering 5G." New Electronics 52, no. 4 (2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s0047-9624(22)60916-7.

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17

Yao, Zhengyi, Liang Tan, and Kun She. "5G-BSS: 5G-Based Universal Blockchain Smart Sensors." Sensors 22, no. 12 (2022): 4607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22124607.

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A smart sensor is a sensor with information processing functions. It is the product of the combination of sensor integration and a microprocessor. It has the characteristics of intelligence, networking and high precision. It has been widely used in aerospace, aviation, intelligent transportation, industrial control and medical and health care. However, in some specific application scenarios with high data security requirements and low transmission delay, such as environmental detection, transportation, etc., smart sensors have three obvious shortcomings. First, the data transmission delay is high. Second, the confidentiality and integrity of the data transmission process cannot be effectively guaranteed. Third, centralized data storage is easily leaked and tampered with by malicious users and semi-trusted administrators. Therefore, a 5G-based blockchain smart sensor 5G-BSS was designed. 5G-BSS has three innovation points. First, the 5G communication module enables the smart sensor 5G-BSS. The 5G communication module is integrated into the smart sensor 5G-BSS to reduce the delay of data transmission and improve the speed and reliability of data transmission. Second, cryptographic algorithms enable the smart sensor 5G-BSS. The data encryption module of the smart sensor 5G-BSS improves the confidentiality and integrity of the data transmission process. Third, blockchain empowers the smart sensor 5G-BSS. The blockchain client is integrated into the smart sensor 5G-BSS to ensure the centralized storage of data and prevent data leakage and tampering by semi-trusted administrators. The operation process of the hardware and software architecture is described in detail and tested on the Fisco-Bcos. The experimental results show that 5G-BSS not only has fast data transmission speed but also can effectively guarantee the integrity, confidentiality and availability of data. 5G-BSS is suitable for application scenarios with high requirements for data security and data transmission, such as environmental monitoring, intelligent transportation, autonomous driving, etc.

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18

Admaja, Awangga Febian Surya. "Kajian Awal 5G Indonesia (5G Indonesia Early Preview)." Buletin Pos dan Telekomunikasi 13, no. 2 (2015): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17933/bpostel.2015.130201.

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19

Admaja, Awangga Febian Surya. "Pemetaan Riset Teknologi 5G [5G Technology Research Mapping]." Buletin Pos dan Telekomunikasi 16, no. 1 (2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17933/bpostel.2018.160103.

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20

Demestichas, Panagiotis, Andreas Georgakopoulos, Kostas Tsagkaris, and Serafim Kotrotsos. "Intelligent 5G Networks: Managing 5G Wireless\/Mobile Broadband." IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine 10, no. 3 (2015): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2015.2446419.

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21

Keller, Ralf, Torbjorn Cagenius, Anders Ryde, and David Castellanos. "5G migration strategy from EPS to 5G System." Ericsson Technology Review 2020, no. 1 (2020): 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/etr.2020.9904653.

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22

Kao, Hsiao-Wen, and Eric Hsiao-Kuang Wu. "QoE Sustainability on 5G and Beyond 5G Networks." IEEE Wireless Communications 30, no. 1 (2023): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwc.007.2200260.

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23

อัศดรวิเศษ, วิทยากร. "5G กับการเปลี่ยน Key Players ในโลก ศูนย์ทดสอบ 5G แห่งจุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย". Jamjuree Journal 22, № 3 (2020): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.58837/chula.jamjuree.22.3.4.

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24

Gimenez, Jordi J. "5G Media Action Group (5G-MAG): Global Internet and 5G Technologies for Multimedia Applications." SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal 132, no. 8 (2023): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/jmi.2023.3288906.

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25

Abdullayeva, A. S., A. K. Aitim та A. V. Tyan. "ПЕРЕХОД СЕТИ 4G НА 5G. ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ЭКОСИСТЕМЫ 5G". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES 3, № 2(10) (2022): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54309/ijict.2022.10.2.005.

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This article is based on an analysis of the new generation of 5G network. The smooth transition from the fourth generation to the fifth and the need for a 5G network for connection and data transmission are considered. Also, the impact of the new generation network on the global economy. Transition problems and technical needs for network implementation are analyzed. Everyday products and communications, whether images, audio, or video, are increasingly dependent on high-speed, 24/7 Internet connections. To keep up with the ever-increasing demand, the 5th generation of wireless network technology was introduced; better known as 5G. Perseverance in technological innovation contributes to a timely economic recovery and will continue to promote prosperity in the post-pandemic era. 5G advances mobile communications from connecting people to people and people to information to a single communication network connecting everyone and everything. This paper examines the evolution and rise of wireless technologies of all generations, highlights the importance of revolutionary 5G networks, examines the main technologies that make it possible to apply them, explores their trends and challenges, explores their applications in various industrial sectors.

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26

Oh, Seong-Jun, and Jae-Joon Park. "Korea-China Joint Research for 5G Evaluation Methodology including 5G Channel Modeling." Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences 43, no. 1 (2018): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2018.43.1.91.

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27

Weliwita, Chathurika. "Performance Study on 5G - NSA Backhaul Network Secured with HIP." International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications 14, no. 06 (2023): 5705–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35444/ijana.2023.14607.

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Fifth generation Non-Stand Alone (5G-NSA) mode offers users an earlier 5G experience before worldwide Stand Alone 5G implementation (5G-SA). In 5G-NSA, operators utilize the existing fourth-generation (4G) networks to provide pre-5G services. In some 5G-NSA deployments, the 4G backhaul network connects the 5G core (5GC) or 4G evolved packet core (EPC) to the 5G new radio (5G NR) network. Nevertheless, implementing security in all network segments is essential to assure end-to-end security in 5G-NSA implementations. Operators must use Internet Protocol security (IPsec) to secure user plane transmissions through 4G backhaul. Host Identity Protocol (HIP) is an alternative method to implement IPsec without disturbing radio or core network protocols to provide node authentication, data encryption with integrity protection, and replay protection to the user plane. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the secure HIP-4G backhaul network to assure end-to-end security in 5G-NSA. According to the results, HIP implementation does not delay message transmissions. Only a slight delay occurs at the security session establishment phase in the HIP Base Exchange process. Hence the HIP implemented 4G backhaul is appropriate to assure end-to-end security in 5G-NSA until the 5G-SA internetworking solutions are implemented.

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28

Zikria, Yousaf, Sung Kim, Muhammad Afzal, Haoxiang Wang, and Mubashir Rehmani. "5G Mobile Services and Scenarios: Challenges and Solutions." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (2018): 3626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103626.

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The Fifth generation (5G) network is projected to support large amount of data traffic and massive number of wireless connections. Different data traffic has different Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. 5G mobile network aims to address the limitations of previous cellular standards (i.e., 2G/3G/4G) and be a prospective key enabler for future Internet of Things (IoT). 5G networks support a wide range of applications such as smart home, autonomous driving, drone operations, health and mission critical applications, Industrial IoT (IIoT), and entertainment and multimedia. Based on end users’ experience, several 5G services are categorized into immersive 5G services, intelligent 5G services, omnipresent 5G services, autonomous 5G services, and public 5G services. In this paper, we present a brief overview of 5G technical scenarios. We then provide a brief overview of accepted papers in our Special Issue on 5G mobile services and scenarios. Finally, we conclude this paper.

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29

Gao, Shujuan, Ruyan Lin, Yulong Fu, Hui Li, and Jin Cao. "Security Threats, Requirements and Recommendations on Creating 5G Network Slicing System: A Survey." Electronics 13, no. 10 (2024): 1860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13101860.

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Network slicing empowers 5G with enhanced network performance and efficiency, cost saving, and better QoS and customer satisfaction, and expands the commercial application scenarios of 5G networks. However, the introduction of new techniques usually raises new security threats. Most of the existing works on 5G security only focus on 5G itself and do not analyze 5G network slicing security in detail. We consider network slices as a virtual logical network that can unite the subnetwork parts of 5G. If a 5G network slice has security problems or has been attacked, the entire 5G network will have security risks. In this paper, after synthesizing the existing literature, we analyze the security threats step by step through the lifecycle of 5G network slices, analyzing and summarizing more than 70 security threats in three major categories. Based on the security issues investigated, from a viewpoint of building a secure 5G network slicing system, we compiled 24 security requirements and proposed the corresponding recommendations for different scenarios of 5G network slicing. Finally, we collated the future research trends of 5G network slicing security.

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30

Yang, Shan, Qiyuan Zhang, Longxing Hu, et al. "5G Indoor Positioning Error Correction Based on 5G-PECNN." Sensors 24, no. 6 (2024): 1949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24061949.

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With the development of the mobile network communication industry, 5G has been widely used in the consumer market, and the application of 5G technology for indoor positioning has emerged. Like most indoor positioning techniques, the propagation of 5G signals in indoor spaces is affected by noise, multipath propagation interference, installation errors, and other factors, leading to errors in 5G indoor positioning. This paper aims to address these issues by first constructing a 5G indoor positioning dataset and analyzing the characteristics of 5G positioning errors. Subsequently, we propose a 5G Positioning Error Correction Neural Network (5G-PECNN) based on neural networks. This network employs a multi-level fusion network structure designed to adapt to the error characteristics of 5G through adaptive gradient descent. Experimental validation demonstrates that the algorithm proposed in this paper achieves superior error correction within the error region, significantly outperforming traditional neural networks.

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31

Kim, Kyuri, Young Seung Lee, Nam Kim, Hyung-Do Choi, and Kyung-Min Lim. "5G Electromagnetic Radiation Attenuates Skin Melanogenesis In Vitro by Suppressing ROS Generation." Antioxidants 11, no. 8 (2022): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081449.

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Recently, the impacts of 5G electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with 28 GHz on human health have been attracting public attention with the advent of 5G wireless communication. Here, we report that 5G (28 GHz) EMR can attenuate the skin pigmentation in murine melanoma cells (B16F10) and a 3D pigmented human epidermis model (Melanoderm™). B16 cells were exposed to 5G (28 GHz) with or without α-MSH for 4 h per day. Interestingly, 5G attenuated α-MSH-induced melanin synthesis. Fontana–Masson staining confirmed that the dendritic formation of α-MSH stimulated B16 cells was diminished by 5G exposure. To confirm the anti-melanogenic effect of 5G EMR, MelanoDerm™ was irradiated with 5G at a power intensity of 10 W/m2 for 4 h a day for 16 days and melanin distribution was detected with Fontana–Masson staining, which supported the anti-melanogenic effect of 5G EMR. Consistently, 5G EMR suppressed α-MSH induced upregulation of melanogenic enzymes; tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2. Of note, 5G EMR attenuated ROS production stimulated by α-MSH and H2O2, suggesting that 5G EMR may dissipate ROS generation, which is pivotal for the melanin synthesis. Collectively, we demonstrated that 5G EMR can attenuate skin pigmentation by attenuating ROS generation.

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32

Smys, S. "Recent Security Features of 5G Protocol for Real Time Network Domain – An Overview." Journal of ISMAC 3, no. 4 (2022): 314–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jismac.2021.4.003.

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Numerous mission-critical applications in the field of information technology will rely on fifth generation (5G) networks in the future. The 5G is projected to bring new technological improvements and innovation. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is the present backbone of 5G. Because of the specific needs of each application that may be met by network slicing, 5G can provide this feature. In comparison to 4G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and preceded generations, 5G is more adaptable and scalable. However, considerable advances in 5G cyber security are required to minimise the rising threats of hacking. Both the network and the devices linked to 5G are subjected to security problems. 5G communication networks' weaknesses may create many dangerous unknown attacks. However, it depends on the 5G privacy and security key protocol. In addition, several dangerous attacks may be combined to provide a wide range of attack options for hackers. For the 5G communication network, this article provides a complete framework for security analysis. The findings of this study might lead to unique 5G communication exploits. Moreover, artificial intelligence learning has been recently used to create and analyse attack graphs for software-defined and virtualized 5G communication networks.

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33

Smys, S. "Recent Security Features of 5G Protocol for Real Time Network Domain – An Overview." Journal of ISMAC 3, no. 4 (2022): 314–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/10.36548/jismac.2021.4.003.

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Numerous mission-critical applications in the field of information technology will rely on fifth generation (5G) networks in the future. The 5G is projected to bring new technological improvements and innovation. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is the present backbone of 5G. Because of the specific needs of each application that may be met by network slicing, 5G can provide this feature. In comparison to 4G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and preceded generations, 5G is more adaptable and scalable. However, considerable advances in 5G cyber security are required to minimise the rising threats of hacking. Both the network and the devices linked to 5G are subjected to security problems. 5G communication networks' weaknesses may create many dangerous unknown attacks. However, it depends on the 5G privacy and security key protocol. In addition, several dangerous attacks may be combined to provide a wide range of attack options for hackers. For the 5G communication network, this article provides a complete framework for security analysis. The findings of this study might lead to unique 5G communication exploits. Moreover, artificial intelligence learning has been recently used to create and analyse attack graphs for software-defined and virtualized 5G communication networks.

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34

Chung, Woo-Ghee. "Study on Effective 5G Network Deployment Method for 5G Mobile Communication Services." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 29, no. 5 (2018): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.5.353.

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35

Lorincz, Josip, Amar Kukuruzović, and Zoran Blažević. "A Comprehensive Overview of Network Slicing for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Fifth-Generation Networks." Sensors 24, no. 10 (2024): 3242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24103242.

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The introduction of fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks leads to an increase in energy consumption and higher operational costs for mobile network operators (MNOs). Consequently, the optimization of 5G networks’ energy efficiency is crucial, both in terms of reducing MNO costs and in terms of the negative environmental impact. However, many aspects of the 5G mobile network technology itself have been standardized, including the 5G network slicing concept. This enables the creation of multiple independent logical 5G networks within the same physical infrastructure. Since the only necessary resources in 5G networks need to be used for the realization of a specific 5G network slice, the question of whether the implementation of 5G network slicing can contribute to the improvement of 5G and future sixth-generation networks’ energy efficiency arises. To tackle this question, this review paper analyzes 5G network slicing and the energy demand of different network slicing use cases and mobile virtual network operator realizations based on network slicing. The paper also overviews standardized key performance indicators for the assessment of 5G network slices’ energy efficiency and discusses energy efficiency in 5G network slicing lifecycle management. In particular, to show how efficient network slicing can optimize the energy consumption of 5G networks, versatile 5G network slicing use case scenarios, approaches, and resource allocation concepts in the space, time, and frequency domains have been discussed, including artificial intelligence-based implementations of network slicing. The results of the comprehensive discussion indicate that the different implementations and approaches to network slicing pave the way for possible further reductions in 5G MNO energy costs and carbon dioxide emissions in the future.

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36

Lu, Guosheng, Lin Tian, Hang Liu, Hailong Zhu, Long Wang, and Jielin Zeng. "Research on the Application of Uninterrupted 5G Private Network in Smart Grid." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2078, no. 1 (2021): 012062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2078/1/012062.

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Abstract Based on the demand for smart grid 5G network, this paper studies 5G mobile communication technology and the industry's 5G private network construction mode. Combined with power grid requirements, this paper focuses on analyzing the uninterrupted 5G private network solution, the principal of the solution is also explained. Taking a 5G test network deployed at a converter station as an example, the construction, isolation, operation, and maintenance plans of the uninterrupted 5G private network solution in the power communication network is proposed, the actual tests verify the feasibility of the continuous 5G private network. This paper will provide reference for the promotion and application of 5G private network technology in the power grid.

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37

Arjun, Jadhav Akshay, Mali Kiran Kishor, and Prof Snehal Jadhav. "5G: Overview, Challenges and Benefits." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 12 (2022): 1070–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.48118.

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Abstract: 5G Is a advances technology in world around us but also dynamic the wireless industry to develop the next generation of network technology. December 1, 2018, South Korea became the first country to offer 5G.5G is a high frequency band and different device support are 5G.5G main advantages is high speed and effective and efficiency technology.5G is wireless backhaul connection or high bandwidth optical fibber.

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38

Daneshmand, B. "Analysis of modern standard application methods of software-defined network in 5G/IMT-2020." Quality. Innovation. Education, no. 1 (2021): 68–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31145/1999-513x-2021-1-67-82.

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The paper considers the application of SDN technology in 5G / IMT-2020 networks, namely, answers to the questions: What is SDN technology used for in 5G / IMT-2020 networks? How is SDN technology used in 5G / IMT-2020 networks? , What is the role of SDN technology in 5G / IMT-2020 networks ?, What are the functions of SDN technology in 5G / IMT-2020 networks? and the like. But before that, it describes what SDN is and what 5G / IMT-2020 is. The paper describes and analyzes the methods of using SDN technology in fifth generation networks in terms of the function and role that SDN plays in these networks. Usually in the literature, this information exists in a scattered form, and sometimes some methods of application are either very superficially described, or not described at all, or they are tied to other methods. The aim of the work is to identify and analyze well-established methods of using SDN in 5G / IMT-2020 networks. To identify SDN applications in 5G / IMT-2020 networks, SDN architecture, SDN benefits, overall 5G / IMT-2020 network architecture, 5G / IMT-2020 standards and requirements, network protocols were studied and analyzed 5G / IMT-2020, some existing and future likely 5G / IMT-2020 network services, general concepts of some future networks such as tactile internet, internet skills, model networks, etc. The paper provides a radial diagram of the ways (options) of using SDN in 5G / IMT-2020 and describes each option.

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39

Daneshmand, Behrooz. "Analysis of modern standard application methods of software-defined network in 5G/IMT-2020." T-Comm 15, no. 10 (2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36724/2072-8735-2021-15-10-28-37.

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The paper considers the application of SDN technology in 5G / IMT-2020 networks, namely, answers to the questions: What is SDN technology used for in 5G / IMT-2020 networks; How is SDN technology used in 5G / IMT-2020 networks; What is the role of SDN technology in 5G / IMT-2020 networks; What are the functions of SDN technology in 5G / IMT-2020 networks etc. But before that, it describes what SDN is and what 5G / IMT-2020 is. The paper describes and analyzes the methods of using SDN technology in fifth generation networks in terms of the function and role that SDN plays in these networks. Usually in the literature, this information exists in a scattered form, and sometimes some methods of application are either very superficially described, or not described at all, or they are tied to other methods. The aim of the work is to identify and analyze well-established methods of using SDN in 5G / IMT-2020 networks. To identify SDN applications in 5G / IMT-2020 networks, SDN architecture, SDN benefits, overall 5G / IMT-2020 network architecture, 5G / IMT-2020 standards and requirements, network protocols were studied and analyzed 5G / IMT-2020, some existing and future likely 5G / IMT-2020 network services, general concepts of some future networks such as tactile internet, internet skills, model networks, etc. The paper provides a radial diagram of the ways (options) of using SDN in 5G / IMT-2020 and describes each option.

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Choudhary, Akshita, and Sunil Zacharia. "Eco-Friendly Management of Maydis Leaf Blight (Bipolaris maydis) (Nisikado and Miyake) Shoemaker of Maize (Zea mays L.)." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30, no. 9 (2024): 728–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i92400.

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Maydis leaf blight is the destructive foliar fungal disease causes considerable losses in maize crop. Disease appears as young small and diamond shaped lesions, as they mature, they elongate. The present investigation was carried out in kharif season in the year 2023-2024 under field conditions. Eight treatments were tested against maydis leaf light viz. Trichoderma viride @ 5g/ha (ST) + Turmeric rhizome extract @ 10% (FS), T. viride @ 5g/ha (ST) + Garlic clove extract @ 10% (FS), T. viride @ 5g/ha (ST) + Neem leaf extract @ 10% (FS), T. viride @ 5g/ha (ST) + Eucalyptus leaf extract @ 10% (FS), T. viride @ 5g/ha (ST) + Tulsi leaf extract @ 10% (FS), T. viride @ 5g/ha (ST) + Datura leaf extract @ 10% (FS), Propiconazole 25 EC @ 0.1% as treated check and untreated control in Randomize Block Design with three replications. Among all the treatments minimum disease intensity (%) was recorded in treatment T. viride @ 5g/kg + Garlic clove extract @ 10% (26.98%) followed by T. viride @ 5g/kg + Neem leaf extract @ 10% (28.90%), T. viride @ 5g/kg +Datura leaf extract @ 10% (31.44%), T. viride @ 5g/kg + Turmeric rhizome extract @ 10% (34.32%), T. viride @ 5g/kg + Eucalyptus leaf extract @ 10% (37.88), T. viride @ 5g/kg + Tulsi leaf extract @ 10% (38.90%) as compared to control and maximum plant height (cm) (168.40), number of leaves (19.46), cob length (cm) (18.92cm), yield (t/ha) (4.25t/ha) and cost benefit ratio (1:2.4) was recorded in treatment T. viride @ 5g/kg + Garlic clove extract @ 10% compared to control.

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Wani, Mohamad Saalim, Michael Rademacher, Thorsten Horstmann, and Mathias Kretschmer. "Security Vulnerabilities in 5G Non-Stand-Alone Networks: A Systematic Analysis and Attack Taxonomy." Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy 4, no. 1 (2024): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcp4010002.

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5G networks, pivotal for our digital mobile societies, are transitioning from 4G to 5G Stand-Alone (SA) networks. However, during this transition, 5G Non-Stand-Alone (NSA) networks are widely used. This paper examines potential security vulnerabilities in 5G NSA networks. Through an extensive literature review, we identify known 4G attacks that can theoretically be applied to 5G NSA. We organize these attacks into a structured taxonomy. Our findings reveal that 5G NSA networks may offer a false sense of security, as most security and privacy improvements are concentrated in 5G SA networks. To underscore this concern, we implement three attacks with severe consequences and successfully validate them on various commercially available smartphones. Notably, one of these attacks, the IMSI Leak, consistently exposes user information with no apparent security mitigation in 5G NSA networks. This highlights the ease of tracking individuals on current 5G networks.

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Patkar, Ankit. "5G Wireless Technology." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (2022): 1519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40930.

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Abstract: After the up rise of 4G wireless mobile technology takes place; researchers, mobile operator industries representative, academic institutions have started to look into the advancement (technological) towards 5G communication networks due to some main demands that are meliorated data rates, better capacity, minimized latency and better QoS (Quality of Service). To established the 5G mobile communication technological foundation, various research works or projects entailing main mobile infrastructure manufacturers, academia and international mobile network operators have been introduced recently. Nevertheless, 5G mobile services to be made available for use, their architecture, and their performance have not been evidently explicated. In this paper, we represent thorough overview of 5G the next generation mobile technology. We mainly throws light on 5G network architecture, 5G radio spectrum, ultra-dense radio access networks (UDRAN), traffic offloading of mobile, cognitive radio (CR), software defined radio (SDR), software defined networking (SDN), mixed infrastructure, and 5G network impact on the society. Keywords: 5G wireless technology, evolution from 4G to 5G

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Bojkovic, Zoran, Dragorad Milovanovic, Tulsi Pawan Fowdur, and Mussawir Ahmad Hosany. "What 5G has been and what should 5G+ be?" Athens Journal of Τechnology & Engineering 8, no. 1 (2021): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajte.8-1-2.

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In this work we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the most inspiring aspects of 5G mobile networks. In addition, we present the latest findings on the promising 6G technology towards a world of fully digital connectivity. The key determinants are extreme system performance and combinations of requirements for new use cases. We study new performance targets beyond 5G in two stages: 5G+ evolution and new 6G step. Relevant technologies considered too immature for 5G or outside the defined scope are outlined. To justify our vision of future mobile networks, we point out the need for closer collaborations of academia, standardizing bodies, industrial organizations and governments. The contribution strategy is gradual evolution and performance enhancement of mobile communications. Finally, we identify challenges and directions on network technology roadmap toward 6G. Keywords: wireless communication, mobile broadband, low-latency communi-cation, 5G network, 3GPP, 6G vision

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Абдуллаев, Сейдулла, та Асель Абдуллаева. "ПЕРЕХОД СЕТИ 4G НА 5G. ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ЭКОСИСТЕМЫ 5G." Вестник КазАТК 120, № 1 (2022): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52167/1609-1817-2022-120-1-164-170.

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Эта статья закона об анализе сети нового поколения 5G. Исключаются плавность перехода с четвертого поколения на пятую и необходимость сети 5G для подключения и передачи данных. Также влияние сети нового поколения на мировую встречу. Анализируются проблемы перехода и технические потребности для реализации сетей. Повседневные продукты и средства связи, будь то изображения, аудио или видео, все больше и больше работают от высокоскоростного круглосуточного подключения к Интернету. Чтобы не отставать от постоянного потребления, было представлено 5-е поколение технологий беспроводной сети; более известный как 5G. Настойчивость в технологическом инновациях высокой устойчивости экономики и будет поддерживать нормальное процветание в постпандемической обстановке. 5G продвигает мобильную связь от людей к единой сети связи, соединяющей всех и всех.

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Agiwal, Anil, and Mamta Agiwal. "Enhanced Paging Monitoring for 5G and Beyond 5G Networks." IEEE Access 10 (2022): 27197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3157874.

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Tullberg, Hugo, Petar Popovski, Zexian Li, et al. "The METIS 5G System Concept: Meeting the 5G Requirements." IEEE Communications Magazine 54, no. 12 (2016): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.1500799cm.

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Parkvall, Stefan, Yufei Blankenship, Ricardo Blasco, et al. "5G NR Release 16: Start of the 5G Evolution." IEEE Communications Standards Magazine 4, no. 4 (2020): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcomstd.011.1900018.

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Waterhouse, Rodney, and Dalma Novack. "Realizing 5G: Microwave Photonics for 5G Mobile Wireless Systems." IEEE Microwave Magazine 16, no. 8 (2015): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2015.2441593.

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Friman, Jan, Michael Nilsson, and Elisabeth Mueller. "5G BSS: Evolving BSS to fit the 5G economy." Ericsson Technology Review 2020, no. 3 (2020): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/etr.2020.9904685.

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Pervaiz, Haris, Muhammad Ali Imran, Shahid Mumtaz, Anwer-al Dulaimi, and Nikolaos Thomos. "Editorial: Spectrum extensions for 5G and beyond 5G networks." Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies 29, no. 10 (2018): e3519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ett.3519.

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