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Journal articles on the topic '6061-T6 aluminium alloy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Wang, You Bin, and Jian Min Zeng. "The Effects of Mn Addition on Microstructure and Properties in 6061 Aluminium Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1838–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1838.

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The effects of Mn addition on the microstructure and hardness of 6061 aluminum alloy were studied by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM) , energy dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and hardness tester in this work. The results shows that rod and fishbone AlSiFeMn phase will be formed in the alloy with Mn addition in 6061 aluminium alloy, and the AlSiFeMn phase increases with the increasing of Mn content . By the mean of XRD, the Al4.07 Mn Si0.74 phase is found in the 6061 aluminium alloy from 0.7% to 1.5% Mn. The hardness increases with the increasing of Mn contents both for as-cast and for T6 heat treatment. However, the hardness growth rate for as-cast is much more than that for T6 heat treatment at the same Mn addition in the 6061 alloy. Mn has a little effect on the hardness for T6 heat treatment in 6061 alloy.

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2

Braun, Reinhold. "Investigation on Microstructure and Corrosion Behaviour of 6XXX Series Aluminium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.735.

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Microstructure and corrosion behaviour of 6061 and 6013 sheet material were investigated in the naturally aged and peak-aged heat treatment conditions. Transmission electron microscopy did not reveal strengthening phases in the naturally aged sheet. In the peak-aged temper, β’’ precipitates were observed in alloy 6061, whereas both β’’ and Q’ phases were present in 6013- T6 sheet. Marked grain boundary precipitation was not found. Corrosion potentials of the alloys 6061 and 6013 shifted to more active values with increasing aging. For the copper containing 6013 sheet, the potential difference between the tempers T4 and T6 was more pronounced. When immersed in an aqueous chloride-peroxide solution, alloy 6061 suffered predominantly intergranular corrosion and pitting in the tempers T4 and T6, respectively. On the contrary, 6013 sheet was sensitive to pitting in the naturally aged condition, and intergranular corrosion was the prevailing attack in the peak-aged material. Both alloys 6061 and 6013 were resistant to stress corrosion cracking in the tempers T4 and T6.

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3

Nur Ismarrubie, Zahari, K. W. Loh, and Hanafiah Yussof. "Effect of Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking of Aluminium Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 845 (December 2013): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.845.178.

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The effect of the retrogression and reaging (RRA) heat treatment on the correlation between microstructure, mechanical properties and susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of the 6061-T6 aluminium alloy in dry air and sprayed in 3.5% NaCl solution has been studied. The as-received T6 alloy was subjected to retrogression at temperature 200°C for 10 minutes, quenching for 30 seconds and reaging at temperature 180°C for 24 h. In this study, the effect of RRA on mechanical properties of the as-received 6061-T6 alloy was investigated by tensile test in air and sprayed in 3.5% NaCl solution. Alternate immersion preparation was conducted to expose the as-received 6061-T6 alloys and RRA heat treated alloys into the corrosive environment, 3.5% NaCl solution for 20 days. The susceptibility to SCC was investigated by direct tension stress-corrosion (DTSC) tests sprayed in a 3.5% NaCl solution at crosshead speed of 0.2 mm/min; the loss of elongation (ELloss) was taken into account for the susceptibility to SCC. Generally, the RRA heat treatment improves the mechanical properties including yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and ductility. On the other hand, the RRA heat treatment decreases the susceptibility to SCC.

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4

Chen, Xu, Rui Si Xing, and Xiao Peng Liu. "Multiaxial Fatigue of 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy under Corrosive Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 853 (September 2016): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.853.77.

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Aluminium alloys are widely used in the fields of automobile, machinery and naval construction. To investigate the effect of non-proportional loadings and corrosive environment on the fatigue resistance of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, a set of uniaxial and multiaxial low cycle fatigue tests were carried out. Firstly, the results of uniaxial tests showed that the alloy exhibited cyclic hardening then cyclic softening. With the increase of stress amplitude the cyclic softening became pronounced. The increasing of plastic deformation was basically cyclically stable with small plastic strain amplitude accumulation when the stress amplitude was lower than 200MPa ,while it was increasing rapidly when the stress amplitude was higher than 220MPa. Secondly, it was observed that non-proportional cycle additional hardening of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy was little. While the fatigue life was badly affected by the loading paths. Thirdly ,the fatigue corrosion interactions were also talked about in details by performing the tests under the same loading conditions with corrosive environment. The experiment proved that the seawater corrosion has huge impact on fatigue life under pH 3. Finally, a multi-axial fatigue life prediction model was used to predict the fatigue life with or without the corrosive environment which showed a good agreement with experimental data.

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5

Takahashi, Yoshimasa, Hiroaki Yoshitake, Takahiro Shikama, Hiroshi Noguchi, and Masanori Takuma. "Giga-Cycle Property of a New Age-Hardened Aluminium Alloy Containing Excess Solute Magnesium." Key Engineering Materials 577-578 (September 2013): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.293.

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The giga-cycle property of a newly developed Al alloy, which contains 0.5wt.% excess Mg solute compared to a standard age-hardened 6061 alloy (6061-T6), was investigated by using smooth specimens subjected to ultrasonic fatigue. The fatigue strength of the new alloy was higher than that of a normal 6061 alloy particularly at relatively low stress amplitude level. Several analyses (surface crack observation, fractography, FIB cross-sectioning, etc.) were also conducted to reveal the micro-mechanism of the observed strength properties. The following results were obtained: i) No fatigue limit was confirmed for both 6061 and new alloy. ii) Total life (Nf) of 6061 and new alloys was determined by a single fatigue crack initiated from a surface PSB crack. iii) Crack initiation resistance defined by N25 (number of cycles to reach ρ = 25 mm-2, where ρ is the PSB crack number density) for new alloy was higher than that of 6061. iv) The higher fatigue strength of new alloy was explained by the effect of excess Mg solute which increased the resistance against the formation of PSB cracks.

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6

Martins, N. C. T., T. Moura e Silva, M. F. Montemor, J. C. S. Fernandes, and M. G. S. Ferreira. "Polyaniline coatings on aluminium alloy 6061-T6: Electrosynthesis and characterization." Electrochimica Acta 55, no. 10 (2010): 3580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.007.

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7

Moreira, Pedro Miguel Guimarães Pires, T. Santos, Sérgio M. O. Tavares, Valentin Richter-Trummer, Pedro Vilaça, and Paulo Manuel Salgado Tavares de Castro. "Mechanical Characterization of Friction Stir Welds of Two Dissimilar Aluminium Alloys of the 6xxx Series." Materials Science Forum 587-588 (June 2008): 430–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.587-588.430.

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A study on the mechanical characterization of friction stir welds between aluminium alloys 6061-T6 and 6082-T6 was carried out. For comparison, single alloy joints made from each one of the two alloys were also performed. The work included microstructure examination, microhardness tests, tensile tests and bending tests of all joint types. An approximate finite element model of the joint, taking into account the spatial dependence of the tensile strength properties, was made, modelling a bending test of the weldments.

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8

Mohd Hanapi, Mohd Haslam, Zuhailawati Hussain, Indra Putra Almanar, and Anasyida Abu Seman. "Optimization Processing Parameter of 6061-T6 Alloy Friction Stir Welded Using Taguchi Technique." Materials Science Forum 840 (January 2016): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.840.294.

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Taguchi approach was applied to evaluate the processing parameter to determine the most influential control factors which will yield better tensile strength of friction stir welded joint of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy. The processing parameters involved are tool shoulder diameter, in mm (18 ,20, 22), tool rotational speed, in rpm (410, 865, 1140), and feed rate, in mm/min (22, 32, 45). Taguchi parametric design and optimization approach was used. Through the Taguchi parametric design approach, the optimum levels of process parameters were determined. The results indicate that the shoulder size, rotational speed, and feed rate are the significant parameters influencing the tensile strength and hardness of the joint. The predicted optimal values of tensile strength 6061-T6 aluminium alloy is 321.16 MPa. The results was confirmed by further experiments, where the experimented values for tensile strength is 301.28 MPa.

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9

El-Axir, M. H. "An investigation into the ball burnishing of aluminium alloy 6061-T6." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 221, no. 12 (2007): 1733–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544054jem818.

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10

Martins, N. C. T., T. Moura e Silva, M. F. Montemor, J. C. S. Fernandes, and M. G. S. Ferreira. "Electrodeposition and characterization of polypyrrole films on aluminium alloy 6061-T6." Electrochimica Acta 53, no. 14 (2008): 4754–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.01.059.

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11

Mahdi, Elsadig, and E. Eltai. "Study on the Impact of Welding on the Corrosion Properties of AA 6061 T6." Applied Mechanics and Materials 575 (June 2014): 210–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.575.210.

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Aluminium alloy 6061 T6 circular specimens were joined using TIG welding method. AlMg5 was used as filler. The corrosion behavior of welded and un-welded AA 6061 T6 was investigated using potentiodynamic and open circuit potential (OCP) measurements. Specimens were immersed in 3.5 (wt %) NaCl solution. Different zones with different corrosion properties were created as a result of the welding process. Results reveals that sever pitting corrosion has taken place on the heat affected zone (HAZ); the corrosion current of HAZ was increased. The measured potential of HAZ was more negative and largely fluctuated comparing to base metal (BM).

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12

Spence, Timothy, and Makhlouf M. Makhlouf. "Modelling Creep Induced by Machining Residual Stresses in Aluminium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 765 (July 2013): 585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.765.585.

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Aluminium alloy precision components such as those used in optical systems often experience distortion of their shape during service. This distortion occurs because of residual stresses that are introduced into the surface of the component during machining and lead to creeping of the material when the component is subjected to an elevated temperature for a long time. In this paper, a creep model is developed and used to describe how the residual surface stresses created by milling and by fly cutting affect the geometry of an aluminium alloy component as it creeps. The accuracy of the model is verified by comparing its predictions to measurements made on components manufactured from 4032-O and 6061-T6 aluminium alloys.

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13

Ilham Akbar, Hammar, Eko Surojo, and Dody Ariawan. "Effect of quenching agent on dimension stability of Al 6061-Al2O3 composite." MATEC Web of Conferences 159 (2018): 02047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815902047.

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Al 6061-Al2O3 composite is a lightweight materials that can be used as an alternative material in automotive parts. T6 heat treatment is generally used on aluminium alloy series 6xxx . On T6 heat treatment process, material heated to temperature for obtaining a single phase of α, quenched and then continued by artificial ageing. Quenching is critical step because distortion can be occur in material. The aim of this research is to investigated effect of quenching agent and electroless coating treatment of Al2O3 in distortion at Al 6061-Al2O3 composite . The distortion was measured by dimensional change in the specimen. Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) was used to measured distortion based on coordinate change. Lower distortion are occur on 10E and 10N specimens. Electroless coating process on the reinforcement is more effective to obtain lower distortion on Al 6061-Al2O3 composite. The severity (H) of quenchant influenced distortion on specimen. Higher H value produce higher distortion on Al 6061-Al2O3 composite.

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14

Ali, M. B., S. Abdullah, Mohd Zaki Nuawi, and Ahmad Kamal Ariffin. "Investigation of Energy Absorbed from an Instrumented Charpy Impact on Automotive Specimens." Applied Mechanics and Materials 165 (April 2012): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.165.182.

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This paper presents the analysis of energy absorbed that produced from an instrumented charpy impact in order to evaluate the toughness of materials. Alloy rims made from aluminium 6061-T6 are easily damage, fracture and can even destroy after impact loading compared to the steel rim. For this reason, an idea was initiated to determine the strain signal pattern and strain energy for evaluting the toughness of materials. Strain gauges were experimentally connected to the data acquisition system and it was then attached to the charpy striker for the impact signal collection. Specimens of aluminium alloy of 6061-T6 and carbon steel 1050 were used and its were designed according to the ASTM E23 standard. In this work, the signal was converted from the time domain to the frequency domain using the power spectrum density (PSD) method and the area under its graph was then used to calculate strain energy. The comparison between absorbed energy and strain energy was performed based on different materials and thicknesses. It was found the effect of the strain signal pattern with different materials and thicknesses to be influnced the strain energy.

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15

Kasim, Mohd Shahir, Mohamad Hazizan Atan, C. H. Che Haron, et al. "Analysis of Tool Performance during Ball-End Milling of Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6." Applied Mechanics and Materials 761 (May 2015): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.761.318.

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This article presents the tool wear mechanism when machining Aluminium alloy 6061-T6 with PVD coated carbide under dry cutting condition. Cutting parameters selected were cutting speed, Vc = 115-145 m/min; feed rate fz = 0.15-0.2 mm/tooth and depth of cut, ap = 0.5-0.75 mm. The result showed the tool life of PVD TiAlN ranged from 11 to 97 min. Full factorial approach was employed to exhibit relationship between parameter input and output. From the analysis, cutting speed was found to be the most significant factor for tool performance followed by feed rate and depth of cut. It was also found that most of failure modes occurred were notch wear and flaking near those found near depth of cut line.

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16

Theja, M. Bala. "Influence on Mechanical Properties by Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 6, no. 3 (2018): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.3096.

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17

Zedan, Yasser, Victor Songmene, Jules Kouam, and Jacques Masounave. "Effects of lubrication modes on part quality during drilling 6061-T6 aluminium alloy." International Journal of Machining and Machinability of Materials 13, no. 2/3 (2013): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmmm.2013.053225.

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18

Wang, Shu, Dong Hu, Fengling Yang, and Peng Lin. "Investigation on kerf taper in abrasive waterjet machining of aluminium alloy 6061-T6." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 15 (November 2021): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.08.012.

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19

Chybiński, Marcin, and Łukasz Polus. "Bending Resistance of Metal-Concrete Composite Beams in a Natural Fire." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 28, no. 4 (2018): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2018-0058.

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Abstract In this paper, the bending resistance of three metal-concrete composite beams was compared in real car fires in an open car park. Steel and concrete composite beams are often used for the construction of ceilings in multi-storey car parks. The authors made an attempt to evaluate how the replacement of a non-alloy steel girder with a stainless steel or aluminium alloy girder affects the bending resistance of a composite beam under fire conditions. The analysed beams were not fire-protected. They consisted of a concrete slab and a girder made of: non-alloy (carbon) S235J2 (1.0117) steel, X6CrNiMoTi17- 12-2 (1.4571) stainless steel, and AW-6061 T6 (EN AW-Al Mg1SiCu) aluminium alloy.

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20

Pramod, R., N. Siva Shanmugam, and CK Krishnadasan. "Studies on cold metal transfer welding of aluminium alloy 6061-T6 using ER 4043." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 234, no. 7 (2020): 924–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420720917175.

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Aluminium alloy 6061-T6 is utilized in aerospace industry for developing pressure vessel liner. Cold metal transfer is a promising welding process used in fabricating aluminium structures. The present work is focussed to achieve an optimum welding parameter for joining a 3.5-mm thick pressure vessel and to examine the mechanical properties and metallurgical nature of the weldment. The welded joint was evaluated as defect free using radiography test. The joint efficiency (66.61%) and measured microhardness of weldment (59.78 HV) exhibited promising results. The effect of grain coarsening in the heat affected zone (HAZ) and weld zone is attributed to the thermal gradients during welding. Dissipation of small amounts of strengthening elements Si and Mg during welding leads to reduction in mechanical properties. X-ray diffraction peaks revealed the presence of intermetallic Al–Si and Fe–Si in the weld zone. Fractography examination confirms the ductile type of failure in the fractured surface of the tensile samples.

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21

Rajhi, W. "Numerical Simulation of Damage on Warm Deep Drawing of Al 6061-T6 Aluminium Alloy." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 5 (2019): 4830–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3148.

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This work focuses on the numerical simulation of warm deep drawing operation of car sump oil made with Al 6061-T6 aluminum alloy for the purpose of process optimization. The thermo visco-plastic behavior with damage effect of the material is described by the Johnson-Cook (JC) model. The JC model parameters for the Al 6061-T6 Aluminum alloy were exploited. Numerical simulation of the deep drawing operation was performed with the use of the ABAQUS FE software thanks to the dynamic Explicit Temperature-Displacement algorithm. The design of the different tools is obtained on the basis of the geometry of the finished product. Designing of punch, die and blank holder is performed using CATIA 3D CAD software. The warm forming method involves the heating of the blank holder and the die to a certain temperature, whereas, the punch is kept at room temperature. In this study, predefined temperatures of the die and blank holder and punch speed will be investigated among other stamping parameters. The computed damage evolution curves for a given set of the process parameters are retrieved at the end of the simulation to determine suitable forming conditions. It can be noted that the slower the damage evolution achieved within the blank, the more appropriate the process parameters. Thus, by increasing strain rate, main cracks change location.

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22

Jang, Seok-Ki, and Jong-Seek Park. "Mechanical Characteristics and Microstructure on Friction Stir Welded Joints with 6061-T6 Aluminium Alloy." Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A 33, no. 7 (2009): 693–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-a.2009.33.7.693.

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23

Valdez, B., S. Kiyota, M. Stoytcheva, R. Zlatev, and J. M. Bastidas. "Cerium-based conversion coatings to improve the corrosion resistance of aluminium alloy 6061-T6." Corrosion Science 87 (October 2014): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2014.06.023.

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24

Wong, Y. K., X. Z. Hu, and M. P. Norton. "Plastically elastically dominant fatigue interaction in 316L stainless steel and 6061-T6 aluminium alloy." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 25, no. 2 (2002): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.8756-758x.2002.00488.x.

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25

Xu, Mengjia, Bosheng Liu, Yunqiang Zhao, Zhenmin Wang, and Zhibo Dong. "Direct joining of thermoplastic ABS to aluminium alloy 6061-T6 using friction lap welding." Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 25, no. 5 (2020): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2020.1719304.

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26

Ravikumar, S., V. Jaswanthvenkatram, Y. J. N. V. Sai kumar, and S. Md Sohaib. "Design and Analysis of Wind Turbine Blade Hub using Aluminium Alloy AA 6061-T6." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 197 (May 2017): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/197/1/012044.

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27

Niknam, Seyed Ali, and Victor Songmene. "Simultaneous optimization of burrs size and surface finish when milling 6061-T6 aluminium alloy." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 14, no. 8 (2013): 1311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12541-013-0178-8.

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28

Kim, H. J., T. Kobayashi, H. S. Yoon, and E. P. Yoon. "Micromechanical fracture process of SiC-particle-reinforced aluminium alloy 6061-T6 metal matrix composites." Materials Science and Engineering: A 154, no. 1 (1992): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(92)90360-d.

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29

Yadav, Ramneek, Anirudh Sharma, Siddharth Vohra, Saurabh Dewangan, and Mukesh Kr. Chowrasia. "Investigation into defects occurred in friction stir welded joint of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy." Materials Today: Proceedings 46 (2021): 8910–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.05.360.

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30

Suresh, S., K. Venkatesan, Elango Natarajan, S. Rajesh, and Wei Hong Lim. "Evaluating weld properties of conventional and swept friction stir spot welded 6061-T6 aluminium alloy." Materials Express 9, no. 8 (2019): 851–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mex.2019.1584.

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6061-T6 aluminium alloy is a tempered grade aluminium material that is extensively used, particularly in space and automotive applications. The conventional and swept friction stir spot welding (FSSW) joints are prepared by varying tool rotational speed at four different levels. The mechanical properties, microstructure and mode of failure in both types of FSSW are evaluated and reported. The high plastic deformation and fine grains influenced the increase in hardness of the weld joints based on the Hall-Petch equation. The highest lap shear strength of 5.31 kN is observed in swept FSSW sample prepared at 1400 rpm. Interestingly, 1600 rpm decreased the lap shear strength due to insufficient friction between base metal and tool in the higher tool rotational speed. The minimum microhardness is noticed in heat-affected zone (HAZ) of both cases. Conventional FSSW samples showed shear fracture, nugget pullout fracture and circumferential fracture under lap shear loading, whereas swept FSSW showed only the circumferential fracture.

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31

Takahashi, Yoshimasa, Takahiro Shikama, and Hiroshi Noguchi. "Micro-Analyses of Small Cracks in 6061-T6 Aluminium Alloy Subjected to High-Cycle Fatigue." Key Engineering Materials 525-526 (November 2012): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.525-526.213.

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The growth of a small crack controlling the high-cycle fatigue life of a precipitation-strengthened 6061-T6 aluminium alloy was critically investigated. As the applied stress lowered, the small crack was arrested for a long period (over 106cycles) at grain boundaries before regrowth, which resulted in a significantly slow growth process. The morphological and crystallographic details of the small crack were then analyzed with focused ion beam and transmission electron microscopy. It was revealed that the small crack was formed along fine persistent slip bands (PSBs) whose structure was fairly different from that reported for other metals. The concept of PSB-limited fatigue strength may be extended to include the present material type.

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32

Sedmak, Aleksandar, Ratnesh Kumar, Somnath Chattopadhyaya, et al. "Heat input effect of friction stir welding on aluminium alloy AA 6061-T6 welded joint." Thermal Science 20, no. 2 (2016): 637–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci150814147d.

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33

Jiang, W. H., and R. Kovacevic. "Feasibility study of friction stir welding of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy with AISI 1018 steel." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 218, no. 10 (2004): 1323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954405042323612.

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34

Kumar, Ratnesh, Somnath Chattopadhyaya, Sergej Hloch, Grzegorz Krolczyk, and Stanisław Legutko. "Wear characteristics and defects analysis of friction stir welded joint of aluminium alloy 6061-T6." Ekspolatacja i Niezawodnosc - Maintenance and Reliability 18, no. 1 (2016): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17531/ein.2016.1.17.

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35

Sajeeb, A. M. "Parametric Studies on Weld Penetration on Plate of Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6 Using FEM Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 367 (August 2013): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.367.90.

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Tremendous efforts were made in the last couple of decades showing remarkable development in new welding technologies for defect free structures capable of excellent in-service thermal and structural load bearing features. The weld penetration plays an important role in weld induced imperfections and transient temperature distributions followed by transient and residual stress fields. This paper therefore, presents the investigation on the finite element analysis using COMSOL Multiphysics and MATLAB with moving heat sources, temperature dependent material properties, and transient heat transfer and the experimental study by thermogrphy method to the analysis of arc welded plates of Al.alloy 6061-T6 and shows a good co-relation and also close agreement to the previously published literature for temperature distribution. The effect of process parameters viz., welding speed, arc current and standoff distance on weld penetration also has been studied.

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36

Niknam, Seyed Ali, Jules Kouam, and Victor Songmene. "Experimental investigation on part quality and metallic particle emission when milling 6061-T6 aluminium alloy." International Journal of Machining and Machinability of Materials 18, no. 1/2 (2016): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmmm.2016.075469.

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37

L’haridon Quaireau, Sarah, Kimberly Colas, Bénédicte Kapusta, et al. "Impact of ion and neutron irradiation on the corrosion of the 6061-T6 aluminium alloy." Journal of Nuclear Materials 553 (September 2021): 153051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153051.

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38

Zhang, Ying, Yidu Bu, Yuanqing Wang, Zhongxing Wang, and Yuanwen Ouyang. "Study of flexural–torsional buckling behaviour of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy unequal-leg angle columns." Thin-Walled Structures 164 (July 2021): 107821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2021.107821.

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Meon, Mohd Suhairil, Muhamad Fauzi Othman, Mahamad Hisyam Mahamad Basri, Hazran Husain, and Juri B. Saedon. "Effect of Tubes Length and Annealing Temperature on Energy Absorption of Aluminium Alloy Tube 6061-T6 under Inversion Collapse Mode." Advanced Materials Research 701 (May 2013): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.701.82.

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The purposes of this study are to investigate the effect on variation of the specimens tube length and annealing temperature on the amount of energy absorption of Aluminium tubes (AA 6061) towards inversion collapse mode. The tests were performed on the Aluminium tubes using compression test according to ASTM E8 standard procedure. In this study, a quasi-static inversion tests were conducted in order to obtain the energy absorbed during inversion stages. It was found that the energy absorbed by Aluminium tubes were increased by increasing the tube length but decreased with annealing temperature.

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Larose, Simon, Maxime Guérin, and Priti Wanjara. "Process Window for Friction Stir Lap Welding of Aluminum Alloy 6061." Materials Science Forum 783-786 (May 2014): 2839–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.2839.

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Precipitation-hardenable 6xxx series aluminum alloys are incorporated in many structural components with due consideration of their good combination of properties including a relatively high strength, outstanding extrudability and excellent corrosion resistance. Accordingly, AA6061 has been identified as a very good candidate material for structural lightweighting of transportation vehicles. However, the weldability of aluminum alloy (AA) 6061 by means of conventional technologies such as GMAW and GTAW methods is limited by sensitivity to solidification cracking. In this respect, friction stir welding (FSW) presents a tremendous potential for assembly of aluminum structures for the transportation industry due to the low heat involved that can mitigate crack formation and, thus, translate into improved mechanical performance of the assembly. In this work, FSW of 3.18 mm thick AA6061-T6 sheets in the lap joint configuration was investigated. This configuration is considered to be more challenging for assembly by FSW than the butt joint type due to the orientation of the interface with respect to the welding tools and the necessity to break the oxide layer on two aluminium alloy planar surfaces. Weld trials were performed to examine the influence of the FSW tool geometry and process parameters on the welding defects, microstructure, hardness and bend performance. Unacceptable material expulsion and/or significant thinning in one of the two overlapped sheets were produced under most conditions. A set of FSW tool geometries leading to a viable process operational window under which the risk of defects could be mitigated and/or eliminated was identified in this study.

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Giglio, Marco, Andrea Manes, Carlo Mapelli, Davide Mombelli, Claudio Baldizzone, and Andrea Gruttadauria. "Crystallographic Analysis of Specimens Used for Calibrate a Failure Model for an Al 6061 – T6 Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 488-489 (September 2011): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.488-489.89.

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Calibration and exploitation of failure criterion is at present a challenging field in the structural integrity scenario. Calibrated failure criteria allow the simulation/reproduction of damages using virtual approach and eventually further assessment of the residual integrity of the components. Therefore the increase of awareness in failure issues makes the numerical simulation an actual, useful and reliable tool for the analysis of complex structures under extreme loads, especially in aerospace field where full scale tests are often very expensive and difficult to carry out. With this aim, the constitutive relations of an Aluminium Al 6061-T6 alloy have been calibrated with dedicated focus on failure criterion. The results obtained have been discussed considering the crystallographic measurements that permit to point out the dissipative behavior on the basis of texture formation as a function of the load type. The final aim is to confirm and explain the different failure behavior depending on the different stress triaxiality.

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Maneaih, D., K. Prahlada Rao, and K. Brahma Raju. "Experimental Investigation on Friction Stir Butt Welded Aluminium 6061-T6 Alloy Using Taguchi L9 Experimental Approach." Advanced Materials Research 1148 (June 2018): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1148.176.

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Two sheets of aluminium 6061-T6 alloy of size 400×150×3 (mm) is butt welded by the friction stir welding by varying the process parameter such as rotational speed, tilt angle and feed. The ranges of process parameters are rotational speed 560, 900 and 1400 RPM, tilt angle 0, 0.5 and 1 and feed 20, 63 and 100 mm/min. The hexagonal shape of probe is taken to carry out the friction stir welding. The Taguchi L9 experimental approach is used to draw the 9 experimental conditions. The temperature at the weld bead as well as on the probe during the welding is measured by the help of a LASER gun. The hardness at the weld bead and parent metal is measured after the welding. Taguchi L9 approach is used to optimize the process parameters to identify the individual as well as simultaneous effects of the process parameters on the responses temperature and hardness of the weld joint. The optimum conditions for the better fitment of the process parameter and responses are identified through this experimentation.

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Fuse, Kishan, and Vishvesh Badheka. "Hybrid Self-Reacting Friction Stir Welding of AA 6061-T6 Aluminium Alloy with Cooling Assisted Approach." Metals 11, no. 1 (2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11010016.

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In the present work, self-reacting friction stir welding of 6 mm thick Al 6061-T6 was processed considering two novel approaches as different temperatures of the water (1 °C and 30 °C), and methods of use (spraying and enveloping top surface) using water as cooling media. The four experiments as natural air cooling (NAC), spraying with room temperature water mist (S-RM), spraying with ice water mist (S-IM), and cooling with room temperature water jet (C-RJ) were performed. The thermal profile, microstructure, microhardness, and tensile properties were investigated for all the joints. The lowest hardness location was heat affected zone in NAC and it was the boundary of the thermo-mechanically affected zone and weld nugget zone in all cooling assisted joints. The C-RJ cooling assisted joint resulted in the highest tensile strength of 189.16 MPa which is 8.17% higher than the conventional self-reacting friction stir welded joint.

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YI, Jie, Jian-ming ZHANG, Shu-fen CAO, and Peng-cheng GUO. "Effect of welding sequence on residual stress and deformation of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy automobile component." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 29, no. 2 (2019): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(19)64938-1.

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Lee, W. S., and M. H. Liu. "Effects of directional grain structure on impact properties and dislocation substructure of 6061-T6 aluminium alloy." Materials Science and Technology 30, no. 14 (2013): 1719–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743284713y.0000000456.

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Feng, Z., X. L. Wang, S. A. David, and P. S. Sklad. "Modelling of residual stresses and property distributions in friction stir welds of aluminium alloy 6061-T6." Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 12, no. 4 (2007): 348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174329307x197610.

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Appendino, P., C. Badini, F. Marino, and A. Tomasi. "6061 aluminium alloy-SiC particulate composite: a comparison between aging behavior in T4 and T6 treatments." Materials Science and Engineering: A 135 (March 1991): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(91)90575-8.

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S, Shivakumar. "Charecterisation and Mechanical Properties Evaluation of Aluminium Alloy T6-6061(Reinforced with ZrO2) subjected to Forging." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 1 (2021): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.32706.

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Eltai, E., and Elsadig Mahdi. "Tensile, Hardness, and Torsion Behavior of Welded AA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 575 (June 2014): 400–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.575.400.

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Tensile, Torsion, and Hardness behavior of welded and un-welded Aluminium Alloy 6061 T6 were investigated. Tests were conducted to evaluate the impact of tungsten Gas Arc welding (TIG) on some of the mechanical properties of the alloy. Different zones with different mechanical properties were created as a result of the welding process. Welding was found to have enormous impact on the tensile, torsion, and hardness properties of the alloy. Welded tensile specimens were failed at the welded area whereas not welded ones were failed at the centre. Welded torsion specimens were failed at the HAZ but not welded ones failed at the centre. The hardness of HAZ was decreased as a result of the heat generated during the welding process. Hardness values were increased as we moved away from the welded region.

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Othman, Norinsan Kamil, S. R. S. Bakar, Azman Jalar, Junaidi Syarif, and M. Y. Ahmad. "The Effect of Filler Metals on Mechanical Properties of 6 Mm AA 6061-T6 Welded Joints." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 873–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.873.

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of filler metals in the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process on the Aluminium alloy of AA 6061-T6 welded joints. 6 mm thickness plate with single V butt configuration was used and welded using two different fillers ER 4043 and ER 5356 and controlled welding parameters. The relationship between hardness and microstructure of the welded parts were studied and compared and the results showed that the post weld mechanical property has decreased especially for the filler ER 5356. The hardness at the heat affected zone (HAZ) of ER 5356 also has reduced almost 85% compared to the hardness of AA 6061 base metal. The microstructure of ER 4043 welding material shows the shape of columnar grains and dendrite structure. Microstructure morphology of ER 5356 welding material shows dendrites and intermetallic particles (Mg2Si) have partially dissolved and scattered in the welding material.

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